WEBVTT 00:04.704 --> 00:06.439 >>> PRESENTATION OF "SCIENCE TREK" ON IDAHO PUBLIC 00:06.439 --> 00:09.342 TELEVISION IS MADE POSSIBLE THROUGH THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF 00:09.342 --> 00:11.077 THE LAURA MOORE CUNNINGHAM FOUNDATION, COMMITTED TO 00:11.077 --> 00:13.380 FULFILLING THE MOORE FAMILY LEGACY OF BUILDING THE GREAT 00:13.380 --> 00:16.449 STATE OF IDAHO. 00:16.449 --> 00:19.552 >>> YOUR MUSCLES GIVE YOUR BODY SHAPE AND MOVEMENT. 00:19.552 --> 00:22.655 MUSCLES HELP YOU MOVE, BREATHE, DIGEST YOUR FOOD, AND PUMP 00:22.655 --> 00:23.823 BLOOD AROUND YOUR BODY. 00:23.823 --> 00:25.291 WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT MUSCLES? 00:25.291 --> 00:27.460 WE'RE STANDING BY TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS. 00:27.460 --> 00:34.367 STAY TUNED, "SCIENCE TREK" IS NEXT. 00:34.367 --> 00:40.840 * * 00:40.840 --> 00:42.409 >>> HI, I'M JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN. 00:42.409 --> 00:45.111 WELCOME TO "SCIENCE TREK." 00:45.111 --> 00:47.580 AND WELCOME TO THE PORTNEUF MEDICAL CENTER HERE IN 00:47.580 --> 00:48.381 POCATELLO, IDAHO. 00:48.381 --> 00:53.153 WE'RE HERE TODAY TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT MUSCLES AND THE 00:53.153 --> 00:54.387 MUSCULAR SYSTEM BUT BEFORE WE DO, LET'S LEARN A 00:54.387 --> 00:57.590 LITTLE BIT MORE. 00:57.590 --> 01:02.896 >> YOU HAVE THREE TYPES OF MUSCLES IN YOUR BODY. 01:02.896 --> 01:05.699 >> SKELETAL MUSCLES HELP YOU MOVE. 01:05.699 --> 01:10.904 >> SMOOTH MUSCLES HELP YOU EAT AND BREATHE. 01:10.904 --> 01:14.974 >> AND CARDIAC MUSCLES MAKE YOUR HEART BEAT. 01:14.974 --> 01:18.178 >> YOU HAVE ABOUT 650 MUSCLES IN YOUR BODY. 01:18.178 --> 01:20.113 AND THEY COME IN ALL SHAPES AND SIZES. 01:20.113 --> 01:27.554 SOME ARE WIDE SHEETS OF TISSUE LIKE THE MUSCLES IN YOUR BACK. 01:27.554 --> 01:29.089 OTHERS ARE CIRCLES OR TRIANGLES. 01:29.089 --> 01:31.124 SKELETAL MUSCLES ARE MADE UP OF LOG-SHAPED FIBERS WITH HUNDREDS 01:31.124 --> 01:32.192 AND HUNDREDS OF STRANDS. 01:32.192 --> 01:34.661 THE THINNEST STRANDS OVERLAP ONE ANOTHER, LIKE FINGERS LACED 01:34.661 --> 01:37.030 TOGETHER. 01:37.030 --> 01:39.566 THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF FIBERS, FAST TWITCH FIBERS CONTRACT 01:39.566 --> 01:43.570 QUICKLY, GIVING YOU A BURST OF ENERGY, AND SLOW TWITCH FIBERS 01:43.570 --> 01:46.473 PROVIDE YOUR MUSCLES WITH A SUSTAINED RELEASE, SO THE 01:46.473 --> 01:48.475 MUSCLE CAN ACT LONGER. 01:48.475 --> 01:52.746 SOME SKELETAL MUSCLES ARE ATTACHED TO YOUR SKIN OR OTHER 01:52.746 --> 01:55.949 MUSCLES, BUT MOST ARE ATTACHED TO BONES WITH TENDONS. 01:55.949 --> 01:56.950 WIGGLE YOUR FINGERS. 01:56.950 --> 01:59.419 YOU CAN SEE CORDS JUST UNDER YOUR SKIN. 01:59.419 --> 02:01.888 THESE ARE THE TENDONS CONNECTING MUSCLES IN YOUR 02:01.888 --> 02:06.426 LOWER ARM TO YOUR FINGER BONES. 02:06.426 --> 02:07.327 SKELETAL MUSCLES WORK IN PAIRS. 02:07.327 --> 02:09.863 WHEN YOU LIFT SOMETHING, ONE MUSCLE CONTRACTS OR TIGHTENS 02:09.863 --> 02:13.333 AND THE OTHER MUSCLE RELAXES OR LOOSENS. 02:13.333 --> 02:15.902 THE CONTRACTING AND RELAXING ACTION PULLS UP THE MUSCLE AND 02:15.902 --> 02:18.638 YOUR ARM BONE. 02:18.638 --> 02:24.911 >> AND IT TAKES MORE THAN 300 MUSCLES WORKING TOGETHER JUST 02:24.911 --> 02:26.713 TO TAKE ONE SINGLE STEP. 02:26.713 --> 02:31.184 >> MUSCLES ARE THE MEAT OF THE BODY. 02:31.184 --> 02:33.286 THEY MAKE UP ABOUT A THIRD TO HALF OF YOUR BODY WEIGHT. 02:33.286 --> 02:35.121 MUSCLES ARE LOADED WITH BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES. 02:35.121 --> 02:37.257 BLOOD BRINGS MUSCLES FOOD AND OXYGEN SO THEY CAN WORK AND 02:37.257 --> 02:40.126 TAKE AWAY WASTE PRODUCTS. 02:40.126 --> 02:42.195 AND SIGNALS FROM YOUR BRAIN TRAVEL THROUGH THE NERVES TO 02:42.195 --> 02:45.031 TELL YOU MUSCLES WHAT TO DO. 02:45.031 --> 02:48.902 SKELETAL MUSCLES ARE VOLUNTARY, THAT IS YOU CAN CONTROL THEM. 02:48.902 --> 02:52.572 SMOOTH MUSCLES ARE INVOLUNTARY, THAT IS THEY WORK WITHOUT YOU 02:52.572 --> 02:53.673 HAVING TO THINK ABOUT THEM. 02:53.673 --> 02:57.210 SMOOTH MUSCLES ARE FOUND IN PLACES LIKE THE WALLS OF YOUR 02:57.210 --> 02:59.045 STOMACH AND BLOOD VESSELS. 02:59.045 --> 03:04.784 WHEN YOU GET COLD, TINY SMOOTH MUSCLES PULL ON THE HAIRS OF 03:04.784 --> 03:06.052 YOUR SKIN AND YOU GET GOOSEBUMPS. 03:06.052 --> 03:07.887 CARDIAC MUSCLES ARE ALSO INVOLUNTARY AND THEY EXIST ONLY 03:07.887 --> 03:09.856 IN YOUR HEART. 03:09.856 --> 03:12.625 AND UNLIKE OTHER MUSCLES, IT NEVER GETS TIRED. 03:12.625 --> 03:17.097 CARDIAC MUSCLES CONTRACT TO SQUEEZE BLOOD OUT OF YOUR HEART 03:17.097 --> 03:19.332 AND RELAX TO FILL YOUR HEART WITH BLOOD. 03:19.332 --> 03:21.067 YOU CAN INJURE YOUR MUSCLES. 03:21.067 --> 03:22.969 MUSCLE STRAINS HAPPEN WHEN MUSCLE FIBERS STRETCH TOO FAR 03:22.969 --> 03:25.171 OR TEAR. 03:25.171 --> 03:27.340 BUT WITH ICE AND REST, YOUR BODY CAN USUALLY HEAL ITSELF IN 03:27.340 --> 03:30.443 TIME. 03:30.443 --> 03:34.014 YOU CAN KEEP YOUR MUSCLES HEALTHY BY EATING RIGHT, LOTS 03:34.014 --> 03:36.716 OF VITAMINS, MINERALS AND PROTEIN, BY DRINKING WATER AND 03:36.716 --> 03:38.118 BY KEEPING YOUR MUSCLES STRONG. 03:38.118 --> 03:42.555 AND THE BEST WAY TO DO THAT IS TO EXERCISE. 03:42.555 --> 03:44.557 >> IF YOU DON'T EXERCISE, YOUR MUSCLES CAN SHRINK AND LOSE 03:44.557 --> 03:47.027 STRENGTH. 03:47.027 --> 03:53.466 SO GET ACTIVE EVERY DAY. 03:53.466 --> 03:57.904 >>> JOINING ME NOW TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT MUSCLES 03:57.904 --> 04:01.608 AND THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM IS DR. TONY JOSEPH, A MEMBER OF 04:01.608 --> 04:03.343 THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS, THE IDAHO ACADEMY 04:03.343 --> 04:04.878 OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS AND THE AMERICAN MEDICAL SOCIETY OF 04:04.878 --> 04:05.945 SPORTS MEDICINE. 04:05.945 --> 04:09.315 THANK YOU FOR JOINING US. 04:09.315 --> 04:12.519 >> IT'S GREAT TO BE HERE AND THIS IS A GREAT OPPORTUNITY FOR 04:12.519 --> 04:13.153 ME, AS WELL. 04:13.153 --> 04:19.426 >> OKAY, LET'S GO TO YOUR QUESTIONS. 04:19.426 --> 04:19.993 >> HI. 04:19.993 --> 04:22.529 MY NAME IS DEBORAH. 04:22.529 --> 04:26.332 AND MY QUESTION IS WHAT ARE MUSCLES MADE OF? 04:26.332 --> 04:30.904 >> MUSCLES ARE MADE OUT OF A SUBSTANCE CALLED PROTEIN AND 04:30.904 --> 04:38.111 PROTEIN IS WHAT MAKES UP THE MAKEUP OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE 04:38.111 --> 04:41.247 MUSCLE AND THAT'S WHAT HOLDS IT TOGETHER. 04:41.247 --> 04:42.716 >> MY NAME IS BETTY. 04:42.716 --> 04:48.822 AND MY QUESTION IS CAN YOU TRANSPLANT A MUSCLE? 04:48.822 --> 04:52.192 >> ONE OF THE MUSCLES YOU CAN TRANSPLANT AT THIS TIME, IS A 04:52.192 --> 04:55.829 HEART MUSCLE AND IT'S ONE ALMOST EVERY DAY AROUND THE 04:55.829 --> 05:00.967 WORLD AND THERE ARE VARIOUS PROGRAMS TO SAVE THE HEART, 05:00.967 --> 05:06.506 WHICH IS ONE BIG MUSCLE, AND TRANSPLANT IT INTO ANOTHER 05:06.506 --> 05:07.207 PERSON. 05:07.207 --> 05:09.576 >> HI, MY NAME IS AMY. 05:09.576 --> 05:15.482 AND I'M WONDERING HOW MANY MUSCLES DO WE HAVE IN OUR BODY? 05:15.482 --> 05:19.619 >> WE HAVE APPROXIMATELY 650 MUSCLES IN OUR BODY. 05:19.619 --> 05:27.694 >> HI, MY NAME IS KENDRA. 05:27.694 --> 05:34.067 MY QUESTION IS WHY DO MUSCLES HURT AFTER EXERCISE? 05:34.067 --> 05:38.638 >> WELL, THERE'S TWO REASONS WHY OUR MUSCLES HURT AFTER WE 05:38.638 --> 05:39.105 EXERCISE. 05:39.105 --> 05:43.009 IMMEDIATELY AFTER EXERCISE, OUR MUSCLES WILL ACCUMULATE A 05:43.009 --> 05:47.814 SUBSTANCE CALLED LACTIC ACID AND THAT LACTIC ACID, WHEN IT'S 05:47.814 --> 05:52.519 IN YOUR MUSCLES, WILL CAUSE YOUR MUSCLES TO BURN AND ACHE. 05:52.519 --> 05:56.656 THERE'S ALSO A DELAYED RESPONSE, ONE OR TWO CLAUSE 05:56.656 --> 06:02.462 LATER IF YOU NOTICE WHEN YOU RUN HARD, YOUR MUSCLES ACHE. 06:02.462 --> 06:06.399 THEY ACTUALLY BREAK DOWN AND IT TEARS THE CELLULAR STRUCTURE OF 06:06.399 --> 06:07.033 THE MUSCLES. 06:07.033 --> 06:11.671 THAT FORCES OR GIVES YOUR BODY STIMULUS TO MAKE A STRONGER 06:11.671 --> 06:16.976 MUSCLE AND IT WILL COME BACK THE NEXT TIME BEING STRONGER. 06:16.976 --> 06:20.680 >> REESE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW HOW COME WE SHIVER OR GET 06:20.680 --> 06:24.250 GOOSEBUMPS WHEN WE'RE COLD OR SCARED? 06:24.250 --> 06:29.422 >> WHAT WE HAVE IN OUR SKIN IS A SERIES OF INVOLUNTARY 06:29.422 --> 06:35.362 MUSCLES, MUSCLES THAT WE DON'T TELL TO CONTRACT. 06:35.362 --> 06:40.233 WHEN THESE MUSCLES CONTRACT, THEY PINCH UP OUR SKIN IN A 06:40.233 --> 06:45.538 METHOD THAT CREATES LITTLE BUMPS WE CALL GOOSEBUMPS OR 06:45.538 --> 06:48.274 GOOSEFLESH AND THOSE LITTLE BUMPS ARE A WAY OF TELLING OUR 06:48.274 --> 06:52.545 SKIN TO TAKE THAT BLOOD THAT NORMALLY GOES TO IT AND DIVERT 06:52.545 --> 06:57.450 IT BACK INTO OUR BODY AND THAT WAY WE CAN KEEP THAT WARM BLOOD 06:57.450 --> 07:00.120 INSIDE OF OURSELVES. 07:00.120 --> 07:07.027 WE ALSO SHIVER AS A WAY TO CONTRACT OUR MUSCLES. 07:07.027 --> 07:09.662 AGAIN, WE DON'T TELL OUR MUSCLES TO DO THAT. 07:09.662 --> 07:11.664 USUALLY, AFTER WE GET GOOSEBUMPS, WE'LL START 07:11.664 --> 07:17.137 SHIVERING AND THAT SHIVERING IS OUR MUSCLES GENERATING ENERGY. 07:17.137 --> 07:19.773 THAT ENERGY THAT THEY ALREADY HAVE STORED IN THEM TO CREATE 07:19.773 --> 07:25.412 MORE HEAT FOR OUR BODIES. 07:25.412 --> 07:26.413 >> HI. 07:26.413 --> 07:30.850 MY QUESTION IS WHAT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT MUSCLE IN YOUR BODY? 07:30.850 --> 07:34.621 >> WELL, THAT'S A MATTER OF OPINION AND IT DEPENDS ON 07:34.621 --> 07:37.891 CERTAIN PEOPLE'S OPINION ABOUT THAT. 07:37.891 --> 07:42.696 BUT I WOULD HAVE TO SAY THAT OUR HEART IS OUR MOST IMPORTANT 07:42.696 --> 07:46.366 MUSCLE BECAUSE WITHOUT THAT, IF IT STOPS FUNCTIONING, THEN WE 07:46.366 --> 07:49.102 STOP FUNCTIONING. 07:49.102 --> 07:53.907 SO I WOULD HANDS DOWN MY CHOICE WOULD BE THE HEART. 07:53.907 --> 07:58.845 >> HI, MY NAME IS TONY. 07:58.845 --> 08:02.115 MY QUESTION IS WHY IS EXERCISING IMPORTANT FOR THE 08:02.115 --> 08:03.650 HEALTHY MUSCLES? 08:03.650 --> 08:07.854 >> WELL, TONY, THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION BECAUSE A LOT OF 08:07.854 --> 08:13.927 PEOPLE DON'T SEE THE REASON FOR EXERCISE, BUT EXERCISE DOES 08:13.927 --> 08:17.964 SEVERAL THINGS: IT NOT ONLY STRENGTHENS THE MUSCLES OF YOUR 08:17.964 --> 08:21.835 WHOLE BODY AND HOLDS YOUR SKELETON TOGETHER BUT IT ALSO 08:21.835 --> 08:26.673 STRENGTHENS YOUR HEART AND YOUR HEART REQUIRES EXERCISE TO MAKE 08:26.673 --> 08:29.242 IT STRONGER THAN JUST EVERYDAY LIFE. 08:29.242 --> 08:33.580 SO IF SOMETHING HAPPENS TO YOU, IT CAN RESPOND TO THAT WITH 08:33.580 --> 08:34.881 MORE FORCE. 08:34.881 --> 08:39.052 WE NEED EXTRA FORCE IN OUR MUSCLES OF OUR BODY AND OUR 08:39.052 --> 08:43.690 HEART TO KEEP US GOING THROUGHOUT OUR LIFETIME. 08:43.690 --> 08:48.328 >> KYLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW ARE ALL MUSCLES MADE OF THE SAME 08:48.328 --> 08:48.695 THING? 08:48.695 --> 08:50.897 >> WELL, WE HAVE DIFFERENT MUSCLES IN OUR BODIES. 08:50.897 --> 08:54.534 IN OUR VOLUNTARY MUSCLES THEY ARE MADE OF THE SAME PROTEINS 08:54.534 --> 08:57.804 AND THE SAME STRUCTURAL MAKEUP. 08:57.804 --> 09:02.308 THE SAME HOLDS TRUE FOR OUR INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES, EITHER IN 09:02.308 --> 09:04.911 THE SMOOTH OR CARDIAC MUSCLES. 09:04.911 --> 09:09.382 THEY'RE MADE UP OF -- THEY ARE A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT IN THEIR 09:09.382 --> 09:14.954 STRUCTURE, BUT ALL OF THOSE CATEGORIES OF MUSCLES HAVE THE 09:14.954 --> 09:16.923 SAME SUBSTANCE. 09:16.923 --> 09:20.460 >> HELLO, MY NAME IS JENNIFER. 09:20.460 --> 09:24.130 AND MY QUESTION IS WHAT IS THE BIGGEST MUSCLE? 09:24.130 --> 09:25.832 >> JENNIFER, THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 09:25.832 --> 09:29.669 THE THICKEST MUSCLE IN THE BODY IS THE GLUTEUS MAXIMUS. 09:29.669 --> 09:32.939 THAT IS THE MUSCLE THAT'S BEHIND YOU, YOUR BOTTOM, OR 09:32.939 --> 09:36.876 YOUR BUTT AND IT'S SOMETHING YOU SIT ON BUT IT'S ALSO A VERY 09:36.876 --> 09:40.947 POWERFUL MUSCLE USED FOR RUNNING, JUMPING AND A LOT OF 09:40.947 --> 09:44.617 THE ACTIVITIES THAT YOU DO TO CONTROL YOUR LEGS. 09:44.617 --> 09:47.620 >> HI, MY NAME IS JADEN. 09:47.620 --> 09:52.726 AND MY QUESTION IS DO MUSCLES HAVE FLUIDS IN THEM? 09:52.726 --> 09:54.527 >> MUSCLES HAVE FLUID IN THEM. 09:54.527 --> 09:58.898 THEY HAVE A VERY LARGE BLOOD SUPPLY, WHICH THE MAJORITY OF 09:58.898 --> 10:03.336 FLOOD IS FLUID AND WITHIN THE STRUCTURE OF MUSCLE WE HAVE 10:03.336 --> 10:10.744 WATER, WATER HELPS CARRY SOME OF THE CALCIUM AND OTHER 10:10.744 --> 10:20.253 SUBSTANCES THAT HELP THE MUSCLES FUNCTION AND CONTRACT. 10:20.253 --> 10:22.889 >> THE SMALLEST MUSCLE IN YOUR BODY IS IN YOUR EAR. 10:22.889 --> 10:26.092 IT'S SMALLER THAN A GRAIN OF RICE AND MOVES SMALL BONES THAT 10:26.092 --> 10:26.926 HELP YOU HEAR. 10:26.926 --> 10:29.295 THE LONGEST MUSCLES ARE IN YOUR LEGS. 10:29.295 --> 10:31.998 THEY STRETCH FROM YOUR HIPS TO THE INSIDE OF YOUR KNEES. 10:31.998 --> 10:40.774 BY THE WAY, MUSCLES NEVER PUSH BODY PARTS, THEY ALWAYS PULL. 10:40.774 --> 10:43.843 >> HI, MY NAME IS ISABELLA. 10:43.843 --> 10:47.113 AND MY QUESTION IS DO BOYS DEVELOP MORE MUSCLES THAN GIRLS 10:47.113 --> 10:50.750 AND, IF SO, THEN WHY? 10:50.750 --> 10:55.755 >> FOR MUSCLES, THE SAME NUMBER OF MUSCLES DEVELOP IN GIRLS AS 10:55.755 --> 10:56.389 BOYS. 10:56.389 --> 11:02.162 BOYS JUST TEND TO GET BIGGER MUSCLES BECAUSE THEY HAVE MORE 11:02.162 --> 11:05.799 OF A HORMONE CALLED TESTOSTERONE AND TESTOSTERONE 11:05.799 --> 11:10.270 TENDS TO MAKE BOYS' MUSCLES BIGGER BUT WOMEN HAVE IT AS 11:10.270 --> 11:15.542 WELL AND CAN DEVELOP MUSCLES EQUALLY IN THE SAME NUMBER AS 11:15.542 --> 11:15.909 MEN. 11:15.909 --> 11:20.347 >> COLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW WHAT KEEPS OUR MUSCLES IN PLACE? 11:20.347 --> 11:23.116 >> WELL, THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION, COLE, BECAUSE THERE'S 11:23.116 --> 11:25.285 SEVERAL THINGS THAT KEEP IT IN PLACE. 11:25.285 --> 11:31.925 WE HAVE A SERIES OF MEMBRANES THAT GO AROUND THE MUSCLES THAT 11:31.925 --> 11:35.528 HOLD IT AND KEEP ITS SHAPE OR FORM. 11:35.528 --> 11:39.566 SOME OF THE FORMS ARE FLAT, SOME OF THEM ARE MORE OF A 11:39.566 --> 11:44.371 FEATHER OR WHAT WE CALL A PENNATE STRUCTURE ON EITHER END 11:44.371 --> 11:48.274 IT'S ANCHORED TO A BONE, EITHER THROUGH A TENDON OR ANOTHER 11:48.274 --> 11:55.115 ATTACHMENT POINT AND THAT GIVES IT ITS RESTING SHAPE. 11:55.115 --> 11:57.484 >> HELLO, MY NAME IS JACKSON. 11:57.484 --> 12:02.155 AND MY QUESTION IS HOW CAN YOU KEEP YOUR MUSCLES HEALTHY? 12:02.155 --> 12:05.425 >> ONE OF THE THINGS TO KEEP YOUR MUSCLES HEALTHY IS TO 12:05.425 --> 12:05.792 EXERCISE. 12:05.792 --> 12:11.331 IF YOU EXERCISE EVERY DAY, EITHER BY TWO DIFFERENT TYPES 12:11.331 --> 12:17.637 OF EXERCISES, LIFTING WEIGHTS OR RUNNING OR SOME SORT OF 12:17.637 --> 12:20.807 SPORTING ACTIVITY, YOUR MUSCLES WILL STAY STRONG AND HEALTHY 12:20.807 --> 12:24.277 AND KEEP THEM FROM TEARING. 12:24.277 --> 12:29.249 >> HI, MY NAME IS LUKE. 12:29.249 --> 12:33.453 MY QUESTION IS WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FAST TWITCH 12:33.453 --> 12:36.456 MUSCLES AND SLOW TWITCH MUSCLES? 12:36.456 --> 12:39.826 >> OUR BODY HAS TWO TYPES OF VOLUNTARY MUSCLES. 12:39.826 --> 12:46.032 SLOW TWITCH MUSCLES ARE MOSTLY THE MUSCLES THAT WE USE EVERY 12:46.032 --> 12:53.907 DAY TO WALK, TO DO MOVEMENTS THAT DON'T REQUIRE WHAT I WOULD 12:53.907 --> 12:56.109 CALL EXPLOSIVE ENERGY. 12:56.109 --> 13:01.881 IF YOU JOG AT A VERY SLOW RATE, YOU USE SLOW TWITCH MUSCLES. 13:01.881 --> 13:06.052 THEY HAVE A LOT MORE BLOOD FLOWING TO THEM AND CAN USE 13:06.052 --> 13:07.687 ENERGY VERY SLOWLY. 13:07.687 --> 13:11.891 FAST TWITCH MUSCLES ARE USED WHEN YOU'RE FORCED TO SPRINT OR 13:11.891 --> 13:18.264 RUN AND THOSE MUSCLES HAVE A SYSTEM WHERE THEY USE ENERGY 13:18.264 --> 13:24.337 VERY QUICKLY AND STORE ENERGY SO THAT YOU CAN TAKE OFF VERY 13:24.337 --> 13:24.738 FAST. 13:24.738 --> 13:30.076 >> MORGAN WOULD LIKE TO KNOW HOW STRONG CAN YOUR MUSCLES BE? 13:30.076 --> 13:33.246 >> WELL, THERE ARE CERTAIN LIMITATIONS TO HOW STRONG OUR 13:33.246 --> 13:34.014 MUSCLES CAN BE. 13:34.014 --> 13:37.617 OUR MUSCLES CAN BE ONLY AS STRONG AS THE TENDONS THAT HOLD 13:37.617 --> 13:38.351 THEM TOGETHER. 13:38.351 --> 13:44.190 IF OUR MUSCLES BECOME STRONGER THAN OUR TENDONS, THEN THEY 13:44.190 --> 13:47.527 WILL PULL OR TEAR OUR TENDONS OFF OUR BONES. 13:47.527 --> 13:51.998 SO THEY CAN BE STRONG TO A CERTAIN EXTENT BUT WE'VE FOUND 13:51.998 --> 13:55.568 OUT THROUGH RESEARCH THAT A LOT OF THE RESEARCH IS CATTLE OR 13:55.568 --> 14:03.243 COWS, THAT WE CAN MAKE MUSCLES STRONGER THAN WE REALIZE, EVEN 14:03.243 --> 14:04.310 10, 20 YEARS AGO. 14:04.310 --> 14:07.714 SO THE LIMITS OF A MUSCLE'S STRENGTH ARE STILL BEING 14:07.714 --> 14:10.884 REALIZED AT THIS POINT IN TIME. 14:10.884 --> 14:15.321 BUT IT WON'T BE INFINITE. 14:15.321 --> 14:17.691 IT WILL BE THE LIMITATIONS OF THE SCHEDULEICAL SYSTEM AND 14:17.691 --> 14:20.527 WHAT CAN HOLD US TOGETHER. 14:20.527 --> 14:25.432 >> MY NAME IS LIN. 14:25.432 --> 14:29.536 MY QUESTION IS HOW DO INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES DO WHAT 14:29.536 --> 14:30.503 THEY DO? 14:30.503 --> 14:32.639 >> THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION. 14:32.639 --> 14:35.542 THE INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES ARE CONNECTED TO YOUR NERVOUS 14:35.542 --> 14:42.916 SYSTEM AND TO YOUR BRAIN AND, FOR EXAMPLE, WITH YOUR HEART, 14:42.916 --> 14:46.519 THE MUSCLES HAVE A SET OF PACEMAKERS THAT MOVE THE 14:46.519 --> 14:49.656 MUSCLES AT A SET AMOUNT OF TIME. 14:49.656 --> 14:54.661 WHEN YOU EAT, THE SMOOTH MUSCLES OF YOUR ESOPHAGUS AND 14:54.661 --> 14:58.198 STOMACH KNOW THAT IT'S TIME TO CONTRACT THROUGH FEEDBACK 14:58.198 --> 15:00.867 MECHANISMS TO YOUR BRAIN. 15:00.867 --> 15:04.404 >> HI, MY NAME IS STEPHEN. 15:04.404 --> 15:08.842 MY QUESTION IS HOW DO MUSCLES WORK? 15:08.842 --> 15:14.247 >> MUSCLES WORK TOGETHER SORT OF A TEAMWORK APPROACH, WHILE 15:14.247 --> 15:17.417 ONE MUSCLE PULLS, THE OTHER ONE PUSHES. 15:17.417 --> 15:19.319 THAT IS THEY GO OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. 15:19.319 --> 15:26.626 THAT WAY, YOUR BODY ISN'T LOOSE AND FLOPPY AND WE HAVE MUSCLES 15:26.626 --> 15:30.363 THAT WORK TOGETHER, THAT IS ONE MUSCLE KNOWS WHAT THE OTHER 15:30.363 --> 15:35.869 MUSCLE IS DOING AND SO WE BALANCE THESE MUSCLES OUT 15:35.869 --> 15:37.904 THROUGHOUT OUR BODIES. 15:37.904 --> 15:40.874 >> CARL WOULD LIKE TO KNOW HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE FOR MUSCLES 15:40.874 --> 15:43.910 TO GROW STRONGER? 15:43.910 --> 15:47.714 >> ALL RIGHT, FOR OUR MUSCLES TO GROW STRONGER, WE TYPICALLY, 15:47.714 --> 15:50.550 IF WE WANT TO MAKE THEM STRONGER, FOR EXAMPLE, LIFTING 15:50.550 --> 15:56.256 HEAVIER OBJECTS OR WEIGHTS, IF WE WERE IN ANCIENT GREECE, WE 15:56.256 --> 16:00.393 WOULD BE LIFTING CALVES OR COWS, THAT'S HOW THEY GOT 16:00.393 --> 16:04.230 STRONGER, AND IT TAKES ONE TO TWO DAYS TO GET A RESPONSE FROM 16:04.230 --> 16:08.468 OUR MUSCLES AFTER THEY BREAK DOWN TO TELL THEM TO GROW. 16:08.468 --> 16:13.673 AND AFTER THAT, IT TAKES ONE TO TWO WEEKS FOR THOSE MUSCLES TO 16:13.673 --> 16:18.044 GROW STRONGER. 16:18.044 --> 16:21.047 >> YOU HAVE ONE MUSCLE IN YOUR BODY THAT'S LIKE NO OTHER. 16:21.047 --> 16:22.048 IT'S YOUR HEART. 16:22.048 --> 16:25.885 SO LET'S LEARN A LITTLE BIT MORE. 16:25.885 --> 16:28.355 >> TUCKED SAFELY WITHIN YOUR CHEST IS YOUR HEART. 16:28.355 --> 16:31.725 IT'S ACTUALLY A MUSCLE, ABOUT THE SIZE OF YOUR FIST AND WITH 16:31.725 --> 16:35.895 EVERY SQUEEZE, YOUR HEART FILLS WITH BLOOD AND THEN EMPTIES 16:35.895 --> 16:36.262 OUT. 16:36.262 --> 16:40.000 THAT POUNDING YOU FEEL IS CALLED THE HEARTBEAT. 16:40.000 --> 16:43.503 PUT YOUR HAND ON THE SIDE OF YOUR NECK OR RIGHT UNDERNEATH 16:43.503 --> 16:45.538 YOUR WRIST AND YOU CAN FEEL IT BEATING. 16:45.538 --> 16:49.342 IT BEATS EVERY MINUTE, EVERY DAY AND NIGHT, NO MATTER WHAT 16:49.342 --> 16:50.443 YOU'RE DOING. 16:50.443 --> 16:54.547 THE HEART SENDS BLOOD THROUGHOUT YOUR ENTIRE BODY AND 16:54.547 --> 16:59.052 IT'S NO SMALL TASK, PUMPING BLOOD TO AND FROM EVERY VEIN 16:59.052 --> 17:00.387 AND BLOOD VESSELS. 17:00.387 --> 17:03.857 IF YOUR BLOOD VESSELS WERE STRETCHED END TO END, THEY 17:03.857 --> 17:05.558 WOULD CIRCLE THE GLOBE THREE TIMES. 17:05.558 --> 17:08.561 IN A GROWNUP, A HEART BEATS ABOUT 70 TIMES A MINUTE. 17:08.561 --> 17:12.198 IN AN 8-YEAR-OLD, IT'S ABOUT 90 BEATS A MINUTE. 17:12.198 --> 17:17.504 AND IN A NEWBORN BABY, THE HEART BEATS AROUND 140 BEATS 17:17.504 --> 17:18.505 PER MINUTE. 17:18.505 --> 17:22.042 WHEN YOU KICK UP A STORM AT TAI KWAN DO OR RUN HARD WITH YOUR 17:22.042 --> 17:25.412 FRIENDS AT A PLAYGROUND, YOUR HEART PUMPS FASTER AND PUMPS 17:25.412 --> 17:29.315 MORE BLOOD TO FEED OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS TO YOUR MUSCLES. 17:29.315 --> 17:31.885 WHEN YOU'RE SITTING STILL OR READ, IT DOESN'T PUMP AS HARD. 17:31.885 --> 17:34.421 SO HOW DOES IT KNOW WHEN YOU'RE CHANGING GEARS? 17:34.421 --> 17:38.158 YOUR HEART IS KIND OF LIKE A SMALL, EFFICIENT POWER PLANT. 17:38.158 --> 17:40.427 IT'S CONSTANTLY AWARE OF WHAT THE REST OF YOUR BODY IS DOING 17:40.427 --> 17:43.363 AND WHAT ENERGY YOU NEED TO KICK INTO ACTION. 17:43.363 --> 17:46.232 YOUR HEART DOES THAT BY GENERATING AN ELECTRICAL 17:46.232 --> 17:46.633 IMPULSE. 17:46.633 --> 17:49.069 IT SENDS SIGNALS ALL OVER YOUR BODY, EVERYTHING FROM YOUR 17:49.069 --> 17:54.341 FINGERS TO YOUR TOES GETS A ZAP OF ENERGY NEEDED TO GET GOING. 17:54.341 --> 17:58.378 KEEPING YOUR HEART HEALTHY IS IMPORTANT TO STAYING HEALTHY. 17:58.378 --> 18:01.281 SOMETIMES, PARTS OF THE HEART CAN GET CLOGGED, THAT'S THE 18:01.281 --> 18:03.049 SIGN OF A VERY SERIOUS ILLNESS. 18:03.049 --> 18:06.052 IT'S CALLED CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. 18:06.052 --> 18:09.189 AND IT'S THE NUMBER ONE CAUSE OF DEATH IN THIS COUNTRY. 18:09.189 --> 18:11.758 SO HOW DO YOU KEEP THAT FROM HAPPENING? 18:11.758 --> 18:13.960 WELL, YOU CAN START BY EATING HEALTHY FOODS. 18:13.960 --> 18:16.196 DOCTORS ENCOURAGE CHILDREN TO START GOOD EATING HABITS WHEN 18:16.196 --> 18:19.666 THEY'RE YOUNG AND KEEP GOOD HABITS AS THEY GET OLDER. 18:19.666 --> 18:22.769 ANOTHER GOOD WAY TO DEEP YOUR HEART BEATING STRONG IS TO GET 18:22.769 --> 18:24.037 PLENTY OF EXERCISE. 18:24.037 --> 18:26.973 RUNNING AROUND WITH FRIENDS, JUMPING ROPE, ANYTHING THAT 18:26.973 --> 18:28.141 KEEPS YOU MOVING. 18:28.141 --> 18:31.678 THOSE ARE THE BEST WAYS TO MAKE SURE YOUR HEART MUSCLES KEEP 18:31.678 --> 18:40.320 PUMPING AND YOU STAY HEART HEALTHY YOUR WHOLE LIFE. 18:40.320 --> 18:44.424 >> MY NAME IS HUNTER. 18:44.424 --> 18:47.794 MY QUESTION IS IS THERE ANY PART OF OUR BODY THAT DOESN'T 18:47.794 --> 18:49.696 HAVE MUSCLE? 18:49.696 --> 18:58.638 >> WELL, IN OUR BODY, AS FAR AS MOVEMENT AND OTHER FUNCTIONS, 18:58.638 --> 19:02.909 MUSCLES ARE A PART OF ALMOST EVERY PART OF OUR BODY AND 19:02.909 --> 19:06.913 THERE'S LITERALLY NO PART OF OUR BODY THAT ISN'T CONNECTED 19:06.913 --> 19:10.216 TO A MUSCLE IN SOME FASHION. 19:10.216 --> 19:13.119 >> MARK WOULD LIKE TO KNOW ARE MUSCLES RED BECAUSE OF THE 19:13.119 --> 19:16.222 BLOOD THAT RUNS THROUGH THEM? 19:16.222 --> 19:18.591 >> WELL, THERE'S SEVERAL THINGS THAT MAKE MUSCLES RED. 19:18.591 --> 19:21.861 ONE IS THE BLOOD THAT RUNS THROUGH THEM. 19:21.861 --> 19:27.500 THE OTHER THING THAT MAKES MUSCLES RED IS A SUBSTANCE 19:27.500 --> 19:36.076 CALLED MYOGLOBIN AND IT GIVES MUSCLES THAT REDDISH COLOR. 19:36.076 --> 19:40.213 MUSCLES THAT HAVE MORE OF THE BLOOD VESSELS AND THE MYOGLOBIN 19:40.213 --> 19:42.782 LOOK REDDER THAN OTHERS. 19:42.782 --> 19:47.987 THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ON A CHICKEN, BREAST MEAT AND THIGH 19:47.987 --> 19:52.325 MEAT, THE THIGH MEAT HAS MORE OF THOSE SUBSTANCES. 19:52.325 --> 19:56.329 >> WHAT IS THE MOST POWERFUL MUSCLE IN THE HUMAN BODY? 19:56.329 --> 20:01.868 >> THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION, AND IT'S NOT WHAT YOU THINK 20:01.868 --> 20:05.705 IT'S GOING TO BE BECAUSE IF WE LOOK AT THE TWO TYPES OF 20:05.705 --> 20:09.709 MUSCLES, VOLUNTARY AND INVOLUNTARY, IN THE WORLD OF 20:09.709 --> 20:15.081 INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES, THE MOST POWERFUL MUSCLE IN THAT WORLD 20:15.081 --> 20:18.351 IS OUR HEART AND THAT MAKES SENSE BECAUSE IT'S BEATING ALL 20:18.351 --> 20:22.522 THE TIME, IT HAS TO FORCE BLOOD AND MOVE BLOOD THROUGHOUT YOUR 20:22.522 --> 20:23.923 WHOLE BODY. 20:23.923 --> 20:27.994 THE MOST POWERFUL VOLUNTARY MUSCLE IN YOUR BODY IS NOT WHAT 20:27.994 --> 20:29.396 YOU THINK IT WOULD BE. 20:29.396 --> 20:32.565 I WOULD THINK IT WOULD BE YOUR THIGH MUSCLE BUT IT IS ACTUALLY 20:32.565 --> 20:38.104 OUR TONGUE AND OUR TONGUE CONTROLS SPEECH AND OTHER 20:38.104 --> 20:42.575 THINGS, SUCH AS EATING AND IT IS THE MOST POWERFUL MUSCLE IN 20:42.575 --> 20:43.677 OUR BODY. 20:43.677 --> 20:47.681 >> DANNY WOULD LIKE TO KNOW HOW MANY MUSCLES ARE IN THE HEART? 20:47.681 --> 20:51.117 >> WELL, IT WOULD SEEM LIKE THE HEART WOULD BE DIVIDED INTO 20:51.117 --> 20:54.287 DIFFERENT MUSCLES OR MUSCLE GROUPS BUT ACTUALLY THE HEART 20:54.287 --> 20:55.388 IS ONE BIG MUSCLE. 20:55.388 --> 20:59.059 IT WORKS TOGETHER TO PUMP THE BLOOD EITHER THROUGH THE RIGHT 20:59.059 --> 21:03.730 SIDE OR THE LEFT SIDE BUT ALL THOSE WORK TOGETHER, EVEN 21:03.730 --> 21:10.637 THOUGH THEY CONTRACT AT DIFFERENT TIMES AS ONE BIG 21:10.637 --> 21:11.538 MUSCLE. 21:11.538 --> 21:11.905 >> HI. 21:11.905 --> 21:15.709 WE HAVE BEEN READING ABOUT OUR BODY HAVING MUSCLES. 21:15.709 --> 21:18.712 MY QUESTION IS DO WE HAVE ROUGH MUSCLES? 21:18.712 --> 21:21.381 >> WE DO NOT HAVE ROUGH MUSCLES. 21:21.381 --> 21:26.286 WE HAVE SMOOTH MUSCLES THAT CONTROL A LOT OF THE FUNCTIONS 21:26.286 --> 21:29.556 OF OUR BODY THAT WE DON'T HAVE TO THINK ABOUT. 21:29.556 --> 21:33.026 THEY'RE INVOLUNTARY SUCH AS SWALLOWING, YOUR STOMACH AND 21:33.026 --> 21:36.296 OTHER FUNCTIONS INSIDE YOUR BODY. 21:36.296 --> 21:40.567 >> AVA WOULD LIKE TO KNOW CAN MUSCLES POP? 21:40.567 --> 21:46.573 >> WELL, WHEN MUSCLES POP, THAT POP IS USUALLY A BAD SIGN, 21:46.573 --> 21:50.844 THAT'S USUALLY THE MUSCLE TEARING OR STRAINING AND A LOT 21:50.844 --> 21:54.214 OF PEOPLE WHEN THEY POP A MUSCLE, THEY'LL COME INTO MY 21:54.214 --> 21:58.318 OFFICE AND SAY I FELT MY MUSCLE AND MY CALF POP, THAT WAS THAT 21:58.318 --> 22:03.790 MUSCLE TEARING OR STRAINING. 22:03.790 --> 22:05.058 >> HELLO. 22:05.058 --> 22:10.530 MY QUESTION IS WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF WE HAD NO SKELETAL 22:10.530 --> 22:10.964 MUSCLES? 22:10.964 --> 22:13.800 >> WELL, MOSES IF WE HAD NO SKELETAL MUSCLES, THAT'S A 22:13.800 --> 22:19.172 FUNNY QUESTION BECAUSE IF WE HAD NO SKELETAL MUSCLES, WE 22:19.172 --> 22:22.275 WOULD FALL TO THE GROUND IN A CRUMPLE OF BONES AND ORGANS AND 22:22.275 --> 22:27.447 WE WOULDN'T BE ABLE TO MOVE AND SO LIFE AS WE KNOW IT WOULD NOT 22:27.447 --> 22:28.815 BE THE SAME. 22:28.815 --> 22:35.021 >> HELLO, MY NAME IS KATIE FROM VALLEY VIEW ELEMENTARY. 22:35.021 --> 22:37.657 MY QUESTION IS WHEN YOU WORK OUT, HOW DOES IT MAKE YOUR 22:37.657 --> 22:38.725 MUSCLES STRONGER? 22:38.725 --> 22:43.663 >> WHEN WE WORK OUT, OUR MUSCLES WILL BREAK DOWN A 22:43.663 --> 22:45.765 LITTLE BIT EACH TIME WE WORK OUT. 22:45.765 --> 22:49.302 FOR EXAMPLE, IF YOU LIFT WEIGHTS, THE NEXT DAY YOU MAY 22:49.302 --> 22:51.771 BE SORE. 22:51.771 --> 22:53.573 THAT SORENESS IS THE MUSCLE BREAKING DOWN. 22:53.573 --> 22:58.244 WITH THAT, THERE'S A SIGNAL BACK TO YOUR BODY THAT YOUR 22:58.244 --> 23:02.048 MUSCLES WILL START GETTING BIGGER AND STRONGER. 23:02.048 --> 23:05.418 IT WILL STIMULATE YOUR MUSCLES TO GROW AND THAT CAN OCCUR 23:05.418 --> 23:08.888 THROUGHOUT YOUR LIFETIME. 23:08.888 --> 23:14.060 >> WHAT DO MUSCLES DO? 23:14.060 --> 23:19.432 >> WELL, MUSCLES DO FUNCTIONS IN A DIFFERENT WAY THAN WE 23:19.432 --> 23:24.270 THINK OF BECAUSE MUSCLES WILL WORK VOLUNTARILY FOR US, 23:24.270 --> 23:27.907 THEY'LL MOVE OUR BODIES SO THAT WE CAN GO FROM ONE END OF OUR 23:27.907 --> 23:31.745 HOUSE TO THE OTHER, BUT WHILE YOU'RE THINKING ABOUT THE FACT 23:31.745 --> 23:35.915 THAT YOU WANT TO GO GET A GLASS OF MILK FROM THE REFRIGERATOR, 23:35.915 --> 23:39.819 OUR INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES ARE PREPARING FOR THAT GLASS OF 23:39.819 --> 23:44.357 MILK BY HELPING US SWALLOW THAT DOWN AND YOU DON'T EVEN HAVE TO 23:44.357 --> 23:46.026 THINK ABOUT THAT. 23:46.026 --> 23:50.563 AND MEANWHILE, YOUR HEART IS PUMPING TO MOVE BLOOD THROUGH 23:50.563 --> 23:54.768 YOUR BODY TO ALLOW YOUR MUSCLES TO WORK AND/OR YOUR STOMACH OR 23:54.768 --> 23:58.138 YOUR ESOPHAGUS TO DRINK THAT MILK. 23:58.138 --> 24:02.676 SO THERE ARE A LOT OF THINGS BEHIND THE SCENES THAT HELP 24:02.676 --> 24:04.611 THEM KEEP US FUNCTIONING. 24:04.611 --> 24:09.249 >> HI, MY NAME IS QUINN. 24:09.249 --> 24:12.519 MY QUESTION IS HOW MANY QUESTIONS IS HOW MANY MUSCLES 24:12.519 --> 24:14.688 DOES A FROG HAVE? 24:14.688 --> 24:16.790 >> ALL LIVING CREATURES HAVE MUSCLES AND THEY REQUIRE THOSE 24:16.790 --> 24:17.624 MUSCLES TO MOVE. 24:17.624 --> 24:21.895 THE FROG HAS 126 MUSCLES. 24:21.895 --> 24:26.599 BUT FROM MY EXPERIENCE WITH MY PET FROG, I KNOW THAT MOST OF 24:26.599 --> 24:29.602 THOSE MUSCLES, AT LEAST THE STRONGEST ONES ARE GOING TO BE 24:29.602 --> 24:31.171 IN THE LEG. 24:31.171 --> 24:34.741 >> ALISON WOULD LIKE TO KNOW HOW ARE OUR MUSCLES CONNECTED 24:34.741 --> 24:38.345 TO OUR BRAIN SO THAT THEY CAN MOVE? 24:38.345 --> 24:40.980 >> WELL, OUR MUSCLES ARE CONNECTED TO OUR BRAIN THROUGH 24:40.980 --> 24:44.918 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND NERVES THAT COME OUT OF OUR BRAIN WILL 24:44.918 --> 24:46.820 TELL OUR MUSCLES HOW TO MOVE. 24:46.820 --> 24:53.660 THERE'S A SERIES OF NERVES, NOT UNLIKE TELEPHONE WIRES OR 24:53.660 --> 24:58.865 ELECTRICAL WIRES THAT GO INTO OUR HOUSE, AND THEY WILL SEND A 24:58.865 --> 25:01.401 SIGNAL FROM THE BRAIN DOWN TO THE MUSCLES TO TELL IT TO 25:01.401 --> 25:04.304 CONTRACT OR TO MOVE. 25:04.304 --> 25:08.508 >> BEFORE WE RUN OUT OF TIME, WHY DID YOU DECIDE TO BECOME A 25:08.508 --> 25:11.411 DOCTOR WHO STUDIES MUSCLES? 25:11.411 --> 25:15.315 >> WELL, WHEN I WAS PLAYING SPORTS IN HIGH SCHOOL, I WAS 25:15.315 --> 25:20.320 FASCINATED BY HOW OUR BODIES GOT STRONGER AND HOW WE COULD 25:20.320 --> 25:23.323 IMPROVE OUR PERFORMANCE THROUGH EXERCISE, AND THEN WHEN I WENT 25:23.323 --> 25:31.331 TO MEDICAL SCHOOL, I MET A CARDIOLOGIST WHO JUST WORKED ON 25:31.331 --> 25:34.501 EXERCISE AND HE DID RESEARCH ON IT AND I BECAME FASCINATED WITH 25:34.501 --> 25:38.171 IT AND AT SOME POINT I THOUGHT ABOUT BEING A CARDIOLOGIST BUT 25:38.171 --> 25:41.274 AT THAT TIME, THEY HAD CREATED A NEW SPECIALTY CALLED SPORTS 25:41.274 --> 25:45.178 MEDICINE AND THAT ENTAILED ALL THE THINGS I WANTED TO DO, 25:45.178 --> 25:49.349 TREATING ATHLETES AND SEEING INJURIES TO ATHLETES ON THE 25:49.349 --> 25:55.555 FIELD AND HOW I COULD NOT ONLY IMPROVE OR HELP THEM RETURN TO 25:55.555 --> 26:01.127 ACTIVITY FASTER AND SAFER BUT ALSO HELP PREVENT INJURIES 26:01.127 --> 26:04.864 BEFORE THEY EVEN HURT THEMSELVES. 26:04.864 --> 26:10.837 SO IT WAS A GOOD FIT FOR ME. 26:10.837 --> 26:14.307 >> AND IF SOMEONE IS INTERESTED IN WORKING WITH MUSCLES LIVING, 26:14.307 --> 26:15.975 WHAT SHOULD THEY STUDY IN SCHOOL? 26:15.975 --> 26:20.347 >> IT STARTS WITH THE BASICS, YOU HAVE TO STUDY ALL THE 26:20.347 --> 26:24.317 FACTORS AND ALL THE PROGRAMS THAT GO INTO MEDICINE OR 26:24.317 --> 26:29.422 BIOLOGY AND THAT WOULD START WITH MATH AND SOME OF YOUR 26:29.422 --> 26:30.156 BASIC SCIENCE. 26:30.156 --> 26:36.062 WITH MATH, YOU LEARN HOW TO DO SOME OF THE -- OR SOLVE SOME OF 26:36.062 --> 26:40.333 THE PROBLEMS THAT GO ALONG WITH MEDICINE AND YOU USE IT EVERY 26:40.333 --> 26:40.700 DAY. 26:40.700 --> 26:43.903 I USE IT EVERY DAY IN MY PRACTICE. 26:43.903 --> 26:48.641 AND SO YOU HAVE TO START HAVING A PASSION OR AN INTEREST FOR 26:48.641 --> 26:53.546 THOSE BASIC STUDIES AND CARRY THAT ON THROUGH HIGH SCHOOL, 26:53.546 --> 26:57.350 COLLEGE AND GRADUATE STUDIES IF THAT'S WHAT YOU WANT TO DO. 26:57.350 --> 27:00.553 >> THANK YOU, DOCTOR BUT I'M SORRY WE'VE RUN OUT OF TIME. 27:00.553 --> 27:02.288 I APPRECIATE YOU JOINING US TODAY. 27:02.288 --> 27:04.591 >> IT'S BEEN A GREAT OPPORTUNITY FOR ME AS WELL AND 27:04.591 --> 27:06.593 I HOPE ALL THE CHILDREN OUT THERE HAVE LEARNED A LOT MORE 27:06.593 --> 27:08.928 ABOUT MUSCLES TODAY. 27:08.928 --> 27:10.230 >> AND OUR THANKS TO THE FOLKS HERE AT THE PORTNEUF MEDICAL 27:10.230 --> 27:13.867 CENTER FOR HOSTING US. 27:13.867 --> 27:16.603 YOU CAN LEARN LOTS MORE ABOUT MUSCLES AND THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM 27:16.603 --> 27:18.505 AND LOTS OF SCIENTIFIC TOPICS ON THE SCIENCE TREK WEB SITE. 27:18.505 --> 27:20.573 AND WE'LL ANSWER MORE QUESTIONS ABOUT MUSCLES ON THE "SCIENCE 27:20.573 --> 27:22.075 TREK: THE WEB SHOW." 27:22.075 --> 27:24.878 AND IF YOU WANT TO SUBMIT A QUESTION FOR "SCIENCE TREK," 27:24.878 --> 27:27.981 IT'S EASY, AND YOU AND YOUR CLASS CAN WIN PRIZES. 27:27.981 --> 27:29.883 YOU CAN SEND IT AS AN EMAIL OR AS A VIDEO QUESTION. 27:29.883 --> 27:33.887 RECORD IT ON YOUR WEBCAM OR CELL PHONE. 27:33.887 --> 27:36.056 AND IF YOU'RE AN EDUCATOR, WE LEND YOU A CAMERA. 27:36.056 --> 27:39.259 OUR LAST PRIZE WINNER WAS BROCK IN AMY PETERSON'S CLASS AT 27:39.259 --> 27:40.627 OWYHEE HARBOR SCHOOL IN BOISE. 27:40.627 --> 27:42.729 SO TO FIND OUT ALL ABOUT MUSCLES AND THE MUSCULAR 27:42.729 --> 27:46.166 SYSTEM, HOW TO SEND IN YOUR QUESTIONS AND HOW TO WIN, GO TO 27:46.166 --> 27:47.801 THE "SCIENCE TREK" WEBSITE. 27:47.801 --> 27:49.502 AND EACH WEEK, CHECK OUT MY BLOG FOR THE LATEST SCIENCE 27:49.502 --> 27:51.905 NEWS FOR KIDS. 27:51.905 --> 27:55.709 YOU'LL FIND IT ALL AT IDAHOPTV.ORG/SCIENCETREK. 27:55.709 --> 27:57.277 THANKS FOR JOINING US. 27:57.277 --> 28:03.817 WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME ON "SCIENCE TREK." 28:03.817 --> 28:15.028 * * 28:23.403 --> 28:24.504 >>> PRESENTATION OF "SCIENCE TREK" ON IDAHO PUBLIC 28:24.504 --> 28:26.773 TELEVISION IS MADE POSSIBLE THROUGH THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF 28:26.773 --> 28:28.775 THE LAURA MOORE CUNNINGHAM FOUNDATION, COMMITTED TO 28:28.775 --> 28:30.977 FULFILLING THE MOORE FAMILY LEGACY OF BUILDING THE GREAT 28:30.977 --> 28:32.979 STATE OF IDAHO. 28:40.487 --> 28:41.788 >>> IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS TOPIC OR WATCH OUR 28:41.788 --> 28:43.323 VIDEOS, CHECK OUT THE "SCIENCE