1 00:00:18,833 --> 00:00:22,500 AKIKO VO: IT MAY BE THEIR LUNCH 2 00:00:20,333 --> 00:00:24,166 SPOT OR THEIR FISHING HOLE OR 3 00:00:22,500 --> 00:00:27,333 THEIR SOCCER FIELD WHERE THEY 4 00:00:24,166 --> 00:00:31,666 VISIT THE KING KAMEHAMEHA 5 00:00:27,333 --> 00:00:32,300 STATUE. FOR SOME, THOUGH, THE 6 00:00:31,666 --> 00:00:34,933 PRESENT-DAY SITE OF WAILOA STATE 7 00:00:32,300 --> 00:00:38,633 PARK IS SHINMACHI, WHICH MEANS 8 00:00:34,933 --> 00:00:40,500 "NEW TOWN" IN JAPANESE, A 9 00:00:38,633 --> 00:00:42,600 THRIVING BUSINESS DISTRICT OF 10 00:00:40,500 --> 00:00:44,600 THREE CITY BLOCKS ON THE HILO 11 00:00:42,600 --> 00:00:45,833 WATERFRONT WHERE THEY LIVED 12 00:00:44,600 --> 00:00:47,966 THEIR FONDEST CHILDHOOD 13 00:00:45,833 --> 00:00:49,933 MEMORIES. 14 00:00:47,966 --> 00:00:51,166 RAMON GOYA: WE USED TO PLAY 15 00:00:49,933 --> 00:00:53,500 FOOTBALL, SOFTBALL, BASEBALL ON 16 00:00:51,166 --> 00:00:56,133 THE STREET· 17 00:00:53,500 --> 00:00:57,466 JUNE SHIGEMASA: WE DID GET VERY 18 00:00:56,133 --> 00:00:58,800 CLOSE WITH OUR NEIGHBORS. WE 19 00:00:57,466 --> 00:01:01,666 SUPPORTED EACH OTHER. WE HELP 20 00:00:58,800 --> 00:01:04,000 EACH OTHER IN DAILY LIVING. 21 00:01:01,666 --> 00:01:06,800 YOSHINOBU TERADA: AND THE 22 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:08,533 POPULATION WAS LIKE NINETY FIVE 23 00:01:06,800 --> 00:01:11,700 PERCENT JAPANESE· CARPENTERS, 24 00:01:08,533 --> 00:01:13,800 STEVEDORES, FISHERMEN. 25 00:01:11,700 --> 00:01:15,866 RAMON GOYA: AND ALSO THERE WERE 26 00:01:13,800 --> 00:01:18,533 MANY BUSINESSES, COCA-COLA AND 27 00:01:15,866 --> 00:01:23,766 ALSO ALL THE SMALLER BUSINESSES 28 00:01:18,533 --> 00:01:25,733 LIKE GOYA BROTHERS, I KITAGAWA· 29 00:01:23,766 --> 00:01:27,200 DONALD IKEDA: AND THEN ALL THE 30 00:01:25,733 --> 00:01:29,400 PEOPLE WOULD LIVE AROUND AND 31 00:01:27,200 --> 00:01:32,066 THERE WOULD BE LIKE A COURTYARD 32 00:01:29,400 --> 00:01:35,133 AND HAD A COMMUNITY BATH AND 33 00:01:32,066 --> 00:01:37,266 COMMUNITY BATHROOM· 34 00:01:35,133 --> 00:01:38,933 KENNETH KAMEOKA: THAT YOU WOULD 35 00:01:37,266 --> 00:01:43,300 SEE THERE ALL THE PEOPLE WALKING 36 00:01:38,933 --> 00:01:44,133 WITH UNDERWEAR, TOWEL, SOAP, 37 00:01:43,300 --> 00:01:45,433 TARAI. THEY'D ALL GO TO THE 38 00:01:44,133 --> 00:01:46,600 PLACE. 39 00:01:45,433 --> 00:01:49,200 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE: THAT'S WHY 40 00:01:46,600 --> 00:01:50,000 WE WERE JUST SAYING THIS IS WHAT 41 00:01:49,200 --> 00:01:52,233 WE USED TO CALL CHAWAN CUT --IT 42 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:53,033 MEANS "BOWL" IN JAPANESE AND 43 00:01:52,233 --> 00:01:57,566 THIS IS HOW THEY USED TO CUT OUR 44 00:01:53,033 --> 00:01:57,566 HAIR. 45 00:02:00,366 --> 00:02:04,466 AKIKO VO: ON THE MORNING OF 46 00:02:02,766 --> 00:02:06,933 APRIL 1ST, 1946, A TSUNAMI 47 00:02:04,466 --> 00:02:08,966 DESTROYED DOWNTOWN HILO, 48 00:02:06,933 --> 00:02:11,333 REDUCING SHINMACHI'S THREE SOLID 49 00:02:08,966 --> 00:02:14,166 BLOCKS OF SMALL BUSINESSES, 50 00:02:11,333 --> 00:02:17,066 TEMPLES, SHRINES AND FAMILY 51 00:02:14,166 --> 00:02:20,066 HOUSEHOLDS TO RUBBLE. AT LEAST 52 00:02:17,066 --> 00:02:25,600 38 PEOPLE DIED THAT DAY, AMONG 53 00:02:20,066 --> 00:02:25,600 THEM MANY CHILDREN. 54 00:02:27,800 --> 00:02:31,400 MASAKO ODACHI: AND I HAD A 55 00:02:29,033 --> 00:02:33,800 SPECIAL FRIEND AND HER NAME WAS 56 00:02:31,400 --> 00:02:35,400 SADAKO, AND I STILL MISS HER, 57 00:02:33,800 --> 00:02:38,500 BUT I LOST HER IN 1946 TIDAL 58 00:02:35,400 --> 00:02:40,766 WAVE. 59 00:02:38,500 --> 00:02:42,533 AKIKO VO: ALTHOUGH THE TSUNAMI 60 00:02:40,766 --> 00:02:44,433 ALMOST DESTROYED SHINMACHI, IT 61 00:02:42,533 --> 00:02:46,200 WAS NOT THE ONLY IMPORTANT EVENT 62 00:02:44,433 --> 00:02:48,266 TO HAPPEN IN THIS PLACE WHERE 63 00:02:46,200 --> 00:02:55,600 HUNDREDS OF LIVES HAD BEEN LIVED 64 00:02:48,266 --> 00:02:55,600 FOR MORE THAN THREE DECADES. 65 00:02:56,200 --> 00:02:59,433 AKIKO VO: BEFORE THE WAVE, THE 66 00:02:58,000 --> 00:03:00,900 PEOPLE OF SHINMACHI WORKED 67 00:02:59,433 --> 00:03:02,933 TOGETHER AS A COMMUNITY TO FORGE 68 00:03:00,900 --> 00:03:05,433 THEIR INDEPENDENCE FROM THE 69 00:03:02,933 --> 00:03:07,300 ECONOMIC DOMINANCE OF HAWAII'S 70 00:03:05,433 --> 00:03:09,033 SUGAR COMPANIES. TOGETHER, 71 00:03:07,300 --> 00:03:11,366 SHINMACHI'S CLOSELY KNIT 72 00:03:09,033 --> 00:03:13,700 BUSINESSES, FAMILIES AND SOCIAL 73 00:03:11,366 --> 00:03:17,166 ORGANIZATIONS, POOLED THEIR 74 00:03:13,700 --> 00:03:19,533 RESOURCES AND THEIR EFFORTS. 75 00:03:17,166 --> 00:03:21,666 TEMPLES, SHRINES AND OTHER 76 00:03:19,533 --> 00:03:23,833 PLACES OF WORSHIP HELD THEM 77 00:03:21,666 --> 00:03:26,100 TOGETHER. THEY WANTED TO ENSURE 78 00:03:23,833 --> 00:03:28,466 THAT THE NEXT GENERATIONS WOULD 79 00:03:26,100 --> 00:03:31,233 NEVER KNOW THE GRUELING LABOR 80 00:03:28,466 --> 00:03:33,566 AND THE WORLD OF UNCERTAINTIES 81 00:03:31,233 --> 00:03:35,866 THAT THE FIRST GENERATION 82 00:03:33,566 --> 00:03:37,800 OVERCAME IN HAWAII. 83 00:03:35,866 --> 00:03:40,400 AKIKO VO: WE KNOW THE TSUNAMI 84 00:03:37,800 --> 00:03:43,500 GRABBED A HOLD OF SHINMACHI AND 85 00:03:40,400 --> 00:03:44,933 STOLE IT AWAY. BUT WHAT DID IT 86 00:03:43,500 --> 00:03:49,766 TAKE? AND WHAT, IF ANYTHING, 87 00:03:44,933 --> 00:03:49,766 REMAINS? 88 00:03:53,833 --> 00:03:56,733 AKIKO VO: MOST JAPANESE MEN WERE 89 00:03:54,833 --> 00:03:58,866 BROUGHT TO HAWAII AS CONTRACT 90 00:03:56,733 --> 00:04:01,200 LABORERS FOR THE FIVE MAJOR 91 00:03:58,866 --> 00:04:03,966 SUGAR COMPANIES. THE CONTRACTS 92 00:04:01,200 --> 00:04:06,033 BOUND WORKERS TO THE PLANTATION 93 00:04:03,966 --> 00:04:08,300 FOR THREE TO FIVE YEARS, WHERE 94 00:04:06,033 --> 00:04:11,233 THEY WORKED LONG HOURS UNDER THE 95 00:04:08,300 --> 00:04:13,633 STRICT SUPERVISION OF CAUCASIAN 96 00:04:11,233 --> 00:04:15,633 OVERSEERS. WORKERS LIVED IN 97 00:04:13,633 --> 00:04:19,100 COMPANY HOUSING THAT WAS OFTEN 98 00:04:15,633 --> 00:04:21,666 IN DISREPAIR AND THE ONLY MARKET 99 00:04:19,100 --> 00:04:24,166 AVAILABLE WAS THE COMPANY STORE 100 00:04:21,666 --> 00:04:26,633 WHERE THE SUGAR COMPANIES 101 00:04:24,166 --> 00:04:29,566 DETERMINED WHAT WOULD BE ON THE 102 00:04:26,633 --> 00:04:32,133 SHELVES. THE COMPANIES WOULD 103 00:04:29,566 --> 00:04:34,200 PROFIT FROM THEIR EMPLOYEES WHO 104 00:04:32,133 --> 00:04:36,166 HAD NOWHERE ELSE TO SHOP. MANY 105 00:04:34,200 --> 00:04:37,866 JAPANESE PLANTATION WORKERS 106 00:04:36,166 --> 00:04:41,100 FOUGHT AGAINST THE SYSTEM WITH 107 00:04:37,866 --> 00:04:43,333 STRIKES AND OTHER FORMS OF 108 00:04:41,100 --> 00:04:44,766 PROTEST. SOME WORKERS TOOK A 109 00:04:43,333 --> 00:04:47,166 DIFFERENT PATH: THEY LEFT THE 110 00:04:44,766 --> 00:04:49,333 PLANTATION TO CREATE BUSINESSES 111 00:04:47,166 --> 00:04:51,600 OF THEIR OWN, TO PROVIDE FOR 112 00:04:49,333 --> 00:04:53,233 THEMSELVES AND THEIR NEIGHBORS 113 00:04:51,600 --> 00:04:56,066 AND TO ULTIMATELY BUILD A STRONG 114 00:04:53,233 --> 00:04:58,633 ECONOMIC FOUNDATION FOR THEIR 115 00:04:56,066 --> 00:05:00,600 CHILDREN. AS INDEPENDENT 116 00:04:58,633 --> 00:05:02,533 BUSINESSPEOPLE, THEY WOULD NOT 117 00:05:00,600 --> 00:05:04,400 BE LIMITED BY THEIR NATIONAL 118 00:05:02,533 --> 00:05:07,200 ORIGIN, BY THEIR WORKING CLASS 119 00:05:04,400 --> 00:05:11,200 STATUS OR BY RACIAL 120 00:05:07,200 --> 00:05:12,866 DISCRIMINATION. IN JANUARY 1913. 121 00:05:11,200 --> 00:05:15,600 A GROUP OF JAPANESE BUSINESSMEN 122 00:05:12,866 --> 00:05:17,700 FORMED THE HILO SHINMACHI 123 00:05:15,600 --> 00:05:21,300 ASSOCIATION, THE GROUP ORGANIZED 124 00:05:17,700 --> 00:05:23,800 AS A KUMIAI -- AN ASSOCIATION TO 125 00:05:21,300 --> 00:05:25,700 ASSIST WHEN THERE WAS A DEATH IN 126 00:05:23,800 --> 00:05:28,933 THE FAMILY. THE KUMIAI WOULD AID 127 00:05:25,700 --> 00:05:30,766 THE PEOPLE OF SHINMACHI BETWEEN 128 00:05:28,933 --> 00:05:33,900 PIOPIO STREET AND THE WAIAKEA 129 00:05:30,766 --> 00:05:35,433 BRIDGE. 130 00:05:33,900 --> 00:05:37,000 AKIKO VO: THIS PARTICULAR KUMIAI 131 00:05:35,433 --> 00:05:38,433 ALSO BECAME A COMMUNITY OF 132 00:05:37,000 --> 00:05:40,400 MUTUALLY SUPPORTIVE 133 00:05:38,433 --> 00:05:42,666 ENTREPRENEURS. 134 00:05:40,400 --> 00:05:44,666 AKIKO VO: ONE SHINMACHI 135 00:05:42,666 --> 00:05:47,266 ASSOCIATION MEMBER, KAMETARO 136 00:05:44,666 --> 00:05:51,033 FUJIMOTO, CAME TO HAWAII IN 1894 137 00:05:47,266 --> 00:05:52,900 AT AGE 16 TO WORK ON A 138 00:05:51,033 --> 00:05:55,900 PLANTATION. HE LEARNED CARPENTRY 139 00:05:52,900 --> 00:05:57,900 AND BUILT HOUSES FOR PLANTATION 140 00:05:55,900 --> 00:05:59,733 WORKERS. HE LEFT THE PLANTATION 141 00:05:57,900 --> 00:06:00,666 AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY TO 142 00:05:59,733 --> 00:06:04,100 STRIKE OUT ON HIS OWN AS A 143 00:06:00,666 --> 00:06:06,233 GENERAL CONTRACTOR CONSTRUCTING 144 00:06:04,100 --> 00:06:09,766 COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS AND HOMES 145 00:06:06,233 --> 00:06:11,966 IN HILO'S UPSCALE NEIGHBORHOODS. 146 00:06:09,766 --> 00:06:14,200 BUT EVEN AS A SUCCESSFUL 147 00:06:11,966 --> 00:06:16,300 INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR, FUJIMOTO 148 00:06:14,200 --> 00:06:18,266 COULD NOT ESCAPE THE CONSTRAINTS 149 00:06:16,300 --> 00:06:20,966 OF THE SUGAR COMPANIES WHO 150 00:06:18,266 --> 00:06:23,533 CONTROL THE SUPPLY CHAINS AND 151 00:06:20,966 --> 00:06:26,566 PROCESSING OF LUMBER, FUJIMOTO 152 00:06:23,533 --> 00:06:29,233 MADE A BOLD DECISION. HE BECAME 153 00:06:26,566 --> 00:06:31,033 HIS OWN SUPPLIER AND IN DOING 154 00:06:29,233 --> 00:06:35,266 SO, FOUNDED WHAT BECAME ONE OF 155 00:06:31,033 --> 00:06:37,333 HAWAII'S LEADING BUSINESSES. 156 00:06:35,266 --> 00:06:41,100 MICHAEL FUJIMOTO: IN 1921 OR 157 00:06:37,333 --> 00:06:44,133 EVEN A LITTLE BIT BEFORE '21 HE 158 00:06:41,100 --> 00:06:45,966 AND HIS FRIENDS CREATED HAWAII 159 00:06:44,133 --> 00:06:48,133 PLANING MILL LIMITED, AND THIS 160 00:06:45,966 --> 00:06:49,500 WAS A COMPANY THAT WAS DESIGNED 161 00:06:48,133 --> 00:06:56,266 TO SUPPLY LUMBER TO THE 162 00:06:49,500 --> 00:06:56,266 COMMUNITY. 163 00:06:56,533 --> 00:06:59,133 AKIKO VO: SUMIE TOKUNAGA ALSO 164 00:06:57,533 --> 00:07:00,800 FORGED A PATH FROM THE 165 00:06:59,133 --> 00:07:02,666 PLANTATION TO PRIVATE 166 00:07:00,800 --> 00:07:03,966 ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN SHINMACHI BY 167 00:07:02,666 --> 00:07:06,900 TURNING HIS PASSION FOR FISHING 168 00:07:03,966 --> 00:07:09,133 INTO ANOTHER OF HILO'S CENTURY 169 00:07:06,900 --> 00:07:13,866 BUSINESSES. HE CAME TO HAWAII AT 170 00:07:09,133 --> 00:07:16,133 AGE 19 TO WORK ON THE 171 00:07:13,866 --> 00:07:19,300 PLANTATIONS BECAUSE AS THE STORY 172 00:07:16,133 --> 00:07:22,033 GOES, HE DID NOT WANT TO BE A 173 00:07:19,300 --> 00:07:23,900 SHINTO PRIEST. AT THE END OF HIS 174 00:07:22,033 --> 00:07:25,733 CONTRACT, HE LEFT THE PLANTATION 175 00:07:23,900 --> 00:07:28,800 TO WORK AS AN ACCOUNTANT IN A 176 00:07:25,733 --> 00:07:32,100 GENERAL STORE IN SHINMACHI. HE 177 00:07:28,800 --> 00:07:35,300 WAS GOOD AT BUSINESS, BUT HAD A 178 00:07:32,100 --> 00:07:38,266 PASSION FOR FISHING. HE MERGED 179 00:07:35,300 --> 00:07:41,633 THE TWO IN 1920 WHEN HE OPENED 180 00:07:38,266 --> 00:07:44,033 HIS S. TOKUNAGA STORE WHERE 181 00:07:41,633 --> 00:07:45,966 CUSTOMERS CAME FROM MILES AWAY 182 00:07:44,033 --> 00:07:47,566 TO BUY THEIR FISHING SUPPLIES. 183 00:07:45,966 --> 00:07:48,966 MICHAEL TOKUNAGA: MY 184 00:07:47,566 --> 00:07:51,000 GRANDFATHER'S CUSTOMER BASE, 185 00:07:48,966 --> 00:07:53,366 DURING THE YOU KNOW EARLIER 186 00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:55,866 TIMES, I HEARD STORIES OF PEOPLE 187 00:07:53,366 --> 00:07:57,600 DRIVING IN FROM PUNA, DRIVING IN 188 00:07:55,866 --> 00:07:59,833 FROM KAU OR EVEN DRIVING IN FROM 189 00:07:57,600 --> 00:08:01,566 THE HAMAKUA COAST, YOU KNOW, I 190 00:07:59,833 --> 00:08:03,933 GUESS THIS WAS A BIG TREAT FOR 191 00:08:01,566 --> 00:08:05,433 FAMILIES TO, YOU KNOW, DRIVE 192 00:08:03,933 --> 00:08:07,233 INTO TOWN AFTER WORK FRIDAYS OR 193 00:08:05,433 --> 00:08:08,866 FIRST THING SATURDAY MORNING, 194 00:08:07,233 --> 00:08:10,400 SPEND THE TIME IN HILO TOWN, YOU 195 00:08:08,866 --> 00:08:12,766 KNOW, DO THE GROCERY SHOPPING 196 00:08:10,400 --> 00:08:14,166 AND DO WHATEVER SHOPPING. 197 00:08:12,766 --> 00:08:16,166 AKIKO VO: SHINMACHI 198 00:08:14,166 --> 00:08:17,366 ENTREPRENEURS WERE GOOD AT 199 00:08:16,166 --> 00:08:19,300 DIVERSIFICATION, MEETING THE 200 00:08:17,366 --> 00:08:22,666 NEEDS AND SATISFYING THE TASTES 201 00:08:19,300 --> 00:08:24,666 OF THEIR COMMUNITY. THE IKEDA 202 00:08:22,666 --> 00:08:27,533 FAMILY STARTED A VARIETY OF 203 00:08:24,666 --> 00:08:29,100 BUSINESSES AT THE TURN OF THE 204 00:08:27,533 --> 00:08:32,533 20TH CENTURY WHEN TATSUNOSUKE 205 00:08:29,100 --> 00:08:34,766 IKEDA ARRIVED FROM HIROSHIMA. 206 00:08:32,533 --> 00:08:36,566 DONALD IKEDA: BUT HE WANTED THE 207 00:08:34,766 --> 00:08:38,466 ADVENTURE SO HE CAME OVER. AND 208 00:08:36,566 --> 00:08:40,266 SO HE CAME OVER AS A LABORER AND 209 00:08:38,466 --> 00:08:43,066 HE WAS AT KUKUIHAELE BUT HE 210 00:08:40,266 --> 00:08:45,300 WOULD NOT BUY ANYTHING FROM THE 211 00:08:43,066 --> 00:08:47,000 COMPANY, YOU KNOW, THE 212 00:08:45,300 --> 00:08:48,700 PLANTATION STORE. HE WOULD GO 213 00:08:47,000 --> 00:08:52,333 FISHING. AND MY GRANDMOTHER 214 00:08:48,700 --> 00:08:54,900 WOULD RAISE VEGETABLES AND 215 00:08:52,333 --> 00:08:56,566 SOMEHOW HE GOT INVOLVED WITH 216 00:08:54,900 --> 00:08:57,833 HORSE AND BUGGY. I DON'T KNOW 217 00:08:56,566 --> 00:08:59,400 HOW. AND HE RAN THE 218 00:08:57,833 --> 00:09:01,000 TRANSPORTATION STORE. 219 00:08:59,400 --> 00:09:02,600 AKIKO VO: AFTER SUCCESSFULLY 220 00:09:01,000 --> 00:09:04,800 STARTING A TRANSPORTATION 221 00:09:02,600 --> 00:09:06,433 BUSINESS BETWEEN HILO AND 222 00:09:04,800 --> 00:09:10,433 HONOKAA, IKEDA ESTABLISHED THE 223 00:09:06,433 --> 00:09:13,566 FIRST SHOYU AND MISO FACTORIES 224 00:09:10,433 --> 00:09:15,733 ON HAWAII ISLAND. HE HAD A 225 00:09:13,566 --> 00:09:18,133 REPUTATION FOR HARD WORK AND FOR 226 00:09:15,733 --> 00:09:20,366 MAKING PERSONAL VISITS TO 227 00:09:18,133 --> 00:09:24,833 CUSTOMERS IN HIS TRUCK--A RATHER 228 00:09:20,366 --> 00:09:26,466 BIG DEAL IN EARLY SHINMACHI. 229 00:09:24,833 --> 00:09:30,000 TATSUNOSUKE'S SON, SHIRO IKEDA, 230 00:09:26,466 --> 00:09:32,933 MOVED INTO NOODLE MANUFACTURING. 231 00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:35,200 THIS ENDEAVOR EVENTUALLY BECAME 232 00:09:32,933 --> 00:09:38,533 HILO MACARONI COMPANY. THE LOCAL 233 00:09:35,200 --> 00:09:41,533 JAPANESE PRESS CELEBRATED SHIRO 234 00:09:38,533 --> 00:09:44,400 AS "FLUENT IN BOTH ENGLISH AND 235 00:09:41,533 --> 00:09:46,800 JAPANESE" AND "SHARP-WITTED." 236 00:09:44,400 --> 00:09:48,433 HE WAS CONSIDERED A SHINING 237 00:09:46,800 --> 00:09:50,433 EXAMPLE FOR THE SECOND 238 00:09:48,433 --> 00:09:53,533 GENERATION, WHERE HIS FATHER WAS 239 00:09:50,433 --> 00:09:56,433 KNOWN AS STEADY AND AMBITIOUS. 240 00:09:53,533 --> 00:09:59,533 SHIRO WORKED LIGHTNING-FAST TO 241 00:09:56,433 --> 00:10:02,000 BUILD A $30,000 SODA WORKS, 242 00:09:59,533 --> 00:10:04,800 OUTFITTED WITH THE LATEST 243 00:10:02,000 --> 00:10:06,133 TECHNOLOGY. HE BECAME KNOWN AS 244 00:10:04,800 --> 00:10:09,966 "THE MAN WHO BROUGHT 7-UP TO 245 00:10:06,133 --> 00:10:11,633 HILO." 246 00:10:09,966 --> 00:10:13,266 AKIKO VO: INNOVATION AND 247 00:10:11,633 --> 00:10:15,000 EXPANSION REQUIRED CAPITAL AND 248 00:10:13,266 --> 00:10:18,166 THE BANKING SYSTEM SERVED THE 249 00:10:15,000 --> 00:10:20,500 INTEREST OF THE SUGAR PLANTERS, 250 00:10:18,166 --> 00:10:23,333 NOT THEIR FORMER LABORERS WHO 251 00:10:20,500 --> 00:10:26,066 WERE VIEWED AS COMPETITION. 252 00:10:23,333 --> 00:10:28,500 ISOJIRO KITAGAWA WAS ONE SUCH 253 00:10:26,066 --> 00:10:30,533 COMPETITOR. HE PAID HIS OWN WAY 254 00:10:28,500 --> 00:10:32,800 FROM JAPAN TO THE CANE FIELDS OF 255 00:10:30,533 --> 00:10:36,066 HAWAII. BEFORE THE END OF HIS 256 00:10:32,800 --> 00:10:38,866 FIRST DAY AT WORK, HE HAD ENOUGH 257 00:10:36,066 --> 00:10:41,766 OF PLANTATION LIFE AND TURNED IN 258 00:10:38,866 --> 00:10:43,200 HIS CANE CUTTER. HE HEADED TO 259 00:10:41,766 --> 00:10:46,300 SHINMACHI TO MAKE HIS LIVING AS 260 00:10:43,200 --> 00:10:47,833 A FISH PEDDLER. 261 00:10:46,300 --> 00:10:49,333 BRIAN KITAGAWA: SO THAT'S WHY, 262 00:10:47,833 --> 00:10:50,566 YOU KNOW, MY GRANDPARENTS WERE 263 00:10:49,333 --> 00:10:51,133 VERY GOOD, COULD CLEAN FISH 264 00:10:50,566 --> 00:10:52,333 FASTER THAN YOU COULD EVEN 265 00:10:51,133 --> 00:10:54,100 IMAGINE. 266 00:10:52,333 --> 00:10:55,633 AKIKO VO: THOUGH GIFTED IN 267 00:10:54,100 --> 00:10:57,533 CLEANING AND SELLING FISH, THE 268 00:10:55,633 --> 00:10:59,400 KITAGAWA'S REAL TALENT WAS IN 269 00:10:57,533 --> 00:11:00,733 FORESEEING CUSTOMER DEMAND IN 270 00:10:59,400 --> 00:11:03,700 SHINMACHI--STARTING WITH THE 271 00:11:00,733 --> 00:11:05,800 FISHERMEN. 272 00:11:03,700 --> 00:11:08,166 BRIAN KITAGAWA: THEY SUPPLIED 273 00:11:05,800 --> 00:11:10,000 THE BOATS, THEY SOLD GAS. AS I 274 00:11:08,166 --> 00:11:12,333 SAID, THEY SOLD GAS FOR THAT. 275 00:11:10,000 --> 00:11:13,166 THEY HAD ONE-CYLINDER ENGINES. 276 00:11:12,333 --> 00:11:15,000 SO THEY USED TO...GOING OUT... 277 00:11:13,166 --> 00:11:16,766 "PUTT PUTT, PUTT PUTT PUTT PUTT, 278 00:11:15,000 --> 00:11:18,433 PUTT PUTT." YOU KNOW, REALLY OLD 279 00:11:16,766 --> 00:11:20,966 SAMPANS. AND THE SAMPANS WERE 280 00:11:18,433 --> 00:11:22,566 BUILT LIKE THE JAPANESE SAMPANS. 281 00:11:20,966 --> 00:11:25,566 AKIKO VO: SELLING GASOLINE FOR 282 00:11:22,566 --> 00:11:28,866 THE FISHERMEN'S ONE-LUNG ENGINE 283 00:11:25,566 --> 00:11:31,033 SAMPANS LED TO SELLING CARS. I. 284 00:11:28,866 --> 00:11:33,700 KITAGAWA MOTORS BECAME ONE OF 285 00:11:31,033 --> 00:11:35,700 SHINMACHI'S MOST IMPORTANT 286 00:11:33,700 --> 00:11:37,933 BUSINESSES. KITAGAWA WAS ALSO A 287 00:11:35,700 --> 00:11:40,133 PARTNER IN NIPPON SHOJI KAISHA, 288 00:11:37,933 --> 00:11:42,933 ONE OF A NUMBER OF HOMEGROWN 289 00:11:40,133 --> 00:11:45,966 INVESTMENT AND LENDING AGENCIES 290 00:11:42,933 --> 00:11:47,700 THAT SERVE JAPANESE BUSINESSMEN. 291 00:11:45,966 --> 00:11:49,600 THIS WAS NEEDED SINCE THE 292 00:11:47,700 --> 00:11:52,100 BANKING ESTABLISHMENT ALMOST 293 00:11:49,600 --> 00:11:54,366 ALWAYS REFUSED LOANS TO JAPANESE 294 00:11:52,100 --> 00:11:56,266 CUSTOMERS. 295 00:11:54,366 --> 00:11:57,433 BRIAN KITAGAWA: IF YOU DIDN'T 296 00:11:56,266 --> 00:11:59,000 HAVE THE MONEY TO START A 297 00:11:57,433 --> 00:12:00,500 BUSINESS, YOU'D HAVE TO, YOU'D 298 00:11:59,000 --> 00:12:01,600 HAVE TO FIND A WAY OF GETTING 299 00:12:00,500 --> 00:12:02,500 THEM READY TO START A BUSINESS. 300 00:12:01,600 --> 00:12:03,900 SO THEY GO TO THEIR FRIENDS AND 301 00:12:02,500 --> 00:12:04,900 ASK, "NOW I GOT THIS IDEA. I'M 302 00:12:03,900 --> 00:12:06,333 GOING TO DO THIS BUSINESS. SO, 303 00:12:04,900 --> 00:12:08,366 YOU KNOW, I NEED YOUR HELP." 304 00:12:06,333 --> 00:12:10,166 THEY GOT TOGETHER AND DECIDED 305 00:12:08,366 --> 00:12:12,033 WHO HAD THE BEST IDEA TO DO A 306 00:12:10,166 --> 00:12:13,433 BUSINESS AND THEY ALL PUT MONEY 307 00:12:12,033 --> 00:12:15,933 IN. WHEN I CAME HERE, WE HAD 308 00:12:13,433 --> 00:12:17,500 STOCK IN SUISAN, AND WE HAD 309 00:12:15,933 --> 00:12:20,100 STOCK HILO RICE MILL, WE HAD 310 00:12:17,500 --> 00:12:22,166 STOCK IN AMERICAN TRADING, AND I 311 00:12:20,100 --> 00:12:23,766 DIDN'T REALIZE WHERE ALL THESE 312 00:12:22,166 --> 00:12:24,866 STOCKS CAME FROM, BUT THEY DATE 313 00:12:23,766 --> 00:12:25,533 FROM THE TIME MY GREAT 314 00:12:24,866 --> 00:12:30,433 GRANDFATHER INVESTING IN 315 00:12:25,533 --> 00:12:30,433 BUSINESSES. 316 00:12:31,266 --> 00:12:34,566 AKIKO VO: STEADY, HARD WORK, 317 00:12:32,400 --> 00:12:36,800 GENEROSITY TOWARD NEIGHBORS AND 318 00:12:34,566 --> 00:12:38,633 A GUTSY SPIRIT TRANSFORMED 319 00:12:36,800 --> 00:12:42,233 SHINMACHI FROM A GROUP OF NEW 320 00:12:38,633 --> 00:12:45,700 BUSINESSES INTO A NEW TOWN. 321 00:12:42,233 --> 00:12:46,900 IN SHINMACHI, OVER A THOUSAND 322 00:12:45,700 --> 00:12:50,066 RESIDENTS WORKED TO CREATE 323 00:12:46,900 --> 00:12:51,600 STABLE, PROSPEROUS FUTURES 324 00:12:50,066 --> 00:12:53,766 FILLED WITH POSSIBILITIES FOR 325 00:12:51,600 --> 00:12:57,500 THE GENERATIONS TO COME. 326 00:12:53,766 --> 00:12:59,033 THE GOAL WAS NOT TO BE THE 327 00:12:57,500 --> 00:13:00,600 RICHEST PERSON IN SHINMACHI, BUT 328 00:12:59,033 --> 00:13:01,833 TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE ECONOMIC 329 00:13:00,600 --> 00:13:07,000 GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY AS A 330 00:13:01,833 --> 00:13:09,300 WHOLE. 331 00:13:07,000 --> 00:13:11,166 AKIKO VO: IN JUST A FEW SHORT 332 00:13:09,300 --> 00:13:12,600 YEARS, SHINMACHI'S MUTUAL 333 00:13:11,166 --> 00:13:14,633 SUPPORT NETWORKS TRANSFORMED A 334 00:13:12,600 --> 00:13:17,366 GROUP OF JAPANESE BUSINESSES 335 00:13:14,633 --> 00:13:19,433 INTO A THRIVING COMMUNITY OF 336 00:13:17,366 --> 00:13:23,133 SHOPS, TEMPLES AND NEIGHBORS WHO 337 00:13:19,433 --> 00:13:24,500 WERE LIKE AN EXTENDED FAMILY. 338 00:13:23,133 --> 00:13:26,666 RAMON GOYA: AND THE GOOD PART 339 00:13:24,500 --> 00:13:29,000 ABOUT SHINMACHI WAS EVERYBODY 340 00:13:26,666 --> 00:13:31,033 SORT OF HELPED EACH OTHER OUT. 341 00:13:29,000 --> 00:13:33,066 THEY REALLY LOOKED AFTER EACH 342 00:13:31,033 --> 00:13:35,733 OTHER. I DIDN'T SEE TOO MANY 343 00:13:33,066 --> 00:13:37,133 COMPETITIVE TYPE OF BUSINESSES 344 00:13:35,733 --> 00:13:38,200 WITH EACH OTHER. THEY ALL, YOU 345 00:13:37,133 --> 00:13:40,033 KNOW, HELPED EACH OTHER WHENEVER 346 00:13:38,200 --> 00:13:40,900 THEY COULD. 347 00:13:40,033 --> 00:13:42,433 AKIKO VO: BUILDING AND 348 00:13:40,900 --> 00:13:44,133 TRANSPORTATION BUSINESSES 349 00:13:42,433 --> 00:13:45,733 FLOURISHED IN SHINMACHI. HAWAII 350 00:13:44,133 --> 00:13:49,033 PLANING MILL, KNOWN TODAY AS 351 00:13:45,733 --> 00:13:50,866 HPM, EXPANDED FROM A SMALL 352 00:13:49,033 --> 00:13:54,233 LUMBER YARD TO BECOME A MAJOR 353 00:13:50,866 --> 00:13:55,833 PLAYER IN THE LOCAL CONSTRUCTION 354 00:13:54,233 --> 00:13:57,333 INDUSTRY. ENTREPRENEUR GUNJI 355 00:13:55,833 --> 00:14:00,100 KONO BROUGHT TRUCKING TO HILO 356 00:13:57,333 --> 00:14:04,000 WHEN HE FOUNDED HILO 357 00:14:00,100 --> 00:14:06,433 TRANSPORTATION COMPANY, OR HITCO 358 00:14:04,000 --> 00:14:08,333 FOR SHORT. VERY FEW PEOPLE IN 359 00:14:06,433 --> 00:14:11,600 SHINMACHI OWNED CARS, BUT PEOPLE 360 00:14:08,333 --> 00:14:13,833 CAME FROM MILES AWAY TO PURCHASE 361 00:14:11,600 --> 00:14:16,700 FROM I.KITAGAWA. AND SHOPS LIKE 362 00:14:13,833 --> 00:14:19,766 QUALITY AUTO, NICK'S GARAGE AND 363 00:14:16,700 --> 00:14:21,766 GOYA BROTHERS MADE SHINMACHI A 364 00:14:19,766 --> 00:14:26,666 DESTINATION FOR PARTS, SERVICE, 365 00:14:21,766 --> 00:14:28,766 AND REPAIR. 366 00:14:26,666 --> 00:14:31,433 AKIKO VO: BEFORE THERE WAS GOYA 367 00:14:28,766 --> 00:14:33,833 BROTHERS, THERE WAS AIZO GOYA'S 368 00:14:31,433 --> 00:14:35,833 HORSE AND BUGGY TAXI SERVICE. 369 00:14:33,833 --> 00:14:37,266 AIZO STARTED OUT AS A MULE 370 00:14:35,833 --> 00:14:40,100 TENDER FOR THE PUNA SUGAR 371 00:14:37,266 --> 00:14:43,900 COMPANY AFTER IMMIGRATING FROM 372 00:14:40,100 --> 00:14:45,800 OKINAWA IN 1909. HE FOUNDED HIS 373 00:14:43,900 --> 00:14:48,700 TRANSPORTATION BUSINESS TO 374 00:14:45,800 --> 00:14:50,133 SUPPORT HIS WIFE HARUKO AND 375 00:14:48,700 --> 00:14:54,133 THEIR GROWING FAMILY. HARUKO 376 00:14:50,133 --> 00:14:56,133 CAME TO HAWAII AS A PICTURE 377 00:14:54,133 --> 00:14:59,933 BRIDE. AIZO CLOSED THE TAXI 378 00:14:56,133 --> 00:15:03,500 SERVICE IN 1933 TO OPEN GOYA 379 00:14:59,933 --> 00:15:06,300 BROTHERS GAS STATION AND GROCERY 380 00:15:03,500 --> 00:15:08,900 WITH HIS SONS, RONALD AND 381 00:15:06,300 --> 00:15:10,633 TOSHIO, KNOWN TO MOST AS "HICK" 382 00:15:08,900 --> 00:15:12,833 AND "SQUARE," AND ELLEN'S 383 00:15:10,633 --> 00:15:15,433 LIQUORS WITH DAUGHTER ELLEN 384 00:15:12,833 --> 00:15:17,400 HIROKO. THE FAMILY'S WARM 385 00:15:15,433 --> 00:15:20,366 HOSPITALITY MADE CUSTOMERS MORE 386 00:15:17,400 --> 00:15:22,433 LIKE GOOD FRIENDS. 387 00:15:20,366 --> 00:15:24,466 RAMON GOYA: MY FATHER WAS MORE 388 00:15:22,433 --> 00:15:26,000 LIKE, WELL, HE WAS A FATHER TO 389 00:15:24,466 --> 00:15:27,900 SOME OF THE GUYS, BUT MORE LIKE 390 00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:30,733 A FAVORITE UNCLE. HE LIKED TO 391 00:15:27,900 --> 00:15:32,333 JUST BE ONE OF THE GUYS ALWAYS 392 00:15:30,733 --> 00:15:33,566 TALKING STORIES, GOING OUT, 393 00:15:32,333 --> 00:15:37,200 GOING MOVIES WITH THEM AND DOING 394 00:15:33,566 --> 00:15:38,966 THINGS WITH THEM. 395 00:15:37,200 --> 00:15:41,066 AKIKO VO: BY THE 1930S NO ONE 396 00:15:38,966 --> 00:15:43,266 HAD TO LEAVE SHINMACHI TO HAVE A 397 00:15:41,066 --> 00:15:46,300 DRESS MADE, OR TO BUY FISHING 398 00:15:43,266 --> 00:15:48,266 SUPPLIES, OR HAVE A SIGN 399 00:15:46,300 --> 00:15:50,600 PAINTED. IT WAS THE PLACE TO GO 400 00:15:48,266 --> 00:15:54,000 FOR FRESHLY MADE BREAD, SUSHI, 401 00:15:50,600 --> 00:15:56,766 NOODLES, ICE CREAM, SAKE, 402 00:15:54,000 --> 00:15:58,833 PASTRIES AND FISHCAKE MADE FROM 403 00:15:56,766 --> 00:16:00,166 THE CATCH OF THE DAY. A PERSON 404 00:15:58,833 --> 00:16:02,866 COULD GET A HAIRCUT, SEE THE 405 00:16:00,166 --> 00:16:05,166 PHARMACIST, HAIL A TAXI, OR SEE 406 00:16:02,866 --> 00:16:08,766 THE MOVIES AT THE ROYAL THEATER. 407 00:16:05,166 --> 00:16:10,733 SHINMACHI HAD EVERYTHING. 408 00:16:08,766 --> 00:16:13,000 AKIKO VO: AND THERE WERE NEW 409 00:16:10,733 --> 00:16:14,833 BUSINESSES EVERY YEAR. RAYMOND 410 00:16:13,000 --> 00:16:19,100 MASATO ATEBARA WAS A FAMILY 411 00:16:14,833 --> 00:16:20,933 BREADWINNER AT AGE 16 WHEN HIS 412 00:16:19,100 --> 00:16:22,866 FATHER BECAME VERY ILL. HE 413 00:16:20,933 --> 00:16:25,600 WORKED AS A BUTCHER, A SAMPAN 414 00:16:22,866 --> 00:16:27,933 DRIVER, ANY JOB THAT WOULD 415 00:16:25,600 --> 00:16:30,066 SUPPORT HIS PARENTS AND FIVE 416 00:16:27,933 --> 00:16:32,266 SIBLINGS. TO MAKE ENDS MEET 417 00:16:30,066 --> 00:16:34,033 DURING HIS STUDENT DAYS AT THE 418 00:16:32,266 --> 00:16:36,866 UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII, MANOA, HE 419 00:16:34,033 --> 00:16:38,933 DELIVERED GROCERIES TO 420 00:16:36,866 --> 00:16:41,300 HONOLULU'S LUXURY HOTELS. ON 421 00:16:38,933 --> 00:16:44,366 THOSE RUNS RAYMOND DISCOVERED A 422 00:16:41,300 --> 00:16:46,933 MAINLAND DELICACY, THE POTATO 423 00:16:44,366 --> 00:16:49,633 CHIP. WHEN HE RETURNED TO HILO 424 00:16:46,933 --> 00:16:52,166 TO CARE FOR HIS FATHER, AN AD IN 425 00:16:49,633 --> 00:16:55,366 POPULAR MECHANICS FOR 426 00:16:52,166 --> 00:16:58,500 CHIP-MAKING EQUIPMENT CAUGHT HIS 427 00:16:55,366 --> 00:17:01,500 EYE. IN 1936, WITH LITTLE MORE 428 00:16:58,500 --> 00:17:03,966 THAN SHEER DETERMINATION TO WORK 429 00:17:01,500 --> 00:17:07,033 WITH ATEBARA'S POTATO CHIPS 430 00:17:03,966 --> 00:17:10,066 OPENED IN ITS ORIGINAL LOCATION 431 00:17:07,033 --> 00:17:12,500 ON EMMA STREET. THE FIRST MONTHS 432 00:17:10,066 --> 00:17:15,266 WERE HARD. NO ONE IN SHINMACHI 433 00:17:12,500 --> 00:17:18,466 HAD HEARD OF POTATO CHIPS, AND 434 00:17:15,266 --> 00:17:21,200 HILO'S HUMIDITY SOMETIMES MADE 435 00:17:18,466 --> 00:17:24,033 THEM SOGGY. WITH A FEW 436 00:17:21,200 --> 00:17:26,366 ADJUSTMENTS, ATEBARA'S TOOK OFF. 437 00:17:24,033 --> 00:17:28,300 MANY YEARS LATER, WHEN HIS 438 00:17:26,366 --> 00:17:31,566 CHILDREN ASKED RAYMOND WHY HE 439 00:17:28,300 --> 00:17:32,500 WENT INTO THE POTATO CHIP 440 00:17:31,566 --> 00:17:37,200 BUSINESS, HE SAID SIMPLY, "I 441 00:17:32,500 --> 00:17:37,200 LIKE THEM." 442 00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:42,366 AKIKO VO: SHINMACHI WAS NOT THE 443 00:17:40,800 --> 00:17:44,900 FANCIEST PART OF TOWN, BUT ITS 444 00:17:42,366 --> 00:17:46,933 RESIDENTS WERE PROUD OF ITS 445 00:17:44,900 --> 00:17:48,900 ACCOMPLISHMENTS. WHEN PRESIDENT 446 00:17:46,933 --> 00:17:51,600 FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT STOPPED IN 447 00:17:48,900 --> 00:17:54,766 HILO DURING HIS 1934 TOUR OF THE 448 00:17:51,600 --> 00:17:56,533 U.S. TERRITORIES, SHINMACHI 449 00:17:54,766 --> 00:17:57,800 BUSINESSES AND THE JAPANESE 450 00:17:56,533 --> 00:17:59,900 IMMIGRANT NEWSPAPERS EXTENDED 451 00:17:57,800 --> 00:18:01,566 ALOHA AND HIGHLIGHTED THEIR 452 00:17:59,900 --> 00:18:04,566 ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS IN THE 453 00:18:01,566 --> 00:18:06,633 DEPTHS OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION. 454 00:18:04,566 --> 00:18:10,100 KANGO KAWASAKI, PRESIDENT OF THE 455 00:18:06,633 --> 00:18:13,266 HILO JAPANESE ASSOCIATION, 456 00:18:10,100 --> 00:18:14,833 GREETED ROOSEVELT AS "THE CHIEF 457 00:18:13,266 --> 00:18:16,066 EXECUTIVE OF THE LAND," "CREATOR 458 00:18:14,833 --> 00:18:18,666 OF THE NEW DEAL," AND "THE 459 00:18:16,066 --> 00:18:20,133 APOSTLE OF NEW DEMOCRACY." 460 00:18:18,666 --> 00:18:22,733 AKIKO VO: ALTHOUGH MOST IN 461 00:18:20,133 --> 00:18:25,333 SHINMACHI ADMIRED THE NEW DEAL, 462 00:18:22,733 --> 00:18:27,466 THEY STAYED FOCUSED ON THE 463 00:18:25,333 --> 00:18:29,933 NEIGHBOR-TO-NEIGHBOR 464 00:18:27,466 --> 00:18:31,866 RELATIONSHIPS THAT HAD SUSTAINED 465 00:18:29,933 --> 00:18:34,000 THEM FOR TWO DECADES, SHINMACHI 466 00:18:31,866 --> 00:18:36,200 FAMILIES HAD ALWAYS KNOWN 467 00:18:34,000 --> 00:18:37,500 STRUGGLE AND SACRIFICE SO THE 468 00:18:36,200 --> 00:18:40,900 HARDSHIPS THAT CAME WITH THE 469 00:18:37,500 --> 00:18:42,933 DEPRESSION WERE ALREADY 470 00:18:40,900 --> 00:18:45,400 FAMILIAR. MERCHANTS EXTENDED 471 00:18:42,933 --> 00:18:47,533 CREDIT WHERE THEY COULD. NIPPON 472 00:18:45,400 --> 00:18:49,566 SHOJI KAISHA WROTE OFF SOME OF 473 00:18:47,533 --> 00:18:53,966 THEIR LOANS AND NEIGHBORS SHARED 474 00:18:49,566 --> 00:18:55,533 WHAT THEY HAD WITH ONE ANOTHER. 475 00:18:53,966 --> 00:18:57,633 AKIKO VO: THE ECONOMY HAD 476 00:18:55,533 --> 00:19:00,200 SLOWED, BUT EVERYBODY IN 477 00:18:57,633 --> 00:19:01,800 SHINMACHI, THE MEN, WOMEN AND 478 00:19:00,200 --> 00:19:04,900 CHILDREN WORKED AS STEADILY AND 479 00:19:01,800 --> 00:19:06,266 SKILLFULLY AS EVER. 480 00:19:04,900 --> 00:19:08,866 YOSHINOBU TERADA: YOU KNOW, MY 481 00:19:06,266 --> 00:19:13,666 FATHER WAS A CARPENTER, BUT HE 482 00:19:08,866 --> 00:19:17,233 WAS ALSO THE HANDYMAN FOR THE 483 00:19:13,666 --> 00:19:20,400 SHINMACHI, THE WOODEN BUILDINGS. 484 00:19:17,233 --> 00:19:23,333 AS A YOUNG MAN I WENT ALONG WITH 485 00:19:20,400 --> 00:19:26,533 MY FATHER TO THE VARIOUS 486 00:19:23,333 --> 00:19:30,733 BUILDINGS TO REPLACE LIKE FOUR- 487 00:19:26,533 --> 00:19:32,400 BY-FOUR, TWO-BY-FOURS. 488 00:19:30,733 --> 00:19:34,400 RAMON GOYA (VO): WE SPENT MOST 489 00:19:32,400 --> 00:19:36,466 OF OUR DAY AT THE SERVICE 490 00:19:34,400 --> 00:19:38,533 STATION-RESTAURANT AREA. AND MY 491 00:19:36,466 --> 00:19:40,800 MOM AND DAD WORKED THE WHOLE 492 00:19:38,533 --> 00:19:42,033 TIME FROM 8:00 IN THE MORNING 493 00:19:40,800 --> 00:19:44,400 WEEKDAYS, EIGHT TO 10:30 AT 494 00:19:42,033 --> 00:19:45,966 NIGHT. 495 00:19:44,400 --> 00:19:49,033 YOSHINOBU TERADA: MY MOTHER 496 00:19:45,966 --> 00:19:50,933 WAS...I HATE TO SAY, TYPICAL, 497 00:19:49,033 --> 00:19:53,766 BUT TYPICAL HOUSEWIFE. SHE HAD 498 00:19:50,933 --> 00:19:55,133 SUCH A BIG FAMILY. 499 00:19:53,766 --> 00:19:56,266 YOSHINOBU TERADA: SHE COOKED IN 500 00:19:55,133 --> 00:19:58,500 THE MORNING, COOKED AT LUNCH AND 501 00:19:56,266 --> 00:20:05,900 COOKED THE DINNER. EIGHT BOYS 502 00:19:58,500 --> 00:20:05,900 AND ONE GIRL. 503 00:20:06,733 --> 00:20:09,533 AKIKO VO: PEPPERED AMONG 504 00:20:08,300 --> 00:20:11,300 SHINMACHI STOREFRONTS WERE A 505 00:20:09,533 --> 00:20:13,033 NUMBER OF SMALL HOUSES OF 506 00:20:11,300 --> 00:20:15,266 WORSHIP, LIKE SUITENGO SHRINE, 507 00:20:13,033 --> 00:20:18,133 WHERE SERVICES WERE CONDUCTED IN 508 00:20:15,266 --> 00:20:21,433 MINISTER JUNGO TSUTSUMI'S FAMILY 509 00:20:18,133 --> 00:20:23,266 HOME. THE TENRIKYO MISSION OF 510 00:20:21,433 --> 00:20:26,533 JAPAN SENT KINZAEMON AND KAMEKI 511 00:20:23,266 --> 00:20:29,500 ODACHI TO HILO TO ESTABLISH 512 00:20:26,533 --> 00:20:31,333 THEIR HOME CHURCH IN SHINMACHI. 513 00:20:29,500 --> 00:20:33,866 AKIKO: THEIR DAUGHTERS, JUNE 514 00:20:31,333 --> 00:20:35,300 AND MASAKO, RECALLED THEIR 515 00:20:33,866 --> 00:20:37,166 PARENTS' DEEP COMMITMENT TO 516 00:20:35,300 --> 00:20:39,200 THEIR DAILY MUSIC AND HEALING 517 00:20:37,166 --> 00:20:40,566 MINISTRIES. 518 00:20:39,200 --> 00:20:42,866 JUNE SHIGEMASA: OUR FATHER, I 519 00:20:40,566 --> 00:20:44,400 BELIEVE, HAD THE RESPONSIBILITY 520 00:20:42,866 --> 00:20:48,566 OF DOING THE EVANGELICAL WORK. 521 00:20:44,400 --> 00:20:50,333 AND SO WE UNDERSTAND THAT HE 522 00:20:48,566 --> 00:20:52,100 TRAVELED BY FOOT AND I DON'T 523 00:20:50,333 --> 00:20:53,800 KNOW WHAT ELSE, BUT HE WENT 524 00:20:52,100 --> 00:20:57,366 SOMEWHERE BEYOND THE CITY LIMITS 525 00:20:53,800 --> 00:21:00,233 AND THAT WAS HIS RESPONSIBILITY 526 00:20:57,366 --> 00:21:01,833 TO ESTABLISH TENRIKYO IN THE 527 00:21:00,233 --> 00:21:05,033 CITY OF HILO. AS BOTH A MINISTER 528 00:21:01,833 --> 00:21:06,333 OF THE CHURCH AND WOMAN OF THE 529 00:21:05,033 --> 00:21:08,966 HOUSEHOLD, KAMEKI ODACHI HAD 530 00:21:06,333 --> 00:21:12,500 MANY DUTIES. 531 00:21:08,966 --> 00:21:14,166 MASAKO ODACHI: SHE WAS QUITE 532 00:21:12,500 --> 00:21:17,766 BUSY BEING A HOUSEWIFE AND SHE 533 00:21:14,166 --> 00:21:20,000 DID PARTICIPATE IN THE SERVICES 534 00:21:17,766 --> 00:21:23,866 AND KEPT THE ALTAR. 535 00:21:20,000 --> 00:21:25,966 JUNE SHIGEMASA: SHE WAS VERY 536 00:21:23,866 --> 00:21:29,900 QUIET AS A MINISTER'S WIFE. SHE 537 00:21:25,966 --> 00:21:34,300 WAS VERY STOIC. BUT SHE HAS THIS 538 00:21:29,900 --> 00:21:36,433 SENSE OF HUMANITARIANISM, YOU 539 00:21:34,300 --> 00:21:38,366 KNOW, AND SO MANY OF THE WOMEN 540 00:21:36,433 --> 00:21:40,233 PARISHIONERS LOOK TO HER FOR 541 00:21:38,366 --> 00:21:42,466 GUIDANCE AND DIRECTION. AND I 542 00:21:40,233 --> 00:21:46,700 CAN, I MAY NOT HAVE UNDERSTOOD 543 00:21:42,466 --> 00:21:50,866 EVERYTHING, BUT I COULD SENSE 544 00:21:46,700 --> 00:21:52,933 THAT PEOPLE WERE DRAWN TO HER 545 00:21:50,866 --> 00:21:53,700 BECAUSE OF HER ABILITY TO 546 00:21:52,933 --> 00:21:57,100 MINISTER TO ESPECIALLY THE WOMEN 547 00:21:53,700 --> 00:21:58,933 THAT CAME WITH THEIR CHILDREN. 548 00:21:57,100 --> 00:22:01,600 AKIKO VO: SHINMACHI KIDS LEAD 549 00:21:58,933 --> 00:22:03,800 BUSY LIVES, MOST WORKED IN THEIR 550 00:22:01,600 --> 00:22:05,533 PARENTS' BUSINESSES BEFORE 551 00:22:03,800 --> 00:22:08,400 MEETING THEIR FRIENDS TO WALK TO 552 00:22:05,533 --> 00:22:09,766 PUBLIC SCHOOL. EDUCATION WAS THE 553 00:22:08,400 --> 00:22:11,933 MOST IMPORTANT THING TO 554 00:22:09,766 --> 00:22:13,666 SHINMACHI PARENTS, SO AFTER 555 00:22:11,933 --> 00:22:15,633 ENGLISH SCHOOL, SHINMACHI KIDS 556 00:22:13,666 --> 00:22:17,533 WENT TO JAPANESE SCHOOL FOR 557 00:22:15,633 --> 00:22:18,400 LANGUAGE AND CULTURE CLASSES. 558 00:22:17,533 --> 00:22:20,566 AFTER THAT WAS ANY COMBINATION 559 00:22:18,400 --> 00:22:24,000 OF WORK, PLAY, OBLIGATIONS AND 560 00:22:20,566 --> 00:22:25,433 ADVENTURES. 561 00:22:24,000 --> 00:22:26,166 JUNE SHIGEMASA: WE WERE EXPECTED 562 00:22:25,433 --> 00:22:30,766 TO SIT AND PARTICIPATE IN THE 563 00:22:26,166 --> 00:22:33,366 SERVICE TWICE A DAY. 564 00:22:30,766 --> 00:22:37,233 DONALD IKEDA: EVERY CHURCH HAD 565 00:22:33,366 --> 00:22:39,333 JUDO. SOME OF THEM USED TO HAVE 566 00:22:37,233 --> 00:22:43,366 KARATE AND SOME WOULD HAVE 567 00:22:39,333 --> 00:22:44,966 KENDO, BUT DIFFERENT MARTIAL 568 00:22:43,366 --> 00:22:47,000 ARTS. SO WHEN WE WERE FIVE YEARS 569 00:22:44,966 --> 00:22:48,300 OLD, WE WOULD GO TO JUDO. WITH 570 00:22:47,000 --> 00:22:49,400 NO QUESTIONS ASKED -- YOU HAD TO 571 00:22:48,300 --> 00:22:51,266 GO. 572 00:22:49,400 --> 00:22:54,033 AKIKO VO: AND WHEN IT CAME TO 573 00:22:51,266 --> 00:22:54,800 MAKING THEIR OWN FUN, THE 574 00:22:54,033 --> 00:22:57,700 SHINMACHI KIDS WERE AS INVENTIVE 575 00:22:54,800 --> 00:22:59,633 AS THEIR PARENTS. 576 00:22:57,700 --> 00:23:00,666 DONALD IKEDA: WE NEVER BOUGHT 577 00:22:59,633 --> 00:23:01,733 ANYTHING. WE MADE EVERYTHING 578 00:23:00,666 --> 00:23:02,233 OURSELVES. BUT I THINK ABOUT IT 579 00:23:01,733 --> 00:23:08,666 NOW, I WOULDN'T LET MY 580 00:23:02,233 --> 00:23:11,633 GRANDCHILDREN PLAY WITH IT. 581 00:23:08,666 --> 00:23:14,466 RAMON GOYA: WE USED TO SET 582 00:23:11,633 --> 00:23:17,866 LITTLE OIL CANS SO THAT THE OOPU 583 00:23:14,466 --> 00:23:19,433 OR THE GOBI FISH WOULD SWIM IN 584 00:23:17,866 --> 00:23:21,833 AT NIGHT. AND THE NEXT DAY AND 585 00:23:19,433 --> 00:23:25,233 ALL THE BOYS WOULD DIVE AND THEN 586 00:23:21,833 --> 00:23:27,266 WE WOULD RETRIEVE THOSE CANS 587 00:23:25,233 --> 00:23:29,400 WITH THE FISH IN IT. AND, YOU 588 00:23:27,266 --> 00:23:32,033 KNOW, THE FILIPINO MEN REALLY 589 00:23:29,400 --> 00:23:36,266 LOVE TO EAT THAT OOPU. SO WE 590 00:23:32,033 --> 00:23:37,966 USED TO SELL THE FISH TO THEM 591 00:23:36,266 --> 00:23:40,600 AND THAT'S WHERE WE GOT OUR 592 00:23:37,966 --> 00:23:43,666 MONEY FOR CANDY, SHAVE ICE, BUT 593 00:23:40,600 --> 00:23:44,433 OUR FAVORITE WAS THE DRIED 594 00:23:43,666 --> 00:23:45,166 ABALONE. THAT'S THE ONE THAT WE 595 00:23:44,433 --> 00:23:47,433 ALWAYS WANTED TO BUY WITH THE 596 00:23:45,166 --> 00:23:49,400 MONEY. 597 00:23:47,433 --> 00:23:50,933 AKIKO VO: THERE WAS LOTS OF 598 00:23:49,400 --> 00:23:53,566 SWIMMING DOWN GATES IN THE 599 00:23:50,933 --> 00:23:55,866 WAILOA RIVER. SEVERAL SHINMACHI 600 00:23:53,566 --> 00:23:57,666 KIDS BECAME CHAMPION SWIMMERS 601 00:23:55,866 --> 00:23:59,133 DESPITE THE LESS THAN IDEAL 602 00:23:57,666 --> 00:24:01,333 CONDITIONS THAT LED THEM TO CALL 603 00:23:59,133 --> 00:24:02,866 IT KUKAI RIVER. 604 00:24:01,333 --> 00:24:04,100 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE: AT THAT 605 00:24:02,866 --> 00:24:08,100 TIME, THERE WAS NO SEWER SYSTEM 606 00:24:04,100 --> 00:24:10,033 SO EVERYTHING WAS GOING INTO THE 607 00:24:08,100 --> 00:24:10,833 RIVER, RIGHT? YEAH. AND THAT'S 608 00:24:10,033 --> 00:24:13,566 WHERE WE LEARN TO SWIM IN THAT 609 00:24:10,833 --> 00:24:15,100 RIVER. OH, YEAH. 610 00:24:13,566 --> 00:24:17,133 AKIKO VO: SHINMACHI ATHLETES 611 00:24:15,100 --> 00:24:20,566 ALSO COMPETED IN FOOTBALL, 612 00:24:17,133 --> 00:24:23,233 BASEBALL, TENNIS, BADMINTON, AND 613 00:24:20,566 --> 00:24:26,900 SUMO ALL ACROSS WHAT WAS AT THAT 614 00:24:23,233 --> 00:24:31,733 TIME THE TERRITORY OF HAWAII. 615 00:24:26,900 --> 00:24:33,700 ALTHOUGH THEIR WORK SCHEDULES 616 00:24:31,733 --> 00:24:35,200 WERE DEMANDING SHINMACHI 617 00:24:33,700 --> 00:24:37,166 RESIDENTS MADE TIME TO TRAIN, 618 00:24:35,200 --> 00:24:40,033 COMPETE, CHEER -- ANYTHING THEY 619 00:24:37,166 --> 00:24:42,166 COULD DO TO SUPPORT THE HOME 620 00:24:40,033 --> 00:24:45,500 TEAMS. TEAM SPIRIT, COMMUNITY 621 00:24:42,166 --> 00:24:47,800 CELEBRATIONS, AND THEIR DREAMS 622 00:24:45,500 --> 00:24:51,133 FOR THEIR CHILDREN STRENGTHENED 623 00:24:47,800 --> 00:24:52,900 SHINMACHI FAMILIES IN GOOD TIMES 624 00:24:51,133 --> 00:24:54,700 AND BAD. SHINMACHI'S TEMPLES, 625 00:24:52,900 --> 00:24:57,033 SHRINES AND CHURCHES WERE THE 626 00:24:54,700 --> 00:25:01,400 PILLARS OF THIS SUPPORT SYSTEM. 627 00:24:57,033 --> 00:25:02,566 DONALD IKEDA: MY MOTHER USED TO 628 00:25:01,400 --> 00:25:04,066 GO THERE AND MY FATHER. IN FACT, 629 00:25:02,566 --> 00:25:06,566 YOU KNOW THE BIG URN WHERE YOU 630 00:25:04,066 --> 00:25:08,500 OFFERED INCENSE, MY GRANDFATHER 631 00:25:06,566 --> 00:25:10,700 BROUGHT THAT BACK FROM JAPAN. TO 632 00:25:08,500 --> 00:25:12,233 US ALL THE CHURCHES WERE HOLY 633 00:25:10,700 --> 00:25:18,466 PLACES. IT'S A SAFE REFUGE. WE 634 00:25:12,233 --> 00:25:20,200 WERE BROUGHT UP LIKE THAT. 635 00:25:18,466 --> 00:25:22,300 AKIKO VO: AS TODAY, EVERY 636 00:25:20,200 --> 00:25:25,866 SUMMER, SHINMACHI FAMILIES 637 00:25:22,300 --> 00:25:27,500 CELEBRATED THE RETURN OF THEIR 638 00:25:25,866 --> 00:25:29,966 ANCESTORS FOR OBON. THEY FILLED 639 00:25:27,500 --> 00:25:32,700 THEIR HOME SHRINES WITH FRESH 640 00:25:29,966 --> 00:25:34,666 FLOWERS, INCENSE, AND FOOD. 641 00:25:32,700 --> 00:25:38,266 BUDDHIST TEMPLES HELD THEIR 642 00:25:34,666 --> 00:25:39,866 SPECIAL OBON SERVICES AND A BON 643 00:25:38,266 --> 00:25:43,033 DANCE TO ENTERTAIN AND HONOR 644 00:25:39,866 --> 00:25:44,000 THOSE WHO HAD PASSED AWAY. 645 00:25:43,033 --> 00:25:45,266 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE & JOAN 646 00:25:44,000 --> 00:25:46,533 GOODALL PUAKELA: AT THE TIME WE 647 00:25:45,266 --> 00:25:48,533 ALL HAD TO WEAR ONLY KIMONO. YOU 648 00:25:46,533 --> 00:25:49,833 HAD TO WEAR A KIMONO. YOU 649 00:25:48,533 --> 00:25:52,333 COULDN'T WEAR ANYTHING ELSE. YOU 650 00:25:49,833 --> 00:25:55,133 HAD TO WEAR ALL KIMONO. MY MOM 651 00:25:52,333 --> 00:25:57,233 WOULD HAVE HAD ME MADE ONE. 652 00:25:55,133 --> 00:25:58,233 YEAH. AND EVERY SUMMER WE PICKED 653 00:25:57,233 --> 00:26:03,866 IT OUT WE'D GO TO EVERY BON 654 00:25:58,233 --> 00:26:06,200 DANCE WITH THE SAME KIMONO. 655 00:26:03,866 --> 00:26:08,933 KENNETH KAMEOKA (VO): BUT THEY 656 00:26:06,200 --> 00:26:10,366 HAD THEIR BON DANCE AND THEY'D 657 00:26:08,933 --> 00:26:12,233 HAVE ALL KIND OF FOOD, YOU KNOW. 658 00:26:10,366 --> 00:26:12,900 DONALD IKEDA: YEAH. 659 00:26:12,233 --> 00:26:13,400 KENNETH KAMEOKA: THEY MUST SPEND 660 00:26:12,900 --> 00:26:14,500 A LOT OF MONEY. THEY HAD 661 00:26:13,400 --> 00:26:15,066 BARBECUE STICKS. 662 00:26:14,500 --> 00:26:17,500 DONALD IKEDA: NOT ANY MORE. 663 00:26:15,066 --> 00:26:18,966 EXPENSIVE -- TOO EXPENSIVE. 664 00:26:17,500 --> 00:26:23,366 KENNETH KAMEOKA: SHAVE ICE. 665 00:26:18,966 --> 00:26:23,366 THEY HAD MUSUBI. 666 00:26:25,900 --> 00:26:28,866 AKIKO VO: BON DANCES WERE ONE OF 667 00:26:27,566 --> 00:26:30,600 THE MANY WAYS THAT PEOPLE IN 668 00:26:28,866 --> 00:26:32,833 SHINMACHI RENEWED THEIR STRONG 669 00:26:30,600 --> 00:26:34,833 CONNECTIONS WITH ONE ANOTHER, 670 00:26:32,833 --> 00:26:39,066 BUT FOR SOME IN SHINMACHI, THE 671 00:26:34,833 --> 00:26:40,533 JAPANESE CULTURE PUT THEM ON THE 672 00:26:39,066 --> 00:26:43,300 MARGINS. EVERYDAY INTERACTIONS 673 00:26:40,533 --> 00:26:45,033 BETWEEN SHINMACHI'S JAPANESE 674 00:26:43,300 --> 00:26:47,433 MAJORITY AND THEIR CHINESE, 675 00:26:45,033 --> 00:26:48,933 FILIPINO, PORTUGUESE AND 676 00:26:47,433 --> 00:26:51,066 CAUCASIAN NEIGHBORS WERE 677 00:26:48,933 --> 00:26:52,566 FRIENDLY. YET INTERMARRIAGE WAS 678 00:26:51,066 --> 00:26:55,100 UNCOMMON AND INTERRACIAL 679 00:26:52,566 --> 00:26:57,100 FAMILIES WERE HELD AT A 680 00:26:55,100 --> 00:26:59,566 DISTANCE. JOAN GOODALL'S MOTHER 681 00:26:57,100 --> 00:27:02,466 WAS JAPANESE AND HER FATHER, A 682 00:26:59,566 --> 00:27:03,766 PHARMACEUTICAL DISTRIBUTOR, WAS 683 00:27:02,466 --> 00:27:05,000 FROM ENGLAND. HER MOTHER MOVED 684 00:27:03,766 --> 00:27:08,033 JOAN AND HER BROTHER FREDERICK 685 00:27:05,000 --> 00:27:10,233 TO SHINMACHI AFTER THE GOODALL'S 686 00:27:08,033 --> 00:27:12,500 DIVORCED IN HONOLULU. 687 00:27:10,233 --> 00:27:14,566 JOAN GOODALL PUAKELA: I GREW UP 688 00:27:12,500 --> 00:27:17,566 HALF, HALF HAOLE, HALF JAPANESE. 689 00:27:14,566 --> 00:27:22,733 AND I COULD FEEL THE DIFFERENCE 690 00:27:17,566 --> 00:27:24,733 IN THE OLDER GENERATION. THERE 691 00:27:22,733 --> 00:27:28,200 WAS AN AWKWARD FEELING, AND I 692 00:27:24,733 --> 00:27:29,133 DIDN'T LIKE IT. 693 00:27:28,200 --> 00:27:31,166 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE: AND YOU 694 00:27:29,133 --> 00:27:32,466 DIDN'T KNOW WHY, TOO. 695 00:27:31,166 --> 00:27:34,266 JOAN GOODALL PUAKELA: WELL, 696 00:27:32,466 --> 00:27:36,166 THOSE DAYS I DIDN'T KNOW. BUT AS 697 00:27:34,266 --> 00:27:38,233 I GREW OLDER, I KIND OF KNEW AND 698 00:27:36,166 --> 00:27:41,400 I KIND OF UNDERSTOOD THE 699 00:27:38,233 --> 00:27:45,366 LANGUAGE, YOU KNOW, SO I WOULD 700 00:27:41,400 --> 00:27:46,833 KNOW WHAT THEY'RE TALKING ABOUT. 701 00:27:45,366 --> 00:27:48,166 ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE: THIS 702 00:27:46,833 --> 00:27:50,466 GRADUATING CLASS OF YOUNG 703 00:27:48,166 --> 00:27:51,466 AMERICAN EAGLES ARE NOW READY TO 704 00:27:50,466 --> 00:27:52,966 MAN THE FIGHTING SHIPS OF THE 705 00:27:51,466 --> 00:27:55,300 ARMY AND NAVY AIR CORPS· 706 00:27:52,966 --> 00:27:57,433 AKIKO VO: AND AS THE WAR IN THE 707 00:27:55,300 --> 00:27:59,566 PACIFIC DREW CLOSER TO HAWAII, 708 00:27:57,433 --> 00:28:01,733 MORE AND MORE PEOPLE IN 709 00:27:59,566 --> 00:28:04,000 SHINMACHI WOULD EXPERIENCE WHAT 710 00:28:01,733 --> 00:28:06,066 IT MEANT TO BE AN OUTSIDER IN AN 711 00:28:04,000 --> 00:28:08,666 AMERICAN TERRITORY. BUT FOR AS 712 00:28:06,066 --> 00:28:10,400 LONG AS THE UNITED STATES 713 00:28:08,666 --> 00:28:12,700 REMAINED AT PEACE, THE COMMUNITY 714 00:28:10,400 --> 00:28:14,266 OF SHINMACHI CONTINUED TO WORK 715 00:28:12,700 --> 00:28:15,900 EVERY DAY TOWARDS A FUTURE WITH 716 00:28:14,266 --> 00:28:22,900 ABUNDANT OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE 717 00:28:15,900 --> 00:28:24,000 GENERATIONS TO COME. 718 00:28:22,900 --> 00:28:25,833 KGU RADIO BROADCAST: HELLO, NBC. 719 00:28:24,000 --> 00:28:28,566 HELLO, NBC. THIS IS KGU IN 720 00:28:25,833 --> 00:28:31,800 HONOLULU, HAWAII. I AM SPEAKING 721 00:28:28,566 --> 00:28:33,933 FROM THE ROOF OF THE ADVERTISING 722 00:28:31,800 --> 00:28:37,533 PUBLISHING COMPANY BUILDING. WE 723 00:28:33,933 --> 00:28:39,400 HAVE WITNESSED THIS MORNING THE 724 00:28:37,533 --> 00:28:43,000 DISTANT VIEW, A BRIEF BOMBING OF 725 00:28:39,400 --> 00:28:46,800 PEARL HARBOR BY ENEMY PLANES, 726 00:28:43,000 --> 00:28:50,100 UNDOUBTEDLY JAPANESE. ONE OF THE 727 00:28:46,800 --> 00:28:52,600 BOMBS DROPPED WITHIN FIFTY FEET 728 00:28:50,100 --> 00:29:00,366 OF KGU TOWER. IT IS NO JOKE. IT 729 00:28:52,600 --> 00:29:00,933 IS A REAL WAR. 730 00:29:00,366 --> 00:29:01,966 AKIKO VO: THESE FIRST WORDS 731 00:29:00,933 --> 00:29:03,366 DESCRIBING JAPAN'S ATTACK ON 732 00:29:01,966 --> 00:29:04,833 PEARL HARBOR CHANGED LIFE FOR 733 00:29:03,366 --> 00:29:06,300 EVERYONE IN THE HAWAIIAN 734 00:29:04,833 --> 00:29:08,066 ISLANDS. WITHIN HOURS OF THE 735 00:29:06,300 --> 00:29:09,633 UNITED STATES' FORMAL 736 00:29:08,066 --> 00:29:12,066 DECLARATION OF WAR, HAWAII 737 00:29:09,633 --> 00:29:13,366 GOVERNOR JOHN POINDEXTER 738 00:29:12,066 --> 00:29:16,066 DECLARED MARTIAL LAW, PLACING 739 00:29:13,366 --> 00:29:18,133 HAWAII UNDER MILITARY CONTROL. 740 00:29:16,066 --> 00:29:20,566 AKIKO VO: FOR NEARLY THREE 741 00:29:18,133 --> 00:29:23,633 YEARS, THE ARMY AND NAVY SEIZED 742 00:29:20,566 --> 00:29:26,000 CONTROL OF HILO BAY. SHINMACHI'S 743 00:29:23,633 --> 00:29:27,800 CHILDREN REMEMBER IT THIS WAY: 744 00:29:26,000 --> 00:29:29,700 KENNETH KAMEOKA: DURING THE WAR, 745 00:29:27,800 --> 00:29:32,000 WE COULDN'T GO ACROSS THE STREET 746 00:29:29,700 --> 00:29:32,900 BECAUSE OF BARBED WIRES. 747 00:29:32,000 --> 00:29:33,566 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE: ALL I 748 00:29:32,900 --> 00:29:35,366 REMEMBER WAS BLACKOUT BECAUSE WE 749 00:29:33,566 --> 00:29:36,800 USED TO LIVE FRONT STREET. 750 00:29:35,366 --> 00:29:38,766 JOAN GOODALL PUAKELA: THE GUY 751 00:29:36,800 --> 00:29:40,366 WOULD, THE SOLDIER WOULD KNOCK 752 00:29:38,766 --> 00:29:41,600 ON THE DOOR AND SAY THEY GOT 753 00:29:40,366 --> 00:29:43,666 LIGHT COMING THROUGH, GOT A 754 00:29:41,600 --> 00:29:44,500 PUKA, YOU GOT TO GO COVER IT. 755 00:29:43,666 --> 00:29:45,500 ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE: DECEMBER THE 756 00:29:44,500 --> 00:29:46,400 7TH: STILL MORE DIFFICULT TO 757 00:29:45,500 --> 00:29:47,833 EXPLAIN THE NEED FOR THESE 758 00:29:46,400 --> 00:29:49,033 MONSTROUS LOOKING THINGS. 759 00:29:47,833 --> 00:29:50,766 KENNETH KAMEOKA: I WAS PROBABLY 760 00:29:49,033 --> 00:29:53,366 IN ABOUT THE THIRD GRADE WHEN 761 00:29:50,766 --> 00:29:55,733 THEY ISSUED EACH ONE OF US A GAS 762 00:29:53,366 --> 00:29:58,400 MASK. SO WE JUST STRUNG IT OVER 763 00:29:55,733 --> 00:30:01,133 OUR SHOULDERS WHEN WE WENT TO 764 00:29:58,400 --> 00:30:02,966 SCHOOL CARRYING A BOOK BAG, PLUS 765 00:30:01,133 --> 00:30:04,766 THE CASE WITH A GAS MASK. 766 00:30:02,966 --> 00:30:07,266 AKIKO VO: OCCASIONALLY, 767 00:30:04,766 --> 00:30:09,033 SOLDIERS CAME TO SCHOOL TO HOLD 768 00:30:07,266 --> 00:30:11,166 GAS MASK DRILLS. WHEN THE 769 00:30:09,033 --> 00:30:13,000 SCHOOLCHILDREN RECEIVE THE 770 00:30:11,166 --> 00:30:15,233 SIGNAL, THEY WERE TO PUT THEIR 771 00:30:13,000 --> 00:30:17,600 MASKS ON QUICKLY AND RUN INTO A 772 00:30:15,233 --> 00:30:20,000 TENT FILLED WITH TEAR GAS. THE 773 00:30:17,600 --> 00:30:22,000 FACT THAT THEY WERE LOOSE, 774 00:30:20,000 --> 00:30:25,433 ADULT-SIZED GAS MASKS CREATED A 775 00:30:22,000 --> 00:30:26,566 PROBLEM. 776 00:30:25,433 --> 00:30:27,966 KENNETH KAMEOKA: AS SOON AS WE 777 00:30:26,566 --> 00:30:31,233 WALKED IN THERE WE COULD FEEL 778 00:30:27,966 --> 00:30:31,833 THE EYES BURNING, YOU KNOW, THE 779 00:30:31,233 --> 00:30:35,066 NECK, THE SKIN BURNING. SO WE 780 00:30:31,833 --> 00:30:36,000 JUST WENT RIGHT OUT. EVERYBODY 781 00:30:35,066 --> 00:30:38,000 CAME OUT CRYING BECAUSE ALL THE 782 00:30:36,000 --> 00:30:38,200 GAS MASKS WAS TOO BIG, TOO 783 00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:39,200 LARGE. 784 00:30:38,200 --> 00:30:42,733 ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE: DECEMBER THE 785 00:30:39,200 --> 00:30:43,333 7TH: JUST VIRTUALLY OVERNIGHT, 786 00:30:42,733 --> 00:30:43,933 THE ISLAND SCENE CHANGED. WAR 787 00:30:43,333 --> 00:30:46,333 HAD COME TO AMERICA'S TROPICAL 788 00:30:43,933 --> 00:30:49,333 SUBURB. 789 00:30:46,333 --> 00:30:50,600 AKIKO VO: THE NEW MILITARY ORDER 790 00:30:49,333 --> 00:30:52,433 ALTERED THE FLOW OF LIFE FOR 791 00:30:50,600 --> 00:30:55,533 EVERYONE IN HAWAII, ESPECIALLY 792 00:30:52,433 --> 00:30:56,600 THOSE OF JAPANESE ANCESTRY WHO 793 00:30:55,533 --> 00:30:58,500 CAME UNDER HEIGHTENED SCRUTINY 794 00:30:56,600 --> 00:30:59,900 AFTER THE EMPIRE OF JAPAN 795 00:30:58,500 --> 00:31:03,400 ATTACKED PEARL HARBOR. IN THE 796 00:30:59,900 --> 00:31:05,666 PROPAGANDA FILM DECEMBER THE 797 00:31:03,400 --> 00:31:07,700 7TH, THE "VOICE OF REASON" WARNS 798 00:31:05,666 --> 00:31:08,533 UNCLE SAM THAT THE JAPANESE IN 799 00:31:07,700 --> 00:31:10,533 HAWAII COULD NOT BE FULLY 800 00:31:08,533 --> 00:31:12,533 TRUSTED. 801 00:31:10,533 --> 00:31:13,266 ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE: DECEMBER THE 802 00:31:12,533 --> 00:31:14,666 7TH THEY EXPRESSED THEIR LOYALTY 803 00:31:13,266 --> 00:31:16,333 AND NO DOUBT, WILL THEY SEND 804 00:31:14,666 --> 00:31:17,800 THEIR CHILDREN TO AMERICAN 805 00:31:16,333 --> 00:31:18,933 PUBLIC SCHOOLS WHERE THEY PLEDGE 806 00:31:17,800 --> 00:31:21,000 ALLEGIANCE TO THE FLAG AND SING 807 00:31:18,933 --> 00:31:23,133 PATRIOTIC AMERICAN SONGS. BUT 808 00:31:21,000 --> 00:31:24,066 THEY ALSO SEND THEM TO THEIR OWN 809 00:31:23,133 --> 00:31:25,466 LANGUAGE SCHOOL, WHERE THEY ARE 810 00:31:24,066 --> 00:31:27,066 TAUGHT JAPANESE LOYALTIES, 811 00:31:25,466 --> 00:31:28,966 CULTURE, AND MORALS. 812 00:31:27,066 --> 00:31:31,166 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE: I REMEMBER 813 00:31:28,966 --> 00:31:32,966 WE HAD SOME JAPANESE KIMONO AND 814 00:31:31,166 --> 00:31:34,300 SWORDS AND STUFF LIKE THAT. 815 00:31:32,966 --> 00:31:36,300 YEAH, I THINK MY FATHER FOLKS 816 00:31:34,300 --> 00:31:37,900 THEY BURNT IT ALL. 817 00:31:36,300 --> 00:31:40,233 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE: THAT'S WHY 818 00:31:37,900 --> 00:31:42,200 WE DIDN'T HAVE ANYTHING FROM 819 00:31:40,233 --> 00:31:44,366 JAPAN THAT THEY HAD. 820 00:31:42,200 --> 00:31:46,600 AKIKO VO: IN 1942, THE HILO 821 00:31:44,366 --> 00:31:48,533 JUNIOR CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 822 00:31:46,600 --> 00:31:50,866 PETITIONED THE HAWAII COUNTY 823 00:31:48,533 --> 00:31:53,633 BOARD OF SUPERVISORS TO CHANGE 824 00:31:50,866 --> 00:31:56,466 THE NAME OF SHINMACHI TO 825 00:31:53,633 --> 00:32:00,733 HANAKAHI, THE HAWAIIAN WORD FOR 826 00:31:56,466 --> 00:32:03,033 "PLACE OF WORK." THE JUNIOR 827 00:32:00,733 --> 00:32:04,633 CHAMBER OF COMMERCE SAID IT WAS 828 00:32:03,033 --> 00:32:07,366 "UNFITTING FOR ANY PART OF HILO 829 00:32:04,633 --> 00:32:09,200 TO HAVE A NAME DIRECTLY 830 00:32:07,366 --> 00:32:14,066 ASSOCIATED WITH A NATION WITH 831 00:32:09,200 --> 00:32:14,700 WHICH WE ARE AT WAR." 832 00:32:14,066 --> 00:32:16,400 AKIKO VO: THE COUNCIL DISMISSED 833 00:32:14,700 --> 00:32:19,200 THE PETITION, BUT THE 834 00:32:16,400 --> 00:32:22,133 CONTROVERSY REFLECTED THE 835 00:32:19,200 --> 00:32:24,400 REALITY. THAT SOME HILO PEOPLE 836 00:32:22,133 --> 00:32:26,933 SAW SHINMACHI AS A HAVEN FOR THE 837 00:32:24,400 --> 00:32:29,666 ENEMY, WHILE OTHERS WERE READY 838 00:32:26,933 --> 00:32:32,733 TO STAND UP FOR THEIR NEIGHBORS. 839 00:32:29,666 --> 00:32:35,100 THE JAPANESE IN HAWAII WERE NOT 840 00:32:32,733 --> 00:32:36,633 SUBJECT TO THE MASS REMOVAL AND 841 00:32:35,100 --> 00:32:39,066 INCARCERATION THAT WAS CARRIED 842 00:32:36,633 --> 00:32:42,033 OUT ON THE WEST COAST OF THE 843 00:32:39,066 --> 00:32:44,166 MAINLAND. BUT THE FBI MAINTAINED 844 00:32:42,033 --> 00:32:45,600 A LIST OF JAPANESE INDIVIDUALS 845 00:32:44,166 --> 00:32:48,466 TO BE ARRESTED IN THE EVENT OF 846 00:32:45,600 --> 00:32:51,233 WAR THAT INCLUDED SOME IN 847 00:32:48,466 --> 00:32:53,800 SHINMACHI. THE ARRESTS WERE NOT 848 00:32:51,233 --> 00:32:56,000 MADE FOR ANYTHING THAT THEY HAD 849 00:32:53,800 --> 00:32:59,266 DONE, BUT FOR WHAT THE U.S. 850 00:32:56,000 --> 00:33:00,600 GOVERNMENT WANTED THE PUBLIC TO 851 00:32:59,266 --> 00:33:03,233 BELIEVE THEY MIGHT DO. THESE 852 00:33:00,600 --> 00:33:05,066 ARRESTS WERE ORDERED BY 853 00:33:03,233 --> 00:33:08,266 PRESIDENT FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. 854 00:33:05,066 --> 00:33:10,433 ONLY SIX YEARS HAD PASSED SINCE 855 00:33:08,266 --> 00:33:12,700 THE JAPANESE COMMUNITY WELCOMED 856 00:33:10,433 --> 00:33:14,966 HIM TO HILO AS "THE APOSTLE OF 857 00:33:12,700 --> 00:33:17,266 NEW DEMOCRACY." 858 00:33:14,966 --> 00:33:19,266 AKIKO VO: BUDDHIST AND SHINTO 859 00:33:17,266 --> 00:33:21,066 PRIESTS WERE PRESENTED AS 860 00:33:19,266 --> 00:33:24,500 SHADOWY FIGURES WHOSE MISSION IN 861 00:33:21,066 --> 00:33:25,233 HAWAII WAS TO FOSTER LOYALTY TO 862 00:33:24,500 --> 00:33:26,233 JAPAN,. 863 00:33:25,233 --> 00:33:28,400 ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE: DECEMBER THE 864 00:33:26,233 --> 00:33:30,866 7TH SHINTOISM EMBRACES MANY 865 00:33:28,400 --> 00:33:33,133 DOCTRINES. IT PREACHES HONOR OF 866 00:33:30,866 --> 00:33:35,800 THE ANCESTORS, THEREBY KEEPING 867 00:33:33,133 --> 00:33:38,700 ALIVE THE FIRES OF NATIONALISM 868 00:33:35,800 --> 00:33:40,833 AND PRESERVING A RACIAL AND 869 00:33:38,700 --> 00:33:42,433 SOCIAL BOND. WITH THE UNBROKEN 870 00:33:40,833 --> 00:33:44,000 AND DIVINELY DESCENDED IMPERIAL 871 00:33:42,433 --> 00:33:46,333 DYNASTY. 872 00:33:44,000 --> 00:33:48,533 AKIKO VO: ACROSS THE ISLANDS, 873 00:33:46,333 --> 00:33:50,200 JAPANESE SCHOOLS WERE SHUT DOWN 874 00:33:48,533 --> 00:33:52,566 AND TEMPLES AND SHRINES 875 00:33:50,200 --> 00:33:54,900 CONFISCATED FOR MILITARY 876 00:33:52,566 --> 00:33:57,000 PURPOSES. BECAUSE HE WAS A 877 00:33:54,900 --> 00:33:59,766 MINISTER, CAN KINZAEMON ODACHI 878 00:33:57,000 --> 00:34:02,766 WAS ARRESTED AND HELD AT KMC, 879 00:33:59,766 --> 00:34:05,033 KILAUEA MILITARY CAMP OUTSIDE OF 880 00:34:02,766 --> 00:34:08,166 HILO, BEFORE BEING TRANSFERRED 881 00:34:05,033 --> 00:34:09,966 TO A DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 882 00:34:08,166 --> 00:34:13,433 INTERNMENT CAMP IN LORDSBURG, 883 00:34:09,966 --> 00:34:15,333 NEW MEXICO. 884 00:34:13,433 --> 00:34:17,566 AKIKO VO: THIS LEFT HIS WIFE, 885 00:34:15,333 --> 00:34:19,066 KAMEKI, WITH THE CHURCH AND FOUR 886 00:34:17,566 --> 00:34:20,633 CHILDREN TO CARE FOR ALONE. WHEN 887 00:34:19,066 --> 00:34:22,066 ASKED IF SHE WANTED TO BE 888 00:34:20,633 --> 00:34:24,033 REUNITED WITH HER HUSBAND, 889 00:34:22,066 --> 00:34:25,700 KAMEKI, LIKE MANY WIVES OF THE 890 00:34:24,033 --> 00:34:27,200 INCARCERATED, JUMPED AT THE 891 00:34:25,700 --> 00:34:29,933 CHANCE. 892 00:34:27,200 --> 00:34:31,033 JUNE SHIGEMASA: TWO VERY LARGE 893 00:34:29,933 --> 00:34:32,933 CAUCASIAN MEN. I REMEMBER 894 00:34:31,033 --> 00:34:35,833 LOOKING UP AT THEM BECAUSE THEY 895 00:34:32,933 --> 00:34:38,000 WERE SO TALL AND THEY CAME TO 896 00:34:35,833 --> 00:34:39,133 ASK MY MOTHER THROUGH THE 897 00:34:38,000 --> 00:34:40,766 INTERPRETATION OF ELDEST SISTER 898 00:34:39,133 --> 00:34:42,766 BECAUSE THEY DIDN'T UNDERSTAND 899 00:34:40,766 --> 00:34:46,600 ENGLISH, AND THE QUESTION WAS, 900 00:34:42,766 --> 00:34:49,800 "WOULD YOU LIKE TO BE WITH YOUR 901 00:34:46,600 --> 00:34:51,300 HUSBAND?" AND MANY OF THEM SAID, 902 00:34:49,800 --> 00:34:54,500 "OF COURSE, YES." AND THAT'S HOW 903 00:34:51,300 --> 00:34:56,333 IT STARTED, THAT WE HAD TO PACK 904 00:34:54,500 --> 00:34:58,766 OUR THINGS. AND I REMEMBER GOING 905 00:34:56,333 --> 00:35:01,400 IN A BIG ARMY TRUCK OVER WAILOA 906 00:34:58,766 --> 00:35:02,633 BRIDGE AND GOING TO THE WHARF. 907 00:35:01,400 --> 00:35:05,133 AKIKO VO: THE ARMY PUT THE 908 00:35:02,633 --> 00:35:07,400 ODACHIS ON A SHIP TO SAN 909 00:35:05,133 --> 00:35:10,933 FRANCISCO. JUNE WAS SEASICK THE 910 00:35:07,400 --> 00:35:12,400 ENTIRE CROSSING. 911 00:35:10,933 --> 00:35:14,033 AKIKO VO: IT TURNED OUT THAT 912 00:35:12,400 --> 00:35:16,866 THEIR MAINLAND DESTINATION WOULD 913 00:35:14,033 --> 00:35:19,700 NOT BE NEW MEXICO, BUT A FAMILY 914 00:35:16,866 --> 00:35:22,566 INCARCERATION CAMP IN JÉROME, 915 00:35:19,700 --> 00:35:24,866 ARKANSAS. IN ADDITION TO RAISING 916 00:35:22,566 --> 00:35:26,833 HER CHILDREN IN A STRANGE PLACE 917 00:35:24,866 --> 00:35:28,733 AMONG PEOPLE SHE DID NOT KNOW, 918 00:35:26,833 --> 00:35:32,633 KAMEKI HAD RECEIVED WORD THAT 919 00:35:28,733 --> 00:35:34,566 HER HUSBAND WAS GRAVELY ILL. 920 00:35:32,633 --> 00:35:36,533 JUNE SHIGEMASA: WHILE MOTHER 921 00:35:34,566 --> 00:35:38,233 WENT OUT TO WORK IN THE PX, I 922 00:35:36,533 --> 00:35:42,166 MEAN, DOING KP DUTY, THE OLDER 923 00:35:38,233 --> 00:35:45,033 CHILDREN HAD TO LOOK AFTER THE 924 00:35:42,166 --> 00:35:54,866 YOUNG ONES. AND WE COULD TELL 925 00:35:45,033 --> 00:35:54,866 HOW DISTRAUGHT AND HOW BURDENED 926 00:35:56,366 --> 00:36:03,800 MY MOTHER WAS FEELING AT THAT 927 00:35:57,566 --> 00:36:03,800 TIME. 928 00:36:04,333 --> 00:36:08,000 AKIKO VO: AFTER NUMEROUS APPEALS 929 00:36:05,466 --> 00:36:09,733 TO THE WAR RELOCATION AUTHORITY, 930 00:36:08,000 --> 00:36:11,933 THE ODACHIS RECEIVED WORD THAT 931 00:36:09,733 --> 00:36:14,133 THEY WERE TO BE REUNITED AS A 932 00:36:11,933 --> 00:36:16,466 FAMILY IN THE SAME CAMP BUT 933 00:36:14,133 --> 00:36:20,200 DRIVEN ODACHI PASSED AWAY AT 934 00:36:16,466 --> 00:36:22,466 LORDSBURG BEFORE THE TRANSFER 935 00:36:20,200 --> 00:36:24,733 TOOK PLACE. HIS DAUGHTER, 936 00:36:22,466 --> 00:36:28,200 MASAKO, HAS NO ANGER OR 937 00:36:24,733 --> 00:36:30,500 BITTERNESS WHEN SHE TALKS ABOUT 938 00:36:28,200 --> 00:36:31,800 THE CAMPS, BUT STILL FEELS 939 00:36:30,500 --> 00:36:34,533 DEEPLY ABOUT THE LOSS OF HER 940 00:36:31,800 --> 00:36:36,100 FATHER. 941 00:36:34,533 --> 00:36:38,066 MASAKO ODACHI: I WAS NOT BITTER 942 00:36:36,100 --> 00:36:41,033 ABOUT WHAT WE WENT THROUGH, BUT 943 00:36:38,066 --> 00:36:44,500 I DO FEEL SORRY FOR MY MOTHER 944 00:36:41,033 --> 00:36:45,900 BECAUSE HER HUSBAND, YOU KNOW, 945 00:36:44,500 --> 00:36:51,933 WHO SHE REALLY LOVED WAS NEVER 946 00:36:45,900 --> 00:36:51,933 TO COME BACK TO US. 947 00:36:54,933 --> 00:36:57,333 AKIKO VO: BACK IN HILO, CHILDREN 948 00:36:55,500 --> 00:36:58,800 HAD A VARIETY OF ENCOUNTERS WITH 949 00:36:57,333 --> 00:37:00,433 THE STRANGERS WHO LANDED IN 950 00:36:58,800 --> 00:37:01,733 THEIR CITY. 951 00:37:00,433 --> 00:37:03,366 KENNETH KAMEOKA: WELL, WE SAW A 952 00:37:01,733 --> 00:37:05,633 LOT OF MILITARY TRUCKS, MILITARY 953 00:37:03,366 --> 00:37:08,666 PEOPLE GOING UP AND DOWN THE 954 00:37:05,633 --> 00:37:12,400 STREET, AND WE ALWAYS SEE THEM. 955 00:37:08,666 --> 00:37:13,666 WE ALWAYS GIVE THEM THE V FOR 956 00:37:12,400 --> 00:37:14,933 VICTORY SIGN. EVERYBODY DID THAT 957 00:37:13,666 --> 00:37:16,466 WHEN YOU SAW START MILITARY 958 00:37:14,933 --> 00:37:17,933 TRUCKS COMING IN. 959 00:37:16,466 --> 00:37:19,233 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE & JOAN 960 00:37:17,933 --> 00:37:20,266 GOODALL PUAKELA: I REMEMBER THE 961 00:37:19,233 --> 00:37:22,166 SOLDIERS COMING FROM THE FROM 962 00:37:20,266 --> 00:37:23,800 THE SAND BEACH. RIGHT. I 963 00:37:22,166 --> 00:37:25,633 REMEMBER THAT THEY HAD SPAM AND 964 00:37:23,800 --> 00:37:27,633 VIENNA SAUSAGE. 965 00:37:25,633 --> 00:37:29,800 AKIKO VO: THE FONDNESS BETWEEN 966 00:37:27,633 --> 00:37:31,900 THE SOLDIERS AND THE CHILDREN OF 967 00:37:29,800 --> 00:37:33,866 SHINMACHI WAS HEARTFELT, BUT 968 00:37:31,900 --> 00:37:35,166 TINGED BY THE FACT THAT THEY 969 00:37:33,866 --> 00:37:36,800 WERE CHILDREN OF THE SO-CALLED 970 00:37:35,166 --> 00:37:39,966 "ENEMY RACE." 971 00:37:36,800 --> 00:37:43,733 YOSHINOBU TERADA: PRETTY NICE TO 972 00:37:39,966 --> 00:37:48,466 TO US AS KIDS. THEY LET US ROAM 973 00:37:43,733 --> 00:37:52,300 AROUND THE CANNONS, THE MACHINE 974 00:37:48,466 --> 00:37:55,800 GUNS AND SO ON. BUT THEY ALWAYS 975 00:37:52,300 --> 00:37:56,933 TOLD US THAT IF THEY'RE HAVING 976 00:37:55,800 --> 00:37:57,866 AN INSPECTION COMING, THAT WE'D 977 00:37:56,933 --> 00:38:00,433 BETTER LOSE OURSELVES FOR THE 978 00:37:57,866 --> 00:38:02,500 DAY. 979 00:38:00,433 --> 00:38:04,666 AKIKO VO: JOAN GOODALL, WHOSE 980 00:38:02,500 --> 00:38:08,600 MOTHER WAS JAPANESE AND FATHER 981 00:38:04,666 --> 00:38:09,666 ENGLISH, SOMETIMES DREW UNWANTED 982 00:38:08,600 --> 00:38:12,200 ATTENTION FROM SOLDIERS WHO MISS 983 00:38:09,666 --> 00:38:13,566 THEIR OWN DAUGHTERS. 984 00:38:12,200 --> 00:38:15,666 JOAN GOODALL PUAKELA: YOU KNOW 985 00:38:13,566 --> 00:38:18,166 WHAT THE GUYS WOULD GRAB ME AND 986 00:38:15,666 --> 00:38:20,533 THEY WOULD SAY, YOU KNOW, THIS 987 00:38:18,166 --> 00:38:24,433 LOOKS TO ME LIKE MY CHILD, YOU 988 00:38:20,533 --> 00:38:25,833 KNOW, BECAUSE HALF, EH, THEY'RE 989 00:38:24,433 --> 00:38:27,033 ALL HAOLES. AND I REMEMBER THAT 990 00:38:25,833 --> 00:38:29,733 I USED TO BE SO SCARED BECAUSE 991 00:38:27,033 --> 00:38:32,166 THEY WOULD HUG, EH. 992 00:38:29,733 --> 00:38:33,600 AKIKO VO: FOR MANY IN SHINMACHI, 993 00:38:32,166 --> 00:38:36,100 THE INFLUX OF MILITARY PERSONNEL 994 00:38:33,600 --> 00:38:38,333 WAS ALSO AN INFLUX OF NEW 995 00:38:36,100 --> 00:38:40,000 CUSTOMERS FOR THEIR GOODS AND 996 00:38:38,333 --> 00:38:43,066 SERVICES. THE KIDS EVEN GOT IN 997 00:38:40,000 --> 00:38:46,133 ON THE ACTION. 998 00:38:43,066 --> 00:38:48,833 YOSHINOBU TERADA: SO I RECALL 999 00:38:46,133 --> 00:38:51,333 THIS ONE TIME WHEN I THINK WAS 1000 00:38:48,833 --> 00:38:52,966 AN ENSIGN OR WHATEVER IN THE 1001 00:38:51,333 --> 00:38:56,500 NAVY AND THEY SAID, "I'LL GIVE 1002 00:38:52,966 --> 00:38:58,800 YOU FIVE BUCKS IF YOU GO DOWN 1003 00:38:56,500 --> 00:39:01,466 AND GET MY UNIFORM." SO I SAID, 1004 00:38:58,800 --> 00:39:03,566 SURE. SO I RAN DOWN, GOT THE 1005 00:39:01,466 --> 00:39:07,733 UNIFORM AND THAT WAS THE BIGGEST 1006 00:39:03,566 --> 00:39:09,400 PAYDAY FOR ME, FIVE DOLLARS! 1007 00:39:07,733 --> 00:39:11,633 AKIKO VO: THE WAR EXPANDED 1008 00:39:09,400 --> 00:39:14,633 WOMEN'S WORK INTO AREAS OUTSIDE 1009 00:39:11,633 --> 00:39:17,033 OF THEIR HOMES AND BUSINESSES. 1010 00:39:14,633 --> 00:39:18,933 THE LOSS OF BUDDHIST CLERGY TO 1011 00:39:17,033 --> 00:39:21,166 INCARCERATION AND THE ARRIVAL OF 1012 00:39:18,933 --> 00:39:23,800 SOLDIERS FROM THE MAINLAND 1013 00:39:21,166 --> 00:39:26,166 PLACED MULTIPLE BURDENS ON 1014 00:39:23,800 --> 00:39:28,833 SADAKO HARA'S MOTHER, KIYONO. 1015 00:39:26,166 --> 00:39:31,300 HER HUSBAND, REVEREND TETSUO 1016 00:39:28,833 --> 00:39:36,000 HARA, HAD BEEN THE MINISTER AT 1017 00:39:31,300 --> 00:39:38,466 HILO MEISHOIN PRIOR TO HIS DEATH 1018 00:39:36,000 --> 00:39:40,366 IN 1940. WHEN THE PRIESTS WERE 1019 00:39:38,466 --> 00:39:42,966 INCARCERATED, MRS. HARA WAS ONE 1020 00:39:40,366 --> 00:39:46,766 OF THE FEW PEOPLE WHO KNEW THE 1021 00:39:42,966 --> 00:39:48,400 CORRECT SUTRAS FOR FUNERAL 1022 00:39:46,766 --> 00:39:50,566 RITES. SHE WENT ON CALLS WITH 1023 00:39:48,400 --> 00:39:53,733 MR. DODO, THE FUNERAL DIRECTOR, 1024 00:39:50,566 --> 00:39:56,066 WHENEVER SHE WAS NEEDED. 1025 00:39:53,733 --> 00:39:57,833 AKIKO VO: HER SPIRITUAL LABORS 1026 00:39:56,066 --> 00:40:00,700 SUSTAIN THE COMMUNITY, BUT THEY 1027 00:39:57,833 --> 00:40:02,933 DID NOT BRING A WAGE TO FEED HER 1028 00:40:00,700 --> 00:40:04,666 FAMILY. FOR THAT, MRS. HARA, 1029 00:40:02,933 --> 00:40:07,133 LIKE MANY WOMEN IN SHINMACHI, 1030 00:40:04,666 --> 00:40:08,700 TOOK IN LAUNDRY FROM THE 1031 00:40:07,133 --> 00:40:11,766 MILITARY PERSONNEL. IT WAS NOT 1032 00:40:08,700 --> 00:40:14,066 EASY WORK. 1033 00:40:11,766 --> 00:40:16,433 SADAKO HARA IWASAKI: OH, THEY 1034 00:40:14,066 --> 00:40:20,233 WERE SO LARGE AND SHE WOULD 1035 00:40:16,433 --> 00:40:22,033 STARCH AND IRON AND SPRINKLE. 1036 00:40:20,233 --> 00:40:23,966 HOW DID SHE DO IT ALL? WE ALL 1037 00:40:22,033 --> 00:40:27,766 USED TO HELP I GUESS. I USED TO 1038 00:40:23,966 --> 00:40:30,733 PUT BLANKETS ON THE BENCH AND 1039 00:40:27,766 --> 00:40:35,300 IRON BECAUSE THEY'RE SO TALL AND 1040 00:40:30,733 --> 00:40:37,466 WE'RE TINY AND TRYING TO IRON. 1041 00:40:35,300 --> 00:40:39,133 AKIKO VO: THE WAR BROUGHT MANY 1042 00:40:37,466 --> 00:40:41,966 HARDSHIPS, BUT IT ALSO BROUGHT 1043 00:40:39,133 --> 00:40:43,700 NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR SHINMACHI 1044 00:40:41,966 --> 00:40:46,300 TO SHOW ITS INVENTIVENESS. WHEN 1045 00:40:43,700 --> 00:40:49,433 POTATOES WERE RATIONED, 1046 00:40:46,300 --> 00:40:53,033 ATEBARA'S INVENTED TARO CHIPS. 1047 00:40:49,433 --> 00:40:56,100 HILO MACARONI'S EXPERIMENT WAS A 1048 00:40:53,033 --> 00:41:00,266 BLAND GERMAN HARDTACK CRACKER 1049 00:40:56,100 --> 00:41:02,300 RECIPE CREATED HAWAII'S BELOVED 1050 00:41:00,266 --> 00:41:04,533 SALOON PILOT CRACKER. AND AT 1051 00:41:02,300 --> 00:41:07,333 GOYA BROTHERS, HUNGRY NEWCOMERS 1052 00:41:04,533 --> 00:41:08,800 WERE EXPANDING THE MENU. 1053 00:41:07,333 --> 00:41:11,633 RAMON GOYA: PEOPLE NOT ONLY CAME 1054 00:41:08,800 --> 00:41:14,100 TO EAT, BUT A LOT OF THEM HUNG 1055 00:41:11,633 --> 00:41:16,766 OUT THERE AND BECAME GOOD 1056 00:41:14,100 --> 00:41:18,566 FRIENDS. AND MY MOM LEARNED A 1057 00:41:16,766 --> 00:41:20,400 WHOLE LOT OF DISHES AND THINGS 1058 00:41:18,566 --> 00:41:23,133 FROM THEM BECAUSE THEY CAME FROM 1059 00:41:20,400 --> 00:41:24,600 THE MAINLAND. MY MOM NEVER KNEW 1060 00:41:23,133 --> 00:41:26,866 WHAT GRILLED CHEESE WAS ALL 1061 00:41:24,600 --> 00:41:28,533 ABOUT, WHAT KIND OF SANDWICH IT 1062 00:41:26,866 --> 00:41:31,100 WAS. SO SHE ASKED THAT PERSON, 1063 00:41:28,533 --> 00:41:32,700 PLEASE COME INTO THE KITCHEN AND 1064 00:41:31,100 --> 00:41:35,266 SHOW ME HOW TO DO IT. AND HE 1065 00:41:32,700 --> 00:41:37,066 BECAME A REGULAR, YOU KNOW. YOU 1066 00:41:35,266 --> 00:41:41,933 KNOW, THAT'S THE THING. THEY 1067 00:41:37,066 --> 00:41:41,933 PERSONALIZED THEIR BUSINESS. 1068 00:41:44,066 --> 00:41:47,300 ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE: IMPORTANT AND 1069 00:41:45,733 --> 00:41:49,000 DECISIVE BATTLES, AND EACH TIME 1070 00:41:47,300 --> 00:41:51,400 THESE MEN OF THE 100TH INFANTRY 1071 00:41:49,000 --> 00:41:52,300 BATTALION AND THE 442ND COMBAT 1072 00:41:51,400 --> 00:41:54,333 TEAM HAVE BEEN RIGHT OUT IN 1073 00:41:52,300 --> 00:41:55,900 FRONT. 1074 00:41:54,333 --> 00:41:57,566 AKIKO VO: AS SOLDIERS FROM THE 1075 00:41:55,900 --> 00:41:59,833 MAINLAND BECAME FIXTURES IN 1076 00:41:57,566 --> 00:42:02,000 HILO, SECOND-GENERATION MEN FROM 1077 00:41:59,833 --> 00:42:03,400 SHINMACHI AND ACROSS THE 1078 00:42:02,000 --> 00:42:05,100 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS JOINED THE 1079 00:42:03,400 --> 00:42:07,366 ARMED FORCES WHEN THE ARMY 1080 00:42:05,100 --> 00:42:11,400 FORMED THE ALL JAPANESE FOR 1081 00:42:07,366 --> 00:42:14,400 442ND REGIMENTAL COMBAT TEAM, 1082 00:42:11,400 --> 00:42:16,333 THE FOUR FOUR TWO, IN EARLY 1083 00:42:14,400 --> 00:42:18,233 1943. THERE WERE AT LEAST TWO 1084 00:42:16,333 --> 00:42:21,600 SOLDIERS FROM EACH BLOCK IN 1085 00:42:18,233 --> 00:42:23,133 SHINMACHI ON THE FRONT LINES IN 1086 00:42:21,600 --> 00:42:24,833 EUROPE. RONALD TAKAHATA, WHO 1087 00:42:23,133 --> 00:42:28,100 GREW UP HELPING HIS FATHER RUN 1088 00:42:24,833 --> 00:42:29,933 QUALITY AUTO IN SHINMACHI, WAS 1089 00:42:28,100 --> 00:42:32,266 ALREADY A TRANSLATOR IN THE 1090 00:42:29,933 --> 00:42:34,866 MILITARY INTELLIGENCE SERVICE 1091 00:42:32,266 --> 00:42:36,466 FOR THE DURATION OF THE WAR. 1092 00:42:34,866 --> 00:42:38,533 AKIKO VO: WATARU KOHASHI LEFT 1093 00:42:36,466 --> 00:42:41,533 HIS JOB AT HIS FATHER'S FISHCAKE 1094 00:42:38,533 --> 00:42:43,900 FACTORY TO ENLIST IN THE 442ND. 1095 00:42:41,533 --> 00:42:46,300 LIKE THE THOUSANDS OF HIS FELLOW 1096 00:42:43,900 --> 00:42:48,900 SOLDIERS OF JAPANESE DESCENT, 1097 00:42:46,300 --> 00:42:50,233 KOHASHI HELPED TO LIBERATE ITALY 1098 00:42:48,900 --> 00:42:54,633 AND TO RESCUE THE TEXAS LOST 1099 00:42:50,233 --> 00:42:56,266 BATTALION. HE LOST MANY FRIENDS, 1100 00:42:54,633 --> 00:43:03,366 INCLUDING ONE WHO DIED IN HIS 1101 00:42:56,266 --> 00:43:03,366 ARMS. 1102 00:43:03,766 --> 00:43:07,633 AKIKO VO: AT THE END OF THE WAR, 1103 00:43:05,833 --> 00:43:09,933 WHEN MARTIAL LAW WAS LIFTED, THE 1104 00:43:07,633 --> 00:43:11,666 BEACHES WERE FREED OF THE BARBED 1105 00:43:09,933 --> 00:43:13,666 WIRE, MOST OF THE SOLDIERS AND 1106 00:43:11,666 --> 00:43:15,100 PEOPLE IN INCARCERATION CAMPS 1107 00:43:13,666 --> 00:43:19,033 CAME HOME, AND ALL OF THE GAS 1108 00:43:15,100 --> 00:43:20,900 MASKS WERE RETURNED TO MILITARY 1109 00:43:19,033 --> 00:43:23,800 STORAGE. THERE WAS EVERY REASON 1110 00:43:20,900 --> 00:43:27,766 TO BELIEVE THAT LIFE IN 1111 00:43:23,800 --> 00:43:29,933 SHINMACHI WOULD SETTLE INTO A 1112 00:43:27,766 --> 00:43:31,933 STEADY RHYTHM OF WORK, PRAYER, 1113 00:43:29,933 --> 00:43:33,066 NEIGHBORLINESS, AND PLAY. FOR 1114 00:43:31,933 --> 00:43:38,133 EIGHT MONTHS. SHINMACHI'S MODEST 1115 00:43:33,066 --> 00:43:38,133 WISH WAS GRANTED. 1116 00:43:42,166 --> 00:43:43,966 ARCHIVAL FOOTAGE: UNITED 1117 00:43:42,600 --> 00:43:45,000 NEWSREEL INTERNATIONAL: THE 1118 00:43:43,966 --> 00:43:45,933 PACIFIC OCEAN ON THE RAMPAGE, 1119 00:43:45,000 --> 00:43:47,800 SWIFT, TOWERING WAVES 1120 00:43:45,933 --> 00:43:49,133 ORIGINATING IN THE ALEUTIAN 1121 00:43:47,800 --> 00:43:50,200 ISLANDS, SPREADING OUT FOR 1122 00:43:49,133 --> 00:43:52,266 THOUSANDS OF MILES TO BATTER 1123 00:43:50,200 --> 00:43:53,766 SHORELINES FROM HAWAII TO SOUTH 1124 00:43:52,266 --> 00:43:55,966 AMERICA. ONE OF THE WORST TIDAL 1125 00:43:53,766 --> 00:44:03,466 WAVES ON RECORD TAKES ITS TOLL 1126 00:43:55,966 --> 00:44:04,833 AS MAMMOTH WAVES BEGAN TO BREAK. 1127 00:44:03,466 --> 00:44:06,233 KENNETH KAMEOKA: MY GRANDFATHER 1128 00:44:04,833 --> 00:44:08,766 WAS LIVING HERE IN SHINMACHI. I 1129 00:44:06,233 --> 00:44:11,233 WAS PROBABLY IN FIFTH OR SIXTH 1130 00:44:08,766 --> 00:44:13,966 GRADE. IN THE MORNING, WE'D 1131 00:44:11,233 --> 00:44:15,966 USUALLY GO TO SCHOOL ABOUT 6:45 1132 00:44:13,966 --> 00:44:17,800 IN THE MORNING. YOU COULD HEAR 1133 00:44:15,966 --> 00:44:19,433 PEOPLE SCREAMING AND YELLING 1134 00:44:17,800 --> 00:44:20,766 LIKE, "HEY! TIGER WAVE!" WE 1135 00:44:19,433 --> 00:44:23,100 THOUGHT IT WAS "TIGER WAVE" BUT 1136 00:44:20,766 --> 00:44:25,133 THEY WERE PROBABLY SAYING, LIKE, 1137 00:44:23,100 --> 00:44:26,300 "TIDAL WAVE." AND THEN THEY'RE 1138 00:44:25,133 --> 00:44:28,133 ALL STANDING ON THE ROOFS OF 1139 00:44:26,300 --> 00:44:28,933 HOUSES. SO WE JUST THOUGHT "EH," 1140 00:44:28,133 --> 00:44:34,733 AND JUST YELLED BACK, "APRIL 1141 00:44:28,933 --> 00:44:34,733 FOOL! APRIL FOOL!" 1142 00:44:38,066 --> 00:44:41,233 AKIKO VO: IT WAS LESS THAN A 1143 00:44:39,166 --> 00:44:43,033 YEAR AFTER THE WAR ENDED THAT A 1144 00:44:41,233 --> 00:44:45,833 TSUNAMI TURNED SHINMACHI INTO A 1145 00:44:43,033 --> 00:44:48,000 SWIRLING CHAOS OF SPLINTERED 1146 00:44:45,833 --> 00:44:49,900 BUILDINGS, SCATTERED OBJECTS OF 1147 00:44:48,000 --> 00:44:55,300 EVERY KIND, BROKEN TREES, 1148 00:44:49,900 --> 00:44:56,900 PANICKED PEOPLE AND LIFELESS 1149 00:44:55,300 --> 00:45:00,333 BODIES. THAT MORNING, THE OCEAN 1150 00:44:56,900 --> 00:45:01,966 RECEDED, ODDLY, AND THE FEW WHO 1151 00:45:00,333 --> 00:45:06,300 WERE FAMILIAR WITH TSUNAMIS 1152 00:45:01,966 --> 00:45:08,100 SHOUTED WARNINGS ABOUT THE FIRST 1153 00:45:06,300 --> 00:45:11,000 TWO WAVES. WHEN THE POWERFUL 1154 00:45:08,100 --> 00:45:13,366 THIRD WAVE HIT SHINMACHI, MOST 1155 00:45:11,000 --> 00:45:15,700 COULD ONLY REACT TO SURVIVE, IF 1156 00:45:13,366 --> 00:45:16,533 SURVIVAL WAS EVEN POSSIBLE. 1157 00:45:15,700 --> 00:45:18,100 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE & JOAN 1158 00:45:16,533 --> 00:45:20,066 GOODALL PUAKELA: DURING THE 1159 00:45:18,100 --> 00:45:20,700 TIDAL WAVE WE WERE HIGH UP HERE. 1160 00:45:20,066 --> 00:45:21,666 YEAH, YOU GUYS SAW ALL THE THREE 1161 00:45:20,700 --> 00:45:23,800 WAVES? OH YEAH. DOWN ON THE 1162 00:45:21,666 --> 00:45:25,833 THIRD WAVE. BUT MY MOTHER KEPT 1163 00:45:23,800 --> 00:45:27,100 TELLING US, GO UNDER THE BED, GO 1164 00:45:25,833 --> 00:45:29,933 ON TOP OF THE BED. AND I DON'T 1165 00:45:27,100 --> 00:45:31,466 KNOW HOW MANY TIMES, UP AND 1166 00:45:29,933 --> 00:45:32,433 DOWN. UP AND DOWN BECAUSE SHE 1167 00:45:31,466 --> 00:45:34,133 DIDN'T KNOW WHAT TO DO. RIGHT. 1168 00:45:32,433 --> 00:45:36,100 RIGHT. 1169 00:45:34,133 --> 00:45:37,233 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE: SO MY 1170 00:45:36,100 --> 00:45:40,566 UNCLE HAD PEOPLE COME AND HELP 1171 00:45:37,233 --> 00:45:43,500 ME AND THEY TORE OFF THE ROOF TO 1172 00:45:40,566 --> 00:45:45,333 GET US OUT OF THE HOUSE. THEN WE 1173 00:45:43,500 --> 00:45:46,300 ALL GOT SEPARATED FROM THERE, 1174 00:45:45,333 --> 00:45:48,766 WHOEVER HAD TO GO TO THE 1175 00:45:46,300 --> 00:45:49,766 HOSPITAL. 1176 00:45:48,766 --> 00:45:54,066 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE: HOW DID 1177 00:45:49,766 --> 00:45:55,933 YOU GUYS END UP? 1178 00:45:54,066 --> 00:45:57,600 JOAN GOODALL PUAKELA: THE THING 1179 00:45:55,933 --> 00:45:59,800 IS, MY MOTHER HEARD THE NOISE, 1180 00:45:57,600 --> 00:46:01,033 SO SHE OPENED THE DOOR, THE 1181 00:45:59,800 --> 00:46:03,333 WATER CAME RIGHT IN THE HOUSE, 1182 00:46:01,033 --> 00:46:07,066 SUCKED ME RIGHT OUT TO THE 1183 00:46:03,333 --> 00:46:11,666 FRONT, AND THEN I MYSELF JUST 1184 00:46:07,066 --> 00:46:13,333 GAVE UP BECAUSE THE BOARDS WERE 1185 00:46:11,666 --> 00:46:15,566 ALL HITTING ME AND I DIDN'T HAVE 1186 00:46:13,333 --> 00:46:17,733 ANYBODY BY ME. SO I KIND OF 1187 00:46:15,566 --> 00:46:21,033 REMEMBER I WAS RECEDING OUT. AND 1188 00:46:17,733 --> 00:46:22,300 THIS MAN PICKED ME UP. 1189 00:46:21,033 --> 00:46:24,900 YOSHINOBU TERADA: THEN I FELT 1190 00:46:22,300 --> 00:46:28,333 THAT THE HOUSE WAS STARTING TO 1191 00:46:24,900 --> 00:46:33,266 SINK. AND I SAID, WELL, YOSHI IF 1192 00:46:28,333 --> 00:46:35,366 YOU'RE GONNA STAY HERE, THAT 1193 00:46:33,266 --> 00:46:36,833 HOUSE GOING TO COVER YOU WITH 1194 00:46:35,366 --> 00:46:39,100 THE ROOF AND THAT WILL BE THE 1195 00:46:36,833 --> 00:46:41,133 END OF YOU. SO I LOOKED IN THE 1196 00:46:39,100 --> 00:46:43,800 BACK AND I SAW MY BROTHER'S 1197 00:46:41,133 --> 00:46:46,033 SURFBOARD THAT HE BUILT IN HIGH 1198 00:46:43,800 --> 00:46:50,533 SCHOOL. AND WHEN I HOPPED ONTO 1199 00:46:46,033 --> 00:46:54,633 IT AND THE WAVES STARTED TO, OR 1200 00:46:50,533 --> 00:46:58,933 SHOULD I SAY THE WATER, AND ALL 1201 00:46:54,633 --> 00:47:01,600 THAT DEBRIS, SEEMED TO PUSH ME 1202 00:46:58,933 --> 00:47:02,533 TOWARDS THE SUGAR MILL. 1203 00:47:01,600 --> 00:47:04,166 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE: SO YOU 1204 00:47:02,533 --> 00:47:05,066 FOLKS WAS SEPARATED. WE WERE ALL 1205 00:47:04,166 --> 00:47:06,733 SEPARATED. AND YOUR YOUR MOTHER? 1206 00:47:05,066 --> 00:47:07,366 YOUR BROTHER WAS? 1207 00:47:06,733 --> 00:47:09,400 JOAN GOODALL PUAKELA: MY MOTHER 1208 00:47:07,366 --> 00:47:10,200 WAS TRYING TO HANG ON TO HIM. 1209 00:47:09,400 --> 00:47:11,533 SUSAN YOSHIMI ROSETE & JOAN 1210 00:47:10,200 --> 00:47:12,666 GOODALL PUAKELA: HER BROTHER IS 1211 00:47:11,533 --> 00:47:17,900 THE ONE THAT WAS LOST IN A TIDAL 1212 00:47:12,666 --> 00:47:17,900 WAVE. NEVER FOUND. 1213 00:47:21,700 --> 00:47:24,900 AKIKO VO: THE TSUNAMI TOOK THE 1214 00:47:22,666 --> 00:47:26,833 LIVES OF 159 PEOPLE IN THE 1215 00:47:24,900 --> 00:47:29,266 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, OVER ONE 1216 00:47:26,833 --> 00:47:35,100 HUNDRED WERE KILLED IN HILO 1217 00:47:29,266 --> 00:47:39,733 ALONE, THIRTY-EIGHT FROM 1218 00:47:35,100 --> 00:47:42,733 SHINMACHI. IT WAS CLEAR RIGHT 1219 00:47:39,733 --> 00:47:45,433 AWAY THAT THE RECOVERY WOULD BE 1220 00:47:42,733 --> 00:47:47,733 LONG AND ARDUOUS FOR THE 1221 00:47:45,433 --> 00:47:51,100 THOUSANDS OF SURVIVORS WHO LOST 1222 00:47:47,733 --> 00:47:52,666 THEIR HOMES, BUSINESSES, 1223 00:47:51,100 --> 00:47:53,233 SAVINGS, HEIRLOOMS AND PEOPLE 1224 00:47:52,666 --> 00:47:56,166 THEY LOVED DEARLY. AS BEFORE 1225 00:47:53,233 --> 00:47:59,066 SHINMACHI RESIDENTS WORKED WITH 1226 00:47:56,166 --> 00:48:01,366 WHAT THEY HAD IN ORDER TO 1227 00:47:59,066 --> 00:48:03,933 REBUILD. THE SALVATION ARMY 1228 00:48:01,366 --> 00:48:06,633 HELPED MEET THE BASIC NEEDS OF 1229 00:48:03,933 --> 00:48:08,933 THOSE WHO HAD NOTHING BUT WHAT 1230 00:48:06,633 --> 00:48:11,066 THEY WERE WEARING. THE LOCAL BOY 1231 00:48:08,933 --> 00:48:14,066 SCOUTS HAD THE TERRIBLE TASK OF 1232 00:48:11,066 --> 00:48:16,966 LOOKING FOR BODIES. MOSTLY, 1233 00:48:14,066 --> 00:48:19,133 NEIGHBORS HELPED NEIGHBORS BY 1234 00:48:16,966 --> 00:48:20,200 TAKING TSUNAMI REFUGEES INTO 1235 00:48:19,133 --> 00:48:21,933 THEIR HOMES, WORKING TOGETHER TO 1236 00:48:20,200 --> 00:48:24,033 SALVAGE WHAT COULD BE SALVAGED 1237 00:48:21,933 --> 00:48:26,800 AND TO REBUILD AS QUICKLY AS 1238 00:48:24,033 --> 00:48:28,800 POSSIBLE. 1239 00:48:26,800 --> 00:48:30,966 AKIKO VO: THE ARMY AND NAVY WERE 1240 00:48:28,800 --> 00:48:32,600 PREPARING TO LEAVE THE ISLAND IN 1241 00:48:30,966 --> 00:48:34,733 JUST FIVE MONTHS, BUT THERE WERE 1242 00:48:32,600 --> 00:48:37,566 STILL ENOUGH SOLDIERS REMAINING 1243 00:48:34,733 --> 00:48:39,333 TO LEAD SEARCH AND RESCUE 1244 00:48:37,566 --> 00:48:41,633 EFFORTS. THE NAVAL AIR STATION 1245 00:48:39,333 --> 00:48:41,700 BARRACKS, LOCATED NEAR HILO'S 1246 00:48:41,633 --> 00:48:41,700 7 1247 00:48:43,966 --> 00:48:47,500 LYMAN AIRFIELD, BECAME THE NEW 1248 00:48:45,800 --> 00:48:49,400 HOME FOR HUNDREDS OF FAMILIES 1249 00:48:47,500 --> 00:48:52,733 WHO LOST EVERYTHING. 1250 00:48:49,400 --> 00:48:54,333 HILO MEISHOIN: (GONG) 1251 00:48:52,733 --> 00:48:56,166 AKIKO VO: THE CHURCHES PROVIDED 1252 00:48:54,333 --> 00:48:57,766 REFUGE IN THE WAKE OF THE 1253 00:48:56,166 --> 00:49:00,400 TSUNAMI, HOLDING THE COMMUNITY 1254 00:48:57,766 --> 00:49:06,966 TOGETHER AS THEY HAD SINCE 1255 00:49:00,400 --> 00:49:08,833 SHINMACHI'S FOUNDING. 1256 00:49:06,966 --> 00:49:10,733 AKIKO VO: THE 1946 TSUNAMI TOOK 1257 00:49:08,833 --> 00:49:13,066 EVERYTHING EXCEPT THE BUILDINGS 1258 00:49:10,733 --> 00:49:15,133 ON THE CORNER OF KAMEHAMEHA 1259 00:49:13,066 --> 00:49:18,933 AVENUE AND BISHOP STREET. THESE 1260 00:49:15,133 --> 00:49:21,433 BUILDINGS WERE SHIELDED BY THE 1261 00:49:18,933 --> 00:49:23,366 LUMBER AT HPM. GOYA BROTHERS WAS 1262 00:49:21,433 --> 00:49:25,833 HIT HARD, BUT THE FAMILY REBUILT 1263 00:49:23,366 --> 00:49:28,433 AND OPENED MAY'S FOUNTAIN IN 1264 00:49:25,833 --> 00:49:31,933 1946, BRINGING A SPARK OF LIFE 1265 00:49:28,433 --> 00:49:33,866 TO SHINMACHI, SERVING EVERYTHING 1266 00:49:31,933 --> 00:49:35,433 FROM HAM AND CHEESE AND ROOT 1267 00:49:33,866 --> 00:49:41,733 BEER FLOATS TO HILO'S HOMEMADE 1268 00:49:35,433 --> 00:49:44,100 DISH, LOCO MOCO. 1269 00:49:41,733 --> 00:49:47,000 AKIKO VO: A SECOND TSUNAMI IN 1270 00:49:44,100 --> 00:49:50,266 1960 KILLED 61 PEOPLE AND 1271 00:49:47,000 --> 00:49:53,033 DESTROYED 530 BUILDINGS, 1272 00:49:50,266 --> 00:49:55,100 INCLUDING THE LAST PHYSICAL 1273 00:49:53,033 --> 00:49:56,800 REMAINS OF SHINMACHI. AFTER 1274 00:49:55,100 --> 00:49:59,333 LOSING EVERYTHING TWICE IN 15 1275 00:49:56,800 --> 00:50:02,000 YEARS, MANY SHINMACHI FAMILIES 1276 00:49:59,333 --> 00:50:03,900 QUESTIONED THE WISDOM OF 1277 00:50:02,000 --> 00:50:07,066 REBUILDING. OTHERS SAW NEW 1278 00:50:03,900 --> 00:50:08,466 POSSIBILITIES. 1279 00:50:07,066 --> 00:50:10,466 MICHAEL TOKUNAGA: YOU KNOW MY 1280 00:50:08,466 --> 00:50:12,000 GRANDFATHER AFTER THE 1960 TIDAL 1281 00:50:10,466 --> 00:50:13,966 WAVE, HE WANTED TO CALL IT 1282 00:50:12,000 --> 00:50:17,733 QUITS. HE REALLY WANTED TO CALL 1283 00:50:13,966 --> 00:50:19,566 IT QUITS. BUT THEN MY MOM SAID, 1284 00:50:17,733 --> 00:50:21,833 "OH, I'LL RUN THE BUSINESS," YOU 1285 00:50:19,566 --> 00:50:24,533 KNOW? AND THEN FOR A FEMALE TO 1286 00:50:21,833 --> 00:50:26,533 BE RUNNING A FISHING TACKLE 1287 00:50:24,533 --> 00:50:28,200 BUSINESS IN THE 1960S, THAT WAS 1288 00:50:26,533 --> 00:50:31,200 PRETTY TOUGH. SHE KNEW HOW TO 1289 00:50:28,200 --> 00:50:33,066 FISH. SHE WAS A GOOD ANGLER, 1290 00:50:31,200 --> 00:50:35,033 ALSO, SHE PROVED HERSELF. IT 1291 00:50:33,066 --> 00:50:36,866 WASN'T A DRESS SHOP. IT WASN'T A 1292 00:50:35,033 --> 00:50:38,966 COSMETICS STORE. IT WASN'T A 1293 00:50:36,866 --> 00:50:42,933 FABRIC SHOP. IT WAS BASICALLY A 1294 00:50:38,966 --> 00:50:44,833 FISHING TACKLE SHOP THEN. 1295 00:50:42,933 --> 00:50:47,300 AKIKO VO: SHINMACHI WAS 1296 00:50:44,833 --> 00:50:49,766 ULTIMATELY DECLARED AN 1297 00:50:47,300 --> 00:50:51,366 INUNDATION ZONE WHERE REBUILDING 1298 00:50:49,766 --> 00:50:53,100 IS PROHIBITED. DISPLACED 1299 00:50:51,366 --> 00:50:55,033 RESIDENTS FORMED THE SHINMACHI 1300 00:50:53,100 --> 00:50:56,866 CLUB, WHICH HOSTED AN ANNUAL 1301 00:50:55,033 --> 00:50:58,700 REUNION TO BRING ALL NEIGHBORS 1302 00:50:56,866 --> 00:51:00,533 TOGETHER AND TO KEEP THE SPIRIT 1303 00:50:58,700 --> 00:51:04,600 OF MUTUAL SUPPORT AND SHARED 1304 00:51:00,533 --> 00:51:06,133 RESILIENCY ALIVE. 1305 00:51:04,600 --> 00:51:08,600 JOAN GOODALL PUAKELA AND KENNETH 1306 00:51:06,133 --> 00:51:10,366 KAMEOKA: SEE WHERE YOUR BROTHER. 1307 00:51:08,600 --> 00:51:11,633 YEAH. YOUR BROTHER WAS BURIED. 1308 00:51:10,366 --> 00:51:13,533 AND WHAT YOU SAID WAS THAT ALL 1309 00:51:11,633 --> 00:51:14,200 THE PEOPLE THAT DIDN'T HAVE ANY 1310 00:51:13,533 --> 00:51:17,033 GRAVES, RIGHT, WERE BURIED OVER 1311 00:51:14,200 --> 00:51:19,966 THERE? 1312 00:51:17,033 --> 00:51:20,900 AKIKO VO: FOR JOAN GOODALL, 1313 00:51:19,966 --> 00:51:23,400 SHINMACHI REMAINS A VAST TERRAIN 1314 00:51:20,900 --> 00:51:24,400 OF UNANSWERED QUESTIONS, 1315 00:51:23,400 --> 00:51:28,600 ESPECIALLY ABOUT HER LOST 1316 00:51:24,400 --> 00:51:31,000 BROTHER FREDERICK. 1317 00:51:28,600 --> 00:51:32,800 JOAN GOODALL PUAKELA: BECAUSE I 1318 00:51:31,000 --> 00:51:33,400 SAW THE MOUNDS. 1319 00:51:32,800 --> 00:51:35,066 KENNETH KAMEOKA: AND SOMEBODY 1320 00:51:33,400 --> 00:51:35,866 TOLD YOU THAT WAS THE AREA? 1321 00:51:35,066 --> 00:51:37,433 JOAN GOODALL PUAKELA: YET THIS 1322 00:51:35,866 --> 00:51:40,066 WAS WHERE THE TIDAL WAVE 1323 00:51:37,433 --> 00:51:42,633 VICTIMS, BECAUSE THEY COULDN'T 1324 00:51:40,066 --> 00:51:45,433 FIND THE OWNERS, YOU KNOW, AND 1325 00:51:42,633 --> 00:51:47,300 MY BROTHER WAS SEVEN, I THINK AT 1326 00:51:45,433 --> 00:51:50,000 THAT TIME MY MOTHER EVEN CAME 1327 00:51:47,300 --> 00:51:52,966 OUT OF THE HOSPITAL BECAUSE SHE 1328 00:51:50,000 --> 00:51:56,333 HAD GASHES ON HER HEAD AND SHE 1329 00:51:52,966 --> 00:51:57,766 WAS BANGED UP. SO THEY TOLD THE 1330 00:51:56,333 --> 00:51:59,900 HOSPITAL SHE GOT OUT TO LOOK FOR 1331 00:51:57,766 --> 00:52:00,900 MY BROTHER. 1332 00:51:59,900 --> 00:52:02,466 KENNETH KAMEOKA: SO THAT TIME, 1333 00:52:00,900 --> 00:52:03,100 THEY NEVER FOUND HIM? 1334 00:52:02,466 --> 00:52:05,433 JOAN GOODALL PUAKELA: YOU KNOW, 1335 00:52:03,100 --> 00:52:07,966 MAYBE NOT. YEAH, I DON'T KNOW. 1336 00:52:05,433 --> 00:52:09,066 JOAN & KEN: AT LEAST HE'S IN THE 1337 00:52:07,966 --> 00:52:11,266 AREA. YEAH, SOMEWHERE IN THIS 1338 00:52:09,066 --> 00:52:14,633 AREA. YEAH, YEAH. 1339 00:52:11,266 --> 00:52:15,900 KENNETH KAMEOKA: YEAH, THAT'S 1340 00:52:14,633 --> 00:52:22,733 GOOD. OK, YEAH, HE WILL BE 1341 00:52:15,900 --> 00:52:22,733 HAPPY. 1342 00:52:24,633 --> 00:52:28,300 AKIKO VO: THE TSUNAMIS DID NOT 1343 00:52:26,366 --> 00:52:30,933 TAKE ALL OF SHINMACHI. AT HILO 1344 00:52:28,300 --> 00:52:34,533 DAIJINGU, A SINGULAR FEMALE 1345 00:52:30,933 --> 00:52:36,566 KOMAINU, A LION DOG STATUE, SITS 1346 00:52:34,533 --> 00:52:39,966 NEXT TO THE EMPTY BASE OF HER 1347 00:52:36,566 --> 00:52:42,300 MATE, WHICH WAS SWEPT AWAY IN 1348 00:52:39,966 --> 00:52:44,333 THE WAVE. TRACES OF SHINMACHI 1349 00:52:42,300 --> 00:52:45,900 STILL APPEAR IN THE S. TOKUNAGA 1350 00:52:44,333 --> 00:52:48,533 STORE'S ANNUAL ULUA CHALLENGE, 1351 00:52:45,900 --> 00:52:51,566 ON THE GROCERY STORE SHELVES, 1352 00:52:48,533 --> 00:52:52,733 AND IN THE TEMPLE SANCTUARIES, 1353 00:52:51,566 --> 00:52:56,133 AND ESPECIALLY IN THE STORIES OF 1354 00:52:52,733 --> 00:52:57,566 THOSE WHO REMEMBER THIS PLACE 1355 00:52:56,133 --> 00:52:59,633 BEFORE THE TSUNAMI. 1356 00:52:57,566 --> 00:53:01,166 AKIKO VO: OVER MANY DECADES,THE 1357 00:52:59,633 --> 00:53:06,300 MUTUAL SUPPORT THAT THE 1358 00:53:01,166 --> 00:53:08,200 SHINMACHI ASSOCIATION BROUGHT 1359 00:53:06,300 --> 00:53:09,833 INTO BEING IN 1913 REMAINS ALIVE 1360 00:53:08,200 --> 00:53:10,833 IN THE JAPANESE BUSINESS 1361 00:53:09,833 --> 00:53:12,266 COMMUNITY. 1362 00:53:10,833 --> 00:53:13,000 BRIAN KITAGAWA: YOU KNOW, WE CAN 1363 00:53:12,266 --> 00:53:14,900 GET MORE DONE TOGETHER THAN WE 1364 00:53:13,000 --> 00:53:17,800 CAN DO FIGHTING EACH OTHER. SO 1365 00:53:14,900 --> 00:53:19,966 WE WORK TOGETHER AS A GROUP TO 1366 00:53:17,800 --> 00:53:21,166 BETTER THE BUSINESS, YOU KNOW, 1367 00:53:19,966 --> 00:53:23,300 BETTER THE INDUSTRY. BUT THAT 1368 00:53:21,166 --> 00:53:24,966 STILL EXISTS TODAY. 1369 00:53:23,300 --> 00:53:27,466 MICHAEL FUJIMOTO: THERE IS NOT 1370 00:53:24,966 --> 00:53:30,366 THAT CLASS STRUCTURE THAT YOU 1371 00:53:27,466 --> 00:53:32,966 HAVE IN A LOT OF COMMUNITIES. 1372 00:53:30,366 --> 00:53:34,633 YOU KNOW, PEOPLE HERE JUST... I 1373 00:53:32,966 --> 00:53:37,300 THINK BECAUSE WE ALL KNOW WHERE 1374 00:53:34,633 --> 00:53:39,633 OUR ROOTS ARE. AND WE ALL CAME 1375 00:53:37,300 --> 00:53:42,333 FROM THE SAME PLACE. SOME OF US 1376 00:53:39,633 --> 00:53:45,266 WERE A LITTLE LUCKIER THAN 1377 00:53:42,333 --> 00:53:48,000 OTHERS. AND THAT'S WHERE THAT 1378 00:53:45,266 --> 00:53:49,200 FEELING OF THE KUMIAI IS VERY 1379 00:53:48,000 --> 00:53:50,233 STRONG IN HAWAII, BECAUSE YOU 1380 00:53:49,200 --> 00:53:51,933 ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR 1381 00:53:50,233 --> 00:53:53,733 COMMUNITY. 1382 00:53:51,933 --> 00:53:55,133 SADAKO HARA IWASAKI: MY FATHER 1383 00:53:53,733 --> 00:53:56,600 PASSED AWAY, SO THEY MADE A 1384 00:53:55,133 --> 00:53:58,000 SECTION FOR US TO STAY. 1385 00:53:56,600 --> 00:53:59,466 AKIKO VO: SHINMACHI FAMILIES 1386 00:53:58,000 --> 00:54:01,966 STILL CARRY FORWARD THEIR 1387 00:53:59,466 --> 00:54:03,166 ANCESTORS' TRADITIONS FROM THE 1388 00:54:01,966 --> 00:54:05,066 PAST AND THEIR DREAMS FOR THE 1389 00:54:03,166 --> 00:54:06,700 FUTURE. 1390 00:54:05,066 --> 00:54:08,066 DONALD IKEDA & KENNETH KAMEOKA: 1391 00:54:06,700 --> 00:54:08,666 IN THE OLD DAYS, I GUESS THE 1392 00:54:08,066 --> 00:54:09,400 PARENTS ALWAYS WANTED TO MAKE 1393 00:54:08,666 --> 00:54:12,166 THEIR CHILDREN BETTER THAN WHO 1394 00:54:09,400 --> 00:54:13,333 THEY WERE. 1395 00:54:12,166 --> 00:54:14,566 DONALD IKEDA: WE TOLD THE 1396 00:54:13,333 --> 00:54:15,333 PARENTS, IF YOU SEND US TO 1397 00:54:14,566 --> 00:54:19,700 COLLEGE, WE'RE NOT GOING TO COME 1398 00:54:15,333 --> 00:54:22,133 BACK AND DO HARD LABOR. 1399 00:54:19,700 --> 00:54:24,233 AKIKO VO: THE SUGAR INDUSTRY 1400 00:54:22,133 --> 00:54:25,733 BROUGHT JAPANESE LABORERS TO 1401 00:54:24,233 --> 00:54:27,900 HAWAII. THE SUGAR COMPANY SET 1402 00:54:25,733 --> 00:54:29,966 THE RULES THAT THE SHINMACHI 1403 00:54:27,900 --> 00:54:32,200 ASSOCIATION HAD TO WORK BY, 1404 00:54:29,966 --> 00:54:34,366 USING THE SKILLS AND VALUES THEY 1405 00:54:32,200 --> 00:54:36,500 BROUGHT FROM PLANTATION LIFE AND 1406 00:54:34,366 --> 00:54:38,133 JAPANESE CULTURE. THE PEOPLE OF 1407 00:54:36,500 --> 00:54:39,233 SHINMACHI CREATED THEIR OWN 1408 00:54:38,133 --> 00:54:43,900 FERTILE GROUND OF OPPORTUNITY 1409 00:54:39,233 --> 00:54:46,500 AND STABILITY. 1410 00:54:43,900 --> 00:54:50,066 AKIKO VO: IN 2016, THE SUGAR 1411 00:54:46,500 --> 00:54:52,466 INDUSTRY MADE ITS FINAL EXIT 1412 00:54:50,066 --> 00:54:55,766 FROM HAWAII. THE DESCENDANTS OF 1413 00:54:52,466 --> 00:54:57,500 THE HILO SHINMACHI ASSOCIATION 1414 00:54:55,766 --> 00:55:01,733 ARE STILL HERE, AND THEY 1415 00:54:57,500 --> 00:55:01,733 CONTINUE ON.