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JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN, HOST:

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FINGER PRINTS, BLOOD TYPES,

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THESE ARE SOME OF THE CLUES

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CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATORS USE

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TO SOLVE A PUZZLE.

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LEARN MORE ABOUT CSI, THE

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SCIENCE OF FORENSICS.

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(MUSIC)

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IT WAS A COLD WINTER

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NIGHT, BUT WHEN I WALKED INTO

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THE ROOM, I STARTED TO SWEAT.

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THIS IS THE SCENE OF THE

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CRIME, AND I NEEDED HELP TO

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FIND OUT WHO TRASHED THIS

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CLASSROOM.

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>> IF YOU WANT TO SOLVE THE

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CRIME, WHY DON'T YOU TRY

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SCIENCE?

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CRIME INVESTIGATORS USE TOOLS

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AND SKILLS KNOWN AS FORENSIC

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SCIENCE TO ANALYZE THE

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EVIDENCE LEFT BEHIND.

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IT HELPS THEM FIND OUT WHAT

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HAPPENED AND MAYBE WHO

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COMMITTED THE CRIME.

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IN EARLIER TIMES, PEOPLE

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THOUGHT THEY COULD DECIDE IF

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SOMEONE WAS GUILTY JUST BY THE

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WAY THEY ACTED.

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THAT MEANT SOMETIMES INNOCENT

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PEOPLE WERE CONVICTED OF

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CRIMES.

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THERE NEEDED TO BE A WAY TO

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FIND RELIABLE EVIDENCE TO

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CLEARLY IDENTIFY WHO WAS

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GUILTY.

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THAT'S HOW FORENSIC SCIENCE

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AND CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION

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STARTED.

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INVESTIGATORS LOOK AT EVIDENCE

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FROM CRIME SCENES VERY

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CAREFULLY.

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EVIDENCE CAN BE SOMETHING LIKE

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SOIL, OR A PLANT.

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FOOTPRINTS.

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TIRE TRACKS.

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FIBERS.

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AND BULLETS.

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SOME EVIDENCE, LIKE

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FINGERPRINTS, CAN BE VERY

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USEFUL.

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EVERY HUMAN BEINGS'

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FINGERPRINTS ARE UNIQUE.

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IF INVESTIGATORS FIND

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FINGERPRINTS, THEY CAN COMPARE

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THEM TO OTHER FINGERPRINTS

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THEY HAVE ALREADY IDENTIFIED

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AND SEE IF THERE'S A MATCH.

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BLOOD AND OTHER BODY PRODUCTS

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CAN ALSO BE TRACED TO THEIR

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SOURCE.

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THEY CONTAIN DNA.

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DNA IS IN EACH CELL OF OUR

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BODY AND IT'S MADE UP OF FOUR

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TYPES OF CHEMICALS.

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SCIENTISTS USE FOUR LETTERS,

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A, G, C, AND T, TO DESCRIBE

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THOSE CHEMICALS.

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THEY USE COMPLEX INSTRUMENTS

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TO TAKE THE DNA OUT OF THE

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CELLS, MARK IT WITH

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FLUORESCENT COLOR, AND PUT IT

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INTO A COMPUTER TO BE READ.

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WHEN THEY LOOK AT THE DNA,

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SCIENTISTS SEE THE LETTERS

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REPEATING IN CERTAIN PATTERNS.

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IF THE DNA PATTERNS IN SAMPLES

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FOUND AT THE CRIME SCENE MATCH

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THE DNA PATTERN TAKEN FROM A

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PERSON, THEN SCIENTISTS CAN

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TIE THAT PERSON TO THE CRIME

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SCENE.

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NOT ALL FORENSIC SCIENTISTS

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WORK ON HUMAN CRIMES.

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SOME INVESTIGATORS WORK FOR

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THE IDAHO DEPARTMENT OF FISH &

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GAME.

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THEY HELP SOLVE CRIMES LIKE

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POACHING OR HELP BIOLOGISTS

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FIND OUT EXACTLY WHAT KIND OF

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SPECIES AN ANIMAL IS.

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OTHER FORENSIC SCIENTISTS

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STUDY DINOSAUR BONES TO LEARN

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HOW THE CREATURES LIVE.

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OR STUDY THE REMAINS OF

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ANCIENT PEOPLE TO LEARN MORE

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ABOUT THEIR CULTURE.

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THESE SCIENTISTS ARE TRYING TO

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LEARN HOW KING TUT, THE

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ANCIENT EGYPTIAN RULER, DIED.

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YOU CAN LEARN TO BE A FORENSIC

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SCIENTIST TOO.

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THESE STUDENTS ARE TAKING A

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FORENSIC SCIENCE CLASS AT THE

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DISCOVERY CENTER OF IDAHO.

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>> WE CAN USE FORENSIC SCIENCE

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TO FIND OUT WHO MADE THIS

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MESS?

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>> POSSIBLY.

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BUT IT TAKES TRAINING TO LEARN

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HOW TO COLLECT EVIDENCE AND

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MAKE SURE IT'S NOT

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CONTAMINATED.

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>> OK, LET'S GO LEARN MORE

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ABOUT THIS FORENSIC SCIENCE.

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WHOEVER COMMITTED THIS CRIME

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MUST BE REALLY SMART.CARTAN-HANSEN: IF YOU 
WANT TO

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LEARN MORE ABOUT FORENSIC

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SCIENCE VISIT THE SCIENCE TREK

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WEBSITE, YOU'LL FIND IT AT

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SCIENCE TREK DOT ORG.

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(MUSIC)

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ANNOUNCER:

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PRESENTATION OF SCIENCE TREK

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ON IDAHO PUBLIC TELEVISION IS

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MADE POSSIBLE THROUGH THE

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GENEROUS SUPPORT OF THE LAURA

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MOORE CUNNINGHAM FOUNDATION,

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COMMITTED TO FULLFILLING THE

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MOORE AND BETTIS FAMILY LEGACY

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OF BUILDING THE GREAT STATE OF

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IDAHO.

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BY THE IDAHO NATIONAL

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LABORATORY, MENTORING TALENT

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AND FINDING SOLUTIONS FOR

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ENERGY AND SECURITY

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CHALLENGES, BY THE FRIENDS OF

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IDAHO PUBLIC TELEVISION AND

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THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC