WEBVTT 00:20.520 --> 00:21.921 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% OPPOSING JUPITER! 00:22.022 --> 00:23.923 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: WELCOME TO STAR GAZERS. 00:24.024 --> 00:26.760 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% I'M JAMES ALBURY, DIRECTOR OF THE KIKA SILVA PLA PLANETARIUM 00:26.860 --> 00:28.094 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% IN GAINESVILLE FLORIDA. 00:28.194 --> 00:30.463 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: AND I'M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER FROM THE CINCINNATI 00:30.563 --> 00:31.664 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% OBSERVATORY. 00:31.765 --> 00:33.233 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: ITS THAT TIME OF YEAR AGAIN FOR VIEWING MY 00:33.333 --> 00:36.436 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% FAVORITE GAS GIANT PLANET AT ITS BIGGEST AND BRIGHTEST! 00:36.536 --> 00:37.504 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: THAT'S RIGHT, JAMES! 00:37.604 --> 00:40.173 align:left position:75% line:89% size:15% ON JUNE 10TH, JUPITER WILL BE AT OPPOSITION. 00:40.273 --> 00:43.076 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% THIS MEANS THAT ITLL BE IN A GREAT LOCATION FOR VIEWING. 00:43.176 --> 00:44.811 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: WHAT ARE WE TALKING ABOUT? 00:44.911 --> 00:46.212 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% LET'S SHOW YOU! 00:46.312 --> 00:48.848 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: JUPITER IS THE LARGEST OF ALL THE PLANETS 00:48.948 --> 00:54.454 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% IN OUR SUN'S FAMILY AND IS THE FIFTH PLANET FROM THE SUN, OUR EARTH BEING NUMBER THREE. 00:54.554 --> 01:00.360 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% EARTH IS, ON AVERAGE 93 MILLION MILES AWAY FROM THE SUN, WHEREAS JUPITER'S AVERAGE DISTANCE 01:00.460 --> 01:03.163 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% IS 484 MILLION MILES. 01:03.263 --> 01:08.401 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% THOSE ARE PRETTY BIG NUMBERS AND BECAUSE THE PLANETS ARE SO FAR AWAY FROM EACH OTHER, ASTRONOMERS 01:08.501 --> 01:12.972 align:left position:72.5% line:83% size:17.5% DONT OFTEN REFER TO THE DISTANCES IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM USING MILES OR KILOMETERS. 01:13.073 --> 01:17.410 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% THAT WOULD BE LIKE MEASURING THE DISTANCE FROM YOUR HOUSE TO THE GROCERY STORE IN INCHES 01:17.510 --> 01:18.645 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% OR CENTIMETERS. 01:18.745 --> 01:21.081 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: INSTEAD, WE USE THE AVERAGE DISTANCE BETWEEN 01:21.181 --> 01:24.050 align:left position:72.5% line:89% size:17.5% THE EARTH AND THE SUN AS OUR MEASURING STICK. 01:24.150 --> 01:27.320 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% WE CALL THAT DISTANCE AN ASTRONOMICAL UNIT OR A.U. 01:27.420 --> 01:33.259 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% SO, IF WE CONVERTED OUR UNITS FROM MILES TO AUS, EARTH IS ONE ASTRONOMICAL UNIT FROM THE 01:33.359 --> 01:37.597 align:left position:72.5% line:83% size:17.5% SUN AND JUPITER ON AVERAGE IS 5.2 ASTRONOMICAL UNITS FROM THE SUN. 01:37.697 --> 01:40.600 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: AS JUPITER AND EARTH ORBIT THE SUN, THEY CONSTANTLY 01:40.700 --> 01:42.702 align:left position:85% line:89% size:5% VARY THEIR DISTANCE FROM EACH OTHER. 01:42.802 --> 01:47.273 align:left position:72.5% line:83% size:17.5% WHEN JUPITER IS AT ITS FARTHEST DISTANCE FROM US AND IS ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE SUN AS 01:47.373 --> 01:51.945 align:left position:62.5% line:83% size:27.5% SEEN FROM EARTH, IT CAN BE AS FAR AS 6.2 ASTRONOMICAL UNITS AWAY. 01:52.045 --> 01:54.948 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: HOWEVER, ONCE EVERY YEAR, EARTH AND JUPITER 01:55.048 --> 02:00.320 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% LINE UP ON THE SAME SIDE OF THE SUN AND ARE A WHOLE 2 ASTRONOMICAL UNITS CLOSER TO EACH 02:00.420 --> 02:02.122 align:left position:42.5% line:89% size:47.5% OTHER. 02:02.222 --> 02:05.658 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% WHENEVER THIS HAPPENS WE SAY JUPITER IS AT OPPOSITION BECAUSE JUPITER IS OPPOSITE THE 02:05.758 --> 02:07.727 align:left position:87.5% line:89% size:2.5% SUN IN THE SKY AS SEEN FROM EARTH. 02:07.827 --> 02:10.130 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: AND WHEN JUPITER IS AT OPPOSITION, IT IS 02:10.230 --> 02:14.434 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% ALWAYS AT ITS CLOSEST, BRIGHTEST AND BEST FOR VIEWING. 02:14.534 --> 02:17.770 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% JUPITER WILL BE AT OPPOSITION THIS YEAR ON MONDAY, JUNE 10TH 02:17.871 --> 02:21.107 align:left position:75% line:89% size:15% AND JUST UNDER 4.3 ASTRONOMICAL UNITS AWAY. 02:21.207 --> 02:24.811 align:left position:72.5% line:83% size:17.5% SO, THIS MAKES IT GREAT FOR VIEWING IN A SMALL TELESCOPE. 02:24.911 --> 02:28.781 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: OK, WE HAVE OUR SKIES SET FOR 11:00 PM, ANY 02:28.882 --> 02:30.517 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% NIGHT THIS WEEK. 02:30.617 --> 02:34.020 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% IF YOU LOOK TOWARD THE SOUTHEAST, YOU'LL SEE JUPITER AMONG THE STARS OF OPHIUCHUS 02:34.120 --> 02:35.855 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% THE SERPENT BEARER. 02:35.955 --> 02:41.194 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% ON JUNE 10TH, JUPITER WILL FORM A TRIANGLE WITH THE STAR ANTARES IN SCORPIUS AND SABIK 02:41.294 --> 02:42.462 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% IN OPHIUCHUS. 02:42.562 --> 02:44.430 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: IF YOU'VE BEEN WATCHING JUPITER OVER THE LAST 02:44.531 --> 02:50.436 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% FEW MONTHS, YOU PROBABLY NOTICED IT MOVING FROM EAST TO WEST BETWEEN SCORPIUS AND SAGITTARIUS. 02:50.537 --> 02:55.708 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% WE CALL THIS RETROGRADE MOTION, AND IT'S AN OPTICAL ILLUSION CAUSED BY US PASSING JUPITER 02:55.808 --> 02:57.577 align:left position:47.5% line:83% size:42.5% IN OUR ORBIT. 02:57.677 --> 03:01.681 align:left position:72.5% line:83% size:17.5% JUPITER BEGAN IT'S RETROGRADE MOTION ON APRIL 15TH THIS YEAR AND PERFORMS THIS APPARENT 03:01.781 --> 03:04.884 align:left position:72.5% line:89% size:17.5% BACKWARD MOTION FOR ALMOST 120 DAYS EACH YEAR. 03:04.984 --> 03:07.320 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: IF YOU KEEP ON EYE ON JUPITER AS WE TRAVEL 03:07.420 --> 03:12.692 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% PAST IT, YOULL NOTICE IT CONTINUES TO TRAVEL WESTWARD THROUGH OPHIUCHUS, REACHING ITS CLOSEST 03:12.792 --> 03:16.262 align:left position:85% line:89% size:5% APPROACH TO SCORPIUS ON AUGUST 11TH. 03:16.362 --> 03:19.866 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% JUPITER WILL APPEAR TO PAUSE AND THEN BEGIN TRAVELLING EASTWARD AGAIN. 03:19.966 --> 03:22.569 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: NO WONDER THEY CALLED THE PLANETS WANDERING 03:22.669 --> 03:23.803 align:left position:42.5% line:89% size:47.5% STARS. 03:23.903 --> 03:26.039 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: THE PLANET JUPITER HAS BEEN OBSERVED IN THE 03:26.139 --> 03:27.774 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% SKY SINCE ANTIQUITY. 03:27.874 --> 03:31.978 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% THE ANCIENT ROMANS NAMED IT AFTER THE KING OF THEIR GODS, WHOM THE GREEKS REFERED 03:32.078 --> 03:33.246 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% TO AS ZEUS. 03:33.346 --> 03:35.848 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: BABYLONIAN ASTRONOMERS HAVE RECORDS OF JUPITER 03:35.949 --> 03:38.918 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% DATING BACK TO THE 7TH CENTURY B.C. 03:39.018 --> 03:43.423 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% IN HIS BOOK THE ALMAGEST, GREEK ASTRONOMER CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY USED JUPITER'S MOTION WITH 03:43.523 --> 03:47.860 align:left position:67.5% line:83% size:22.5% RESPECT TO THE EARTH TO REFINE HIS EARTH-CENTERED MODEL OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM. 03:47.961 --> 03:50.730 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: LASTLY, IF YOURE LIKE ME AND YOU REALLY GET 03:50.830 --> 03:55.668 align:left position:72.5% line:83% size:17.5% EXCITED ABOUT CONJUNCTIONS, SET YOUR CALENDARS FOR JUST AFTER SUNSET ON NOVEMBER 23RD OF 03:55.768 --> 03:59.439 align:left position:72.5% line:83% size:17.5% THIS YEAR, AND JUPITER WILL BE HAVING A SUPER CLOSE CONJUNCTION WITH VENUS. 03:59.539 --> 04:03.343 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: VENUS AND JUPITER WILL BE ONLY 1.5 DEGREES 04:03.443 --> 04:05.912 align:left position:80% line:89% size:10% (OR 3 FULL MOON WIDTHS) APART THAT DAY. 04:06.012 --> 04:11.050 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% THEYLL BOTH BE EXTREMELY BRIGHT AND VISIBLE VERY CLOSE TO THE SOUTHWESTERN HORIZON. 04:11.150 --> 04:13.686 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% JAMES: HOWEVER, IF YOU WANT TO SEE A CRAZY-CLOSE 04:13.786 --> 04:19.492 align:left position:75% line:83% size:15% CONJUNCTION, CHECK OUT JUPITER NEXT YEAR ON DECEMBER 21ST, 2020 WHEN IT HAS A SUPER-CLOSE 04:19.592 --> 04:21.461 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% PAIRING WITH SATURN. 04:21.561 --> 04:26.833 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% JUPITER AND SATURN WILL BE ONLY A TENTH OF A DEGREE (OR 1/5TH OF A FULL MOON WIDTH) APART. 04:26.933 --> 04:30.603 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% THEY'LL BE SO CLOSE THAT YOU'LL BE ABLE TO SEE THEM BOTH IN THE SAME FIELD OF VIEW IN 04:30.703 --> 04:31.604 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% A SMALL TELESCOPE! 04:31.704 --> 04:33.406 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% DEAN: WOW! 04:33.506 --> 04:36.342 align:left position:77.5% line:83% size:12.5% NOW YOU DON'T HAVE TO PLAN THAT FAR AHEAD TO SEE THE KING OF THE PLANETS THIS WEEK. 04:36.442 --> 04:38.411 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% IT'S EASY TO SEE JUPITER WHEN YOU REMEMBER TO 04:38.511 --> 04:42.511 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% BOTH: KEEP LOOKING UP!