WEBVTT

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(MUSIC)

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JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN,

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HOST: HOW DO YOU KNOW WHAT IS IN

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COMPOUND?

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YOU FIND OUT ITS CHEMICAL

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FORMULA.

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FIRST, EVERY ELEMENT HAS ITS OWN

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SYMBOL.

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FOR EXAMPLE, SODIUM IS LISTED AS

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NA.

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WHEN YOU COMBINE ONE ION OF

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SODIUM WITH ONE ION OF CHLORINE

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IN A ONE TO ONE RATIO, YOU GET

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NACL OR SODIUM CLORIDE.

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WE KNOW THAT AS SALT.

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SO, SALT'S CHEMICAL FORMULA IS

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NACL.

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SOMETIMES YOU HAVE MORE THAN ONE

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ATOM OF AN ELEMENT IN A

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COMPOUND.

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WATER'S CHEMICAL FORMULA IS H20.

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THE SMALL LOWER 2 TELL YOU THAT

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THERE ARE TWO ATOMS OF HYDROGEN

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FOR EVERY ONE ATOM OF OXYGEN IN

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WATER.

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AND HOW DO SCIENTISTS DECIDE THE

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ORDER OF ELEMENTS IN A CHEMICAL

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FORMULA?

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IN THE HILL METHOD, CARBON GOES

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FIRST, THEN HYDROGEN THEN THE

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OTHER ELEMENTS FOLLOW

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ALPHABETICALLY.

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SO, A CHEMICAL FORMULA IS A LIST

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OF THE TYPE AND NUMBER OF

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ELEMENTS FOUND IN A COMPOUND.

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FOR MORE INFORMATION, CHECK OUT

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THE SCIENCE TREK WEBSITE.

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YOU'LL FIND IT AT

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IDAHOPTV.ORG/SCIENCE TREK

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(MUSIC)