1 00:00:21,187 --> 00:00:22,856 Go South, My Friends! 2 00:00:22,956 --> 00:00:25,091 GREETINGS, GREETINGS, STAR GAZERS. 3 00:00:25,191 --> 00:00:26,926 I M TRACE DOMINGUEZ. 4 00:00:27,027 --> 00:00:31,765 ASTRONOMERS VISUALIZE THE STARS IN THE SKY AS BEING GLUED TO THE INSIDE OF A FICTIONAL 5 00:00:31,865 --> 00:00:35,435 SPHERE THAT SURROUNDS THE EARTH KNOWN AS THE CELESTIAL SPHERE. 6 00:00:35,535 --> 00:00:41,207 WHEN WE LOOK UP AT THE SKY THE HORIZON BLOCKS OUR VIEW OF THE CELESTIAL SPHERE, BUT, OF 7 00:00:41,307 --> 00:00:42,809 COURSE, THE EARTH ROTATES! 8 00:00:42,909 --> 00:00:49,682 THIS MEANS, SOME STARS APPEAR TO RISE AND SET AT THE LINE OF THE HORIZON. 9 00:00:49,783 --> 00:00:53,720 AT ANY GIVEN LOCATION ON THE EARTH, THERE ARE STARS ON THE CELESTIAL SPHERE THAT WILL 10 00:00:53,820 --> 00:00:55,922 NEVER MOVE ABOVE THE HORIZON! 11 00:00:56,022 --> 00:00:59,092 WHICH IS WHY THE SKY LOOKS DIFFERENT FROM DIFFERENT PLACES ON THE PLANET. 12 00:00:59,192 --> 00:01:03,563 FOR EXAMPLE: HERE IS WHAT THE WINTER SKY LOOKS LIKE IN NORTH AMERICA FROM MY HOMETOWN IN 13 00:01:03,663 --> 00:01:05,432 MICHIGAN. 14 00:01:05,532 --> 00:01:10,270 WE CAN SEE FAMILIAR CONSTELLATIONS - THE BIG DIPPER, THE LITTLE DIPPER, ORION, THE NORTH 15 00:01:10,370 --> 00:01:11,838 STAR, POLARIS -- ALIGNED WITH THE NORTH POLE 16 00:01:11,938 --> 00:01:14,340 BUT LET S SAY WE GO ON A TRIP SOUTH. 17 00:01:14,441 --> 00:01:19,679 AS WE MOVE, THE HORIZON SHIFTS REVEALING MORE STARS, AND HIDING OTHERS. 18 00:01:19,779 --> 00:01:24,117 AS WE PASS THE EQUATOR; POLARIS WILL NEVER RISE OR SET 19 00:01:24,217 --> 00:01:25,919 NO MORE NORTH STAR! 20 00:01:26,019 --> 00:01:31,524 AS WE CONTINUE SOUTH THE CELESTIAL SPHERE CHANGES EVEN MORE AND AT 20 OR 30 DEGREES 21 00:01:31,624 --> 00:01:37,797 SOUTH LATITUDE WE BEGIN TO SEE TWO LARGE FUZZY OBJECTS POPPING UP ABOVE THE HORIZON. 22 00:01:37,897 --> 00:01:43,269 THESE TWO FUZZY OBJECTS ARE OTHER GALAXIES IN ORBIT AROUND OUR OWN MILKY WAY. 23 00:01:43,369 --> 00:01:46,606 THEY RE KNOWN AS THE LARGE AND SMALL MAGELLANIC CLOUDS. 24 00:01:46,706 --> 00:01:51,744 THEY ARE ONLY VISIBLE FROM SOUTHERN LATITUDES ON EARTH AND WERE DISCOVERED BY FERDINAND 25 00:01:51,845 --> 00:01:55,081 MAGELLAN DURING HIS CIRCUMNAVIGATION OF THE WORLD. 26 00:01:55,181 --> 00:01:59,552 THERE ARE A NUMBER OF OTHER NOTABLE CONSTELLATIONS AND ASTERISMS THAT ARE ONLY VISIBLE FROM THE 27 00:01:59,652 --> 00:02:01,287 SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 28 00:02:01,387 --> 00:02:05,892 FOR EXAMPLE, THERE S NO BRIGHT STAR AT THE POLE, INSTEAD THERE IS SIGMA OCTANTIS. 29 00:02:05,992 --> 00:02:11,231 IT'S ABOUT 25 TIMES FAINTER AND NOT AS EASY TO FIND IN THE SKY AS POLARIS, BUT IT S 30 00:02:11,331 --> 00:02:16,069 THERE, THOUGH IT S MUCH EASIER TO LOOK FOR THE CONSTELLATION OF CRUX, ALSO KNOWN AS THE 31 00:02:16,169 --> 00:02:17,971 SOUTHERN CROSS. 32 00:02:18,071 --> 00:02:22,509 YOU CAN SEE IT FROM HAWAII, FLORIDA, OR TEXAS IN THE US IF YOU KNOW WHERE TO LOOK -- HINT: 33 00:02:22,609 --> 00:02:24,344 LOOK SOUTH. 34 00:02:24,444 --> 00:02:29,182 RIGHT NEXT TO CRUX, IS THE WELL KNOWN COAL SACK NEBULA, WHICH IS AN AREA OF VERY DENSE 35 00:02:29,282 --> 00:02:33,586 INTERSTELLAR DUST OBSCURING OUR VIEW OF STARS BEHIND IT. 36 00:02:33,686 --> 00:02:38,124 THE SOUTHERN SKY HAS MORE THAN ITS SHARE OF CELESTIAL ATTRACTIONS, BUT REMEMBER, THE SEASONS 37 00:02:38,224 --> 00:02:43,163 ARE REVERSED, SO THE SUMMER TRIANGLE AND ORION ARE NOT ONLY UPSIDE DOWN, BUT THE FORMER APPEARS 38 00:02:43,263 --> 00:02:45,865 IN THE WINTER AND THE LATTER APPEARS IN THE SUMMER! 39 00:02:45,965 --> 00:02:50,236 THE THING THAT BLEW MY MIND IS TO US, THE MOON IS UPSIDE DOWN IN THE SOUTHERN SKY. 40 00:02:50,336 --> 00:02:53,840 THE FAMILIAR FACE IN THE MOON BECOMES THE MOUSE IN THE MOON. 41 00:02:53,940 --> 00:02:59,345 IF YOU GET A CHANCE, LOOKING AT THE SKY IN ANOTHER PART OF THE WORLD IS A WHOLE NEW ADVENTURE, 42 00:02:59,445 --> 00:03:00,380 SO AS ALWAYS 43 00:03:00,480 --> 00:03:04,480 EVEN WHEN TRAVELING, KEEP LOOKING UP!