WEBVTT
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cc
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>> Welcome to University Place
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Presents.
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I'm Norman Gilliland.
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Whether it's a tiny piece of
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land somewhere in Wisconsin
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that's been restored or somehow
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saved in its original form, or
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something as big and monumental
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as Yosemite National Park, there
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is a tribute behind them to a
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single man who spent a good deal
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of time in Wisconsin, in fact
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some formative years.
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His name: John Muir.
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He was one of the co-founders
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of the Sierra Club.
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For that matter, he has many big
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firsts to his credit when it
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comes to our relationship with
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the land.
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And what was it about his early
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years in Wisconsin that shaped
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the thinking and the actions of
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John Muir?
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We'll find out from somebody who
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has spent a good time studying
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the life and work and even the
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artifacts of John Muir.
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He's Daniel Einstein.
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He's the manager of historic and
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cultural resources at the
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University of Wisconsin-Madison.
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Welcome to University Place
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Presents.
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>> Glad to be here.
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>> What got you interested in
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John Muir?
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>> Well, John Muir has been a
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figure in my life for many
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years.
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I actually grew up in the
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Midwest and moved to California,
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and one of my first places that
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I visited was Muir Woods just
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north of San Francisco.
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And I went on to work at Redwood
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National Park and fall in love
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with Yosemite and the Sierras
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and Redwood National Park.
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John Muir's imprint is all over
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California.
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Later, I came to Wisconsin to go
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to the Nelson Institute for
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Environmental Studies and
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discovered that there was a
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Wisconsin connection to Muir,
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and I've had a chance to pursue
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that connection over the last
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few years.
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>> I was not too long ago in
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Scotland, and lo and behold
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there is a tribute to John Muir
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there, not surprising since he
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came from Scotland, and what was
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his life like there?
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>> Well, he was in a large
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family, eight children.
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A fairly prosperous family in
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the town of Dunbar, Scotland.
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>> Not too far from Edinburgh.
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>> From Edinburgh, right.
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And his father was a successful
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merchant.
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But he was constrained in his
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ability to practice his
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religious interests in Scotland
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and decided that he would take
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his family to America.
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So here was a boy, 11 years old,
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who very much scampers about the
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countryside, an urban lifestyle,
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who's yanked out of school
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one day and boards a boat,
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comes to America.
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>> Was their intention to come
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originally to America?
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I mean, these are British
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citizens.
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>> Well, that's interesting.
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As I say, the father was looking
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for religious freedom, and as a
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British citizen his initial
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thought was he would go to
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Canada, that that might be the
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easiest route for him.
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But on the boat over, he's
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talking it over with some fellow
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emigrants and he's told that,
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no, Canada is much too difficult
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a place to make a living.
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>> They weren't trying to sell
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him land, were they?
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>> No, there were just too many
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trees.
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But there was this place in the
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Midwest called Wisconsin, where
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in a short while you could clear
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the land and plant your first
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crop of wheat.
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And, more importantly, in this
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area of southern Wisconsin you
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could access the two great
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watersheds of the continent:
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the Mississippi basin
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and the Great Lakes basin.
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Only separated by a mile between
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the two watersheds and the town
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of Portage.
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And as someone who was looking
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to become a farmer and to grow
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wheat, he thought being able to
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access the waterways and export
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through the Gulf of Mexico or
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out through the Atlantic, this
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would be the place to go.
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So he changes his plans
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midway across the Atlantic.
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>> And this would have been,
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what, about 1849 or so?
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>> 1849.
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The story goes that it was quite
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an abrupt departure.
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That he didn't really announce
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this to the family.
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He comes home one day and he
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says forget about your studies
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tonight, tomorrow we're going to
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America.
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And John, of course, is 10 years
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old at the time, is delighted,
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and he runs out into the streets
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and screams I'm going to America
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in a Scottish brogue of course.
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Every time I've tried Scottish
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brogue it comes out a hybrid
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between Italian and Yiddish, so
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I'm going to spare you that.
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He goes with his sister and
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brother, and they board a ship,
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a six-week passage across the
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Atlantic.
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They arrive in America.
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They get another boat, travel up
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the Hudson, travel across on the
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Erie Canal, another boat from
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Buffalo, land in Milwaukee, and
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get on an oxcart, and they head
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towards Marquette County.
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>> And so they have bought or
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are soon to buy this piece of
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land?
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>> They buy the land once they
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arrive.
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>> Sight unseen.
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>> Sight unseen.
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They use their Scottish clan
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connections, and they hear about
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this place near Montello,
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Wisconsin.
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It's about 50 miles north
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of Madison, where there's a
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combination of grasslands and
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widely scattered open oak
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openings.
06:42.666 --> 06:45.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And wheat, at the time, was the
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primary crop in Wisconsin.
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A lot of folks are unaware
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because of our dairy heritage
06:52.833 --> 06:54.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
that dairying was not the first
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crop, but wheat was.
06:57.100 --> 06:58.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> They weren't even using wheat
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for beer at that point, were
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they?
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>> I don't know.
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>> And does, well, farming of
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any kind, but in the mid-19th
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century in a place that's never
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been farmed before has got to be
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notoriously difficult.
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>> Well, it was backbreaking
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work.
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In Muir's autobiography, he
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writes a little bit about what
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it was like to arrive in this
07:24.733 --> 07:27.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
wilderness of Wisconsin.
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And let me read to you about his
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first impressions as he arrives
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at what they would later name
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Fountain Lake.
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He said: To this charming hut,
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in the sunny woods, overlooking
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a flowery glacier meadow and a
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lake rimmed with white
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water-lilies, we were hauled by
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an ox team across trackless
07:47.966 --> 07:50.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
carex swamps and low-rolling
07:50.333 --> 07:51.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
hills, sparsely dotted with
07:51.933 --> 07:54.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
round-headed oaks.
07:54.300 --> 07:56.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
This sudden plash into pure
07:56.466 --> 07:58.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
wildness, baptism in nature's
07:58.933 --> 08:00.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
warm heart, how utterly happy
08:00.766 --> 08:02.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
it made us.
08:02.200 --> 08:03.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
Nature streaming into us,
08:03.833 --> 08:05.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
wooingly teaching her wonderful
08:05.533 --> 08:07.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
glowing lessons.
08:07.166 --> 08:09.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
Here, without knowing it,
08:09.033 --> 08:11.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
we still were at school.
08:11.166 --> 08:13.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
Every wild lesson a love
08:13.500 --> 08:15.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
lesson, not whipped,
08:15.333 --> 08:17.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
but charmed into us.
08:17.000 --> 08:18.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
Oh, that glorious Wisconsin
08:18.833 --> 08:21.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
wilderness.
08:21.433 --> 08:23.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
You get a sense for his writing
08:23.566 --> 08:26.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
style, but this was, in many
08:26.900 --> 08:29.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
ways, a spiritual awakening for
08:29.866 --> 08:32.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
this young boy.
08:32.500 --> 08:34.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> It makes me wonder if he had
08:34.033 --> 08:36.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
been reading Thoreau.
08:36.100 --> 08:39.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> Well, he didn't have access
08:39.100 --> 08:42.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
to books as a young boy.
08:42.400 --> 08:47.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
His father was, well, to be
08:47.100 --> 08:49.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
generous, a religious zealot who
08:49.366 --> 08:52.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
insisted that all of his family
08:52.333 --> 08:54.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
read the one good book, the
08:54.900 --> 08:56.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
bible.
08:56.800 --> 08:58.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
And they were required to
08:58.500 --> 09:00.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
memorize it.
09:00.966 --> 09:05.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And Muir writes quite critically
09:05.033 --> 09:07.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
of the teaching technique that
09:07.766 --> 09:10.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
his father imposed.
09:10.166 --> 09:14.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
He said something to the effect
09:14.166 --> 09:16.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
that what the mind forgets the
09:16.033 --> 09:17.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
flesh remembers.
09:17.733 --> 09:19.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Which is to say he was whipped
09:19.766 --> 09:21.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
quite brutally on a regular
09:21.633 --> 09:23.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
basis if he did not mind his
09:23.433 --> 09:25.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
father, if he did not tend to
09:25.433 --> 09:28.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
his biblical lessons.
09:28.633 --> 09:31.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> It must have been difficult
09:31.633 --> 09:33.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
for him, and we have a view here
09:33.766 --> 09:36.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
of the place that he came to.
09:36.333 --> 09:38.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
It must have been difficult for
09:38.433 --> 09:40.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
him as such a lover of the
09:40.033 --> 09:42.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
outdoors to be so strictly
09:42.400 --> 09:44.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
controlled by his father.
09:44.833 --> 09:46.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
He seemed to have right away the
09:46.966 --> 09:48.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
impulse to just go running off
09:48.966 --> 09:51.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
into the woods and meadows.
09:51.466 --> 09:53.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Well, he was, what, 12 years
09:53.733 --> 09:55.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
old before his father put him to
09:55.666 --> 09:57.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
the plow.
09:57.666 --> 10:01.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And he would work on this farm
10:01.933 --> 10:04.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
and another farm for the next
10:04.600 --> 10:08.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
11-12 years, sometimes 17 hours
10:08.833 --> 10:12.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
a day, from sun-up to sundown.
10:12.433 --> 10:15.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
Meanwhile, his father was a
10:15.033 --> 10:17.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
preacher and would leave the
10:17.766 --> 10:20.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
farm on a regular basis to work
10:20.000 --> 10:23.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
the circuit, leaving his
10:23.600 --> 10:26.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
children to work the fields.
10:26.933 --> 10:28.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> Was this the proverbial log
10:28.700 --> 10:32.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
cabin American boyhood story?
10:32.033 --> 10:35.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> Well, initially there was a
10:35.566 --> 10:37.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
shanty, a burr oak shanty that
10:37.233 --> 10:39.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
they created.
10:39.600 --> 10:42.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
We saw the view from that shanty
10:42.400 --> 10:45.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
out across Fountain Lake.
10:45.833 --> 10:48.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
This combination of sedge meadow
10:48.433 --> 10:52.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
and bog and prairie.
10:52.533 --> 10:54.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And eventually they did build a
10:54.666 --> 10:57.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
fairly substantial home at
10:57.566 --> 10:59.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Fountain Lake, and it was there
10:59.800 --> 11:04.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
that they raised animals and
11:04.500 --> 11:08.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
raised their wheat.
11:08.400 --> 11:10.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> Those look like a pretty
11:10.066 --> 11:11.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
substantial and, if the picture
11:11.800 --> 11:13.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
is right, a fairly trim family
11:13.733 --> 11:16.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
home for the Muirs.
11:16.366 --> 11:18.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> They were fairly prosperous,
11:18.233 --> 11:19.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
but, remember, he had all the
11:19.866 --> 11:21.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
children working for him.
11:21.566 --> 11:23.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
They worked the land pretty
11:23.800 --> 11:26.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
hard.
11:26.300 --> 11:29.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And wheat is a kind of crop that
11:29.233 --> 11:32.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
exhausts the soil fairly
11:32.233 --> 11:34.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
rapidly.
11:34.366 --> 11:35.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> Presumably, they just have to
11:35.933 --> 11:38.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
move pretty soon.
11:38.200 --> 11:40.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> They lived there for about
11:40.400 --> 11:43.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
seven years before the father
11:43.866 --> 11:46.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
decides to pick up and move
11:46.233 --> 11:50.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
away.
11:50.333 --> 11:52.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And this was heartbreaking to
11:52.566 --> 11:55.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
John because of all the work
11:55.200 --> 11:57.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
they had put in to building this
11:57.533 --> 12:00.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
place, and, yet, here they were
12:00.100 --> 12:04.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
moving on to the next farm.
12:04.533 --> 12:07.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> Which, I assume, was at least
12:07.566 --> 12:10.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
fairly nearby.
12:10.100 --> 12:12.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
>> Yeah.
12:12.566 --> 12:14.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
The farm was about five to six
12:14.066 --> 12:16.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
miles down the road.
12:16.933 --> 12:20.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
But this Fountain Lake farm had
12:20.700 --> 12:24.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
this unique combination of
12:24.466 --> 12:27.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
different habitats and water,
12:27.766 --> 12:29.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
water in particular.
12:29.700 --> 12:31.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> And we get a view of the lake
12:31.333 --> 12:33.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
here.
12:33.033 --> 12:35.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> The lake plays an important
12:35.066 --> 12:37.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
role in his understanding of the
12:37.800 --> 12:41.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
landscape because we have these
12:41.166 --> 12:43.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
different ecosystems.
12:43.533 --> 12:44.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
We have the sedge meadow.
12:44.933 --> 12:46.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
We have the prairie.
12:46.166 --> 12:48.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
We have the bog.
12:48.166 --> 12:49.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
The farm they moved to, Hickory
12:49.900 --> 12:53.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Hill, is on a hill and no water
12:53.300 --> 12:56.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
to be found there.
12:56.300 --> 12:59.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
The lake plays an interesting
12:59.000 --> 13:01.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
role in one of his early
13:01.366 --> 13:02.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
adventures, which he writes
13:02.533 --> 13:03.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
about in his autobiography,
13:03.966 --> 13:05.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
"The Story
13:05.133 --> 13:07.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
of My Boyhood and Youth."
13:07.000 --> 13:09.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
He didn't know how to swim, and
13:09.133 --> 13:11.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
he's out on the lake one day and
13:11.266 --> 13:16.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
he's about to scare a friend of
13:16.600 --> 13:20.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
his who's on a boat.
13:20.200 --> 13:22.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
He approaches the boat, but
13:22.733 --> 13:25.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
instead of being able to grab
13:25.966 --> 13:29.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
the boat, he's drawn underwater,
13:29.300 --> 13:31.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
and he doesn't know how to swim.
13:31.966 --> 13:36.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
And he falls lower and lower
13:36.800 --> 13:39.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
into the lake, and he thinks
13:39.066 --> 13:42.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
he's about to die.
13:42.433 --> 13:45.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And he has this epiphany that he
13:45.966 --> 13:50.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
has to swim, that he must find
13:50.366 --> 13:53.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
the courage to drive himself
13:53.200 --> 13:55.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
back up to the top.
13:55.566 --> 13:58.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
And he's able to do this,
13:58.633 --> 14:02.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
gasping for breath, nearly
14:02.033 --> 14:05.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
drowning.
14:05.000 --> 14:07.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
But he's terribly embarrassed by
14:07.266 --> 14:10.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
this experience, and he wills
14:10.233 --> 14:14.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
himself to swim yet again the
14:14.600 --> 14:17.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
next day and the day after.
14:17.300 --> 14:18.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> That's a real exercise in
14:18.866 --> 14:20.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
overcoming fear.
14:20.833 --> 14:23.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Here is a man whose exploits
14:23.666 --> 14:25.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
later in life are well
14:25.900 --> 14:28.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
documented that he would go off
14:28.800 --> 14:30.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
into the wilderness for weeks at
14:30.700 --> 14:32.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
a time all by himself with but a
14:32.900 --> 14:36.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
crust of bread and a pouch of
14:36.666 --> 14:39.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:10%
tea.
14:39.400 --> 14:41.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And he would just will himself
14:41.633 --> 14:43.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
to survive in these very trying
14:43.666 --> 14:49.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
situations.
14:49.800 --> 14:51.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> Is this, what we're seeing
14:51.666 --> 14:53.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
here, a look at Fountain Lake
14:53.366 --> 14:55.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
today?
14:55.233 --> 14:56.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Fountain Lake today has been
14:56.800 --> 14:58.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
preserved.
14:58.366 --> 14:59.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> And is there water in there?
14:59.800 --> 15:01.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
>> There is water.
15:01.433 --> 15:03.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
That's a 30-acre lake which is
15:03.266 --> 15:05.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
just over the horizon of this
15:05.433 --> 15:08.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
view of the former home site.
15:08.233 --> 15:11.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
The property has been preserved
15:11.066 --> 15:14.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
as a county park and a state
15:14.566 --> 15:17.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
natural area.
15:17.200 --> 15:20.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And then the original homestead,
15:20.766 --> 15:25.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
the home 80, has been purchased
15:25.633 --> 15:28.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
by someone who is helping to
15:28.833 --> 15:31.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
preserve the site and has been
15:31.400 --> 15:34.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
able to get the home site
15:34.633 --> 15:36.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
designated as a national
15:36.700 --> 15:38.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
landmark.
15:38.700 --> 15:40.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Did he bond as well with the
15:40.366 --> 15:41.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Hickory Hill property as he had
15:41.866 --> 15:43.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
with the Fountain Lake?
15:43.800 --> 15:45.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> Well, Hickory Hill, as I
15:45.800 --> 15:48.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
said, was the second farm, a
15:48.766 --> 15:51.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
different landscape, a dry,
15:51.433 --> 15:53.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
sandy landscape.
15:53.833 --> 15:57.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
And he talks about that
15:57.833 --> 16:01.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
transition to the new farm.
16:01.633 --> 16:04.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
He writes: After eight years
16:04.466 --> 16:06.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
of dreary work of clearing the
16:06.300 --> 16:08.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Fountain Lake farm, fencing it
16:08.233 --> 16:09.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
and getting it in perfect
16:09.600 --> 16:11.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
order, building a frame house
16:11.100 --> 16:12.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
and the necessary outbuildings
16:12.733 --> 16:14.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
for the cattle and horses,
16:14.233 --> 16:15.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
after all this had been
16:15.533 --> 16:17.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
victoriously accomplished and
16:17.300 --> 16:19.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
we had made out to escape with
16:19.000 --> 16:21.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
life, father bought a half
16:21.133 --> 16:22.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
section of wild land about
16:22.800 --> 16:24.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
four or five miles to the
16:24.866 --> 16:27.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
southeast and began all over
16:27.066 --> 16:29.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
again to clear and fence and
16:29.433 --> 16:31.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
breakup the fields for a new
16:31.233 --> 16:32.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
farm, doubling all the
16:32.766 --> 16:34.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
stunting, heartbreaking
16:34.800 --> 16:36.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
chopping, grubbing,
16:36.033 --> 16:37.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
stump-digging, rail-splitting,
16:37.933 --> 16:39.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
fence-building, barn-building,
16:39.200 --> 16:42.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
house-building.
16:42.000 --> 16:43.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
We called our second farm
16:43.333 --> 16:45.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Hickory Hill Farm for its many
16:45.666 --> 16:47.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
fine hickory trees and the
16:47.033 --> 16:48.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
long, gentle slope leading
16:48.666 --> 16:50.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
up to it.
16:50.366 --> 16:52.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
The land was better for
16:52.300 --> 16:54.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
farming, but it had no living
16:54.766 --> 16:57.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
water, no spring, or stream,
16:57.566 --> 16:58.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
or meadow.
16:58.966 --> 17:01.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
So, clearly, his association
17:01.033 --> 17:03.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
with the Fountain Lake property
17:03.433 --> 17:06.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
was much stronger,
17:06.366 --> 17:09.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
but he did as he was told.
17:09.700 --> 17:13.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
They built this fine house, fine
17:13.000 --> 17:16.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
brick house, and it was here,
17:16.100 --> 17:19.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
from the time he was, oh, let's
17:19.400 --> 17:22.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
see, 17 to about 22, where he
17:22.100 --> 17:25.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
lived.
17:25.200 --> 17:26.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> Now, this is starting to look
17:26.966 --> 17:28.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
like a classic 19th century
17:28.566 --> 17:30.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
Wisconsin farmhouse.
17:30.866 --> 17:33.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> It's a substantial house and
17:33.533 --> 17:35.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
barn that they built there.
17:35.433 --> 17:38.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
One of the iconic stories from
17:38.533 --> 17:41.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
his time on Hickory Hill Farm
17:41.133 --> 17:44.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
was digging the well.
17:44.166 --> 17:46.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
As he says, there's no water.
17:46.366 --> 17:48.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
They're at the top of the hill,
17:48.500 --> 17:50.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
and one of the first assignments
17:50.333 --> 17:52.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
that his father gives him is to
17:52.066 --> 17:54.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
dig the well through the solid
17:54.866 --> 17:57.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
sandstone rock.
17:57.100 --> 18:00.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And each morning he would go out
18:00.233 --> 18:03.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
with a hammer and a stone
18:03.033 --> 18:05.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
chisel, and he would literally
18:05.266 --> 18:07.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
chip away at the solid stone.
18:07.300 --> 18:09.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And he worked at this for weeks
18:09.200 --> 18:11.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
each morning.
18:11.233 --> 18:12.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Without knowing how far down
18:12.733 --> 18:14.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
the water would be.
18:14.100 --> 18:15.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> It's down there somewhere.
18:15.866 --> 18:17.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> Could be 50 feet; could be
18:17.533 --> 18:19.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
250 feet.
18:19.300 --> 18:21.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> They had no way of knowing.
18:21.800 --> 18:23.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
It was close to the house.
18:23.766 --> 18:25.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
You want the well close to the
18:25.100 --> 18:26.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
house.
18:26.566 --> 18:28.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
But, no, he had no way of
18:28.100 --> 18:29.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
knowing.
18:29.600 --> 18:31.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
They set up a tripod with a
18:31.166 --> 18:33.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
pulley and a bucket and rope
18:33.233 --> 18:36.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
system so that midday John would
18:36.066 --> 18:40.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
load the little chips of rock
18:40.100 --> 18:42.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
into the bucket and his father
18:42.200 --> 18:44.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
would haul them up to the
18:44.000 --> 18:46.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
surface and they would empty the
18:46.100 --> 18:47.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
bucket and then have his lunch,
18:47.866 --> 18:49.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
he'd go back down into the hole
18:49.466 --> 18:51.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
and work by himself in this
18:51.400 --> 18:53.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
three-foot diameter shaft.
18:53.733 --> 18:56.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Three feet, and he's 40, 50,
18:56.333 --> 18:58.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
60 feet down?
18:58.233 --> 19:01.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> He got to 80 feet, and one
19:01.400 --> 19:04.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
morning his father is lowering
19:04.766 --> 19:08.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
him down into this dark, narrow
19:08.100 --> 19:10.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
shaft and he's immediately
19:10.933 --> 19:13.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
overcome by what is referred to
19:13.366 --> 19:15.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
as choke damp, which is an
19:15.266 --> 19:16.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
accumulation of carbon dioxide
19:16.966 --> 19:18.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
gases.
19:18.833 --> 19:20.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And, for some reason, they knew
19:20.433 --> 19:24.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
nothing of this threat.
19:24.300 --> 19:27.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
He immediately losses
19:27.166 --> 19:30.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
consciousness, and right before
19:30.600 --> 19:33.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
he goes blank, he calls out to
19:33.266 --> 19:36.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
his father and his father
19:36.000 --> 19:38.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
instructs him to grab hold of
19:38.833 --> 19:40.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
the bucket.
19:40.766 --> 19:42.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And clinging to the bucket, his
19:42.700 --> 19:44.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
father hauls him 80 feet to the
19:44.300 --> 19:46.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
surface, unconscious, near
19:46.000 --> 19:49.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
death.
19:49.266 --> 19:51.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Well, what they learned from
19:51.166 --> 19:54.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
their neighbors who were miners,
19:54.033 --> 19:56.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
this accumulation of gas in the
19:56.800 --> 19:59.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
mine can be cleared away.
19:59.266 --> 20:01.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
It can be stirred up, and you
20:01.566 --> 20:05.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
can return to the shaft.
20:05.600 --> 20:07.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
After just a few days of
20:07.266 --> 20:08.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
recovery, what does his father
20:08.966 --> 20:10.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:7.5%
do?
20:10.900 --> 20:12.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
He sends him back down to finish
20:12.733 --> 20:15.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
the job.
20:15.000 --> 20:16.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> So just as he has overcome
20:16.733 --> 20:18.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
his fear of drowning, he has to
20:18.966 --> 20:20.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
overcome this fear of
20:20.600 --> 20:22.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
suffocating at the bottom of a
20:22.200 --> 20:23.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
mine.
20:23.766 --> 20:25.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> I can't imagine after being
20:25.433 --> 20:27.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
that close to death to being
20:27.066 --> 20:28.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
told this is what we do.
20:28.933 --> 20:30.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
You have no choice.
20:30.700 --> 20:32.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
Go back down and finish.
20:32.300 --> 20:33.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Apparently it was only another
20:33.900 --> 20:35.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
10 feet before they struck
20:35.666 --> 20:37.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
water.
20:37.333 --> 20:39.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And that well is still present
20:39.400 --> 20:41.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
on the farm.
20:41.300 --> 20:42.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
They've built a windmill over
20:42.800 --> 20:44.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
the top of it.
20:44.400 --> 20:45.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
>> We saw that.
20:45.833 --> 20:47.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
>> Of the well head.
20:47.966 --> 20:49.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
The farm is privately owned by
20:49.900 --> 20:51.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
the same family that bought it
20:51.333 --> 20:53.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
from the Muirs.
20:53.133 --> 20:54.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
>> Oh, really.
20:54.666 --> 20:56.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
>> Back in the 1870s.
20:56.500 --> 20:58.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Well, it must be a good spot
20:58.033 --> 20:59.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
then.
20:59.733 --> 21:01.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Well, as John Muir gets into his
21:01.766 --> 21:05.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
teens, he faces a decision as to
21:05.866 --> 21:08.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
whether to stay on the family
21:08.300 --> 21:11.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
farm or strike out on his own.
21:11.300 --> 21:13.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> You know, he stays on the
21:13.933 --> 21:16.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
farm until he's 22 years old,
21:16.366 --> 21:18.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
which is longer than most young
21:18.366 --> 21:21.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
men would have stuck around.
21:21.366 --> 21:23.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
But he's very attached to his
21:23.766 --> 21:25.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
family and his brothers and his
21:25.733 --> 21:27.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
sisters.
21:27.266 --> 21:30.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
But he hungers for something
21:30.366 --> 21:32.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
more.
21:32.533 --> 21:35.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Now, I said that he had no books
21:35.900 --> 21:38.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
as a young boy, but through his
21:38.833 --> 21:41.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
teen years he is able to find
21:41.166 --> 21:45.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
books that he borrows from
21:45.000 --> 21:47.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
neighbors.
21:47.533 --> 21:50.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
Sometimes surreptitiously,
21:50.666 --> 21:52.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
sneaking them into the house.
21:52.766 --> 21:54.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> Is he home-schooled through
21:54.433 --> 21:55.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
these years, or does he actually
21:55.933 --> 21:57.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
go to a local school?
21:57.466 --> 21:59.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> The only record we have is
21:59.366 --> 22:00.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
that he might have attended
22:00.900 --> 22:02.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
school for a couple of months
22:02.833 --> 22:04.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
between the time he is 11,
22:04.966 --> 22:06.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
leaving Scotland, and the time
22:06.833 --> 22:10.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
he leaves to go to Madison.
22:10.066 --> 22:13.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
So he's teaching himself.
22:13.433 --> 22:15.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
He's home-schooled in a sense,
22:15.000 --> 22:16.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
but he has no formal
22:16.533 --> 22:18.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
instruction.
22:18.933 --> 22:21.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
He teaches himself algebra and
22:21.000 --> 22:24.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
trigonometry and physics, and he
22:24.266 --> 22:28.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
starts reading the great poets
22:28.133 --> 22:30.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
and the classics, teaching
22:30.600 --> 22:32.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
himself Latin and Greek.
22:32.500 --> 22:34.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> Does his father approve of
22:34.266 --> 22:36.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
this learning?
22:36.300 --> 22:39.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
>> His father initially is
22:39.800 --> 22:43.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
restricting his education
22:43.933 --> 22:47.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
because the bible has all the
22:47.866 --> 22:50.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
truth that one might need to
22:50.833 --> 22:54.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
live a good life.
22:54.266 --> 22:57.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
There are stories of him taking
22:57.966 --> 23:00.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
time in the middle of the day to
23:00.133 --> 23:01.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
scribble out math problems in
23:01.933 --> 23:06.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
the dirt in between the harvest
23:06.633 --> 23:12.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
and the planting season.
23:12.466 --> 23:17.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
He begs his father to allow him
23:17.466 --> 23:21.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
to study, allow him to work on
23:21.466 --> 23:23.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
some of his inventions.
23:23.566 --> 23:25.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
He becomes very interested in
23:25.700 --> 23:29.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
mechanical contrivances.
23:29.500 --> 23:31.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> Is he starting to invent
23:31.133 --> 23:32.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
things on the farm then?
23:32.800 --> 23:34.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
>> Pardon me?
23:34.200 --> 23:35.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> Is he starting to invent
23:35.633 --> 23:37.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
things on the farm?
23:37.066 --> 23:38.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> He does come up with some
23:38.700 --> 23:40.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
inventions that help feed the
23:40.700 --> 23:43.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
animals, but his primary
23:43.466 --> 23:45.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
inventions seem to be centered
23:45.600 --> 23:47.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
around clocks.
23:47.400 --> 23:49.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
He doesn't have, I think there
23:49.333 --> 23:50.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
may have been one clock in the
23:50.866 --> 23:53.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
household, but mostly he learns
23:53.566 --> 23:55.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
about clocks and time from these
23:55.766 --> 23:59.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
books that he's able to borrow.
23:59.700 --> 24:01.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> Here's one of these devices
24:01.500 --> 24:04.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
that he has put together.
24:04.066 --> 24:06.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Something called a scythe clock.
24:06.166 --> 24:07.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
>> A scythe clock, right.
24:07.966 --> 24:10.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
It's a whimsical contraption
24:10.500 --> 24:12.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
that he invents.
24:12.466 --> 24:14.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
A scythe is a tool that one uses
24:14.666 --> 24:20.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
in the fields to cut wheat.
24:20.400 --> 24:23.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
That implement that father time
24:23.066 --> 24:25.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
and The Grim Reaper carry around
24:25.033 --> 24:27.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
with them.
24:27.000 --> 24:29.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
And he uses just a whittling
24:29.733 --> 24:34.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
knife to carve gears and cogs
24:34.433 --> 24:36.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
which he assembles on the blade
24:36.933 --> 24:41.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
of his scythe, and suspended
24:41.300 --> 24:44.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
from the blade is a pendulum
24:44.233 --> 24:47.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
which he makes out of arrows
24:47.133 --> 24:49.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
that are counterweighted with
24:49.666 --> 24:51.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
old copper pennies that he
24:51.933 --> 24:54.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
pounds out into arrowheads.
24:54.666 --> 24:57.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
And this arrowhead pendulum
24:57.933 --> 25:02.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
drives the gears that provide
25:02.233 --> 25:04.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
both the seconds, minutes, the
25:04.966 --> 25:08.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
hours on his scythe clock.
25:08.000 --> 25:09.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> What is the actual function,
25:09.266 --> 25:10.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
a purpose for this scythe clock?
25:10.800 --> 25:11.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
>> To tell time.
25:11.966 --> 25:13.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
>> To tell time.
25:13.266 --> 25:15.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
>> And what's, I think,
25:15.866 --> 25:18.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
fascinating about this very
25:18.200 --> 25:20.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
early invention of his, he
25:20.633 --> 25:23.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
carves on the handle, the
25:23.266 --> 25:26.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
re-curved handle, the biblical
25:26.033 --> 25:29.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
verse all flesh is grass, which
25:29.200 --> 25:32.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
I think can be interpreted many
25:32.266 --> 25:33.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
different ways.
25:33.866 --> 25:35.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
>> Yes.
25:35.400 --> 25:38.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Don't be so vain, you may be
25:38.000 --> 25:39.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
flesh today but tomorrow you're
25:39.866 --> 25:42.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
grass, that life is fleeting.
25:42.333 --> 25:45.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
But I also think it portends
25:45.166 --> 25:48.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
some of his thinking about
25:48.466 --> 25:52.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
immortality.
25:52.200 --> 25:54.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
That flesh is grass
25:54.900 --> 25:56.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
and grass is flesh.
25:56.700 --> 25:58.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
>> This cycle.
25:58.533 --> 25:59.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
>> This cycle of life,
25:59.933 --> 26:01.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
this carbon cycle, this
26:01.200 --> 26:04.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
interconnectedness of all
26:04.133 --> 26:06.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
things, which is an important
26:06.933 --> 26:10.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
theme in his later writings.
26:10.100 --> 26:11.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> And he would be very aware of
26:11.766 --> 26:13.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
that as being on the farm over a
26:13.400 --> 26:15.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
period of time where he could
26:15.100 --> 26:17.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
see this annual cycle or
26:17.666 --> 26:19.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
lifetime cycles taking place.
26:19.533 --> 26:21.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
>> Absolutely.
26:21.400 --> 26:23.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
His connection to farm animals
26:23.733 --> 26:26.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
but as well as the birds and the
26:26.400 --> 26:30.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
animals that live in and among
26:30.900 --> 26:33.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
the fields where he is working.
26:33.200 --> 26:36.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
He's very aware of both the
26:36.700 --> 26:38.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
animals and the trees and the
26:38.600 --> 26:41.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
flowers.
26:41.033 --> 26:43.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
Fascinated from his very
26:43.100 --> 26:44.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
youngest days.
26:44.266 --> 26:45.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> How does it come about then
26:45.433 --> 26:46.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
that he leaves the farm at the
26:46.500 --> 26:48.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
age of 22?
26:48.033 --> 26:53.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
>> Well, he's inventing.
26:53.600 --> 26:55.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Let me just tell you about one
26:55.266 --> 26:57.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
of his earlier inventions that
26:57.633 --> 27:01.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
he creates.
27:01.633 --> 27:05.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
It's a self-setting sawmill.
27:05.900 --> 27:08.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
>> There it is there.
27:08.666 --> 27:13.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> The self-setting sawmill, say
27:13.500 --> 27:16.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
that 10 times, is a model that
27:16.366 --> 27:19.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
he creates in his early teens.
27:19.600 --> 27:23.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
At the time, sawmills had a
27:23.000 --> 27:24.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
single blade and you would drive
27:24.866 --> 27:27.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
the log through the sawmill.
27:27.000 --> 27:28.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
>> A circular blade.
27:28.700 --> 27:30.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
>> A circular blade.
27:30.600 --> 27:32.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
But each time the log goes
27:32.566 --> 27:34.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
through the sawmill, you'd have
27:34.300 --> 27:37.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
to reset the spacing so that you
27:37.000 --> 27:39.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
would get a standard dimension
27:39.033 --> 27:40.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
lumber.
27:40.600 --> 27:42.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
>> Right.
27:42.200 --> 27:43.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> And so he sees that there's
27:43.833 --> 27:45.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
an opportunity to create a
27:45.366 --> 27:48.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
carriage that will allow a
27:48.433 --> 27:51.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
standard offset to be created
27:51.833 --> 27:54.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
each time the log passes the
27:54.466 --> 27:56.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
blade and so you get a standard
27:56.633 --> 27:59.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
board.
27:59.333 --> 28:01.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> A standard board each time.
28:01.200 --> 28:02.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
>> Right.
28:02.866 --> 28:04.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
So he takes this model, and I
28:04.700 --> 28:06.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
think this is a wonderful story,
28:06.733 --> 28:08.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
he takes this model down to a
28:08.966 --> 28:10.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
stream, he's still living at
28:10.733 --> 28:12.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Fountain Lake, and he dams the
28:12.733 --> 28:14.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
stream to create the water power
28:14.600 --> 28:17.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
to drive this model sawmill.
28:17.133 --> 28:20.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
And he sees that it is good.
28:20.133 --> 28:21.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
Almost biblical sounding.
28:21.566 --> 28:22.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> Yeah, I was going to say,
28:22.700 --> 28:23.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
right.
28:23.666 --> 28:24.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> He sees that it is good, and
28:24.700 --> 28:25.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
he decides that that's enough.
28:25.966 --> 28:27.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
That his concept for this
28:27.766 --> 28:30.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
machine is good and it works and
28:30.066 --> 28:31.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
he moves on.
28:31.866 --> 28:34.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
Of course, later in life, the
28:34.166 --> 28:36.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
irony here is that he works
28:36.766 --> 28:38.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
tirelessly against damming
28:38.766 --> 28:42.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
projects throughout the west.
28:42.366 --> 28:46.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
And his ire is often raised
28:46.600 --> 28:47.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
against the clear-cutting of
28:47.966 --> 28:50.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
trees.
28:50.066 --> 28:52.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
But here he is building a
28:52.066 --> 28:54.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
sawmill in his youth.
28:54.666 --> 28:56.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
Well, he is known in the
28:56.800 --> 28:59.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
neighborhood for inventions.
28:59.800 --> 29:01.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
He builds clocks.
29:01.666 --> 29:03.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
He builds the sawmill.
29:03.766 --> 29:08.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And one day he meets a friend on
29:08.533 --> 29:10.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
the road, and the friend says,
29:10.600 --> 29:12.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
you know, down in Madison
29:12.666 --> 29:14.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
they're about to have the State
29:14.533 --> 29:16.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
Fair.
29:16.133 --> 29:18.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
I bet that if you gather some of
29:18.333 --> 29:20.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
your inventions, go to the State
29:20.066 --> 29:21.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Fair, put them on display that
29:21.866 --> 29:24.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
many people will approach you
29:24.166 --> 29:26.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
and offer you a job as an
29:26.133 --> 29:27.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
engineer or someone to work in
29:27.633 --> 29:30.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
their factory.
29:30.033 --> 29:32.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And this is the opportunity that
29:32.300 --> 29:34.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
he's looking for.
29:34.133 --> 29:36.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
So he announces that he's going
29:36.166 --> 29:38.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
to Madison.
29:38.200 --> 29:41.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
His parents are not necessarily
29:41.533 --> 29:45.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
enthused about losing their son,
29:45.300 --> 29:46.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
but they realize that he must
29:46.966 --> 29:50.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:7.5%
go.
29:50.000 --> 29:52.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
So he bundles up his inventions,
29:52.500 --> 29:54.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
and he heads to Pardeeville.
29:54.800 --> 29:56.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Sort of the train line ends.
29:56.900 --> 29:59.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> That's where the train is.
29:59.600 --> 30:01.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
It's about nine miles away.
30:01.466 --> 30:02.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And the interesting thing about
30:02.966 --> 30:04.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
this is that here he has been in
30:04.800 --> 30:11.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Wisconsin now for 11 years, and
30:11.333 --> 30:14.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
he's never traveled more than a
30:14.400 --> 30:16.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
few miles away from the home
30:16.200 --> 30:17.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
farm.
30:17.766 --> 30:19.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> Yeah, probably not at all
30:19.400 --> 30:21.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
unusual back then.
30:21.733 --> 30:23.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> In fact, his father only
30:23.433 --> 30:25.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
allowed him Sundays off and two
30:25.566 --> 30:27.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
days of vacation throughout this
30:27.566 --> 30:29.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
11-year period.
30:29.866 --> 30:32.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
New Years and the 4th of July.
30:32.666 --> 30:34.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Those are his only days off.
30:34.366 --> 30:36.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
>> Not even Christmas.
30:36.233 --> 30:38.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
Too lavish, too garish a
30:38.033 --> 30:39.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
celebration.
30:39.733 --> 30:41.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
>> I don't know.
30:41.466 --> 30:44.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
But here he is, he's been
30:44.133 --> 30:45.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
cloistered on this farm for 11
30:45.933 --> 30:47.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
years.
30:47.700 --> 30:49.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
He remembers the trains from
30:49.266 --> 30:50.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Scotland, but he has not seen a
30:50.900 --> 30:52.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
train.
30:52.466 --> 30:54.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
He has not traveled more than a
30:54.066 --> 30:56.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
few miles from home.
30:56.566 --> 30:58.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
He attracts attention
30:58.000 --> 30:59.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
immediately in Pardeeville.
30:59.700 --> 31:01.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
They say, who is this boy, and
31:01.600 --> 31:03.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
what are you doing with this
31:03.266 --> 31:06.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
strange bundle of inventions?
31:06.100 --> 31:08.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And when the trains arrives, the
31:08.466 --> 31:13.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
stationmaster asks the engineer
31:13.433 --> 31:16.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
if this boy, who's going to
31:16.166 --> 31:18.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Madison to exhibit at the State
31:18.133 --> 31:19.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Fair, could travel up in the
31:19.900 --> 31:22.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
engine.
31:22.433 --> 31:25.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And, reluctantly, the engineer
31:25.100 --> 31:26.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
allows him to climb up onto the
31:26.933 --> 31:29.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
locomotive, and they head south
31:29.166 --> 31:32.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
to Madison.
31:32.400 --> 31:34.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Well, it wasn't good enough to
31:34.000 --> 31:36.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
be traveling with the engineer.
31:36.000 --> 31:38.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
He asks if he can climb out onto
31:38.033 --> 31:40.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
the engine to get closer to the
31:40.100 --> 31:43.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
wheels and the drive mechanisms.
31:43.100 --> 31:44.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> This is before liability
31:44.666 --> 31:46.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
laws.
31:46.366 --> 31:47.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
>> Yeah.
31:47.900 --> 31:49.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
And, again, reluctantly the
31:49.600 --> 31:51.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
engineer says sure.
31:51.566 --> 31:53.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
He climbs out and that's not
31:53.100 --> 31:54.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
good enough.
31:54.733 --> 31:56.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
He climbs out onto the
31:56.300 --> 31:58.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
cowcatcher on the front of the
31:58.066 --> 31:59.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
train, and this is how he rides
31:59.766 --> 32:01.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
into Madison.
32:01.733 --> 32:03.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> That's how he comes into
32:03.166 --> 32:04.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
Madison.
32:04.600 --> 32:06.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
>> He comes into Madison.
32:06.066 --> 32:07.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> This is some idea of what
32:07.433 --> 32:08.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
he'll see there.
32:08.800 --> 32:10.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
He'll see this view of Madison
32:10.333 --> 32:11.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
at about that time.
32:11.700 --> 32:13.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> So, it's September 1860, and
32:13.600 --> 32:15.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
he goes to the fairgrounds.
32:15.600 --> 32:17.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
On the hill is the Fine Arts
32:17.366 --> 32:19.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
Hall.
32:19.066 --> 32:21.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
The Fine Arts Hall is where all
32:21.966 --> 32:24.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
of the exhibits are being held.
32:24.166 --> 32:26.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
The Fine Arts Hall is roughly
32:26.833 --> 32:29.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
where the west stands of the
32:29.300 --> 32:31.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Camp Randall Football Stadium is
32:31.266 --> 32:32.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
along Breese Terrace, the
32:32.866 --> 32:34.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
largest structure at the
32:34.866 --> 32:38.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
fairgrounds.
32:38.700 --> 32:40.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And he's met there, again, all
32:40.800 --> 32:44.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
according to his unbiased
32:44.633 --> 32:46.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
autobiography, he's met with
32:46.933 --> 32:54.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
with intrigue and excitement.
32:54.200 --> 32:56.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
What is this that you have?
32:56.066 --> 32:57.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And he says, well, I've got some
32:57.533 --> 32:58.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
inventions.
32:58.966 --> 33:00.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And the professor who's minding
33:00.833 --> 33:02.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
the hall says, pick any place
33:02.900 --> 33:05.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
for your exhibit, I'll get you a
33:05.200 --> 33:06.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
carpenter and we'll build you a
33:06.600 --> 33:08.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
shelf.
33:08.000 --> 33:09.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And he sets up his scythe clock
33:09.733 --> 33:12.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
and he sets up one of his other
33:12.400 --> 33:14.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
clocks which he attaches to
33:14.833 --> 33:16.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
something called his early
33:16.633 --> 33:18.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
rising bed.
33:18.766 --> 33:20.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> Ah, the early rising bed.
33:20.333 --> 33:21.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> The early rising bed is at
33:21.766 --> 33:23.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
the exhibit.
33:23.166 --> 33:24.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And this is a great sensation.
33:24.900 --> 33:26.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
In fact, the Wisconsin State
33:26.800 --> 33:29.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Journal writes and article about
33:29.266 --> 33:32.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
this man, this man-boy from the
33:32.600 --> 33:35.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
hinterlands who's come to
33:35.333 --> 33:38.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Madison, the ingenuous whittler
33:38.266 --> 33:40.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
and his early rising bed.
33:40.766 --> 33:42.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> How was it supposed to work?
33:42.933 --> 33:44.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> How is it supposed to work?
33:44.533 --> 33:45.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
It's a clock again.
33:45.966 --> 33:48.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
It's a series of cogs and wheels
33:48.266 --> 33:50.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
that are attached to a
33:50.100 --> 33:53.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
counterweight.
33:53.833 --> 33:55.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
It's a three-legged bed.
33:55.833 --> 33:58.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Two legs are at the head of the
33:58.033 --> 34:00.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
bed and a third leg in the
34:00.233 --> 34:01.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
center.
34:01.866 --> 34:03.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And that third leg has an elbow.
34:03.900 --> 34:06.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
The elbow joint is held in place
34:06.100 --> 34:08.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
with a peg, and attached to that
34:08.666 --> 34:11.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
peg is a cord.
34:11.000 --> 34:13.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And so he sets the clock for a
34:13.233 --> 34:15.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
few minutes and asks one of the
34:15.733 --> 34:18.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
young boys in the audience to
34:18.033 --> 34:20.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
come and lay on his bed, and
34:20.433 --> 34:23.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
after a few minutes the pendulum
34:23.166 --> 34:26.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
drives the gears which trips the
34:26.800 --> 34:29.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
escapement which allows the
34:29.766 --> 34:32.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
counterweight to drop, pulling
34:32.166 --> 34:35.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
the cord, yanking the peg out of
34:35.266 --> 34:39.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
the elbowed joint, and the
34:39.300 --> 34:41.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
bottom of the bed falls to the
34:41.500 --> 34:43.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
ground, and the unsuspecting
34:43.833 --> 34:47.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
occupant falls in a heap.
34:47.133 --> 34:49.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
People loved this.
34:49.566 --> 34:51.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
In fact, he writes later that he
34:51.233 --> 34:52.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
tries to patent this idea, and
34:52.800 --> 34:54.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
several of these beds he
34:54.766 --> 34:56.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
fabricates and sells as a
34:56.500 --> 34:58.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
student trying to make a little
34:58.500 --> 35:00.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
extra money.
35:00.033 --> 35:03.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
I'm still looking for that bed.
35:03.333 --> 35:05.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
I'm persuaded there's one of
35:05.433 --> 35:07.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
them sitting in someone's attic.
35:07.466 --> 35:08.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
>> If not their dorm room.
35:08.466 --> 35:09.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
[LAUGHTER]
35:09.600 --> 35:10.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
>> In their dorm room.
35:10.666 --> 35:13.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Well, this experience at the
35:13.100 --> 35:18.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
fair is successful in as much as
35:18.266 --> 35:20.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
the other great attraction at
35:20.700 --> 35:23.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
the fair is a man who brings an
35:23.033 --> 35:25.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
iceboat.
35:25.233 --> 35:27.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
This is a boat that would allow
35:27.966 --> 35:30.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
someone to traverse the frozen
35:30.066 --> 35:33.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
rivers of Wisconsin.
35:33.733 --> 35:38.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And this man invites him to come
35:38.366 --> 35:41.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
to his shop in Prairie du Chien,
35:41.133 --> 35:43.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
and he will mentor him and he
35:43.033 --> 35:44.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
will teach him the mechanical
35:44.766 --> 35:46.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
trades.
35:46.400 --> 35:48.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And so he leaves Madison after
35:48.633 --> 35:51.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
the fair and heads out to
35:51.200 --> 35:54.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
Prairie du Chien.
35:54.633 --> 35:57.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Well, it turns out that this
35:57.666 --> 36:00.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
ice-breaking steam-driven boat
36:00.033 --> 36:03.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
is a technological failure,
36:03.300 --> 36:07.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
and it sinks.
36:07.133 --> 36:08.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> We'd call that a failure for
36:08.833 --> 36:10.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
any boat.
36:10.266 --> 36:11.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
>> Yep.
36:11.766 --> 36:13.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> Except maybe a submarine.
36:13.400 --> 36:14.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> And so he makes his way back
36:14.833 --> 36:16.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
to Madison.
36:16.533 --> 36:19.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
I imagine him, without
36:19.333 --> 36:21.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
projecting too much, like so
36:21.700 --> 36:25.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
many young men who are lost.
36:25.100 --> 36:26.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
He doesn't know what to do.
36:26.933 --> 36:28.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
He knows he has to leave his
36:28.533 --> 36:30.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
family.
36:30.533 --> 36:32.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
His first venture into the
36:32.533 --> 36:35.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
working world is a failure, and
36:35.500 --> 36:37.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
he wanders over to the campus.
36:37.833 --> 36:41.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And of course he's enthralled by
36:41.400 --> 36:44.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
what he sees there.
36:44.500 --> 36:47.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
Here's what he writes about
36:47.166 --> 36:49.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
seeing the university campus.
36:49.766 --> 36:50.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
He says: No University,
36:50.800 --> 36:53.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
it seemed to me, could be more
36:53.200 --> 36:54.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
admirably situated, and as I
36:54.966 --> 36:56.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
sauntered about it, charmed
36:56.733 --> 36:58.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
with its fine lawns and trees
36:58.466 --> 37:00.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
and beautiful lakes, and saw
37:00.166 --> 37:01.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
the students going and coming
37:01.533 --> 37:02.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
with their books, and
37:02.666 --> 37:04.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
occasionally practicing with
37:04.100 --> 37:05.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
a theodolite in measuring
37:05.466 --> 37:07.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
distances, I thought that
37:07.133 --> 37:08.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
if I could only join them
37:08.833 --> 37:10.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
it would be the greatest joy
37:10.200 --> 37:11.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
of life.
37:11.733 --> 37:13.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
I was desperately hungry and
37:13.666 --> 37:15.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
thirsty for knowledge and
37:15.600 --> 37:17.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
willing to endure anything to
37:17.233 --> 37:19.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
get it.
37:19.033 --> 37:20.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And he chances upon a student
37:20.900 --> 37:23.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
who'd seen him at the fair,
37:23.233 --> 37:25.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
said aren't you that John Muir?
37:25.900 --> 37:27.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And he said, yeah, yeah, I would
37:27.900 --> 37:30.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
love to come study here,
37:30.266 --> 37:34.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
but I don't know how to get in.
37:34.166 --> 37:35.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
>> Don't have the tuition
37:35.200 --> 37:36.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
either, perhaps.
37:36.233 --> 37:37.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> I don't have the tuition.
37:37.466 --> 37:38.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
I've never gone to school.
37:38.666 --> 37:39.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
I haven't been to school since I
37:39.800 --> 37:41.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
was 11 years old.
37:41.166 --> 37:42.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
He says, no problem.
37:42.500 --> 37:44.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
Go and talk to Professor
37:44.433 --> 37:46.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Sterling, who was the acting
37:46.933 --> 37:48.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
chancellor of the university,
37:48.666 --> 37:50.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
and plead your case.
37:50.333 --> 37:51.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And he said, but I don't have
37:51.266 --> 37:52.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
any money.
37:52.166 --> 37:53.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
He says, no problem.
37:53.433 --> 37:55.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
He says, very little is
37:55.266 --> 37:58.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
required.
37:58.166 --> 38:00.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
I'm presume you're able to enter
38:00.000 --> 38:01.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
the freshman class and you can
38:01.866 --> 38:03.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
board yourself as quite a number
38:03.933 --> 38:05.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
of us do at a cost of about a
38:05.200 --> 38:06.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
dollar a week.
38:06.566 --> 38:07.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
The baker and milkman come every
38:07.933 --> 38:09.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
day, and you can live on bread
38:09.700 --> 38:12.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
and milk.
38:12.000 --> 38:14.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
This is the 1860s version of a
38:14.700 --> 38:16.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
student diet based on Ramen.
38:16.233 --> 38:18.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
>> There you go.
38:18.333 --> 38:20.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> In fact, there are stories of
38:20.033 --> 38:21.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
students chipping in and buying
38:21.733 --> 38:25.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
a barrel of crackers and cooking
38:25.733 --> 38:28.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
a potato on the furnace and
38:28.800 --> 38:31.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
getting by with very little.
38:31.266 --> 38:34.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
So, Professor Sterling asks him
38:34.666 --> 38:36.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
to recite a little Latin, a
38:36.933 --> 38:38.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
little Greek, and has him do a
38:38.800 --> 38:40.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
few problems.
38:40.400 --> 38:41.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
He says, you know, I think you
38:41.866 --> 38:44.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
have what it takes.
38:44.100 --> 38:45.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And he goes to what is called
38:45.900 --> 38:47.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
the preparatory school to bring
38:47.533 --> 38:48.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
him up to speed.
38:48.900 --> 38:50.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Apparently, he only needed a few
38:50.466 --> 38:52.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
weeks and he enters the freshman
38:52.000 --> 38:53.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
class.
38:53.833 --> 38:55.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
He moves into North Hall,
38:55.133 --> 38:56.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
North Hall at the time.
38:56.500 --> 38:58.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> And here's what it looks like
38:58.933 --> 39:01.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
pretty much today and then.
39:01.333 --> 39:03.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> It hasn't changed that much.
39:03.800 --> 39:05.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
The exterior of the building
39:05.000 --> 39:06.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
hasn't changed.
39:06.133 --> 39:07.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Unfortunately, the interior of
39:07.700 --> 39:09.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
the building has been modified
39:09.666 --> 39:11.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
pretty significantly.
39:11.166 --> 39:12.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Is his room there, I haven't
39:12.333 --> 39:13.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
been in, but I imagine one of
39:13.966 --> 39:15.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
those velvet cords and a little
39:15.333 --> 39:16.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
plaque on the wall and maybe
39:16.800 --> 39:18.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
some Victorian furniture.
39:18.966 --> 39:22.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> No, not quite so glamorous.
39:22.800 --> 39:25.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Although, as we can see in the
39:25.100 --> 39:27.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
picture here, his room was in
39:27.300 --> 39:29.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
the first floor northeast
39:29.033 --> 39:31.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
corner.
39:31.533 --> 39:33.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And it was just recently in the
39:33.500 --> 39:36.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
last year that, in conjunction
39:36.266 --> 39:38.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
with the local Sierra Club's
39:38.400 --> 39:42.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
50th anniversary, we were able
39:42.600 --> 39:44.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
to get into the room and they
39:44.700 --> 39:46.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
cleared the furniture out for
39:46.366 --> 39:48.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
us, and we were able to kind of
39:48.033 --> 39:50.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
reconstruct the space to imagine
39:50.566 --> 39:53.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
what it looked like back when
39:53.300 --> 39:57.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
John Muir was a student.
39:57.366 --> 39:58.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
His bedroom was about nine feet
39:58.866 --> 40:00.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
by nine feet.
40:00.433 --> 40:02.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
There was an adjacent study
40:02.466 --> 40:04.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
room, and he shared a second
40:04.400 --> 40:05.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
bedroom.
40:05.866 --> 40:08.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
So it was kind of a suite.
40:08.266 --> 40:09.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
So he had two windows in his
40:09.600 --> 40:10.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
bedroom, one which could look
40:10.933 --> 40:12.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
out across the lake, one which
40:12.566 --> 40:16.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
looked out towards town.
40:16.133 --> 40:17.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
By the way, in the 1860s there
40:17.666 --> 40:18.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
were only three buildings on
40:18.733 --> 40:20.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
campus.
40:20.733 --> 40:22.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
There was North Hall,
40:22.700 --> 40:24.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
South Hall, and the main edifice
40:24.533 --> 40:26.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
which we now refer to as Bascom.
40:26.166 --> 40:27.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
>> Right.
40:27.433 --> 40:28.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> So campus is quite small.
40:28.733 --> 40:30.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
There are 80 students.
40:30.266 --> 40:32.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
Most of them are living
40:32.233 --> 40:34.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
in North Hall.
40:34.300 --> 40:36.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Some of the classes occur in
40:36.533 --> 40:39.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
Bascom Hall, but there is a
40:39.566 --> 40:42.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
recitation hall in North Hall
40:42.633 --> 40:45.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
as well.
40:45.600 --> 40:46.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> And what about the proverbial
40:46.833 --> 40:49.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
student desk?
40:49.233 --> 40:50.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
You have a bed.
40:50.300 --> 40:51.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
We've got that figured out.
40:51.566 --> 40:52.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And then the only other thing
40:52.533 --> 40:53.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
you need as a student is a desk,
40:53.600 --> 40:54.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
right?
40:54.500 --> 40:55.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Well, the student desk is, I
40:55.733 --> 40:57.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
think, one of the more wonderful
40:57.700 --> 41:00.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
inventions.
41:00.100 --> 41:02.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
He, of course, continues to
41:02.133 --> 41:03.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
whittle.
41:03.333 --> 41:05.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And there are descriptions of
41:05.533 --> 41:07.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
his dorm room being something of
41:07.666 --> 41:10.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
a museum, and in the corner was
41:10.000 --> 41:12.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
this student study desk.
41:12.933 --> 41:15.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And a pile of wood shavings in
41:15.033 --> 41:18.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
the corner and bottles and vials
41:18.666 --> 41:20.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
on the window sill and buckets
41:20.566 --> 41:23.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
of botanical specimens.
41:23.266 --> 41:25.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
So keep up with his studies,
41:25.833 --> 41:27.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
because he's an easily
41:27.433 --> 41:29.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
distracted young man, I can
41:29.033 --> 41:31.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
imagine he might have a
41:31.666 --> 41:35.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
diagnosis as ADD because he's
41:35.466 --> 41:37.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
just so fascinated and so
41:37.833 --> 41:40.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
brilliant but easily distracted.
41:40.933 --> 41:43.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
He builds himself another clock.
41:43.900 --> 41:46.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
There's always a clock involved.
41:46.300 --> 41:49.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Time is a theme that plays out
41:49.533 --> 41:51.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
in so much of his writing and
41:51.933 --> 41:55.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
his thinking.
41:55.133 --> 41:57.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And, of course, these gears and,
41:57.466 --> 41:59.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
again, this theme of revolution
41:59.800 --> 42:03.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
and cycles.
42:03.000 --> 42:07.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Well, this clock is attached to
42:07.833 --> 42:10.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
a tabletop which has a slot in
42:10.133 --> 42:12.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:7.5%
it.
42:12.333 --> 42:14.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
And below the slot in the
42:14.166 --> 42:16.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
tabletop is a book rack.
42:16.400 --> 42:18.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And he would set his clock at
42:18.933 --> 42:22.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
15-minute intervals, and every
42:22.833 --> 42:29.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
15 minutes a counterweight would
42:29.433 --> 42:32.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
drive a piston which was below
42:32.100 --> 42:34.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
the book rack and drive a book
42:34.900 --> 42:36.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
up through the slot in the
42:36.900 --> 42:40.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
tabletop and it would flop open.
42:40.000 --> 42:41.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
>> The book, for that 15
42:41.600 --> 42:43.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
minutes.
42:43.000 --> 42:44.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
>> That 15 minutes.
42:44.466 --> 42:46.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
And he would study for 15
42:46.233 --> 42:48.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
minutes, the gears would rotate,
42:48.500 --> 42:50.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
the piston would retreat, the
42:50.600 --> 42:52.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
book would drop through the
42:52.366 --> 42:54.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
hole.
42:54.500 --> 42:57.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
The bookcase was on a carriage,
42:57.433 --> 42:59.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
it would move over a slot kind
42:59.433 --> 43:00.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
of like the self-setting
43:00.433 --> 43:01.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
sawmill.
43:01.700 --> 43:02.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
It would move over.
43:02.933 --> 43:04.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
The piston would drive the next
43:04.000 --> 43:05.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
book up on the table, and he
43:05.600 --> 43:07.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
would have 15 minutes for his
43:07.333 --> 43:09.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
next lesson.
43:09.100 --> 43:10.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
>> A fascinating idea.
43:10.133 --> 43:11.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
I suspect not really that
43:11.366 --> 43:12.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
practical given the way most
43:12.800 --> 43:15.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
people study.
43:15.366 --> 43:17.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> Well, we did some research
43:17.900 --> 43:19.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
recently to try and find in the
43:19.966 --> 43:22.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
UW Archives references to his
43:22.166 --> 43:24.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
time here, and there were only a
43:24.266 --> 43:27.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
few catalogs.
43:27.200 --> 43:29.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
They actually printed the
43:29.033 --> 43:30.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
catalog after the term.
43:30.966 --> 43:32.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
So they would have the names of
43:32.766 --> 43:34.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
the students who had attended in
43:34.500 --> 43:37.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
that term and the coursework.
43:37.433 --> 43:42.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
And although Muir spends the
43:42.300 --> 43:46.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
equivalent of two and a half
43:46.300 --> 43:49.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
years in study at UW, he never
43:49.366 --> 43:52.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
advances beyond being a first
43:52.400 --> 43:54.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
year student.
43:54.800 --> 43:56.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
And he's categorized in the
43:56.933 --> 43:58.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
catalog as an irregular gent.
43:58.600 --> 43:59.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
[LAUGHTER]
43:59.700 --> 44:00.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Which I think is a wonderful
44:00.833 --> 44:02.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
term.
44:02.533 --> 44:04.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
He was not normal in the sense
44:04.666 --> 44:07.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
that he had any particular
44:07.566 --> 44:10.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
notion about how he was going to
44:10.600 --> 44:15.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
navigate his time on campus.
44:15.066 --> 44:17.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
>> As he's doing all this
44:17.533 --> 44:19.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
inventing, do we have any sense
44:19.400 --> 44:22.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
that he still has this inner
44:22.200 --> 44:25.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
glow of fascination for things
44:25.333 --> 44:27.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
natural?
44:27.400 --> 44:29.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
>> Well, his studies were
44:29.666 --> 44:32.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
standardized, in some sense,
44:32.966 --> 44:35.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
where in the 1860s you learned
44:35.200 --> 44:36.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
the classics.
44:36.766 --> 44:38.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
You learned Greek.
44:38.566 --> 44:41.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
You learned Latin.
44:41.133 --> 44:44.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
You learned mathematics.
44:44.566 --> 44:46.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
And natural history, as a
44:46.600 --> 44:50.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
discipline, was relatively new.
44:50.566 --> 44:56.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
His main instructor was Ezra
44:56.166 --> 45:00.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Carr, who taught chemistry but
45:00.766 --> 45:03.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
also natural history.
45:03.133 --> 45:05.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And this is where he starts to
45:05.300 --> 45:07.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
pick up some of his ideas about
45:07.066 --> 45:09.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
glaciation and geology and the
45:09.500 --> 45:12.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
natural world.
45:12.100 --> 45:14.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
But much of his studies were in
45:14.300 --> 45:18.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
that classical mode.
45:18.533 --> 45:20.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> So a good complement to his
45:20.700 --> 45:24.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
what might intuitive studies.
45:24.666 --> 45:28.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> He does have an epiphanic
45:28.166 --> 45:31.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
experience.
45:31.066 --> 45:34.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Probably occurring in his first
45:34.633 --> 45:37.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
or second year on campus.
45:37.633 --> 45:41.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
A fellow student meets him
45:41.433 --> 45:45.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
outside of North Hall, and this
45:45.833 --> 45:48.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
student has a reputation for
45:48.800 --> 45:51.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
being a little full of himself
45:51.033 --> 45:52.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
and wants to share his
45:52.833 --> 45:54.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
knowledge.
45:54.666 --> 45:57.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
And he asks Muir if he knows
45:57.100 --> 45:59.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
anything about trees.
45:59.466 --> 46:01.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Well, he writes about it in his
46:01.533 --> 46:03.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
autobiography.
46:03.366 --> 46:04.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
Let me just read this.
46:04.700 --> 46:06.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
One memorable day in June,
46:06.566 --> 46:07.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
when I was standing on
46:07.800 --> 46:09.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
the stone steps of the north
46:09.166 --> 46:11.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
dormitory, Mr. Griswold
46:11.566 --> 46:13.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
joined me and at once
46:13.066 --> 46:14.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
began to teach.
46:14.300 --> 46:15.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
He reached up, plucked
46:15.733 --> 46:17.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
a flower from an overspreading
46:17.033 --> 46:18.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
branch of a locust tree, and,
46:18.666 --> 46:19.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
handing it to me, said,
46:19.966 --> 46:21.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
"Muir, do you know what family
46:21.466 --> 46:23.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
this tree belongs to?"
46:23.200 --> 46:24.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
"No," I said, "I don't know
46:24.933 --> 46:26.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
anything about botany."
46:26.966 --> 46:28.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
"Well, no matter," said he,
46:28.600 --> 46:29.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
"what is it like?"
46:29.666 --> 46:31.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
"It's like a pea flower,"
46:31.133 --> 46:32.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
I replied.
46:32.266 --> 46:33.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
"That's right," he said, "it
46:33.833 --> 46:35.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
belongs to the Pea Family."
46:35.300 --> 46:37.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
"But how can that be,"
46:37.233 --> 46:39.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
I objected, "when the pea
46:39.100 --> 46:40.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
is a weak, clinging,
46:40.300 --> 46:41.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
straggling herb,
46:41.466 --> 46:42.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
and the locust a big,
46:42.833 --> 46:44.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
thorny hardwood tree?"
46:44.833 --> 46:46.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Now, of course, this is written
46:46.700 --> 46:49.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
50 years after this experience.
46:49.333 --> 46:52.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
And Muir is a wonderful
46:52.366 --> 46:55.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
storyteller, and these stories
46:55.733 --> 46:57.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
change over time.
46:57.700 --> 47:00.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
Was there a locust tree?
47:00.366 --> 47:01.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:10%
Yes.
47:01.733 --> 47:03.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Did he have an epiphanic botany
47:03.666 --> 47:05.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
lesson?
47:05.433 --> 47:08.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Well, he'd always loved flowers.
47:08.933 --> 47:11.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
He was always aware of the
47:11.833 --> 47:16.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
natural world, but what Griswold
47:16.466 --> 47:20.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
introduced to him was the plant
47:20.000 --> 47:25.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
science, the taxonomy, which,
47:25.300 --> 47:27.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
for someone who has these
47:27.100 --> 47:29.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
mechanistic views of the world,
47:29.166 --> 47:31.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
genus species.
47:31.133 --> 47:32.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
>> Yes.
47:32.533 --> 47:33.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
You have to have the
47:33.966 --> 47:35.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
organization that goes with the
47:35.500 --> 47:36.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
knowledge.
47:36.800 --> 47:38.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> So now he's learning about
47:38.766 --> 47:40.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
the reproductive parts of a
47:40.766 --> 47:43.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
flower and how they're similar
47:43.533 --> 47:45.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
and dissimilar and how you can
47:45.800 --> 47:47.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
group these together.
47:47.933 --> 47:50.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
He writes: This fine lesson
47:50.233 --> 47:51.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
charmed me and sent me flying
47:51.700 --> 47:53.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
to the woods and meadows
47:53.200 --> 47:55.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
in wild enthusiasm.
47:55.833 --> 47:57.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
I can imagine him literally
47:57.900 --> 48:00.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
being off the ground a few feet.
48:00.333 --> 48:02.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
He writes about his botanizing
48:02.366 --> 48:05.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
expeditions.
48:05.700 --> 48:08.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
He would traverse the lake
48:08.233 --> 48:10.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
shore, Lake Mendota, gathering
48:10.866 --> 48:13.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
flowers, gathering plants that
48:13.033 --> 48:15.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
he would bring back to his dorm
48:15.566 --> 48:18.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
room to identify.
48:18.466 --> 48:21.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
By the way, there are some
48:21.366 --> 48:23.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
accounts of him swimming along
48:23.533 --> 48:26.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
the Lake Mendota shoreline out
48:26.133 --> 48:29.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
to University Bay and back.
48:29.833 --> 48:32.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> As long as you stay near the
48:32.233 --> 48:34.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
shoreline.
48:34.433 --> 48:35.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> As long as you stay near the
48:35.866 --> 48:38.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
shoreline.
48:38.000 --> 48:41.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
This is where he's really
48:41.900 --> 48:47.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
awakened to this natural world.
48:47.600 --> 48:49.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> And what becomes of that
48:49.366 --> 48:52.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
legendary Muir locust?
48:52.500 --> 48:55.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
>> Well, the book, his
48:55.266 --> 48:57.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
autobiography comes out in 1914.
48:57.833 --> 49:00.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And by that time, they're not
49:00.366 --> 49:04.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
sure where this Muir locust is.
49:04.300 --> 49:06.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
During an alumni parade they
49:06.700 --> 49:10.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
walk around North Hall and they
49:10.433 --> 49:12.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
look for the biggest black
49:12.633 --> 49:14.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
locust they can find and they
49:14.266 --> 49:16.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
declare that that would be the
49:16.000 --> 49:18.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
black locust that John Muir
49:18.466 --> 49:21.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
received his first botany lesson
49:21.066 --> 49:23.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
under.
49:23.033 --> 49:24.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> I don't recall there being a
49:24.466 --> 49:26.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
locust there now.
49:26.300 --> 49:29.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
>> It was cut in 1953.
49:29.900 --> 49:33.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And that's a picture of it on
49:33.133 --> 49:35.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
the front page of our tree walk
49:35.866 --> 49:38.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
brochure.
49:38.200 --> 49:39.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> That's what became of the
49:39.666 --> 49:41.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
locust.
49:41.066 --> 49:42.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
Some wood products.
49:42.533 --> 49:44.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> The locust had to be cut
49:44.900 --> 49:46.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
down, but because it was a
49:46.866 --> 49:49.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
revered tree, President EB Fred
49:49.666 --> 49:52.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
worked with others to have
49:52.866 --> 49:56.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
mementos crafted from the tree.
49:56.600 --> 49:58.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
They made gavels and they made
49:58.600 --> 50:01.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
letter openers out of these
50:01.133 --> 50:02.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
gavels which then were
50:02.933 --> 50:04.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
distributed to benefactors
50:04.800 --> 50:06.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
across the country and people
50:06.733 --> 50:10.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
who loved or knew John Muir.
50:10.966 --> 50:13.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
And there was a wonderful
50:13.666 --> 50:15.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
collection of these letters of
50:15.500 --> 50:17.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
acceptance.
50:17.000 --> 50:18.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Oh, thank you, President Fred,
50:18.366 --> 50:20.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
for remembering me and
50:20.066 --> 50:22.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
remembering John Muir with this
50:22.033 --> 50:25.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
gavel.
50:25.533 --> 50:27.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> So he was having the time of
50:27.066 --> 50:28.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
his life at the University of
50:28.800 --> 50:32.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
Wisconsin circa 1860-1861.
50:32.400 --> 50:34.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
It's a time in which a lot of
50:34.266 --> 50:36.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
young men are going over to Camp
50:36.133 --> 50:38.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
Randall for processing to the
50:38.733 --> 50:40.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
front during the Civil War.
50:40.600 --> 50:42.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
What about John Muir?
50:42.066 --> 50:44.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
>> Well, John does not
50:44.366 --> 50:46.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
volunteer.
50:46.033 --> 50:48.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
In fact, he arrives on campus
50:48.100 --> 50:49.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
February of 1860.
50:49.700 --> 50:51.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
It's only a couple of months
50:51.700 --> 50:53.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
later that the shot
50:53.800 --> 50:55.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
at Fort Sumter is heard.
50:55.766 --> 50:58.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
Immediately, many of his
50:58.466 --> 51:00.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
classmates drop out of school
51:00.766 --> 51:05.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
and join the Union forces.
51:05.400 --> 51:07.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
They head over to what used to
51:07.666 --> 51:09.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
be the fairgrounds, now
51:09.466 --> 51:11.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
converted to a Civil War
51:11.066 --> 51:13.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
training ground.
51:13.133 --> 51:14.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
And he's torn.
51:14.666 --> 51:18.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
He doesn't want to go to war.
51:18.633 --> 51:21.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
It's not in his constitution to
51:21.000 --> 51:24.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
do that.
51:24.466 --> 51:27.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
He visits Camp Randall, and he
51:27.266 --> 51:30.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
writes that he was absolutely
51:30.666 --> 51:32.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
appalled by these young men.
51:32.500 --> 51:34.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
Some of them students that he
51:34.233 --> 51:37.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
knew, some of them neighbors
51:37.766 --> 51:41.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
from up in the Montello area.
51:41.133 --> 51:43.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
They are drinking.
51:43.033 --> 51:44.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
They are swearing.
51:44.733 --> 51:47.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
They are visiting the local
51:47.000 --> 51:48.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
bordellos.
51:48.333 --> 51:49.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
>> I'm tell you, it's the
51:49.333 --> 51:50.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
beginning of the end for
51:50.366 --> 51:51.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
Madison.
51:51.700 --> 51:54.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
It all ended with the 1861.
51:54.333 --> 51:59.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
>> It was a rough stretch.
51:59.066 --> 52:03.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
But what distresses him the most
52:03.400 --> 52:06.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
is sitting around the fire at
52:06.600 --> 52:09.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
Camp Randall with these young
52:09.066 --> 52:11.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
recruits, and they're talking
52:11.933 --> 52:15.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
about how glorious a time they
52:15.833 --> 52:18.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
will have killing the
52:18.000 --> 52:20.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
southerners.
52:20.366 --> 52:23.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And he ministers to them, and he
52:23.466 --> 52:26.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
tries to calm their nerves
52:26.200 --> 52:28.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
because they're scared, they're
52:28.500 --> 52:31.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
frightened, their hubris is
52:31.700 --> 52:36.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
beyond what one might expect
52:36.166 --> 52:41.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
from a reverent person heading
52:41.100 --> 52:43.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
off to war.
52:43.533 --> 52:45.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Later in the war, he visits Camp
52:45.666 --> 52:49.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Randall again at a time when the
52:49.100 --> 52:52.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
wounded and the sick are being
52:52.733 --> 52:55.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
brought back to the hospital,
52:55.233 --> 52:57.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
and he tends to the sick and
52:57.566 --> 52:59.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
wounded and it's at that time
52:59.366 --> 53:01.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
that he imagines that he might
53:01.666 --> 53:04.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
become a medical doctor.
53:04.733 --> 53:09.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
That might be his path in life.
53:09.300 --> 53:12.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> Not far fetched given his
53:12.300 --> 53:14.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
ability to improvise devices
53:14.966 --> 53:18.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
and, of course, his
53:18.100 --> 53:21.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
understanding of the organic.
53:21.066 --> 53:24.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
His reputation as the best
53:24.266 --> 53:27.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
chemist on campus certainly sets
53:27.033 --> 53:32.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
him well for a career as a
53:32.566 --> 53:36.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
physician.
53:36.866 --> 53:42.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
There are stories about Muir
53:42.700 --> 53:44.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
being a draft dodger, that he
53:44.866 --> 53:48.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
avoided service.
53:48.000 --> 53:52.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
He leaves campus in 1863.
53:52.833 --> 53:56.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
And he returns to the family
53:56.633 --> 53:59.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
farm, and he's waiting out the
53:59.466 --> 54:02.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
draft.
54:02.733 --> 54:04.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
At this stage in the war,
54:04.766 --> 54:06.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
no more volunteers are coming
54:06.166 --> 54:08.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
forward, and they need new
54:08.066 --> 54:10.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
recruits.
54:10.200 --> 54:11.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
>> They do, yes.
54:11.533 --> 54:12.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
They have repeated calls.
54:12.700 --> 54:13.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> They have repeated calls,
54:13.966 --> 54:16.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
in 1863 in particular.
54:16.133 --> 54:18.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
So he's thinking maybe I want to
54:18.800 --> 54:20.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
go to the University of
54:20.566 --> 54:21.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
Michigan.
54:21.933 --> 54:23.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
They have a medical school
54:23.700 --> 54:25.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
there.
54:25.233 --> 54:27.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
But perhaps he decides that his
54:27.266 --> 54:29.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
chances are better if he stays
54:29.366 --> 54:31.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
in Wisconsin when the draft
54:31.166 --> 54:34.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
comes up that his number will
54:34.333 --> 54:36.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
not be as high, and his chances
54:36.833 --> 54:38.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
will be better.
54:38.733 --> 54:40.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
So he waits in Wisconsin until
54:40.666 --> 54:43.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
the draft is satisfied, the
54:43.300 --> 54:45.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
local draft is satisfied.
54:45.833 --> 54:50.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
And he pledges to leave
54:50.766 --> 54:54.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Wisconsin when the first flower
54:54.800 --> 54:58.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
emerges that following spring.
54:58.033 --> 54:59.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
>> An interesting way of
54:59.533 --> 55:01.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
thinking of the time.
55:01.366 --> 55:03.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> And come early February, late
55:03.400 --> 55:05.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
February of 1864 the flower
55:05.933 --> 55:10.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
blooms in his yard, and the next
55:10.233 --> 55:14.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
day he takes off for Canada.
55:14.900 --> 55:17.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Now, his younger brother had
55:17.400 --> 55:20.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
already, in the parlance of the
55:20.366 --> 55:22.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
time, skedaddled across the
55:22.466 --> 55:25.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
border to Canada.
55:25.333 --> 55:27.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
He, it appears, was dodging the
55:27.733 --> 55:31.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
draft, but Muir seems to have
55:31.266 --> 55:34.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
stuck around long enough to know
55:34.433 --> 55:37.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
what his chances were and was
55:37.433 --> 55:41.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
not so much avoiding the draft
55:41.000 --> 55:44.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
as sidestepping it.
55:44.466 --> 55:46.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> And is this the point at
55:46.766 --> 55:49.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
which he leaves Wisconsin?
55:49.066 --> 55:52.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> He leaves Wisconsin, heads to
55:52.233 --> 55:55.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Ontario where he works for a
55:55.366 --> 55:59.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
while, then makes his way down
55:59.700 --> 56:02.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
to Indianapolis, Indiana, where
56:02.333 --> 56:04.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
he gets a job working in a
56:04.566 --> 56:07.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
carriage factory.
56:07.266 --> 56:11.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And he's well liked in his job
56:11.400 --> 56:13.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
because, of course, he's coming
56:13.366 --> 56:15.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
up with new ways of
56:15.566 --> 56:20.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
manufacturing and time studies
56:20.033 --> 56:22.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
that he's doing to improve the
56:22.600 --> 56:24.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
efficiency of this operation.
56:24.966 --> 56:26.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
But he has an industrial
56:26.666 --> 56:28.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
accident.
56:28.133 --> 56:29.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
A tool flies up and catches him
56:29.966 --> 56:32.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
in the eye, and he's blinded.
56:32.066 --> 56:35.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
And he spends the next month
56:35.466 --> 56:39.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
recuperating, not knowing if he
56:39.300 --> 56:41.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
will regain his sight, and it's
56:41.733 --> 56:47.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
at this time that he vows that
56:47.366 --> 56:51.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
if he should regain his sight,
56:51.466 --> 56:54.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
he will look towards nature and
56:54.233 --> 56:57.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
leave this industrial world
56:57.100 --> 56:59.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
behind.
56:59.400 --> 57:02.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And he does regain his sight,
57:02.166 --> 57:04.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
and, from there, he leaves on
57:04.933 --> 57:07.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
his first great adventure, what
57:07.133 --> 57:09.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
he later calls his thousand-mile
57:09.000 --> 57:11.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
walk to the Gulf.
57:11.533 --> 57:12.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> Down to Cedar Key, Florida.
57:12.900 --> 57:14.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
>> Right.
57:14.133 --> 57:15.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
>> This is, I think, 1867.
57:15.233 --> 57:17.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
>> Right, right.
57:17.300 --> 57:19.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
So he makes his way down,
57:19.566 --> 57:22.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
eventually arriving in Cuba.
57:22.333 --> 57:25.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
He contracts malaria.
57:25.200 --> 57:29.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
It's not such a great trip.
57:29.466 --> 57:31.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
Then finds his way back to
57:31.800 --> 57:34.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
New York where he boards a ship
57:34.700 --> 57:39.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
and makes his way to California.
57:39.033 --> 57:41.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
And, of course, California is
57:41.233 --> 57:44.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
where he spends his adult life
57:44.566 --> 57:46.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
and is most closely associated.
57:46.933 --> 57:51.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
But he's, what, 28, I believe,
57:51.466 --> 57:52.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
by the time he gets to
57:52.833 --> 57:56.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
California.
57:56.333 --> 57:58.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> And, of course, by this time
57:58.466 --> 58:00.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
his formative years, well in
58:00.700 --> 58:02.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
terms of Wisconsin, are behind
58:02.733 --> 58:04.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:10%
him.
58:04.266 --> 58:05.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
Does he ever go back to
58:05.833 --> 58:07.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
Wisconsin?
58:07.400 --> 58:09.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> He makes his way back on
58:09.166 --> 58:11.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
several occasions.
58:11.600 --> 58:16.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
Once, he's hoping to buy back
58:16.666 --> 58:19.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
the Fountain Lake farm.
58:19.266 --> 58:23.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
And his brother-in-law has
58:23.500 --> 58:26.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
purchased it.
58:26.366 --> 58:28.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And he recalls, many, many years
58:28.200 --> 58:30.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
later of course, that his
58:30.266 --> 58:32.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
brother-in-law would not sell
58:32.233 --> 58:34.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
him the farm.
58:34.000 --> 58:36.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
He wanted to preserve the farm,
58:36.700 --> 58:41.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
and his brother-in-law tells him
58:41.933 --> 58:45.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
that it's folly.
58:45.766 --> 58:48.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
That you can't stand in the way
58:48.000 --> 58:49.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
of progress.
58:49.733 --> 58:51.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
That you can't fence off this
58:51.800 --> 58:53.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
place.
58:53.733 --> 58:56.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
That it's inevitable that it
58:56.733 --> 58:59.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
will be a farm forever.
58:59.133 --> 59:02.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
Fortunately, many, many years
59:02.333 --> 59:04.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
later, the farm is purchased, as
59:04.733 --> 59:06.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
I mentioned, by Marquette
59:06.866 --> 59:12.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
County, and through the work of
59:12.033 --> 59:14.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
many volunteers conducting
59:14.466 --> 59:16.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
ecological restoration, the
59:16.500 --> 59:18.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
sedge meadows and the prairie
59:18.500 --> 59:20.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
has been restored.
59:20.466 --> 59:22.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
And it's a beautiful time of
59:22.333 --> 59:24.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
year to go and visit the old
59:24.266 --> 59:26.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Fountain Lake Farm, now known as
59:26.533 --> 59:30.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
the John Muir Memorial Park.
59:30.600 --> 59:31.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
>> He's really best known, isn't
59:31.866 --> 59:33.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
he, for his work out west,
59:33.966 --> 59:36.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
though, with Yosemite and then
59:36.433 --> 59:38.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
starting the Sierra Club, which
59:38.833 --> 59:41.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
is a concept which must have
59:41.233 --> 59:43.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
been foreign to a lot of people
59:43.033 --> 59:46.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
when he did it.
59:46.100 --> 59:49.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Well, John Muir is, for many
59:49.833 --> 59:53.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
people, the foremost iconic
59:53.833 --> 59:56.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
figure in the early conservation
59:56.433 --> 59:58.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
movement.
59:58.633 --> 01:00:01.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
He was an early advocate for
01:00:01.800 --> 01:00:04.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
forest reservations which become
01:00:04.533 --> 01:00:07.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
our national forests.
01:00:07.500 --> 01:00:09.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
He advocated for the
01:00:09.600 --> 01:00:11.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
establishment of national parks.
01:00:11.933 --> 01:00:14.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
He writes hundreds of articles
01:00:14.966 --> 01:00:16.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
in what at the time was the
01:00:16.866 --> 01:00:18.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
equivalent of the major
01:00:18.766 --> 01:00:20.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
networks.
01:00:20.366 --> 01:00:22.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
Atlantic Magazine,
01:00:22.366 --> 01:00:23.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
Century Magazine.
01:00:23.500 --> 01:00:25.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
He was appearing on all of
01:00:25.033 --> 01:00:27.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
those.
01:00:27.200 --> 01:00:28.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
>> Talk shows of the time.
01:00:28.533 --> 01:00:29.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
>> Talk shows at the time,
01:00:29.600 --> 01:00:31.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
right.
01:00:31.433 --> 01:00:34.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And he has a powerful influence
01:00:34.466 --> 01:00:36.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
in the establishment of the
01:00:36.300 --> 01:00:38.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Grand Canyon, Petrified Forest,
01:00:38.800 --> 01:00:40.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Mount Rainier, Sequoia National
01:00:40.433 --> 01:00:43.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
Park, and of course Yosemite.
01:00:43.766 --> 01:00:47.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
And this earns him the title
01:00:47.200 --> 01:00:50.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
father of our national parks.
01:00:50.266 --> 01:00:53.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
>> Now, in order to do that,
01:00:53.533 --> 01:00:55.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
in order to have that much
01:00:55.700 --> 01:00:58.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
clout, he had to have some
01:00:58.033 --> 01:00:59.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
political connections somewhere.
01:00:59.966 --> 01:01:02.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
Where did he get them?
01:01:02.133 --> 01:01:03.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
>> Well, this is where his
01:01:03.766 --> 01:01:05.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
friendship with Ezra Carr and
01:01:05.833 --> 01:01:07.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
his wife Jean Carr becomes so
01:01:07.733 --> 01:01:09.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
important.
01:01:09.733 --> 01:01:12.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Ezra Carr was his teacher in
01:01:12.900 --> 01:01:15.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
geology and natural history, and
01:01:15.233 --> 01:01:18.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
his wife really took a strong
01:01:18.133 --> 01:01:21.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
interest in John.
01:01:21.833 --> 01:01:24.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
They leave the University of
01:01:24.266 --> 01:01:27.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Wisconsin, move to Berkeley to
01:01:27.266 --> 01:01:29.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
teach at the University of
01:01:29.200 --> 01:01:31.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
California, and they reunite in
01:01:31.600 --> 01:01:33.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
California.
01:01:33.533 --> 01:01:35.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And they are well connected, and
01:01:35.800 --> 01:01:37.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
they introduce John to folks
01:01:37.733 --> 01:01:39.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
like Emerson.
01:01:39.233 --> 01:01:40.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
>> Ralph Waldo Emerson.
01:01:40.933 --> 01:01:42.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
>> Yeah.
01:01:42.666 --> 01:01:44.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
And other movers and shakers and
01:01:44.400 --> 01:01:47.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
magazine editors and political
01:01:47.666 --> 01:01:50.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
contacts.
01:01:50.633 --> 01:01:52.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
He spends a night
01:01:52.733 --> 01:01:54.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
with Teddy Roosevelt.
01:01:54.766 --> 01:01:56.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
>> That seems inevitable,
01:01:56.100 --> 01:01:57.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:27.5%
doesn't it?
01:01:57.200 --> 01:01:58.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
>> Right.
01:01:58.133 --> 01:01:59.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Because Roosevelt was such a
01:01:59.433 --> 01:02:00.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
big proponent of parks.
01:02:00.666 --> 01:02:01.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
>> Right.
01:02:01.833 --> 01:02:03.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And the Antiquities Act and the
01:02:03.000 --> 01:02:05.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
National Park System Organic
01:02:05.700 --> 01:02:07.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:10%
Act.
01:02:07.266 --> 01:02:09.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
These are all things that Muir
01:02:09.900 --> 01:02:11.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
was able to influence through
01:02:11.900 --> 01:02:13.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
his writing, through his
01:02:13.433 --> 01:02:15.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
politics, through his
01:02:15.300 --> 01:02:16.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
relationship with the Sierra
01:02:16.766 --> 01:02:18.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:12.5%
Club.
01:02:18.266 --> 01:02:21.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> And I think this is, is this
01:02:21.266 --> 01:02:22.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
the Carr's house here that we're
01:02:22.900 --> 01:02:24.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:17.5%
seeing?
01:02:24.700 --> 01:02:27.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> Coming back to Madison, Jean
01:02:27.166 --> 01:02:30.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
Carr was one of the people who
01:02:30.200 --> 01:02:32.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
was judging the inventions back
01:02:32.466 --> 01:02:34.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
at the Fine Arts Hall.
01:02:34.266 --> 01:02:35.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
>> Oh, is that right?
01:02:35.733 --> 01:02:37.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
From his very first days in
01:02:37.033 --> 01:02:38.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
Madison.
01:02:38.433 --> 01:02:40.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
>> Very first days.
01:02:40.200 --> 01:02:42.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And her son was one of the kids
01:02:42.933 --> 01:02:45.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
that was used to demonstrate the
01:02:45.000 --> 01:02:48.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
early rising bed at the fair.
01:02:48.200 --> 01:02:51.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And so they invite him to come
01:02:51.100 --> 01:02:53.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
over to his house, and he's the
01:02:53.766 --> 01:02:55.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
chore boy and the babysitter for
01:02:55.466 --> 01:02:58.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
the Carr children.
01:02:58.400 --> 01:03:01.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And, of course, they have this
01:03:01.033 --> 01:03:03.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
remarkable library.
01:03:03.066 --> 01:03:06.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
>> Where's the house?
01:03:06.033 --> 01:03:07.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
>> It's on West Gilman Street.
01:03:07.633 --> 01:03:09.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
>> West Gilman in Madison.
01:03:09.166 --> 01:03:10.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:42.5%
It's still there.
01:03:10.600 --> 01:03:11.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
>> It's still there.
01:03:11.966 --> 01:03:13.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
It's been converted, like so
01:03:13.333 --> 01:03:14.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
many grand houses in Madison,
01:03:14.866 --> 01:03:16.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
has been converted to student
01:03:16.500 --> 01:03:18.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
housing.
01:03:18.900 --> 01:03:20.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
I'd love to go take a look
01:03:20.500 --> 01:03:22.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:15%
there.
01:03:22.900 --> 01:03:25.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
But wall to wall books and this
01:03:25.800 --> 01:03:29.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
wonderful wraparound sun porch.
01:03:29.766 --> 01:03:32.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
And that's why I'm persuaded
01:03:32.233 --> 01:03:34.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
that early in his Madison career
01:03:34.666 --> 01:03:37.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
he must have been learning about
01:03:37.200 --> 01:03:39.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
botany because Jean Carr was a
01:03:39.866 --> 01:03:42.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
botanist and introduced those
01:03:42.133 --> 01:03:46.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
ideas to him.
01:03:46.266 --> 01:03:48.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
>> He lives until 1914.
01:03:48.100 --> 01:03:50.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
How long before the first
01:03:50.466 --> 01:03:52.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
memorials to John Muir start to
01:03:52.733 --> 01:03:55.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
show up?
01:03:55.300 --> 01:03:58.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
>> Well, here on campus
01:03:58.533 --> 01:04:02.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
the first recognition that
01:04:02.100 --> 01:04:04.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
he receives is with an honorary
01:04:04.100 --> 01:04:07.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:25%
doctorate.
01:04:07.500 --> 01:04:09.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
I think it was 1897.
01:04:09.900 --> 01:04:11.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Never graduates but he receives
01:04:11.400 --> 01:04:13.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
an honorary doctorate, which,
01:04:13.633 --> 01:04:15.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
interestingly, he doesn't come
01:04:15.966 --> 01:04:18.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
to Madison to retrieve.
01:04:18.300 --> 01:04:19.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
But we do have a letter in
01:04:19.400 --> 01:04:22.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
Archives where he very politely
01:04:22.833 --> 01:04:25.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
acknowledges his alma mater and
01:04:25.033 --> 01:04:26.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
thank you very much for the
01:04:26.233 --> 01:04:28.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
diploma.
01:04:28.133 --> 01:04:31.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
He receives honorary doctorates
01:04:31.266 --> 01:04:34.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
from other universities as well.
01:04:34.633 --> 01:04:37.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
So not bad for a dropout.
01:04:37.766 --> 01:04:42.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
>> Right.
01:04:42.000 --> 01:04:46.466 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
>> In 1916 the sculptor
01:04:46.466 --> 01:04:50.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
CS Pietro sculpts a likeness of
01:04:50.500 --> 01:04:55.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
Muir, and, in a dramatic
01:04:55.966 --> 01:04:58.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
ceremony held at Music Hall, the
01:04:58.900 --> 01:05:03.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
dedication occurs with a special
01:05:03.233 --> 01:05:05.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
address from Chancellor
01:05:05.533 --> 01:05:08.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Van Hise, who recalls Muir's
01:05:08.200 --> 01:05:10.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
great achievements.
01:05:10.333 --> 01:05:13.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
It's important to remember that
01:05:13.166 --> 01:05:15.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
during the first 75 years of the
01:05:15.433 --> 01:05:17.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
university's existence, John
01:05:17.400 --> 01:05:21.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Muir is the greatest man to have
01:05:21.200 --> 01:05:23.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
ever passed through the
01:05:23.600 --> 01:05:27.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
university's doors.
01:05:27.400 --> 01:05:31.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
That bust, that bronze bust is
01:05:31.233 --> 01:05:34.866 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
over in Birge Hall.
01:05:34.866 --> 01:05:37.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
If you enter the main lobby and
01:05:37.333 --> 01:05:39.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
go up on the mezzanine, you can
01:05:39.033 --> 01:05:43.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
see the Muir bust.
01:05:43.200 --> 01:05:46.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
A couple of years later, he was
01:05:46.933 --> 01:05:50.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
honored again with the
01:05:50.633 --> 01:05:52.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
designation of Muir Knoll.
01:05:52.933 --> 01:05:55.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Muir Knoll being directly across
01:05:55.700 --> 01:05:59.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
from North Hall.
01:05:59.066 --> 01:06:01.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
And another dedication, I think
01:06:01.633 --> 01:06:03.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
we have a picture of the
01:06:03.333 --> 01:06:06.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
ceremony.
01:06:06.600 --> 01:06:09.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
There it is.
01:06:09.700 --> 01:06:11.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
And who is that at the podium?
01:06:11.800 --> 01:06:14.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
That's Milton Griswold, the man
01:06:14.066 --> 01:06:16.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
who provided John Muir with his
01:06:16.000 --> 01:06:18.166 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
first botany lesson.
01:06:18.166 --> 01:06:19.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
>> That's appropriate.
01:06:19.833 --> 01:06:21.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:20%
>> Yeah.
01:06:21.400 --> 01:06:23.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
And this photo is kind of a
01:06:23.366 --> 01:06:25.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
who's who of Madison
01:06:25.300 --> 01:06:27.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:30%
dignitaries.
01:06:27.766 --> 01:06:31.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
Birge and Van Hise
01:06:31.033 --> 01:06:32.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
and Elizabeth Waters.
01:06:32.766 --> 01:06:34.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:35%
They're all...
01:06:34.100 --> 01:06:35.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
>> Familiar names.
01:06:35.333 --> 01:06:36.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:57.5%
>> All at the podium to
01:06:36.966 --> 01:06:40.266 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
dedicated Muir Knoll.
01:06:40.266 --> 01:06:41.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
The adjacent park is also now
01:06:41.400 --> 01:06:44.733 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:50%
named for John Muir.
01:06:44.733 --> 01:06:48.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
John Muir Park was designated in
01:06:48.566 --> 01:06:52.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
the 1960s, interestingly, as a
01:06:52.233 --> 01:06:55.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
result of a controversy on
01:06:55.333 --> 01:06:57.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
campus when a social science
01:06:57.600 --> 01:06:59.900 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
building was being constructed
01:06:59.900 --> 01:07:01.933 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
in this woodland, then known as
01:07:01.933 --> 01:07:03.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:32.5%
Bascom Woods.
01:07:03.533 --> 01:07:05.500 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
The compromise was that no more
01:07:05.500 --> 01:07:07.066 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
buildings would be built in
01:07:07.066 --> 01:07:08.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
these woods and that they would
01:07:08.600 --> 01:07:11.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
be renamed John Muir Woods.
01:07:11.100 --> 01:07:12.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
So John Muir Knoll,
01:07:12.833 --> 01:07:16.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:40%
John Muir Woods.
01:07:16.133 --> 01:07:18.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
>> Which is where we find you
01:07:18.966 --> 01:07:20.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
getting inspired by the work of
01:07:20.766 --> 01:07:24.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
John Muir, as many have over the
01:07:24.333 --> 01:07:25.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
years and continue to be
01:07:25.666 --> 01:07:28.800 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
influenced by John Muir.
01:07:28.800 --> 01:07:30.333 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
Well, Daniel Einstein, it's been
01:07:30.333 --> 01:07:33.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
a pleasure walking through the
01:07:33.033 --> 01:07:35.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
Wisconsin footsteps of that
01:07:35.366 --> 01:07:37.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
great environmentalist and so
01:07:37.700 --> 01:07:39.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
many other things he has to his
01:07:39.433 --> 01:07:41.633 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:55%
credit too, John Muir.
01:07:41.633 --> 01:07:45.233 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
>> If I can just close with the
01:07:45.233 --> 01:07:49.366 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
very last lines in John's
01:07:49.366 --> 01:07:52.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
autobiography about departing
01:07:52.533 --> 01:07:55.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:37.5%
the university.
01:07:55.033 --> 01:07:56.666 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
From the top of a hill on the
01:07:56.666 --> 01:07:58.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
north side of Lake Mendota
01:07:58.433 --> 01:08:00.433 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
I gained a last wistful,
01:08:00.433 --> 01:08:01.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:77.5%
lingering view of the beautiful
01:08:01.966 --> 01:08:03.033 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:45%
university grounds
01:08:03.033 --> 01:08:04.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
and buildings where
01:08:04.300 --> 01:08:05.700 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
I had spent so many hungry
01:08:05.700 --> 01:08:08.600 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
and happy and hopeful days.
01:08:08.600 --> 01:08:10.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:62.5%
There with streaming eyes
01:08:10.966 --> 01:08:13.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
I bade my blessed alma mater
01:08:13.133 --> 01:08:14.566 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:22.5%
farewell.
01:08:14.566 --> 01:08:16.300 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:65%
But I was only leaving one
01:08:16.300 --> 01:08:17.966 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
university for another, the
01:08:17.966 --> 01:08:20.100 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Wisconsin University for the
01:08:20.100 --> 01:08:23.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:72.5%
University of the Wilderness.
01:08:23.133 --> 01:08:25.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:67.5%
>> Well, it's a very poetic
01:08:25.000 --> 01:08:27.000 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
statement of a turning point
01:08:27.000 --> 01:08:28.200 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:60%
in the life of John Muir
01:08:28.200 --> 01:08:31.400 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:47.5%
by the man himself.
01:08:31.400 --> 01:08:32.533 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:52.5%
I'm Norman Gilliland.
01:08:32.533 --> 01:08:34.133 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:70%
Thanks for joining me, and I
01:08:34.133 --> 01:08:35.833 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:80%
hope you'll be with me next time
01:08:35.833 --> 01:08:38.766 align:start position:10% line:84.66% size:75%
for University Place Presents.