WEBVTT 00:20.186 --> 00:21.688 align:left position:87.5%,start line:89% size:2.5% TIME TRAVELING WITH THE BIG DIPPER 00:21.788 --> 00:24.090 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: WELCOME TO STAR GAZERS. 00:24.190 --> 00:27.727 align:left position:75%,start line:83% size:15% I'M JAMES ALBURY, DIRECTOR OF THE KIKA SILVA PLA PLANETARIUM IN GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA. 00:27.827 --> 00:30.530 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: AND I'M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER FROM THE CINCINNATI 00:30.630 --> 00:31.765 align:left position:35%,start line:89% size:55% OBSERVATORY. 00:31.865 --> 00:34.167 align:left position:75%,start line:83% size:15% WE'RE HERE TO HELP YOU FIND YOUR WAY AROUND THE SKY. 00:34.267 --> 00:38.671 align:left position:77.5%,start line:83% size:12.5% THE BIG DIPPER IS ONE OF THE EASIEST STAR PATTERNS TO FIND IN THE NIGHT SKY. 00:38.772 --> 00:40.340 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: THE BIG DIPPER 00:40.440 --> 00:43.943 align:left position:72.5%,start line:83% size:17.5% IS IN A GREAT LOCATION FOR VIEWING THIS MONTH, AND I ALWAYS LOVE FINDING IT. 00:44.044 --> 00:46.913 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% IT MAKES ME THINK OF THE ASTRONOMICALLY VAST DISTANCES FROM 00:47.013 --> 00:47.914 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% EARTH TO STARS. 00:48.014 --> 00:49.849 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: EXACTLY. 00:49.949 --> 00:53.119 align:left position:70%,start line:83% size:20% ONE OF THE GREATEST THINGS ABOUT THE BIG DIPPER IS THAT THE STARS ARE AT JUST THE RIGHT DISTANCE 00:53.219 --> 00:55.221 align:left position:85%,start line:89% size:5% FROM US THAT THE LIGHT WE SEE COMING 00:55.321 --> 00:58.024 align:left position:80%,start line:89% size:10% FROM THEM TAKES A LIFETIME TO GET HERE. 00:58.124 --> 00:59.392 align:left position:17.5%,start line:89% size:72.5% WHAT ARE WE TALKING ABOUT? 00:59.492 --> 01:01.428 align:left position:85%,start line:89% size:5% LET'S TRAVEL THROUGH SPACE AND TIME! 01:01.528 --> 01:04.931 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: OK, WE HAVE OUR SKIES SET FOR JUST AFTER SUNSET 01:05.031 --> 01:07.567 align:left position:37.5%,start line:83% size:52.5% NEXT WEEK, AND IF YOU LOOK TOWARD THE NORTH YOU'LL SEE 01:07.667 --> 01:10.703 align:left position:75%,start line:83% size:15% THE SEVEN BRIGHT STARS THAT MAKE UP THE BIG DIPPER. 01:10.804 --> 01:15.108 align:left position:77.5%,start line:83% size:12.5% WHEN YOU CONNECT THE FOUR STARS TO MAKE A SPOON AND THE THREE OTHER STARS FOR A HANDLE, 01:15.208 --> 01:18.711 align:left position:72.5%,start line:83% size:17.5% YOU CAN EASILY IMAGINE THIS GIANT SPOON AMONG THE STARS. 01:18.812 --> 01:21.448 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: THE BIG DIPPER STARS ARE SO INCREDIBLY FAR 01:21.548 --> 01:25.251 align:left position:75%,start line:83% size:15% AWAY THAT WE HAVE TO MEASURE THEIR DISTANCE WITH A SPECIAL TERM, 01:25.351 --> 01:27.887 align:left position:77.5%,start line:83% size:12.5% A MEASURE OF DISTANCE THAT WE CALL A LIGHT YEAR. 01:27.987 --> 01:31.191 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: A LIGHT YEAR IS SIMPLY HOW FAR LIGHT TRAVELS 01:31.291 --> 01:36.196 align:left position:67.5%,start line:83% size:22.5% IN ONE YEAR, WHICH IS A DISTANCE OF APPROXIMATELY SIX TRILLION MILES; 01:36.296 --> 01:40.467 align:left position:75%,start line:83% size:15% WHICH FURTHER MEANS THAT IF THERE WAS A STAR SIX TRILLION MILES AWAY FROM US, 01:40.567 --> 01:43.503 align:left position:77.5%,start line:83% size:12.5% WE WOULD BE LOOKING AT THE STAR NOT AS IT EXISTS NOW, 01:43.603 --> 01:46.005 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% BUT AS IT EXISTED ONE YEAR AGO. 01:46.106 --> 01:49.242 align:left position:80%,start line:83% size:10% SO WHEN YOU LOOK INTO SPACE, YOU RE ALSO LOOKING BACK IN TIME. 01:49.342 --> 01:51.244 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: WHOA, THAT S DEEP MAN. 01:51.344 --> 01:55.582 align:left position:75%,start line:83% size:15% SO, WHEN WE SEE THE STARS OF THE BIG DIPPER WE CAN DO SOME TIME TRAVELING. 01:55.682 --> 01:58.351 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: TAKE THE DIMMEST STAR IN THE BIG DIPPER, NAMED 01:58.451 --> 01:59.752 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% MEGREZ FOR EXAMPLE. 01:59.853 --> 02:02.355 align:left position:35%,start line:83% size:55% MEGREZ IS 58 LIGHT-YEARS AWAY; 02:02.455 --> 02:07.594 align:left position:80%,start line:83% size:10% WHICH MEANS THAT WHEN WE LOOK AT MEGREZ, WE SEE IT AS IT ACTUALLY EXITED 58 YEARS AGO 02:07.694 --> 02:09.062 align:left position:47.5%,start line:83% size:42.5% - IN 1960. 02:09.162 --> 02:12.732 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% THAT WAS THE YEAR DAVID DUCHOVNY (AGENT MULDER FROM THE TV SHOW 02:12.832 --> 02:14.367 align:left position:27.5%,start line:89% size:62.5% X-FILES) WAS BORN. 02:14.467 --> 02:16.769 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: ALIOTH, THE FIRST STAR IN THE HANDLE OF THE 02:16.870 --> 02:20.907 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% BIG DIPPER AND PHECDA, A STAR AT THE BASE OF THE SPOON ARE BOTH ABOUT 02:21.007 --> 02:22.942 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% 83 LIGHT YEARS AWAY. 02:23.042 --> 02:28.515 align:left position:72.5%,start line:83% size:17.5% SO WHEN WE LOOK AT ALIOTH AND PHECDA TONIGHT, WE SEE THE LIGHT THAT LEFT THOSE STARS IN 02:28.615 --> 02:32.051 align:left position:77.5%,start line:83% size:12.5% 1935, THREE YEARS BEFORE OUR FAVORITE STAR GAZER, JACK 02:32.152 --> 02:33.186 align:left position:37.5%,start line:83% size:52.5% HORKHEIMER WAS BORN. 02:33.286 --> 02:34.754 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: MIZAR, THE STAR AT 02:34.854 --> 02:38.691 align:left position:80%,start line:83% size:10% THE BEND OF THE BIG DIPPER S HANDLE IS 78 LIGHT YEARS AWAY; 02:38.791 --> 02:43.429 align:left position:80%,start line:83% size:10% WHICH MEANS THAT WHEN WE LOOK AT MIZAR, WE SEE IT AS IT ACTUALLY EXISTED 78 YEARS 02:43.530 --> 02:47.100 align:left position:45%,start line:83% size:45% AGO, IN 1940 - THE SAME YEAR THAT PATRICK STEWART 02:47.200 --> 02:49.969 align:left position:72.5%,start line:89% size:17.5% (STAR TREK CAPTAIN JEAN-LUC PICARD) WAS BORN. 02:50.069 --> 02:52.438 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: INDEED, AND THAT'S NOT ALL. 02:52.539 --> 02:57.477 align:left position:77.5%,start line:83% size:12.5% THE LAST STAR IN THE HANDLE, ALKAID IS SO FAR AWAY, THAT THE LIGHT THAT LEFT IT BEGAN 02:57.577 --> 03:00.113 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% ITS JOURNEY 104 YEARS AGO IN 03:00.213 --> 03:03.583 align:left position:75%,start line:89% size:15% 1914, THE SAME YEAR THE PANAMA CANAL OPENED. 03:03.683 --> 03:06.386 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: THE LAST TWO STARS ARE THE POINTER STARS, 03:06.486 --> 03:08.121 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% MERAK AND DUBHE. 03:08.221 --> 03:12.025 align:left position:77.5%,start line:83% size:12.5% IF YOU CONNECT A LINE FROM MERAK TO DUBHE AND KEEP GOING, IT WILL POINT YOU TO THE 03:12.125 --> 03:13.960 align:left position:35%,start line:89% size:55% NORTH STAR. 03:14.060 --> 03:19.032 align:left position:72.5%,start line:83% size:17.5% MERAK IS 80 LIGHT YEARS FROM EARTH, BUT DUBHE, THE ONE CLOSER TO THE NORTH STAR IS A WHOPPING 03:19.132 --> 03:21.768 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% 123 LIGHT YEARS FROM US. 03:21.868 --> 03:22.869 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: YEP! 03:22.969 --> 03:25.438 align:left position:72.5%,start line:89% size:17.5% THE LIGHT YOU SEE FROM DUBHE LEFT IT IN 1895. 03:25.538 --> 03:29.842 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% AND WHAT HAPPENED IN 1895 YOU MIGHT ASK? 03:29.943 --> 03:33.213 align:left position:75%,start line:83% size:15% KATHARINE LEE BATES WROTE THE SONG, AMERICA THE BEAUTIFUL 03:33.313 --> 03:35.515 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: LOOKING AT THE STARS OF THE BIG DIPPER CAN 03:35.615 --> 03:37.984 align:left position:77.5%,start line:89% size:12.5% REALLY MAKE YOU FEEL LIKE A TIME TRAVELER. 03:38.084 --> 03:42.589 align:left position:35%,start line:83% size:55% SO IN 2053, WE'LL GET TO SEE THE LIGHT THAT LEFT MIZAR 03:42.689 --> 03:43.856 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% THE YEAR I WAS BORN. 03:43.957 --> 03:46.859 align:left position:80%,start line:89% size:10% AND BY MY CALCULATIONS JAMES, YOU'LL BE 03:46.960 --> 03:47.860 align:left position:42.5%,start line:89% size:47.5% WHAT 03:47.961 --> 03:48.861 align:left position:32.5%,start line:89% size:57.5% 86 THAT YEAR? 03:48.962 --> 03:50.096 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: YEP! 03:50.196 --> 03:51.431 align:left position:75%,start line:83% size:15% I'LL BE GETTING READY FOR HALLEY'S COMET TO RETURN 03:51.531 --> 03:52.765 align:left position:22.5%,start line:89% size:67.5% IN ABOUT 8 MORE YEARS. 03:52.865 --> 03:54.167 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: YEAH 03:54.267 --> 03:57.971 align:left position:67.5%,start line:83% size:22.5% THE YEAR 2061 WILL BE HERE IN NO TIME - COSMICALLY SPEAKING! 03:58.071 --> 04:01.207 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: SO, NEXT TIME YOU LOOK UP AT THE BIG DIPPER 04:01.307 --> 04:05.445 align:left position:75%,start line:83% size:15% REMIND YOURSELF, IF YOU'RE STILL YOUNG, THAT SOME DAY YOU WILL SEE THESE STARS AS THEY 04:05.545 --> 04:06.546 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% ACTUALLY 04:06.646 --> 04:08.114 align:left position:70%,start line:89% size:20% EXISTED WHEN YOU FIRST APPEARED ON THIS PLANET. 04:08.214 --> 04:10.650 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: AND IF YOU'RE NOT SO YOUNG, DELIGHT IN THE 04:10.750 --> 04:15.154 align:left position:77.5%,start line:83% size:12.5% THOUGHT THAT YOU ARE LOOKING BACK AT SOME OF THE FEW THINGS THAT APPEAR EXACTLY AS THEY 04:15.255 --> 04:16.222 align:left position:32.5%,start line:89% size:57.5% WERE IN THOSE 04:16.322 --> 04:18.825 align:left position:75%,start line:89% size:15% SUNLIT DAYS AND STAR-FILLED NIGHTS OF YOUTH. 04:18.925 --> 04:19.993 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: HAPPY STAR GAZING 04:20.093 --> 04:20.960 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: AND 04:21.060 --> 04:21.961 align:left position:22.5%,start line:89% size:67.5% HAPPY TIME TRAVELING! 04:22.061 --> 04:26.061 align:left position:42.5%,start line:83% size:47.5% BOTH: KEEP LOOKING UP!