1 00:00:20,353 --> 00:00:24,691 JAMES: HEY THERE STAR GAZERS. 2 00:00:24,791 --> 00:00:28,695 I'M JAMES ALBURY, DIRECTOR OF THE KIKA SILVA PLA PLANETARIUM IN GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA. 3 00:00:28,795 --> 00:00:32,265 DEAN: AND I'M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER FOR THE CINCINNATI OBSERVATORY. 4 00:00:32,365 --> 00:00:35,235 WE'RE HERE TO HELP YOU FIND YOUR WAY AROUND THE SKY. 5 00:00:35,335 --> 00:00:39,773 IT'S ALMOST THE 4TH OF JULY AND WE'RE READY TO CELEBRATE THE RED, WHITE, AND BLUE. 6 00:00:39,873 --> 00:00:41,574 JAMES: THAT'S RIGHT, DEAN! 7 00:00:41,674 --> 00:00:45,512 I'M READY TO GET OUTSIDE ON A WARM NIGHT, KICK BACK IN A LAWN CHAIR, AND WATCH SOME 8 00:00:45,612 --> 00:00:47,313 FIREWORKS. 9 00:00:47,414 --> 00:00:50,183 DEAN: BUT AFTER THE FIREWORKS WHY NOT TO STAY OUT A LITTLE LATER AND WATCH THE STARS. 10 00:00:50,283 --> 00:00:53,853 AND WE CAN CHECK OUT A RED STAR, A WHITE ONE, AND A BLUE ONE. 11 00:00:53,953 --> 00:00:58,591 JAMES: PLUS THE MOON WILL SHINE, LIGHTING UP THE NIGHT, ALONG WITH TWO GIANT PLANETS. 12 00:00:58,691 --> 00:01:00,660 DEAN: IT SHOULD BE A BUSY NIGHT. 13 00:01:00,760 --> 00:01:02,162 LET'S HEAD TO THE SKY! 14 00:01:02,262 --> 00:01:05,632 DEAN: OKAY, WE HAVE OUR SKY SET TO JULY 4TH AT 11PM. 15 00:01:05,732 --> 00:01:09,069 I KNOW IT GETS DARK REALLY LATE IN THE HEART OF SUMMER. 16 00:01:09,169 --> 00:01:11,438 BUT IT HAS TO BE DARK TO SEE FIREWORKS RIGHT? 17 00:01:11,538 --> 00:01:12,906 JAMES: CUE THE FIREWORKS! 18 00:01:13,006 --> 00:01:15,775 BOTH: OOOH, AAAHH 19 00:01:15,875 --> 00:01:21,381 DEAN: AND AFTER THE GRAND FINALE, AFTER THE SMOKE CLEARS, FACE SOUTH AND YOU'LL SEE A 20 00:01:21,481 --> 00:01:24,184 WAXING GIBBOUS MOON ABOUT HALFWAY UP IN THE SKY. 21 00:01:24,284 --> 00:01:29,823 JAMES: THE MOON WILL BE ALMOST 250,000 MILES FROM EARTH THAT NIGHT, BUT LET'S FLY UP FOR 22 00:01:29,923 --> 00:01:31,057 A CLOSER LOOK. 23 00:01:31,157 --> 00:01:35,095 DEAN: IF YOU LIKE EXPLOSIONS, CHECK OUT THE MOON. 24 00:01:35,195 --> 00:01:36,930 LOOK AT ALL THOSE CRATERS! 25 00:01:37,030 --> 00:01:41,668 THE MOON HAS BEEN BOMBARDED BY METEOROIDS EVER SINCE IT WAS FORMED, AND THEY LEFT HUGE 26 00:01:41,768 --> 00:01:43,536 HOLES ON THE LUNAR SURFACE. 27 00:01:43,636 --> 00:01:48,508 JAMES: THE LARGEST IMPACTS CREATED THE DARKER AREAS ON THE MOON - WHAT WE CALL THE SEAS. 28 00:01:48,608 --> 00:01:54,214 THE METEOROIDS HIT THE MOON SO HARD THAT THEY CRACKED THE SURFACE; LAVA ERUPTED TO THE SURFACE, 29 00:01:54,314 --> 00:01:56,282 AND COOLED INTO THE FLAT DARK AREAS. 30 00:01:56,382 --> 00:02:00,553 THEY'RE NOT REALLY SEAS OF WATER, BUT THEY MADE INTRIGUING PLACES TO EXPLORE. 31 00:02:00,653 --> 00:02:03,656 DEAN: TAKE THE SEA OF TRANQUILITY OVER THERE. 32 00:02:03,756 --> 00:02:08,428 THAT IS WHERE NEIL ARMSTRONG AND BUZZ ALDRIN LANDED ON THE MOON IN 1969. 33 00:02:08,528 --> 00:02:13,299 WHEN I LOOK AT THE MOON, I OFTEN THINK, WOW, WE ACTUALLY WENT THERE! AND I CAN IMAGINE 34 00:02:13,399 --> 00:02:17,570 BOUNDING ACROSS THE LUNAR SURFACE. 35 00:02:17,670 --> 00:02:22,075 DEAN: THERE ARE TWO PLANETS OUT THERE AS WELL. 36 00:02:22,175 --> 00:02:26,946 GIANT JUPITER IS IN THE SOUTHWEST, LOOKING LIKE A SUSPICIOUSLY-BRIGHT, CREAM-COLORED 37 00:02:27,046 --> 00:02:28,381 STAR... 38 00:02:28,481 --> 00:02:30,650 JAMES: AND THE RINGED PLANET SATURN IS IN THE SOUTH-SOUTHEAST. 39 00:02:30,750 --> 00:02:34,621 IT DOESNT STAND OUT AS MUCH AS JUPITER, BUT IT GLOWS WITH A STEADY YELLOW LIGHT. 40 00:02:34,721 --> 00:02:39,425 DEAN: NOW THAT WE'RE IN A PATRIOTIC MOOD, LET'S LOOK AT A RED STAR, A WHITE STAR, AND 41 00:02:39,526 --> 00:02:41,294 A BLUE STAR ON THE 4TH OF JULY. 42 00:02:41,394 --> 00:02:44,931 OUR RED STAR IS BELOW THE MOON AND A LITTLE TO THE LEFT. 43 00:02:45,031 --> 00:02:48,001 ITS NAME IS ANTARES AND IT SHOULD TWINKLE LIKE CRAZY. 44 00:02:48,101 --> 00:02:52,939 JAMES: THIS STAR MARKS THE BEATING HEART OF THE CONSTELLATION SCORPIUS THE SCORPION. 45 00:02:53,039 --> 00:02:57,644 AND AT THIS TIME OF NIGHT YOU MAY BE ABLE TO MAKE OUT THE SCORPIONS BODY AND TAIL ABOVE 46 00:02:57,744 --> 00:02:58,811 THE HORIZON. 47 00:02:58,912 --> 00:03:00,880 THE CLAWS ARE REACHING OUT TO GRAB THE MOON. 48 00:03:00,980 --> 00:03:03,049 DEAN: THAT ACTUALLY LOOKS LIKE A SCORPION! 49 00:03:03,149 --> 00:03:04,884 JAMES: I KNOW, RIGHT?! 50 00:03:04,984 --> 00:03:09,556 JAMES: TO SEE A GREAT WHITE STAR, TURN TO THE EAST AND LOOK HIGH IN THE SKY FOR A BIG, 51 00:03:09,656 --> 00:03:12,091 BRIGHT TRIANGLE OF THREE STARS. 52 00:03:12,192 --> 00:03:13,927 THAT IS THE SUMMER TRIANGLE. 53 00:03:14,027 --> 00:03:18,798 THE FAINTEST OF THE THREE STARS IS WHITE IN COLOR AND NAMED DENEB, AND IT HAS QUITE A 54 00:03:18,898 --> 00:03:19,799 STORY. 55 00:03:19,899 --> 00:03:21,701 DEAN: THAT'S RIGHT, JAMES. 56 00:03:21,801 --> 00:03:24,737 DENEB MARKS THE TAIL OF CYGNUS THE SWAN AND IS PERHAPS THE FARTHEST STAR YOU CAN SEE WITH 57 00:03:24,837 --> 00:03:25,872 THE NAKED EYE. 58 00:03:25,972 --> 00:03:28,841 IT COULD BE OVER 3000 LIGHT YEARS FROM EARTH. 59 00:03:28,942 --> 00:03:31,511 THAT IS ABOUT 17 QUADRILLION MILES! 60 00:03:31,611 --> 00:03:35,048 JAMES: AND OUR BLUE STAR FOR THE 4TH OF JULY IS NEARBY. 61 00:03:35,148 --> 00:03:39,018 IT'S THE TOP-STAR IN THE TRIANGLE, AND BRIGHTEST OF THE THREE. 62 00:03:39,118 --> 00:03:43,122 THAT IS VEGA THE BRIGHTEST STAR IN THE LITTLE CONSTELLATION LYRA THE HARP. 63 00:03:43,223 --> 00:03:46,159 ITS BLUE COLOR MAKES A NICE CONTRAST TO RED ANTARES. 64 00:03:46,259 --> 00:03:51,331 DEAN: YOU CAN SEE THE MOON, TWO PLANETS, AND RED, WHITE, AND BLUE STARS ALL WEEK. 65 00:03:51,431 --> 00:03:53,233 NOT JUST ON THE 4TH OF JULY. 66 00:03:53,333 --> 00:03:58,571 JAMES: BUT IF YOU STAY UP LATE AFTER THE FIREWORKS, GET COMFORTABLE FOR A REAL STELLAR SHOW. 67 00:03:58,671 --> 00:04:01,374 YOU'LL SEE THE WAXING GIBBOUS MOON HALFWAY UP IN THE SOUTH 68 00:04:01,474 --> 00:04:04,077 DEAN: JUPITER IN THE SOUTHWEST, SATURN IN THE SOUTH-SOUTHEAST 69 00:04:04,177 --> 00:04:07,780 JAMES: RED ANTARES IN THE SOUTH, DOWN AND TO THE LEFT OF THE MOON 70 00:04:07,880 --> 00:04:11,884 DEAN: AND WHITE DENEB AND BLUE VEGA IN THE SUMMER TRIANGLE IN THE EAST. 71 00:04:11,985 --> 00:04:14,821 JAMES: WHAT A GREAT WAY TO CELEBRATE THE 4TH OF JULY. 72 00:04:14,921 --> 00:04:15,855 ITS ALL THERE WHEN YOU 73 00:04:15,955 --> 00:04:19,955 BOTH: KEEP LOOKING UP!