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>> WELCOME TO "WEDU QUEST." 
I'M DR. SHANNON McQUAIG.

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CADAVERS HAVE BEEN USED FOR 
CENTURIES TO BETTER UNDERSTAND

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HUMAN ANATOMY AND TRAIN DOCTORS 
AND OTHER MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS.

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HOWEVER, THE USE OF CADAVERS HAS 
LIMITATIONS.

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THEY ARE DIFFICULT TO STORE AND 
MAINTAIN.

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SYNTHETIC CADAVERS WERE NEVER OF 
ACCEPTABLE QUALITY UNTIL NOW.

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>> AT FIRST GLANCE, THESE HUMANS 
SPLAYED OUT ON MEDICAL TABLES

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ARE A LITTLE UNNERVING, BUT THEY 
ARE ACTUALLY JUST CONVINCING

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SYNTHETIC MODELS DEVELOPED BY 
SynDaver LABS.

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>> SynDaver GOT ITS START AS A 
BASIC SCIENTIST COMPANY.

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AND WHAT UNDERLIES ALL OF OUR 
TECHNOLOGY IS LIVE TISSUE

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TESTING. 
SO WE PERFORM SOME KIND OF

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PHYSICAL TEST ON A LIVE TISSUE 
AND THEN WE DEVELOP AN ANALOGUE

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TO MIMIC THOSE PROPERTIES. 
>> CHRISTOPHER SAKEZLES USED HIS

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TRAINING IN POLYMER SCIENCE TO 
CREATE THESE ANATOMICAL MODELS.

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>> WE MAKE EVERYTHING OUT OF 
WATER, SALTS, AND FIBERS SO THAT

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WE CAN MIMIC BOTH MECHANICAL 
PROPERTIES AND PHYSICAL

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PROPERTIES, LIKE THERMAL 
CONNECTIVITY, DIELECTRIC

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PROPERTIES SO WE CAN GET PROPER 
HEATING IN AN MRI COIL.

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>> AT THE SynDaver LAB, 
TECHNICIANS WORK ON CREATING

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ANYTHING FROM BODY PARTS TO 
DETAILED ANATOMICAL HUMANS

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THAT BLEED. 
THEY CAN EVEN EXHIBIT SHOCK FOR

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REAL-LIFE TRAINING EXPERIENCE. 
THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF

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THESE SynDavers TAKES IN EVERY 
SCIENTIFIC ANGLE IN ANATOMY.

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>> EVEN THE SIMPLEST PART IN OUR 
PRODUCTS THAT YOU MIGHT LOOK AT

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AND THINK THAT THEY ARE SIMPLE, 
SOMETHING -- RADIAL ARTERY.

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YOU START OUT WITH A REAL RADIAL 
ARTERY AND YOU CAN RUN THAT

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THROUGH A BATTERY OF TESTS THAT 
MIGHT INCLUDE THE RESISTANCE TO

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PUNCTURE THROUGH THE VESSEL. 
SPEAKING STRICTLY MECHANICALLY,

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USE SOMETHING CALLED FINITE 
ELEMENT ANALYSIS TO MODEL THAT

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PART AND THE SURROUNDING PARTS 
TO CREATE A MODEL THAT'S GOING

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TO PERFORM LIKE THE REAL THING. 
AND AT THE END OF THE DAY,

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THAT'S WHAT WE WANT TO DO. 
>> THE COMPANY HAS BEEN MAKING

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SYNTHETIC HUMAN CADAVERS FOR 
ABOUT A DECADE BUT TURNED TO

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CREATING DOGS AFTER RECEIVING A 
REQUEST FROM CHRISTOPHER'S

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ALMA MATER. 
>> THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 
IS OUR PARTNER.

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THEY APPROACHED US ABOUT THIS 
TIME LAST YEAR WANTING TO CREATE

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SOMETHING SYNTHETIC THAT THEY 
COULD USE TO REPLACE BOTH LIVE

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ANIMALS AND ANIMAL CADAVERS ON 
THE CANINE SIDE.

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>> FOR ETHICAL REASONS, 
THE UNIVERSITY STOPPED USING

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LIVE ANIMALS DURING SURGICAL 
TRAINING BUT USING REAL CADAVERS

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PROVED CHALLENGING. 
>> THE PROPERTIES OF THE TISSUE

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CHANGE IMMEDIATELY AFTER DEATH, 
MUCH MORE RADICALLY ONCE YOU

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FREEZE THEM, AND CERTAINLY AFTER 
PRESERVING THEM.

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WHEN YOU USE A BAD MODEL LIKE 
THAT YOU GET SOMETHING CALLED

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NEGATIVE TRAINING TRANSFER. 
THAT SIMPLY MEANS THAT YOU'RE

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TRAINING YOUR STUDENTS HOW TO DO 
THINGS WRONG.

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YOU'RE TEACHING THEM 
INCORRECTLY.

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SO WHAT WE'VE DONE IS CREATED A 
SYNTHETIC FOR THEIR APPLICATION

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THAT MIMICS LIVE TISSUE BETTER 
THAN THE DOG CADAVERS DO.

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>> THE SynDaver CANINE'S 
STRIKINGLY LIFELIKE COMPONENTS

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HELP ENSURE A PRODUCTIVE 
TRAINING EXPERIENCE FOR

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STUDENTS. 
>> I WANT SOMETHING THAT WAS SO

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REALISTIC THAT IT WOULD GIVE THE 
SAME EXPERIENCE AS IF YOU WERE

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TO DO SURGERY ON A LIVE ANIMAL. 
>> DR. DAVID DANIELSON,

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THE VETERINARY TECHNICAL VP AT 
SynDaver, IS PASSIONATE ABOUT

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THE DETAILS. 
>> TEXTURALLY, WE WANTED THE

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SKIN TO BEHAVE PROPERLY SO YOU 
CAN CUT IT AND IT GIVES YOU THE

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SAME FEEL AND DEPTH OF CUT AS IT 
WOULD IF IT WAS REAL, HOW TO

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SUTURE PROPERLY SO IT HAS THE 
SAME DRAG AND PULL SO YOU CAN

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LEARN HOW TO PROPERLY CLOSE. 
AND THEN, OF COURSE, THE ASPECT

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OF SOME OF THE PATHOLOGIES 
INTERNALLY, REMOVING PART OF THE

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SPLEEN OR DOING THE BIOPSY OF 
THE LIVER OR ANY OF THAT,

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WE REALLY WANTED THOSE STUDENTS 
TO LEARN TO DO IT EXACTLY AS IF

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IT WAS ON A LIVE ANIMAL. 
>> AFTER WE CLOSE THIS LAYER IN

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A SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PATTERN, 
WE'LL COME BACK AND CLOSE THE

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MORE SUPERFICIAL ASPECT. 
>> DR. STANLEY KIM TEACHES SMALL

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ANIMAL SURGERY AT UNIVERSITY OF 
FLORIDA AND GAVE FEEDBACK DURING

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THE TWEAKING PROCESS. 
>> SynDaver ORIGINALLY CAME UP

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WITH AN EXCELLENT PROTOTYPE, BUT 
THERE WERE SOME VERY IMPORTANT

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ANATOMIC DETAILS WITHIN THE 
ABDOMEN THAT WE WANTED TO MAKE

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SURE WERE IN THERE SO WE COULD 
REALLY SIMULATE A VERY REALISTIC

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EXPERIENCE. 
AND THE FEEDBACK THAT WE

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PROVIDED TO THEM I THINK WAS 
CRITICAL FOR THEM TO DEVELOP

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THIS MODEL THAT I THINK IS A 
VERY SUITABLE REPRESENTATION OF

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A LIVE ANIMAL. 
>> SURGICAL PROFESSOR AND

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VETERINARIAN DR. BRAD CASE 
SHARES THE ENTHUSIASM FELT BY

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HIS COLLEAGUE. 
>> THE GREAT THING ABOUT THIS IS

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WE NOW HAVE A MODEL THAT WE'VE 
COMPLETELY ELIMINATED THE

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ETHICAL CONCERNS. 
AND WE'VE GOT A VERY ACCURATE,

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AT LEAST THE MOST ACCURATE MODEL 
THAT I'VE EVER SEEN, IN REGARDS

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TO TISSUE TEXTURE, VASCULAR 
ANATOMY.

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SO NOW THESE STUDENTS GET A 
REAL-LIFE EXPERIENCE.

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>> AND THE SynDaver CANINE'S 
MOST GRUESOME ELEMENT APPEARS TO

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BE ONE OF ITS MOST CRUCIAL FOR 
ACCURATE SURGICAL PRACTICE.

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>> I THINK ONE OF THE BIGGEST 
BENEFITS, HONESTLY, IS THE

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BLEEDING AND SEEING THE BLEEDING 
BECAUSE WITH THE CADAVERS,

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YOU DON'T GET A LOT OF THAT. 
AND IN REAL LIFE WITH THE

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ANIMALS THAT WE'RE GOING TO BE 
WORKING ON IN THE FUTURE, THEY

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ARE GOING TO BLEED, AND IT MAKES 
THINGS A LITTLE BIT HARDER AND

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MORE CHALLENGING. 
>> WE HAD A NUMBER OF THEM

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DISCOVER THAT THEIR LIGATURES 
WEREN'T TIGHT ENOUGH, AND THEN

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THEY HAD A BLEEDING VESSEL, 
AND THEY HAD TO DEAL WITH THAT,

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AND THEY CAN HEAR THE HEART RATE 
IN THE BACKGROUND.

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THEY CAN PALPATE THE PULSING 
VESSEL.

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THEY CAN APPLY DIGITAL PRESSURE 
TO CAUSE TEMPORARY HEMOSTASIS

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AND TROUBLESHOOT HOW TO DEAL 
WITH IT.

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SO I THINK THAT IS AN ASPECT OF 
SURGERY WHICH IS STRESSFUL AND

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CHALLENGING, AND NOW THEY'VE 
GOTTEN A DOSE OF THAT IN A SAFE,

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POSITIVE ENVIRONMENT. 
>> UNLIKE OPERATIONS IN TERMINAL

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LABS WHERE SUBJECTS ARE 
EVENTUALLY EUTHANIZED,

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THE SynDaver CANINE CAN BE 
USED REPEATEDLY WITHOUT HARM.

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>> THERE ARE STILL QUITE A FEW 
VET PROGRAMS IN THE WORLD,

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MOSTLY OUTSIDE THE U.S. NOW, 
THAT STILL USE LIVE CANINES.

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WITH THIS PRODUCT, WE'LL 
BE ABLE TO PUT A STOP TO

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THAT ALTOGETHER. 
>> AND THERE ARE HEALTH BENEFITS

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FOR HUMANS, TOO. 
>> UNLIKE ANY KIND OF CADAVER

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PRODUCT, YOU DON'T HAVE TO WORRY 
ABOUT BIOHAZARDS.

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YOU DON'T HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT 
THE CARCINOGENS, THE

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FORMALDEHYDE, AND THE COPD AND 
EFFECTS THAT INSTRUCTORS SEE

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AFTER LONG EXPOSURE TO THAT. 
PLUS YOU GET THAT LIVE TISSUE

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EXPERIENCE. 
>> THE SynDaver CANINE'S

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FUTURE SEEMS BRIGHT, 
AND ITS EVOLUTION IS ALREADY

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BEING DISCUSSED. 
>> NOW WE'RE TALKING ABOUT DOING

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REALLY CHALLENGING THINGS LIKE 
MASSES AND COMPLICATED SURGERIES

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THAT EVEN SPECIALISTS WILL HAVE 
TO KIND OF LEARN, OR IF YOU

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WOULD LIKE TO EXPERIENCE, WE CAN 
DO THEM ON THIS PLATFORM.

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SO IT'S JUST KIND OF BUILDING ON 
THIS AND KIND OF MAKING IT MORE

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CHALLENGING, CREATING THAT 
PERFECT SCENARIO.

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>> ALL THE POTENTIAL IN THE 
WORLD IS HERE, AND IT WILL BE AN

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ONGOING RELATIONSHIP, AND, 
YOU KNOW, AS NEW CLINICAL

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SCENARIOS COME UP THAT WE WANT 
TO RE-CREATE, WE HAVE THE

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POTENTIAL TO ALTER THE MODEL A 
BIT TO MAKE IT SUIT THAT

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APPLICATION. 
SO I THINK THAT IS THE GREAT

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THING. 
WE CAN GO WHEREVER WE WANT.