WEBVTT

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DEAN:
WELCOME TO STAR GAZERS!

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I'M DEAN REGAS, ASTRONOMER FROM THE CINCINATTI
OBSERVATORY.

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JAMES:
AND I'M JAMES ALBURY, DIRECTOR OF THE KIKA

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SILVA PLA PLANETARIUM IN GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA.

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WE ALWAYS HEAR ABOUT THE PLANETS ALIGNING,
BUT WE HAVE SOMETHING REALLY SPECIAL HAPPENING

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THIS WEEK THAT WE GET TO SHARE WITH THE RED
PLANET MARS.

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DEAN:
THATS RIGHT, JAMES.

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MARS, VENUS AND EARTH WILL BE IN JUST THE
RIGHT POSITION THAT WE'LL GET TO SEE A

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MARS-VENUS SCOOCHIE.

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AND IF YOU WERE
ON MARS,

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YOU WOULD SEE A VENUS-EARTH SCOOCHIE.

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JAMES:
WHAT ARE WE TALKING ABOUT?

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LETS SHOW YOU!

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JAMES:
AS MANY OF YOU KNOW, THE PLANETS ORBIT THE

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SUN IN CONCENTRIC ELLIPSES.

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MERCURY BEING THE CLOSEST PLANET TO THE SUN;
THEN VENUS, THEN EARTH AND THEN MARS.

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DEAN:
AS WE TRAVEL AROUND THE SUN, WERE ALL TRAVELING

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AT DIFFERENT SPEEDS.

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THE ASTRONOMER JOHANNES KEPLER NOTICED THAT
PLANETS CLOSER TO THE SUN TRAVEL FASTER THAN

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THOSE FURTHER AWAY.

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IT TAKES MERCURY ONLY 88 EARTH DAYS TO ORBIT
THE SUN, AND VENUS TAKES A LITTLE OVER

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7 AND A HALF MONTHS
TO ORBIT THE SUN.

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JAMES:
EARTH TAKES APPROXIMATELY 365 DAYS (OR ONE

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YEAR) TO ORBIT THE SUN, MEANWHILE MARS TAKES
ALMOST TWO YEARS TO ORBIT THE SUN.

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WHEN WE VIEW THE SOLAR SYSTEM FROM ABOVE,
THE PLANETS LOOK LIKE RUNNERS ON

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A RACE TRACK,
WITH EACH PLANET IN A DIFFERENT LANE.

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JAMES:
VENUS AND MARS ARE THE TWO PLANETS THAT CAN

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COME CLOSEST TO THE EARTH, AND THEY HAVE
A LOT IN COMMON.

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DEAN:
THEY'RE BOTH ROUND, ROCKY OBJECTS THAT CIRCLE

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RELATIVELY CLOSE TO THE SUN.

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JAMES:
RELATIVELY - AT LEAST COMPARED TO THE OUTER

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PLANETS, JUPITER, SATURN, URANUS,
AND NEPTUNE.

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BUT WHEN YOU LOOK CLOSER AT THEM, THEY PRESENT
SOME STARTLING DIFFERENCES.

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DEAN:
FOR INSTANCE, MARS MIGHT BE A GOOD PLACE TO

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PERSONALLY VISIT SOMEDAY, WHILE VENUS WELL

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YOU'D DIE PRETTY MUCH INSTANTLY ON THE SURFACE.

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JAMES:
UGH DONT REMIND ME.....

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DEAN:
ALL THIS WEEK, VENUS, EARTH AND MARS WILL

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BE ARRANGED IN SUCH A WAY THAT WE ON EARTH
WILL SEE A CONJUNCTION BETWEEN VENUS

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AND MARS.

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BASICALLY, VENUS AND MARS WILL BE NEXT TO
EACH OTHER IN THE SKY JUST BEFORE SUNRISE.

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JAMES:
HOWEVER, IF YOU WERE AN OBSERVER ON MARS,

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YOU WOULD SEE VENUS AND EARTH NEXT TO
EACH OTHER IN THE SKY JUST AFTER SUNSET.

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DEAN:
HEY JAMES!

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LETS VIEW THE SKY FROM EARTH, THEN TAKE OUR
VIEWERS TO MARS AND VIEW THE SAME CONJUNCTION

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FROM THERE.

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JAMES:
SOUNDS LIKE A GREAT IDEA, DEAN!

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LETS GO!

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DEAN:
OK, WE HAVE OUR SKIES SET UP FOR OCTOBER 2ND,

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JUST BEFORE SUNRISE, FACING EAST.

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THERE YOU'LL SEE TWO BRIGHT, NON-TWINKLING
LIGHTS.

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THE BRIGHTER OF THE TWO IS OUR SISTER PLANET
VENUS,

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NAMED AFTER THE ROMAN GODDESS OF BEAUTY
AND LOVE.

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JAMES:
THE DIMMER AND REDDER OF THE TWO IS THE RED

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PLANET MARS, NAMED AFTER THE ROMAN GOD
OF WAR.

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EARLY IN THE WEEK,
MARS WILL BE UP AND TO

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THE RIGHT OF VENUS.

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HOWEVER, AS THE WEEK PASSES, YOULL SEE VENUS
GETTING CLOSER AND CLOSER TO MARS.

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DEAN:
THEN, ON OCTOBER 5TH , MARS AND VENUS REACH

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THEIR CLOSEST APPEARANCE TO EACH OTHER IN
THE SKY AND THIS IS THE DAY WHEN MARTIANS

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WILL BE ABLE TO SEE AN EQUALLY CLOSE CONJUNCTION
OF VENUS AND EARTH.

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JAMES:
SINCE THERE ARE

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NO MARTIANS,
AND NO HUMANS ON MARS YET, WE HAVE TO USE

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OUR IMAGINATION.

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DEAN:
SO, GET YOUR SKYBOARDS READY AS WE TAKE A

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TRIP TO MARS AND CHECK OUT THIS SAME CONJUNCTION
FROM A MARTIANS PERSPECTIVE!

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JAMES:
OK, WE'VE GOT OUR SKIES SET UP FOR JUST AFTER

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SUNSET, NEAR GALE CRATER ON MARS.

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SPECIFICALLY, WE'RE ABOUT 4 AND A HALF DEGREES
SOUTH OF THE MARTIAN EQUATOR AND ABOUT 137

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DEGREES EAST LONGITUDE.

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WE ALSO HAVE OUR TIME SET TO JUST AFTER THE
MARTIAN SUNSET AT 18:38

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UNIVERSAL TIME.

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DEAN:
THAT'S JUST IN TIME FOR MARTIAN DINNER!

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IF WE AIMED OUR TELESCOPE TO THE NORTHWEST,
LOW ON THE HORIZON,

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WE WOULD SEE OUR HOME PLANET EARTH SNUGGLING
UP WITH OUR SISTER PLANET VENUS.

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JAMES:
AND IF YOU HAD A REALLY HIGH POWERED LENS

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ON YOUR TELESCOPE,
YOUD SEE A GIBBOUS EARTH WITH A TINY GIBBOUS

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PINPOINT OF LIGHT NEXT TO IT.

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THATS NONE OTHER THAN OUR MOON.

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NOW HOW NEAT IS THAT?!

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DEAN:
SUCH WONDERFUL THINGS TO SEE, ON OUR WORLD

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AND THROUGHOUT THE SOLAR SYSTEM.

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YOU JUST HAVE TO REMEMBER TO

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BOTH:
KEEP LOOKING UP!