WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:05.266 position:25% line:84.67% size:65% (Science Trek Music) 00:05.266 --> 00:06.666 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% Blood travels around your body 00:06.666 --> 00:08.366 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% using arteries and veins called 00:08.366 --> 00:09.400 position:32.5% line:84.67% size:57.5% blood vessels. 00:09.566 --> 00:11.000 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% A blood vessel has three layers. 00:11.000 --> 00:12.633 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% The inner layer is smooth so 00:12.633 --> 00:14.200 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% blood can flow more easily. 00:14.200 --> 00:15.500 position:17.5% line:84.67% size:72.5% The middle layer is mostly 00:15.500 --> 00:16.933 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% muscle, and most blood vessels 00:16.933 --> 00:18.500 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% have a tough outer layer to 00:18.500 --> 00:19.366 position:27.5% line:84.67% size:62.5% provide structure. 00:19.366 --> 00:20.666 position:17.5% line:84.67% size:72.5% When thinking about blood 00:20.666 --> 00:22.166 position:20% line:84.67% size:70% vessels, imagine a tree. 00:22.166 --> 00:23.666 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% A tree has a trunk, limbs, and 00:23.666 --> 00:25.433 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% branches, each getting smaller. 00:25.433 --> 00:26.766 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% Blood vessels are like that too. 00:26.766 --> 00:28.533 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% There are three basic types of 00:28.533 --> 00:30.633 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% blood vessels: arteries, veins 00:30.633 --> 00:31.866 position:30% line:84.67% size:60% and capillaries. 00:31.866 --> 00:33.266 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% Arteries start out about as wide 00:33.266 --> 00:33.933 position:32.5% line:84.67% size:57.5% as your thumb. 00:33.933 --> 00:35.200 position:20% line:84.67% size:70% They branch into smaller 00:35.200 --> 00:36.066 position:35% line:84.67% size:55% arterioles. 00:36.066 --> 00:37.500 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% These are about as thick as 00:37.500 --> 00:37.900 position:32.5% line:84.67% size:57.5% dental floss. 00:37.900 --> 00:39.333 position:22.5% line:84.67% size:67.5% Arterioles branch into 00:39.333 --> 00:40.000 position:35% line:84.67% size:55% capillaries. 00:40.000 --> 00:41.766 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% Capillaries are the only blood 00:41.766 --> 00:43.600 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% vessel with just one thin layer. 00:43.600 --> 00:45.600 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% Their walls have to be so thin 00:45.600 --> 00:47.333 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% that gases like oxygen can pass 00:47.333 --> 00:48.466 position:20% line:84.67% size:70% through to body tissue. 00:48.466 --> 00:50.433 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% Capillaries then take in waste 00:50.433 --> 00:52.100 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% products like carbon dioxide and 00:52.100 --> 00:54.433 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% attach to very thin venules and 00:54.433 --> 00:55.666 position:22.5% line:84.67% size:67.5% then to bigger veins. 00:55.666 --> 00:57.166 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% Veins are closer to the skin's 00:57.166 --> 00:58.600 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% surface, which is why you can 00:58.600 --> 00:59.733 position:20% line:84.67% size:70% see them in your hands. 00:59.733 --> 01:00.700 position:17.5% line:84.67% size:72.5% For more information about 01:00.700 --> 01:01.900 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% blood, check out the Science 01:01.900 --> 01:02.333 position:32.5% line:84.67% size:57.5% Trek website. 01:02.333 --> 01:03.200 position:27.5% line:84.67% size:62.5% You'll find it at 01:03.200 --> 01:04.166 position:30% line:84.67% size:60% sciencetrek.org