WEBVTT 00:03.467 --> 00:06.499 >> WELCOME TO "WEDU QUEST." I'M DR. SHANNON McQUAIG. 00:06.566 --> 00:08.932 CADAVERS HAVE BEEN USED FOR CENTURIES TO BETTER UNDERSTAND 00:09.000 --> 00:11.832 HUMAN ANATOMY AND TRAIN DOCTORS AND OTHER MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS. 00:11.900 --> 00:14.699 HOWEVER, THE USE OF CADAVERS HAS LIMITATIONS. 00:14.766 --> 00:17.132 THEY ARE DIFFICULT TO STORE AND MAINTAIN. 00:17.200 --> 00:22.866 SYNTHETIC CADAVERS WERE NEVER OF ACCEPTABLE QUALITY UNTIL NOW. 00:22.933 --> 00:26.632 >> AT FIRST GLANCE, THESE HUMANS SPLAYED OUT ON MEDICAL TABLES 00:26.700 --> 00:31.265 ARE A LITTLE UNNERVING, BUT THEY ARE ACTUALLY JUST CONVINCING 00:31.333 --> 00:35.399 SYNTHETIC MODELS DEVELOPED BY SynDaver LABS. 00:35.467 --> 00:38.699 >> SynDaver GOT ITS START AS A BASIC SCIENTIST COMPANY. 00:38.766 --> 00:40.665 AND WHAT UNDERLIES ALL OF OUR TECHNOLOGY IS LIVE TISSUE 00:40.733 --> 00:44.399 TESTING. SO WE PERFORM SOME KIND OF 00:44.467 --> 00:47.199 PHYSICAL TEST ON A LIVE TISSUE AND THEN WE DEVELOP AN ANALOGUE 00:47.266 --> 00:50.432 TO MIMIC THOSE PROPERTIES. >> CHRISTOPHER SAKEZLES USED HIS 00:50.500 --> 00:55.399 TRAINING IN POLYMER SCIENCE TO CREATE THESE ANATOMICAL MODELS. 00:55.467 --> 00:59.332 >> WE MAKE EVERYTHING OUT OF WATER, SALTS, AND FIBERS SO THAT 00:59.400 --> 01:03.632 WE CAN MIMIC BOTH MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND PHYSICAL 01:03.700 --> 01:06.699 PROPERTIES, LIKE THERMAL CONNECTIVITY, DIELECTRIC 01:06.766 --> 01:10.099 PROPERTIES SO WE CAN GET PROPER HEATING IN AN MRI COIL. 01:10.166 --> 01:12.932 >> AT THE SynDaver LAB, TECHNICIANS WORK ON CREATING 01:13.000 --> 01:16.366 ANYTHING FROM BODY PARTS TO DETAILED ANATOMICAL HUMANS 01:16.433 --> 01:20.299 THAT BLEED. THEY CAN EVEN EXHIBIT SHOCK FOR 01:20.367 --> 01:23.932 REAL-LIFE TRAINING EXPERIENCE. THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF 01:24.000 --> 01:28.099 THESE SynDavers TAKES IN EVERY SCIENTIFIC ANGLE IN ANATOMY. 01:28.166 --> 01:32.565 >> EVEN THE SIMPLEST PART IN OUR PRODUCTS THAT YOU MIGHT LOOK AT 01:32.633 --> 01:36.265 AND THINK THAT THEY ARE SIMPLE, SOMETHING -- RADIAL ARTERY. 01:36.333 --> 01:40.165 YOU START OUT WITH A REAL RADIAL ARTERY AND YOU CAN RUN THAT 01:40.233 --> 01:43.032 THROUGH A BATTERY OF TESTS THAT MIGHT INCLUDE THE RESISTANCE TO 01:43.100 --> 01:45.999 PUNCTURE THROUGH THE VESSEL. SPEAKING STRICTLY MECHANICALLY, 01:46.066 --> 01:51.565 USE SOMETHING CALLED FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS TO MODEL THAT 01:51.633 --> 01:55.366 PART AND THE SURROUNDING PARTS TO CREATE A MODEL THAT'S GOING 01:55.433 --> 01:58.732 TO PERFORM LIKE THE REAL THING. AND AT THE END OF THE DAY, 01:58.800 --> 02:01.532 THAT'S WHAT WE WANT TO DO. >> THE COMPANY HAS BEEN MAKING 02:01.600 --> 02:05.366 SYNTHETIC HUMAN CADAVERS FOR ABOUT A DECADE BUT TURNED TO 02:05.433 --> 02:08.265 CREATING DOGS AFTER RECEIVING A REQUEST FROM CHRISTOPHER'S 02:08.333 --> 02:14.399 ALMA MATER. >> THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 02:14.467 --> 02:17.032 COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE IS OUR PARTNER. 02:17.100 --> 02:20.966 THEY APPROACHED US ABOUT THIS TIME LAST YEAR WANTING TO CREATE 02:21.033 --> 02:23.966 SOMETHING SYNTHETIC THAT THEY COULD USE TO REPLACE BOTH LIVE 02:24.033 --> 02:27.532 ANIMALS AND ANIMAL CADAVERS ON THE CANINE SIDE. 02:27.600 --> 02:30.232 >> FOR ETHICAL REASONS, THE UNIVERSITY STOPPED USING 02:30.300 --> 02:33.599 LIVE ANIMALS DURING SURGICAL TRAINING BUT USING REAL CADAVERS 02:33.666 --> 02:36.765 PROVED CHALLENGING. >> THE PROPERTIES OF THE TISSUE 02:36.833 --> 02:40.466 CHANGE IMMEDIATELY AFTER DEATH, MUCH MORE RADICALLY ONCE YOU 02:40.533 --> 02:42.799 FREEZE THEM, AND CERTAINLY AFTER PRESERVING THEM. 02:42.867 --> 02:45.165 WHEN YOU USE A BAD MODEL LIKE THAT YOU GET SOMETHING CALLED 02:45.233 --> 02:48.599 NEGATIVE TRAINING TRANSFER. THAT SIMPLY MEANS THAT YOU'RE 02:48.666 --> 02:51.165 TRAINING YOUR STUDENTS HOW TO DO THINGS WRONG. 02:51.233 --> 02:53.466 YOU'RE TEACHING THEM INCORRECTLY. 02:53.533 --> 02:57.699 SO WHAT WE'VE DONE IS CREATED A SYNTHETIC FOR THEIR APPLICATION 02:57.766 --> 03:01.399 THAT MIMICS LIVE TISSUE BETTER THAN THE DOG CADAVERS DO. 03:01.467 --> 03:05.466 >> THE SynDaver CANINE'S STRIKINGLY LIFELIKE COMPONENTS 03:05.533 --> 03:07.832 HELP ENSURE A PRODUCTIVE TRAINING EXPERIENCE FOR 03:07.900 --> 03:10.699 STUDENTS. >> I WANT SOMETHING THAT WAS SO 03:10.766 --> 03:14.565 REALISTIC THAT IT WOULD GIVE THE SAME EXPERIENCE AS IF YOU WERE 03:14.633 --> 03:18.265 TO DO SURGERY ON A LIVE ANIMAL. >> DR. DAVID DANIELSON, 03:18.333 --> 03:22.466 THE VETERINARY TECHNICAL VP AT SynDaver, IS PASSIONATE ABOUT 03:22.533 --> 03:25.599 THE DETAILS. >> TEXTURALLY, WE WANTED THE 03:25.666 --> 03:28.432 SKIN TO BEHAVE PROPERLY SO YOU CAN CUT IT AND IT GIVES YOU THE 03:28.500 --> 03:33.432 SAME FEEL AND DEPTH OF CUT AS IT WOULD IF IT WAS REAL, HOW TO 03:33.500 --> 03:36.599 SUTURE PROPERLY SO IT HAS THE SAME DRAG AND PULL SO YOU CAN 03:36.666 --> 03:40.665 LEARN HOW TO PROPERLY CLOSE. AND THEN, OF COURSE, THE ASPECT 03:40.733 --> 03:43.966 OF SOME OF THE PATHOLOGIES INTERNALLY, REMOVING PART OF THE 03:44.033 --> 03:47.366 SPLEEN OR DOING THE BIOPSY OF THE LIVER OR ANY OF THAT, 03:47.433 --> 03:50.832 WE REALLY WANTED THOSE STUDENTS TO LEARN TO DO IT EXACTLY AS IF 03:50.900 --> 03:54.565 IT WAS ON A LIVE ANIMAL. >> AFTER WE CLOSE THIS LAYER IN 03:54.633 --> 03:57.899 A SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PATTERN, WE'LL COME BACK AND CLOSE THE 03:57.967 --> 04:01.732 MORE SUPERFICIAL ASPECT. >> DR. STANLEY KIM TEACHES SMALL 04:01.800 --> 04:04.999 ANIMAL SURGERY AT UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA AND GAVE FEEDBACK DURING 04:05.066 --> 04:10.032 THE TWEAKING PROCESS. >> SynDaver ORIGINALLY CAME UP 04:10.100 --> 04:14.032 WITH AN EXCELLENT PROTOTYPE, BUT THERE WERE SOME VERY IMPORTANT 04:14.100 --> 04:18.399 ANATOMIC DETAILS WITHIN THE ABDOMEN THAT WE WANTED TO MAKE 04:18.467 --> 04:22.532 SURE WERE IN THERE SO WE COULD REALLY SIMULATE A VERY REALISTIC 04:22.600 --> 04:25.932 EXPERIENCE. AND THE FEEDBACK THAT WE 04:26.000 --> 04:30.866 PROVIDED TO THEM I THINK WAS CRITICAL FOR THEM TO DEVELOP 04:30.933 --> 04:35.532 THIS MODEL THAT I THINK IS A VERY SUITABLE REPRESENTATION OF 04:35.600 --> 04:40.899 A LIVE ANIMAL. >> SURGICAL PROFESSOR AND 04:40.967 --> 04:44.632 VETERINARIAN DR. BRAD CASE SHARES THE ENTHUSIASM FELT BY 04:44.700 --> 04:47.932 HIS COLLEAGUE. >> THE GREAT THING ABOUT THIS IS 04:48.000 --> 04:50.265 WE NOW HAVE A MODEL THAT WE'VE COMPLETELY ELIMINATED THE 04:50.333 --> 04:55.432 ETHICAL CONCERNS. AND WE'VE GOT A VERY ACCURATE, 04:55.500 --> 04:58.432 AT LEAST THE MOST ACCURATE MODEL THAT I'VE EVER SEEN, IN REGARDS 04:58.500 --> 05:01.432 TO TISSUE TEXTURE, VASCULAR ANATOMY. 05:01.500 --> 05:04.932 SO NOW THESE STUDENTS GET A REAL-LIFE EXPERIENCE. 05:05.000 --> 05:08.699 >> AND THE SynDaver CANINE'S MOST GRUESOME ELEMENT APPEARS TO 05:08.766 --> 05:15.832 BE ONE OF ITS MOST CRUCIAL FOR ACCURATE SURGICAL PRACTICE. 05:15.900 --> 05:18.999 >> I THINK ONE OF THE BIGGEST BENEFITS, HONESTLY, IS THE 05:19.066 --> 05:21.499 BLEEDING AND SEEING THE BLEEDING BECAUSE WITH THE CADAVERS, 05:21.566 --> 05:24.099 YOU DON'T GET A LOT OF THAT. AND IN REAL LIFE WITH THE 05:24.166 --> 05:26.299 ANIMALS THAT WE'RE GOING TO BE WORKING ON IN THE FUTURE, THEY 05:26.367 --> 05:28.599 ARE GOING TO BLEED, AND IT MAKES THINGS A LITTLE BIT HARDER AND 05:28.666 --> 05:31.565 MORE CHALLENGING. >> WE HAD A NUMBER OF THEM 05:31.633 --> 05:33.966 DISCOVER THAT THEIR LIGATURES WEREN'T TIGHT ENOUGH, AND THEN 05:34.033 --> 05:36.165 THEY HAD A BLEEDING VESSEL, AND THEY HAD TO DEAL WITH THAT, 05:36.233 --> 05:38.632 AND THEY CAN HEAR THE HEART RATE IN THE BACKGROUND. 05:38.700 --> 05:40.832 THEY CAN PALPATE THE PULSING VESSEL. 05:40.900 --> 05:44.332 THEY CAN APPLY DIGITAL PRESSURE TO CAUSE TEMPORARY HEMOSTASIS 05:44.400 --> 05:46.932 AND TROUBLESHOOT HOW TO DEAL WITH IT. 05:47.000 --> 05:50.032 SO I THINK THAT IS AN ASPECT OF SURGERY WHICH IS STRESSFUL AND 05:50.100 --> 05:53.599 CHALLENGING, AND NOW THEY'VE GOTTEN A DOSE OF THAT IN A SAFE, 05:53.666 --> 05:57.299 POSITIVE ENVIRONMENT. >> UNLIKE OPERATIONS IN TERMINAL 05:57.367 --> 06:00.532 LABS WHERE SUBJECTS ARE EVENTUALLY EUTHANIZED, 06:00.600 --> 06:04.866 THE SynDaver CANINE CAN BE USED REPEATEDLY WITHOUT HARM. 06:04.933 --> 06:09.932 >> THERE ARE STILL QUITE A FEW VET PROGRAMS IN THE WORLD, 06:10.000 --> 06:14.265 MOSTLY OUTSIDE THE U.S. NOW, THAT STILL USE LIVE CANINES. 06:14.333 --> 06:16.199 WITH THIS PRODUCT, WE'LL BE ABLE TO PUT A STOP TO 06:16.266 --> 06:19.032 THAT ALTOGETHER. >> AND THERE ARE HEALTH BENEFITS 06:19.100 --> 06:23.832 FOR HUMANS, TOO. >> UNLIKE ANY KIND OF CADAVER 06:23.900 --> 06:27.165 PRODUCT, YOU DON'T HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT BIOHAZARDS. 06:27.233 --> 06:29.799 YOU DON'T HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT THE CARCINOGENS, THE 06:29.867 --> 06:34.299 FORMALDEHYDE, AND THE COPD AND EFFECTS THAT INSTRUCTORS SEE 06:34.367 --> 06:37.232 AFTER LONG EXPOSURE TO THAT. PLUS YOU GET THAT LIVE TISSUE 06:37.300 --> 06:40.199 EXPERIENCE. >> THE SynDaver CANINE'S 06:40.266 --> 06:43.065 FUTURE SEEMS BRIGHT, AND ITS EVOLUTION IS ALREADY 06:43.133 --> 06:47.065 BEING DISCUSSED. >> NOW WE'RE TALKING ABOUT DOING 06:47.133 --> 06:51.265 REALLY CHALLENGING THINGS LIKE MASSES AND COMPLICATED SURGERIES 06:51.333 --> 06:54.466 THAT EVEN SPECIALISTS WILL HAVE TO KIND OF LEARN, OR IF YOU 06:54.533 --> 06:57.866 WOULD LIKE TO EXPERIENCE, WE CAN DO THEM ON THIS PLATFORM. 06:57.933 --> 07:00.565 SO IT'S JUST KIND OF BUILDING ON THIS AND KIND OF MAKING IT MORE 07:00.633 --> 07:04.032 CHALLENGING, CREATING THAT PERFECT SCENARIO. 07:04.100 --> 07:07.099 >> ALL THE POTENTIAL IN THE WORLD IS HERE, AND IT WILL BE AN 07:07.166 --> 07:10.665 ONGOING RELATIONSHIP, AND, YOU KNOW, AS NEW CLINICAL 07:10.733 --> 07:13.199 SCENARIOS COME UP THAT WE WANT TO RE-CREATE, WE HAVE THE 07:13.266 --> 07:15.732 POTENTIAL TO ALTER THE MODEL A BIT TO MAKE IT SUIT THAT 07:15.800 --> 07:18.132 APPLICATION. SO I THINK THAT IS THE GREAT 07:18.200 --> 07:21.332 THING. WE CAN GO WHEREVER WE WANT.