WEBVTT 00:18.900 --> 00:20.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >>> COMING UP, PREDATORS ARE ANIMALS THAT LIVE BY HUNTING 00:20.166 --> 00:21.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% OTHER ANIMALS. 00:21.100 --> 00:24.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY PLAY A KEY ROLE IN OUR ECOSYSTEM. 00:24.066 --> 00:27.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT PREDATORS AND PREY, STAY TUNED. 00:27.800 --> 00:30.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% "D4K" IS NEXT. 00:48.700 --> 00:51.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% >>> I'M JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN, WELCOME TO "D4K." 00:51.367 --> 00:52.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% TODAY WE'RE TALKING ABOUT PREDATORS. 00:52.900 --> 00:55.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU CAN'T TALK ABOUT PREDATORS WITHOUT TALKING ABOUT PREY. 00:55.867 --> 00:59.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREDATORS EAT PREY, BUT DON'T FEEL TOO SORRY FOR THE PREY. 00:59.367 --> 01:02.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% NINE TIMES OUT OF 10 THE PREY ANIMAL GETS AWAY. 01:02.433 --> 01:05.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE REASON IT'S SO HARD FOR PREDATORS TO CATCH THEIR DINNER 01:05.333 --> 01:08.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% IS THAT PRI ANIMALS HAVE FIGURED OUT MANY DIFFERENT WAYS TO 01:08.633 --> 01:11.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% PROTECT THEMSELVES. 01:11.100 --> 01:14.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% ROCKY MOUNTAIN BIG HORNS USE PROTECTIVE COLORING OR 01:14.233 --> 01:17.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAMOUFLAGE TO HIDE FROM PREDATORS. 01:17.433 --> 01:20.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEIR PALE COLOR MAKES THE SHEEP DIFFICULT TO SEE IN THE BRIGHT 01:20.800 --> 01:21.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% DESERT SURROUNDINGS. 01:21.867 --> 01:23.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% TEST YOURSELF. 01:23.000 --> 01:25.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% HOW MANY SHEEP DO YOU SEE IN THIS PICTURE? 01:25.100 --> 01:29.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% EVEN AS THE CAMERA CLOSES IN, UNTIL THEY MOVE, THE BIG HORNS 01:29.533 --> 01:31.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% ARE ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO SEE. 01:31.800 --> 01:35.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% OTHER PREY ANIMALS LIKE PORCUPINES HAVE CLEVER DEFENSES. 01:35.333 --> 01:41.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU HAVE EVER BEEN STUCK WITH A PORCUPINE QUILL, YOU KNOW, IT 01:41.600 --> 01:42.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% HURTS! 01:42.900 --> 01:46.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% MANY LARGE PREY ANIMALS LIKE ANTELOPE, DEER, AND ELK, RELY ON 01:46.700 --> 01:48.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SPEED TO OUTRUN PREDATORS. 01:48.266 --> 01:53.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY ALSO HAVE EXCELLENT HEARING TO HELP THEM DETECT AN ATTACK. 01:53.233 --> 01:57.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND HERE'S ONE MORE ADAPTATION THAT HELPS MANY PREY 01:57.166 --> 01:59.834 position:10% line:85% size:80% ANIMALS -- SEE HOW THE EYES ON THIS ELK ARE POSITIONED? 01:59.834 --> 02:02.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% WIDE APART ON THE SIDE OF ITS HEAD. 02:02.100 --> 02:05.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT GIVES THE ELK A WIDE RANGE OF VISION TO HELP SPOT AN 02:05.967 --> 02:09.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% APPROACHING PREDATOR. 02:09.333 --> 02:12.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT PREY ANIMALS ONT THE ONLY ONES WITH SPECIAL TRICKS. 02:12.433 --> 02:18.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREDATORS HAVE SNEAKY WAYS OF GETTING WHAT THEY WANT. 02:18.633 --> 02:21.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% MOST PREDATORS HAVE BY KNOCK LAR VISION. 02:21.967 --> 02:24.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEIR EYES ARE SET CLOSE TOGETHER SO THEY CAN LOOK 02:24.333 --> 02:31.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% STRAIGHT AHEAD AND SEE OVER GREAT DISTANCES. 02:31.333 --> 02:34.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% BINOCULAR INVESTIGATION HELPS PREDATORS LIKE THIS SPOT ITS 02:34.900 --> 02:35.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREY. 02:35.166 --> 02:38.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME PREDATORS USE EXPLOSIVE BURSTS OF SPEED TO CHASE THEIR 02:38.500 --> 02:42.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% VICTIMS SO THEY CAN RUN, SWIM, OR FLY, MUCH FASTER THAN THEIR 02:42.533 --> 02:44.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREY. 02:44.533 --> 02:48.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% OTHER PREDATORS LIKE THIS COYOTE, MIGHT QUIETLY AND THEN 02:48.500 --> 02:52.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% SUDDENLY AMBUSH AN UNSUSPECTING ANIMAL. 02:52.433 --> 02:56.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% HERE IS A PREDATOR THAT WILL SCARE ALMOST ANY ONE. 02:56.533 --> 02:56.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% A SNAKE. 02:56.900 --> 03:01.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THIS BOA CONSTRICTOR USES ITS ENTIRE BODY TO KILL PREY. 03:01.333 --> 03:05.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE BOA WRAPS ITSELF AROUND A RAT AND SQUEEZES UNTIL THE RAT 03:05.333 --> 03:06.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% IS DEAD. 03:06.266 --> 03:10.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE SNAKE GOES ABOUT THE SLOW PROCESS OF SWALLOWING ITS 03:10.333 --> 03:15.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% DINNER. 03:15.734 --> 03:19.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% AT THIS POINT WE'VE SEEN SOME OF THE MORE OBVIOUS PREDATORS OUT 03:19.333 --> 03:19.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% THERE. 03:19.800 --> 03:21.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT PREDATORS ARE EVERYWHERE. 03:21.433 --> 03:24.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME OF THEM IN PLACES YOU MIGHT NEVER SUSPECT. 03:24.333 --> 03:27.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% DID YOU KNOW THAT MANY BIRDS ARE ALSO PREDATORS? 03:27.367 --> 03:32.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT'S BECAUSE THEY TOO EAT OTHER ANIMALS. 03:32.367 --> 03:34.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% CHECK OUT THIS BLUE HERON. 03:34.633 --> 03:38.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% HE'S EATING A RAINBOW TROUT. 03:38.100 --> 03:42.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% ARE HIS EYES BIGGER THAN HIS STOMACH, OR WHAT? 03:42.367 --> 03:45.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% ALL IN ALL, PREDATORS ARE PRETTY CLEVER CREATURES. 03:45.333 --> 03:47.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND PREY ANIMALS ARE AWFULLY SMART TOO. 03:47.867 --> 03:51.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND EVEN THOUGH PREDATORS CHASE PREY, AND PREY ARE ALWAYS TRYING 03:51.433 --> 03:55.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO TRICK PREDATORS, THE TWO ARE NOT WHAT YOU'D CALL ENEMIES. 03:55.333 --> 03:58.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT'S MORE LIKE THEY ARE EACH TRYING TO OUTSMART THE OTHER 03:58.633 --> 04:01.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHILE LIVING OUT THEIR SPECIFIC ROLES IN NATURE. 04:01.533 --> 04:05.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN FACT, PREDATORS AND PREY DEPEND ON EACH OTHER IN WAYS YOU 04:05.100 --> 04:06.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% MIGHT NEVER EXPECT. 04:06.500 --> 04:10.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN A POPULATION OF PREY ANIMALS SUFFERS, THE 04:10.333 --> 04:13.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREDATOR OF THAT ANIMAL WILL SUFFER TOO. 04:13.100 --> 04:17.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% DID YOU KNOW EVERY 10 YEARS THE POPULATION OF JACKRABBITS 04:17.066 --> 04:18.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% NATURALLY DROPS OFF? 04:18.967 --> 04:22.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% BOBCATS RELY ON JACKRABBITS FOR FOOD. 04:22.533 --> 04:25.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHAT WOULD THE BOBCATS DO WITH FEWER JACKRABBITS TO EAT? 04:25.734 --> 04:28.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% MANY BOBCATS WILL STARVE TO DEATH. 04:28.734 --> 04:33.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN THIS WAY, THE POPULATION OF PREY ANIMALS CONTROLS THE 04:33.066 --> 04:35.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% POPULATIONS OF PREDATORS. 04:35.367 --> 04:38.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO NEXT TIME YOU SEE A PREDATOR IN THE WILD, DON'T THINK IT'S 04:38.967 --> 04:41.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% MEAN JUST BECAUSE IT EATS OTHER ANIMALS. 04:41.734 --> 04:49.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREDATORS ARE DOING JUST WHAT NATURE INTENDED. 04:49.233 --> 04:51.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% JOINING ME NOW TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT PREDATORS ARE 04:51.700 --> 04:55.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% TWO SCIENTISTS, GREGG LOSINSKI AND JON RACHAEL BOTH FROM THE 04:55.433 --> 04:56.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% IDAHO DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME. 04:56.700 --> 04:57.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE. 04:57.967 --> 04:58.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> GOOD TO BE HERE. 04:58.734 --> 05:00.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WE WANT TO HEAR FROM YOU. 05:00.166 --> 05:05.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% GIVE US A CALL TOLL-FREE AT 1-800-973-9800 OR YOU CAN EMAIL 05:05.066 --> 05:19.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% US AT D4K@IDAHOPTV.ORG OR YOU CAN TWEET US@D4K ONIDAHOPTV. 05:19.433 --> 05:23.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% OUR FIRST QUESTION IS FROM WILL WHO WOULD LIKE TO KNOW ARE 05:23.433 --> 05:26.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% WOLVES SCAVENGERS? 05:26.967 --> 05:28.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> SURE THEY ARE. 05:28.533 --> 05:30.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ANIMALS ARE OPPORTUNISTIC. 05:30.166 --> 05:30.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT'S ALL ABOUT ENERGY. 05:30.900 --> 05:34.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU CAN JUST FIND SOMETHING LAYING THERE THAT'S GOOD TO EAT, 05:34.533 --> 05:37.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU'RE GOING TO DO THAT BECAUSE IT TAKES LESS ENERGY THAN TRYING 05:37.233 --> 05:38.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO CHASE SOMETHING DOWN. 05:38.800 --> 05:41.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% NO ONE IS TOO PROUD. 05:41.000 --> 05:47.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> IS A MOUNTAIN BLUEBIRD A PREY OR A PREDATOR? 05:47.000 --> 05:49.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> LET'S SAY BOTH. 05:49.100 --> 05:52.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% MOUNTAIN BLUE BIRDS ARE PREDATORS, INSECTS, AND THERE 05:52.533 --> 05:56.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% ARE HAWKS AND OTHER RAPTORS THAT WOULD BE HAPPY TO TAKE THE 05:56.700 --> 06:00.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% OPPORTUNITY TO TAKE A MOUNTAIN BLUEBIRD. 06:00.500 --> 06:02.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WE HAVE VIDEO QUESTIONS. 06:02.066 --> 06:07.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% LET'S GO TO OUR FIRST ONE FROM CANDACE. 06:07.734 --> 06:08.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI. 06:08.000 --> 06:12.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% MY NAME IS CANDACE, AND MY QUESTION IS, WHY DO PREDATORS 06:12.633 --> 06:15.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% HAVE SHARP TEETH? 06:15.066 --> 06:17.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HAVE YOU SOME EXAMPLES FROM SOME SKULLS. 06:17.333 --> 06:21.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WE'VE GOT A MOUNTAIN LION SKULL, AND OF COURSE IF THEY'RE 06:21.433 --> 06:25.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% CHASING THEIR PREY, THEY WANT TO GRIP IT SO IT DOESN'T GET AWAY. 06:25.066 --> 06:27.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT'S WHY THEY'LL HAVE THE LARGER CANINES TO GRAB IT. 06:27.533 --> 06:31.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEN THEY'LL HAVE TEETH THAT ARE LIKE RAZOR BLADES TO CUT THE 06:31.700 --> 06:32.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% MEAT. 06:32.000 --> 06:34.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY'RE JUST TOOLS, BUT THEY'RE TOOLS THEY CARRY WITH THEM ALL 06:34.367 --> 06:35.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE TIME. 06:35.166 --> 06:42.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HOW DOES IT COMPARE TO AN ELK, WHAT IS AN HERBIVORE? 06:42.533 --> 06:48.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THIS ELK SKULL DOESN'T HAVE MUCH -- THIS ONE IS MISSING MOST 06:48.900 --> 06:50.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF ITS TEETH. 06:50.633 --> 06:54.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT DOESN'T HAVE MUCH IN THE WAY OF GRIPPING OR SHEERING TEETH, 06:54.000 --> 06:58.667 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT IT HAS THESE FLAT TEETH IN THE BACK, THE MOW DARIUS, THAT 06:58.667 --> 06:58.934 position:10% line:85% size:80% GRIND. 06:58.934 --> 07:03.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND SO ELK PRIMARILY EAT GRASSES AND THEY GRIND THE GRASSES 07:03.600 --> 07:08.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% RATHER THAN GRIP, CUT, AND TEAR. 07:08.166 --> 07:10.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HUMAN TEETH HAVE A COMBINATION OF BOTH. 07:10.734 --> 07:16.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WE FALL IN THE OMNIVORE TYPE OF CATEGORY WHERE WE EAT BOTH 07:16.734 --> 07:18.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% MEAT AND VEGETABLES. 07:18.533 --> 07:21.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WILL WOULD ALSO LIKE TO KNOW WHAT'S THE NICEST PREDATOR? 07:21.266 --> 07:22.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THAT'S AN EASY ONE. 07:22.867 --> 07:26.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% I AM THE NICEST PREDATOR. 07:26.734 --> 07:28.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% [LAUGHTER] >> OK. 07:28.633 --> 07:31.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT THERE IS NO REALLY GOOD OR BAD WHEN IT COMES TO THE WORLD 07:31.633 --> 07:33.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF PREDATORS AND PREY? 07:33.533 --> 07:33.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> NO. 07:33.800 --> 07:37.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% I THINK IT WOULD BE VERY DIFFICULT TO PICK ANY PREY 07:37.800 --> 07:41.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% ANIMAL AND ASK ITS OPINION WHICH IS THE NICEST ANIMAL THAT'S 07:41.900 --> 07:42.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% TRYING TO EAT YOU? 07:42.900 --> 07:45.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO IT'S ALL A MATTER OF PERSPECTIVE. 07:45.633 --> 07:45.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> OK. 07:45.900 --> 07:51.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% LET'S GO TO OUR NEXT VIDEO QUESTION. 07:51.266 --> 07:51.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI. 07:51.533 --> 07:54.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% MY NAME IS ZOEY. 07:54.333 --> 08:02.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% MY QUESTION IS, WHY DO PREDATORS HAVE TO EAT MEAT? 08:02.000 --> 08:04.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> IT'S ALL ABOUT LIVING, AND IT'S ALL ABOUT THE ENERGY IT 08:04.433 --> 08:05.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% TAKES TO LIVE. 08:05.233 --> 08:09.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO THERE'S ANIMALS FURTHER DOWN THE FOOD CHAIN THAT ARE TAKING 08:09.533 --> 08:12.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% ENERGY THE PREDATORS COULDN'T CONSUME AND CONVERTING IT TO A 08:12.633 --> 08:15.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOURCE LIKE MEAT THAT THEY'LL -- THE PREDATORS CAN 08:15.166 --> 08:15.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% EAT. 08:15.367 --> 08:20.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO IT'S JUST PART OF A CHAIN, AND THOSE PREY ANIMALS ARE 08:20.533 --> 08:22.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% FULFILLING A NEED FOR THE PREDATORS. 08:22.867 --> 08:26.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> QUESTIONS FROM MRS. SWEITZER'S CLASS, AT 08:26.066 --> 08:26.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% RIVERSIDE ELEMENTARY. 08:26.967 --> 08:29.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHERE DO PREDATORS LIVE? 08:29.433 --> 08:30.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% SIERRA WOULD LIKE TO KNOW. 08:30.900 --> 08:32.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> JUST ABOUT EVERYWHERE. 08:32.533 --> 08:34.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> REALLY YOU CAN FIND THEM ANYWHERE. 08:34.633 --> 08:36.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WE HAVE ALL KINDS OF PREDATORS. 08:36.633 --> 08:38.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE HAVE THE MORE COMMON PREDATORS THAT PEOPLE WOULD 08:38.800 --> 08:45.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% THINK OF, LIKE LIONS, OR WOLVES, BEARS. 08:45.800 --> 08:47.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> BIG CATS. 08:47.000 --> 08:47.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> CATS. 08:47.266 --> 08:52.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT YOU COULD ALSO GO DOWN TO SNAKES, FROGS, INSECTS ARE 08:52.500 --> 08:55.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREDATORS OF OTHER INSECTS. 08:55.266 --> 08:56.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% REALLY, ANYWHERE YOU LOOK. 08:56.266 --> 08:56.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> OR FISH. 08:56.900 --> 09:00.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% A LOT OF FOLKS DON'T REALIZE THERE'S FISH-EATING FISH OR FISH 09:00.333 --> 09:04.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT EAT OTHER THINGS LIKE WORMS AND SUCH, AND SO THERE'S A WHOLE 09:04.333 --> 09:08.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% FOOD CHAIN IN THE RIVER AND LAKES THAT WE DON'T EVEN SEE. 09:08.800 --> 09:11.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> FISHING WOULDN'T BE MUCH FUN IF THEY DIDN'T TRY AND GO AFTER 09:11.967 --> 09:12.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOMETHING. 09:12.266 --> 09:18.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE HAVE A QUESTION FROM AMELIA, HOW FAST CAN A GRIZZLY BEAR RUN? 09:18.633 --> 09:20.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> IN A BURST, 35 MILES AN HOUR. 09:20.166 --> 09:23.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO THEY CAN OUTRUN A PERSON, SO THAT'S WHY IT'S IMPORTANT THAT 09:23.367 --> 09:28.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU EVER DO ENCOUNTER A BEAR, YOU DON'T TRY TO OUTRUN THE 09:28.533 --> 09:28.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% BEAR. 09:28.900 --> 09:33.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ADAM WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY DO GRAY WOLVES ATTACK IN GROUPS? 09:33.166 --> 09:37.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, I THINK IT'S A MATTER OF EFFICIENCY. 09:37.900 --> 09:42.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% TYPICALLY WOLVES ARE AFTER LARGER PREY, AND IT'S EASIER AND 09:42.633 --> 09:46.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% SAFER FOR THEM TO WORK IN A TEAM IF THEY'RE TRYING TO BRING DOWN 09:46.700 --> 09:50.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% AN ELK OR MOOSE THAT'S MUCH LARGER THAN THEY R. THAN TRY TO 09:50.700 --> 09:51.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% GO IT ALONE. 09:51.633 --> 09:54.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> CAN A LARGER PREDATOR EAT A SMALLER PREDATOR? 09:54.233 --> 09:56.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT'S USUALLY THE CASE, ISN'T IT? 09:56.633 --> 09:58.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> USUALLY, BUT IT WORKS THE OTHER WAY TOO. 09:58.433 --> 10:00.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN SOME PARTS OF THE WORLD IT'S THE SMALL THINGS THAT WILL GET 10:00.900 --> 10:01.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE BIG CRITTERS. 10:01.867 --> 10:04.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE THINK ABOUT BIG THINGS BEING POWERFUL, BUT SMALL THINGS 10:04.800 --> 10:06.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% WORKING TOGETHER HAVE A LOT OF POWER TOO. 10:06.900 --> 10:16.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO THINGS LIKE TICKS CAN BE -- BE -- CAN PREDATE ON MOOSE. 10:16.166 --> 10:24.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> LET'S GO TO OUR NEXT QUESTION FROM COLTON. 10:24.367 --> 10:28.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, MY NAME IS COLTON, AND I GO TO DALTON ELEMENTARY. 10:28.266 --> 10:36.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% MY QUESTION IS, DOES -- IS A FOX A PREDATOR? 10:36.600 --> 10:38.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> DEFINITELY A PREDATOR, BUT NOT AN APEX. 10:38.867 --> 10:42.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MAYBE YOU CAN EXPLAIN WHAT AN APEX PREDATOR IS. 10:42.266 --> 10:46.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> APEX GENERALLY MEANS THE TOP OF THE PYRAMID, THAT YOU'RE THE 10:46.066 --> 10:49.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% ONE THAT'S EATING THINGS BELOW YOU. 10:49.600 --> 10:53.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOMETIMES THAT'S I THINK A FALSE SENSE OF SECURITY, MAYBE, BUT WE 10:53.633 --> 10:58.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% START TO -- TALK ABOUT PREDATORS LIKE THE FOX WE CALL IT A MEZO 10:58.533 --> 11:00.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREDATOR, SOMETHING THAT'S IN THE MIDDLE MORE. 11:00.700 --> 11:04.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT'S EATING SOMETHING, BUT ALSO BEING EATEN BY SOMETHING ELSE. 11:04.500 --> 11:10.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> SOME PREDATORS ARE KNOWN AS KEYSTONE ANIMALS? 11:10.233 --> 11:15.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> KEYSTONE SPECIES IS A TERM THAT'S USED, IT'S A TERM THAT'S 11:15.266 --> 11:17.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% IMPORTANT TO A SYSTEM. 11:17.800 --> 11:18.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> OK. 11:18.100 --> 11:22.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% LET'S TRY OUR NEXT VIDEO QUESTION. 11:22.066 --> 11:22.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% FROM CASSIE. 11:22.900 --> 11:26.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MY NAME IS CASSIE, GUY TO DALTON ELEMENTARY. 11:26.600 --> 11:31.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% HOW FAST DO WOLVES RUN TRYING TO CATCH PREY? 11:31.166 --> 11:33.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HOW FAST DO WOLVES RUN? 11:33.333 --> 11:37.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I THINK WOLVES PROBABLY ARE ALMOST AS FAST AS GRIZZLY BEARS 11:37.433 --> 11:39.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN A VERY SHORT BURST. 11:39.233 --> 11:44.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT REALLY, THEY'RE DESIGNED TO TRAVEL LONGER DISTANCES MORE 11:44.333 --> 11:44.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% EFFICIENTLY. 11:44.633 --> 11:48.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY HAVE MUCH GREATER ENDURANCE THAN BEARS DO. 11:48.433 --> 11:51.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND THEY TEND TO WEAR THEIR ANIMALS DOWN AND GET THEM TO A 11:51.900 --> 11:56.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% POINT WHERE THEY STOP RUNNING AND THEN THEY TEST THEM. 11:56.000 --> 12:01.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% PARTICULARLY IF THERE ARE A NUMBER OF ANIMALS IN THE PACK. 12:01.533 --> 12:04.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THE SIXTH GRADE CLASS AT HILL VIEW WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF YOU 12:04.633 --> 12:08.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAN TELL SOME WAYS PREDATORS OUTSMART THEIR PREY AND SOME 12:08.633 --> 12:11.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% WAYS PREY OUTSMART THEIR PREDATORS. 12:11.233 --> 12:17.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHAT ARE SOME OF THE WAYS PREY CAN OUTSMART THEIR PREDATORS? 12:17.166 --> 12:23.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, PREY ARE ADAPTED TO AVOID GETTING KILLED. 12:23.500 --> 12:27.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOMETIMES THEIR COLORATION ALLOWS THEM TO HIDE. 12:27.333 --> 12:30.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOMETIMES EVEN OUT IN THE OPEN IF THEY BLEND IN VERY WELL WITH 12:30.166 --> 12:32.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEIR BACKGROUND AND FOREGROUND. 12:32.233 --> 12:36.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY ALSO HAVE BEHAVIORAL ADAPTATIONS WHERE THEY MAY SIT 12:36.700 --> 12:40.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% VERY, VERY STILL AND QUIETLY SO THEY'RE NOT DETECTED BY 12:40.533 --> 12:41.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% MOVEMENT. 12:41.266 --> 12:45.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT THEY TYPICALLY ALSO HAVE ADAPTATIONS WHERE THEY CAN MOVE 12:45.633 --> 12:50.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% VERY, VERY QUICKLY TO ESCAPE THE PREDATOR. 12:50.800 --> 12:54.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I KNOW MY BUNNY DOESN'T SLEEP HEAVY, EVEN THOUGH NOBODY IN OUR 12:54.734 --> 12:58.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% HOUSE IS GOING TO EAT HIM, HE STILL -- 12:58.166 --> 12:58.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ALWAYS ALERT. 12:58.800 --> 12:59.467 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ALWAYS ALERT. 12:59.467 --> 13:01.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT'S ANOTHER ADAPTATION. 13:01.266 --> 13:05.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> AS WE TALKED ABOUT EARLIER, THE POSITIONING OF THE EYES. 13:05.367 --> 13:08.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% PRINCE RAINIER ANIMALS TYPICALLY HAVE EYES ON THE SIDE OF THEIR 13:08.000 --> 13:11.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% HEAD TO ALLOW THEM MUCH GREATER RANGE OF VISION TO THE FRONT, TO 13:11.800 --> 13:14.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE BACK, TO THE SIDE, AND FROM ABOVE. 13:14.433 --> 13:19.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO THEY CAN HELP DETECT PREDATORS IN TIME TO ESCAPE. 13:19.000 --> 13:20.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HOW ABOUT PREDATORS? 13:20.266 --> 13:22.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% HOW DO PREDATORS GET AROUND? 13:22.066 --> 13:27.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> A LOT OF THE SAME ADAPTATIONS. 13:27.000 --> 13:30.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% AT CERTAIN TIMES THEY MAY HAVE PHYSICAL ADAPTATION AND A LOT OF 13:30.333 --> 13:33.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEM HAVE BURSTS OF SPEED THAT ARE BENEFICIAL THAT THEIR PREY 13:33.633 --> 13:34.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% DON'T HAVE. 13:34.333 --> 13:38.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY MAY AT TIMES HAVE A SENSE OF COOPERATION, LIKE WOLVES THAT 13:38.266 --> 13:42.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAN WORK TOGETHER SO THAT THEY ARE USING SOME LEVEL OF 13:42.967 --> 13:45.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% INTELLIGENCE THAT'S HIGHER FUNCTIONING THAN SOME OF THEIR 13:45.266 --> 13:46.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREY SPECIES. 13:46.000 --> 13:49.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% A LOT OF THE SAME THINGS, THE COLORATION ASPECTS, A LOT OF THE 13:49.800 --> 13:50.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% SURPRISE ASPECTS. 13:50.867 --> 13:54.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY HAVE THE SAME TOOLBOX SO TO SPEAK IN MANY RESPECTS, JUST 13:54.333 --> 13:57.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHEN THEY CHOOSE TO USE THOSE TOOLS. 13:57.166 --> 14:08.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> FROM MRS. SWEITZER'S CLASS, WHAT'S THE BIGGEST PREDATOR? 14:08.734 --> 14:10.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> BOY OH, BOY. 14:10.800 --> 14:13.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, FOR A LAND PREDATOR, NORTH AMERICA, IT WOULD BE THE 14:13.900 --> 14:17.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% POLAR BEAR AS BEING THE LARGEST LAND MAMMAL. 14:17.533 --> 14:21.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND THEN IF WE GO OUT TO THE SEA, ECAN GO MUCH LARGER TO 14:21.867 --> 14:26.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% ANOTHER MAMMAL, WE COULD FIND THE ORCA. 14:26.000 --> 14:28.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> AND THEY ARE HUGE. 14:28.633 --> 14:31.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THEY ARE VERY LARGE. 14:31.166 --> 14:34.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> FOR MRS. CAMERON'S CLASS AT GRACE JORDAN ELEMENTARY, GABE 14:34.900 --> 14:38.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, DO PREDATORS ALWAYS KILL THEIR OWN DINNER OR 14:38.500 --> 14:42.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% DO THEY EVER STEAL OTHER PREDATORS' KILL? 14:42.000 --> 14:43.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> IT'S ALWAYS ABOUT ENERGY. 14:43.100 --> 14:47.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU CAN HORN IN ON SOMEONE ELSE'S WORK, THAT IS GOING TO 14:47.533 --> 14:47.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% HAPPEN. 14:47.900 --> 14:50.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE'VE SEEN THAT A LOT IN PLACES LIKE YELLOWSTONE WHERE THERE'S 14:50.800 --> 14:54.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE WOLVES AND GRIZZLIES, THE GRIZZLIES WILL HANG BACK AND 14:54.533 --> 14:56.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% LISTEN TO THE WOLVES DOING THE WORK AND WHEN THEY KNOW THE 14:56.800 --> 15:00.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% WOLVES HAVE GOT SOMETHING DOWN THE GRIZZLIES WILL PUSH OFF THE 15:00.700 --> 15:03.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% WOLVES AND THEN FEED ON IT AND THE WOLVES WILL JUST HAVE TO SIT 15:03.867 --> 15:07.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN AND TAKE IT UNTIL THE BEAR IS DONE AND CAN MOVE OFF AND THEY 15:07.533 --> 15:08.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAN MOVE IN. 15:08.333 --> 15:09.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT'S ALL ABOUT ENERGY. 15:09.433 --> 15:12.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU THINK YOU CAN GET AWAY WITH SAVING ENERGY TO GET A 15:12.867 --> 15:15.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% MEAL, THAT'S WHAT YOU'RE GOING TO DO. 15:15.633 --> 15:18.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> DO BABY PREDATORS STAY WITH THEIR PARENTS WHILE THEIR 15:18.900 --> 15:20.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% PARENTS ARE HUNTING? 15:20.700 --> 15:25.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I THINK IT DEPENDS ON HOW MOBILE THEY ARE, AND HOW SAFE 15:25.000 --> 15:25.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY ARE. 15:25.900 --> 15:28.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO AT SOME POINT THEY'RE GOING TO LEARN HOW TO FLUNT THEIR 15:28.734 --> 15:32.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% PARENTS, BUT EARLY ON THEIR PARENTS ARE GOING TO LEAVE THEM 15:32.333 --> 15:35.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHERE THEY CAN HIDE AND WHERE THEY'RE SAFE, AND THEY WON'T BE 15:35.867 --> 15:38.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREY TO OTHER PREDATORS. 15:38.867 --> 15:41.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> AN EMAIL QUESTION FROM PAYTON WHO WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, HOW FAST 15:41.867 --> 15:45.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAN A MOUNTAIN LION RUN, AND WHAT ENABLES IT TO CLIMB SO 15:45.967 --> 15:46.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% WELL? 15:46.367 --> 15:47.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> OH, WOW. 15:47.533 --> 15:52.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% MOUNTAIN LIONS ARE AGAIN, MARVELOUSLY ADAPTED FOR VERY, 15:52.166 --> 15:56.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% VERY POWERFUL SHORT BURSTS OF ENERGY. 15:56.433 --> 15:57.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO THEY'RE VERY FAST. 15:57.166 --> 16:01.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% I WOULD THINK OVER A VERY SHORT DISTANCES, THEY COULD -- THEY'RE 16:01.100 --> 16:03.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% EVEN FASTER THAN A GRIZZLY BEAR. 16:03.433 --> 16:07.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY ARE DESIGNED WHERE THEY CAN JUMP VERY EFFICIENTLY, THEY CAN 16:07.066 --> 16:11.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% SPRINT VERY QUICKLY, BUT THEY TYPICALLY AMBUSH THEIR PREY AND 16:11.500 --> 16:14.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO THEY WILL PURSUE IT JUST FOR A SHORT DISTANCE, CATCH UP TO IT 16:14.967 --> 16:19.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND TRY TO BRING IT DOWRNTION OR THEY'LL FAIL VERY QUICKLY. 16:19.233 --> 16:20.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> NINE TIMES OUT OF 10. 16:20.700 --> 16:27.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THEY'RE VERY, VERY MUSCULAR, VERY, VERY QUICK EXERTION AND 16:27.100 --> 16:30.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT'S PART OF WHAT ALLOWS THEM TO CLIMB, TO JUMP AND GRIP AND 16:30.333 --> 16:35.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF COURSE THEY HAVE VERY WELL ADAPTED CLAWS AS WELL. 16:35.867 --> 16:39.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> AND THEIR CLAWS ARE LIKE HOUSE CATS IN THAT THEY KEEP 16:39.333 --> 16:45.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEM RETRACTED AND THEY'RE NOT GETTING DULD OUT WHEN IN USE. 16:45.233 --> 16:46.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> LET'S GO TO LILY'S QUESTION. 16:46.900 --> 16:49.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% GO AHEAD. 16:49.266 --> 16:53.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, MY NAME IS LILY I GO TO DALTON ELEMENTARY, AND I'D LIKE 16:53.433 --> 16:57.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO KNOW WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF ONE PREDATOR BECAME INSTINCT. 16:57.633 --> 17:01.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WHAT DOES HAPPEN IF A PREDATOR GOES INSTINCT? 17:01.333 --> 17:04.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, AGAIN, OFTEN TIMES THERE'S MORE THAN ONE PREDATOR 17:04.000 --> 17:05.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% ON A GIVEN PREY SPECIES. 17:05.967 --> 17:09.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT ULTIMATELY, HYPOTHETICALLY COULD YOU HAVE A SITUATION WHERE 17:09.433 --> 17:13.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE PREY SPECIES COULD JUST BOOM AND THEN WHEN THAT HAPPENS, IT 17:13.700 --> 17:16.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% COULD ACTUALLY RUIN ITS HABITAT. 17:16.367 --> 17:20.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOMETIMES WE THINK IF WE GOT RID OF ALL THE PREDATORS WE'D HAVE A 17:20.166 --> 17:22.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% CERTAIN TYPE OF PREY WE'D LIKE. 17:22.433 --> 17:25.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT ALWAYS DOESN'T WORK, BECAUSE YOU GET SO MANY OF THE 17:25.233 --> 17:27.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREY SPECIES THEY MAKE IT WORSE FOR THEMSELVES. 17:27.900 --> 17:31.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO PREDATORS DO HAVE A ROLE IN LIMITING THE POPULATIONS OF 17:31.233 --> 17:32.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% THOSE PREY SPECIES. 17:32.533 --> 17:35.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I READ A STUDY WHEN THEY REMOVED CATS FROM AN 17:35.633 --> 17:40.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% ENVIRONMENT, THE RAT POPULATION EXPLODED TO THE POWNT WHERE THEY 17:40.600 --> 17:42.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% STARTED EATING ALL THE FOOD. 17:42.333 --> 17:46.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO YOU NEEDED TO HAVE THAT BALANCE TO KEEP -- 17:46.900 --> 17:49.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THE BALANCE IS HARD TO FIGURE OUT. 17:49.000 --> 17:52.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND ESPECIALLY WHEN MAN GETS INVOLVED, WE KNOW A LOT OF 17:52.266 --> 17:55.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUFF, BUT WE DON'T KNOW EXACTLY HOW EVERYTHING FITS TOGETHER, 17:55.633 --> 17:59.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND SOMETIMES WHEN YOU MEAN TO DO WELL WE MUCK THINGS UP WORSE. 17:59.166 --> 18:03.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% AGAIN, IT'S BEST TO NOT RUIN A SYSTEM UNLESS YOU REALLY HAVE TO 18:03.600 --> 18:05.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% BECAUSE YOU NEVER KNOW THE CONSEQUENCES. 18:05.600 --> 18:10.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> LET'S GO TO OUR FIRST PHONE CALL. 18:10.633 --> 18:17.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHO IS ON OUR EN OUR PHONE? 18:17.867 --> 18:19.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> DO BLUE BIRDS HAVE TEETH? 18:19.500 --> 18:21.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> GOOD QUESTION. 18:21.066 --> 18:21.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> GOOD QUESTION. 18:21.967 --> 18:25.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% NO, BLUE BIRDS ACTUALLY HAVE BILLS. 18:25.367 --> 18:26.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY DON'T HAVE TEETH. 18:26.333 --> 18:31.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT THEY WILL CAPTURE AND EAT INSPECTS BY -- INSECTS BY 18:31.266 --> 18:34.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% CATCHING THEM IN THEIR BILL. 18:34.233 --> 18:35.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> A SNAP AND A SWALLOW. 18:35.600 --> 18:40.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> OTHER TYPES OF BIRDS HAVE A CROPPER, A GIZZARD WHERE THEY 18:40.233 --> 18:45.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAN EAT ROCKS AND THE ROCKS WILL BE DOING THE GRINDING. 18:45.900 --> 18:49.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO THAT'S WHY CERTAIN TYPES OF BIRDS HAVE GUTIERREZ AARDSMA. 18:49.900 --> 18:56.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> LET'S GO TO OUR NEXT VIDEO QUESTION FROM ELLEN. 18:56.533 --> 19:00.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI, MY NAME IS ELLEN, I GO TO DALTON ELEMENTARY, AND MY 19:00.600 --> 19:04.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% QUESTION IS, WHAT DO YOU DO WHEN A GRIZZLY BEAR IS ABOUT TO 19:04.533 --> 19:04.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% ATTACK? 19:04.900 --> 19:09.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WHAT IF YOU ARE THE PREY AND A GUTIERREZLY IS BECOMEB TO 19:09.734 --> 19:10.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% ATTACK? 19:10.066 --> 19:12.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MAKE SURE IT'S ACTUALLY A GRIZZLY BEAR. 19:12.066 --> 19:16.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% HOW YOU REACT TO A BEAR IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE FOR GRIZZLY 19:16.333 --> 19:19.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% BEARS GENERALLY YOU'VE SURPRISED THEM AND THEY DON'T LIKE TO BE 19:19.800 --> 19:20.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% SURPRISED. 19:20.066 --> 19:24.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% FOR ANY BEAR, THE WORST THING TO DO IS RUN AWAY F IT'S AN ATTACK 19:24.367 --> 19:28.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% SITUATION, YOU NEED TO -- AND IT'S ON YOU, ROLL UP AND PLAY 19:28.333 --> 19:31.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% DEAD, JUST LET IT CHECK YOU OUT AND MOVE ON. 19:31.734 --> 19:35.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF IT DID HAPPEN TO BE A BLACK BEAR, THEN THINGS COULD BE 19:35.533 --> 19:35.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% DIFFERENT. 19:35.867 --> 19:40.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU COULD TELL, KICK, SCREAM, AND TRY TO DRIVE THE BEAR AWAY. 19:40.800 --> 19:44.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% EVEN THOUGH THEY ARE POWERFUL THEY'RE NOT GENERALLY AWARE OF 19:44.433 --> 19:46.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEIR POWER AND STRENGTH. 19:46.233 --> 19:50.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WHY DON'T YOU TELL US THE DIFFERENCE. 19:50.100 --> 19:53.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> DON'T RELY ON COLOR, THAT'S THE FIRST THING. 19:53.166 --> 19:55.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% PEOPLE SAY BLACK BEAR, BROWN BEAR. 19:55.100 --> 19:56.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT WILL GET YOU IN TROUBLE. 19:56.900 --> 19:58.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU NEED TO LOOK AT OTHER FEATURES. 19:58.967 --> 20:03.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU'RE THAT KESELOWSKI YOU'RE GOING TO SEE CLAWS. 20:03.166 --> 20:05.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% GRIZZLYLESS HAVE LARGER CLAWS THAN BLACK BEARS. 20:05.800 --> 20:10.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND THE SHAPE OF THE FACE, BLACK BEARS TEND TO HAVE A POINTED 20:10.700 --> 20:15.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% SNOUT MORE, POINT EARS VERSUS THE GRIZZLY WITH A ROUND 20:15.066 --> 20:15.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% DISHED-IN FACE. 20:15.633 --> 20:19.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND GRIZZLIES HAVE THE TRADEMARK HUMP, WHICH HOPEFULLY YOU CAN 20:19.700 --> 20:21.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% SEE THAT IN THIS SITUATION. 20:21.700 --> 20:24.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT YOU'D PUT THOSE ALL TOGETHER, THAT'S WHEN YOU SHOULD 20:24.500 --> 20:28.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% BE ABLE TO TELL BLACK BEAR VERSUS GRIZZLY BEAR. 20:28.900 --> 20:31.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN IDAHO WE HAVE BOTH IN MANY CASES. 20:31.233 --> 20:33.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> IF YOU ARE GOING TO BE HIKE CAN IN THE BACK COUNTRY WHAT 20:33.900 --> 20:36.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% SHOULD YOU DO TO MAKE SURE YOU DON'T SURPRISE A BEAR? 20:36.900 --> 20:38.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MAKE LOTS OF NOISE. 20:38.900 --> 20:39.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% TRAVEL IN GROUPS. 20:39.867 --> 20:45.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% DON'T GO WALKING AROUND IN THE FOREST AT NIGHT. 20:45.066 --> 20:48.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND, YEAH, DON'T SNEAK AROUND ON YOUR HANDS AND KNEES, AND IF YOU 20:48.734 --> 20:54.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% HAPPEN TO SIGH SMALL CUNS ON THEIR OWN, BACK AWAY SLOWLY. 20:54.600 --> 20:56.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% DON'T BE THREATENED. 20:56.900 --> 20:57.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> OK. 20:57.166 --> 21:01.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% LET'S GO TO OUR NEXT QUESTION FROM MRS. McCAPTAINISH 21:01.266 --> 21:04.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAMERON'S CLASS, DO SOME PREDATORS HAVE TO TRAVEL GREAT 21:04.433 --> 21:06.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% DISTANCES TO FIND FOOD? 21:06.700 --> 21:07.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> DEFINITELY. 21:07.700 --> 21:11.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% I KNOW CERTAIN PREDATORS, WOLVES, FOR EXAMPLE, CAN COVER 21:11.533 --> 21:14.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% 20 MILES IN A DAY, CHECK OUT WHAT'S OUT THERE. 21:14.900 --> 21:17.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND SO AGAIN, IT'S ALL ABOUT ENERGY AND IF YOU CAN FIND 21:17.533 --> 21:19.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOMETHING CLOSE YOU'RE GOING TO DO THAT. 21:19.266 --> 21:23.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% ABOUT IT TIMES CAN BE TOUGH AND DO YOU HAVE TO COVER GREAT 21:23.233 --> 21:24.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% DISTANCES SOMETIMES. 21:24.734 --> 21:28.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> JADE FROM MRS. HUNT'S FOURTH GRADE CLASS WOULD LIKE TO KNOW 21:28.633 --> 21:34.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHAT KIND OF ANIMAL, WOLVES, OR LIONS? 21:34.166 --> 21:38.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, I THINK THERE HAVE BEEN CASES WHERE WOLVES HAVE EATEN 21:38.800 --> 21:43.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% LIONS, AND CASES PROBABLY WHERE LYONS HAVE EATEN WOLVES. 21:43.734 --> 21:47.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT THEY ARE KIND OF AT THE TOP OF THEIR FOOD CHAIN. 21:47.600 --> 21:51.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% PEOPLE ARE ALSO PREDATORS OF THESE SPECIES, AND ON SOME 21:51.533 --> 21:58.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% OCCASIONS PEOPLE WILL EAT WOLVES AND MOUNTAIN LIONS. 21:58.100 --> 22:00.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HAVE EITHER OF GENTLEMEN TASTED -- 22:00.700 --> 22:01.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HAVE NOT. 22:01.633 --> 22:03.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MOUNTAIN LIONS I LOVE. 22:03.333 --> 22:04.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% OH, YES. 22:04.266 --> 22:07.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT'S A WHITE MEAT I GUESS THE WAY I'D PUT IT. 22:07.166 --> 22:14.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> BUT IN HISTORIC TIMES, THERE WAS NOT THAT TABOO, PARTICULARLY 22:14.333 --> 22:16.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF IT'S A TIME OF FAMINE. 22:16.734 --> 22:19.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT'S A SORT OF MEAT. 22:19.000 --> 22:22.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND BIOLOGICALLY THERE'S REALLY NOT MUCH DIFFERENCE. 22:22.633 --> 22:24.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOUR ABILITY TO DIGEST THAT. 22:24.433 --> 22:26.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> LET'S GET OUR NEXT PHONE CALLER. 22:26.633 --> 22:28.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% ASHLEY IN TWIN FALLS. 22:28.867 --> 22:30.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% ASHLEY, GO AHEAD. 22:30.800 --> 22:31.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> HI. 22:31.100 --> 22:41.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IS A PREDATOR -- IF A PREDATOR'S PREY -- WENT INSTINCT, THEN 22:41.533 --> 22:45.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% WOULD THE PREDATOR BE ABLE TO SWITCH TO A DIFFERENT PREY? 22:45.433 --> 22:49.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> SO IF A PREY GOES INSTINCT IN AN ECOSYSTEM, WHAT HAPPENS TO 22:49.734 --> 22:52.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE PREDATOR? 22:52.633 --> 22:53.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% GREAT, ASHLEY. 22:53.433 --> 22:54.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% THANK YOU. 22:54.500 --> 22:55.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> VERY GOOD QUESTION. 22:55.433 --> 23:01.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT DEPENDS A LITTLE BIT ON THE INDIVIDUAL PREDATOR SPECIES. 23:01.700 --> 23:04.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND TRIR ABILITY TO ADAPT. 23:04.000 --> 23:09.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% THERE ARE CASES LIKE, FOR INSTANCE, THE LYNX THAT ARE 23:09.367 --> 23:13.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% VERY, VERY SPECIALIZED ON SHOWSHOE HARES. 23:13.367 --> 23:17.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF THE HARE POPULATION CRASHES, THE LYNX ARE GOING TO GO HUNGRY. 23:17.900 --> 23:20.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND IT WILL SOON CRASH AS WELL. 23:20.333 --> 23:25.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% ON THE OTHER HAND, THERE ARE OTHER PREDATORS, MOUNTAIN LIONS, 23:25.166 --> 23:29.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% WOLVES, THAT ARE FLEXIBLE ENOUGH TO SWITCH TO OTHER SPECIES. 23:29.700 --> 23:33.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY CAN PURSUE DEER, ELK, MOOSE, EVEN. 23:33.500 --> 23:41.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I APPRECIATE THAT, AL -- I APPRECIATE OWLS FOR TAKING CARE 23:41.233 --> 23:43.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF THE SKUNK POPULATION. 23:43.166 --> 23:47.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN FACT, LET ME ASK YOU, CHASE ASKS THE SAME QUESTION, WHAT DO 23:47.333 --> 23:48.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% OWLS EAT? 23:48.333 --> 23:50.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% BESIDES SKUNK, WHAT DO OWLS EAT? 23:50.266 --> 23:55.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> DEPENDS ON THE OIL, BECAUSE -- OWLS, SOME WILL EAT 23:55.633 --> 23:59.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% LARGER THINGS, LIKE SKUNKS, OTHERS WILL EAT SMALLER 23:59.367 --> 24:00.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% SQUIRRELS OR RODENTS. 24:00.533 --> 24:03.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% A LOT OF DIFFERENT THINGS DEPENDING ON WHAT THEY'RE 24:03.800 --> 24:06.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% ADAPTED TO AND WHERE THEY LIVE. 24:06.433 --> 24:09.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WE HAVE A WHOLE OWL PROGRAM ON THE "D4K" SITE SO YOU CAN 24:09.700 --> 24:10.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% CHECK THAT OUT. 24:10.367 --> 24:14.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% LET'S GO TO OUR NEXT VIDEO QUESTION FROM BRADY. 24:14.066 --> 24:24.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> MY NAME IS BRADY, AND MY QUESTION IS, WHY DO YOU -- WHY 24:24.433 --> 24:27.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% DO PREDATORS STALK THEIR PREY? 24:27.166 --> 24:30.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WE TALKED EARLIER ABOUT THE EFFICIENCY OF PREDATORS, TRYING 24:30.900 --> 24:35.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% NOT TO EXPEND TOO MUCH ENERGY JUST RUNNING AROUND CHASING 24:35.367 --> 24:36.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% EVERYTHING THEY SEE. 24:36.800 --> 24:40.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND SO THEY'RE GOING TO TRY TO VERY CAREFULLY SNEAK AS CLOSE AS 24:40.800 --> 24:45.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY CAN, AND MAKE SURE THIS IS AN ANIMAL THAT THEY CAN CATCH. 24:45.333 --> 24:47.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% RATHER THAN JUST RUNNING ALL OVER THE PLACE EVERY TIME THEY 24:47.867 --> 24:49.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% SEE SOMETHING. 24:49.367 --> 24:51.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> LACY FROM HILL VIEW ELEMENTARY EMAILED THIS 24:51.600 --> 24:59.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% QUESTION, WHAT IS THE SMALLEST PREDATOR? 24:59.000 --> 25:03.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> DEPENDING ON THE SYSTEM YOU'RE WORKING IN, I GUESS. 25:03.266 --> 25:09.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% INSECTS CAN BE PREDATORS, SO IT'S SMALLER INSECT IS GOING TO 25:09.367 --> 25:11.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% BE EATEN BY A LARGER ONE. 25:11.533 --> 25:14.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT'S A TOUGH QUESTION. 25:14.533 --> 25:17.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% SIZE CAN GO DOWN TO JUST ABOUT NOTHING I GUESS. 25:17.900 --> 25:21.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> AND ALONG -- CALLIE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, ARE ANIMALS THAT 25:21.433 --> 25:24.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% ARE CALLED PREY HAVE TO BE SMALL? 25:24.000 --> 25:26.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> NO. 25:26.533 --> 25:28.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% LOOK AT A GIRAFFE, FOR EXAMPLE. 25:28.500 --> 25:33.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% A GIRAFFE WOULD BE A PREY ANIMAL TO A LION. 25:33.266 --> 25:34.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THAT'S NOT SMALL. 25:34.500 --> 25:37.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> NOT SMALL AT ALL. 25:37.500 --> 25:41.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ALONG THE INSECTS QUESTION, MEGAN WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, CAN 25:41.800 --> 25:44.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% INSECTS EAT MEAT? 25:44.333 --> 25:47.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, AGAIN, WHEN WE DEFINE MEAT WE TALK ABOUT PROTEIN. 25:47.266 --> 25:50.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF COURSE THERE'S SCAVENGERS THAT WILL BREAK DOWN MEAT THAT'S 25:50.800 --> 25:51.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% ALREADY THERE. 25:51.333 --> 25:57.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT THERE ARE CERTAIN TYPES OF ANTS THAT I KNOW RAISE APHIDS TO 25:57.333 --> 25:58.467 position:10% line:85% size:80% CONSUME. 25:58.467 --> 25:59.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> APHID FARMERS. 25:59.266 --> 25:59.567 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> YEP. 25:59.567 --> 26:00.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WHO WOULD HAVE THOUGHT? 26:00.800 --> 26:04.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% LET'S GO TO OUR NEXT -- WE'VE GOT SOME EMAIL QUESTIONS -- SOME 26:04.700 --> 26:05.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% CALLERS ON THE LINE. 26:05.633 --> 26:13.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% LET'S GET TO SAGE. 26:13.066 --> 26:19.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> Caller: WHAT -- WHO IS HIGHER ON THE FOOD CHAIN, TIGERS OR 26:19.000 --> 26:19.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% PEOPLE? 26:19.900 --> 26:22.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, I'D SAY THEY BOTH ARE PRETTY CLOSE TO THE TOP. 26:22.734 --> 26:27.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT GIVEN THAT PEOPLE WILL KILL TIGERS, I THINK GIVES THEM A BIT 26:27.166 --> 26:28.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF AN EDGE THERE. 26:28.800 --> 26:30.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THE TIGERS WILL KILL PEOPLE? 26:30.900 --> 26:32.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> TIGERS WILL KILL PEOPLE. 26:32.333 --> 26:34.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> I THINK PEOPLE HAVE AN ADVANTAGE, THOUGH. 26:34.533 --> 26:38.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> IN MOST SITUATIONS, I WOULD GIVE THE EDGE TO PEOPLE AS THE 26:38.533 --> 26:39.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% TOP PREDATOR. 26:39.066 --> 26:42.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WE HAVE ABOUT A MINUTE LEFT. 26:42.867 --> 26:47.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% IF YOU'LL HOLD ON THE PHONE, WE'LL CATCH YOU WHEN WE DO OUR 26:47.367 --> 26:48.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% WEB-ONLY PROGRAM. 26:48.066 --> 26:51.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% WOE HAVE A FEW MORE VIDEO QUESTIONS, BUT I WANTED TO GIVE 26:51.266 --> 26:54.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU ONE LAST CHANCE, WHY DO YOU LIKE STUDYING ABOUT PREDATORS? 26:54.900 --> 26:56.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHAT MAKES IT INTERESTING? 26:56.633 --> 26:58.934 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> TO ME EVERYTHING IS CONNECTED. 26:58.934 --> 27:01.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHEN YOU STUDY ONE THING, YOU'RE STUDYING ITS RELATION TO OTHER 27:01.633 --> 27:03.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% THINGS AND EVEN PEOPLE. 27:03.233 --> 27:06.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO AGAIN, IT'S FUN TO BREAK THINGS OUT IN CATEGORIES, BUT 27:06.266 --> 27:07.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY'RE ALL CONNECTED. 27:07.166 --> 27:09.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT'S THE FUN PART. 27:09.266 --> 27:14.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> REALLY FOR ME IT'S JUST THE COMPLEXITY OF HOW IT ALL IF ITS 27:14.000 --> 27:14.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% TOGETHER. 27:14.333 --> 27:18.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE IMPACTS OF ONE PREDATOR ON ANOTHER, AND THE IMPACTS OF THE 27:18.000 --> 27:24.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% PREDATORS ON THEIR PREY, AND VICE VERSA, HOW THE STATUS OF 27:24.066 --> 27:27.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE PREY AFFECTS THE NUMBER OF PREDATORS. 27:27.166 --> 27:30.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> IF YOU -- IF SOMEONE THINKS THAT'S WHAT THEY WANT TO DO WHEN 27:30.066 --> 27:34.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY GROW UP, WHAT SHOULD THEY STUDY? 27:34.333 --> 27:37.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> WELL, PROBABLY THEY SHOULD GO TO SCHOOL IN SOMETHING WHERE 27:37.166 --> 27:41.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY CAN MAKE A LOT OF MONEY AND MAKE STUDYING PREDATORS A HOBBY. 27:41.333 --> 27:47.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> ASIDE FROM THAT -- >> DEFINITELY SCIENCE AND MATH. 27:47.000 --> 27:47.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> OK. 27:47.367 --> 27:50.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> GET INVOLVED WITH VOLUNTEERING IN SCOUTS AND 27:50.266 --> 27:53.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% THINGS LIKE THAT SO YOU CAN GET HANDS-ON EXPERIENCE. 27:53.166 --> 27:54.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% >> THANK YOU BOTH VERY MUCH. 27:54.533 --> 27:56.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% I APPRECIATE IT. 27:56.433 --> 27:59.834 position:10% line:85% size:80% WE'VE GOT LOFTS INFORMATION CHECK OUT THE WEB-ONLY ON THE 27:59.834 --> 28:04.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% "D4K" WEBSITE, YOU CAN EXPLORE MORE LINKS, FACTS, AND GET MORE 28:04.000 --> 28:05.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% INFORMATION ABOUT PREDATORS. 28:05.166 --> 28:08.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% MANY OF THE TOPICS, SO CHECK IT OUT AT IDAHOPTV.ORG. 28:08.333 --> 28:08.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% CLICK ON "D4K." 28:08.967 --> 28:14.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% LAST MONTH'S WINNER WAS BRINA IN REBECCA GRIS'S FIFTH-SIXTH CLASS 28:14.433 --> 28:16.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% AT VALLEY VIEW ELEMENTARY. 28:16.700 --> 28:17.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% CONGRATULATIONS. 28:17.100 --> 28:19.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHEN YOU SEND A QUESTION YOU AND YOUR CLASS WILL BE ELIGIBLE FOR 28:19.266 --> 28:19.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% OUR CONTEST. 28:19.800 --> 28:23.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU CAN WIN DVDs AND OTHER PRIZES. 28:23.266 --> 28:24.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% JOIN US. 28:26.000 --> 28:27.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% Captioning Performed By LNS Captioning www.LNScaptioning.com