WEBVTT 00:06.166 --> 00:07.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> PRESENTATION OF SCIENCE TREK ON IDAHO PUBLIC TELEVISION IS 00:07.533 --> 00:09.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% DE THROUGH THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF THE LAURA MOORE 00:09.066 --> 00:12.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% CUNNINGHAM FOUNDATION, COMMITTED TO FULFILLING THE MOORE FAMILY 00:12.433 --> 00:17.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% LEGACY OF BUILDING THE GREAT STATE OF IDAHO. 00:17.333 --> 00:19.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ROBOTS EXPLORE THE WORLD, AND HELP CLEAN OUR HOUSE. 00:19.967 --> 00:25.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY DO A LOT, BUT HOW AND WHAT IS THE SCIENCE BEHIND ROBOTICS? 00:25.166 --> 00:27.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE'RE HERE TO FIND OUT AND TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS. 00:27.800 --> 00:29.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% STAY TUNED. 00:29.734 --> 00:40.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% SCIENCE TREK IS NEXT. 00:40.433 --> 00:43.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, I'M JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN, AND WELCOME TO SCIENCE TREK. 00:43.900 --> 00:45.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% WELCOME TO MICRON TECHNOLOGY. 00:45.800 --> 00:48.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% HERE WORKERS USE ROBOTIC EQUIPMENT TO HELP BUILD SOME OF 00:48.700 --> 00:52.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE MOST ADVANCED MEMORY AND SEMI-CONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY. 00:52.433 --> 00:55.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE'RE HERE TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT ROBOTS. 00:55.433 --> 01:06.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT BEFORE WE DO, LET'S LEARN A LITTLE BIT MORE. 01:06.433 --> 01:09.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WHAT'S YOUR ASSIGNMENT FOR SCIENCE THIS WEEK? 01:09.066 --> 01:12.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WE'RE SUPPOSED TO LEARN ABOUT ROBOTS. 01:12.533 --> 01:12.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> GREAT. 01:12.867 --> 01:18.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAN YOU HELP US LEARN ABOUT ROBOTS? 01:18.533 --> 01:21.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ROBOTS ARE HUMAN MADE MACHINES THAT PERFORM WORK AND 01:21.633 --> 01:22.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% OTHER ACTIONS. 01:22.867 --> 01:24.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME WORK AUTOMATICALLY. 01:24.266 --> 01:27.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME BY REMOTE CONTROL. 01:27.433 --> 01:30.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOT COMES FROM THE CZECH WORD, ROBOTTA, FIRST USED IN A PLAY IN 01:30.900 --> 01:33.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE 1920s. 01:33.500 --> 01:37.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% INVENTORS HAVE BEEN BUILDING SELF OPERATING MACHINES FOR 01:37.066 --> 01:37.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% CENTURIES. 01:37.367 --> 01:40.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% THESE AUTOMATA WERE RUN BY CLOCKS, OR MOVING WATER. 01:40.533 --> 01:45.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE FIRST ROCKY ROBERTS WERE CREATED IN ENGLAND IN THE 01:45.700 --> 01:45.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% 1940s. 01:45.900 --> 01:49.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% BY THE 1960s, ROBOTS WERE USED TO MOVE THINGS AROUND, LIKE IN A 01:49.333 --> 01:50.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAR PLANT. 01:50.533 --> 01:52.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOTS GENERALLY HAVE THREE MAIN PARTS. 01:52.800 --> 01:56.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% A CONTROLLER OR A BRAIN, THIS IS THE PART THAT TELLS THE ROBOT 01:56.166 --> 01:58.567 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHAT TO DO, OR WHERE TO GO. 01:58.567 --> 02:00.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% NEXT ARE THE MECHANICAL PARTS. 02:00.500 --> 02:04.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% THESE ARE THE MOTORS, WHEELS, GEARS, GRABBERS, WHATEVER, THAT 02:04.233 --> 02:08.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% MAKE THE ROBOT DO ITS WORK TO GRAB OR TURN OR TO LIFT. 02:08.734 --> 02:10.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE THIRD ARE THE SENSORS. 02:10.633 --> 02:14.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% THESE ARE THE DEVICES THAT ALLOW THE ROBOT TO FIGURE OUT SIZE AND 02:14.967 --> 02:18.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% SPACE, WHERE TO GO OR HOW TITLE TO GRIP. 02:18.000 --> 02:22.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% TOGETHER, THEE THREE BASIC PARTS MAKE UP A ROBOT. 02:22.000 --> 02:25.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOTS ARE SOMETIMES USED WHERE WORK IS REPRESENTEDIVE, THAT IS, 02:25.233 --> 02:27.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE SAME TASK BEING DONE OVER AND OVER AGAIN. 02:27.967 --> 02:32.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY ARE ALSO USED IN PLACES THAT WOULD BE DANGEROUS FOR 02:32.266 --> 02:32.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% PEOPLE. 02:32.633 --> 02:37.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% NASA USES ALL SORTS OF DIFFERENT ROBOTS TO HELP US EXPLORE SPACE. 02:37.700 --> 02:41.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROVERS ON MARS ARE MINI LABS HELPING HUMANS LEARN ABOUT THE 02:41.734 --> 02:44.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% MARTIAN SOIL. 02:44.066 --> 02:49.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% THESE ROBOTS AT THE JOHNSON SPACE CENTER TEACH NEW 02:49.367 --> 02:51.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% ASTRONAUTS HOW TO DO THINGS IN SPACE. 02:51.633 --> 02:53.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY COME IN ALL SHAPES AND SIZES. 02:53.166 --> 02:55.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME ARE AS SMALL AS INTEXTS. 02:55.000 --> 02:58.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% THESE ARE CALLED NANO-BOTS OR KILOBOTS. 02:58.100 --> 03:01.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME SCIENTISTS ARE DESIGNING ROBOTS THAT SHOW EMOTION, AND 03:01.734 --> 03:05.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME ARE WORKING ON ROBOTS THAT THINK. 03:05.533 --> 03:07.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% SCIENTISTS ARE JUST STARTING TO FIGURE OUT ALL THE DIFFERENT 03:07.233 --> 03:09.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% THINGS THAT ROBOTS CAN DO. 03:09.433 --> 03:11.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO WHETHER THEY ARE HELPING US OUT AT HOME OR TRAVELING DEEP 03:11.967 --> 03:17.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% INTO SPACE, ROBOTS ARE CHANGING OUR LIVES. 03:17.333 --> 03:24.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, THAT WAS VERY INTERESTING. 03:24.734 --> 03:27.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> YOU KNOW IT CAN'T DANCE. 03:27.367 --> 03:30.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> AND JOINING ME NOW TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT ROBOTS, ARE 03:30.433 --> 03:33.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% DEAN KLEIN, VICE PRESIDENT OF MEMORY SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT HERE 03:33.000 --> 03:36.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% AT MICRON, AND JOSH JOHNSTON, A RESEARCH SCIENTIST AT BOISE 03:36.333 --> 03:37.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% STATE UNIVERSITY. 03:37.533 --> 03:39.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% THANK YOU BOTH FOR JOINING US. 03:39.500 --> 03:39.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THANKS. 03:39.800 --> 03:40.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% GREAT TO BE HERE. 03:40.633 --> 03:42.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THANKS FOR HAVING US. 03:42.166 --> 03:42.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> OK. 03:42.433 --> 03:49.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% LET'S GO TO YOUR QUESTIONS. 03:49.533 --> 03:52.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, MY NAME IS HALEY, AND I GO TO GALILEO, AND MY QUESTION, 03:52.900 --> 03:57.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND WHO WAS THE FIRST PERSON TO BUILD A ROBOT. 03:57.000 --> 03:59.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THAT'S A DIFCULT QUESTION, ACTUALLY. 03:59.800 --> 04:03.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% LET'S BACK UP AND MAYBE LET'S DEFINE THE WORD, ROBOT, FIRST. 04:03.433 --> 04:14.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE TERM, ROBOT, WAS FIRST USED BY A CZECH IN A PLAYWRIGHT, AND 04:14.000 --> 04:21.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE ROBERT WAS USED TO -- IT WAS A TERM FOR AN AUTOMATED HUMANOID 04:21.066 --> 04:27.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT WAS A SLAVE, AND THE ROOT OF THE WORD IS A CZECH WORD THAT 04:27.066 --> 04:32.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% -- ROBOTA, OR ROBOTNIC, WHICH MEANS SLAVE. 04:32.233 --> 04:39.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, I THINK THAT THE FIRST ROBOT WAS PROBABLY IN A PLAY IN 1921, 04:39.266 --> 04:42.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE PLAY RUR IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA. 04:42.533 --> 04:43.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, I AM CAYDEN. 04:43.900 --> 04:48.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% I GO TO GALILEO STEM ACADEMY, AND MY QUESTION IS, HOW MANY 04:48.266 --> 04:51.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% DIFFERENT KINDS OF ROBOTS ARE THERE? 04:51.867 --> 04:55.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, THERE ARE A LOT OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF ROBOTS. 04:55.166 --> 04:59.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE USUALLY THINK ABOUT ROBERTS IN TERMS OF WHAT ENVIRONMENT 04:59.166 --> 05:01.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY OPERATE IN. 05:01.266 --> 05:05.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, WE HAVE MANUFACTURING ROBOTS, LIKE THE ROBOTS THAT YOU 05:05.000 --> 05:06.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% WOULD SEE BUILDING CARS. 05:06.967 --> 05:11.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU ALSO HAVE ROBERTS THAT GO PLACES OUTDOORS, AND WE BREAK 05:11.000 --> 05:13.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% THOSE DOWN, USUALLY, ROBERTS THAT ARE IN SPACE. 05:13.800 --> 05:15.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBERTS THAT FLY. 05:15.166 --> 05:16.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBERTS ON THE GROUND. 05:16.800 --> 05:18.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBERTS ON THE SURFACE OF THE WATER, AND ROBERTS THAT ARE 05:18.734 --> 05:21.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% UNDER WATER. 05:21.600 --> 05:23.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND WITHIN EACH OF THOSE ENVIRONMENTS, THERE IS LOTS OF 05:23.633 --> 05:25.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% TYPES OF ROBERTS THAT DO LOTS OF THINGS. 05:25.900 --> 05:29.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT, USUALLY, A ROBERT IS DESIGNED TO WORK IN ONLY ONE OF 05:29.967 --> 05:34.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% THOSE ENVIRONMENTS, AND USUALLY, THAT'S THE ONLY PLACE THAT IT 05:34.000 --> 05:34.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% WORKS. 05:34.433 --> 05:41.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I MIGHT ADD THAT IN THE FIRST ROBERTICS PROGRAM, THERE ARE 05:41.100 --> 05:45.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% 10,000 TEAMS WORLDWIDE THAT WILL BUILD A ROBOT TO SOLVE THE SAME 05:45.100 --> 05:48.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% CHALLENGE, AND NO TWO ROBERTS ARE ALIKE OF THOSE 10,000. 05:48.900 --> 05:53.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, THERE IS A LOT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ROBOTS. 05:53.266 --> 05:57.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MAYA ASKS, DO ROBERTS HAVE FEELINGS? 05:57.066 --> 06:03.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> SO ROBOTS DON'T HAVE FEELINGS THE WAY THAT PEOPLE HAVE 06:03.166 --> 06:04.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% FEELINGS. 06:04.600 --> 06:07.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOTS ARE USUALLY CONTROLLED BY A COMPUTER BRAIN, SO THEY HAVE 06:07.367 --> 06:10.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOFTWARE PROGRAMMING THE SAME WAY A COMPUTER DOES, AND THEY 06:10.900 --> 06:13.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% RESPOND BASED ON WHAT THE PROGRAMMING TELLS THEM TO DO. 06:13.333 --> 06:16.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% NOW, AS WE HAVE DEVELOPED MORE ADVANCED ROBOTS, WE HAVE BEEN 06:16.633 --> 06:20.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% WORKING WITH ROBOTS THAT WE TRY TO TEACH TO LEARN, SO THAT THEY 06:20.433 --> 06:23.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAN GET BETTER AS THEY DO TASKS OVER AND OVER AGAIN. 06:23.533 --> 06:28.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND SOME OF THESE ROBERTS, WE LIKE TO TALK ABOUT FEELINGS, AS 06:28.700 --> 06:31.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% A METHOD FOR UNDERSTANDING HOW WE'RE TRYING TO GET THE ROBERT 06:31.367 --> 06:31.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO WORK. 06:31.967 --> 06:35.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, WE MIGHT TALK ABOUT A ROBERT THAT IS PROGRAMMED TO HAVE A 06:35.967 --> 06:39.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% SENSE OF URGENCY, IF SOMETHING NEEDS TO HAPPEN QUICKLY, OR TO 06:39.633 --> 06:45.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% FEEL SATISFACTION, IF IT'S PERFORMED THE JOB PROPERLY, BUT 06:45.266 --> 06:47.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% THESE ARE TERMS THAT WE'RE USING, AND TECHNIQUES WE USE 06:47.700 --> 06:50.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHEN WE PROGRAM THE ROBOTS, THAT DOES NOT MEAN THAT THESE 06:50.700 --> 06:54.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBERTS, ACTUALLY, FEEL THESE EMOTIONS THE WAY THAT PEOPLE OR 06:54.700 --> 06:57.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% ANIMALS DO. 06:57.700 --> 07:03.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, I AM AKILA, I GO TO [INAUDIBLE] ELEMENTARY. 07:03.867 --> 07:07.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% I WOULD LIKE TO KNOW HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO BUILD A ROBOT? 07:07.333 --> 07:12.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I THINK TO MAKE A SIMPLE ROBOT, LIKE THE RUMBA COSTUME 07:12.800 --> 07:18.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% CLEANER, WHICH IS PROBABLY MASS PRODUCED IN WELL UNDER AN HOUR. 07:18.433 --> 07:23.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% MORE COMPLICATED ROASHTS TAKE A LONGER PERIOD OF TIME TIME. 07:23.100 --> 07:25.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY ARE GIVEN SIX WEEKS TO BUILD THE ROBOTS, AND THEY GET 07:25.700 --> 07:29.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% SENT OFF TO A COMPETITION THAT IS A COUPLE WEEKS LATER. 07:29.066 --> 07:33.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE FIRST LEGO LEAGUE, THEY CAN PROBABLY BUILD THEIR ROBOTS IN 07:33.500 --> 07:38.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% AN AFTERNOON, SO DIFFERENT ROBOTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF 07:38.800 --> 07:41.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% COMPLEXITY AND DIFFERENT LENGTHS OF TIME TO BUILD THEM. 07:41.000 --> 07:41.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MY NAME IS THOMAS. 07:41.867 --> 07:46.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% I GO TO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. 07:46.000 --> 07:57.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND MY QUESTION IS -- HOW DO YOU MAKE THE CONTROL OF THE ROBERT. 07:57.700 --> 08:00.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MOST ROBOTS ARE COMPUTER CONTROLLED, SO DIFFERENT TYPES 08:00.066 --> 08:03.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% WILL HAVE DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMPUTERS, DEPENDING ON THE 08:03.633 --> 08:06.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% COMPLEXITY OF THE TASK THAT THEY ARE WORKING ON. 08:06.066 --> 08:09.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% THIS IS WHAT'S CALLED AN ARDINO. 08:09.000 --> 08:13.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT'S A POPULAR HOBBYIST ROBOT CONTROL, AND YOU CAN SEE IT HAS 08:13.266 --> 08:14.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% A FEW CHIPS ON IT. 08:14.900 --> 08:17.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% VERY SIMPLE, VERY INEXPENSIVE. 08:17.066 --> 08:24.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% THIS WOULD BE KIND OF THE LOW END OF ROBERT CONTROL SYSTEMS. 08:24.166 --> 08:30.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MY NAME IS ATALIA, AND I GO TO GALILEO ACADEMY. 08:30.633 --> 08:34.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% MY QUESTION IS, IS A ROBOTIC ALWAYS DONE THROUGH A COMPUTER? 08:34.333 --> 08:37.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ROBOTS WEREN'T ALWAYS DONE THROUGH COMPUTERS, BUT TODAY, 08:37.633 --> 08:38.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% MOST ROBOTS ARE. 08:38.533 --> 08:43.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% EVEN IF THE COMPUTER IS A SIMPLE COMPUTER LIKE THIS ARDINO BOARD. 08:43.100 --> 08:45.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% THIS IS A QUESTION THAT IS INTERESTING BECAUSE IT GETS TO 08:45.900 --> 08:48.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE IDEA OF WHAT IT IS TO BE A ROBOT. 08:48.367 --> 08:53.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, NORMALLY, WE TALK ABOUT ROBOTS AS HAVING THREE MAJOR 08:53.433 --> 08:53.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% PARTS. 08:53.633 --> 08:58.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% A PART THAT SENSES, A PART THAT PLANS, AND A PART THAT ACTS. 08:58.166 --> 09:00.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT'S WHAT MAKES THE ROBOT DIFFERENT FROM SOMETHING LIKE A 09:00.967 --> 09:05.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% COMPUTER, WHICH CAN THINK AND CAN PROCESS INFORMATION, BUT IT 09:05.066 --> 09:08.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% DOES NOT REALLY HAVE ANY WAY TO EITHER SENSE THE WORLD OR TO, 09:08.967 --> 09:12.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% ACTUALLY, DO SOMETHING IN THE WORLD TO GO OUT AND MOVE 09:12.734 --> 09:13.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOMETHING. 09:13.066 --> 09:15.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF WE THINK ABOUT A ROBOT IN THAT SENSE, THERE ALWAYS HAS TO 09:15.633 --> 09:20.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% BE THIS PLANNING STAGE WHERE THE ROBOT IS THINKING, AND THERE 09:20.266 --> 09:24.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% HAVE BEEN EXAMPLES THAT WE COULD LOOK AT IN HISTORY OF MECHANICAL 09:24.266 --> 09:28.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOTS, BUT, REALLY, FOR THE WAY THAT WE USE THE WORD TODAY, 09:28.166 --> 09:31.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOTS ARE CONTROLLED BY COMPUTERS, AND ROBOTS HAVE 09:31.734 --> 09:39.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% COMPUTERS INSIDE OF THEM. 09:39.700 --> 09:42.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> RESEARCHER CREATED SMALL ROBOTS THAT USE BACTERIA-FILLED 09:42.500 --> 09:44.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% FUEL CELLS TO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY. 09:44.800 --> 09:47.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE CELLS DRAW ENERGY FROM ROTTEN APPLES AND DEAD FLIES. 09:47.900 --> 09:51.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEIR GOAL, IS TO MAKE A ROBOT THAT CAN FORAGE FOR ITS OWN 09:51.867 --> 09:57.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% FOOD. 09:57.066 --> 10:01.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, I AM ELLA, AND I GO TO GALILEO STEM ACADEMY, AND MY 10:01.533 --> 10:06.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% QUESTION IS, HOW FAST IS THE FASTEST ROBOT? 10:06.000 --> 10:11.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I THINK THE BOSTON DYNAMICS WILDCAT ROBOT CLAIMS THE TITLE 10:11.100 --> 10:16.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF THE FASTEST ROBOT AT 20 SOME MILES PER HOUR. 10:16.000 --> 10:22.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% HOWEVER, THE SPACE-BORN ROBOTS, LIKE THE -- MAYBE THE VOYAGER 10:22.867 --> 10:26.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SPACECRAFT, WOULD HAVE, WOULD HAVE ACHIEVED SPEEDS OF WELL IN 10:26.266 --> 10:29.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% EXCESS OF 40,000 MILES PER HOUR. 10:29.100 --> 10:32.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, VERY FAST, BY COMPARISON. 10:32.333 --> 10:35.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THE FASTEST ROBOTS ARE, ACTUALLY, THE FASTEST THINGS 10:35.433 --> 10:36.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT PEOPLE HAVE EVER MADE. 10:36.633 --> 10:41.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO THE HELIOS PROBE THAT GO AROUND THE SUN AND THE PROBES 10:41.533 --> 10:44.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% LEAVING THE SOLAR SYSTEM ARE THE FASTEST THINGS THAT MAN HAS MADE 10:44.500 --> 10:45.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND ALSO ROBOTS. 10:45.433 --> 10:49.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, THAT'S ONE MEASURE OF WHAT THE FASTEST ROBOT MIGHT BE. 10:49.066 --> 10:57.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE ALSO ARE BUILDING ROBOTIC CARS AND ROBOTIC PLANES THAT ARE 10:57.066 --> 10:57.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% ALSO VERY FAST. 10:57.900 --> 11:03.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU THINK ABOUT A ROBOT THAT HAS LEGS, THEN THE CHEETAH ROBOT 11:03.900 --> 11:09.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% FROM THE BOSTON DYNAMICS IS NOT AS FAST AS A CHEETAH BUT FASTER 11:09.967 --> 11:13.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAN THE FASTEST PEOPLE ARE, SO THAT ROBOT GOES ABOUT 30 MILES 11:13.900 --> 11:16.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% PER HOUR. 11:16.433 --> 11:20.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> NEXT, HOW DO ROBOTS SEE? 11:20.433 --> 11:22.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ROBOTS USE LOTS OF DIFFERENT METHODS TO SEE. 11:22.800 --> 11:25.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOTS WILL USE LASERS, RADAR. 11:25.800 --> 11:30.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY ALSO WILL USE VISION, JUST LIKE THEM DO, SO THIS IS A 11:30.700 --> 11:34.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% VISION SYSTEM FROM A ROBOT CALLED A STER KEY VISION 11:34.367 --> 11:34.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAMERA-HEAD. 11:34.700 --> 11:36.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% STEREO BECAUSE IT HAS TWO CAMERAS. 11:36.433 --> 11:40.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% ONE ON EACH SIDE, AND THIS WORKS THE SAME WAY AS OUR EYES DO, 11:40.066 --> 11:42.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% USING TWO DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES ON THE WORLD TO TELL HOW FAR 11:42.633 --> 11:44.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% AWAY THAT THE OBJECTS ARE. 11:44.066 --> 11:48.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% A ROBOT CAN USE THIS STEREO VISION SYSTEM TO BUILD A FULL 11:48.233 --> 11:51.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% 3-D MODEL OF WHAT THEY ARE WORKING WITH, USE THAT TO SEE 11:51.433 --> 11:54.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% OBSTACLES AND AVOID THEM, OR TO SEE OBJECTS THAT THEY WANT TO 11:54.967 --> 11:57.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% REACH OUT AND GRAB. 11:57.266 --> 12:03.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> SOME ROBOTS WILL ALSO USE ULTRASONIC SYSTEMS AND INFRARED 12:03.967 --> 12:06.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% DETECTORS TO SEE THEIR ENVIRONMENT. 12:06.266 --> 12:06.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MY NAME IS LAUREN. 12:06.800 --> 12:11.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% I GO TO GALILEO STEM ACADEMY, AND MY QUESTION IS, IN THE 12:11.734 --> 12:13.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOTICS FIELD, DO YOU THINK THAT YOU WOULD BE MAKING ROBOTS 12:13.800 --> 12:17.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO HELP US WITH ANYTHING ON A DAILY BASIS? 12:17.266 --> 12:21.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> SO, ROBOTS RIGHT NOW ARE ALREADY IMPACTING OUR DAILY 12:21.600 --> 12:25.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% LIVES, AND THAT'S BECAUSE MOST THINGS THAT WE BUY HAVE BEEN 12:25.500 --> 12:28.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% TOUCHED BY A ROBOT AT SOME POINT. 12:28.266 --> 12:31.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% THINGS THAT ARE MANUFACTURED, OFTENTIMES, HAVE A ROBOT 12:31.633 --> 12:34.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% INVOLVED IN SOME POINT OF THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS. 12:34.633 --> 12:41.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% EVEN THINGS LIKE FOOD, WHERE ROBOTS ARE PART OF THE 12:41.066 --> 12:45.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% MANIPULATION OF FOOD AS IT COMES FROM THE FIELD, AS WE GROW 12:45.166 --> 12:47.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% VEGETABLES, THEY ARE SORTED BY ROBOTS, AND THEY ARE MOVED FROM 12:47.333 --> 12:53.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER, BY ROBOTS, SO WE DON'T NECESSARILY GO UP 12:53.500 --> 12:56.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND TALK TO A ROBOT EVERY DAY, BUT THE ROBOTS REALLY ARE 12:56.900 --> 13:00.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% ALREADY IMPACTING OUR LIFE IN A LOT OF WAYS THAT WE DON'T SEE 13:00.967 --> 13:03.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% DIRECTLY, BUT WE DO SEE THOSE RESULTS. 13:03.500 --> 13:06.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ROBOTS ARE SOMETIMES INFLUENCING THE JOBS WE DO, AS 13:06.533 --> 13:06.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% WELL. 13:06.734 --> 13:09.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE ROBOTS ARE TAKING THE DIFFICULT JOBS, OR THE DANGEROUS 13:09.633 --> 13:18.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% JOBS THAT WE REALLY DON'T WANT PEOPLE TO HAVE TO DO. 13:18.166 --> 13:20.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, I GO TO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. 13:20.533 --> 13:24.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND MY QUESTION IS -- CAN ROBOTS TALK? 13:24.900 --> 13:27.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> SO, ROBOTS DO WHAT THEY ARE PROGRAMMED TO DO, AND WE CAN 13:27.533 --> 13:28.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% PROGRAM ROBOTS TO TALK. 13:28.967 --> 13:31.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THIS TAKES A FEW DIFFERENT FORMS. 13:31.333 --> 13:35.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOMETIMES, WE WILL PROGRAM A ROBOT TO HAVE A SET LIST OF 13:35.000 --> 13:36.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% THINGS THAT IT CAN SAY. 13:36.233 --> 13:39.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, THIS MIGHT BE AS SIMPLE AS SAYING, YES, OR NO. 13:39.500 --> 13:44.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% THIS IS THE SAME KINDS OF APPROACH THAT WE USE IN 13:44.500 --> 13:46.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% AUTOMATED TELEPHONE SYSTEMS. 13:46.100 --> 13:49.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU CALL IN, INSTEAD OF GETTING AN OPERATOR, YOU TALK TO A 13:49.333 --> 13:49.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% COMPUTER. 13:49.633 --> 13:53.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE CAN PUT THAT SAME TYPE OF A SYSTEM INTO A ROBERT SO THAT IT 13:53.266 --> 14:00.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAN GIVE LIMITED RESPONSES BASED ON THE SENSORS ARE TELLING IT, 14:00.266 --> 14:01.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT SHOULD DO. 14:01.333 --> 14:04.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN TMS OF THE ROBOT THAT CAN JUST COME UP WITH FREE NATURAL 14:04.700 --> 14:08.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% LANGUAGE AND SOUND LIKE A PERSON, THIS IS, ACTUALLY, AN 14:08.000 --> 14:11.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% INFINITE -- AN INTERESTING DEFINITION OF ARTIFICIAL 14:11.633 --> 14:15.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% INTELLIGENCE THAT WAS PUT OUT THERE BY A SCIENTIST NAMED ALAN 14:15.734 --> 14:19.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% TURING, AND HE SUGGESTED WE WOULD KNOW THAT WE HAD 14:19.433 --> 14:22.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WHEN WE COULD PROGRAM A MACHINE THAT 14:22.633 --> 14:27.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% WOULD BE ABLE TO TALK THE SAME WAY AS A PERSON, AND HE DEFINED 14:27.166 --> 14:30.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% THIS AS, WE WOULD NOT KNOW WHETHER WE'RE TALKING TO THE 14:30.000 --> 14:34.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% PERSON, OR TO THE ROBOT, AND THAT'S CALLED THE TURING TEST, 14:34.600 --> 14:39.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO WE HAVE ROBOTS THAT CAN TALK, BUT IT'S REALLY KIND OF A 14:39.633 --> 14:43.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% PLAYBACK OR SAYING THINGS THAT ARE IN A VERY CONSTRAINED SET OF 14:43.066 --> 14:43.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% CHOICES. 14:43.333 --> 14:46.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE DON'T HAVE SOMETHING RIGHT NOW THAT CAN JUST HAVE A 14:46.333 --> 14:48.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% CONVERSATION LIKE A PERSON CAN. 14:48.433 --> 14:52.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% ALTHOUGH, MOST PEOPLE, MOST SCIENTISTS BELIEVE THAT THAT IS 14:52.066 --> 14:55.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% WITHIN OUR REACH, AND THAT THERE WILL BE ONE WITHIN OUR LIFETIME 14:55.367 --> 15:02.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT WE CAN HAVE A REGULAR CONVERSATION WITH. 15:02.333 --> 15:04.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> SOMETIMES, ROBOTS ARE BUILT JUST FOR FUN. 15:04.166 --> 15:08.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% A FEW YEARS AGO, SCIENTISTS AT UGOBE SHOWED US HOW THEY BUILT 15:08.333 --> 15:17.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% PLEA OVER, A BABY DINOSAUR ROBOTIC TOY. 15:17.433 --> 15:20.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOTS ARE USED TO DO LOTS OF THINGS. 15:20.100 --> 15:20.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME EXPLORE SPACE. 15:20.967 --> 15:22.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME BUILD THINGS. 15:22.333 --> 15:27.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME ARE USED IN PLACES WHERE PEOPLE CAN'T GO, THE SEA OR TO 15:27.433 --> 15:29.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% COLLECT DATA. 15:29.066 --> 15:32.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% SCIENTISTS STAY A LOT OF CHALLENGES WHEN THEY DESIGN AND 15:32.000 --> 15:33.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUILD A ROBOT. 15:33.000 --> 15:37.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE FOLKS HERE AT UGOBE CREATED A ROBOT CALLED PLEO, WHICH IS AT 15:37.367 --> 15:41.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEIR OFFICES, WE VISIT THEIR OFFICES TO FIND OUT MORE. 15:41.500 --> 15:44.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WHY DO YOU CHOOSE A DINOSAUR FOR THE DESIGN OF THE ROBOT? 15:44.333 --> 15:47.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ONE OF THE THINGS IS THERE AREN'T ANY BABY DINOSAURS 15:47.734 --> 15:50.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% RUNNING AROUND, SO WE ALWAYS THOUGHT IT WOULD BE REALLY FUN 15:50.233 --> 15:54.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU COULD HAVE A DINOSAUR RUNNING AROUND YOUR HOUSE, AND 15:54.166 --> 15:59.467 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO WE CHOSE THE CAMARASAURUS BECAUSE IT HAS A LONG TAIL AND A 15:59.467 --> 16:02.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% LONG NECK, AND THEY ARE PRETTY CUTE. 16:02.367 --> 16:06.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND INSTEAD OF BUILDING A LOW-SCALE MODEL OF A DINOSAUR, 16:06.166 --> 16:09.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE WANTED TO BUILD A BABY DINOSAUR, AND THIS IS JUST ABOUT 16:09.700 --> 16:12.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE SIZE THAT A CAMARASAURUS WOULD BE TWO WEEKS AFTER 16:12.533 --> 16:12.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% HATCHING. 16:12.867 --> 16:16.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, IF YOU REALLY COULD FIND A DINOSAUR EGG AND HAVE IT HATCH, 16:16.333 --> 16:18.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT WOULD LOOK LIKE THIS. 16:18.166 --> 16:20.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HOW DID YOU START? 16:20.433 --> 16:24.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, ONCE WE DECIDED THE KIND OF DINOSAUR, WE STARTED 16:24.000 --> 16:28.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% DOING OUR RESEARCH AND FINDING OUT ALL ABOUT THIS DINOSAUR, AND 16:28.700 --> 16:33.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE, ACTUALLY, GOT SKELETAL RECONSTRUCTIONS FROM THE 16:33.266 --> 16:35.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% SCIENTISTS, AND WE STARTED MEASURING EVERYTHING OUT AND 16:35.900 --> 16:40.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIGURING OUT, OK, SINCE WE DON'T HAVE SPINES AND MUSCLES, WE HAVE 16:40.533 --> 16:44.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO USE MOTORS, SO WE STARTED FIGURING OUT OK, WE CAN PUT THIS 16:44.266 --> 16:46.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% MOTOR HERE, AND IT HAS TO MAKE THIS MOVE AND MAKE THIS MOVE, 16:46.734 --> 16:50.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND WE JUST KEPT WORKING UNTIL WE FIGURED OUT HOW TO GET 16:50.266 --> 16:52.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% EVERYTHING TO FIT IN THE SPACE THAT WE HAVE. 16:52.367 --> 16:56.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, THIS IS WHAT OUR LITTLE BUDDY LOOKS LIKE WHEN HE'S 16:56.800 --> 16:57.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% WITHOUT HIS SKIN. 16:57.900 --> 17:00.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, YOU START TO SEE THE MECHANISM. 17:00.266 --> 17:04.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU START TO SEE HOW THE WIRES RUN THROUGH FOR HIM TO TILT HIS 17:04.600 --> 17:07.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% TAIL, AND YOU SEE HIS HEAD, AND YOU SEE THIS LITTLE SILVER 17:07.633 --> 17:11.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% STRIP, AND THAT'S WHERE HE SENSES YOUR TOUCH ON THERE. 17:11.333 --> 17:14.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% HE'S GOTTEN ANOTHER ONE ON HIS CHIN. 17:14.000 --> 17:15.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% HIS EYES OPEN. 17:15.734 --> 17:19.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% INSIDE OF HIS BODY, HE HAS THESE LITTLE GEAR BOXES, AND EACH ONE 17:19.700 --> 17:23.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF THESE LITTLE GEAR BOXES HAS TO BE BUILT SO THAT IT DOES ALL 17:23.066 --> 17:27.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE THINGS THAT YOU COULD SEE THE MOTOR IN THERE, AND RIGHT 17:27.633 --> 17:27.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% INSIDE. 17:27.900 --> 17:31.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% LIKE A LITTLE MODER, AND IT RUNS THESE GEARS, AND THAT'S HOW HE 17:31.433 --> 17:34.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAN OPEN AND CLOSE HIS MOUTH AND OPEN HIS EYES, AND ALL OF THIS 17:34.867 --> 17:38.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% HAS TO FIT INSIDE SO THAT IT WILL STILL LOOK LIKE HE'S 17:38.100 --> 17:40.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% SUPPOSED TO LOOK LIKE ON THE OUTSIDE. 17:40.867 --> 17:44.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> DOES PLEO FEEL, LIKE HIS NECK? 17:44.867 --> 17:49.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ONE OF THE BIG ISSUES IS THAT WHEN YOU PUT SOMETHING IN A 17:49.000 --> 17:52.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% PHYSICAL WORLD LIKE THIS, THEN YOU START THINKING ABOUT IT AS 17:52.533 --> 17:53.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% BEING REAL. 17:53.734 --> 17:56.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU HAVE ANIMAL THERE, ANY KIND OF ANIMAL, PRACTICALLY, 17:56.700 --> 18:00.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% EXCEPT A TORTUS, IF YOU TOUCH THEM, THEY CHILD ABUSE RESPOND 18:00.367 --> 18:01.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% RIGHT AWAY. 18:01.433 --> 18:05.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, THAT'S ONE OF THE THINGS THAT YOU COME TO EXPECT, AND IF 18:05.166 --> 18:08.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE DON'T HAVE THAT RESPONSE TO YOUR SENSE OF TOUCH, LIKE IF I 18:08.333 --> 18:11.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% TOUCH HIM DOWN HERE ON HIS LEG, I EXPECT -- SEE HOW HE LIFTED 18:11.533 --> 18:12.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% HIS LEG UP? 18:12.367 --> 18:14.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE EXPECT HIM TO RESPOND, AND IF HE DID NOT RESPOND, THEN YOU 18:14.800 --> 18:17.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% WOULD THINK WELL, THIS THING IS NOT ALIVE. 18:17.700 --> 18:21.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE WANTED TO MAKE IT AS CLOSE TO ALIVE AS WE COULD RIGHT NOW. 18:21.533 --> 18:25.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO UNTIL WE GET TO THE POINT THAT WE CAN HAVE THE SKIN, WE 18:25.867 --> 18:31.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% DECIDE -- RIGHT NOW, WE HAVE EIGHT OF THESE TOUCH SENSITIVE 18:31.900 --> 18:34.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAPACITY TOUCHING SENSORS, AND EACH ONE CAN DETECT THE PRESENCE 18:34.967 --> 18:36.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF A HAND. 18:36.166 --> 18:38.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT WON'T RESPOND TO THINGS LIKE A PENCIL. 18:38.533 --> 18:43.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT REALLY WANTS SOMETHI LIKE A HAND, AND SO HERE, THERE IS ONE 18:43.166 --> 18:45.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% BACK HERE. 18:45.166 --> 18:46.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% GOOD LITTLE PLEO. 18:46.233 --> 18:47.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% THERE IS ONE UP HERE. 18:47.266 --> 18:49.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% THERE IS ANOTHER ONE ON THE TOP OF THE HEAD. 18:49.633 --> 18:54.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, IF WE GO LIKE THIS, THEN HE'LL KNOW WE'RE PETTING HIM 18:54.000 --> 18:55.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% BECAUSE HE CAN FEEL THIS AND THIS AND THIS. 18:55.900 --> 18:59.934 position:10% line:85% size:80% THERE IS A CAPACITY SENSOR UNDER HIS CHIN, SO HE CAN GET THAT 18:59.934 --> 19:01.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% LITTLE TICKLE OF HIS CHIN. 19:01.433 --> 19:05.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% ON THE FRONT OF ALL FOUR OF HIS LEGS, YOU CAN SEE THEM HERE AND 19:05.800 --> 19:08.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% HERE A HERE AND BACK HERE. 19:08.900 --> 19:12.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, THOSE ARE THE EIGHT TOUCH SENSORS THAT PLEO HAS TO DETECT 19:12.600 --> 19:15.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHAT YOU ARE DOING THERE. 19:15.066 --> 19:24.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% HERE YOU GO. 19:24.800 --> 19:27.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT IS ONE FEROCIOUS BEAST. 19:27.433 --> 19:33.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN HIS OWN MIND. 19:41.166 --> 19:43.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, MY NAME IS HEMENA, I GO TO GALILEO STEM ACADEMY, AND MY 19:43.734 --> 19:46.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% QUESTION, WHAT IS THE MOST COMPLEX ROBOT EVER MADE? 19:46.433 --> 19:52.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THERE IS A LOT OF COMPLICATED ROBOTS, AND PERHAPS, SOME OF THE 19:52.000 --> 19:56.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% SPACE-BORN ROBOTS, LIKE THE MARS SOJOURNER, MAYBE THOSE ARE THE 19:56.800 --> 20:01.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% MOST COMPLEX, BUT I TEND TO THINK, ACTUALLY, THAT MAYBE SOME 20:01.066 --> 20:05.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF THE SWARM ROBOTS THAT ARE, ACTUALLY, FAIRLY SIMPLE ROBOTS 20:05.333 --> 20:08.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% INDIVIDUALLYBUT THAT THEY WORK COLLECTIVELY TO DO A TASK, THOSE 20:08.166 --> 20:12.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% ARE SOME OF THE MOST COMPLEX. 20:12.967 --> 20:16.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% BECAUSE, IT'S NOT JUST ONE ROBOT DOING A TEST, BUT HUNDREDS OF 20:16.333 --> 20:18.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOTS DOING A TASK. 20:18.166 --> 20:26.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% HERE IN THE FACTORY, AT MICRONS, WE HAVE ROBOTS THAT ARE MOVING 20:26.433 --> 20:30.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% WAFERS BETWEEN MULTIPLE PIECES OF EQUIPMENT. 20:30.533 --> 20:33.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY HAVE TO WORK TOGETHER TO MAKE SURE THEY DON'T GET THE 20:33.900 --> 20:38.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% WAFERS TO THE RIGHT MACHINE AT THE RIGHT TIME, AND THEY ARE NOT 20:38.233 --> 20:40.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% JUST FOLLOWING THEIR OWN COMMANDS BUT FOLLOWING A 20:40.600 --> 20:43.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% COLLECTIVE SET OF COMMANDS. 20:43.867 --> 20:48.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MATTHEW ASKS, CAN YOU EVER MAKE A ROBOT THINK? 20:48.233 --> 20:50.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THE DEFINITION THAT MOST OF US USE FOR ROBOTS REQUIRES THAT 20:50.800 --> 20:53.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE ROBOT BE ABLE TO THINK. 20:53.266 --> 20:55.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, WE TALK ABOUT A ROBOT HAVING THREE PARTS. 20:55.734 --> 20:59.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT CAN SENSE, CAN PLAN, AND IT CAN ACT. 20:59.000 --> 21:02.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT PLANNING REALLY IS THINKING. 21:02.266 --> 21:05.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, BY THAT DEFINITION, IF WE HAVE A MACHINE THAT DOESN'T KNOW 21:05.533 --> 21:09.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% HOW TO THINK, THEN WE DON'T CONSIDER IT TO BE A ROBOT. 21:09.000 --> 21:12.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, AN EXAMPLE OF THIS MIGHT BE A DOOR AT THE SUPERMARKET WHERE 21:12.433 --> 21:16.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU WALK UP, YOU STEP ON THE PLATE, AND THE DOOR OPENS FOR 21:16.233 --> 21:16.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU. 21:16.533 --> 21:20.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, THIS HAS SOME OF THE PARTS OF A ROBOT BECAUSE THE DOOR IS 21:20.433 --> 21:24.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% ABLE TO SENSE THAT A PERSON WANTS TO ENTER, AND IT'S ABLE TO 21:24.233 --> 21:25.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% DO SOMETHING. 21:25.266 --> 21:27.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT'S ABLE TO MOVE AND OPEN THE DOOR. 21:27.533 --> 21:30.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT, IT DOES NOT REALLY DO ANY THINKING ABOUT ITS ENVIRONMENT. 21:30.433 --> 21:32.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT DOES NOT REALLY KNOW WHAT'S GOING ON. 21:32.100 --> 21:35.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% AS A VERY SIMPLE RESPONSE, SO, IN THAT SENSE, WE WOULD NOT 21:35.900 --> 21:38.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% CONSIDER THAT DOOR TO BE A ROBOT. 21:38.500 --> 21:42.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF WE TALK ABOUT A SMART HOUSE THAT'S ABLE TO KNOW THAT IT'S 21:42.266 --> 21:46.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% OWNER HAS COME HOME, TURN ON THE LIGHTS, TURN ON THE MUSIC, 21:46.633 --> 21:50.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% UNLOCK THE DOOR FOR HIM, AT THAT POINT WE SEE MORE THINKING, 21:50.867 --> 21:55.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHICH MAKES US START TO THINK THAT MAYBE THAT HOUSE IS A 21:55.233 --> 21:57.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROBOT, AS OPPOSED TO JUST BEING A SIMPLE MACHINE. 21:57.900 --> 22:01.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, THE BOUNDARY OF WHAT IS A ROBOT AND WHAT ISN'T A ROBOT IS 22:01.800 --> 22:05.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% VERY COMPLICATED, AND THE ABILITY TO THINK IS ONE OF THE 22:05.233 --> 22:08.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% THINGS THAT A ROBOT NEEDS TO HAVE. 22:08.800 --> 22:13.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, MY NAME IS RIKER, AND I GO TO GALILEO STEM ACADEMY. 22:13.000 --> 22:19.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% MY QUESTION IS -- WHY ARE MARS' ROVERS SO SLOW? 22:19.433 --> 22:23.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THE ROVERS THAT WE SEND TO OTHER PLANETS MOVE SLOWLY FOR A 22:23.900 --> 22:24.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% COUPLE OF REASONS. 22:24.800 --> 22:28.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% ONE OF THEM IS THE ROVERS THAT WE SEND DON'T HAVE A LOT OF 22:28.700 --> 22:29.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% POWER ONBOARD. 22:29.700 --> 22:33.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, MOST OF OUR ROVERS WERE POWERED BY SOLAR POWER. 22:33.166 --> 22:35.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% MARS CURIOSITY, WHICH IS THE NEWEST ROVER ON MARS IS POWERED 22:35.800 --> 22:49.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% BY A SMALL NUKE -- NUCLEAR REACT OR. 22:49.433 --> 22:51.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE BATTERIES TAKE TIME TO BE CHARGED. 22:51.533 --> 22:54.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF A ROVER GETS STUCK AND BREAKS, THERE IS NOBODY THERE TO 22:54.633 --> 22:58.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIX IT, AND THESE ROBOTS REPRESENT A LOT OF INVESTMENT IN 22:58.100 --> 23:01.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% DOLLARS AND IN TIME, SO BEFORE THE ROBOTS ARE ABLE TO MOVE, 23:01.967 --> 23:04.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% THERE IS A LOT OF CHECKS THAT ARE DONE, A LOT OF PEOPLE WHO 23:04.533 --> 23:08.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% ARE INVOLVED IN MAKING SURE THAT THE ROBOT WILL PERFORM A SAFE 23:08.734 --> 23:09.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% ACTION. 23:09.533 --> 23:15.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, YOU CAN THINK ABOUT THESE ROBOTS AS OPERATING AS SAFELY AS 23:15.100 --> 23:20.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% POSSIBLE UNDER A SUSTAINABLE POWER CONSUMPTION, AND THE IDEA 23:20.333 --> 23:23.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% FOR THIS, IS THAT THEY WILL CONTINUE TO OPERATE FOR YEARS 23:23.700 --> 23:27.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% INSTEAD OF GOING AND BURNING THEIR BATTERIES OUT OR MAKING A 23:27.266 --> 23:29.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% MISTAKE AND GETTING STUCK. 23:29.266 --> 23:32.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THERE IS ONE OTHER FACTOR THAT COMES INTO PLAY, AND THAT'S 23:32.700 --> 23:36.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% BECAUSE THE ROBOTS ARE SO FAR AWAY, IT TAKES A LONG TIME TO 23:36.166 --> 23:40.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% GET SIGNALS TO THEM, AND TO GET FEEDBACK FROM THEM. 23:40.333 --> 23:44.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, IF WE COMMAND THE ROVER TO MOVE FORWARD A COUPLE OF INCHES, 23:44.166 --> 23:47.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% FOR INSTANCE, IT MIGHT BE AS LONG AS 20 MINUTES OR MORE TO 23:47.433 --> 23:51.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% GET AN ANSWER BACK FROM THE ROBOT THAT INDICATED THAT MOVE 23:51.100 --> 23:52.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% WAS SUCCESSFUL. 23:52.233 --> 23:59.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, WE DON'T WANT TO GO TOO FAR WITH THESE ROBOTS AT ONE SHOT. 23:59.734 --> 24:03.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, I GO TO HAWTHORNE ELEMENTARY, AND I WOULD LIKE TO 24:03.266 --> 24:05.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% KNOW HOW MANY PLANETS HAVE ROBOTS BEEN TO? 24:05.600 --> 24:07.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WE SENT ROBOTS TO ALL OF THE PLANETS. 24:07.900 --> 24:10.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE HAVE FLOWN PAST ALL OF THE PLANETS. 24:10.734 --> 24:14.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% UTO, WHICH IS NO LONGER CONSIDERED A PLANET, NEW 24:14.533 --> 24:16.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% HORIZONS WILL BE VISITING SOON. 24:16.166 --> 24:18.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE HAVE LANDED ON VENUS. 24:18.433 --> 24:23.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE HAVE LANDED MULTIPLE VEHICLES ON MARS, INCLUDING SOME ROVERS. 24:23.800 --> 24:25.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE HAVE LANDED ON THE MOON. 24:25.700 --> 24:29.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE HAVE LANDED ON SATURN'S MOON, TITAN, WE HAVE LANDED A PROBE 24:29.900 --> 24:36.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% THERE, AND WE HAVE, ALSO, SENT PROBES INTO JUPITER, WHICH IS A 24:36.433 --> 24:40.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% GAS PLANET, SO WE CANNOT REALLY LAND ON IT, BUT WE HAVE 24:40.000 --> 24:40.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% PENETRATED THE GAS. 24:40.967 --> 24:44.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO, WE REALLY HAVE BEEN -- WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT ROBOTS, WE'VE 24:44.333 --> 24:48.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% BEEN TO ALL OF THE PLANETS, AND NOW, WE'VE BEEN TO SEVERAL 24:48.500 --> 24:51.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% ASTEROIDS, AS WELL AS A COUPLE OF COMETS. 24:51.600 --> 24:53.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> DEAN, BEFORE WE RUN OUT OF TIME, LET ME ASK, WHY DID YOU 24:53.967 --> 24:57.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% PICK A JOB WORKING WITH TECHNOLOGY? 24:57.600 --> 25:00.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I HAVE ALWAYS ENJOYED TECHNOLOGY. 25:00.500 --> 25:04.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHEN I WAS A STUDENT IN HIGH SCHOOL, I STARTED DESIGNING THE 25:04.734 --> 25:10.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRST PRODUCTS THAT I SOLD, AND BEYOND THAT, I HAVE JUST ENJOYED 25:10.533 --> 25:12.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% CREATING THINGS. 25:12.734 --> 25:17.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT'S -- BEING AN ENGINEER, EVERY DAY, I GET TO CREATIVELY 25:17.000 --> 25:20.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOLVE PROBLEMS, AND THAT'S VERY REWARDING. 25:20.000 --> 25:22.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> AND JOSH, AS SOMEONE WHO IS INTERESTED IN WORKING WITH OR 25:22.633 --> 25:27.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% DESIGNING OR BUILDING ROBOTS, WHAT SHOULD HE OR SHE STUDY IN 25:27.000 --> 25:27.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% SCHOOL? 25:27.800 --> 25:32.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> SO, ROBOTS ARE MACHINES, AND MACHINES ARE NORMALLY BUILT AND 25:32.266 --> 25:33.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% DESIGNED BY ENGINEERS. 25:33.900 --> 25:37.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO BE AN ENGINEER, YOU NEED TO KNOW A LOT OF MATH AND SCIENCE, 25:37.533 --> 25:40.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND YOU DON'T HAVE TO NECESSARILY REALLY LIKE MATH. 25:40.367 --> 25:43.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN FACT, MOST ENGINEERS THAT ISSUE, DON'T REALLY LIKE MATH. 25:43.333 --> 25:46.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY THINK THE MATH IS SOMETHING THAT THEY HAVE TO DO, SO THAT 25:46.500 --> 25:47.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY CAN BUILD THINGS. 25:47.700 --> 25:50.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHAT YOU REALLY HAVE TO HAVE TO BE AN ENGINEER IS AN INTEREST IN 25:50.633 --> 25:55.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% UNDERSTANDING HOW THINGS WORK, AND THE PATIENCE TO LEARN HOW 25:55.633 --> 25:57.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% THINGS WORK. 25:57.700 --> 26:01.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHAT I WOULD TELL STUDENTS WHO ARE INTERESTED IN GETTING INTO 26:01.800 --> 26:06.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUILDING ROBOTS, IS TO PAY ATTENTION IN SCHOOL, IN ALL 26:06.433 --> 26:10.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% SUBJECT AREAS, AND REMEMBER THAT MATH AND SCIENCE, EVEN IF IT'S A 26:10.633 --> 26:13.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% TOPIC THAT'S NOT VERY INTERESTING TO YOU DIRECTLY, 26:13.166 --> 26:14.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT IS WHAT WE BUILD ALL OF THE ENGINEERING ON. 26:14.867 --> 26:17.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU DON'T UNDERSTAND HOW THE WORLD WORKS, YOU CANNOT 26:17.266 --> 26:20.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% UNDERSTAND HOW TO BUILD SOMETHING THAT IS GOING TO WORK 26:20.166 --> 26:22.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN THE WORLD. 26:22.433 --> 26:26.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND THEN, YOU CAN GO OFF AND YOU CAN START WORKING RIGHT NOW. 26:26.600 --> 26:29.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU CAN BUILD WHATEVER YOU WANT. 26:29.734 --> 26:33.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN YOUR PARENT'S GARAGE WITH THEIR PERMISSION, BUT THERE IS 26:33.066 --> 26:35.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% NOTHING THAT SAYS THAT YOU HAVE TO WAIT UNTIL YOU HAVE A DEGREE 26:35.500 --> 26:37.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% FROM COLLEGE BEFORE YOU CAN START BUILDING ROBOTS. 26:37.533 --> 26:41.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU CAN START BUILDING ROBOTS WHENEVER YOU WANT. 26:41.533 --> 26:42.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> YEAH, ABSOLUTELY. 26:42.433 --> 26:49.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% GET INVOLVED IN THE ROBOT PRRAMS THAT ARE AVAILABLE FOR YOU. 26:49.266 --> 26:54.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% THERE IS IF I -- FIRST LEGO LEAGUE THAT START IN KINDERGARTEN AND 26:54.800 --> 26:59.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% GO UP PAST 7th GRADE, AND FIRST TECH CHALLENGE IS FOR 26:59.900 --> 27:04.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% JUNIOR AND SENIOR HIGH STUDENTS, AND THE ULTIMATE CHALLENGE, THE 27:04.600 --> 27:07.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRST ROBOTS' CHALLENGE IS FOR SENIOR HIGH STUDENTS, AND THAT'S 27:07.433 --> 27:10.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHERE YOU GET TO BUILD THE WILD ROBOTS. 27:10.800 --> 27:12.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I AM SORRY, WE HAVE RUN OUT OF TIME. 27:12.433 --> 27:14.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% THANK YOU FOR ANSWERING THE STUDENTS' QUESTIONS. 27:14.800 --> 27:16.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THANKS, IT HAS BEEN FUN. 27:16.867 --> 27:17.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> IT'S BEEN GOOD. 27:17.700 --> 27:20.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> OUR THANKS TO THE FOLKS HERE AT MICRON FOR HOSTING US. 27:20.800 --> 27:23.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU HAVE A QUESTION FOR A SHOW, YOU CAN EMAIL IT OR SEND 27:23.900 --> 27:25.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% US AS A VIDEO QUESTION. 27:25.066 --> 27:28.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% RECORD IT ON YOUR CELL PHONE, TABLET OR WEB CAM, AND IF YOU 27:28.367 --> 27:31.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% ARE AN EDUCATOR, WE'LL LEND YOU A CAMERA, IF YOU SEND IN A 27:31.533 --> 27:33.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% QUESTION, YOU CAN WIN PRIZES. 27:33.166 --> 27:39.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% OUR LAST PRIZE WINNER WAS BRADEN IN MRS. HUNT'S CLASS AT CYNTHIA 27:39.367 --> 27:40.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% MANN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. 27:40.533 --> 27:44.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% GO TO THE ROBOT SECTION OF THE SCIENCE TREK WEBSITE FOR FACTS, 27:44.166 --> 27:47.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% LINKS, LESSON PLANS AND MORE, OR WATCH SCIENCE TREK THE WEB SHOW, 27:47.967 --> 27:51.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SEND IN YOUR QUESTIONS AND EACH WEEK CHECK OUT MY BLOG. 27:51.266 --> 27:56.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU WILL FIND IT ALL AT IDAHOPTV.ORG/SCIENCETREK. 27:56.266 --> 27:57.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% THANKS FOR JOINING US. 27:57.000 --> 28:20.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME ON SCIENCE TREK. 28:20.333 --> 28:23.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> PRESENTATION OF SCIENCE TREK ON IDAHO PUBLIC TELEVISION IS 28:23.066 --> 28:25.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% MADE POSSIBLE THROUGH THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF THE LAURA 28:25.800 --> 28:28.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% MOORE CUNNINGHAM FOUNDATION. 28:28.000 --> 28:30.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% COMMITTED TO FULFILLING THE MOORE FAMILY LEGACY OF BUILDING 28:30.967 --> 28:37.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE GREAT STATE OF IDAHO. 28:37.266 --> 28:40.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS TOPIC OR WATCH OUR 28:40.000 --> 28:44.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% VIDEOS, CHECK OUT THE SCIENCE TREK WEBSITE AT