1 00:00:03,536 --> 00:00:04,804 >>> PRESENTATION OF "D4K" ON IDAHO PUBLIC TELEVISION 2 00:00:04,804 --> 00:00:07,640 IS MADE POSSIBLE THROUGH THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF 3 00:00:07,640 --> 00:00:10,010 THE LAURA MOORE CUNNINGHAM FOUNDATION. 4 00:00:10,010 --> 00:00:12,645 COMMITTED TO FULFILLING THE MOORE FAMILY LEGACY OF BUILDING 5 00:00:12,645 --> 00:00:15,982 THE GREAT STATE OF IDAHO. 6 00:00:16,649 --> 00:00:19,085 >> BEES ARE ESSENTIAL FOR LIFE ON EARTH. 7 00:00:19,386 --> 00:00:21,654 THEY HELP POLLINATE PLANTS SO WE HAVE FOOD. 8 00:00:21,654 --> 00:00:22,922 HAVE A QUESTION ABOUT BEES? 9 00:00:22,922 --> 00:00:24,391 WE STANDING BY WITH ANSWERS. 10 00:00:24,391 --> 00:00:25,191 STAY TUNED. 11 00:00:25,191 --> 00:00:28,294 "D4K" IS NEXT. 12 00:00:40,940 --> 00:00:41,941 >> I'M JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN. 13 00:00:41,941 --> 00:00:42,742 WELCOME TO "D4K." 14 00:00:42,742 --> 00:00:44,110 THE PLACE FOR SCIENCE. 15 00:00:44,110 --> 00:00:47,047 BEFORE WE GO TO YOUR QUESTIONS, LET'S LEARN A LITTLE BIT MORE 16 00:00:47,047 --> 00:00:51,651 ABOUT BEES. 17 00:00:51,651 --> 00:00:56,489 A BEE IS AN INSECT, AND ALL INSECTS HAVE THREE MAIN BODY 18 00:00:56,489 --> 00:00:58,992 PARTS -- A HEAD, A THORAX, AND AN 19 00:00:58,992 --> 00:01:00,627 ABDOMEN. 20 00:01:00,627 --> 00:01:03,229 THERE ARE MORE THAN 20,000 DIFFERENT KINDS OF BEES ALL OVER 21 00:01:03,229 --> 00:01:05,098 THE WORLD. 22 00:01:05,098 --> 00:01:08,234 THE HONEY BEE IS THE MOST WELL KNOWN. 23 00:01:08,234 --> 00:01:11,104 A HONEY BEE HAS TWO ANTENNA TO HELP THE BEE TOUCH, TASTE, AND 24 00:01:11,104 --> 00:01:12,972 SMELL. 25 00:01:12,972 --> 00:01:16,643 IT HAS A LONG TONGUE CALLED A PROBOSCIS. 26 00:01:16,643 --> 00:01:20,180 BEES USE IT TO SIP NECTAR FROM FLOWERS. 27 00:01:20,180 --> 00:01:23,550 A HONEY BEE HAS COMPOUND EYES, WHICH MEANS THE EYES ARE MADE UP 28 00:01:23,550 --> 00:01:25,118 OF MANY TINY PARTS. 29 00:01:25,118 --> 00:01:27,354 HONEY BEES HAVE FOUR WINGS THAT ALLOW IT TO FLY UP TO 10 HOURS A 30 00:01:27,354 --> 00:01:31,291 DAY. 31 00:01:31,291 --> 00:01:34,761 THAT BUZZ YOU HEAR IS THE SOUND OF THE BEE FLAPPING ITS WINGS AT 32 00:01:34,761 --> 00:01:37,897 OVER 200 TIMES A SECOND. 33 00:01:37,897 --> 00:01:40,734 IT HAS A SPECIAL STOMACH TO HOLD NECTAR, AND ITS BODY IS COVERED 34 00:01:40,734 --> 00:01:43,536 WITH HAIR TO HELP PICK UP POLLEN. 35 00:01:43,536 --> 00:01:46,206 HONEY BEES HAVE BRIGHT STRIPES TO SCARE ENEMIES AWAY, AND A 36 00:01:46,206 --> 00:01:48,775 SHARP STINGER. 37 00:01:48,775 --> 00:01:51,945 LIKE PEOPLE, HONEY BEES ARE SOCIAL CREATURES. 38 00:01:51,945 --> 00:01:53,680 THEY LIKE TO LIVE TOGETHER IN A COLONY. 39 00:01:53,680 --> 00:01:56,950 THE PLACE A HONEY BEE LIVES IS CALLED A HIVE. 40 00:01:56,950 --> 00:01:59,986 HIVES CAN BE IN TREES, IN THE GROUND, OR IF THE BEES ARE BEING 41 00:01:59,986 --> 00:02:04,057 RAISED BY BEEKEEPERS, THEY LIVE IN BOXES LIKE THESE. 42 00:02:04,057 --> 00:02:06,593 HONEY BEES LIVE A VERY BUSY LIFE. 43 00:02:06,593 --> 00:02:08,528 THE QUEEN BEE RULES THE HIVE. 44 00:02:08,528 --> 00:02:11,898 SHE CAN LAY THOUSANDS OF EGGS IN A DAY. 45 00:02:11,898 --> 00:02:21,441 DRONES ARE MALE BEES. 46 00:02:21,441 --> 00:02:22,275 THEY MATE WITH A QUEEN BEE. 47 00:02:22,275 --> 00:02:23,710 THE REST ARE WORKER BEES, AND THEY ARE ALL FEMALE. 48 00:02:23,710 --> 00:02:24,377 THEY DON'T LAY EGGS. 49 00:02:24,377 --> 00:02:25,178 THEY DO ALL THE OTHER JOBS. 50 00:02:25,178 --> 00:02:27,180 HOUSEWORKER BEES MAKE THE HONEY COMB CELLS YOU SEE IN A HIVE. 51 00:02:27,180 --> 00:02:28,915 THESE CELLS ARE MADE OUT OF WAX THAT COMES OUT OF THE BEE'S 52 00:02:28,915 --> 00:02:31,818 BODY. 53 00:02:31,818 --> 00:02:34,287 THE CELLS ARE MADE INTO A SIX-SIDED HEXAGONAL SHAPE. 54 00:02:34,287 --> 00:02:37,457 THE QUEEN BEE LAYS EGGS IN SOME CELLS, AND OTHER BEES STORE 55 00:02:37,457 --> 00:02:39,826 NECTAR AND POLLEN IN THE REST. 56 00:02:39,826 --> 00:02:43,129 HOUSEWORKER BEES TEND THE EGGS AS THEY HATCH INTO LARVA, AND 57 00:02:43,129 --> 00:02:45,765 THEN INTO BABY BEES. 58 00:02:45,765 --> 00:02:47,901 GUARD BEES PROTECT THE ENTRANCE TO THE HIVE. 59 00:02:47,901 --> 00:02:49,536 THEY MAKE SURE BEES FROM OTHER COLONIES DON'T GET INTO THE 60 00:02:49,536 --> 00:02:53,940 HIVE. 61 00:02:53,940 --> 00:02:57,143 AND HOW DO THEY TELL A ROBBER BEE FROM ONE OF THEIR OWN? 62 00:02:57,143 --> 00:02:59,145 BY SMELL. 63 00:02:59,145 --> 00:03:00,980 BEES IN A HIVE GENERALLY ALL COME FROM ONE QUEEN, SO THEY ALL 64 00:03:00,980 --> 00:03:01,614 SHARE HER SCENT. 65 00:03:01,614 --> 00:03:05,418 SO GUARD BEES CAN SMELL A STRANGER. 66 00:03:05,418 --> 00:03:08,722 MOST WORKER BEES ARE FORAGERS. 67 00:03:08,722 --> 00:03:10,423 THEY GO TO A FLOWER, SUCK OUT THE FLOWER'S NECTAR, AND PICK UP 68 00:03:10,423 --> 00:03:12,992 THE FLOWER'S POLLEN. 69 00:03:12,992 --> 00:03:16,996 A HONEY BEE CAN VISIT THOUSANDS OF FLOWERS EACH DAY, FILLING UP 70 00:03:16,996 --> 00:03:21,001 ITS POLLEN POCKETS AND NECTAR STOMACH, GOING BACK TO DEPOSIT 71 00:03:21,001 --> 00:03:24,337 ITS COLLECTIONS IN THE HIVE, AND THEN GOING BACK OUT FOR MORE. 72 00:03:24,337 --> 00:03:28,441 THE PROCESS BENEFITS BOTH THE BEES AND THE FLOWERS. 73 00:03:28,441 --> 00:03:32,278 FLOWERS NEED POLLEN FROM OTHER FLOWERS TO GROW SEEDS. 74 00:03:32,278 --> 00:03:36,549 SO FLOWERS PRODUCE NECTAR AND POLLEN TO ATTRACT BEES, AND THEN 75 00:03:36,549 --> 00:03:38,651 BEES COME AND SPREAD POLLEN AS THEY FLIT FROM ONE FLOWER TO 76 00:03:38,651 --> 00:03:41,121 ANOTHER. 77 00:03:41,121 --> 00:03:43,890 THE BEES GET THE FOOD THEY NEED, AND THE FLOWERS GET THEIR POLLEN 78 00:03:43,890 --> 00:03:46,393 SPREAD AROUND. 79 00:03:46,393 --> 00:03:50,930 NOW, HOW DO YOU THINK THE HONEY BEES TELL EACH OTHER WHERE ALL 80 00:03:50,930 --> 00:03:52,032 THE FLOWERS ARE? 81 00:03:52,032 --> 00:03:53,667 THEY DANCE. 82 00:03:53,667 --> 00:03:56,102 AH, NO. 83 00:03:56,102 --> 00:03:58,038 BEES FLY OUT OF THE HIVE IN A CIRCULAR PATTERN TO FIND 84 00:03:58,038 --> 00:04:00,507 FLOWERS. 85 00:04:00,507 --> 00:04:03,243 WHEN ONE FINDS FLOWERS, IT GOES BACK TO THE HIVE AND DOES A 86 00:04:03,243 --> 00:04:04,711 DANCE. 87 00:04:04,711 --> 00:04:13,253 IF THE FLOWERS ARE IN THE DIRECTION OF THE SUN, IT DANCES 88 00:04:13,253 --> 00:04:14,054 A FIGURE EIGHT PATTERN. 89 00:04:14,054 --> 00:04:15,889 IF THE FLOWERS ARE TO THE RIGHT OF THE SUN, IT RUNS UP AND DOWN 90 00:04:15,889 --> 00:04:16,723 THE HONEY COMB TOWARD THE RIGHT. 91 00:04:16,723 --> 00:04:18,725 IF THEY ARE ON THE LEFT, THE BEE DANCES TOWARD THE LEFT. 92 00:04:18,725 --> 00:04:22,629 THE FASTER IT DANCES, THE CLOSER THE FOOD. 93 00:04:22,629 --> 00:04:26,900 HONEY BEES ARE THE ONLY INSECT THAT MAKES FOOD PEOPLE EAT. 94 00:04:26,900 --> 00:04:30,437 HONEY COMES FROM THE NECTAR THE BEES STORE IN THE HIVE. 95 00:04:30,437 --> 00:04:33,340 THOUGH THE HONEY BEES ARE THE MOST WELL-KNOWN, THERE ARE LOTS 96 00:04:33,340 --> 00:04:35,542 OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF BEES. 97 00:04:35,542 --> 00:04:37,444 THEY COME IN ALL DIFFERENT COLORS AND LIVE IN LOTS OF 98 00:04:37,444 --> 00:04:39,346 DIFFERENT PLACES. 99 00:04:39,346 --> 00:04:42,282 THEY DON'T ALL MAKE HONEY, BUT THEY ALL DO PLAY AN IMPORTANT 100 00:04:42,282 --> 00:04:45,118 ROLE IN OUR ECOSYSTEM. 101 00:04:45,118 --> 00:04:48,121 WITHOUT BEES AND THEIR POLLINATION, PLANTS WOULDN'T BE 102 00:04:48,121 --> 00:04:50,924 ABLE TO PRODUCE THE FOOD WE EAT. 103 00:04:50,924 --> 00:04:53,660 SO BEES, FLOWERS, AND PEOPLE ALL WORK TOGETHER. 104 00:04:53,660 --> 00:04:57,764 ISN'T THAT SWEET? 105 00:04:57,764 --> 00:05:00,600 JOINING ME NOW TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT BEES ARE RON 106 00:05:00,600 --> 00:05:03,203 BITNER A PARTNER AT INTERNATIONAL POLLINATION 107 00:05:03,203 --> 00:05:05,572 SYSTEMS, AND OWNER OF BITNER VINEYARDS IN CALDWELL. 108 00:05:05,572 --> 00:05:07,941 THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE. 109 00:05:07,941 --> 00:05:11,478 AND ALSO JOINING US IS KIRK TUBBS, OWNER OF TUBBS BERRY FARM 110 00:05:11,478 --> 00:05:18,351 AND MANAGER OF THE TWIN FALLS PEST ABATEMENT DISTRICT. 111 00:05:18,351 --> 00:05:19,886 THANK YOU BOTH FOR BEING HERE. 112 00:05:19,886 --> 00:05:22,422 OK, LET'S GO TO YOUR QUESTIONS. 113 00:05:22,422 --> 00:05:25,225 >> MY NAME IS JOHN, I GO TO DALTON ELEMENTARY, AND MY 114 00:05:25,225 --> 00:05:29,863 QUESTION IS, WHY DO BEES POLLINATE FLOWERS? 115 00:05:29,863 --> 00:05:32,265 >> THE POLLEN IS THE PROTEIN SOURCE THE EGG IS GOING TO BE 116 00:05:32,265 --> 00:05:33,633 LAID ON. 117 00:05:33,633 --> 00:05:38,071 IT'S A BENEFIT TO THE FLOWER BECAUSE THEY MOVE POLLEN FROM 118 00:05:38,071 --> 00:05:40,440 FLOWER TO FLOWER, SO THE SEEDS WILL DEVELOP. 119 00:05:40,440 --> 00:05:45,345 BUT IT'S STRICTLY A POLLEN SOURCE, THE PROTEIN FOR THE BEES 120 00:05:45,345 --> 00:05:47,747 TO LAY THEIR EGGS ON. 121 00:05:47,747 --> 00:05:48,081 >> HI. 122 00:05:48,081 --> 00:05:55,522 MY NAME IS LEDGER. 123 00:05:55,522 --> 00:05:59,292 MY QUESTION IS, WHY DO BEES STING? 124 00:05:59,292 --> 00:06:01,761 >> LEDGER, IF YOU THINK OF HONEY BEES AND HOW SMALL THEY ARE, 125 00:06:01,761 --> 00:06:03,963 THEY HAVE TO PROTECT THEIR WINTER FOOD. 126 00:06:03,963 --> 00:06:08,134 AND SO THAT STINGER IS THEIR WAY TO DEFEND IT. 127 00:06:08,134 --> 00:06:11,137 AGAIN, THINK OF THINGS LIKE BEARS THAT WANT TO BREAK IN AND 128 00:06:11,137 --> 00:06:11,771 EAT THE HONEY. 129 00:06:11,771 --> 00:06:14,607 THEY'VE HAD TO EVOLVE A WAY TO PROTECT THEMSELVES AGAINST 130 00:06:14,607 --> 00:06:16,409 SOMETHING BIG LIKE THAT. 131 00:06:16,409 --> 00:06:19,412 BUT BEES DON'T LIKE TO STING UNLESS THEY HAVE TO, BECAUSE 132 00:06:19,412 --> 00:06:20,847 WHEN THEY STING, THEY DIE. 133 00:06:20,847 --> 00:06:24,784 SO IT'S SOMETHING THEY SAVE UNTIL THEY ABSOLUTELY HAVE TO. 134 00:06:24,784 --> 00:06:26,786 SOMETIMES IF YOU GO -- IF YOU ACCIDENTALLY STEP ON A 135 00:06:26,786 --> 00:06:32,158 BEE IT WILL STING YOU BECAUSE, WELL, IT FEELS LIKE IT'S DYING. 136 00:06:32,158 --> 00:06:36,896 >> MOLLY WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY IS THERE A QUEEN BEE? 137 00:06:36,896 --> 00:06:40,100 >> IN THE HIVE, SHE'S THE ONE THAT HELPS REGULATE THE HIVE. 138 00:06:40,100 --> 00:06:48,008 SHE HAS HER SMELL, HER PHEROMONES THAT CALMS AND 139 00:06:48,008 --> 00:06:48,875 REGULATES ACTIVITY. 140 00:06:48,875 --> 00:06:53,346 SHE LAYS ALL THE EGGS, WITHOUT HER THE HIVE WOULD CEASE TO 141 00:06:53,346 --> 00:06:53,646 FUNCTION. 142 00:06:53,646 --> 00:06:56,349 THE INDIVIDUAL BEE IS NOT SO IMPORTANT AS THE COLONY. 143 00:06:56,349 --> 00:06:59,486 BEES WORK TOGETHER IN A BIG GROUP. 144 00:06:59,486 --> 00:07:03,189 SO EACH BEE IS IMPORTANT TO THAT GROUP, BUT EACH BEE BY ITSELF 145 00:07:03,189 --> 00:07:05,291 COULDN'T SURVIVE. 146 00:07:05,291 --> 00:07:09,662 >> IN MY WORLD, IN MY BEES, THERE'S NO QUEEN BEE. 147 00:07:09,662 --> 00:07:11,064 THEY'RE SOLITARY BEES. 148 00:07:11,064 --> 00:07:16,403 A LOT OF TIMES THEY LIKE THE COMPANY OF OTHER BEES AROUND 149 00:07:16,403 --> 00:07:20,306 THEM, BUT EACH FEMALE IS LAYING HER EGGS, TAKES CARE OF HER OWN 150 00:07:20,306 --> 00:07:25,045 BROOD, AND THERE'S NO QUEEN AND THERE'S NO COLONY THERE. 151 00:07:25,045 --> 00:07:33,620 >> MY NAME IS BRIDGETTE, MY QUESTION IS, WHY DO BEES [INAUDIBLE] 152 00:07:33,620 --> 00:07:37,624 >> IN THE INSECT WORLD, THE INSECTS THAT HAVE WINGS, IT'S A 153 00:07:37,624 --> 00:07:38,992 METHOD OF GETTING AROUND. 154 00:07:38,992 --> 00:07:42,095 WITH BEES THEY HAVE FOUR WINGS, WHAT'S INTERESTING IS THERE ARE 155 00:07:42,095 --> 00:07:46,232 SOME FLIES THAT LOOK LIKE BEES BUT IF YOU WANT TELL THEM APART, 156 00:07:46,232 --> 00:07:47,434 FLIES ONLY HAVE TWO WINGS. 157 00:07:47,434 --> 00:07:51,538 IT'S STRICTLY FOR GETTING AROUND AND FLYING THROUGH THE ORCHARDS 158 00:07:51,538 --> 00:07:52,639 AND VINEYARDS. 159 00:07:52,639 --> 00:07:55,275 BUT IT'S FOR FLIGHT. 160 00:07:55,275 --> 00:07:57,344 >> WITH THOSE FOUR WINGS IT'S LIKE A HELICOPTER. 161 00:07:57,344 --> 00:08:00,313 THEY CAN GO AND LAND AND GO WHERE THEY NEED TO, AND IT 162 00:08:00,313 --> 00:08:03,483 ALLOWS THEM TO GET IN THERE AND FIND THOSE FLOWERS AND GET WHAT 163 00:08:03,483 --> 00:08:04,751 THEY NEED. 164 00:08:04,751 --> 00:08:09,589 >> JASMINE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, DO BEES HAVE A FAVORITE FOOD? 165 00:08:09,589 --> 00:08:12,225 >> JASMINE, BEES CAN TELL HOW SWEET SOMETHING IS. 166 00:08:12,225 --> 00:08:13,226 WHEN THEY TASTE IT. 167 00:08:13,226 --> 00:08:16,863 AND SO IF THEY FIND A FRUIT OR FLOWER THAT HAS A NICE NECTAR 168 00:08:16,863 --> 00:08:19,966 THEY LIKE, THEY'LL GO BACK TO THE HIVE AND TELL THE REST ABOUT 169 00:08:19,966 --> 00:08:21,668 IT, AND THEY'LL COMPARE NOTES. 170 00:08:21,668 --> 00:08:25,138 AND SO THEY'LL TEND TO GO TO THE RICHEST NECTAR SOURCE, WHATEVER 171 00:08:25,138 --> 00:08:27,307 HAS THE HIGHEST SUGAR CONCENTRATION. 172 00:08:27,307 --> 00:08:32,779 SO, YEAH, THEY DO HAVE FAVORITES THEY'RE AT ALL THE TIME. 173 00:08:32,779 --> 00:08:37,250 >> HI. 174 00:08:37,250 --> 00:08:41,688 MY QUESTION IS, WHY DO BEES LIVE IN HIVES? 175 00:08:41,688 --> 00:08:44,591 >> THE HIVE IS JUST A PLACE TO PROTECT THE BEES. 176 00:08:44,591 --> 00:08:47,894 BEES LIVE TOGETHER IN A COLONY, A BIG GROUP, AND THAT HIVE IS 177 00:08:47,894 --> 00:08:50,530 SOME PLACE TO PROTECT THEM AS THEY WORK TOGETHER. 178 00:08:50,530 --> 00:08:54,901 SO THE HIVE CAN BE IN A TREE, A BOX, WHEN I WAS A KID I REMEMBER 179 00:08:54,901 --> 00:08:59,039 STORIES OF MY GRANDMA KEEPING BEES IN A SUITCASE. 180 00:08:59,039 --> 00:09:01,908 THE HIVE PROVIDES THE PROTECTION. 181 00:09:01,908 --> 00:09:06,379 >> ALEX WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, ARE BEES INTELLIGENT AND DO THEY 182 00:09:06,379 --> 00:09:06,913 PLAY? 183 00:09:06,913 --> 00:09:08,748 >> GOOD QUESTION. 184 00:09:08,748 --> 00:09:14,821 I'VE NEVER SEEN BEES PLAY, AND THERE'S DIFFERENT FORMS OF 185 00:09:14,821 --> 00:09:15,188 INTELLIGENCE. 186 00:09:15,188 --> 00:09:19,125 WE REGARD THE HONEY BEE BECAUSE OF HER BEHAVIOR, SHE CAN LEARN A 187 00:09:19,125 --> 00:09:21,861 LOT, WORKERS CAN LEARN A LOT, THEY CAN GIVE DIRECTIONS, THEY 188 00:09:21,861 --> 00:09:23,229 HAVE THEIR OWN LANGUAGE. 189 00:09:23,229 --> 00:09:28,234 WITH THE SOLITARY BEES, MOST WHAT I SEE IS HARD-WORKING 190 00:09:28,234 --> 00:09:32,238 FEMALE BEES, POLLINATING THE FLOWERS, AND THE GUYS BEING GUYS 191 00:09:32,238 --> 00:09:36,976 ARE OUT FLYING AROUND, CHECKING THINGS OUT, THEY'RE ALWAYS DOING 192 00:09:36,976 --> 00:09:40,513 SOMETHING DIFFERENT, BUT THEY DON'T DIRECTLY POLLINATE THE 193 00:09:40,513 --> 00:09:41,348 FLOWERS. 194 00:09:41,348 --> 00:09:44,784 >> AGAIN, I DON'T KNOW ABOUT PLAY, FOR EXAMPLE, BUT BEES ARE 195 00:09:44,784 --> 00:09:45,352 VERY SMART. 196 00:09:45,352 --> 00:09:48,254 WHEN THEY WANT TO SEE WHICH ONE CAN SMELL BETTER, A BLOODHOUND 197 00:09:48,254 --> 00:09:49,889 OR BEE, THEY'RE NOT SURE. 198 00:09:49,889 --> 00:09:53,860 HONEY BEES HAVE BEEN TRAINED TO GO THROUGH MAYSES, TO FIND LAND 199 00:09:53,860 --> 00:09:56,996 MINES FOR THE MILITARY, THEY'RE REALLY SMART. 200 00:09:56,996 --> 00:09:58,631 AND THEY'LL FIGURE STUFF OUT REAL QUICK. 201 00:09:58,631 --> 00:10:02,068 IN FACT, SOMETIMES WHEN I'M AT THE HOUSE I'LL HAVE BEES, IF I 202 00:10:02,068 --> 00:10:06,539 WAS FEEDING BEES AND THEY FIGURE OUT I'VE BEEN PUTTING FEED OUT 203 00:10:06,539 --> 00:10:09,376 WHEN THERE'S NO FLOWERS IN BLOOM, I'LL HAVE BEES COME UP 204 00:10:09,376 --> 00:10:11,644 AND BUZZ AROUND ME. 205 00:10:11,644 --> 00:10:14,714 SOMETIMES IT'S A WAY TO SAY, HEY, WE'RE OUT OF FOOD, COME 206 00:10:14,714 --> 00:10:15,715 OVER HERE AND LOOK. 207 00:10:15,715 --> 00:10:20,820 THEY LEARN WHO YOU ARE. 208 00:10:20,820 --> 00:10:25,358 >> DID YOU KNOW THAT A BEE ISN'T BORN KNOWING HOW TO MAKE MONEY? 209 00:10:25,358 --> 00:10:28,294 YOUNGER BEES HAVE TO LEARN FROM OLDER BEES HOW TO MAKE THIS 210 00:10:28,294 --> 00:10:35,368 SWEET TREAT. 211 00:10:35,368 --> 00:10:42,142 >> HI, MY QUESTION IS, HOW MANY DIFFERENT TYPES OF BEES ARE 212 00:10:42,142 --> 00:10:43,677 THERE IN THE WORLD? 213 00:10:43,677 --> 00:10:45,779 >> THAT'S A VERY GOOD QUESTION. 214 00:10:45,779 --> 00:10:49,482 IN THE WORLD THERE ARE MORE THAN 20,000 DIFFERENT KINDS OF BEES. 215 00:10:49,482 --> 00:10:52,052 MOST PEOPLE THINK OF THE HONEY BEE. 216 00:10:52,052 --> 00:10:54,587 THERE'S 10 DIFFERENT KINDS OF HONEY BEES IN THE WORLD. 217 00:10:54,587 --> 00:10:56,656 WE JUST HAVE ONE KIND IN THE UNITED STATES. 218 00:10:56,656 --> 00:11:00,260 AND WE HAVE ABOUT 4,000 DIFFERENT KINDS OF BEES HERE IN 219 00:11:00,260 --> 00:11:01,795 THE WESTERN STATES. 220 00:11:01,795 --> 00:11:05,098 IN IDAHO WE HAVE SEVERAL THOUSAND DIFFERENT KINDS OF 221 00:11:05,098 --> 00:11:05,432 BEES. 222 00:11:05,432 --> 00:11:09,336 MOST OF THE BEES DON'T LIVE IN COLONIES, THEY'RE CALLED 223 00:11:09,336 --> 00:11:12,639 SOLITARY BECAUSE THEY MAKE THEIR OWN NEST. 224 00:11:12,639 --> 00:11:14,507 MOST OF THE BEES NEST IN THE GROUND. 225 00:11:14,507 --> 00:11:15,709 SOMETIMES THEY NEST IN TUBES. 226 00:11:15,709 --> 00:11:17,377 BUT THERE IS THAT BIG DIFFERENCE. 227 00:11:17,377 --> 00:11:19,979 BUT THERE ARE A LOT MORE OF THE OTHER KINDS OF BEES. 228 00:11:19,979 --> 00:11:23,350 THAT'S BEEN MY SPECIALTY, STUDYING THESE OTHER LITTLE 229 00:11:23,350 --> 00:11:24,818 BEES. 230 00:11:24,818 --> 00:11:29,089 >> BRIAR WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, HOW DO BEES BUZZ? 231 00:11:29,089 --> 00:11:32,659 >> THE BUZZ YOU HEAR IS THE SOUND OF THEIR WINGS. 232 00:11:32,659 --> 00:11:36,296 AND SO WHEN THEY VIBRATE THOSE WINGS YOU'LL HEAR THAT BUZZING 233 00:11:36,296 --> 00:11:36,663 SOUND. 234 00:11:36,663 --> 00:11:39,399 IT'S REALLY NEAT, BECAUSE SOMETIMES YOU CAN OPEN A HIVE OF 235 00:11:39,399 --> 00:11:43,770 BEES AND HERE BY THE BUZZ WHETHER THEY'RE HAPPY OR MAD. 236 00:11:43,770 --> 00:11:46,406 SOMETIMES THERE'S DAYS WHERE THEY'RE NOT VERY HAPPY AND THEIR 237 00:11:46,406 --> 00:11:48,008 BUZZ WILL SOUND DIFFERENT. 238 00:11:48,008 --> 00:11:50,677 AND SO AS THEY MOVE THE WINGS YOU'LL HEAR THAT SOUND. 239 00:11:50,677 --> 00:11:55,215 JUST LIKE YOU HEAR A BUZZ FROM MOSQUITOES, EACH INSECT, HOW 240 00:11:55,215 --> 00:11:58,151 THEY MOVE THEIR WINGS L. HAVE A SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT SOUND. 241 00:11:58,151 --> 00:12:03,089 >> MY NAME IS MACKENZIE, GUY TO DALTON ELEMENTARY. 242 00:12:03,089 --> 00:12:08,061 MY QUESTION IS, WHY ARE BEES DMORD HAIR? 243 00:12:08,061 --> 00:12:11,331 >> IT'S A GOOD THING THEY ARE, BECAUSE THAT HAIR IS WHAT HELPS 244 00:12:11,331 --> 00:12:12,098 THEM COLLECT POLLEN. 245 00:12:12,098 --> 00:12:15,502 IT STICKS TO IT, AND WHEN THEY GO FROM FLOWER TO FLOWER, THAT 246 00:12:15,502 --> 00:12:18,338 POLLEN GETS TRANSFERRED AROUND. 247 00:12:18,338 --> 00:12:21,608 HONEY BEES ARE GOOD AT GOING FROM THE SAME TYPE OF FLOWER, IF 248 00:12:21,608 --> 00:12:27,514 THEY'RE WORKING ON WATERMELON FLOWERS THEY STAY TO WATERMELON 249 00:12:27,514 --> 00:12:27,747 FLOWERS. 250 00:12:27,747 --> 00:12:32,619 SO THE HAIR HELPS THE POLLEN STICK. 251 00:12:32,619 --> 00:12:38,258 IT ALSO HELPS THEM TO PUT POLLEN HAULED BACK TO THE HIVE. 252 00:12:38,258 --> 00:12:41,828 >> WITH THE SOLITARY BEES, THERE ARE 10 OR 12 DIFFERENT FAMILIES 253 00:12:41,828 --> 00:12:44,631 OF BEES, AND THE WAY WE TELL THEM APART IS WHERE THEY COLLECT 254 00:12:44,631 --> 00:12:45,665 THE POLLEN. 255 00:12:45,665 --> 00:12:49,769 THE HONEY BEE HAS A SPECIAL COLLECTING POLLEN APP RAH TO US 256 00:12:49,769 --> 00:12:52,372 HER LEGS. 257 00:12:52,372 --> 00:12:56,576 MY BEES, THE FEMALES COLLECT THE POLLEN ON THEIR STOMACHS. 258 00:12:56,576 --> 00:13:00,146 DEPENDING ON WHERE THE POLLEN HAIRS ARE IS HOW WE TELL THE 259 00:13:00,146 --> 00:13:01,715 DIFFERENT TYPES OF BEES APART. 260 00:13:01,715 --> 00:13:05,952 >> DO BEES GET ILLNESSES? 261 00:13:05,952 --> 00:13:09,422 >> JUST LIKE EVERYBODY ELSE, EVEN LITTLE KIDS, A LOT OF 262 00:13:09,422 --> 00:13:12,225 DIFFERENT DISEASES THEY CAN GET. 263 00:13:12,225 --> 00:13:13,793 ESPECIALLY WHEN THEY'RE STRESSED. 264 00:13:13,793 --> 00:13:16,996 THEY HAVE A SHORT LIFE SPAN, THEY'RE WORKING VERY HARD EVERY 265 00:13:16,996 --> 00:13:24,237 DAY, AND THERE ARE NUMEROUS DISEASES THEY GET SICK WITH, 266 00:13:24,237 --> 00:13:24,637 YES. 267 00:13:24,637 --> 00:13:27,807 >> RIGHT NOW THERE'S A COUPLE VIRUSES THAT AFFECT BEES 268 00:13:27,807 --> 00:13:28,074 GREATLY. 269 00:13:28,074 --> 00:13:28,908 THAT'S SOME OF THE CONCERN. 270 00:13:28,908 --> 00:13:31,277 WHEN BEES GET SICK, THEY DON'T LIVE AS LONG, THEY'RE NOT ABLE 271 00:13:31,277 --> 00:13:35,515 TO WORK AS MUCH SO THE HYPHEN HAS TROUBLE MAINTAINING ITSELF. 272 00:13:35,515 --> 00:13:40,387 ONE OF THOSE DISEASES THEY GET CAUSES THEIR WINGS TO BE 273 00:13:40,387 --> 00:13:41,021 SHRIVELED UP. 274 00:13:41,021 --> 00:13:43,356 THEY CAN'T FLY, SO THEY DIE REAL QUICK. 275 00:13:43,356 --> 00:13:45,291 ANOTHER ONE CAUSES THEIR HAIR TO FALL OFF. 276 00:13:45,291 --> 00:13:48,728 THIS VIRUS, THEY DON'T SURVIVE THE WINTER VERY WELL. 277 00:13:48,728 --> 00:13:52,532 I GUESS THE HAIR HELPS KEEP THEM WARM A LITTLE BIT IN THE WINTER. 278 00:13:52,532 --> 00:14:01,307 >> MY NAME IS CADEN, MY QUESTION IS WHY ARE BEES BLACK AND 279 00:14:01,307 --> 00:14:02,208 YELLOW? 280 00:14:02,208 --> 00:14:04,144 >> NOT ALL BEES ARE YELLOW AND BLACK. 281 00:14:04,144 --> 00:14:07,414 HERE THE BEES YOU SEE ARE A EUROPEAN HONEY BEE, AND WE HAVE 282 00:14:07,414 --> 00:14:10,884 DIFFERENT STRAINS OF BEES, JUST LIKE YOU SEE DIFFERENT KINDS OF 283 00:14:10,884 --> 00:14:11,151 COWS. 284 00:14:11,151 --> 00:14:13,787 YOU HAVE BLACK AND WHITE COWS, AND BROWN COWS. 285 00:14:13,787 --> 00:14:15,722 THERE'S EVEN DIFFERENT RACES OF BEES. 286 00:14:15,722 --> 00:14:18,625 SOME OF THE BEES WILL BE DARK, ALMOST BLACK. 287 00:14:18,625 --> 00:14:24,064 THOSBLACK. 288 00:14:24,064 --> 00:14:28,435 THERE'S DIFFERENT OTHER ONES, THERE WILL BE VARIATIONS ON THAT 289 00:14:28,435 --> 00:14:28,802 COLOR. 290 00:14:28,802 --> 00:14:32,739 >> MY NAME IS LUKE FROM DALTON ELEMENTARY, AND MY QUESTION IS, 291 00:14:32,739 --> 00:14:35,709 HOW DO BEES FIGHT OFF OTHER BEES? 292 00:14:35,709 --> 00:14:39,446 >> IN MY WORLD, BEES ARE TOTALLY NONAGGRESSIVE. 293 00:14:39,446 --> 00:14:42,649 THEY DON'T PARTICULARLY FIGHT WITH OTHER BEES OR OTHER 294 00:14:42,649 --> 00:14:44,451 INSECTS, TRYING TO GET IN. 295 00:14:44,451 --> 00:14:47,120 THE HONEY BEE IS A LITTLE DIFFERENT BECAUSE THEY'RE 296 00:14:47,120 --> 00:14:50,457 SOCIALIZED, I DON'T LIKE TO THINK OF MY BEES AS DUMB, BUT 297 00:14:50,457 --> 00:14:52,625 PRETTY MUCH OBLIVIOUS TO EVERYTHING ELSE. 298 00:14:52,625 --> 00:14:56,029 WITH HONEY BEE THERE'S ACTUAL INTERACTION BETWEEN THE BEES. 299 00:14:56,029 --> 00:14:59,466 >> OFTEN IN THE HONEY BEE, AT THE HIVE YOU'LL HAVE GUARD BEES. 300 00:14:59,466 --> 00:15:02,135 AND THEY'LL BE AT THE FRONT OF THE HIVE AND THEY'LL CHECK ALL 301 00:15:02,135 --> 00:15:03,937 THE BEES COMING IN AND OUT. 302 00:15:03,937 --> 00:15:06,706 SOMETIMES YOU'LL HAVE BEES FROM OTHER HIVES WANT TO SNEAK IN AND 303 00:15:06,706 --> 00:15:07,874 STEAL STUFF. 304 00:15:07,874 --> 00:15:09,042 AND THEY'LL STOP THEM. 305 00:15:09,042 --> 00:15:10,977 AND THEY'LL JUST GRAB THEM AND THROW THEM OUT. 306 00:15:10,977 --> 00:15:15,949 IF YOU HAVE A WASP TRYING TO SNEAK IN, THEY GRAB IT AND THROW 307 00:15:15,949 --> 00:15:16,683 IT OVERBOARD. 308 00:15:16,683 --> 00:15:19,252 THEY DO HAVE STINGERS AND SOMETIMES THEY'LL STING OTHER 309 00:15:19,252 --> 00:15:22,589 INSECTS OR BEES, BUT A BEE STINGS, IT DIES, SO YOU DON'T 310 00:15:22,589 --> 00:15:25,091 SEE THAT HAPPEN A LOT. 311 00:15:25,091 --> 00:15:29,429 >> AMY WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, DO BEES SLEEP? 312 00:15:29,429 --> 00:15:30,630 >> DO THEY SLEEP? 313 00:15:30,630 --> 00:15:32,899 YOU KNOW, THEY BECOME VERY QUIET. 314 00:15:32,899 --> 00:15:37,070 I'VE GONE OUT AT NIGHT AND LOOKED, AND WHETHER THEY HAVE 315 00:15:37,070 --> 00:15:39,072 THEIR EYES CLOSED, IT'S HARD TO TELL. 316 00:15:39,072 --> 00:15:41,608 THEY BECOME INACTIVE WHEN IT'S COLD OR CLOUDY. 317 00:15:41,608 --> 00:15:46,713 BUT THEY DON'T FLY AROUND AT NIGHT AT ALL. 318 00:15:46,713 --> 00:15:49,649 >> HONEY BEES, YOU'LL SEE A LOT OF ACTIVITY IN THE HIVE EVEN AT 319 00:15:49,649 --> 00:15:50,083 NIGHT. 320 00:15:50,083 --> 00:15:52,452 CERTAIN TIMES OF THE YEAR, A LOT OF IT IS TEMPERATURE. 321 00:15:52,452 --> 00:15:53,653 YOU'LL SEE THEM REST. 322 00:15:53,653 --> 00:15:56,723 AND THEY'RE GOOD AT LEARNING THAT CERTAIN FLOWERS BLOOM AT 323 00:15:56,723 --> 00:16:00,126 CERTAIN TIMES, SO IF THIS FLOWER BOOMS AT 10:00 AND HAS REALLY 324 00:16:00,126 --> 00:16:03,963 GOOD NECTAR, THE BEES WILL HANG OUT JUST LAYING AROUND RESTING, 325 00:16:03,963 --> 00:16:08,335 MAYBE NOT SLEEPING, AND AT 9:49, THEY ALL FLY OUT THERE TO THAT 326 00:16:08,335 --> 00:16:16,142 FLOWER AND A LITTLE LATER THEY'RE ALL BACK. 327 00:16:16,142 --> 00:16:19,079 >> HI, AND WELCOME TO TUBBS BERRY FARM. 328 00:16:19,079 --> 00:16:20,413 WE'RE HERE WITH HEIDI. 329 00:16:20,413 --> 00:16:24,050 TELL US WHAT YOU'RE WEARING. 330 00:16:24,050 --> 00:16:27,420 >> I'M WEARING A BEE JACKET, WHICH HAS A VEIL, AND YOU'RE 331 00:16:27,420 --> 00:16:28,521 WEARING A VEIL. 332 00:16:28,521 --> 00:16:32,692 AND THE REASON WE WEAR A VEIL IS BECAUSE BEES ARE STINGING 333 00:16:32,692 --> 00:16:37,063 INSECTS THAT HAVE EVOLVED, AND AS PART OF THEIR PROTECTIVE 334 00:16:37,063 --> 00:16:40,066 MECHANISM THEY FOCUS ON ANIMALS' FACES TO STING THEM THERE, THE 335 00:16:40,066 --> 00:16:43,436 EYES AND SO IF WE WEAR A VEIL THAT HELPS PROTECT OUR FACES 336 00:16:43,436 --> 00:16:45,338 FROM BEING STUNG. 337 00:16:45,338 --> 00:16:46,706 >> LET'S TALK ABOUT HONEY. 338 00:16:46,706 --> 00:16:49,075 HOW DO YOU MAKE -- HOW DO YOU GET THE HONEY OUT OF 339 00:16:49,075 --> 00:16:49,809 THE HIVE? 340 00:16:49,809 --> 00:16:51,077 WHAT'S THE PROCESS? 341 00:16:51,077 --> 00:16:58,485 >> THE BEES BRING IN NECTAR, AND STORE IT ONCE THEY MIX IT WITH 342 00:16:58,485 --> 00:17:01,221 THE ENZYMES, AND STORE 90 THEIR CELLS, THEY EVAPORATE THE 343 00:17:01,221 --> 00:17:04,124 MOISTURE OFF OF IT UNTIL IT'S THE PERFECT MOISTURE CONTENT, 344 00:17:04,124 --> 00:17:05,759 WHERE IT WILL NEVER GO BAD. 345 00:17:05,759 --> 00:17:08,762 SO HONEY NEVER GOES BAD. 346 00:17:08,762 --> 00:17:12,399 ONCE IT HITS THAT POINT, THEY SEAL IT OVER WITH WAX. 347 00:17:12,399 --> 00:17:18,204 AND WHEN IT COMES HARVEST TIME, WE PULL THE HONEY OUT, TAKE A 348 00:17:18,204 --> 00:17:23,143 KNIFE OR A SCRATCHER AND BREAK THAT COATING OF WAX, AND THEN WE 349 00:17:23,143 --> 00:17:26,146 CAN EITHER SPIN IT OR TURN IT UPSIDE DOWN AND THE HONEY WILL 350 00:17:26,146 --> 00:17:27,881 RUN RIGHT OUT OF THE CELLS. 351 00:17:27,881 --> 00:17:31,785 >> ONE THING YOU OFTEN SEE BEE KEEPS DO DO IS USING SMOKE. 352 00:17:31,785 --> 00:17:33,086 WHAT'S THE SMOKE FOR? 353 00:17:33,086 --> 00:17:35,889 >> THE SMOKE DOES A COUPLE THINGS. 354 00:17:35,889 --> 00:17:41,995 FIRST, BEES COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER BYP HEROMONES, BY 355 00:17:41,995 --> 00:17:42,228 SCENT. 356 00:17:42,228 --> 00:17:45,365 SO THEY CAN TELL EACH OTHER THAT THERE'S AN INTRUDER OR SOMEBODY 357 00:17:45,365 --> 00:17:47,067 IS IN A HIVE BY A SMELL. 358 00:17:47,067 --> 00:17:52,372 WHICH ACTUALLY THE ALARM SMELL SMELLS A LITTLE LIKE BANANAS. 359 00:17:52,372 --> 00:17:56,643 SO THE SMOKE MAKES IT HARDER FOR THEM TO PASS THAT SMELL AROUND 360 00:17:56,643 --> 00:17:58,945 BECAUSE THEY WOULD SMELL SMOKE INSTEAD. 361 00:17:58,945 --> 00:18:03,383 THE OTHER THING IS THAT BEES EVOLVED LIVING IN HOLLOWED TREES 362 00:18:03,383 --> 00:18:05,585 AND CAVITIES, QUITE OFTEN IN FORESTS. 363 00:18:05,585 --> 00:18:09,656 SO FOREST FIRES ARE A BIG PROBLEM, I GUESS FOR BEAST. 364 00:18:09,656 --> 00:18:13,960 SO THEY'VE EVOLVED THAT WHEN THEY SMELL SMOKE, THEY RUN TO 365 00:18:13,960 --> 00:18:17,497 THE PANTRY, EAT AS FAST AS THEY CAN, GETTING READY TO LEAVE. 366 00:18:17,497 --> 00:18:19,966 BECAUSE THEY KNOW THEIR TREE IS GOING TO BE BURNED DOWN SO THEY 367 00:18:19,966 --> 00:18:21,201 HAVE TO LEAVE. 368 00:18:21,201 --> 00:18:25,405 SO WHEN WE USE JUST A LITTLE SMOKE, THE BEES ARE BUSY FEEDING 369 00:18:25,405 --> 00:18:28,408 INSIDE THE HIVE SO THEY'RE NOT PAYING AS MUCH ATTENTION TO US, 370 00:18:28,408 --> 00:18:31,878 SO IT'S EASIER TO WORK THE BEES. 371 00:18:31,878 --> 00:18:34,614 >> BEE KEEPING IS VERY REWARDING. 372 00:18:34,614 --> 00:18:36,082 IT'S A LOT OF FUN. 373 00:18:36,082 --> 00:18:39,085 THEY'RE FASCINATING, SO WE DO SPEND A LOT OF TIME JUST 374 00:18:39,085 --> 00:18:40,053 WATCHING THEM. 375 00:18:40,053 --> 00:18:42,989 >> IF YOU WANT TO BECOME A BEEKEEPER, FIRST, LEARN A LOT, 376 00:18:42,989 --> 00:18:43,723 IF YOU CAN. 377 00:18:43,723 --> 00:18:46,526 AND THERE'S A LOT OF REALLY GOOD INFORMATION OUT THERE. 378 00:18:46,526 --> 00:18:49,629 AND ESPECIALLY ON THE INTERNET, THERE'S A LOT OF REALLY BAD 379 00:18:49,629 --> 00:18:50,530 INFORMATION OUT THERE. 380 00:18:50,530 --> 00:18:55,068 AND THERE REALLY ARE AS MANY WAYS TO KEEP BEES AS THERE ARE 381 00:18:55,068 --> 00:18:55,502 BEEKEEPERS. 382 00:18:55,502 --> 00:18:57,704 EVERY BEEKEEPER HAS THEIR OWN OPINION ABOUT THE BEST WAY TO 383 00:18:57,704 --> 00:18:58,672 TAKE CARE OF BEES. 384 00:18:58,672 --> 00:19:01,941 BUT THERE ARE A LOT OF DISEASES AND PROBLEMS AFFECTING BEES THAT 385 00:19:01,941 --> 00:19:05,545 ARE FAIRLY RECENT IN THE LAST CONGRESSMEN DECADES, SO IT'S 386 00:19:05,545 --> 00:19:08,848 IMPORTANT TO KNOW ABOUT THOSE DISEASES TO KEEP YOUR BEES 387 00:19:08,848 --> 00:19:11,951 HEALTHY AND SO YOU DON'T SPREAD DISEASES TO OTHER BEES THAT 388 00:19:11,951 --> 00:19:12,952 MIGHT BE AROUND YOU. 389 00:19:12,952 --> 00:19:16,122 IF YOU HAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO HAVE ANOTHER BEEKEEPER THAT CAN 390 00:19:16,122 --> 00:19:20,026 MENTOR YOU OR GET INVOLVED IN A LOCAL BEE KEEPING ORGANIZATION, 391 00:19:20,026 --> 00:19:25,398 READ AS MUCH AS YOU CAN, TAKE A CLASS IF YOU CAN, AND JUST KNOW 392 00:19:25,398 --> 00:19:28,234 THAT WHEN YOU DO GET STARTED YOUR FIRST COUPLE YEARS WILL BE 393 00:19:28,234 --> 00:19:29,602 HUGE LEARNING EXPERIENCES. 394 00:19:29,602 --> 00:19:33,873 LOTS OF FUN, BUT YOU'LL LEARN A LOT. 395 00:19:33,873 --> 00:19:35,308 >> HEIDI, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR HAVING US. 396 00:19:35,308 --> 00:19:37,410 I APPRECIATE YOU TAKING TIME TO SHOW US. 397 00:19:37,410 --> 00:19:38,511 >> THANK YOU FOR COMING. 398 00:19:38,511 --> 00:19:41,081 >> LET'S GO BACK TO YOUR QUESTIONS. 399 00:19:46,786 --> 00:19:53,993 >> MY QUESTION IS, HOW FAR CAN BEES FLY BEFORE THEY GET TIRED? 400 00:19:53,993 --> 00:19:57,430 >> AGAIN, WITH THE SOLITARY BEES, MY SPECIALTY ARE LEAF 401 00:19:57,430 --> 00:19:59,899 CUTTER BEES, IF YOU'RE DRIVING AROUND TREASURE VALLEY YOU'LL 402 00:19:59,899 --> 00:20:02,702 SEE SHELTERS WHERE THE BEES ARE NESTING. 403 00:20:02,702 --> 00:20:07,007 AT THE TYPICALLY FLY LESS THAN FOUR OR 500 YARDS. 404 00:20:07,007 --> 00:20:08,108 THEY'RE NOT STRONG FLYERS. 405 00:20:08,108 --> 00:20:15,348 I ALSO WORK WITH ALKALAID BEES AND BUMBLE BEES AND THEY'LL FLY 406 00:20:15,348 --> 00:20:19,019 FIVE OR SIX MILES, BUT THE STRONGEST FLYERS ARE THE HONEY 407 00:20:19,019 --> 00:20:19,753 BEES. 408 00:20:19,753 --> 00:20:23,456 >> UNLESS THEY'RE HEADING BACK TO THE HIVE, BEES OFTEN JUST 409 00:20:23,456 --> 00:20:24,924 BOUNCE AROUND A LOT. 410 00:20:24,924 --> 00:20:27,927 THEY'LL GO TO A FLOWER, LOOK AROUND, GO TO ANOTHER SPOT. 411 00:20:27,927 --> 00:20:32,265 I TELL PEOPLE MOST OF THE HONEY FROM THAT HIVE COMES FROM THE 412 00:20:32,265 --> 00:20:33,900 NEAREST MILE. 413 00:20:33,900 --> 00:20:36,936 IF THERE'S NOT MUCH IN THAT AREA THEY'LL GO THREE MILES OR FIVE 414 00:20:36,936 --> 00:20:40,840 MILES, AND WHEN I'M RAISING QUEENS, THEY'LL FLY AS FAR AS 415 00:20:40,840 --> 00:20:44,110 EIGHT MILES TO GO MATE. 416 00:20:44,110 --> 00:20:48,114 >> HOW DO BEES MAKE HONEY SWEET? 417 00:20:48,114 --> 00:20:49,849 >> THE BEES DON'T ACTUALLY MAKE IT SWEET. 418 00:20:49,849 --> 00:20:52,752 THE FLOWERS ARE THE ONES THAT PRODUCE THE NECTAR AND THE BEES 419 00:20:52,752 --> 00:20:56,389 AS THEY GATHER THE NECTAR AND PUT IT THROUGH THEIR HONEY 420 00:20:56,389 --> 00:20:59,225 STOMACH AND HAUL IT TO THE HIVE THEY PRESERVE IT. 421 00:20:59,225 --> 00:21:02,696 SO DEPENDING ON WHAT THE NECTAR SOURCE IS, HONEY WILL HAVE 422 00:21:02,696 --> 00:21:03,163 DIFFERENT FLAVORS. 423 00:21:03,163 --> 00:21:05,498 IF YOU HEAT HONEY TO HIGH TEMPERATURE, YOU LOSE SOME OF 424 00:21:05,498 --> 00:21:07,167 THE FLAVORS. 425 00:21:07,167 --> 00:21:10,904 BUT WHEN YOU TASTE RAW HONEY OUT OF A HIVE, IT WILL BE VERY 426 00:21:10,904 --> 00:21:12,439 DIFFERENT DEPENDING ON THE FLOWER. 427 00:21:12,439 --> 00:21:16,009 WE HAVE RASPBERRIES, WHEN THEY'RE IN BLOOM WE'LL HAVE 428 00:21:16,009 --> 00:21:20,814 RASPBERRY BLOSSOM HONEY THAT TASTES DIFFERENT, AND THEY HAVE 429 00:21:20,814 --> 00:21:23,016 ORANGE TREES, THEY'LL GET ORANGE BLOSSOM HONEY. 430 00:21:23,016 --> 00:21:26,186 SO IT WILL HAVE ITS OWN FLAVOR AS WELL. 431 00:21:26,186 --> 00:21:26,453 >> HI. 432 00:21:26,453 --> 00:21:32,125 MY NAME IS ZANDER, I GO TO DALTON ELEMENTARY. 433 00:21:32,125 --> 00:21:37,764 MY QUESTION IS, WHY DO MALES HAVE TO ALWAYS BE DRONES AND NOT 434 00:21:37,764 --> 00:21:38,665 FEMALES? 435 00:21:38,665 --> 00:21:40,300 >> THE BOY BEING ARE CALLED DRONES. 436 00:21:40,300 --> 00:21:43,203 AND THAT'S JUST HOW IT IS. 437 00:21:43,203 --> 00:21:47,941 THE COOL THING ABOUT THE DRONES IS AT LEAST IN HONEY BEES, THEY 438 00:21:47,941 --> 00:21:50,477 HAVE THESE BIG ROUND EYES, SO THEY'RE EASY TO SPOT. 439 00:21:50,477 --> 00:21:52,645 BUT THEY DON'T HAVE A STINGER. 440 00:21:52,645 --> 00:21:55,582 SO MY KIDS ALWAYS KEEP THEM AS PETS, BECAUSE THEY CAN PACK THEM 441 00:21:55,582 --> 00:21:58,952 AROUND, THERE'S NO STINGER. 442 00:21:58,952 --> 00:21:59,619 AND THERIOT DRONES. 443 00:21:59,619 --> 00:22:01,321 THEY DON'T HAVE TO DO ANY WORK. 444 00:22:01,321 --> 00:22:04,591 THEY'RE WELCOME AT ANY HIVE, THEY COME AND GO AS THEY PLEASE. 445 00:22:04,591 --> 00:22:07,327 THE BAD THING IS, WHEN WINTER COMES THEY KICK THEM OUT AND 446 00:22:07,327 --> 00:22:09,162 THEY DIE. 447 00:22:09,162 --> 00:22:14,334 >> ELEANOR ASKS, WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE QUEEN DIES? 448 00:22:14,334 --> 00:22:17,604 >> WELL, THEY'LL USUALLY RAISE UP A NEW QUEEN. 449 00:22:17,604 --> 00:22:20,340 ANY OF THOSE -- ALL THOSE EGGS THAT ARE LAID 450 00:22:20,340 --> 00:22:23,710 FOR WORKERS, THEY CAN -- IF IT'S UNDER THREE DAYS OLD F. 451 00:22:23,710 --> 00:22:26,546 THAT LARVA IS UNDER THREE DAYS OLD, SHE CAN BE FED A SPECIAL 452 00:22:26,546 --> 00:22:29,015 DIET OF ROYAL JELLY AND THEY TREAT HER DIFFERENT, AND IT'S 453 00:22:29,015 --> 00:22:30,917 RAISED INTO A NEW QUEEN. 454 00:22:30,917 --> 00:22:34,187 AND WITHOUT THE QUEEN, THE HIVE DOESN'T FUNCTION. 455 00:22:34,187 --> 00:22:37,257 THAT QUEEN IS REQUIRED TO LAY THE EGGS TO KEEP EVERYTHING 456 00:22:37,257 --> 00:22:41,094 GOING, AND SO IT'S AN EMERGENCY, WHEN THEY DON'T HAVE A QUEEN, 457 00:22:41,094 --> 00:22:44,364 THEY HURRY UP AND RAISE A NEW QUEEN. 458 00:22:44,364 --> 00:22:48,902 >> HI, MY NAME IS ELIZA, AND I GO TO DALTON ELEMENTARY. 459 00:22:48,902 --> 00:22:51,838 HOW LONG DOES AN AVERAGE BEE LIVE? 460 00:22:51,838 --> 00:22:55,575 >> MY LITTLE BEES TYPICALLY LIVE FOR FOUR TO SIX WEEKS. 461 00:22:55,575 --> 00:22:58,678 SOMETIMES PART OF THE EGGS THAT ARE LAID WILL HATCH OUT INTO A 462 00:22:58,678 --> 00:23:02,782 SECOND OR A THIRD GENERATION, SO YOU MIGHT SEE THE BEES FLYING 463 00:23:02,782 --> 00:23:07,253 ALL SUMMER, BUT THE ORIGINAL FEMALE LIVES FOR ONE MONTH 464 00:23:07,253 --> 00:23:10,156 TYPICALLY, SOMETIMES FIVE WEEKS. 465 00:23:10,156 --> 00:23:13,860 >> IN HONEY BEES, WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE QUEEN BEE, SHE CAN LIVE 466 00:23:13,860 --> 00:23:15,695 QUITE A LONG TIME. 467 00:23:15,695 --> 00:23:18,898 QUEENS WILL LIVE THREE, FOUR, FIVE YEARS EVEN. 468 00:23:18,898 --> 00:23:23,536 OFTEN TIMES IF THE 16 FAILING THE BEELESS REPLACE HER. 469 00:23:23,536 --> 00:23:27,540 BUT WORKER BEES, THE MORE WORK THEY DO THE LESS TIME THEY LIVE. 470 00:23:27,540 --> 00:23:30,810 SO BEES IN THE SUMMER, THEY MIGHT LIVE A MONTH. 471 00:23:30,810 --> 00:23:34,180 BEES THAT ARE RAISED UP IN THE FALL THEY'LL LIVE ALL THROUGH 472 00:23:34,180 --> 00:23:34,814 THE WINTER. 473 00:23:34,814 --> 00:23:37,350 THEY'RE JUST HANGING OUT, THEY'RE NOT DOING A LOT OF WORK. 474 00:23:37,350 --> 00:23:42,122 SO IT'S A RELATIVELY SHORT LIFE SPAN. 475 00:23:42,122 --> 00:23:45,358 >> WHERE DO BEES LIVE? 476 00:23:45,358 --> 00:23:48,028 >> WELL, HONEY BEES SEEK OUT SOME SORT OF CAVITY TO BUILD 477 00:23:48,028 --> 00:23:50,830 THEIR COLONY IN. 478 00:23:50,830 --> 00:23:53,633 SO BEEKEEPERS WILL KEEP THEM IN BOXES. 479 00:23:53,633 --> 00:23:55,101 THERE'S DIFFERENT TYPES OF HIVES. 480 00:23:55,101 --> 00:24:01,941 YOU'LL FIND THEM IN A HOLLOW TREE, A LOG SOMETIMES, AND I 481 00:24:01,941 --> 00:24:08,682 THINK MY GRANDMA AT ONE TIME HAD BEES INSIDE A SUITCASE. 482 00:24:08,682 --> 00:24:12,886 >> WITH THE BEES I WORK W. THE SOLITARY BEES, MOST OF THOSE 483 00:24:12,886 --> 00:24:14,087 BEES NEST IN THE GROUND. 484 00:24:14,087 --> 00:24:16,690 THEY BURROW HOLES IN THE SOIL TO NEST. 485 00:24:16,690 --> 00:24:19,526 THE BEES I SPECIALIZE IN HAVE TO FIND A CAVITY. 486 00:24:19,526 --> 00:24:23,630 IN NATURE THAT CAVITY IS,LY A BEETLE HOLE, OR CRACKS IN WOOD 487 00:24:23,630 --> 00:24:24,998 OR SOMETHING. 488 00:24:24,998 --> 00:24:28,635 BUT WHEN WE MANAGE THE BEES FOR SEED PRODUCTION WE DRILL HOLES 489 00:24:28,635 --> 00:24:32,339 IN WOOD AND PUT THEM OUT AND THAT'S WHAT THE BEE NESTS IN. 490 00:24:32,339 --> 00:24:37,644 >> MY NAME IS BEN, AND I GO TO DALTON ELEMENTARY IN HAYDEN, 491 00:24:37,644 --> 00:24:37,911 IDAHO. 492 00:24:37,911 --> 00:24:43,350 MY QUESTION IS, WHY DOES A BEE STING HURT? 493 00:24:43,350 --> 00:24:47,020 >> WELL, AGAIN, WHEN A BEE STINGS IT HAS A POISON SACK. 494 00:24:47,020 --> 00:24:50,090 AND A BEE STINGER HAS BARKS ON THE END OF IT. 495 00:24:50,090 --> 00:24:54,527 AND SO IT POKES IN AND HOLDS ON AND THEN IT RELEASES THAT 496 00:24:54,527 --> 00:24:54,761 POISON. 497 00:24:54,761 --> 00:24:55,929 AND IT HURTS. 498 00:24:55,929 --> 00:24:58,965 THAT'S WHAT IT'S DESIGNED TO DO SO YOU WON'T WANT TO MESS WITH 499 00:24:58,965 --> 00:24:59,566 BEES AGAIN. 500 00:24:59,566 --> 00:25:02,402 IT'S A WAY THEY PROTECT THEMSELVES. 501 00:25:02,402 --> 00:25:04,871 ANIMALS GET STUNG BY BEES REMEMBER THAT, SO THEY DON'T 502 00:25:04,871 --> 00:25:06,840 MESS WITH THEM AGAIN. 503 00:25:06,840 --> 00:25:10,877 >> IF A STUDENT IS INTERESTED IN STUDYING ABOUT BEES, WHERE 504 00:25:10,877 --> 00:25:13,780 SHOULD THEY GO? 505 00:25:13,780 --> 00:25:15,849 >> I CAN TALK ABOUT MY CAREER PATH. 506 00:25:15,849 --> 00:25:18,785 I'M A GRADUATE OF THE COLLEGE OF IDAHO, I HADN'T CONSIDERED 507 00:25:18,785 --> 00:25:22,422 STUDYING BEES, BUT I GOT A GRANT TO GO TO PURDUE UNIVERSITY TO 508 00:25:22,422 --> 00:25:24,958 STUDY THE KINDS OF BEES IN INDIANA. 509 00:25:24,958 --> 00:25:28,428 AND THERE I JUST FELL IN LOVE WITH ALL THE BEES THAT WERE OUT 510 00:25:28,428 --> 00:25:28,695 THERE. 511 00:25:28,695 --> 00:25:30,430 BEING FROM IDAHO, I MISSED MOUNTAINS. 512 00:25:30,430 --> 00:25:34,267 SO I CAME BACK OUT TO UTAH STATE AND THERE'S ACTUALLY FIVE OR SIX 513 00:25:34,267 --> 00:25:35,802 USDA BEE LABORATORIES AROUND UNITED STATES. 514 00:25:35,802 --> 00:25:39,606 BUT I CAME TO THE LOGAN LABORATORY BECAUSE THEY DON'T 515 00:25:39,606 --> 00:25:41,274 STUDY HONEY BEES, THEY STUDY THE OTHER KIND. 516 00:25:41,274 --> 00:25:44,811 SO I DID MY PH.D. WORK ON THE LEAF CUTTER BEE. 517 00:25:44,811 --> 00:25:47,380 SO THERE'S ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION OUT THERE. 518 00:25:47,380 --> 00:25:50,717 SOME OF THE MOST HIGHLY INTELLIGENT PEOPLE WHO 519 00:25:50,717 --> 00:25:55,455 UNDERSTAND BEES ARE 80-YEAR-OLD BEEKEEPERS WHO JUST HAVE LEARNED 520 00:25:55,455 --> 00:25:58,558 IT THROUGHOUT THEIR LIVES. 521 00:25:58,558 --> 00:26:03,029 BUT, YOU KNOW, BIOLOGY, GRADUATE SCHOOL YOU CAN GET STRICTLY INTO 522 00:26:03,029 --> 00:26:10,770 INSECTS IF YOU WANT, AND UNDERSTAND ENTYMOLOGY. 523 00:26:10,770 --> 00:26:15,041 THERE'S SUCH A DEMAND ON INSECTS, BUGS IN GENERAL IT'S A 524 00:26:15,041 --> 00:26:16,042 GOOD AREA TO STUDY. 525 00:26:16,042 --> 00:26:18,311 >> WHAT IS IT ABOUT BEES THAT GOT YOU STARTED? 526 00:26:18,311 --> 00:26:19,412 >> I'VE ALWAYS LIKED THEM. 527 00:26:19,412 --> 00:26:22,682 MY SISTER TELLS A STORY I USED TO HAVE A PET BEE, AND IT NEVER 528 00:26:22,682 --> 00:26:25,251 STUNG ME, BUT OF COURSE IT STUNG HER. 529 00:26:25,251 --> 00:26:28,888 BUT I'VE ALWAYS BEEN FASCINATED, BUT THERE WAS LOTS OF THEM 530 00:26:28,888 --> 00:26:29,956 AROUND. 531 00:26:29,956 --> 00:26:33,426 FOR YEARS I WANTED BEES, BUT I COULDN'T QUITE JUSTIFY IT. 532 00:26:33,426 --> 00:26:36,329 MY WIFE WAS A LITTLE CONCERNED, IF THEY WERE GOING TO BE 533 00:26:36,329 --> 00:26:39,499 HAZARDOUS TO HAVE AROUND THE HOUSE AND STUFF. 534 00:26:39,499 --> 00:26:43,503 WITH OUR BERRY FARM WE STARTED HAVING POLLINATION PROBLEMS. 535 00:26:43,503 --> 00:26:46,272 AND SO THAT WAS MY EXCUSE, AND IT'S GONE FROM THERE. 536 00:26:46,272 --> 00:26:49,175 BUT IF SOMEBODY IS INTERESTED IN BEES, IT'S REALLY NOT THAT HARD 537 00:26:49,175 --> 00:26:51,111 TO START A HIVE. 538 00:26:51,111 --> 00:26:52,178 AND TO GET STARTED. 539 00:26:52,178 --> 00:26:54,547 AND YOU'LL LEARN A LOT JUST FROM OBSERVING. 540 00:26:54,547 --> 00:26:56,383 WATCHING THOSE BEELESS TEACH YOU A LOT. 541 00:26:56,383 --> 00:27:00,653 AND GO TO SCHOOL AND STUDY BIOLOGY, TAKE THOSE CLASSES. 542 00:27:00,653 --> 00:27:04,124 I STUDIED WILDLIFE BIOLOGY AND A LOT OF THE SAME THINGS I LEARNED 543 00:27:04,124 --> 00:27:06,493 IN WILDLIFE ARE APPLICABLE TO BEES. 544 00:27:06,493 --> 00:27:09,596 >> WE'VE RUN OUT OF TIME. 545 00:27:09,596 --> 00:27:12,966 THANKS TO RON AND KURT FOR JOINING US. 546 00:27:12,966 --> 00:27:16,236 YOU CAN LEARN A LOT MORE ABOUT BEES AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC TOPICS 547 00:27:16,236 --> 00:27:17,404 ON THE "D4K" WEBSITE. 548 00:27:17,404 --> 00:27:20,306 WE'LL ANSWER MORE QUESTIONS ABOUT BEES ON THE "D4K" WEB-ONLY 549 00:27:20,306 --> 00:27:20,573 SHOW. 550 00:27:20,573 --> 00:27:24,210 IF YOU WANT TO SUMMIT A QUESTION TO "D4K," YOU AND YOUR CLASS CAN 551 00:27:24,210 --> 00:27:24,844 WIN PRIZES TOO. 552 00:27:24,844 --> 00:27:28,314 YOU CAN SEND YOUR QUESTION AS AN EMAIL OR AS A VIDEO QUESTION. 553 00:27:28,314 --> 00:27:30,316 RECORD OUT YOUR WEBCAM OR CELL PHONE. 554 00:27:30,316 --> 00:27:33,253 IF YOU'RE AN EDUCATOR, WE'LL EVEN LEND ACAMERA. 555 00:27:33,253 --> 00:27:37,524 LAST MONTH'S PRIZE WINNER WAS RYAN FROM MRS. NUKAYA'S CLASS AT 556 00:27:37,524 --> 00:27:39,426 WESTSIDE ELEMENTARY IN IDAHO FALLS. 557 00:27:39,426 --> 00:27:42,862 TO FIND OUT ALL ABOUT BEES, HOW TO ?END YOUR QUESTION AND HOW TO 558 00:27:42,862 --> 00:27:44,497 WIN, GO TO THE "D4K" WEBSITE. 559 00:27:44,497 --> 00:27:47,100 EACH WEEK CHECK OUT MY SCIENCE BLOG FOR THE LATEST SCIENCE NEWS 560 00:27:47,100 --> 00:27:47,634 FO KIDS. 561 00:27:47,634 --> 00:27:52,706 YOU'LL FIND IT ALL AT IDAHOPTV.ORG/D4K. 562 00:27:52,706 --> 00:27:53,440 THANKS FOR JOINING US. 563 00:27:53,440 --> 00:27:55,508 WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME ON "D4K." 564 00:27:55,508 --> 00:27:58,912 THE PLACE FOR SCIENCE. 565 00:28:01,448 --> 00:28:17,497 Captioning Performed By LNS Captioning www.LNScaptioning.com 566 00:28:19,566 --> 00:28:22,602 >> PRESENTATION OF "D4K" ON IDAHO PUBLIC TELEVISION IS MADE 567 00:28:22,602 --> 00:28:25,038 POSSIBLE BYE THROUGH THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF THE LAURA 568 00:28:25,038 --> 00:28:26,973 MOORE CUNNINGHAM FOUNDATION. 569 00:28:26,973 --> 00:28:30,210 COMMITTED TO FULFILLING THE MOORE FAMILY LEGACY OF BUILDING 570 00:28:30,210 --> 00:28:32,612 THE GREAT STATE OF IDAHO. 571 00:28:36,416 --> 00:28:38,985 >> IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS TOPIC OR WATCH OUR 572 00:28:38,985 --> 00:28:40,987 VIDEOS, CHECK OUT THE "D4K"