1 00:00:20,387 --> 00:00:22,956 A FLYING HORSE AND ANOTHER LUNAR LEAPFROG! 2 00:00:23,056 --> 00:00:25,091 JAMES: WELCOME TO STAR GAZERS. 3 00:00:25,191 --> 00:00:28,928 I'M JAMES ALBURY, DIRECTOR OF THE KIKA SILVA PLA PLANETARIUM IN GAINESVILLE FLORIDA. 4 00:00:29,029 --> 00:00:30,697 DEAN: AND I'M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER FROM 5 00:00:30,797 --> 00:00:32,599 THE CINCINNATI OBSERVATORY. 6 00:00:32,699 --> 00:00:35,535 WE'RE HERE TO HELP YOU FIND YOUR WAY AROUND THE SKY! 7 00:00:35,635 --> 00:00:40,807 IF YOU'RE A FAN OF HORSES AND PECULIAR STAR NAMES, HAVE WE GOT A SHOW FOR YOU! 8 00:00:40,907 --> 00:00:43,443 JAMES: PLUS, WE HAVE ANOTHER LEAPFROG BETWEEN 9 00:00:43,543 --> 00:00:46,646 THE MOON JUPITER AND SATURN NEXT WEEK. 10 00:00:46,746 --> 00:00:48,181 WHAT ARE WE TALKING ABOUT? 11 00:00:48,281 --> 00:00:49,449 LETS SHOW YOU! 12 00:00:49,549 --> 00:00:52,385 JAMES: OK, WE HAVE OUR SKIES SET UP FOR AN HOUR AFTER 13 00:00:52,485 --> 00:00:54,554 SUNSET, FACING EAST. 14 00:00:54,654 --> 00:00:57,924 PEGASUS, THE WINGED HORSE IS EASY TO FIND. 15 00:00:58,024 --> 00:01:02,929 SIMPLY LOOK FOR FOUR BRIGHT STARS THAT FORM A LARGE SQUARE, JUST ABOVE THE EASTERN HORIZON. 16 00:01:03,029 --> 00:01:05,365 DEAN: THAT SQUARE IS AN ASTERISM WE CALL 17 00:01:05,465 --> 00:01:07,400 THE GREAT SQUARE OF PEGASUS. 18 00:01:07,500 --> 00:01:11,204 IF YOU'VE WATCHED OUR SHOW FOR A WHILE, YOU PROBABLY NOTICED THAT SOME OF THE STARS 19 00:01:11,304 --> 00:01:13,773 IN THE SKY HAVE VERY INTERESTING NAMES. 20 00:01:13,873 --> 00:01:15,642 JAMES: THATS BECAUSE MANY OF THE STARS WERE 21 00:01:15,742 --> 00:01:19,145 NAMED BY PERSIAN ASTRONOMERS THOUSANDS OF YEARS AGO. 22 00:01:19,245 --> 00:01:21,981 WHEN ASTRONOMERS OF THAT TIME CHOSE TO NAME THE STARS, 23 00:01:22,082 --> 00:01:24,651 THEY OFTEN NAMED THEM AFTER THE BODY PART IT REPRESENTED 24 00:01:24,751 --> 00:01:25,852 IN THE CONSTELLATION. 25 00:01:25,952 --> 00:01:27,720 DEAN: THE STARS THAT MAKE UP THE GREAT SQUARE OF 26 00:01:27,821 --> 00:01:32,759 PEGASUS, STARTING WITH THE ONE HIGHEST ABOVE THE HORIZON AND MOVING COUNTER-CLOCKWISE ARE 27 00:01:32,859 --> 00:01:35,795 SCHEAT, ALPHERATZ, ALGENIB AND MARKAB. 28 00:01:35,895 --> 00:01:39,199 JAMES: SCHEAT (WHOSE NAME IN ARABIC MEANS THE LEG) 29 00:01:39,299 --> 00:01:45,672 IS A RED GIANT STAR 196 LIGHT YEARS FROM EARTH AND ITS APPROXIMATELY 1500 TIMES AS BRIGHT 30 00:01:45,772 --> 00:01:46,873 AS OUR SUN. 31 00:01:46,973 --> 00:01:49,809 DEAN: ALPHERATZ (WHICH MEANS NAVEL OF THE HORSE) 32 00:01:49,909 --> 00:01:55,181 IS 97 LIGHT YEARS AWAY FROM US AND IS ALSO THE BRIGHTEST STAR IN THE NEIGHBORING CONSTELLATION 33 00:01:55,281 --> 00:01:56,182 ANDROMEDA. 34 00:01:56,282 --> 00:01:58,151 JAMES: THE NEXT STAR IS ALGENIB. 35 00:01:58,251 --> 00:02:01,154 ITS 390 LIGHT YEARS AWAY AND ITS NAME MEANS THE FLANK. 36 00:02:01,254 --> 00:02:03,590 DEAN: THE LAST OF THE FOUR STARS IN THE TRIANGLE 37 00:02:03,690 --> 00:02:05,125 IS MARKAB. 38 00:02:05,225 --> 00:02:09,429 ITS NAME MEANS THE SADDLE OF THE HORSE AND ITS A WHITE SUBGIANT STAR. 39 00:02:09,529 --> 00:02:14,167 ITS EXHAUSTED THE HYDROGEN IN ITS CORE AND EXPANDED TO ALMOST FIVE TIMES THE DIAMETER 40 00:02:14,267 --> 00:02:17,137 OF OUR ALMOST MILLION MILE-WIDE SUN. 41 00:02:17,237 --> 00:02:19,873 JAMES: THE STARS THAT BRANCH OUT FROM SCHEAT MOVING 42 00:02:19,973 --> 00:02:22,542 UPWARD FORM THE LEGS OF PEGASUS. 43 00:02:22,642 --> 00:02:27,847 THE STAR DIRECTLY ABOVE SCHEAT IS A BINARY STAR SYSTEM NAMED MATAR. 44 00:02:27,947 --> 00:02:31,217 MATARS NAME IS DERIVED FROM AN ARABIC PHRASE MEANING LUCKY STAR 45 00:02:31,317 --> 00:02:32,719 OF RAIN. 46 00:02:32,819 --> 00:02:37,157 ITS BAYER DESIGNATION IS ETA PEGASI AND ITS 167 LIGHT YEARS AWAY. 47 00:02:37,257 --> 00:02:39,959 DEAN: MATAR IS INTERESTING BECAUSE ITS PRIMARY STAR 48 00:02:40,059 --> 00:02:46,065 IS A YELLOW GIANT 18 TIMES THE DIAMETER OF OUR SUN WITH A ROTATION RATE OF 818 DAYS. 49 00:02:46,166 --> 00:02:51,104 ITS COMPANION STAR IS A YELLOW-WHITE STAR WHICH ORBITS EVERY 813 DAYS. 50 00:02:51,204 --> 00:02:52,338 JAMES: AND 51 00:02:52,438 --> 00:02:55,708 BELIEVE IT OR NOT, THE U.S. NAVY CARGO SHIP U.S.S. 52 00:02:55,808 --> 00:02:58,077 MATAR WAS NAMED AFTER THIS STAR. 53 00:02:58,178 --> 00:03:02,682 IT WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR DELIVERING TROOPS, GOODS AND EQUIPMENT DURING WORLD WAR TWO AND 54 00:03:02,782 --> 00:03:04,784 WAS BUILT IN JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA. 55 00:03:04,884 --> 00:03:07,153 DEAN: MOVING TOWARD THE HEAD OF PEGASUS, 56 00:03:07,253 --> 00:03:09,689 WE HAVE THE STAR ENIF, WHICH MARKS HIS NOSE. 57 00:03:09,789 --> 00:03:15,962 ENIF IS 690 LIGHT YEARS AWAY AND IS A SUPERGIANT STAR 12 TIMES THE MASS AND 58 00:03:16,062 --> 00:03:18,831 185 TIMES THE DIAMETER OF OUR SUN. 59 00:03:18,932 --> 00:03:22,335 JAMES: THE NEXT STAR IS BIHAM (ALSO KNOWN AS THETA 60 00:03:22,435 --> 00:03:23,403 PEGASI). 61 00:03:23,503 --> 00:03:26,206 I LIKE TO THINK OF IT AS THE EYE OF PEGASUS. 62 00:03:26,306 --> 00:03:30,710 ITS NAME IS DERIVED FROM AN ARABIC PHRASE MEANING LUCKY STARS OF THE YOUNG BEASTS AND 63 00:03:30,810 --> 00:03:32,679 IS OVER 97 LIGHT YEARS AWAY. 64 00:03:32,779 --> 00:03:34,480 DEAN: SPEAKING OF LUCKY, 65 00:03:34,581 --> 00:03:39,619 ONE OF THE STARS IN PEGASUS OTHER LEG IS A STAR JUST TO THE UPPER RIGHT FROM SCHEAT. 66 00:03:39,719 --> 00:03:41,421 ITS NAME IS SADALBARI. 67 00:03:41,521 --> 00:03:47,193 ITS NAME MEANS LUCKY STAR OF THE SPLENDID ONE AND ITS A YELLOW GIANT STAR 106 LIGHT 68 00:03:47,293 --> 00:03:48,461 YEARS AWAY. 69 00:03:48,561 --> 00:03:51,397 JAMES: THAT'S THREE LUCKY STARS IN ONE CONSTELLATION. 70 00:03:51,497 --> 00:03:52,799 WOW. 71 00:03:52,899 --> 00:03:56,336 THE LAST STAR WE'LL TALK ABOUT IS THE ONE JUST ABOVE MARKAB. 72 00:03:56,436 --> 00:04:00,373 ITS TRADITIONAL NAME IS HOMAM AND ITS APPROXIMATELY 204 LIGHT YEARS 73 00:04:00,473 --> 00:04:01,608 AWAY. 74 00:04:01,708 --> 00:04:03,910 DEAN: NOW, LETS CHECK OUT OUR THIRD LUNAR LEAPFROG 75 00:04:04,010 --> 00:04:05,178 OF THE YEAR! 76 00:04:05,278 --> 00:04:07,847 JAMES: OK, WE HAVE OUR SKIES SET UP FOR AN HOUR AFTER 77 00:04:07,947 --> 00:04:10,984 SUNSET ON OCTOBER 3RD FACING SOUTH-WEST. 78 00:04:11,084 --> 00:04:14,587 THE WAXING CRESCENT MOON IS JUST TO A HAIR TO THE LEFT OF JUPITER, AND THEY ARE SUPER 79 00:04:14,687 --> 00:04:15,588 CLOSE THAT NIGHT. 80 00:04:15,688 --> 00:04:16,589 DEAN: THATS RIGHT, JAMES! 81 00:04:16,689 --> 00:04:18,858 NOW, CHECK OUT THE MOON ON THE 4TH 82 00:04:18,958 --> 00:04:19,859 AND THEN THE 5TH. 83 00:04:19,959 --> 00:04:21,261 JAMES: WOW! 84 00:04:21,361 --> 00:04:23,162 THE FIRST QUARTER MOON IS ONLY TWO DEGREES AWAY FROM SATURN! 85 00:04:23,263 --> 00:04:25,164 I THINK I WANT TO DANCE NOW! 86 00:04:25,265 --> 00:04:28,301 DEAN: CHECK OUT THE STARS OF PEGASUS TONIGHT AND 87 00:04:28,401 --> 00:04:29,936 JUPITER AND SATURN AS YOU... 88 00:04:30,036 --> 00:04:34,036 BOTH: KEEP LOOKING UP!