1 00:00:04,767 --> 00:00:05,799 THIS SPECIAL PRESENTATION 2 00:00:05,801 --> 00:00:07,165 WAS PRODUCED IN HIGH 3 00:00:07,167 --> 00:00:08,365 DEFINITION BY WEDU -- TAMPA, 4 00:00:08,367 --> 00:00:11,231 ST. PETERSBURG, SARASOTA. 5 00:00:11,233 --> 00:00:13,066 HELIOS EDUCATION 6 00:00:13,068 --> 00:00:14,365 FOUNDATION, CELEBRATING TEN 7 00:00:14,367 --> 00:00:16,165 YEARS OF CHANGING LIVES 8 00:00:16,167 --> 00:00:17,832 THROUGH EDUCATION IN ARIZONA 9 00:00:17,834 --> 00:00:19,698 AND FLORIDA, IS PROUD TO 10 00:00:19,700 --> 00:00:22,165 SUPPORT "WEDU QUEST." 11 00:00:22,167 --> 00:00:23,232 YOU CAN LEARN MORE AT 12 00:00:23,234 --> 00:00:27,132 HELIOS.ORG. 13 00:00:27,134 --> 00:00:28,265 ON THIS EPISODE OF 14 00:00:28,267 --> 00:00:29,833 "WEDU QUEST," 15 00:00:29,835 --> 00:00:31,099 A PARACHUTE FOR PEOPLE 16 00:00:31,101 --> 00:00:32,665 WITH CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE. 17 00:00:32,667 --> 00:00:34,065 WHEN I FOUND OUT I HAD 18 00:00:34,067 --> 00:00:35,465 CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE AND I 19 00:00:35,467 --> 00:00:37,199 FOUND OUT JUST HOW BAD THE 20 00:00:37,201 --> 00:00:38,332 HEART ATTACK REALLY WAS, I 21 00:00:38,334 --> 00:00:42,065 LOST A LOT OF HOPE. 22 00:00:42,067 --> 00:00:43,099 SENIORS TAKE CHARGE OF 23 00:00:43,101 --> 00:00:45,132 TECHNOLOGY. 24 00:00:45,134 --> 00:00:46,233 WHAT WE'RE REALLY TRYING TO 25 00:00:46,235 --> 00:00:46,766 DO IS CHANGE THE WAY THAT WE 26 00:00:46,768 --> 00:00:48,231 AGE. 27 00:00:48,233 --> 00:00:49,398 AND SO WE ADOPTED THIS SLOGAN 28 00:00:49,400 --> 00:00:50,799 CALLED "AGING WITH ATTITUDE." 29 00:00:50,801 --> 00:00:53,198 A SWIM WITH SALAMANDERS. 30 00:00:53,200 --> 00:00:54,331 BIG IMPACT RIGHT HERE AT HOME. 31 00:00:54,333 --> 00:00:55,766 AND HOW YOUNG CHILDREN 32 00:00:55,768 --> 00:00:58,065 LEARN BEST. 33 00:00:58,067 --> 00:00:59,765 TO HAVE FULL LEARNING, YOU 34 00:00:59,767 --> 00:01:01,499 MUST BE ABLE TO INTERACT, AND 35 00:01:01,501 --> 00:01:02,832 INTERACTION REQUIRES SOCIAL 36 00:01:02,834 --> 00:01:04,099 AND EMOTIONAL COMPETENCE. 37 00:01:05,833 --> 00:01:14,666 ♪ 38 00:01:14,668 --> 00:01:16,365 WELCOME TO "WEDU QUEST." 39 00:01:16,367 --> 00:01:18,665 I'M DR. SHANNON McQUAIG. 40 00:01:18,667 --> 00:01:20,133 A UNIQUE DEVICE THAT IS 41 00:01:20,135 --> 00:01:21,365 CURRENTLY UNDER CLINICAL 42 00:01:21,367 --> 00:01:22,332 TRIALS HAS SHOWN GREAT PROMISE 43 00:01:22,334 --> 00:01:23,465 TO HELP SOME PEOPLE WITH 44 00:01:23,467 --> 00:01:24,732 CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE. 45 00:01:24,734 --> 00:01:25,999 ONE OF THE TRIAL'S 46 00:01:26,001 --> 00:01:26,966 PARTICIPANTS IS RICHARD 47 00:01:26,968 --> 00:01:28,398 MURPHY. 48 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:29,332 AS A YOUNG MAN, HE SERVED HIS 49 00:01:29,334 --> 00:01:30,532 COUNTRY AS A PARATROOPER. 50 00:01:30,534 --> 00:01:32,032 BY AGE 40, HE FOUND HIMSELF IN 51 00:01:32,034 --> 00:01:33,032 CIRCUMSTANCES WITH LITTLE 52 00:01:33,034 --> 00:01:34,766 HOPE. 53 00:01:37,466 --> 00:01:38,233 JUST OUT OF HIGH SCHOOL I 54 00:01:38,235 --> 00:01:39,933 JOINED THE ARMY. 55 00:01:39,935 --> 00:01:40,932 I WAS A PARATROOPER, AND I 56 00:01:40,934 --> 00:01:44,799 SERVED IN THE GULF WAR. 57 00:01:44,801 --> 00:01:46,498 EVERY TIME A PARATROOPER JUMPS 58 00:01:46,500 --> 00:01:47,832 OUT OF AN AIRPLANE, THEY ARE 59 00:01:47,834 --> 00:01:48,899 COUNTING ON THEIR PARACHUTE TO 60 00:01:48,901 --> 00:01:51,766 OPEN, SAVE THEIR LIFE. 61 00:01:51,768 --> 00:01:53,532 AND IT DID ON NUMEROUS 62 00:01:53,534 --> 00:01:54,499 OCCASIONS, AND I'M QUITE PROUD 63 00:01:54,501 --> 00:01:57,866 OF THAT. 64 00:01:57,868 --> 00:01:58,765 AT AGE 40, RICHARD'S LIFE 65 00:01:58,767 --> 00:02:01,165 WAS GREAT. 66 00:02:01,167 --> 00:02:02,399 NO LONGER SERVING IN THE ARMY, 67 00:02:02,401 --> 00:02:03,966 HE WAS RUNNING A NEW BUSINESS 68 00:02:03,968 --> 00:02:04,732 AND RECENTLY HAD BECOME 69 00:02:04,734 --> 00:02:06,399 ENGAGED. 70 00:02:06,401 --> 00:02:08,132 IT WAS EARLY OCTOBER. 71 00:02:08,134 --> 00:02:09,399 IT WAS BEAUTIFUL OUTSIDE. 72 00:02:09,401 --> 00:02:10,765 THE LEAVES WERE CHANGING. 73 00:02:10,767 --> 00:02:11,933 WE WERE IN LOVE. 74 00:02:11,935 --> 00:02:13,498 HAD JUST GOTTEN ENGAGED. 75 00:02:13,500 --> 00:02:14,933 HE WAS ABOUT A YEAR INTO HIS 76 00:02:14,935 --> 00:02:15,699 NEW BUSINESS, AND THINGS WERE 77 00:02:15,701 --> 00:02:17,199 VERY EXCITING. 78 00:02:17,201 --> 00:02:18,132 AND THEN -- 79 00:02:18,134 --> 00:02:21,265 [ OMINOUS MUSIC ] 80 00:02:21,267 --> 00:02:23,332 I STARTED TO SWEAT. 81 00:02:23,334 --> 00:02:24,065 I HAD REALLY TIGHT CHEST 82 00:02:24,067 --> 00:02:28,033 PAINS. 83 00:02:28,035 --> 00:02:30,265 HIS HEART BLOCKED UP 100%, 84 00:02:30,267 --> 00:02:31,465 HIS LAD, WHICH IS THE MAIN 85 00:02:31,467 --> 00:02:34,665 ARTERY IN THE LEFT VENTRICLE. 86 00:02:34,667 --> 00:02:36,032 THE NEXT THING THAT I 87 00:02:36,034 --> 00:02:37,232 REMEMBER IS WAKING UP IN THE 88 00:02:37,234 --> 00:02:38,399 HOSPITAL WITH A DOCTOR 89 00:02:38,401 --> 00:02:39,332 YELLING, "MR. MURPHY, 90 00:02:39,334 --> 00:02:41,132 MR. MURPHY, DO YOU 91 00:02:41,134 --> 00:02:43,398 KNOW WHERE YOU ARE?" 92 00:02:43,400 --> 00:02:45,265 WHEN I FOUND OUT I HAD 93 00:02:45,267 --> 00:02:46,833 CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE AND I 94 00:02:46,835 --> 00:02:48,099 FOUND OUT JUST HOW BAD THE 95 00:02:48,101 --> 00:02:49,598 HEART ATTACK REALLY WAS, I 96 00:02:49,600 --> 00:02:54,432 LOST A LOT OF HOPE. 97 00:02:54,434 --> 00:02:56,298 I SPENT NIGHT AND DAY FOR 98 00:02:56,300 --> 00:02:58,266 ALMOST A YEAR, I THINK, 99 00:02:58,268 --> 00:03:02,398 RESEARCHING, SENDING E-MAILS 100 00:03:02,400 --> 00:03:04,465 TO DIFFERENT CLINICAL TRIALS. 101 00:03:04,467 --> 00:03:06,466 AND THEN FINALLY FOUND THE 102 00:03:06,468 --> 00:03:07,233 PARACHUTE TRIAL AT FLORIDA 103 00:03:07,235 --> 00:03:11,366 HOSPITAL PEPIN. 104 00:03:11,368 --> 00:03:12,665 HE WAS EVALUATED BY 105 00:03:12,667 --> 00:03:14,532 DR. CHARLES LAMBERT, THE 106 00:03:14,534 --> 00:03:15,966 MEDICAL DIRECTOR AT THE PEPIN 107 00:03:15,968 --> 00:03:17,565 HEART INSTITUTE AT FLORIDA 108 00:03:17,567 --> 00:03:19,799 HOSPITAL IN TAMPA. 109 00:03:19,801 --> 00:03:21,432 RICHARD WAS A PERFECT 110 00:03:21,434 --> 00:03:22,099 CANDIDATE FOR THIS TYPE OF 111 00:03:22,101 --> 00:03:23,499 THERAPY. 112 00:03:23,501 --> 00:03:25,032 VERY, VERY POOR VENTRICULAR 113 00:03:25,034 --> 00:03:26,699 FUNCTION AND VERY LIMITED IN 114 00:03:26,701 --> 00:03:29,298 WHAT HE COULD DO. 115 00:03:29,300 --> 00:03:30,532 DR. LAMBERT DETERMINED THAT 116 00:03:30,534 --> 00:03:31,632 RICHARD COULD BENEFIT FROM THE 117 00:03:31,634 --> 00:03:34,032 PARACHUTE IMPLANT, A NEW 118 00:03:34,034 --> 00:03:35,732 DEVICE FROM CARDIOKINETIX, 119 00:03:35,734 --> 00:03:36,999 THAT IS CURRENTLY GOING 120 00:03:37,001 --> 00:03:39,198 THROUGH CLINICAL TRIALS. 121 00:03:39,200 --> 00:03:40,799 THE PARACHUTE TRIAL 122 00:03:40,801 --> 00:03:41,799 INVOLVES AN IMPLANTABLE 123 00:03:41,801 --> 00:03:42,966 DEVICE. 124 00:03:42,968 --> 00:03:44,733 IT'S VERY UNIQUE. 125 00:03:44,735 --> 00:03:45,866 THE PROCEDURE WAS DONE IN 126 00:03:45,868 --> 00:03:47,932 THE CARDIAC CATH LAB AT PEPIN. 127 00:03:47,934 --> 00:03:49,098 DR. LAMBERT EXPLAINS HOW THEY 128 00:03:49,100 --> 00:03:50,366 USE THE LATEST IMAGING 129 00:03:50,368 --> 00:03:52,032 TECHNIQUES TO GUIDE THEM 130 00:03:52,034 --> 00:03:54,365 THROUGHOUT THE PROCEDURE. 131 00:03:54,367 --> 00:03:55,898 SO THESE IMAGES ARE 132 00:03:55,900 --> 00:03:56,965 TRANSTHORACIC 133 00:03:56,967 --> 00:03:58,932 ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC IMAGES. 134 00:03:58,934 --> 00:04:00,331 ON THE LEFT SIDE OF THE SCREEN 135 00:04:00,333 --> 00:04:01,866 IS PRE-PROCEDURE. 136 00:04:01,868 --> 00:04:02,832 ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE 137 00:04:02,834 --> 00:04:04,766 SCREEN IS POST-PROCEDURE. 138 00:04:04,768 --> 00:04:06,099 THERE IS A TRANSDUCER UP AT 139 00:04:06,101 --> 00:04:08,499 THIS PART OF THE IMAGE. 140 00:04:08,501 --> 00:04:09,199 THIS CAVITY HERE IS THE LEFT 141 00:04:09,201 --> 00:04:10,932 VENTRICLE. 142 00:04:10,934 --> 00:04:12,465 THIS IS THE RIGHT VENTRICLE. 143 00:04:12,467 --> 00:04:14,298 THIS IS THE MITRAL VALVE. 144 00:04:14,300 --> 00:04:16,132 THIS IS THE TRICUSPID VALVE. 145 00:04:16,134 --> 00:04:17,466 YOU CAN SEE IN THE 146 00:04:17,468 --> 00:04:19,531 PRE-PROCEDURE IMAGE, THIS 147 00:04:19,533 --> 00:04:21,999 PARTICULAR PATIENT'S HEART IS 148 00:04:22,001 --> 00:04:22,431 NOT REALLY CONTRACTING WELL AT 149 00:04:22,433 --> 00:04:24,732 ALL. 150 00:04:24,734 --> 00:04:25,932 AFTER EVALUATING THE 151 00:04:25,934 --> 00:04:27,498 HEART'S EFFICIENCY, THEY USE 152 00:04:27,500 --> 00:04:29,599 THE CINEANGIOGRAM, OR X-RAY 153 00:04:29,601 --> 00:04:31,532 MOVIES, TO GUIDE THEM TO 154 00:04:31,534 --> 00:04:32,200 IMPLANT THE DEVICE IN THE LEFT 155 00:04:32,202 --> 00:04:34,332 VENTRICLE. 156 00:04:34,334 --> 00:04:36,233 THESE ARE WIRES FROM THE 157 00:04:36,235 --> 00:04:36,833 PATIENT'S DEFIBRILLATOR 158 00:04:36,835 --> 00:04:38,466 PACEMAKER. 159 00:04:38,468 --> 00:04:39,932 THIS IS THE AORTA, OR THE 160 00:04:39,934 --> 00:04:40,899 BLOOD VESSEL THAT LEADS OUT OF 161 00:04:40,901 --> 00:04:42,199 THE HEART, AND THIS IS A 162 00:04:42,201 --> 00:04:43,099 CATHETER SHAPED LIKE A LITTLE 163 00:04:43,101 --> 00:04:45,199 PIGTAIL. 164 00:04:45,201 --> 00:04:46,132 IT'S INJECTING DYE SO WE CAN 165 00:04:46,134 --> 00:04:48,199 SEE THE CHAMBER. 166 00:04:48,201 --> 00:04:49,999 AND THEN THROUGH THE LEG, A 167 00:04:50,001 --> 00:04:51,899 VERY LARGE DELIVERY SYSTEM, A 168 00:04:51,901 --> 00:04:53,999 CATHETER SYSTEM, IS BROUGHT UP 169 00:04:54,001 --> 00:04:56,532 OVER THE ARCH OF THE AORTA, 170 00:04:56,534 --> 00:04:59,133 DOWN THROUGH THE AORTIC VALVE 171 00:04:59,135 --> 00:05:00,165 INTO THE VERY END OF THE LEFT 172 00:05:00,167 --> 00:05:01,665 VENTRICLE. 173 00:05:01,667 --> 00:05:03,466 ANIMATION PROVIDED BY 174 00:05:03,468 --> 00:05:05,466 CARDIOKINETIX SHOWS A CATHETER 175 00:05:05,468 --> 00:05:06,898 SYSTEM WHERE THE END OF THE 176 00:05:06,900 --> 00:05:08,965 DEVICE IS PLACED AT THE APEX, 177 00:05:08,967 --> 00:05:10,099 OR BOTTOM, OF THE LEFT 178 00:05:10,101 --> 00:05:11,733 VENTRICLE. 179 00:05:11,735 --> 00:05:13,165 AND ONCE WE'RE SURE THAT 180 00:05:13,167 --> 00:05:14,498 WE'RE IN EXACTLY THE RIGHT 181 00:05:14,500 --> 00:05:16,498 SPOT DOWN HERE, WE START TO 182 00:05:16,500 --> 00:05:19,765 WITHDRAW THE SHEATH, THE BIG 183 00:05:19,767 --> 00:05:20,699 CATHETER, A LITTLE BIT AT A 184 00:05:20,701 --> 00:05:23,699 TIME UNTIL THE DEVICE IS 185 00:05:23,701 --> 00:05:26,965 RELEASED. 186 00:05:26,967 --> 00:05:29,198 YOU CAN SEE HERE, AND THERE IS 187 00:05:29,200 --> 00:05:30,331 A BALLOON THAT'S INSIDE OF 188 00:05:30,333 --> 00:05:31,465 THAT DEVICE, AND WHEN IT'S 189 00:05:31,467 --> 00:05:33,365 UNSHEATHED AND THE TINES CAN 190 00:05:33,367 --> 00:05:34,799 GO OUT, THE BALLOON IS 191 00:05:34,801 --> 00:05:36,365 INFLATED VERY, VERY QUICKLY TO 192 00:05:36,367 --> 00:05:38,999 MAKE SURE THAT THE TINES 193 00:05:39,001 --> 00:05:40,732 ACTUALLY SEAT IN THE INTERIOR 194 00:05:40,734 --> 00:05:42,966 OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE. 195 00:05:42,968 --> 00:05:44,332 THIS IS ALL DONE VERY QUICKLY 196 00:05:44,334 --> 00:05:47,199 BECAUSE, OBVIOUSLY, THIS IS 197 00:05:47,201 --> 00:05:48,999 HOLDING THE VALVE OPEN, AND WE 198 00:05:49,001 --> 00:05:50,532 WANT TO MINIMIZE THE RISK OF 199 00:05:50,534 --> 00:05:53,866 STROKE OR OTHER COMPLICATIONS. 200 00:05:53,868 --> 00:05:56,999 THE BALLOON IS THEN DEFLATED. 201 00:05:57,001 --> 00:05:57,699 REMEMBER, THERE WAS A BALLOON 202 00:05:57,701 --> 00:05:59,465 PICTURE IN HERE. 203 00:05:59,467 --> 00:06:02,399 IT'S BROUGHT BACK INTO THE 204 00:06:02,401 --> 00:06:03,932 PUT BACK DOWN OVER ITS 205 00:06:03,934 --> 00:06:06,433 ATTACHMENT SITE. 206 00:06:06,435 --> 00:06:07,799 WE TAKE A PICTURE TO MAKE SURE 207 00:06:07,801 --> 00:06:09,066 THAT THE PARACHUTE IS IN THE 208 00:06:09,068 --> 00:06:11,099 APPROPRIATE DEVICE. 209 00:06:11,101 --> 00:06:11,999 IF YOU CAN SEE, THERE IS A 210 00:06:12,001 --> 00:06:13,466 SPACE BETWEEN THE EDGE OF THE 211 00:06:13,468 --> 00:06:16,532 PARACHUTE, AND IF YOU LOOK 212 00:06:16,534 --> 00:06:18,331 RIGHT HERE WHERE THERE'S DYE, 213 00:06:18,333 --> 00:06:20,798 WHERE THE LEFT VENTRICLE IS, A 214 00:06:20,800 --> 00:06:21,932 LITTLE BIT OF DYE CREEPS IN 215 00:06:21,934 --> 00:06:22,698 THERE AND OVER TIME THAT GOES 216 00:06:22,700 --> 00:06:24,999 AWAY. 217 00:06:25,001 --> 00:06:26,566 IT FILLS UP WITH CLOT AND A 218 00:06:26,568 --> 00:06:28,966 FORMATION. 219 00:06:28,968 --> 00:06:30,098 THAT'S REALLY THE VOLUME OF 220 00:06:30,100 --> 00:06:31,099 THE LEFT VENTRICLE WHICH IS 221 00:06:31,101 --> 00:06:34,966 EXCLUDED BY THE DEVICE. 222 00:06:34,968 --> 00:06:35,866 AT THE END OF THE PROCEDURE, 223 00:06:35,868 --> 00:06:37,165 WE TAKE A PICTURE OF THE 224 00:06:37,167 --> 00:06:40,298 ARTERY THAT WAS USED TO 225 00:06:40,300 --> 00:06:42,732 INTRODUCE THE WHOLE SYSTEM UP, 226 00:06:42,734 --> 00:06:44,199 AND WE CLOSE THAT OFF, AND 227 00:06:44,201 --> 00:06:46,632 PROCEDURE. 228 00:06:46,634 --> 00:06:48,532 AFTER THE PROCEDURE, 229 00:06:48,534 --> 00:06:50,299 DR. LAMBERT TAKES ANOTHER LOOK 230 00:06:50,301 --> 00:06:51,933 USING THE ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC 231 00:06:51,935 --> 00:06:53,366 IMAGES TO EVALUATE THE HEART'S 232 00:06:53,368 --> 00:06:56,233 FUNCTION WITH THE NEW DEVICE. 233 00:06:56,235 --> 00:06:57,532 NOW, THE BASIC FUNCTION OF 234 00:06:57,534 --> 00:06:59,032 THE HEART HASN'T CHANGED, BUT 235 00:06:59,034 --> 00:07:01,299 WHAT THE DEVICE HAS DONE 236 00:07:01,301 --> 00:07:02,966 FUNCTIONALLY IS EXCLUDED THIS 237 00:07:02,968 --> 00:07:05,532 WHOLE PORTION OF THE LEFT 238 00:07:05,534 --> 00:07:07,532 VENTRICULAR APEX, SO THAT IS A 239 00:07:07,534 --> 00:07:10,198 DEAD VOLUME WHICH NOW BLOOD IS 240 00:07:10,200 --> 00:07:11,099 ACTUALLY NOT GETTING TO IT 241 00:07:11,101 --> 00:07:13,099 ANYMORE. 242 00:07:13,101 --> 00:07:15,465 IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE 243 00:07:15,467 --> 00:07:16,165 PROCEDURE, I WAS SITTING IN MY 244 00:07:16,167 --> 00:07:20,965 HOSPITAL ROOM. 245 00:07:20,967 --> 00:07:22,966 FUSS, AND I COULD TAKE A DEEP 246 00:07:22,968 --> 00:07:24,066 BREATH FOR THE FIRST TIME IN 247 00:07:24,068 --> 00:07:25,733 TWO YEARS. 248 00:07:25,735 --> 00:07:27,231 SO I NOTICED THE RESULTS 249 00:07:27,233 --> 00:07:28,732 IMMEDIATELY. 250 00:07:28,734 --> 00:07:30,833 HE REALLY FELT BETTER. 251 00:07:30,835 --> 00:07:32,832 GOT UP, JUST ABOUT RAN OUT OF 252 00:07:32,834 --> 00:07:34,832 THE HOSPITAL. 253 00:07:34,834 --> 00:07:35,598 SO PERFECT PATIENT, PERFECT 254 00:07:35,600 --> 00:07:37,232 OUTCOME. 255 00:07:37,234 --> 00:07:38,066 IT WOULD BE NICE IF EVERYBODY 256 00:07:38,068 --> 00:07:40,365 WAS THAT PERFECT. 257 00:07:40,367 --> 00:07:42,899 WE WENT FROM NOT KNOWING 258 00:07:42,901 --> 00:07:44,699 WHAT THE FUTURE HELD TO BEING 259 00:07:44,701 --> 00:07:46,365 PRETTY GRIM, AND NOW OUR 260 00:07:46,367 --> 00:07:48,966 FUTURE IS SO EXCITING. 261 00:07:48,968 --> 00:07:50,432 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IS 262 00:07:50,434 --> 00:07:51,699 THE NUMBER ONE CAUSE OF DEATH 263 00:07:51,701 --> 00:07:54,299 IN THE UNITED STATES. 264 00:07:54,301 --> 00:07:55,465 IF THERE ARE FIVE TO SIX 265 00:07:55,467 --> 00:07:58,332 HUNDRED THOUSAND NEW HEART 266 00:07:58,334 --> 00:07:58,899 ATTACKS EVERY YEAR, IT'S A BIG 267 00:07:58,901 --> 00:08:00,899 PROBLEM. 268 00:08:00,901 --> 00:08:03,033 BUT A LOT OF PATIENTS, THERE 269 00:08:03,035 --> 00:08:04,465 IS NO OPTION FOR. 270 00:08:04,467 --> 00:08:08,099 SO IT'S A LOT OF POTENTIAL 271 00:08:08,101 --> 00:08:09,199 PATIENTS WITH POTENTIALLY A 272 00:08:09,201 --> 00:08:10,032 GREAT BENEFIT FOR THEM. 273 00:08:10,034 --> 00:08:11,166 AND THE BENEFITS FOR 274 00:08:11,168 --> 00:08:12,699 RICHARD AND ALLISON JUST 275 00:08:12,701 --> 00:08:14,266 INCREASED BY ONE. 276 00:08:14,268 --> 00:08:15,765 WELL, AFTER ALL THE 277 00:08:15,767 --> 00:08:18,432 MIRACLES THAT WE'VE ALREADY 278 00:08:18,434 --> 00:08:19,232 BEEN PROVIDED, WE'RE HAVING 279 00:08:19,234 --> 00:08:20,932 ANOTHER MIRACLE. 280 00:08:20,934 --> 00:08:22,532 MY WIFE IS PREGNANT. 281 00:08:22,534 --> 00:08:24,033 WE'RE EXPECTING A LITTLE GIRL. 282 00:08:24,035 --> 00:08:25,231 WE'VE BEEN GETTING HER 283 00:08:25,233 --> 00:08:27,066 FURNITURE PUT TOGETHER. 284 00:08:27,068 --> 00:08:29,033 WE HAVE A CLOSET FULL OF 285 00:08:29,035 --> 00:08:31,498 CLOTHES THAT HONESTLY WE JUST 286 00:08:31,500 --> 00:08:32,498 GO IN AND PLAY WITH AND LOOK 287 00:08:32,500 --> 00:08:34,032 AT ALL OF IT. 288 00:08:34,034 --> 00:08:39,199 WE'RE VERY EXCITED ABOUT HER. 289 00:08:39,201 --> 00:08:40,866 YEAH, IT'S PRETTY AMAZING 290 00:08:40,868 --> 00:08:44,298 THAT 20 YEARS AFTER BEING A 291 00:08:44,300 --> 00:08:46,465 PARATROOPER THAT I WOULD NEED 292 00:08:46,467 --> 00:08:47,933 ANOTHER PARACHUTE INSIDE OF MY 293 00:08:47,935 --> 00:08:54,665 HEART TO SAVE MY LIFE. 294 00:08:54,667 --> 00:08:55,999 TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THE 295 00:08:56,001 --> 00:08:56,999 PARACHUTE TRIAL, VISIT 296 00:08:57,001 --> 00:09:03,366 CardioKinetix.com. 297 00:09:03,368 --> 00:09:05,299 > WHO SAYS SENIORS CAN'T 298 00:09:05,301 --> 00:09:06,999 CROSS THE DIGITAL DIVIDE? 299 00:09:07,001 --> 00:09:08,532 ACCORDING TO A RECENT STUDY, 300 00:09:08,534 --> 00:09:11,466 59% OF AMERICANS OVER 65 USE A 301 00:09:11,468 --> 00:09:12,399 SOCIAL NETWORKING SITE EVERY 302 00:09:12,401 --> 00:09:14,532 DAY. 303 00:09:14,534 --> 00:09:15,832 NOW ONE PROGRAM, THE FIRST OF 304 00:09:15,834 --> 00:09:17,399 ITS KIND IN THE NATION, IS 305 00:09:17,401 --> 00:09:18,532 MAKING TECHNOLOGY EVEN MORE 306 00:09:18,534 --> 00:09:19,632 ACCESSIBLE BY PUTTING GADGETS 307 00:09:19,634 --> 00:09:21,899 IN THE HANDS OF SENIORS. 308 00:09:21,901 --> 00:09:23,365 HERE'S A LOOK. 309 00:09:23,367 --> 00:09:24,200 YOU MIGHT CALL IT AN 310 00:09:24,202 --> 00:09:26,133 AGE-OLD BATTLE. 311 00:09:26,135 --> 00:09:27,465 WHILE SOME CROWDS ARE QUEUING 312 00:09:27,467 --> 00:09:29,033 UP TO BUY THE LATEST iPAD, 313 00:09:29,035 --> 00:09:30,466 HERE AT THE SENIOR PLANET 314 00:09:30,468 --> 00:09:32,166 EXPLORATION CENTER IN CHELSEA, 315 00:09:32,168 --> 00:09:33,399 OTHERS ARE WAITING IN LINE TO 316 00:09:33,401 --> 00:09:35,298 LEARN HOW TO USE THEM. 317 00:09:35,300 --> 00:09:36,098 THERE IS A BUTTON ON THE 318 00:09:36,100 --> 00:09:38,732 TOP RIGHT HERE. 319 00:09:38,734 --> 00:09:39,799 IT'S A LITTLE PIECE OF 320 00:09:39,801 --> 00:09:40,832 PLASTIC. 321 00:09:40,834 --> 00:09:41,698 I'LL COME AROUND AND SHOW YOU. 322 00:09:41,700 --> 00:09:42,465 WE'RE IN THE TECHNOLOGY 323 00:09:42,467 --> 00:09:45,799 AGE, SO I'M GOING FORWARD. 324 00:09:45,801 --> 00:09:46,599 SENIOR PLANET IS THE 325 00:09:46,601 --> 00:09:48,232 NATION'S FIRST 326 00:09:48,234 --> 00:09:49,333 TECHNOLOGY-THEMED COMMUNITY 327 00:09:49,335 --> 00:09:50,365 CENTER FOR PEOPLE OVER 60. 328 00:09:50,367 --> 00:09:52,866 SINCE OPENING IN MARCH, 329 00:09:52,868 --> 00:09:54,365 HUNDREDS OF SENIORS HAVE 330 00:09:54,367 --> 00:09:55,366 FLOCKED HERE TO MEET THE 331 00:09:55,368 --> 00:09:57,398 DIGITAL AGE HEAD ON. 332 00:09:57,400 --> 00:09:58,365 YOU REALLY DO WANT TO GIVE 333 00:09:58,367 --> 00:09:59,465 YOURSELF A LITTLE MORE TIME 334 00:09:59,467 --> 00:10:00,999 THAN WE HAVE IN THE ACTUAL 335 00:10:01,001 --> 00:10:02,499 CLASS TO WORK ON THESE SKILLS. 336 00:10:02,501 --> 00:10:03,499 WHAT WE'RE REALLY TRYING TO 337 00:10:03,501 --> 00:10:04,366 DO IS CHANGE THE WAY THAT WE 338 00:10:04,368 --> 00:10:06,199 AGE. 339 00:10:06,201 --> 00:10:07,099 SO WE ADOPTED THIS SLOGAN 340 00:10:07,101 --> 00:10:08,266 CALLED "AGING WITH ATTITUDE." 341 00:10:08,268 --> 00:10:10,065 TOM KAMBER IS THE EXECUTIVE 342 00:10:10,067 --> 00:10:11,132 DIRECTOR OF THE NEW YORK-BASED 343 00:10:11,134 --> 00:10:12,632 NONPROFIT, OLDER ADULTS 344 00:10:12,634 --> 00:10:13,499 TECHNOLOGY SERVICES, OR 345 00:10:13,501 --> 00:10:15,532 O.A.T.S. 346 00:10:15,534 --> 00:10:17,265 IN MARCH 2013, KAMBER LAUNCHED 347 00:10:17,267 --> 00:10:19,099 SENIOR PLANET AS A 348 00:10:19,101 --> 00:10:20,532 PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP 349 00:10:20,534 --> 00:10:21,498 BETWEEN O.A.T.S., THE FEDERAL 350 00:10:21,500 --> 00:10:22,499 GOVERNMENT, AND THE CITY OF 351 00:10:22,501 --> 00:10:24,365 NEW YORK. 352 00:10:24,367 --> 00:10:25,499 WHAT'S HAPPENING TODAY IS 353 00:10:25,501 --> 00:10:26,365 THAT A LARGE NUMBER OF OLDER 354 00:10:26,367 --> 00:10:28,499 ADULTS WHO ARE MORE 355 00:10:28,501 --> 00:10:29,732 CHRONICALLY DISLOCATED FROM 356 00:10:29,734 --> 00:10:31,165 THE WORKFORCE ARE SLOWLY 357 00:10:31,167 --> 00:10:32,532 TRYING TO GET BACK IN. 358 00:10:32,534 --> 00:10:33,866 AND AS THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES 359 00:10:33,868 --> 00:10:35,432 ARE FALLING, THEY ARE BECOMING 360 00:10:35,434 --> 00:10:37,232 MORE ATTRACTIVE TO EMPLOYERS 361 00:10:37,234 --> 00:10:37,766 WHO REALIZE THEY SHOW UP ON 362 00:10:37,768 --> 00:10:39,033 TIME. 363 00:10:39,035 --> 00:10:39,632 THEY ARE LITERATE. 364 00:10:39,634 --> 00:10:40,799 THEY CAN WRITE. 365 00:10:40,801 --> 00:10:41,699 THEY HAVE CONTACTS IN THE 366 00:10:41,701 --> 00:10:43,266 INDUSTRIES. 367 00:10:43,268 --> 00:10:44,333 THEY'VE GOT SPECIALIZED 368 00:10:44,335 --> 00:10:45,465 TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE. 369 00:10:45,467 --> 00:10:47,465 67-YEAR-OLD BARBARA NATHAN 370 00:10:47,467 --> 00:10:49,099 HAS RETURNED TO THE WORKFORCE 371 00:10:49,101 --> 00:10:50,065 AS A FREELANCE WRITER AFTER 372 00:10:50,067 --> 00:10:50,798 MORE THAN A DECADE OF 373 00:10:50,800 --> 00:10:52,666 UNEMPLOYMENT. 374 00:10:52,668 --> 00:10:54,298 I WAS TIRED OF GOING TO 375 00:10:54,300 --> 00:10:55,232 SOCIAL SERVICE WORKERS AND 376 00:10:55,234 --> 00:10:57,499 ASKING FOR HELP. 377 00:10:57,501 --> 00:10:58,465 I WANTED TO FEEL THAT I COULD 378 00:10:58,467 --> 00:11:00,866 STILL DO SOMETHING USEFUL. 379 00:11:00,868 --> 00:11:02,099 BUT NATHAN QUICKLY FOUND 380 00:11:02,101 --> 00:11:04,099 OUT THAT TIMES HAVE CHANGED. 381 00:11:04,101 --> 00:11:04,866 I APPLIED FOR MANY JOBS ON 382 00:11:04,868 --> 00:11:06,866 MY OWN. 383 00:11:06,868 --> 00:11:08,232 I WAS TURNED DOWN EVERYWHERE, 384 00:11:08,234 --> 00:11:09,132 AND IT WAS EXTREMELY 385 00:11:09,134 --> 00:11:10,432 FRUSTRATING. 386 00:11:10,434 --> 00:11:11,499 KAMBER SAYS THAT BETWEEN A 387 00:11:11,501 --> 00:11:12,999 QUARTER TO A HALF OF SENIOR 388 00:11:13,001 --> 00:11:14,465 PLANET STUDENTS ARE SEEKING 389 00:11:14,467 --> 00:11:16,499 WORKFORCE-RELATED SKILLS. 390 00:11:16,501 --> 00:11:18,266 SO THE CENTER OFFERS A RANGE 391 00:11:18,268 --> 00:11:19,499 OF PROGRAMS, FROM LEARNING TO 392 00:11:19,501 --> 00:11:21,232 USE A MOUSE AND SEND E-MAILS, 393 00:11:21,234 --> 00:11:22,999 TO CREATING PDFs OF RESUMES 394 00:11:23,001 --> 00:11:23,698 AND SEARCHING AND APPLYING FOR 395 00:11:23,700 --> 00:11:26,099 JOBS ONLINE. 396 00:11:26,101 --> 00:11:27,365 AFTER A FIVE-WEEK SENIOR 397 00:11:27,367 --> 00:11:28,532 PLANET COURSE CALLED "JOB 398 00:11:28,534 --> 00:11:30,332 SEARCHING IN THE DIGITAL AGE," 399 00:11:30,334 --> 00:11:31,365 BARBARA NATHAN SECURED WORK ON 400 00:11:31,367 --> 00:11:33,131 THE WEB SITE ELANCE. 401 00:11:33,133 --> 00:11:34,532 I GO THROUGH, LET'S SAY, 402 00:11:34,534 --> 00:11:36,765 ABOUT FIVE TO TEN PAGES' WORTH 403 00:11:36,767 --> 00:11:39,298 OF JOBS AND SEE WHAT HAS BEEN 404 00:11:39,300 --> 00:11:40,099 POSTED THAT MIGHT BE OF 405 00:11:40,101 --> 00:11:42,332 INTEREST TO ME. 406 00:11:42,334 --> 00:11:43,966 I HAVE TO SUBMIT A BID ON WHAT 407 00:11:43,968 --> 00:11:46,199 I WOULD LIKE TO BE PAID FOR 408 00:11:46,201 --> 00:11:47,166 THE JOB WITHIN THE BUDGET 409 00:11:47,168 --> 00:11:49,933 THAT'S OFFERED. 410 00:11:49,935 --> 00:11:51,299 STILL, THE BIGGEST OBSTACLE 411 00:11:51,301 --> 00:11:52,332 FOR SENIORS ON THE JOB ISN'T 412 00:11:52,334 --> 00:11:54,532 TECHNICAL PROWESS. 413 00:11:54,534 --> 00:11:56,066 IT'S THE PREVALENT PERCEPTION 414 00:11:56,068 --> 00:11:56,532 OF OLDER ADULTS IN THE 415 00:11:56,534 --> 00:11:58,066 WORKPLACE. 416 00:11:58,068 --> 00:12:00,065 WHEN YOU PUT YOUR COLLEGE 417 00:12:00,067 --> 00:12:01,832 GRADUATION DATE ON YOUR RESUMÉ 418 00:12:01,834 --> 00:12:03,132 AND PEOPLE LOOK AND REALIZE 419 00:12:03,134 --> 00:12:04,666 YOU GRADUATED 1955, IT REALLY 420 00:12:04,668 --> 00:12:05,766 CHANGES THE WAY PEOPLE 421 00:12:05,768 --> 00:12:07,299 PERCEIVE YOU. 422 00:12:07,301 --> 00:12:10,532 THE PERCEPTIONS THAT WE HAVE 423 00:12:10,534 --> 00:12:11,899 THEY ARE NOT WILLING TO LEARN, 424 00:12:11,901 --> 00:12:12,832 THEY DON'T KNOW HOW TO USE 425 00:12:12,834 --> 00:12:13,665 TECHNOLOGY, THEY ARE 426 00:12:13,667 --> 00:12:15,265 FORGETFUL. 427 00:12:15,267 --> 00:12:16,366 KAMBER SAYS ONE WAY TO 428 00:12:16,368 --> 00:12:17,698 BATTLE PERCEPTIONS IN AGEISM 429 00:12:17,700 --> 00:12:18,899 IN THE WORKPLACE IS TO 430 00:12:18,901 --> 00:12:20,666 INCREASE CONFIDENCE. 431 00:12:20,668 --> 00:12:21,832 HERE AT SENIOR PLANET, 432 00:12:21,834 --> 00:12:23,099 COMMUNITY BUILDING, BOTH IN 433 00:12:23,101 --> 00:12:24,432 PERSON AND ONLINE, IS ONE PART 434 00:12:24,434 --> 00:12:25,732 OF BOOSTING CONFIDENCE AND 435 00:12:25,734 --> 00:12:28,199 MAKING TECHNOLOGY FUN. 436 00:12:28,201 --> 00:12:29,032 SOME SENIORS EVEN COME BACK TO 437 00:12:29,034 --> 00:12:30,532 VOLUNTEER, SHARING THEIR 438 00:12:30,534 --> 00:12:31,866 KNOWLEDGE AND CONTRIBUTING TO 439 00:12:31,868 --> 00:12:33,366 THAT COMMUNITY. 440 00:12:33,368 --> 00:12:33,999 IT'S LIKE LEARNING A DANCE 441 00:12:34,001 --> 00:12:35,365 MOVE. 442 00:12:35,367 --> 00:12:36,799 I'M AN EX-DANCER, SO IT'S LIKE 443 00:12:36,801 --> 00:12:38,465 LEARNING A NEW STEP, AND THEN 444 00:12:38,467 --> 00:12:39,265 ALL OF A SUDDEN IT CLICKS. 445 00:12:39,267 --> 00:12:43,131 AHH, I GOT IT. 446 00:12:43,133 --> 00:12:44,899 WE CAN ASK PEOPLE, WHAT DO 447 00:12:44,901 --> 00:12:47,265 WHAT ARE WE CAPABLE OF? 448 00:12:47,267 --> 00:12:48,365 SO THE COMMUNITY ASPECTS OF IT 449 00:12:48,367 --> 00:12:50,499 HAVE LED TO A BOOK CLUB. 450 00:12:50,501 --> 00:12:52,033 THERE IS A PHOTOGRAPHY GROUP 451 00:12:52,035 --> 00:12:53,298 THAT'S DOING CLASSES AND GOING 452 00:12:53,300 --> 00:12:54,265 OUT AND TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS AND 453 00:12:54,267 --> 00:12:55,999 SHARING THEM NOW ONLINE. 454 00:12:56,001 --> 00:12:57,365 THERE IS A VIDEO GAMING GROUP 455 00:12:57,367 --> 00:12:58,632 THAT'S COMING TOGETHER. 456 00:12:58,634 --> 00:13:00,366 PEOPLE ARE STARTING 457 00:13:00,368 --> 00:13:02,132 MICROENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAMS 458 00:13:02,134 --> 00:13:02,732 ONLINE AND SELLING THINGS ON 459 00:13:02,734 --> 00:13:04,498 ETSY. 460 00:13:04,500 --> 00:13:06,365 SO THIS NOTION OF WHAT WE'RE 461 00:13:06,367 --> 00:13:07,632 ABLE TO DO TOGETHER AS OLDER 462 00:13:07,634 --> 00:13:08,532 ADULTS, IT'S NOT ABOUT 463 00:13:08,534 --> 00:13:09,699 COMPUTERS. 464 00:13:09,701 --> 00:13:10,933 IT'S ABOUT AGING. 465 00:13:10,935 --> 00:13:13,199 IT'S ABOUT HOW WE AGE BETTER. 466 00:13:13,201 --> 00:13:13,899 I DID IT. 467 00:13:13,901 --> 00:13:14,932 I DID IT. 468 00:13:14,934 --> 00:13:16,365 HOLD ON TO IT. 469 00:13:16,367 --> 00:13:17,465 IT'S ALMOST LIKE BEING BACK 470 00:13:17,467 --> 00:13:19,166 IN GRADE SCHOOL AGAIN, BUT 471 00:13:19,168 --> 00:13:20,966 IT'S A WONDERFUL FEELING 472 00:13:20,968 --> 00:13:22,531 GETTING THIS KIND OF POSITIVE 473 00:13:22,533 --> 00:13:24,265 REINFORCEMENT, YOU KNOW, BEING 474 00:13:24,267 --> 00:13:26,532 TOLD HOW MUCH THE CLIENT LIKED 475 00:13:26,534 --> 00:13:28,866 MY WORK, AND IT TELLS ME, YES, 476 00:13:28,868 --> 00:13:29,399 I CAN DO THIS AND KEEP DOING 477 00:13:29,401 --> 00:13:31,199 THIS. 478 00:13:31,201 --> 00:13:32,499 THERE WILL BE LULLS, YOU KNOW, 479 00:13:32,501 --> 00:13:35,532 WHEN YOU DON'T GET HIRED AND 480 00:13:35,534 --> 00:13:36,399 PLATEAUS, AND YOU HAVE TO KEEP 481 00:13:36,401 --> 00:13:38,432 GOING. 482 00:13:38,434 --> 00:13:39,365 AND THEN WHEN YOU MIGHT LEAST 483 00:13:39,367 --> 00:13:40,699 EXPECT IT, THINGS START 484 00:13:40,701 --> 00:13:43,599 HAPPENING AGAIN. 485 00:13:43,601 --> 00:13:45,498 BY THE END OF 2015, IT'S 486 00:13:45,500 --> 00:13:46,498 FORECAST THAT THERE WILL BE 487 00:13:46,500 --> 00:13:48,499 MORE THAN 26 MILLION SENIORS 488 00:13:48,501 --> 00:13:49,066 USING THE INTERNET IN THE U.S. 489 00:13:49,068 --> 00:13:52,932 ALONE. 490 00:13:52,934 --> 00:13:54,032 > THE HELLBENDER SALAMANDER, 491 00:13:54,034 --> 00:13:55,366 WHICH IS NATIVE TO EASTERN 492 00:13:55,368 --> 00:13:56,300 STATES FROM NEW YORK TO 493 00:13:56,302 --> 00:13:57,866 ARKANSAS, IS THE LARGEST 494 00:13:57,868 --> 00:13:58,866 AQUATIC SALAMANDER IN THE 495 00:13:58,868 --> 00:14:00,499 UNITED STATES. 496 00:14:00,501 --> 00:14:01,765 BUT SINCE 2011, THE SALAMANDER 497 00:14:01,767 --> 00:14:02,665 HAS BEEN ON THE ENDANGERED 498 00:14:02,667 --> 00:14:04,465 SPECIES LIST. 499 00:14:04,467 --> 00:14:05,932 NOW ONE ZOO IN ST. LOUIS, 500 00:14:05,934 --> 00:14:07,066 MISSOURI, HAS BEEN TRYING TO 501 00:14:07,068 --> 00:14:07,999 COME UP WITH A SOLUTION TO 502 00:14:08,001 --> 00:14:11,732 SAVE THE SPECIES. 503 00:14:11,734 --> 00:14:12,932 WHAT WE CAME TO SEE AT THE 504 00:14:12,934 --> 00:14:13,799 ST. LOUIS ZOO IS NOT ON 505 00:14:13,801 --> 00:14:15,065 DISPLAY. 506 00:14:15,067 --> 00:14:16,799 IT'S ACTUALLY BEHIND THE 507 00:14:16,801 --> 00:14:18,298 HERPETARIUM WHERE THEY KEEP 508 00:14:18,300 --> 00:14:19,732 THE SNAKES AND OTHER ASSORTED 509 00:14:19,734 --> 00:14:21,365 REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS. 510 00:14:21,367 --> 00:14:22,465 AND IF YOU COME BACK HERE ON 511 00:14:22,467 --> 00:14:23,499 THE RIGHT DAY, YOU MIGHT GET 512 00:14:23,501 --> 00:14:25,265 TO MEET IRENE. 513 00:14:25,267 --> 00:14:26,265 NOT THE WOMAN IN THE WET SUIT. 514 00:14:26,267 --> 00:14:27,865 THAT'S CHAWNA. 515 00:14:27,867 --> 00:14:29,799 IRENE IS THE BIG SALAMANDER 516 00:14:29,801 --> 00:14:30,766 SHE HAS JUST FISHED OUT OF ITS 517 00:14:30,768 --> 00:14:32,865 NEST. 518 00:14:32,867 --> 00:14:33,599 IT'S ONE OF OUR FEMALE 519 00:14:33,601 --> 00:14:34,032 HELLBENDERS. 520 00:14:34,034 --> 00:14:35,032 HOW OLD? 521 00:14:35,034 --> 00:14:35,732 WE DON'T KNOW HER AGE 522 00:14:35,734 --> 00:14:36,231 BECAUSE SHE WAS A WILD 523 00:14:36,233 --> 00:14:37,532 COLLECTED ADULT. 524 00:14:37,534 --> 00:14:38,732 SHE COULD BE ANYWHERE FROM 10 525 00:14:38,734 --> 00:14:40,465 TO 35. 526 00:14:40,467 --> 00:14:41,665 WHO KNOWS. 527 00:14:41,667 --> 00:14:43,032 SHE IS ONE OF THE 528 00:14:43,034 --> 00:14:44,365 HELLBENDERS LIVING AND, MORE 529 00:14:44,367 --> 00:14:45,532 IMPORTANTLY AND AMAZINGLY, 530 00:14:45,534 --> 00:14:46,899 REPRODUCING IN WHAT IS NO MERE 531 00:14:46,901 --> 00:14:48,466 TROUGH. 532 00:14:48,468 --> 00:14:49,698 THIS IS ABOUT YOUR TYPICAL 533 00:14:49,700 --> 00:14:51,032 SIZE OF OUR ADULT. 534 00:14:51,034 --> 00:14:53,366 THESE ARE MINIATURE STREAMS 535 00:14:53,368 --> 00:14:54,766 OF THE CURRENT, THE 536 00:14:54,768 --> 00:14:56,065 TEMPERATURE, THE MINERALS, ALL 537 00:14:56,067 --> 00:14:57,265 CAREFULLY CONTROLLED TO MATCH 538 00:14:57,267 --> 00:14:59,399 THE HELLBENDER'S NATIVE 539 00:14:59,401 --> 00:15:00,165 HABITAT -- THE SPRING-FED 540 00:15:00,167 --> 00:15:04,032 WATERWAYS OF THE OZARKS. 541 00:15:04,034 --> 00:15:06,999 THERE WERE ONCE MAYBE 10,000 542 00:15:07,001 --> 00:15:08,865 OR MORE OF THESE GUYS IN 543 00:15:08,867 --> 00:15:09,799 MISSOURI AND NORTHERN 544 00:15:09,801 --> 00:15:11,465 ARKANSAS. 545 00:15:11,467 --> 00:15:12,866 BUT OVER TIME, FOR SOME OR 546 00:15:12,868 --> 00:15:13,999 MANY REASONS, THEY DECLINED 547 00:15:14,001 --> 00:15:15,399 INTO THE HUNDREDS. 548 00:15:15,401 --> 00:15:17,432 AT THE SAME TIME, THE 549 00:15:17,434 --> 00:15:18,532 SURVIVORS SHOWED A HIGH RATE 550 00:15:18,534 --> 00:15:19,965 OF SEVERE INJURIES THAT HADN'T 551 00:15:19,967 --> 00:15:22,465 HEALED PROPERLY, WHICH COULD 552 00:15:22,467 --> 00:15:23,266 BE DUE TO A COMBINATION OF 553 00:15:23,268 --> 00:15:24,365 MANY FACTORS. 554 00:15:24,367 --> 00:15:28,232 YOU'LL NOTICE THAT SHE'S 555 00:15:28,234 --> 00:15:29,899 BACK RIGHT LEG. 556 00:15:29,901 --> 00:15:31,298 ABOUT 70 TO 80 PERCENT OF THE 557 00:15:31,300 --> 00:15:32,465 ANIMALS THAT WE FIND ON THE 558 00:15:32,467 --> 00:15:33,632 OZARK RIVERS HAVE GOT SOME 559 00:15:33,634 --> 00:15:36,365 SORT OF ANOMALY. 560 00:15:36,367 --> 00:15:37,532 A BIG PART OF THIS IS 561 00:15:37,534 --> 00:15:38,932 SIMPLY PRESERVING THE SPECIES, 562 00:15:38,934 --> 00:15:39,965 BIODIVERSITY, THE BALANCE IN 563 00:15:39,967 --> 00:15:42,199 THE OZARK RIVER ECOSYSTEM. 564 00:15:42,201 --> 00:15:42,632 BUT THERE'S MORE TO IT THAN 565 00:15:42,634 --> 00:15:43,932 THAT. 566 00:15:43,934 --> 00:15:44,865 HELLBENDERS MAY NOT BE AS 567 00:15:44,867 --> 00:15:46,065 MAJESTIC OR CUDDLY AS SOME 568 00:15:46,067 --> 00:15:47,365 OTHER ENDANGERED ANIMALS. 569 00:15:47,367 --> 00:15:48,532 AFTER ALL, ONE OF THEIR 570 00:15:48,534 --> 00:15:50,732 NICKNAMES IS "SNOT OTTER." BUT 571 00:15:50,734 --> 00:15:52,366 FRESHWATER SPECIES ARE 572 00:15:52,368 --> 00:15:53,532 DISAPPEARING JUST AS FAST OR 573 00:15:53,534 --> 00:15:55,266 FASTER, AND AMPHIBIANS ARE AT 574 00:15:55,268 --> 00:15:58,232 THE GREATEST RISK. 575 00:15:58,234 --> 00:15:59,532 THE HELLBENDER HAS LUNGS, BUT 576 00:15:59,534 --> 00:16:01,766 UNDERWATER, IT ABSORBS OXYGEN 577 00:16:01,768 --> 00:16:02,699 ALONG THOSE RIPPLING FOLDS OF 578 00:16:02,701 --> 00:16:04,532 SKIN. 579 00:16:04,534 --> 00:16:05,765 AND WHATEVER IS IN THE WATER, 580 00:16:05,767 --> 00:16:08,066 IT ABSORBS THAT, TOO. 581 00:16:08,068 --> 00:16:11,166 THINK CANARY IN THE COAL MINE. 582 00:16:11,168 --> 00:16:11,999 WE DEPEND ON WATER JUST AS 583 00:16:12,001 --> 00:16:13,331 MUCH AS THESE ANIMALS DO. 584 00:16:13,333 --> 00:16:14,498 SO IF THERE ARE PROBLEMS THAT 585 00:16:14,500 --> 00:16:15,532 ARE INHERENT IN THE WATER THAT 586 00:16:15,534 --> 00:16:17,365 ARE IMPACTING HELLBENDERS AND 587 00:16:17,367 --> 00:16:18,532 OTHER FORMS OF WILDLIFE, IT'S 588 00:16:18,534 --> 00:16:19,033 GOING TO IMPACT US EVENTUALLY, 589 00:16:19,035 --> 00:16:22,099 TOO. 590 00:16:22,101 --> 00:16:23,099 SO THE ST. LOUIS ZOO, THE 591 00:16:23,101 --> 00:16:24,266 MISSOURI DEPARTMENT OF 592 00:16:24,268 --> 00:16:25,499 CONSERVATION, AND OTHER 593 00:16:25,501 --> 00:16:27,199 PARTNERS SET OUT NOT JUST TO 594 00:16:27,201 --> 00:16:28,499 STUDY THE HELLBENDER BUT TO 595 00:16:28,501 --> 00:16:29,899 FIGURE OUT HOW TO BREED THEM 596 00:16:29,901 --> 00:16:31,499 IN CAPTIVITY, RAISE THE 597 00:16:31,501 --> 00:16:32,465 OFFSPRING, AND PUT THEM BACK 598 00:16:32,467 --> 00:16:35,032 IN THE STREAMS. 599 00:16:35,034 --> 00:16:35,898 NOW, CATCHING A HELLBENDER IS 600 00:16:35,900 --> 00:16:37,298 ACTUALLY PRETTY EASY. 601 00:16:37,300 --> 00:16:38,331 DURING THE DAY, YOU FIND THEM 602 00:16:38,333 --> 00:16:39,765 LOLLING ABOUT IN THEIR NESTS 603 00:16:39,767 --> 00:16:41,532 UNDER ROCKS. 604 00:16:41,534 --> 00:16:42,933 BUT GETTING THEM TO REPRODUCE 605 00:16:42,935 --> 00:16:43,866 IN CAPTIVITY, THAT WOULD TAKE 606 00:16:43,868 --> 00:16:45,499 TEN YEARS. 607 00:16:45,501 --> 00:16:46,532 THERE ARE SO MANY THINGS TO 608 00:16:46,534 --> 00:16:47,366 GET RIGHT, SO MANY THINGS THAT 609 00:16:47,368 --> 00:16:51,532 COULD AND DID GO WRONG. 610 00:16:51,534 --> 00:16:52,332 THE ZOO STARTED WITH AN INDOOR 611 00:16:52,334 --> 00:16:53,899 STREAM. 612 00:16:53,901 --> 00:16:54,899 THE MALES AND FEMALES WERE 613 00:16:54,901 --> 00:16:56,331 DOING THEIR JOBS BUT THE EGGS 614 00:16:56,333 --> 00:16:57,033 JUST WEREN'T GETTING 615 00:16:57,035 --> 00:16:58,466 FERTILIZED. 616 00:16:58,468 --> 00:16:59,532 EVERY YEAR THE ZOOKEEPERS 617 00:16:59,534 --> 00:17:01,099 WOULD ADJUST THIS OR THAT, BUT 618 00:17:01,101 --> 00:17:05,899 STILL NO BABIES. 619 00:17:05,901 --> 00:17:07,498 SO A FEW YEARS AGO, THEY TRIED 620 00:17:07,500 --> 00:17:08,899 SOMETHING ELSE. 621 00:17:08,901 --> 00:17:09,932 THEY THOUGHT MAYBE AN OUTSIDE 622 00:17:09,934 --> 00:17:10,965 ENVIRONMENT WOULD HELP, AND 623 00:17:10,967 --> 00:17:11,532 THEY BUILT THE OUTDOOR 624 00:17:11,534 --> 00:17:13,465 STREAMS. 625 00:17:13,467 --> 00:17:14,366 ROOMIER, LIDDED NESTING BOXES 626 00:17:14,368 --> 00:17:15,866 HALF BURIED, COMFORTABLY 627 00:17:15,868 --> 00:17:17,300 SPACED, MIMICKING THE ROCK 628 00:17:17,302 --> 00:17:18,966 NESTS OF THE TERRITORIAL 629 00:17:18,968 --> 00:17:20,099 HELLBENDER, BUT STILL NO 630 00:17:20,101 --> 00:17:22,532 SUCCESS. 631 00:17:22,534 --> 00:17:23,865 SO THEY WENT BACK TO THE WATER 632 00:17:23,867 --> 00:17:25,532 ITSELF LOOKING AT THE ION AND 633 00:17:25,534 --> 00:17:27,698 MINERAL CONCENTRATIONS, MADE A 634 00:17:27,700 --> 00:17:29,199 MINOR ADJUSTMENT, AND THEN 635 00:17:29,201 --> 00:17:30,265 WAITED TO SEE IF IT WOULD MAKE 636 00:17:30,267 --> 00:17:32,365 A DIFFERENCE. 637 00:17:32,367 --> 00:17:33,066 IT WAS -- I REMEMBER THE 638 00:17:33,068 --> 00:17:34,166 DATE. 639 00:17:34,168 --> 00:17:36,032 IT WAS OCTOBER 18th, 2011. 640 00:17:36,034 --> 00:17:37,033 WE OPENED UP ONE OF THE NEST 641 00:17:37,035 --> 00:17:37,933 BOXES OUT BACK, AND THERE WERE 642 00:17:37,935 --> 00:17:40,132 ALL THESE FERTILE EGGS. 643 00:17:40,134 --> 00:17:41,332 THEY DIDN'T JUST HATCH 63 644 00:17:41,334 --> 00:17:42,632 BABY HELLBENDERS. 645 00:17:42,634 --> 00:17:43,865 THEY MADE HISTORY. 646 00:17:43,867 --> 00:17:45,433 IT WAS THE FIRST TIME ANYBODY 647 00:17:45,435 --> 00:17:47,532 HAD BRED THEM IN CAPTIVITY. 648 00:17:47,534 --> 00:17:49,265 NOW, EVERY FALL, THE KEEPERS, 649 00:17:49,267 --> 00:17:50,899 ALL CERTIFIED DIVERS, REACH 650 00:17:50,901 --> 00:17:52,331 INTO THE NEST AND REMOVE A 651 00:17:52,333 --> 00:17:54,499 LONG STRING OF EGGS, WHICH ARE 652 00:17:54,501 --> 00:17:56,798 THEN PLACED IN THESE TRAYS. 653 00:17:56,800 --> 00:17:58,133 WE ALSO SHAKE THE EGGS OR 654 00:17:58,135 --> 00:17:58,899 ROCK THE EGGS THREE TIMES A 655 00:17:58,901 --> 00:18:00,865 DAY PHYSICALLY. 656 00:18:00,867 --> 00:18:01,999 THAT'S TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT 657 00:18:02,001 --> 00:18:02,798 WHAT THE MALE IS DOING IN THE 658 00:18:02,800 --> 00:18:04,365 BOTTOM OF THE RIVER. 659 00:18:04,367 --> 00:18:04,999 THESE ARE OUR NEWEST 660 00:18:05,001 --> 00:18:07,966 BABIES. 661 00:18:07,968 --> 00:18:09,399 THERE ARE NOW THOUSANDS OF 662 00:18:09,401 --> 00:18:10,365 HELLBENDERS IN THESE TANKS. 663 00:18:10,367 --> 00:18:11,965 TWO SUBSPECIES FROM TWO 664 00:18:11,967 --> 00:18:13,899 DIFFERENT OZARK RIVER SYSTEMS 665 00:18:13,901 --> 00:18:14,966 ARE BRED SEPARATELY AND WILL 666 00:18:14,968 --> 00:18:16,466 BE PLACED BACK INTO THE 667 00:18:16,468 --> 00:18:17,232 STREAMS WHERE THEIR PARENTS 668 00:18:17,234 --> 00:18:19,498 WERE CAUGHT. 669 00:18:19,500 --> 00:18:20,532 AND THERE THEY WILL FEAST ON, 670 00:18:20,534 --> 00:18:21,832 AMONG OTHER THINGS, CRAYFISH, 671 00:18:21,834 --> 00:18:22,799 BUT THEY GENERALLY DON'T 672 00:18:22,801 --> 00:18:24,499 BOTHER PEOPLE. 673 00:18:24,501 --> 00:18:25,099 THEY ARE NOT POISONOUS, NOT 674 00:18:25,101 --> 00:18:26,965 AGGRESSIVE. 675 00:18:26,967 --> 00:18:27,866 WE'RE ACTUALLY MORE INTERESTED 676 00:18:27,868 --> 00:18:30,999 IN THEM THAN THEY ARE IN US. 677 00:18:31,001 --> 00:18:33,033 SO FOR US, BEING ABLE TO 678 00:18:33,035 --> 00:18:35,532 HELP CONSERVE A SPECIES THAT'S 679 00:18:35,534 --> 00:18:36,532 RIGHT IN OUR BACKYARD, BECAUSE 680 00:18:36,534 --> 00:18:38,300 LESS THAN TWO HOURS FROM HERE, 681 00:18:38,302 --> 00:18:39,066 YOU CAN BE IN THE HABITAT OF 682 00:18:39,068 --> 00:18:40,199 THESE GUYS. 683 00:18:40,201 --> 00:18:40,966 YOU DON'T HAVE TO GO TO 684 00:18:40,968 --> 00:18:41,765 MADAGASCAR FOR THIS. 685 00:18:41,767 --> 00:18:42,932 YOU DON'T HAVE TO GO TO 686 00:18:42,934 --> 00:18:44,465 MADAGASCAR, YOU KNOW, AND 687 00:18:44,467 --> 00:18:46,466 IMPACT RIGHT HERE AT HOME. 688 00:18:46,468 --> 00:18:47,499 THE HELLBENDER PROJECT IN 689 00:18:47,501 --> 00:18:49,199 MISSOURI IS A SUCCESS SO FAR 690 00:18:49,201 --> 00:18:51,365 BUT ONLY UP TO A POINT. 691 00:18:51,367 --> 00:18:52,933 THE POPULATION IS BEING 692 00:18:52,935 --> 00:18:53,933 INCREASED, BUT WHAT ABOUT THE 693 00:18:53,935 --> 00:18:55,265 FACTORS THAT CAUSED THEM TO 694 00:18:55,267 --> 00:18:56,232 DECLINE SO DRAMATICALLY IN THE 695 00:18:56,234 --> 00:18:57,799 FIRST PLACE? 696 00:18:57,801 --> 00:18:59,166 WAS IT DISEASE, CLIMATE 697 00:18:59,168 --> 00:19:00,399 CHANGE, POLLUTION, PEOPLE 698 00:19:00,401 --> 00:19:02,532 COLLECTING THEM FOR PETS? 699 00:19:02,534 --> 00:19:03,832 WERE THEIR NESTS BEING FILLED 700 00:19:03,834 --> 00:19:04,932 UP WITH SILT BECAUSE OF 701 00:19:04,934 --> 00:19:08,532 CHANGING RIVERBANK VEGETATION? 702 00:19:08,534 --> 00:19:09,466 THE ZOO-RAISED HELLBENDERS ARE 703 00:19:09,468 --> 00:19:11,532 BEING PUT BACK AT VARIOUS AGES 704 00:19:11,534 --> 00:19:13,398 TO SEE AT WHAT POINT IN THEIR 705 00:19:13,400 --> 00:19:14,066 DEVELOPMENT THEY ARE MOST 706 00:19:14,068 --> 00:19:16,199 VULNERABLE. 707 00:19:16,201 --> 00:19:17,465 THAT MEANS TRACKING, COUNTING, 708 00:19:17,467 --> 00:19:19,265 MEASURING AT LEAST FOR THE 709 00:19:19,267 --> 00:19:21,865 NEXT 15 YEARS. 710 00:19:21,867 --> 00:19:22,833 WE NEED TO BE PAYING 711 00:19:22,835 --> 00:19:24,532 ATTENTION TO WHAT'S GOING ON 712 00:19:24,534 --> 00:19:27,099 IN THESE WILD SITUATIONS, JUST 713 00:19:27,101 --> 00:19:29,300 US. 714 00:19:34,733 --> 00:19:36,765 FOSSIL RECORDS INDICATE THE 715 00:19:36,767 --> 00:19:38,098 HELLBENDER SALAMANDER EXISTED 716 00:19:38,100 --> 00:19:39,099 MORE THAN 160 MILLION YEARS 717 00:19:39,101 --> 00:19:41,765 AGO. 718 00:19:41,767 --> 00:19:42,999 > YOUNG CHILDREN IN 719 00:19:43,001 --> 00:19:44,198 CHILD-CARE HOMES AND EARLY 720 00:19:44,200 --> 00:19:45,532 LEARNING CENTERS ARE EXPECTED 721 00:19:45,534 --> 00:19:47,066 TO BE PREPARED WHEN THEY ENTER 722 00:19:47,068 --> 00:19:47,999 PRE AND REGULAR KINDERGARTEN 723 00:19:48,001 --> 00:19:49,799 PROGRAMS. 724 00:19:49,801 --> 00:19:50,632 BUT WHAT SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE 725 00:19:50,634 --> 00:19:52,232 DO THEY NEED? 726 00:19:52,234 --> 00:19:53,065 HERE ARE TWO PLACES THAT ARE 727 00:19:53,067 --> 00:19:54,866 TAKING A NONTRADITIONAL 728 00:19:54,868 --> 00:19:55,766 APPROACH TO HOW CHILDREN LEARN 729 00:19:55,768 --> 00:19:59,099 BEST. 730 00:19:59,101 --> 00:20:00,333 THE LEARNING CENTER AT 731 00:20:00,335 --> 00:20:01,966 ST. JOHN'S PROVIDES CHILD CARE 732 00:20:01,968 --> 00:20:04,066 AND EDUCATIONAL SERVICES FOR 733 00:20:04,068 --> 00:20:06,499 99 YOUNG CHILDREN. 734 00:20:06,501 --> 00:20:07,632 THE TEACHERS THERE FOCUS ON 735 00:20:07,634 --> 00:20:08,565 PREPARING THEM FOR 736 00:20:08,567 --> 00:20:10,099 KINDERGARTEN. 737 00:20:10,101 --> 00:20:11,166 HERE AT THE LEARNING 738 00:20:11,168 --> 00:20:12,465 CENTER, WE ARE PART OF A PILOT 739 00:20:12,467 --> 00:20:13,866 PROGRAM THIS YEAR FOR THE 740 00:20:13,868 --> 00:20:14,632 CREATIVE CURRICULUM GOAL 741 00:20:14,634 --> 00:20:16,066 CURRICULUM. 742 00:20:16,068 --> 00:20:17,466 IT IS A PROJECT-BASED 743 00:20:17,468 --> 00:20:20,099 CURRICULUM THAT'S BASED ON 744 00:20:20,101 --> 00:20:22,232 DIMENSIONS OF MATH, SCIENCE, 745 00:20:22,234 --> 00:20:23,365 LANGUAGE, SOCIAL STUDIES, AND 746 00:20:23,367 --> 00:20:25,632 SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL 747 00:20:25,634 --> 00:20:27,932 DEVELOPMENT. 748 00:20:27,934 --> 00:20:29,333 THE CENTER NOW EMPHASIZES 749 00:20:29,335 --> 00:20:32,198 LEARNING THROUGH PLAY. 750 00:20:32,200 --> 00:20:33,331 WHEN A CHILD VISITS A 751 00:20:33,333 --> 00:20:34,966 CENTER AND DOES A PARTICULAR 752 00:20:34,968 --> 00:20:36,332 ACTIVITY, A TEACHER WILL BE 753 00:20:36,334 --> 00:20:37,799 THERE TO HELP FACILITATE OR 754 00:20:37,801 --> 00:20:39,532 HELP GUIDE THEM IN THE 755 00:20:39,534 --> 00:20:40,732 DIRECTION THAT THEY WANT THEM 756 00:20:40,734 --> 00:20:42,499 TO DO, TO DO THEIR 757 00:20:42,501 --> 00:20:43,499 OBSERVATIONS AND ANECDOTALS. 758 00:20:43,501 --> 00:20:45,833 SO THE TEACHER IS A BIG PART 759 00:20:45,835 --> 00:20:47,066 WITHIN THOSE CENTER-BASED PLAY 760 00:20:47,068 --> 00:20:49,132 SETUPS. 761 00:20:49,134 --> 00:20:50,065 PART OF THEIR SOCIAL AND 762 00:20:50,067 --> 00:20:51,033 EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT INCLUDES 763 00:20:51,035 --> 00:20:53,032 TEAMWORK. 764 00:20:53,034 --> 00:20:54,232 THOSE THINGS START TO 765 00:20:54,234 --> 00:20:55,365 DEVELOP NATURALLY BECAUSE 766 00:20:55,367 --> 00:20:56,498 THEY'RE WORKING ON A 767 00:20:56,500 --> 00:20:58,032 PARTICULAR PROJECT TOGETHER. 768 00:20:58,034 --> 00:20:59,033 THEY'RE HAVING THOSE 769 00:20:59,035 --> 00:21:01,133 OPPORTUNITIES TO BUILD 770 00:21:01,135 --> 00:21:02,331 RELATIONSHIPS AND BUILD THAT 771 00:21:02,333 --> 00:21:03,899 SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL 772 00:21:03,901 --> 00:21:05,933 COMPETENCY WITHIN EACH OTHER. 773 00:21:05,935 --> 00:21:07,132 AND THEY ARE GETTING ABLE TO 774 00:21:07,134 --> 00:21:09,065 LEARN TO TAKE TURNS, TO SHARE, 775 00:21:09,067 --> 00:21:11,199 GIVE IDEAS, AND SUGGESTIONS ON 776 00:21:11,201 --> 00:21:13,666 WHAT'S HAPPENING NEXT. 777 00:21:13,668 --> 00:21:14,899 THE CHILDREN ALSO HAVE 778 00:21:14,901 --> 00:21:15,999 PLENTY OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR 779 00:21:16,001 --> 00:21:18,332 SELF-DIRECTED ACTIVITIES. 780 00:21:18,334 --> 00:21:21,133 WHEN THINGS ARE BASED ON 781 00:21:21,135 --> 00:21:22,732 THEIR INTERESTS WITHIN A 782 00:21:22,734 --> 00:21:25,032 CLASSROOM, THEY FEEL MORE 783 00:21:25,034 --> 00:21:27,032 EMPOWERED AND EAGER TO LEARN. 784 00:21:27,034 --> 00:21:27,999 IT'S NOT ABOUT FILLING THE 785 00:21:28,001 --> 00:21:29,332 BUCKET. 786 00:21:29,334 --> 00:21:30,166 IT'S ABOUT LIGHTING THE FIRE 787 00:21:30,168 --> 00:21:34,232 WITH CHILDREN. 788 00:21:34,234 --> 00:21:35,999 PROFESSOR MARY HARPER OF 789 00:21:36,001 --> 00:21:37,498 ST. PETERSBURG COLLEGE TEACHES 790 00:21:37,500 --> 00:21:39,799 EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT 791 00:21:39,801 --> 00:21:41,065 AND CONSULTS WITH NUMEROUS 792 00:21:41,067 --> 00:21:43,232 CHILD-CARE AGENCIES. 793 00:21:43,234 --> 00:21:44,398 IN EARLY CHILDHOOD, IT'S 794 00:21:44,400 --> 00:21:45,866 LANGUAGE, LANGUAGE, LANGUAGE. 795 00:21:45,868 --> 00:21:46,932 SO ANYTHING CHILDREN ARE 796 00:21:46,934 --> 00:21:51,166 INTERACTING WITH OR BEING A 797 00:21:51,168 --> 00:21:52,365 PART OF OR EXPERIMENTING WITH, 798 00:21:52,367 --> 00:21:53,999 THERE SHOULD BE LOTS OF 799 00:21:54,001 --> 00:21:55,365 LANGUAGE GOING ON AROUND THAT. 800 00:21:55,367 --> 00:21:55,933 YOU SHOULD BE ASKING 801 00:21:55,935 --> 00:21:57,033 QUESTIONS. 802 00:21:57,035 --> 00:21:58,466 THEY SHOULD BE RESPONDING. 803 00:21:58,468 --> 00:22:00,498 TO HAVE FULL LEARNING, YOU 804 00:22:00,500 --> 00:22:02,366 MUST BE ABLE TO INTERACT, AND 805 00:22:02,368 --> 00:22:03,432 INTERACTION REQUIRES SOCIAL 806 00:22:03,434 --> 00:22:05,866 AND EMOTIONAL COMPETENCE. 807 00:22:05,868 --> 00:22:06,999 MAKING MORE BUBBLES OR DO YOU 808 00:22:07,001 --> 00:22:08,732 THINK IT'S THE SAME? 809 00:22:08,734 --> 00:22:09,933 THE SAME. 810 00:22:09,935 --> 00:22:11,398 FOR YOUNG LEARNERS, SOCIAL 811 00:22:11,400 --> 00:22:12,165 SKILLS ARE THE BASIS FOR ALL 812 00:22:12,167 --> 00:22:14,132 LEARNING. 813 00:22:14,134 --> 00:22:18,166 YOU CAN'T HAVE COGNITION OR 814 00:22:18,168 --> 00:22:19,732 THIS KIND OF GROWING APTITUDE 815 00:22:19,734 --> 00:22:20,465 IN ACADEMIA WITHOUT SOCIAL 816 00:22:20,467 --> 00:22:22,598 SKILLS. 817 00:22:22,600 --> 00:22:24,499 AND SOCIAL SKILLS IS THE 818 00:22:24,501 --> 00:22:26,832 UNDERPINNING OF ALL KINDS OF 819 00:22:26,834 --> 00:22:28,165 LEARNING THAT TAKES PLACE, AND 820 00:22:28,167 --> 00:22:30,132 IT IS THE NUMBER ONE 821 00:22:30,134 --> 00:22:31,332 CORRELATIVE FACTOR IN ALL 822 00:22:31,334 --> 00:22:36,999 ACADEMIC LEARNING. 823 00:22:37,001 --> 00:22:38,532 WE KNOW THAT COGNITION IS 824 00:22:38,534 --> 00:22:40,766 BASED ON INTERACTIONS WITH THE 825 00:22:40,768 --> 00:22:41,933 ENVIRONMENT, WITH LANGUAGE AND 826 00:22:41,935 --> 00:22:44,499 EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING. 827 00:22:44,501 --> 00:22:46,065 SO WITHOUT THE UNDERGIRDINGS 828 00:22:46,067 --> 00:22:47,799 OF SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL 829 00:22:47,801 --> 00:22:49,933 COMPETENCE, YOU DON'T GET THE 830 00:22:49,935 --> 00:22:51,933 SAME RICHNESS IN COGNITION AS 831 00:22:51,935 --> 00:22:52,432 YOU WOULD UNLESS THEY WERE 832 00:22:52,434 --> 00:22:53,865 PARTNERED. 833 00:22:53,867 --> 00:22:55,732 THEY ARE INEXTRICABLY LINKED. 834 00:22:55,734 --> 00:22:56,365 THE TEACHERS AT THE 835 00:22:56,367 --> 00:22:58,200 LEARNING CENTER ARE NOW 836 00:22:58,202 --> 00:22:59,332 IMPLEMENTING INDIVIDUALIZED 837 00:22:59,334 --> 00:23:02,165 INSTRUCTION PLANS. 838 00:23:02,167 --> 00:23:03,199 THEY HAVE TO ACTUALLY BE 839 00:23:03,201 --> 00:23:06,099 ABLE TO READ THE CHILD'S 840 00:23:06,101 --> 00:23:07,532 DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES AND 841 00:23:07,534 --> 00:23:08,966 SAY, WOW, THIS CHILD IS HERE. 842 00:23:08,968 --> 00:23:10,399 I NEED TO TAKE THEM HERE. 843 00:23:10,401 --> 00:23:11,298 THIS IS HOW I'LL DO IT, BY 844 00:23:11,300 --> 00:23:12,966 QUESTIONING THIS WAY, 845 00:23:12,968 --> 00:23:14,499 PROVIDING THESE ACTIVITIES, 846 00:23:14,501 --> 00:23:15,965 GIVING THEM A WAY TO LOOK AT 847 00:23:15,967 --> 00:23:17,632 THE WORLD IN A DIFFERENT WAY 848 00:23:17,634 --> 00:23:18,765 AND THEN HAVE THE CHILD 849 00:23:18,767 --> 00:23:20,532 RESPOND BACK. 850 00:23:20,534 --> 00:23:22,232 IT REQUIRES A LOT MORE COMPLEX 851 00:23:22,234 --> 00:23:24,899 ASSESSMENTS AS WELL. 852 00:23:24,901 --> 00:23:26,232 BY FOCUSING ON SOCIAL AND 853 00:23:26,234 --> 00:23:28,099 EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH 854 00:23:28,101 --> 00:23:28,966 PLAY, THE TEACHERS HERE HAD TO 855 00:23:28,968 --> 00:23:31,732 CHANGE EVERYTHING. 856 00:23:31,734 --> 00:23:32,765 SO IT WAS A LITTLE BIT HARD 857 00:23:32,767 --> 00:23:34,999 FOR A TEACHER TO LET GO OF 858 00:23:35,001 --> 00:23:36,966 THAT PART OF THE BOOK AND THEN 859 00:23:36,968 --> 00:23:37,699 LETTING THE CHILDREN DRIVE THE 860 00:23:37,701 --> 00:23:39,332 CURRICULUM. 861 00:23:39,334 --> 00:23:39,865 THE TEACHER IS THE 862 00:23:39,867 --> 00:23:41,166 FACILITATOR. 863 00:23:41,168 --> 00:23:42,099 THE CHILDREN ACTUALLY DRIVE 864 00:23:42,101 --> 00:23:43,699 THE CURRICULUM. 865 00:23:43,701 --> 00:23:45,499 ONE OF MY FAVORITE PHRASES 866 00:23:45,501 --> 00:23:46,465 THAT I SAY IS, WHAT DID THE 867 00:23:46,467 --> 00:23:51,499 CHILDREN HAVE YOU DO TODAY? 868 00:23:51,501 --> 00:23:53,166 DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE 869 00:23:53,168 --> 00:23:54,833 CURRICULUM HAS ALWAYS BEEN AN 870 00:23:54,835 --> 00:23:55,665 UNDERGIRDING OF EARLY 871 00:23:55,667 --> 00:23:57,732 CHILDHOOD EDUCATION. 872 00:23:57,734 --> 00:23:58,532 AND WHAT THE LEARNING CENTER 873 00:23:58,534 --> 00:24:00,499 IS DOING IS THEY ARE USING AN 874 00:24:00,501 --> 00:24:02,132 APPROACH THAT RELIES ON THE 875 00:24:02,134 --> 00:24:03,732 TEACHER TO BE AN EXPERT IN 876 00:24:03,734 --> 00:24:05,399 CHILD DEVELOPMENT. 877 00:24:05,401 --> 00:24:08,232 THE ENVIRONMENT IS DESIGNED 878 00:24:08,234 --> 00:24:09,299 WITH A LEARNING ENVIRONMENT 879 00:24:09,301 --> 00:24:10,999 THAT'S ENRICHED AND ENHANCED, 880 00:24:11,001 --> 00:24:12,866 WHERE CHILDREN CAN BEGIN AT 881 00:24:12,868 --> 00:24:14,365 THIS LEVEL OR MAYBE THIS LEVEL 882 00:24:14,367 --> 00:24:15,932 OR MAYBE THIS LEVEL. 883 00:24:15,934 --> 00:24:17,332 THE TEACHER'S JOB IS TO 884 00:24:17,334 --> 00:24:18,899 SCAFFOLD THAT LEARNING. 885 00:24:18,901 --> 00:24:20,299 ♪ YOU HAVE A HEART ♪ 886 00:24:20,301 --> 00:24:22,432 ♪ I HAVE A HEART ♪ 887 00:24:22,434 --> 00:24:25,932 ♪ WE HAVE TWO HEARTS TOGETHER ♪ 888 00:24:25,934 --> 00:24:27,266 TAMI SPIDLE RUNS A 889 00:24:27,268 --> 00:24:28,365 CHILD-CARE HOME IN 890 00:24:28,367 --> 00:24:30,232 HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY. 891 00:24:30,234 --> 00:24:30,999 SHE'S BEEN DOING THIS TYPE OF 892 00:24:31,001 --> 00:24:32,699 WORK FOR 20 YEARS. 893 00:24:32,701 --> 00:24:34,165 I STARTED OUT WITH A 894 00:24:34,167 --> 00:24:35,965 PROGRAM THAT WAS VERY 895 00:24:35,967 --> 00:24:37,498 ACADEMIC, EVERYBODY IS SITTING 896 00:24:37,500 --> 00:24:39,133 DOWN AT CIRCLE TIME BECAUSE 897 00:24:39,135 --> 00:24:39,999 THAT'S WHAT I WAS TAUGHT WAS 898 00:24:40,001 --> 00:24:42,266 NECESSARY FOR KIDS. 899 00:24:42,268 --> 00:24:44,866 I STARTED SEEING THAT I DIDN'T 900 00:24:44,868 --> 00:24:46,400 BELIEVE THAT, AND I STARTED 901 00:24:46,402 --> 00:24:47,366 SEEING THAT THEY DID JUST FINE 902 00:24:47,368 --> 00:24:49,499 WITHOUT BEING DIRECTED. 903 00:24:49,501 --> 00:24:51,298 AND SO I STARTED CREATING THIS 904 00:24:51,300 --> 00:24:56,132 ACTIVE LEARNING PROGRAM. 905 00:24:56,134 --> 00:24:57,898 AS A CHILD-CARE PROVIDER, 906 00:24:57,900 --> 00:24:59,298 TAMI GETS SUPPORT FROM THE 907 00:24:59,300 --> 00:25:01,199 EARLY LEARNING COALITION AND 908 00:25:01,201 --> 00:25:02,465 TAKES CLASSES FROM PROFESSOR 909 00:25:02,467 --> 00:25:04,465 HARPER IN ORDER TO KEEP UP 910 00:25:04,467 --> 00:25:06,732 WITH AGE-APPROPRIATE LEARNING. 911 00:25:06,734 --> 00:25:07,965 THERE'S A LOT OF TALK IN 912 00:25:07,967 --> 00:25:09,332 HOW TO KEEP A CHILD ENGAGED 913 00:25:09,334 --> 00:25:10,232 AND NOT HAVE THEM BE 914 00:25:10,234 --> 00:25:11,466 DISRUPTIVE. 915 00:25:11,468 --> 00:25:13,532 WHAT I HAVE FOUND IS IF I 916 00:25:13,534 --> 00:25:16,466 DON'T TRY TO TELL THEM WHAT TO 917 00:25:16,468 --> 00:25:18,032 THINK OR WHAT TO DO, IF I 918 00:25:18,034 --> 00:25:19,298 ALLOW THEM TO DO WHAT THEY 919 00:25:19,300 --> 00:25:20,599 WANT TO DO AT THE TIME, THEN 920 00:25:20,601 --> 00:25:21,632 THERE ARE A LOT LESS 921 00:25:21,634 --> 00:25:22,865 INTERRUPTIONS. 922 00:25:22,867 --> 00:25:23,999 AND THEN WHAT I DO IS I FOLLOW 923 00:25:24,001 --> 00:25:24,866 THEM AROUND, AND I TRY TO ADD 924 00:25:24,868 --> 00:25:26,199 TO WHAT THEY ARE DOING. 925 00:25:26,201 --> 00:25:28,799 SOMETIMES HER CHILD-CARE 926 00:25:28,801 --> 00:25:30,465 HOME MAY LOOK CHAOTIC, BUT HER 927 00:25:30,467 --> 00:25:31,331 GOAL IS TO HELP THE CHILDREN 928 00:25:31,333 --> 00:25:34,365 MANAGE THEMSELVES. 929 00:25:34,367 --> 00:25:35,332 I GIVE THEM A LOT OF 930 00:25:35,334 --> 00:25:36,732 FREEDOM, BUT I ALSO HAVE 931 00:25:36,734 --> 00:25:39,399 BUILT-IN RULES ESTABLISHED 932 00:25:39,401 --> 00:25:41,532 THAT THEY HAVE TO FOLLOW. 933 00:25:41,534 --> 00:25:42,999 BY THE TIME THEY GET INTO BBK, 934 00:25:43,001 --> 00:25:43,966 I WANT THEM TO BE VERY GOOD AT 935 00:25:43,968 --> 00:25:46,532 SELF-REGULATING. 936 00:25:46,534 --> 00:25:49,198 THAT'S MY NUMBER ONE CONCERN, 937 00:25:49,200 --> 00:25:51,166 WHICH IS TO BE ABLE TO ACCEPT 938 00:25:51,168 --> 00:25:52,432 THE ANSWER NO AND MANAGE 939 00:25:52,434 --> 00:25:53,899 THEMSELVES WELL, TO BE ABLE TO 940 00:25:53,901 --> 00:25:55,531 DEFER TO SOMEBODY ELSE, TO BE 941 00:25:55,533 --> 00:25:57,332 ABLE TO SHARE SPACE, TO CHANGE 942 00:25:57,334 --> 00:25:58,532 THEIR MIND, TO CHANGE THEIR 943 00:25:58,534 --> 00:26:00,532 INTENT ON SOMETHING BECAUSE IT 944 00:26:00,534 --> 00:26:02,432 WON'T WORK. 945 00:26:02,434 --> 00:26:03,266 WOULD YOU LIKE TO GET DOWN? 946 00:26:03,268 --> 00:26:04,032 I'M GOING TO PUT YOU DOWN. 947 00:26:04,034 --> 00:26:05,233 I CAN SIT DOWN. 948 00:26:05,235 --> 00:26:05,832 YOU CAN SIT ON MY LAP RIGHT 949 00:26:05,834 --> 00:26:07,833 HERE. 950 00:26:07,835 --> 00:26:09,065 THE HIGHEST CORRELATION OF 951 00:26:09,067 --> 00:26:10,298 PEOPLE WHO HAVE ATTAINED GREAT 952 00:26:10,300 --> 00:26:11,432 THINGS IN THEIR CAREERS AND IN 953 00:26:11,434 --> 00:26:12,465 THEIR LIVES AND IN BUSINESS 954 00:26:12,467 --> 00:26:13,365 AND IN INDUSTRY ARE HIGHLY 955 00:26:13,367 --> 00:26:15,499 SELF-REGULATED LEARNERS. 956 00:26:15,501 --> 00:26:17,165 BY GIVING CHILDREN AUTONOMY 957 00:26:17,167 --> 00:26:18,432 EARLY ON TO SAY WHAT I'M GOING 958 00:26:18,434 --> 00:26:20,532 TO WORK ON, WHAT I'M GOING TO 959 00:26:20,534 --> 00:26:21,399 LEARN, HOW I'M GOING TO DO IT, 960 00:26:21,401 --> 00:26:23,298 WE ARE BEGINNING TO BUILD 961 00:26:23,300 --> 00:26:27,366 SELF-REGULATED LEARNERS. 962 00:26:27,368 --> 00:26:28,932 SCIENTISTS HAVE LEARNED 963 00:26:28,934 --> 00:26:30,165 THAT OUR BRAIN GOES THROUGH 964 00:26:30,167 --> 00:26:31,032 DRAMATIC DEVELOPMENT EARLY IN 965 00:26:31,034 --> 00:26:33,165 LIFE. 966 00:26:33,167 --> 00:26:34,165 THOSE SYNAPTICAL 967 00:26:34,167 --> 00:26:35,532 CONNECTIONS IN THE BRAIN, 968 00:26:35,534 --> 00:26:37,099 THOSE NEURAL PATHWAYS, BETWEEN 969 00:26:37,101 --> 00:26:38,932 THE AGES OF 0 TO 4 ARE BEING 970 00:26:38,934 --> 00:26:41,832 STRENGTHENED AND HARDWIRED. 971 00:26:41,834 --> 00:26:43,232 AND WITHOUT THESE KINDS OF 972 00:26:43,234 --> 00:26:45,232 RICH INTERACTIONS THAT ARE 973 00:26:45,234 --> 00:26:47,599 DIVERSE, YOU WON'T FIND THAT 974 00:26:47,601 --> 00:26:48,099 THOSE PATHWAYS GET VERY 975 00:26:48,101 --> 00:26:50,665 STRONG. 976 00:26:50,667 --> 00:26:52,966 SO WE REALLY WANT RICH 977 00:26:52,968 --> 00:26:54,465 INTERACTIONS FOR CHILDREN SO 978 00:26:54,467 --> 00:26:55,999 THAT THOSE NEURAL PATHWAYS 979 00:26:56,001 --> 00:26:57,966 REMAIN STRONG SO THAT WHEN 980 00:26:57,968 --> 00:26:59,999 THEY ENTER SCHOOL, THEY ARE 981 00:27:00,001 --> 00:27:00,999 PRE-WIRED TO ENGAGE IN SOME 982 00:27:01,001 --> 00:27:03,699 RIGOROUS ACTIVITY. 983 00:27:03,701 --> 00:27:05,499 THE FOUNDATION FOR SUCCESS 984 00:27:05,501 --> 00:27:07,399 IN SCHOOL STARTS HERE BEFORE 985 00:27:07,401 --> 00:27:10,465 THEY EVEN REACH KINDERGARTEN. 986 00:27:10,467 --> 00:27:12,466 THE FACTS AND THE ABCs AND 987 00:27:12,468 --> 00:27:13,398 NUMBERS AND ALL THOSE THINGS 988 00:27:13,400 --> 00:27:14,365 THAT THEY ARE GOING TO NEED 989 00:27:14,367 --> 00:27:15,966 THEY WILL GET IN FIRST, 990 00:27:15,968 --> 00:27:17,498 SECOND, THIRD GRADE. 991 00:27:17,500 --> 00:27:18,499 BUT THIS EMOTIONAL, SOCIAL, 992 00:27:18,501 --> 00:27:19,766 WHO THEY ARE, HOW TO MANAGE 993 00:27:19,768 --> 00:27:21,300 THEMSELVES, SELF-REGULATION, 994 00:27:21,302 --> 00:27:22,932 LET'S GIVE THEM FIVE YEARS TO 995 00:27:22,934 --> 00:27:23,765 FORMULATE THAT WITHIN 996 00:27:23,767 --> 00:27:26,266 THEMSELVES. 997 00:27:26,268 --> 00:27:26,832 THE REST OF THE STUFF WILL 998 00:27:26,834 --> 00:27:28,666 JUST ALL STICK. 999 00:27:32,966 --> 00:27:34,098 TO LEARN MORE ABOUT EARLY 1000 00:27:34,100 --> 00:27:35,033 CHILDHOOD EDUCATION IN 1001 00:27:35,035 --> 00:27:37,665 FLORIDA, VISIT 1002 00:27:37,667 --> 00:27:40,032 flchildrenscouncil.org. 1003 00:27:40,034 --> 00:27:41,231 AND THAT WRAPS UP THIS EPISODE 1004 00:27:41,233 --> 00:27:42,666 OF "WEDU QUEST." 1005 00:27:42,668 --> 00:27:44,265 FOR MORE INFORMATION 1006 00:27:44,267 --> 00:27:45,632 ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, 1007 00:27:45,634 --> 00:27:46,932 AND EDUCATION, AND 1008 00:27:46,934 --> 00:27:48,432 TO VIEW THIS SERIES ONLINE, 1009 00:27:48,434 --> 00:27:51,699 VISIT US AT WEDU.ORG/QUEST. 1010 00:27:51,701 --> 00:27:53,099 THANK YOU FOR WATCHING. 1011 00:27:53,101 --> 00:27:55,165 I'M DR. SHANNON McQUAIG. 1012 00:27:57,900 --> 00:28:22,099 ♪ 1013 00:28:22,101 --> 00:28:24,066 HELIOS EDUCATION 1014 00:28:24,068 --> 00:28:25,766 FOUNDATION, CELEBRATING TEN 1015 00:28:25,768 --> 00:28:27,066 YEARS OF CHANGING LIVES 1016 00:28:27,068 --> 00:28:28,366 THROUGH EDUCATION IN ARIZONA, 1017 00:28:28,368 --> 00:28:29,999 AND FLORIDA, IS PROUD TO 1018 00:28:30,001 --> 00:28:33,165 SUPPORT "WEDU QUEST." 1019 00:28:33,167 --> 00:28:33,965 YOU CAN LEARN MORE AT 1020 00:28:33,967 --> 00:28:35,165 HELIOS.ORG.