1
00:00:01,266 --> 00:00:02,533
JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN, HOST: INSIDE

2
00:00:02,533 --> 00:00:03,900
YOUR SKULL IS THE THING THAT

3
00:00:03,900 --> 00:00:05,500
CONTROLS EVERYTHING YOU DO.

4
00:00:05,500 --> 00:00:06,700
YOUR BRAIN.

5
00:00:06,700 --> 00:00:07,867
FIND OUT MORE.

6
00:00:07,867 --> 00:00:09,266
OH, WAIT A MINUTE.

7
00:00:09,266 --> 00:00:10,633
YOU'RE GOING TO NEED THIS.

8
00:00:10,633 --> 00:00:12,000
I'LL PUT IT BACK AND WE CAN GET

9
00:00:12,000 --> 00:00:13,333
STARTED WITH THE SHOW.

10
00:00:13,900 --> 00:00:18,166
(MUSIC)

11
00:00:18,166 --> 00:00:19,333
THE BRAIN WEIGHS ABOUT

12
00:00:19,333 --> 00:00:20,433
THREE POUNDS.

13
00:00:20,433 --> 00:00:22,000
ITS MADE UP OF 100 BILLION NERVE

14
00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:23,900
CELLS OR NEURONS.

15
00:00:23,900 --> 00:00:25,700
ELECTRICAL MESSAGES PASS FROM

16
00:00:25,700 --> 00:00:26,800
CELL TO CELL.

17
00:00:26,800 --> 00:00:28,633
MESSAGES GO OUT OF YOUR BRAIN,

18
00:00:28,633 --> 00:00:30,367
DOWN YOUR SPINAL CORD AND OUT TO

19
00:00:30,367 --> 00:00:32,066
YOUR BODY AND THEN BACK AGAIN,

20
00:00:32,066 --> 00:00:33,166
ALL IN AN INSTANT.

21
00:00:33,166 --> 00:00:34,700
THE BRAIN, THE SPINAL CORD AND

22
00:00:34,700 --> 00:00:36,166
ALL THOSE NERVES MAKE UP THE

23
00:00:36,166 --> 00:00:37,433
NERVOUS SYSTEM.

24
00:00:37,433 --> 00:00:38,800
IT'S YOUR BODY'S INFORMATION

25
00:00:38,800 --> 00:00:40,066
SYSTEM.

26
00:00:40,066 --> 00:00:41,433
THE BRAIN IS MADE UP OF SEVERAL

27
00:00:41,433 --> 00:00:42,500
PARTS.

28
00:00:42,500 --> 00:00:43,867
THERE 'S THE BRAIN STEM.

29
00:00:43,867 --> 00:00:45,233
IT CONTROLS YOUR BODY'S BASIC

30
00:00:45,233 --> 00:00:46,333
AUTOMATIC FUNCTIONS, LIKE

31
00:00:46,333 --> 00:00:47,333
BREATHING.

32
00:00:47,333 --> 00:00:49,066
THE CEREBELLUM CONTROLS THINGS

33
00:00:49,066 --> 00:00:50,500
LIKE YOUR MOVEMENT, YOUR

34
00:00:50,500 --> 00:00:51,633
PHYSICAL SKILLS.

35
00:00:51,633 --> 00:00:53,000
AND THEN THERE IS THE LIMBIC

36
00:00:53,000 --> 00:00:54,333
SYSTEM THAT IS IMPORTANT FOR

37
00:00:54,333 --> 00:00:55,967
EMOTION, MEMORY AND LEARNING.

38
00:00:55,967 --> 00:00:57,633
IT MAKES UP ABOUT ONE FIFTH OF

39
00:00:57,633 --> 00:00:59,066
YOUR BRAIN.

40
00:00:59,066 --> 00:01:00,600
THERE STRUCTURES LIKE THE

41
00:01:00,600 --> 00:01:02,367
PITUITARY AND HYPOTHALAMUS.

42
00:01:02,367 --> 00:01:03,734
THEY WORK WITH THE BRAIN STEM TO

43
00:01:03,734 --> 00:01:05,367
CONTROL BODY TEMPERATURE, GROWTH

44
00:01:05,367 --> 00:01:06,867
AND BLOOD PRESSURE.

45
00:01:06,867 --> 00:01:08,333
AND THEN THERE'S THE CEREBRUM.

46
00:01:08,333 --> 00:01:09,700
THIS IS THE THINKING, CREATIVE

47
00:01:09,700 --> 00:01:10,967
PART OF YOUR BRAIN.

48
00:01:10,967 --> 00:01:12,266
IT'S ALSO THE BIGGEST PART OF

49
00:01:12,266 --> 00:01:13,266
YOUR BRAIN.

50
00:01:13,266 --> 00:01:14,867
ALONG WITH ITS THIN COVERING,

51
00:01:14,867 --> 00:01:16,600
THE CORTEX, IT'S THE PART OF

52
00:01:16,600 --> 00:01:18,000
YOUR BRAIN THAT GOVERNS

53
00:01:18,000 --> 00:01:19,266
VOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS.

54
00:01:19,266 --> 00:01:20,734
ITS WHERE YOU THINK, WHERE YOU

55
00:01:20,734 --> 00:01:22,333
PERCEIVE OR SENSE THINGS.

56
00:01:22,333 --> 00:01:23,867
AND BECAUSE OF YOUR CORTEX, YOU

57
00:01:23,867 --> 00:01:25,533
CAN UNDERSTAND, LEARN, REMEMBER

58
00:01:25,533 --> 00:01:28,166
COMMUNICATE AND CREATE.

59
00:01:28,166 --> 00:01:29,800
THE BRAIN'S SURFACE IS COVERED

60
00:01:29,800 --> 00:01:31,633
WITH WRINKLES AND GROOVES.

61
00:01:31,633 --> 00:01:33,066
THESE WRINKLES AND FOLDS ALLOW

62
00:01:33,066 --> 00:01:34,700
THE BRAIN TO HAVE A MUCH LARGER

63
00:01:34,700 --> 00:01:35,800
SURFACE AREA.

64
00:01:35,800 --> 00:01:37,333
AND A BRAIN WITH MORE SURFACE

65
00:01:37,333 --> 00:01:38,433
AREA CAN PROCESS MORE

66
00:01:38,433 --> 00:01:39,867
INFORMATION.

67
00:01:39,867 --> 00:01:41,100
STUDENT: IT'S KIND OF LIKE

68
00:01:41,100 --> 00:01:42,600
TRYING TO TAKE A PIECE A PAPER

69
00:01:42,600 --> 00:01:44,266
AND FIT IT INTO A PLASTIC EASTER

70
00:01:44,266 --> 00:01:45,066
EGG.

71
00:01:45,066 --> 00:01:46,333
IF IT'S FLAT IT WON'T FIT VERY

72
00:01:46,333 --> 00:01:47,433
WELL.

73
00:01:47,433 --> 00:01:51,433
BUT IF YOU CRUMPLE IT UP,

74
00:01:52,333 --> 00:01:58,367
(CRUMPLING PAPER)

75
00:01:58,367 --> 00:01:59,633
IT FITS NICELY.

76
00:01:59,633 --> 00:02:01,066
AND THAT'S HOW YOUR BRAIN CAN

77
00:02:01,066 --> 00:02:02,633
USE A LOT OF SURFACE AREA FOR

78
00:02:02,633 --> 00:02:04,000
PROCESS POWER AND STILL FIT

79
00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:05,800
INSIDE YOUR HEAD.

80
00:02:05,800 --> 00:02:07,266
CARTAN-HANSEN: THE BRAIN HAS TWO

81
00:02:07,266 --> 00:02:09,100
HEMISPHERES AND THERE IS BAND OF

82
00:02:09,100 --> 00:02:10,900
FIBERS BETWEEN THE TWO PARTS OR

83
00:02:10,900 --> 00:02:12,600
HEMISPHERES OF THE BRAIN SO THAT

84
00:02:12,600 --> 00:02:13,900
THE LEFT SIDE KNOWS WHAT THE

85
00:02:13,900 --> 00:02:15,900
RIGHT SIDE IS DOING.

86
00:02:15,900 --> 00:02:17,166
STUDENT: THE HUMAN BRAIN IS SO

87
00:02:17,166 --> 00:02:18,600
SOFT THAT YOU COULD CUT IT WITH

88
00:02:18,600 --> 00:02:21,433
A BUTTER KNIFE.

89
00:02:21,433 --> 00:02:22,967
THAT'S WHY YOU SHOULD WEAR YOUR

90
00:02:22,967 --> 00:02:25,900
HELMET WHEN YOU RIDE YOUR BIKE.

91
00:02:25,900 --> 00:02:28,800
YOU NEED TO PROTECT YOUR BRAIN!

92
00:02:28,800 --> 00:02:30,533
CARTAN-HANSEN: YOUR BRAIN AND

93
00:02:30,533 --> 00:02:31,900
BODY ALSO PUT OUT CHEMICALS

94
00:02:31,900 --> 00:02:33,000
CALLED HORMONES OR

95
00:02:33,000 --> 00:02:34,533
NEUROTRANSIMTERS.

96
00:02:34,533 --> 00:02:36,000
HORMONES HELP REGULATE YOUR

97
00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:37,600
BODY'S GROWTH, HELP YOU MATURE,

98
00:02:37,600 --> 00:02:39,100
MAINTAIN DIGESTION, EVEN TELL

99
00:02:39,100 --> 00:02:40,900
YOU WHEN TO SLEEP.

100
00:02:40,900 --> 00:02:42,433
NEUROTRANSMITTERS ARE CHEMICALS

101
00:02:42,433 --> 00:02:44,100
THAT SEND MESSAGES BETWEEN BRAIN

102
00:02:44,100 --> 00:02:46,066
CELLS OR NEURONS.

103
00:02:46,066 --> 00:02:47,700
SOME NEUROTRANSMITTERS TELL YOUR

104
00:02:47,700 --> 00:02:49,166
HEART TO BEAT OR YOUR LUNGS TO

105
00:02:49,166 --> 00:02:50,533
BREATHE OR MUSCLES TO MOVE WHILE

106
00:02:50,533 --> 00:02:53,367
OTHERS REGULATE YOUR FEELINGS,

107
00:02:53,367 --> 00:02:55,533
ATTENTION, OR BEHAVIOR.

108
00:02:55,533 --> 00:02:57,000
THESE CHEMICALS PLAY A PART IN

109
00:02:57,000 --> 00:02:58,700
HOW YOU REMEMBER THINGS.

110
00:02:58,700 --> 00:03:00,967
WHY YOU DREAM, WHO YOU ARE.

111
00:03:00,967 --> 00:03:02,433
EVERYTHING THAT HAPPENS IN YOUR

112
00:03:02,433 --> 00:03:03,800
BODY, YOUR THOUGHTS, YOUR

113
00:03:03,800 --> 00:03:05,266
FEELINGS, YOUR BREATHING, YOUR

114
00:03:05,266 --> 00:03:07,000
GROWING ARE ALL CONTROLLED BY

115
00:03:07,000 --> 00:03:08,533
YOUR BRAIN.

116
00:03:08,533 --> 00:03:09,900
AND THE BRAIN CONTINUES TO

117
00:03:09,900 --> 00:03:11,600
DEVELOP EVEN AFTER YOU'RE BORN.

118
00:03:11,600 --> 00:03:13,100
AND IT CONTINUES TO CHANGE EVEN

119
00:03:13,100 --> 00:03:14,500
AS AN ADULT.

120
00:03:14,500 --> 00:03:16,166
YOUR BRAIN IS WHAT MAKES YOU,

121
00:03:16,166 --> 00:03:17,633
YOU.

122
00:03:17,633 --> 00:03:19,000
IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT

123
00:03:19,000 --> 00:03:20,433
THE BRAIN AND LOTS OF OTHER

124
00:03:20,433 --> 00:03:21,967
SCIENTIFIC TOPICS, CHECK OUT THE

125
00:03:21,967 --> 00:03:23,233
SCIENCE TREK WEBSITE.

126
00:03:23,233 --> 00:03:24,333
YOU'LL FIND IT AT

127
00:03:24,333 --> 00:03:27,100
IDAHOPTV.ORG/SCIENCE TREK

128
00:03:28,266 --> 00:03:43,066
(MUSIC)

129
00:03:46,500 --> 00:03:47,700
NARRATOR: PRESENTATION

130
00:03:47,700 --> 00:03:49,433
OF SCIENCE TREK ON IDAHO PUBLIC

131
00:03:49,433 --> 00:03:51,000
TELEVISION IS MADE POSSIBLE

132
00:03:51,000 --> 00:03:52,500
THROUGH THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF

133
00:03:52,500 --> 00:03:53,900
THE LAURA MOORE CUNNINGHAM

134
00:03:53,900 --> 00:03:55,533
FOUNDATION, COMMITTED TO

135
00:03:55,533 --> 00:03:57,066
FULFILLING THE MOORE AND BETTIS

136
00:03:57,066 --> 00:03:58,867
FAMILY LEGACY OF BUILDING THE

137
00:03:58,867 --> 00:04:01,000
GREAT STATE OF IDAHO; BY THE

138
00:04:01,000 --> 00:04:02,800
IDAHO NATIONAL LABORATORY,

139
00:04:02,800 --> 00:04:04,333
MENTORING TALENT AND FINDING

140
00:04:04,333 --> 00:04:06,700
SOLUTIONS FOR ENERGY AND

141
00:04:06,700 --> 00:04:09,000
SECURITY CHALLENGES; BY THE

142
00:04:09,000 --> 00:04:10,433
FRIENDS OF IDAHO PUBLIC

143
00:04:10,433 --> 00:04:11,700
TELEVISION; AND BY THE

144
00:04:11,700 --> 00:04:12,734
CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC

145
00:04:12,734 --> 00:04:14,700
BROADCASTING.