1 00:00:20,487 --> 00:00:21,988 THE M PLANETS 2 00:00:22,088 --> 00:00:25,392 DEAN: HEY THERE STAR GAZERS, I'M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER 3 00:00:25,492 --> 00:00:26,993 FOR THE CINCINNATI OBSERVATORY. 4 00:00:27,093 --> 00:00:29,262 JAMES: AND I'M JAMES ALBURY, DIRECTOR OF THE KIKA 5 00:00:29,362 --> 00:00:32,032 SILVA PLA PLANETARIUM IN GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA. 6 00:00:32,132 --> 00:00:35,101 WE'RE HERE TO HELP YOU FIND YOUR WAY AROUND THE SKY. 7 00:00:35,201 --> 00:00:39,039 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS TRY ALL SORTS OF WAYS TO GET THEIR STUDENTS TO REMEMBER THE 8 00:00:39,139 --> 00:00:40,240 ORDER OF THE PLANETS. 9 00:00:40,340 --> 00:00:42,876 DEAN: MY FAVORITE HAS TO BE THE SAYING, MY VERY 10 00:00:42,976 --> 00:00:45,111 EDUCATED MOTHER JUST SERVED US NACHOS. 11 00:00:45,211 --> 00:00:46,112 JAMES: YUM. 12 00:00:46,212 --> 00:00:47,547 I COULD GO FOR SOME NACHOS RIGHT NOW. 13 00:00:47,647 --> 00:00:48,615 DEAN: ME TOO, BUT, JAMES, 14 00:00:48,715 --> 00:00:50,150 WE NEED TO FOCUS. 15 00:00:50,250 --> 00:00:53,386 THE FIRST LETTER OF EACH WORD STANDS THE FIRST LETTER OF EACH PLANET. 16 00:00:53,486 --> 00:00:55,321 JAMES: SO MY IS FOR MERCURY. 17 00:00:55,422 --> 00:00:57,223 THE CLOSEST PLANET TO THE SUN. 18 00:00:57,323 --> 00:01:01,161 VERY IS FOR VENUS AND ALL THE WAY TO THE FARTHEST PLANET FROM THE SUN, NACHOS, 19 00:01:01,261 --> 00:01:02,262 I MEAN NEPTUNE. 20 00:01:02,362 --> 00:01:04,764 DEAN: OF COURSE THERE ARE TWO MS IN THERE. 21 00:01:04,864 --> 00:01:06,566 MERCURY AND MARS. 22 00:01:06,666 --> 00:01:10,470 AND IT JUST SO HAPPENS THAT THE TWO M-PLANETS ARE COMING TOGETHER IN THE EVENING SKY. 23 00:01:10,570 --> 00:01:12,705 JAMES: AND THAT MEANS ITS CONJUNCTION TIME! 24 00:01:12,806 --> 00:01:15,608 DEAN: LETS HEAD TO THE SKY AND CHECK IT ALL OUT! 25 00:01:15,708 --> 00:01:19,279 DEAN: OKAY, WE HAVE OUR SKIES SET UP FOR SATURDAY 26 00:01:19,379 --> 00:01:23,783 NIGHT, JUNE 15TH JUST AFTER SUNSET, FACING TOWARD THE NORTHWEST. 27 00:01:23,883 --> 00:01:25,752 AS THE SUN SETS, THE STARS WILL START 28 00:01:25,852 --> 00:01:26,753 TO POP OUT. 29 00:01:26,853 --> 00:01:28,088 JAMES: NOW FINDING OUR 30 00:01:28,188 --> 00:01:30,690 M-PLANETS IS GOING TO BE A TOUGH ASSIGNMENT. 31 00:01:30,790 --> 00:01:34,828 YOU WILL NEED A CLEAR VIEW TO THE NORTHWESTERN HORIZON AND YOULL HAVE TO TIME IT PERFECTLY. 32 00:01:34,928 --> 00:01:37,497 DEAN: LOOK TOO EARLY AND IT'LL STILL BE TOO BRIGHT 33 00:01:37,597 --> 00:01:38,631 OUTSIDE. 34 00:01:38,731 --> 00:01:39,899 JAMES: LOOK TOO LATE AND THEY WILL HAVE SET. 35 00:01:39,999 --> 00:01:42,535 DEAN: JUST ABOVE THE HORIZON, AND I MEAN JUST ABOVE 36 00:01:42,635 --> 00:01:46,039 THE HORIZON, YOU MAY SEE TWO STARS APPEAR VERY CLOSE TOGETHER. 37 00:01:46,139 --> 00:01:48,541 JAMES: THE BRIGHTER OF THE TWO IS THE ELUSIVE PLANET 38 00:01:48,641 --> 00:01:51,711 MERCURY, WHILE THE DIMMER ONE IS THE RED PLANET MARS. 39 00:01:51,811 --> 00:01:54,614 DEAN: LET'S LOOK AT THIS FROM SPACE TO SEE HOW TWO 40 00:01:54,714 --> 00:01:57,984 PLANETS, THAT ARE VERY FAR AWAY FROM EACH OTHER, LOOK ALL LINED UP. 41 00:01:58,084 --> 00:02:01,754 DEAN: HERE WE ARE, HIGH ABOVE THE SOLAR SYSTEM, 42 00:02:01,855 --> 00:02:03,623 LOOKING DOWN ON THE INNER PLANETS. 43 00:02:03,723 --> 00:02:06,025 THERES MERCURY, VENUS, EARTH, AND MARS. 44 00:02:06,126 --> 00:02:07,427 JAMES: NO NACHOS UNFORTUNATELY. 45 00:02:07,527 --> 00:02:10,597 DEAN: NO, NEPTUNE IS BILLIONS OF MILES OUT OF THE 46 00:02:10,697 --> 00:02:11,798 PICTURE. 47 00:02:11,898 --> 00:02:13,399 JAMES: THE PLANETS REVOLVE AROUND THE SUN IN THE 48 00:02:13,500 --> 00:02:16,603 SAME DIRECTION, BUT THEY DONT GO THE SAME SPEED. 49 00:02:16,703 --> 00:02:18,905 THE CLOSER YOU ARE TO THE SUN, THE FASTER YOU GO. 50 00:02:19,005 --> 00:02:22,342 DEAN: SO WHILE IT TAKES EARTH 365 DAYS TO CIRCLE 51 00:02:22,442 --> 00:02:25,545 THE SUN, IT ONLY TAKE MERCURY 88 DAYS. 52 00:02:25,645 --> 00:02:29,482 AND MARS, WHOS MOVING A LOT SLOWER, TAKES 687 DAYS. 53 00:02:29,582 --> 00:02:33,520 JAMES: NOW AS WE APPROACH MID-JUNE, 2019, WE WILL 54 00:02:33,620 --> 00:02:36,389 SEE THE ALIGNMENT OF MERCURY AND MARS. 55 00:02:36,489 --> 00:02:40,860 MERCURY IS IN BETWEEN US AND THE SUN AND ONLY ABOUT 90 MILLION MILES AWAY. 56 00:02:40,960 --> 00:02:42,729 DEAN: "ONLY 90 MILLION MILES!" 57 00:02:42,829 --> 00:02:45,798 HE SAYS, BECAUSE MARS IS ON THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE 58 00:02:45,899 --> 00:02:50,003 SUN AND IS A WHOPPING 232 MILLION MILES AWAY! 59 00:02:50,103 --> 00:02:53,973 THIS IS WHY TINY MERCURY SEEMS SO MUCH BRIGHTER THAN LARGER MARS. 60 00:02:54,073 --> 00:02:55,642 ITS A LOT CLOSER TO US. 61 00:02:55,742 --> 00:02:58,945 JAMES: SO THESE M-PLANETS ONLY APPEAR CLOSE TOGETHER 62 00:02:59,045 --> 00:03:00,413 FROM EARTH. 63 00:03:00,513 --> 00:03:02,582 LETS HEAD BACK HOME TO SEE THE PEAK OF THE CONJUNCTION. 64 00:03:02,682 --> 00:03:06,519 JAMES: OKAY, WE'RE BACK ON EARTH ON JUNE 15TH SEEING 65 00:03:06,619 --> 00:03:12,458 MERCURY AT 90 MILLION MILES AWAY, AND MARS AT 232 MILLION MILES AWAY. 66 00:03:12,559 --> 00:03:16,729 WHAT MAKES PLANETS INTERESTING TO OBSERVE IS HOW THEY MOVE FROM NIGHT TO NIGHT. 67 00:03:16,829 --> 00:03:19,766 DEAN: LETS MOVE TIME FORWARD, ONE NIGHT AT A TIME. 68 00:03:19,866 --> 00:03:21,301 HERES JUNE 16TH 69 00:03:21,401 --> 00:03:22,302 JUNE 17TH 70 00:03:22,402 --> 00:03:23,703 AND JUNE 18TH. 71 00:03:23,803 --> 00:03:26,973 JAMES: MERCURY SEEMS TO SNUGGLE UP NEXT TO MARS AND 72 00:03:27,073 --> 00:03:29,108 HERES THE ZOOMED IN VIEW. 73 00:03:29,209 --> 00:03:31,411 THEY'LL ONLY BE ABOUT A QUARTER OF A DEGREE APART, 74 00:03:31,511 --> 00:03:35,815 SO YOU MAY BE ABLE TO SEE BOTH PLANETS THROUGH A TELESCOPE AT THE SAME TIME. 75 00:03:35,915 --> 00:03:38,585 DEAN: OF COURSE YOUR VIEW WONT BE NEARLY AS GOOD 76 00:03:38,685 --> 00:03:40,486 AS THESE. 77 00:03:40,587 --> 00:03:44,724 THIS IS THE VIEW OF MERCURY FROM THE MESSENGER SPACECRAFT WHICH ORBITED THERE FROM 2011 TO 78 00:03:44,824 --> 00:03:45,959 2015. 79 00:03:46,059 --> 00:03:48,328 JAMES: AND HERE IS THE GLOBAL MAP OF MARS TAKEN BY 80 00:03:48,428 --> 00:03:50,697 THE MANY ORBITING SATELLITES WE SENT UP THERE. 81 00:03:50,797 --> 00:03:53,233 DEAN: THE M-PLANETS ARE TRULY MARVELOUS! 82 00:03:53,333 --> 00:03:54,434 CLOSE-UP ENDING 83 00:03:54,534 --> 00:03:56,469 JAMES: SO THERE YOU HAVE IT. 84 00:03:56,569 --> 00:03:59,472 HOW TO LOOK FOR MERCURY AND MARS IN THE NIGHT SKY THIS WEEKEND. 85 00:03:59,572 --> 00:04:02,175 DEAN: MERCURY IS ALWAYS TOUGH TO FIND SINCE IT DOESN'T 86 00:04:02,275 --> 00:04:03,443 STRAY FAR FROM THE SUN. 87 00:04:03,543 --> 00:04:06,045 JAMES: AND THIS MIGHT BE THE LAST CHANCE TO SEE MARS 88 00:04:06,145 --> 00:04:07,614 BEFORE IT HEADS BEHIND THE SUN. 89 00:04:07,714 --> 00:04:09,749 DEAN: AND IF YOU NEVER LEARNED THE ORDER OF THE 90 00:04:09,849 --> 00:04:14,754 PLANETS - SHAME ON YOUR TEACHERS - REPEAT THE SAYING DAILY, MY VERY EDUCATED MOTHER 91 00:04:14,854 --> 00:04:16,422 JUST SERVED US NACHOS. 92 00:04:16,522 --> 00:04:18,391 JAMES: WE HAVE TO DO A SHOW ON NEPTUNE. 93 00:04:18,491 --> 00:04:20,093 DEAN: JUST SO WE CAN GET SOME NACHOS? 94 00:04:20,193 --> 00:04:21,327 JAMES: EXACTLY! 95 00:04:21,427 --> 00:04:23,830 DEAN: THE UNIVERSE IS FULL OF PLANETS AND NACHOS, 96 00:04:23,930 --> 00:04:25,665 AND IT'S ALL THERE WHEN YOU 97 00:04:25,765 --> 00:04:29,765 BOTH: KEEP LOOKING UP!