WEBVTT 00:18.718 --> 00:20.353 >> BEARS PLAY A KEY ROLE IN THEIR ECOSYSTEM, SO BEARS ARE 00:20.353 --> 00:20.653 IMPORTANT. 00:20.653 --> 00:22.288 DO YOU HAVE A QUESTION ABOUT BEARS? 00:22.288 --> 00:23.757 WE'RE STANDING BY WITH ANSWERS. 00:23.757 --> 00:24.758 STAY TUNED. 00:24.758 --> 00:28.628 "D4K" IS NEXT. 00:40.006 --> 00:41.207 >> HI, I'M JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN. 00:41.207 --> 00:43.209 WELCOME TO "D4K," THE PLACE FOR SCIENCE. 00:43.209 --> 00:45.545 >>> BEFORE WE GO TO YOUR QUESTIONS, LET'S LEARN A LITTLE 00:45.545 --> 00:51.918 BIT MORE ABOUT BEARS. 00:51.918 --> 00:53.687 BEARS ARE OMNIVORES. 00:53.687 --> 00:56.589 THAT MEANS THEY EAT BOTH EXPLANTS ANIMALS. 00:56.589 --> 00:59.426 SINCE THEY DON'T EAT DURING HIBERNATION, BLACK BEARS ARE 00:59.426 --> 01:02.696 VERY THIN AND HUNGRY WHEN THEY COME OUT OF THEIR DENS IN THE 01:02.696 --> 01:07.000 SPRING. 01:07.000 --> 01:11.104 THEY IMMEDIATELY BEGIN FEEDING ON GRASS, WILD ONIONS, AND OTHER 01:11.104 --> 01:12.172 GREEN PLANTS. 01:12.172 --> 01:15.909 BEARS MUST EAT CONSTANTLY DURING THE SPRING, SUMMER, AND FALL, IN 01:15.909 --> 01:18.345 ORDER TO SURVIVE DURING THE WINTER HIBERNATION. 01:18.345 --> 01:21.815 THEY HAVE SPECIAL ADAPTATIONS THAT ALLOW THEM TO UNCOVER A 01:21.815 --> 01:23.817 VARIETY OF FOODS. 01:23.817 --> 01:28.121 BEARS USE THEIR STRONG CLAWS TO RIP AT THE BARK OF TREES. 01:28.121 --> 01:30.190 UNDERNEATH, THEY FIND INSECTS TO EAT. 01:30.190 --> 01:33.293 OF COURSE BEARS LOVE HONEY, BUT THEY ALSO LIKE TO FEED ON THE 01:33.293 --> 01:37.364 BEES THAT PRODUCE THE HONEY. 01:37.364 --> 01:40.100 ANOTHER ADAPTATION IS THEIR ABILITY TO PLUCK BERRIES OR 01:40.100 --> 01:45.205 FLOWERS FROM A BUSH WITH THEIR PREHENCIBLE OR FLEXIBLE LIPS. 01:45.205 --> 01:49.676 A BEAR'S LIPS CAN BEND AND GRASP MUCH LIKE OUR FINGERS. 01:49.676 --> 01:54.214 IN IDAHO, BERRIES MAKE UP A RITT CALL PART OF A BEAR'S DIET IN 01:54.214 --> 01:55.482 LATE SUMMER AND FALL. 01:55.482 --> 02:00.620 BLACK BEARS CAN ALSO EAT MEAT, ESPECIALLY DECAYING ANIMALS, 02:00.620 --> 02:02.422 WHEN THEY CAN FIND THEM. 02:02.422 --> 02:04.958 HOW DO WE KNOW ALL THIS ABOUT BEARS? 02:04.958 --> 02:11.097 RESEARCH. 02:11.097 --> 02:12.365 >> THAT STINKS! 02:12.365 --> 02:15.335 >> STINK IS GOOD, THAT'S WHAT BRINGS THE BEARS IN. 02:15.335 --> 02:15.735 >> BEARS? 02:15.735 --> 02:16.536 >> THAT'S RIGHT. 02:16.536 --> 02:18.638 YOU'RE GOING TO HELP US SET A TRAP FOR ONE. 02:18.638 --> 02:20.874 >> WHY WOULD WE WANT TO CATCH A BEAR? 02:20.874 --> 02:22.375 >> LET ME GUESS -- RESEARCH. 02:22.375 --> 02:22.709 >> YEP. 02:22.709 --> 02:24.444 AND IT'S TIME TO GET TO WORK. 02:24.444 --> 02:29.282 GRAB A PAIR OF GLOVES AND LET'S GET A START ON THE SNARE. 02:29.282 --> 02:32.185 >> THIS RESEARCH PROJECT IS TRAPPING BEARS TO FIT THEM WITH 02:32.185 --> 02:33.453 RADIO COLLARS. 02:33.453 --> 02:37.557 THEN SCIENTISTS CAN TRACK WHERE THEY'RE CROSSING A NEW HIGHWAY 02:37.557 --> 02:38.925 BUILT IN IDAHO'S PANHANDLE. 02:38.925 --> 02:43.930 >> AS MORE PEOPLE MOVE INTO THE AREA, THEY CREATE MORE TRAFFIC. 02:43.930 --> 02:46.766 WHICH MEANS MORE INJURIES TO BOTH BEARS AND HUMANS. 02:46.766 --> 02:49.903 SO WE'RE TRYING TO FIND A BETTER WAY FOR THE BEAR TO CROSS THE 02:49.903 --> 02:50.203 ROAD. 02:50.203 --> 02:53.673 BUT FIRST WE NEED TO KNOW WHERE AND HOW OFTEN THEY CROSS. 02:53.673 --> 02:54.307 >> WHAT'S THE PLAN? 02:54.307 --> 02:56.476 ARE YOU GOING TO ASK IT WHEN YOU CATCH ONE? 02:56.476 --> 02:58.845 HOW ARE YOU GOING TO CATCH IT, ANYWAY? 02:58.845 --> 03:01.581 >> WHAT DID YOU THINK OF THAT SMELL? 03:01.581 --> 03:01.981 >> UNBEARABLE. 03:01.981 --> 03:03.616 >> THAT'S WHAT BRINGS IN THE BEARS. 03:03.616 --> 03:06.419 THEY CAN SMELL THIS STUFF FROM A MILE AWAY. 03:06.419 --> 03:09.622 AND THEY LOVE TO EAT THIS STINKING STUFF. 03:09.622 --> 03:11.057 >> EWW. 03:11.057 --> 03:13.893 >> AND THEY'LL COME DOWN OUR PATH TO GET TO THE GOODS, 03:13.893 --> 03:16.863 THEY'LL STEP ON OUR SNARE, AND BOOM, WE'VE GOT 'EM. 03:16.863 --> 03:19.899 >> AND THEN YOU'RE GOING TO ASK IT WHERE IT CROSSES THE ROAD. 03:19.899 --> 03:31.378 >> NO, WE'RE GOING TO USE A GPS, OR GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM. 03:31.378 --> 03:32.645 >> WHOA, LOOK AT THAT! 03:32.645 --> 03:34.547 >> THERE'S A BEAR IN OUR TRAP! 03:34.547 --> 03:37.817 >> LOOKS LIKE AN ADULT BLACK BEAR. 03:37.817 --> 03:38.284 >> WHOA! 03:38.284 --> 03:40.253 WHAT DO WE DO NOW? 03:40.253 --> 03:42.522 >> THIS IS A JAB STICK. 03:42.522 --> 03:45.658 THE DRUG IN THE SYRINGE WILL PUT THE BEAR TO SLEEP BEFORE WE WORK 03:45.658 --> 03:46.459 ON IT. 03:46.459 --> 03:59.773 >> THAT'S GOOD. 03:59.773 --> 04:00.607 >> WHAT'S THAT FOR? 04:00.607 --> 04:03.143 >> THIS IS A TOOTH EXTRACTOR. 04:03.143 --> 04:04.778 >> WHY WOULD YOU WANT A TOOTH FOR? 04:04.778 --> 04:07.514 >> SO WE CAN GET AN ESTIMATE OF THE BEAR'S AGE. 04:07.514 --> 04:10.784 INSIDE THE BEAR'S TOOTH ARE RINGS, JUST LIKE A TREE. 04:10.784 --> 04:12.485 >> I'M GLAD IT'S ASLEEP. 04:12.485 --> 04:16.589 >> ONCE THE BEAR IS OUT, THE BIOLOGISTS WILL ATTACH THIS GPS 04:16.589 --> 04:16.890 COLLAR. 04:16.890 --> 04:19.893 THAT WAY SCIENTISTS CAN FOLLOW THE BEAR'S MOVEMENTS. 04:19.893 --> 04:23.430 >> THE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT HAS BUILT SPECIAL TRAILS UNDER THE 04:23.430 --> 04:23.697 HIGHWAY. 04:23.697 --> 04:27.334 SO THAT BEARS AND OTHER WILDLIFE CAN MORE EASILY CROSS THE ROAD. 04:27.334 --> 04:30.704 SO BEARS WEARING THE GPS COLLAR ARE TRACKED LIKE SATELLITES IN 04:30.704 --> 04:33.707 THE SKY, AND WE CAN LEARN HOW OFTEN THEY'RE USING THESE 04:33.707 --> 04:34.908 SPECIAL TRAILS. 04:34.908 --> 04:38.378 >> WILL THIS HELP KEEP BEARS AND PEOPLE SAFER? 04:38.378 --> 04:39.179 >> WE HOPE SO. 04:39.179 --> 04:40.814 THAT'S WHY WE'RE DOING THIS RESEARCH PROJECT. 04:40.814 --> 04:44.184 MORE ASK MORE PEOPLE ARE MOVING INTO THIS AREA, AND AS MORE 04:44.184 --> 04:46.920 PEOPLE MOVE INTO WILDLIFE HABITAT, IT BECOMES MORE 04:46.920 --> 04:48.521 DIFFICULT FOR US TO MANAGE BOTH. 04:48.521 --> 04:57.364 I'VE GOT TO GET THIS COLLAR ON THIS BLACK BEAR. 04:57.364 --> 04:59.766 >> TIME FOR YOU TWO TO GET OUT OF HERE. 04:59.766 --> 05:01.868 >> IS THE BEAR GOING TO WAKE UP SOON? 05:01.868 --> 05:02.669 >> HE SURE IS. 05:02.669 --> 05:04.938 >> OH, NO, HERE WE GO AGAIN! 05:04.938 --> 05:08.141 >> JOINING ME NOW TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT BEARS ARE GREGG 05:08.141 --> 05:10.844 LOSINSKI, A REGIONAL CONSERVATION EDUCATOR WITH THE 05:10.844 --> 05:13.713 IDAHO DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME, AND EVIN ONEALE, ALSO A 05:13.713 --> 05:15.682 REGIONAL CONSERVATION EDUCATOR WITH THE IDAHO DEPARTMENT OF OF 05:15.682 --> 05:16.683 FISH AND GAME. 05:16.683 --> 05:18.251 GENTLEMEN, THANK YOU BOTH FOR BEING HERE. 05:18.251 --> 05:18.985 APPRECIATE IT. 05:18.985 --> 05:20.320 >> GLAD TO BE HERE. 05:20.320 --> 05:27.260 >> OK, LET'S GO TO YOUR QUESTIONS. 05:27.260 --> 05:33.066 >> HI, MY NAME IS ABBY. 05:33.066 --> 05:38.338 MY QUESTION IS, WHY DO BEARS [INAUDIBLE] 05:38.338 --> 05:41.808 >> BEARS HIBERNATE BECAUSE THEY HAVE TO. 05:41.808 --> 05:44.444 THE FOOD SOURCES THAT ARE NORMALLY AVAILABLE IN THE WINTER 05:44.444 --> 05:48.081 GENERALLY AREN'T THERE, SO RATHER THAN USE ENERGY THAT THEY 05:48.081 --> 05:51.251 HAVE REMAINING TO FIND SOMETHING, THEY BASICALLY SHUT 05:51.251 --> 05:51.551 DOWN. 05:51.551 --> 05:57.190 AND BEARS ARE NOT A TRUE HIBERNATOR. 05:57.190 --> 06:00.126 THEY DROP DOWN THEIR BODY TEMPERATURE AND METABOLISM BUT 06:00.126 --> 06:03.029 THEY CAN START UP IF THEY NEED TO. 06:03.029 --> 06:06.199 THAT'S DIFFERENT THAN GROUND SQUIRRELS WHO GO WAY, WAY DOWN 06:06.199 --> 06:07.967 AS FAR AS METABOLISM. 06:07.967 --> 06:10.403 IT'S A MATTER OF ENERGY CONSERVATION. 06:10.403 --> 06:12.972 IN PLACES WHERE THERE'S PLENTY OF FOOD SOURCES THAT ARE 06:12.972 --> 06:14.941 AVAILABLE, THEY WILL STAY OUT LONGER. 06:14.941 --> 06:18.511 BUT AGAIN, ONCE IT GETS TO THAT POINT ONLY THEY KNOW, THEY WILL 06:18.511 --> 06:23.249 BASICALLY SHUT DOWN AND GO ON STAND BY UNTIL SPRING. 06:23.249 --> 06:27.220 >> REED WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, HOW TALL CAN A GRIZZLY BEAR GET? 06:27.220 --> 06:31.424 >> WELL, A REALLY BIG GRIZZLY BEAR MIGHT BE ABOUT FIVE FEET 06:31.424 --> 06:32.625 TALL AT THE SHOULDER. 06:32.625 --> 06:34.160 WHEN IT'S ON ALL FOURS. 06:34.160 --> 06:37.731 WHEN IT STANDS UP, IT MIGHT BE AROUND NINE FEET TALL. 06:37.731 --> 06:41.001 BUT WHEN IT'S JUST WALKING AROUND ON ALL FOUR LEGS, WHICH 06:41.001 --> 06:44.004 BEARS SPEND MOST OF THEIR TIME DOING, IT MIGHT BE FIVE FEET AT 06:44.004 --> 06:47.440 THE SHOULDER, A REALLY BIG BEAR MIGHT BE SIX FEET AT THE 06:47.440 --> 06:47.741 SHOULDER. 06:47.741 --> 06:52.112 BUT THAT WOULD BE A REALLY, REALLY BIG GRIZZLY BEAR. 06:52.112 --> 06:56.816 >> HI, MY NAME IS RAINY AND I GO TO BASIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. 06:56.816 --> 07:01.221 MY QUESTION IS, HOW FAST CAN BEARS WALK? 07:01.221 --> 07:04.958 >> WELL, IT DEPENDS ON WHAT THEY'RE WALKING TO OR FROM. 07:04.958 --> 07:08.128 THEY CAN HAVE JUST A NORMAL PACE LIKE A HUMAN OF A FEW MILES AN 07:08.128 --> 07:11.765 HOUR, OR THEY CAN STEP UP THAT PACE AND MOVE MUCH QUICKER TO 07:11.765 --> 07:15.769 THE POINT THAT IN A SHORT BURST THEY CAN HIT 35 MILES AN HOUR. 07:15.769 --> 07:17.971 IT JUST DEPENDS ON WHAT THEY'RE TRYING TO DO. 07:17.971 --> 07:20.407 IF THEY'RE JUST LOOKING FOR FOOD THEY'RE GOING TO BE MOVING 07:20.407 --> 07:23.243 SLOWER, BUT IF THEY'RE TRYING TO GET SOMEWHERE OR GET AT 07:23.243 --> 07:24.778 SOMETHING, IT CAN BE VERY FAST. 07:24.778 --> 07:27.981 >> YOU HAVE SOME REALLY INTERESTING TRACKING SOFTWARE 07:27.981 --> 07:31.518 THAT FOLLOWED A BEAR JUST ONE SINGLE BEAR AROUND. 07:31.518 --> 07:33.420 TELL ME ABOUT THAT. 07:33.420 --> 07:37.057 >> THIS INFORMATION WAS PROVIDED FROM A GPS COLLAR THAT WE -- 07:37.057 --> 07:39.626 LIKE THIS THAT WAS PLACED ON THE BEARS. 07:39.626 --> 07:43.329 AND THESE BEARS WERE NOT PROBLEM BEARS, THESE WERE STUDY BEARS WE 07:43.329 --> 07:46.232 TRAPPED IN THE ISLAND PARK AREA OF IDAHO. 07:46.232 --> 07:49.536 AND THEY WERE TRAPPED AT THE END OF JUNE, BEGINNING OF JULY, AND 07:49.536 --> 07:53.540 THEY ACTUALLY SENT OUT A SIGNAL EVERY HOUR AND A HALF THAT HAD A 07:53.540 --> 07:55.175 GPS COORDINATE ATTACHED TO IT. 07:55.175 --> 07:58.745 SO WE COULD TRACK THEM ON THE INTERNET ON A MAP TO SEE WHERE 07:58.745 --> 08:01.481 THEY WERE GOING EVERY HOUR AND A HALF. 08:01.481 --> 08:04.384 THE INCREDIBLE THING, YOU CAN WATCH AS THE SUMMER PROGRESSES 08:04.384 --> 08:07.120 THE BEARS MOVING AROUND DIFFERENT PARTS OF ISLAND PARK 08:07.120 --> 08:10.857 LOOKING AT DIFFERENT FOOD SOURCES, WHETHER IT'S 08:10.857 --> 08:13.927 HUCKLEBERRIES, OR YOU NAME IT, AND AT CERTAIN TIMES THEY WANT 08:13.927 --> 08:17.964 TO GO SOMEWHERE ENTIRELY DIFFERENT, LIKE WAY BACK INTO 08:17.964 --> 08:21.401 YELLOWSTONE, AND IN A MATTER OF DAY OR SO THEY CAN GO FROM 08:21.401 --> 08:25.238 ISLAND PARK INTO THE HAYDEN VALLEY OF YELLOWSTONE, EAT SOME 08:25.238 --> 08:30.477 BUFFALO CARCASS, AND THEN THEY'LL MOVE BACK TO IDAHO 08:30.477 --> 08:30.777 AGAIN. 08:30.777 --> 08:33.413 AND AGAIN, IT'S INCREDIBLE THE DISTANCES THESE BEARS WILL COVER 08:33.413 --> 08:36.516 THAT WE COULD SEE USING THESE COLLARS, AND AT THE SAME TIME, 08:36.516 --> 08:38.418 NO ONE EVER REPORTED SEEING THESE BEARS. 08:38.418 --> 08:40.987 THESE BEARS WERE NOT TROUBLE BEARS, THEY WERE OUT THERE 08:40.987 --> 08:44.090 FINDING THE FOODS THEY NEEDED AND MOVING ACROSS THE LANDSCAPE, 08:44.090 --> 08:46.960 AND ONE THING WE CAN ALSO SEE WITH OTHER DATA ON OTHER BEARS 08:46.960 --> 08:49.529 IS THAT THESE BEARS ARE OVERLAPPING ALL THE TIME. 08:49.529 --> 08:54.601 A LOT OF TIMES PEOPLE THINK ANIMALS HAVE A TERRITORY, AND 08:54.601 --> 08:57.637 THEY'RE THE ONLY ANIMAL IN THE AREA, BUT FOR BEARS IT DOESN'T 08:57.637 --> 08:58.371 WORK THAT WAY. 08:58.371 --> 09:01.574 AS LONG AS THERE'S FOOD THEY WILL SHARE THE TERRITORY AND 09:01.574 --> 09:02.676 MOVE AROUND A LITTLE BIT. 09:02.676 --> 09:05.945 IT'S NEAT TO SEE HOW MUCH GROUND THEY CAN COVER WHEN THEY KNOW 09:05.945 --> 09:08.014 THERE'S SOMETHING GOOD TO EAT AT THE OTHER END. 09:08.014 --> 09:11.317 >> JASMINE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHAT'S THE MOST COMMON BEAR IN 09:11.317 --> 09:13.019 IDAHO? 09:13.019 --> 09:17.223 >> EASILY THE BLACK BEAR IS OUR MOST COMMON BEAR. 09:17.223 --> 09:20.660 OF COURSE A NATIVE JUST LIKE THE BROWN BEAR OR GRIZZLY BEAR, BUT 09:20.660 --> 09:25.665 IT DIDN'T HAVE THE SAME MAYBE NEGATIVE CONNOTATIONS WITH EARLY 09:25.665 --> 09:25.965 SETTLERS. 09:25.965 --> 09:29.035 SO THERE WASN'T A CONCERTED EFFORT TO GET RID OF IT. 09:29.035 --> 09:32.405 WE ONCE UPON A TIME HAD MANY GRIZZLY BEARS IN IDAHO, BUT 09:32.405 --> 09:36.509 AGAIN, THERE WAS AN EFFORT MADE TO REMOVE THEM, WHEREAS BLACK 09:36.509 --> 09:40.213 BEARS WERE FOR THE MOST PART TOLERATED, HUNTED, BUT TODAY WE 09:40.213 --> 09:43.083 PROBABLY HAVE 20,000 BLACK BEARS IN IDAHO. 09:43.083 --> 09:49.222 >> HI, MY NAME IS VINNY, I GO TO BASIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. 09:49.222 --> 09:52.892 AND MY QUESTION IS, HOW LONG DO BEARS LIVE? 09:52.892 --> 09:55.795 >> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 09:55.795 --> 09:59.899 BLACK BEARS IN THE WILD, GENERALLY LIVE AROUND 25 YEARS. 09:59.899 --> 10:03.737 A LITTLE LONGER IF THEY HAVE -- IF THEY LIVE IN A ZOO 10:03.737 --> 10:04.104 ENVIRONMENT. 10:04.104 --> 10:05.438 GRIZZLY BEARS, A LITTLE LESS. 10:05.438 --> 10:08.341 THEY LIVE AROUND 20 YEARS IN THE WILD. 10:08.341 --> 10:10.710 IF THEY GET TO THAT RIPE OLD AGE. 10:10.710 --> 10:13.246 AND AGAIN, IF THEY'RE IN A ZOO ENVIRONMENT, THEY CAN LIVE 10:13.246 --> 10:15.382 LONGER THAN THAT. 10:15.382 --> 10:27.527 >> HI, MY NAME IS RAQUEL, AND I MY QUESTION IS, [INAUDIBLE] 10:27.527 --> 10:32.766 >> LIKE ALL ANIMALS, WHEN WINTER IS COMING BEARS WILL PUT ON 10:32.766 --> 10:36.469 WEIGHT, BUT THEIR FUR ACTUALLY DOESN'T REALLY BULK UP AS MUCH 10:36.469 --> 10:38.838 AS OTHER ANIMALS THAT SPEND THE WINTER OUT. 10:38.838 --> 10:41.908 SO WHEN YOU SEE A BEAR IN THE SPRING, HE'S GOING TO HAVE A 10:41.908 --> 10:45.011 PRETTY SHAGGY COAT, BUT NOT LIKE A BIG WINTER COAT. 10:45.011 --> 10:50.950 ONE THING BEARS CAN DO IS THEY WILL SLOUGH THE PADS OFF THEIR 10:50.950 --> 10:51.217 PAWS. 10:51.217 --> 10:54.487 IN THE SAME WAY WE CAN LOSE SKIN, WELL, WHEN THEY HIBERNATE, 10:54.487 --> 10:58.892 A LOT OF TIMES PEOPLE WILL SEE, ESPECIALLY BLACK BEARS, THEY'LL 10:58.892 --> 11:03.063 SEE THEM LICKING THEIR PAWS AND THINKING THAT'S HOW THEY -- 11:03.063 --> 11:07.100 THEY USED TO THINK THAT'S HOW THEY SURVIVED, BY EATING ITS PAW 11:07.100 --> 11:07.367 PADS. 11:07.367 --> 11:10.437 BUT IT'S JUST THAT OLD, DEAD SKIN FALLING OFF. 11:10.437 --> 11:14.808 SO THEY DO ACTUALLY SLOUGH THEIR PAW PADS SOMEWHAT IN THE SPRING 11:14.808 --> 11:20.280 ISAAC WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY ARE FEMALE BEARS CALLED SOWS? 11:20.280 --> 11:24.184 >> WELL, BEARS ARE ACTUALLY RELATED TO PIGS. 11:24.184 --> 11:30.090 AND SO MALE BEARS ARE CALLED BOARS, JUST LIKE MALE PIGS ARE 11:30.090 --> 11:36.029 CALLED BOARS, AND FEMALE PIGS ARE CALLED SOWS, JUST LIKE 11:36.029 --> 11:36.996 FEMALE PIGS. 11:36.996 --> 11:40.266 THAT'S THE SHORT AND EASY GLANS REBECCA WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY 11:40.266 --> 11:44.738 DO BEARS LEAVE PEOPLE ALONE WHEN THEY'RE HIKING IN THE WOODS? 11:44.738 --> 11:47.374 >> REBECCA, BEARS ARE EVEN THOUGH THEY'RE POWERFUL ANIMALS, 11:47.374 --> 11:50.744 THEY UNDERSTAND THAT HUMANS CAN BE TROUBLE. 11:50.744 --> 11:54.748 AND SO WHEN THEY KNOW A PERSON IS AROUND, THEY WILL TRY TO GET 11:54.748 --> 11:55.849 AWAY FROM THAT AREA. 11:55.849 --> 11:59.252 THE PROBLEM WE HAVE WITH BEARS AND PEOPLE IS WHEN PEOPLE 11:59.252 --> 12:01.888 SURPRISE BEARS, OR BEARS AREN'T AWARE THE PEOPLE ARE IN THE 12:01.888 --> 12:05.258 AREA, AND THEN ALL OF A SUDDEN IT'S A CLOSE ENCOUNTER. 12:05.258 --> 12:07.527 GENERALLY BEARS DON'T WANT TROUBLE, AND THEY KNOW PEOPLE 12:07.527 --> 12:10.697 COULD MEAN TROUBLE SO THEY GIVE US PLENTY OF ROOM WHEN THEY CAN. 12:10.697 --> 12:13.533 THAT'S WHY IT'S IMPORTANT WHEN YOU'RE IN THE WOODS TO MAKE 12:13.533 --> 12:16.336 PLENTY OF NOISE, SO THE BEARS KNOW YOU'RE THERE, AND THEY WILL 12:16.336 --> 12:17.170 GENERALLY MOVE ON. 12:17.170 --> 12:20.907 IT'S VERY RARE THAT BEARS EITHER BLACK BEARS OR GRIZZLY BEARS 12:20.907 --> 12:21.708 BECOME PREDATORY. 12:21.708 --> 12:24.978 IT CAN HAPPEN OCCASIONALLY, BUT FOR THE MOST PART THEY WANT TO 12:24.978 --> 12:27.180 STAY AWAY FROM US. 12:27.180 --> 12:30.550 >> WHAT HAPPENS WHEN FISH AND GAME HAS TO CATCH A BEAR? 12:30.550 --> 12:32.185 >> IT DEPENDS ON THE SITUATION. 12:32.185 --> 12:35.922 IF IT'S JUST A YOUNG BEAR THAT'S WANDERED INTO TOWN BECAUSE IT'S 12:35.922 --> 12:38.925 LOOKING FOR SOMETHING TO EAT, DOESN'T KNOW WHAT'S GOING ON, 12:38.925 --> 12:42.028 DOESN'T REALIZE THIS ISN'T THE BEST PLACE FOR IT TO BE, WE WILL 12:42.028 --> 12:46.299 TRAP THAT ANIMAL AND RELOCATE IT TO A DIFFERENT LOCATION. 12:46.299 --> 12:50.203 IF IT'S A BEAR THAT'S BEEN IN TROUBLE IN THE PAST, AND IT'S ON 12:50.203 --> 12:52.906 MAYBE ITS THIRD STRIKE, UNFORTUNATELY THERE ARE TIMES 12:52.906 --> 12:56.943 WHEN WE HAVE TO TAKE THAT ANIMAL AND ACTUALLY PUT IT DOWN. 12:56.943 --> 13:01.481 BECAUSE IT BECOMES TOO MUCH OF A RISK FOR HUMAN SAFETY TO HAVE A 13:01.481 --> 13:04.684 BEAR THAT CONTINUALLY COMES IN AND IS IN CLOSE PROXIMITY WITH 13:04.684 --> 13:05.352 THE PEOPLE. 13:05.352 --> 13:10.090 THAT'S A SITUATION THAT WE AS AN AGENCY, WE JUST CAN'T TOLERATE 13:10.090 --> 13:12.892 BECAUSE OF THE THREAT TO PEOPLE. 13:12.892 --> 13:19.632 >> HI I GO TO BASIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, IN IDAHO CITY. 13:19.632 --> 13:25.905 MY QUESTION IS, HOW MUCH DO BEARS EAT EACH DAY? 13:25.905 --> 13:27.540 >> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 13:27.540 --> 13:30.276 REALLY, IT DEPENDS ON WHAT'S AVAILABLE. 13:30.276 --> 13:34.280 A BEAR IS FOR THE MOST PART JUST CONSUMED WITH CONSUMING. 13:34.280 --> 13:37.384 GENERALLY IF THERE'S SOMETHING THAT IS EDIBLE, HE OR SHE IS 13:37.384 --> 13:42.022 GOING TO EAT IT, AND AS MUCH OF IT AS HE CAN, AND KEEP EATING IT 13:42.022 --> 13:42.922 UNTIL IT'S GONE. 13:42.922 --> 13:44.090 BEARS AREN'T PICKY. 13:44.090 --> 13:46.726 THEY EAT LOTS OF DIFFERENT THINGS, SO IF THEY HAVE JUST A 13:46.726 --> 13:49.896 LITTLE BIT THEY'LL EAT THAT, BUT IF THEY HAVE A CHANCE TO EAT A 13:49.896 --> 13:52.298 WHOLE CARCASS OF AN ANIMAL, THEY'LL DO SO. 13:52.298 --> 13:54.034 THE ANSWER IS, WHATEVER IS AVAILABLE. 13:54.034 --> 13:57.137 THEY'LL JUST KEEP EATING AND YOU MAY FIND A BEAR TAKING A NAP, 13:57.137 --> 14:00.306 LIKE WE DO ON THANKSGIVING WHEN WE EAT TOO MUCH, BUT THERE'S 14:00.306 --> 14:04.244 MORE LEFT TO EAT, AND SO THAT CAN ALSO SOMETIMES BE A PROBLEM, 14:04.244 --> 14:06.713 BECAUSE YOU'RE WALKING THROUGH THE WOODS AND YOU SURPRISE A 14:06.713 --> 14:11.685 BEAR THAT'S TAKING A NAP IN BETWEEN ITS MEALS. 14:11.685 --> 14:14.721 >> JUNIOR WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY ARE SOME BEARS MORE 14:14.721 --> 14:16.222 AGGRESSIVE THAN OTHERS? 14:16.222 --> 14:20.160 >> WELL, JUNIOR, THE REASON IS THAT BLACK BEARS AND GRIZZLY 14:20.160 --> 14:23.630 BEARS KIND OF -- THEY CAME ABOUT IN DIFFERENT 14:23.630 --> 14:24.064 LOCATIONS. 14:24.064 --> 14:28.501 GRIZZLY BEARS ARE MORE OF AN OPEN PLAINS TYPE ANIMAL. 14:28.501 --> 14:31.638 THEY'RE NOT REALLY A FOREST DWELLING ANIMAL, THOUGH THEY DO 14:31.638 --> 14:32.439 LIVE IN THE FORESTS. 14:32.439 --> 14:36.109 BUT THEY HAVE A DIFFERENT ATTITUDE ABOUT LIFE. 14:36.109 --> 14:39.279 THEIR BEST DEFENSE IS GENERALLY A GOOD OFFENSE. 14:39.279 --> 14:43.817 SO THEY TEND TO BE MORE AGGRESSIVE TOWARD HUMANS, ANDER AND 14:43.817 --> 14:47.087 OTHER ANIMALS, FOR THAT MATTER, THAN BLACK BEARS. 14:47.087 --> 14:49.756 BLACK BEARS SPEND MOST OF THEIR TIME IN THE FOREST AND THE 14:49.756 --> 14:52.826 FOREST IS A GREAT PLACE TO RETREAT TO. 14:52.826 --> 14:56.363 SO BLACK BEARS TEND TO BE LESS AGGRESSIVE THAN GRIZZLY BEARS, 14:56.363 --> 15:00.967 AND THEIR BEST OFFENSE, OR THEIR BEST DEFENSE IS GOOD DEFENSE. 15:00.967 --> 15:04.871 IF THEY FEEL THREATENED, THEY'LL RUN IN THE WOODS, CLIMB A TREE. 15:04.871 --> 15:07.073 GRIZZLY BEARS DON'T HAVE THAT OPTION PER SE. 15:07.073 --> 15:10.210 THEY AREN'T REAL GREAT CLIMBERS, AND SO THEY WOULD -- 15:10.210 --> 15:14.481 THEY TEND TO BE MORE AGGRESSIVE THAN THEIR BLACK BEAR 15:14.481 --> 15:18.251 COUNTERPARTS, BECAUSE OF THE AREAS WHERE THEY KIND OF GREW 15:18.251 --> 15:18.485 UP. 15:18.485 --> 15:21.254 IF YOU THINK ABOUT GRIZZLY BEARS, THEY'RE FOUND IN 15:21.254 --> 15:24.991 YELLOWSTONE, BUT THAT'S NOT GREAT GRIZZLY BEAR HABITAT. 15:24.991 --> 15:28.061 THEY'D RATHER BE IN AREAS THAT WE SPEND OUR TIME IN, BUT WE'RE 15:28.061 --> 15:30.530 NOT VERY TOLERANT OF HAVING GRIZZLY BEARS THERE. 15:30.530 --> 15:33.233 BUT IN THE OLD DAYS, THAT'S WHERE THEY LIVED, OUT IN THE 15:33.233 --> 15:36.736 OPEN COUNTRY, AND IF THEY GOT THREATENED, THEY WOULD OFTEN 15:36.736 --> 15:38.171 TIMES CHARGE. 15:38.171 --> 15:42.609 AND THEY STILL HAVE THOSE INHERENT BEHAVIORS STILL IN 15:42.609 --> 15:43.176 THEIR BRAINS. 15:43.176 --> 15:48.882 SO THEY WILL STILL DO THAT FROM TIME TO TIME. 15:48.882 --> 15:52.018 >> DID YOU KNOW THAT BEARS HAVE A SUPER SENSE OF SMELL? 15:52.018 --> 15:54.921 THEY CAN PICK UP SCENTS MUCH BETTER THAN HUMANS CAN. 15:54.921 --> 15:59.459 BEARS CAN ALSO SEE AND HEAR REALLY WELL, AND OUTRUN MOST 15:59.459 --> 16:04.964 PEOPLE. 16:04.964 --> 16:08.234 >> HI, MY NAME IS LIBBY. 16:08.234 --> 16:11.705 MY QUESTION IS, HOW DO BEARS CLIMB TREES? 16:11.705 --> 16:12.839 >> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 16:12.839 --> 16:14.240 IT DEPENDS ON THE SPECIES. 16:14.240 --> 16:17.577 HERE IN IDAHO WE HAVE THE BLACK BEAR AND WE ALSO HAVE THE 16:17.577 --> 16:20.580 GRIZZLY BEAR, AND WHEN YOU LOOK AT THEIR CLAWS, THEY'RE VERY, 16:20.580 --> 16:21.147 VERY DIFFERENT. 16:21.147 --> 16:25.051 WHEN YOU LOOK AT A BLACK BEAR, THEY DEVELOPED IN AN AREA WHERE 16:25.051 --> 16:28.588 THE TREES WERE IMPORTANT FOR GETTING AWAY FROM MAYBE OTHER 16:28.588 --> 16:30.423 PREDATORS OR SEEK FOOD. 16:30.423 --> 16:33.626 SO THEIR CLAWS ARE SHORT AND SHARP AND WELL ADAPTED TO 16:33.626 --> 16:33.960 CLIMBING. 16:33.960 --> 16:36.996 WHEN YOU LOOK AT A GRIZZLY BEAR'S CLAWS, THEY'RE VERY LONG, 16:36.996 --> 16:43.603 THEY ALMOST LOOK LOOK TINNES ON A RAKE. 16:43.603 --> 16:45.905 THEY CAN CLIMB, BUT IT TURNS MORE INTO A FUNCTION OF THE SIZE 16:45.905 --> 16:49.275 OF THE BEAR AND THE SIZE OF THE TREE, SO WHEREAS BLACK BEARS ARE 16:49.275 --> 16:52.345 PRETTY UNIVERSALLY GOOD CLIMBERS, GRIZZLY BEARS HAVE 16:52.345 --> 16:55.548 THEIR LIMIT, BUT THEY DO CLIMB MORE THAN PEOPLE REALIZE. 16:55.548 --> 17:02.555 >> MY NAME IS RACELYN, I GO TO RIVERSIDE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. 17:02.555 --> 17:12.232 MY QUESTION IS, HOW IS A BEAR'S NUTRITION DIFFERENT FROM A 17:12.232 --> 17:13.833 HUMAN'S NUTRITION? 17:13.833 --> 17:15.869 >> WELL, TO BE HONEST, IT'S REALLY NOT. 17:15.869 --> 17:20.206 BEARS NEED A LOT OF THE SAME THINGS THAT YOU AND I EAT. 17:20.206 --> 17:22.142 AND YOU AND I EAT A LOT OF DIFFERENT THINGS. 17:22.142 --> 17:24.077 BEARS EAT A LOT OF DIFFERENT THINGS. 17:24.077 --> 17:27.247 THEY LIKE BERRIES, THEY LIKE MEAT, THEY EAT THEIR VEGETABLES 17:27.247 --> 17:29.249 JUST LIKE WE'RE SUPPOSED TO DO. 17:29.249 --> 17:32.686 SO REALLY, WE HAVE A LOT IN COMMON WITH THEM WHEN IT COMES 17:32.686 --> 17:35.889 TO THE TYPES OF FOODS WE CONSUME. 17:35.889 --> 17:42.328 >> MY NAME IS LEVI, I GO TO BASIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN IDAHO 17:42.328 --> 17:44.631 CITY. 17:44.631 --> 17:50.170 MY QUESTION IS, HOW BIG IS A POLAR BEAR? 17:50.170 --> 17:52.105 >> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 17:52.105 --> 17:56.176 THE POLAR BEAR, BECAUSE OF WHERE IT LIVES, NEEDS TO BE LARGE, 17:56.176 --> 17:58.111 NEEDS THE BODY MASS TO KEEP IT GOING. 17:58.111 --> 18:01.581 SO IT CAN WEIGH UPWARDS OF 1500 POUNDS, WHICH MANY PEOPLE 18:01.581 --> 18:05.752 CONSIDER THE POLAR BEAR TO BE THE LARGEST LAND CARNIVORE 18:05.752 --> 18:07.921 MAMMAL OUT THERE. 18:07.921 --> 18:10.657 >> ABBY WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY DO BEARS COME IN DIFFERENT 18:10.657 --> 18:12.058 COLORS? 18:12.058 --> 18:15.061 >> WELL, ABBY, BEARS COME IN DIFFERENT COLORS FOR THE SAME 18:15.061 --> 18:17.063 REASONS THAT WE HAVE DIFFERENT HAIR COLOR. 18:17.063 --> 18:17.964 OR DIFFERENT EYE COLOR. 18:17.964 --> 18:20.500 IT'S ALL RELATED TO AGAIN ETICKS. 18:20.500 --> 18:24.838 AND OUT HERE IN THE -- GENETICS. 18:24.838 --> 18:27.607 BLACK BEARS COME IN A VARIETY OF DIFFERENT COLORS, THEY JUST HAVE 18:27.607 --> 18:30.477 A DIFFERENT GENE SYSTEM THAT ALLOWS THEM TO COME IN DIFFERENT 18:30.477 --> 18:30.710 COLORS. 18:30.710 --> 18:34.614 BUT IF YOU GO BACK EAST, ALMOST ALL THE BLACK BEARS BACK EAST ON 18:34.614 --> 18:37.050 THE EAST COAST, THEY'RE ALMOST ALL BLACK. 18:37.050 --> 18:41.588 EVERY NOW AND THEN YOU'LL HAVE A VARIETY, A DIFFERENT COLOR 18:41.588 --> 18:45.425 VARIETY ON A BEAR BACK EAST, BUT FOR THE MOST PART THEY'RE ALMOST 18:45.425 --> 18:46.092 ALWAYS BLACK. 18:46.092 --> 18:50.363 OUT HERE WE'VE GOT A WIDE RANGE OF COLORS AND IT'S ALL RELATED 18:50.363 --> 18:52.432 TO GENETICS. 18:52.432 --> 18:56.236 BLONDE HAIR, BLUE EYES, BROWN EYES, IT DEPENDS ON THE 18:56.236 --> 19:00.473 COMBINATION OF CHROMASOMES THAT COME TOGETHER TO MAKE THE BEAR. 19:00.473 --> 19:10.950 >> MY NAME IS DANIEL, AND MY QUESTION IS, WHAT DO BEARS EAT? 19:10.950 --> 19:15.855 >> IN AREAS LIKE AROUND IDAHO, BEARS WILL EAT JUST ABOUT 19:15.855 --> 19:17.557 ANYTHING. 19:17.557 --> 19:20.660 THEY EAT CARRION, THAT IS DEAD ANIMALS, IN THE SPRINGTIME WHEN 19:20.660 --> 19:24.464 THEY FIRST COME OUT OF THE DEN, AND THEN THEY'LL START EATING 19:24.464 --> 19:24.698 GRASSES. 19:24.698 --> 19:28.768 WHEN THE GREEN-UP STARTS, THE SNOW STARTS MELTING AND THE SUN 19:28.768 --> 19:32.872 COMES OUT AND THE GRASS STARTS GROWING, BEARS WILL KEY IN ON 19:32.872 --> 19:35.975 THOSE AREAS AND START FEEDING ON THAT NEW GREEN GRASS. 19:35.975 --> 19:39.512 I'VE SEEN BEARS WALKING THROUGH A MEADOW CLIPPING OFF THE 19:39.512 --> 19:41.848 DANDELION HEADS AS THEY WALK. 19:41.848 --> 19:46.086 IT'S NOT VERY OFTEN YOU THINK ABOUT A GRIZZLY BEAR EATING 19:46.086 --> 19:48.621 DANDELION FLOWERS, BUT THEY DO THAT. 19:48.621 --> 19:51.624 THEN IN THE LATE SPRING AND SUMMER, THEY'LL EAT ANYTHING 19:51.624 --> 19:54.361 THAT THEY CAN FIND THAT'S EDIBLE. 19:54.361 --> 19:57.063 AND THEN GOING INTO THE FALL THEY START -- 19:57.063 --> 20:00.700 THEY RETOOL AGAIN, THEY START EATING BUFFALO BERRIES, AND 20:00.700 --> 20:02.969 HUCKLEBERRIES, AND DIFFERENT THINGS THAT WILL GIVE THEM LOTS 20:02.969 --> 20:06.706 OF ENERGY THAT THEY CAN PUT ON AS FAT TO GET THEM THROUGH THE 20:06.706 --> 20:07.640 WINTER TIME. 20:07.640 --> 20:10.710 SO WE CLASSIFY BEARS AS GENERALISTS. 20:10.710 --> 20:13.179 THAT IS, THAT THEY EAT A LOT MUCH DIFFERENT THINGS. 20:13.179 --> 20:18.184 THEY'VE GOT ONE OF THE MOST VARIED DIET OF ANY ANIMAL OUT 20:18.184 --> 20:18.551 THERE. 20:18.551 --> 20:21.921 AND IT'S BECAUSE THEY -- BECAUSE THEY HAVE SUCH HIGH 20:21.921 --> 20:24.924 ENERGY NEEDS, THEY HAVE TO BE ABLE TO EAT JUST ABOUT ANYTHING, 20:24.924 --> 20:27.994 BECAUSE YOU JUST NEVER KNOW WHEN YOUR NEXT MEAL IS GOING TO COME 20:27.994 --> 20:30.296 ALONG IF YOU'RE A BEAR. 20:30.296 --> 20:32.832 >> I UNDERSTAND YOU'RE DOING WORK IN SLOVAKIA ABOUT WHAT 20:32.832 --> 20:35.535 BEARS EAT WHEN IT COMES TO EATING IN TRASH CANS. 20:35.535 --> 20:35.835 >> RIGHT. 20:35.835 --> 20:38.304 A LOT OF FOLKS DON'T REALIZE OVER IN EUROPE THEY HAVE THE 20:38.304 --> 20:43.109 SAME BEAR WE HAVE, WE CALL IT THE GRIZZLY BEAR, IT'S CALLED 20:43.109 --> 20:44.377 THE BROWN BEAR THERE. 20:44.377 --> 20:47.480 THEIR BEARS ARE FAIRLY CLOSE TO PEOPLE AND GETTING INTO LOTS OF 20:47.480 --> 20:48.481 TROUBLE WITH DUMPSTERS. 20:48.481 --> 20:50.850 WE'VE BEEN WORKING WITH THE FOLKS THERE TO TRY TO FIGURE OUT 20:50.850 --> 20:55.121 A WAY TO TAKE THE DUMPSTERS THAT THEY HAVE AND MAKE THEM SO BEARS 20:55.121 --> 20:56.322 CAN'T GET INTO THEM. 20:56.322 --> 20:59.426 AND AS PART OF THAT PROJECT WE'VE ACTUALLYAD THEM SHIP A 20:59.426 --> 21:03.063 DUMPSTER OVER FROM SLOVAKIA TO AMERICA AND WE'VE TAKEN IT UP TO 21:03.063 --> 21:06.332 THE GRIZZLY WOLF DISCOVERY CENTER IN WEST YELLOWSTONE, AND 21:06.332 --> 21:08.535 THOSE FOLKS HAVE TESTED IT ON THE BEARS THERE. 21:08.535 --> 21:11.004 AND IT FAILED, WHICH WE KNEW IT WOULD. 21:11.004 --> 21:14.607 SO NOW WE HAVE THAT CONTAINER UP IN CANADA, A COMPANY UP THERE IS 21:14.607 --> 21:17.911 WORKING TO MAKE MODIFICATIONS, AND WE'RE GOING TO TEST IT AGAIN 21:17.911 --> 21:22.515 AND HOPEFULLY HAVE IT PASS SO THAT WE CAN TAKE THOSE PARTS 21:22.515 --> 21:27.987 THAT MADE IT WORK AND ACTUALLY MASS PRODUCE THOSE FOR ANY 21:27.987 --> 21:30.623 COUNTRY THAT'S IN THE MOUNTAINS WHERE THERE ARE BROWN BEARS. 21:30.623 --> 21:33.293 IT'S KIND OF AN INTERNATIONAL PROJECT TO HELP BEARS AND PEOPLE 21:33.293 --> 21:34.094 GET ALONG. 21:34.094 --> 21:36.296 >> WHY DON'T YOU WANT BEARS GETTING INTO TRASH? 21:36.296 --> 21:40.934 >> THE PROBLEM IS, BEARS, AGAIN, ARE GENERALISTS, THEY'LL EAT 21:40.934 --> 21:44.004 JUST ABOUT ANYTHING AND IF IT'S TOO HARD TO FIND NATURAL FOODS, 21:44.004 --> 21:47.774 YET THERE'S WHAT WE CALL HUMAN RELATED FOODS THAT ARE 21:47.774 --> 21:50.744 AVAILABLE, PARTICULARLY GARBAGE, BEARS WILL KEY IN ON THAT. 21:50.744 --> 21:53.380 AND THE PROBLEM IS THE GARBAGE IS CLOSE TO PEOPLE, SO NOW 21:53.380 --> 21:56.316 YOU'VE GOT THESE BEARS COMING IN BY PEOPLE, AND IF THEY CAN'T GET 21:56.316 --> 21:59.252 THE TRASH, THEY'LL GO AFTER OTHER THINGS, AND GENERALLY NOT 21:59.252 --> 22:02.222 SO MUCH PEOPLE, BUT IT'S JUST VERY DISCONCERTING TO HAVE 22:02.222 --> 22:05.525 GRIZZLY BEARS IN THE BACK YARD, AND SO AGAIN, WE'RE TRYING TO 22:05.525 --> 22:09.896 WORK TO HELP EDUCATE THE BEARS TO NOT COME TO PEOPLE FOR FOOD. 22:09.896 --> 22:14.000 AND ONE WAY TO DO IT IS TO MAKE IT AS EASY AS POSSIBLE FOR 22:14.000 --> 22:16.970 PEOPLE TO KEEP BEARS AND IN THIS CASE GARBAGE SEPARATE. 22:16.970 --> 22:19.639 WHAT THAT MEANS IS COMING UP WITH A WAY TO HAVE A DUMPSTER 22:19.639 --> 22:22.909 THAT NOT ONLY KEEPS BEARS OUT, BUT ALLOWS PEOPLE TO USE IT 22:22.909 --> 22:26.279 EASILY TO THROW GARBAGE AWAY, AND ALSO HAS A MECHANISM THAT'S 22:26.279 --> 22:28.281 EASY FOR THE TRASH HAULERS TO USE. 22:28.281 --> 22:31.718 BECAUSE IF IT'S TOO HARD FOR THEM TO DUMP IT, THEY WON'T DO 22:31.718 --> 22:32.085 THAT. 22:32.085 --> 22:33.920 SO THEY'LL LEAVE GARBAGE PILING UP. 22:33.920 --> 22:35.655 SO IT DEFEATS THE WHOLE PROCESS. 22:35.655 --> 22:38.458 LOTS OF DIFFERENT THINGS ARE INVOLVED IN MAKING IT SO THAT 22:38.458 --> 22:41.628 BEARS AND PEOPLE CAN LIVE TOGETHER, BUT IF WE AS HUMANS 22:41.628 --> 22:44.197 FIGURE OUT WHAT WE NEED TO DO, BEARS ARE MORE THAN WILLING TO 22:44.197 --> 22:50.470 GO 8 LONG WITH US. 22:50.470 --> 22:55.542 >> MY QUESTION IS HOW DO 'BAR BEARS SWIM IN THE ARCTIC. 22:55.542 --> 22:57.210 >> THEY HAVE GIGANTIC PAWS. 22:57.210 --> 22:59.713 AND THEY'RE VERY STRONG, GOOD SWIMMERS. 22:59.713 --> 23:05.418 THEY'VE BEEN FOUND OUT TO SEA, MILES AND MILES FROM ANY LAND OR 23:05.418 --> 23:08.588 ICE THAT THEY MIGHT HAVE OTHERWISE BEEN ABLE TO CLIMB OUT 23:08.588 --> 23:08.855 ON. 23:08.855 --> 23:11.257 SO THEY'RE VERY COMFORTABLE IN THE WATER, THEY SPEND A FAIR 23:11.257 --> 23:13.626 AMOUNT OF TIME IN THE WATER MOVING BACK AND FORTH BETWEEN 23:13.626 --> 23:17.263 LAND AND ICE FLOE AND BETWEEN ICE FLOES AND OTHER ICE FLOES. 23:17.263 --> 23:21.434 SO THEY'VE GOT GIGANTIC PAWS THAT HELP THEM JUST LIKE PADDLES 23:21.434 --> 23:25.071 ON A CANOE, FOR INSTANCE, TO HELP THEM GET THROUGH THE WATER. 23:25.071 --> 23:27.440 AND THEY'RE VERY COMFORTABLE SWIMMING, SO THEY'RE GREAT, 23:27.440 --> 23:28.742 GREAT SWIMMERS. 23:28.742 --> 23:31.911 >> KAYLIE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, DO CUBS HIBERNATE WITH THEIR 23:31.911 --> 23:33.980 MOTHERS? 23:33.980 --> 23:35.348 >> YES, THE CUBS DO. 23:35.348 --> 23:38.385 THEY'RE BORN IN THE DEN WITH MOM. 23:38.385 --> 23:42.288 AND THEN THE FOLLOWING YEAR MOM DIGS A NEW DEN, AND THE CUBS GO 23:42.288 --> 23:44.724 IN AND SPEND THE WINTER WITH HER AGAIN. 23:44.724 --> 23:47.761 AND IF IT HAPPENS TO BE A GRIZZLY BEAR, THE NEXT YEAR MOM 23:47.761 --> 23:51.931 WILL DIG ANOTHER DEN AND THOSE BIGGER CUBS WILL GO INTO THE DEN 23:51.931 --> 23:53.667 AND SLEEP WITH HER AGAIN. 23:53.667 --> 23:57.470 SO MOM HAS TO KEEP DIGGING A LARGER AND LARGER DEN EVERY YEAR 23:57.470 --> 24:00.040 BECAUSE THE CUBS CONTINUE TO GET LARGER AND LARGER. 24:00.040 --> 24:03.343 >> SO WHAT DO YOU BOTH SUGGEST SOMEONE DO IF THEY'RE INTERESTED 24:03.343 --> 24:04.411 IN STUDYING ABOUT BEARS? 24:04.411 --> 24:08.248 WHAT KIND OF CLASSES SHOULD THEY TAKE IN SCHOOL? 24:08.248 --> 24:11.317 >> WELL, THE FIRST THING IS, YOU GOT TO GET REALLY GOOD GRADES IN 24:11.317 --> 24:12.218 HIGH SCHOOL. 24:12.218 --> 24:15.622 STUDY HARD, AND DO YOUR BEST WORK. 24:15.622 --> 24:18.892 AND THEN ONCE THAT -- ONCE YOUR HIGH SCHOOL CAREER 24:18.892 --> 24:24.597 ENDS, YOU NEED TO BE ENROLLING IN A SCHOOL THAT HAS A REALLY 24:24.597 --> 24:28.501 STRONG ZOOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, BIOLOGY BACKGROUND, MAYBE A 24:28.501 --> 24:29.102 WILDLIFE PROGRAM. 24:29.102 --> 24:32.172 AND THEN FROM THERE, YOU PROBABLY ARE GOING TO HAVE TO GO 24:32.172 --> 24:34.741 TO GRADUATE SCHOOL AND GET A GRADUATE DEGREE. 24:34.741 --> 24:37.377 THAT'S WHERE YOU CAN REALLY FOCUS ON MAYBE GETTING INVOLVED 24:37.377 --> 24:44.351 IN A BEAR PROJECT SOMEWHERE, AND USING THAT STUDY, THAT PROJECT 24:44.351 --> 24:47.921 AS YOUR MASTERS THESIS FOR YOUR DEGREE THERE. 24:47.921 --> 24:52.025 AND THEN AFTER THAT'S DONE, WITH ANY LUCK YOU HAVE THE 24:52.025 --> 24:57.564 OPPORTUNITY THEN TO MAYBE LAND A JOB WITH AN AGENCY THAT STUDIES 24:57.564 --> 24:57.831 BEARS. 24:57.831 --> 24:59.966 AND BECOMES MAYBE A BEAR BIOLOGIST. 24:59.966 --> 25:02.769 >> AND WHY DO YOU LIKE STUDYING BEARS? 25:02.769 --> 25:05.705 >> I THINK THE REASON I LIKE STUDYING BEARS IS BECAUSE WE 25:05.705 --> 25:07.674 CALL THEM AN UMBRELLA SPECIES. 25:07.674 --> 25:10.944 IF YOU CAN HAVE BEARS IN AN AREA, GENERALLY THAT MEANS YOU 25:10.944 --> 25:13.680 CAN HAVE OTHER SPECIES THERE AS WELL. 25:13.680 --> 25:16.416 SO WHERE IT'S SOMETIMES HARD TO CHECK ON THE LITTLER SPECIES, 25:16.416 --> 25:20.086 BEARS ARE FAIRLY OBVIOUS, SO WE CAN WORK TO TAKE CARE OF THE 25:20.086 --> 25:23.056 BEARS, THAT MEANS EVERYTHING ELSE SHOULD BE DOING WELL, AND 25:23.056 --> 25:26.493 SO WE AS HUMANS DEFINITELY HAVE AN IMPACT ON THINGS LIKE BEARS, 25:26.493 --> 25:29.529 SO THAT'S THE NEAT THING TO ME, IS THE CHALLENGE TO WORKING WITH 25:29.529 --> 25:31.865 NOT JUST THE BEARS BUT THE HUMANS AND BEARS TOGETHER. 25:31.865 --> 25:35.535 IF WE CAN MAKE IT ALL WORK, IT CAN WORK OUT FOR THE ANALYSIS 25:35.535 --> 25:37.704 ITEM AS WELL AS PEOPLE. 25:37.704 --> 25:40.440 >> YOU SHOULDN'T BE INTIMIDATING BY THE SCHOOLING. 25:40.440 --> 25:42.976 IF YOU WANT TO STUDY BEARS -- >> NO. 25:42.976 --> 25:46.279 I MEAN, IT REALLY DOESN'T MATTER WHAT YOU WANT TO STUDY, WHETHER 25:46.279 --> 25:50.283 IT'S BEARS OR SOME KIND OF SONGBIRD, OR WHATEVER IT MIGHT 25:50.283 --> 25:50.550 BE. 25:50.550 --> 25:53.453 YOU'VE GOT TO PUT YOUR TIME IN IF YOU'RE GOING TO MAKE A CAREER 25:53.453 --> 25:54.721 OF IT. 25:54.721 --> 25:58.391 LOTS OF FOLKS DO IT AS A HOBBY, GO OUT AND BIRD WATCH OR STUDY 25:58.391 --> 26:02.228 ANIMALS OR WHATEVER, BUT IF YOU ARE SERIOUS ABOUT ACTUALLY 26:02.228 --> 26:05.832 WORKING FOR AN AGENCY, THEN, YEAH, YOU SHOULD PLAN ON GOING 26:05.832 --> 26:09.703 TO A FOUR-YEAR SCHOOL, AND AFTER THAT PROBABLY GRADUATE SCHOOL 26:09.703 --> 26:11.671 TO -- AND IN SOME CASES MAYBE HAVE TO 26:11.671 --> 26:14.307 GO BACK AND GET A PH.D. TO DO CERTAIN -- 26:14.307 --> 26:16.976 TO HAVE CERTAIN POSITIONS WITH DIFFERENT AGENCY. 26:16.976 --> 26:21.147 >> THE OTHER THING THAT'S IMPORTANT IS, WE NEED TO KNOW 26:21.147 --> 26:23.350 OUR NATURAL SCIENCES, IT'S IMPORTANT TO LEARN ABOUT 26:23.350 --> 26:23.683 COMPUTERS. 26:23.683 --> 26:27.987 NOT JUST COMPUTER GAMES, BUT ALSO JUST HOW YOU USE COMPUTERS 26:27.987 --> 26:31.791 TO DO ALL KINDS OF RESEARCH AND DATA COLLECTION, AND AGAIN, SO 26:31.791 --> 26:34.961 IT'S IMPORTANT TO HAVE A STRONG DESIRE TO WORK IN THE NATURAL 26:34.961 --> 26:39.366 WORLD, BUT ALSO TO BE ABLE TO UTILIZE THE TECHNICAL WORLD AND 26:39.366 --> 26:41.334 THEN ALSO FEEL COMFORTABLE AROUND PEOPLE. 26:41.334 --> 26:44.170 A LOT OF FOLKS GET TO BE BIOLOGISTS BECAUSE THEY THINK 26:44.170 --> 26:46.539 THEY WANT TO BE IN THE WOODS WITH ANIMALS AND NATURE. 26:46.539 --> 26:49.376 THAT'S PART OF THE JOB, BUT ANOTHER BIG PART IS WORKING WITH 26:49.376 --> 26:49.976 PEOPLE. 26:49.976 --> 26:53.913 WHETHER THEY'RE FOREST USERS, OR TIMBER COMPANIES, OR WHATEVER. 26:53.913 --> 26:57.450 THERE'S ALWAYS A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF HUMAN INTERFACE THAT HAS TO 26:57.450 --> 26:57.650 OCCUR. 26:57.650 --> 27:01.287 SO AGAIN, YOU CAN'T IGNORE THE PEOPLE ASPECT OF THE JOB TOO, 27:01.287 --> 27:04.391 AND A LOT OF FOLKS SOMETIMES FORGET THAT, IT'S NOT JUST ABOUT 27:04.391 --> 27:06.860 THE ANIMAL, IT'S ABOUT THE PEOPLE AS WELL. 27:06.860 --> 27:09.396 >> I'M SORRY, BUT WE'VE RUN OUT OF TIME. 27:09.396 --> 27:11.865 MY THANKS TO YOU BOTH, APPRECIATE YOU JOINING US TODAY. 27:11.865 --> 27:12.966 >> IT'S ALWAYS GOOD TO BE HERE. 27:12.966 --> 27:15.702 >> YOU CAN LEARN LOTS MORE ABOUT BEARS AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC 27:15.702 --> 27:16.970 TOPICS ON THE "D4K" WEBSITE. 27:16.970 --> 27:19.873 WE'LL ANSWER MORE QUESTIONS ABOUT BEARS ON THE "D4K" 27:19.873 --> 27:20.473 WEB-ONLY SHOW. 27:20.473 --> 27:23.977 IF YOU WANT TO SUMMIT A QUESTION FOR "D4K," IT'S EASY. 27:23.977 --> 27:27.414 YOU AND YOUR CLASS CAN WIN PRIZES. 27:27.414 --> 27:30.717 SEND IT AS AN EMAIL OR VIDEO QERKS RECORD IT ON YOUR WEBCAM 27:30.717 --> 27:31.418 OR CELL PHONE. 27:31.418 --> 27:34.154 IF YOU'RE AN EDUCATOR WE'LL LEND ACAMERA. 27:34.154 --> 27:38.491 LAST MONTH'S PRIZE WINNER WAS WILL FROM MR. KUNZ'S CLASS AT 27:38.491 --> 27:40.060 RIVERSIDE ELEMENTARY IN BOISE. 27:40.060 --> 27:43.630 TO FIND OUT ALL ABOUT BEARS, HOW TO ?END QUESTION AND HOW TO WIN, 27:43.630 --> 27:46.900 GO TO THE "D4K" WEBSITE, AND EACH WEEK CHECK OUT MY SCIENCE 27:46.900 --> 27:49.235 BLOG FOR THE LATEST SCIENCE NEWS FOR KIDS. 27:49.235 --> 27:52.005 YOU'LL FIND IT ALL AT IDAHOPTV.ORG/D4K. 27:52.005 --> 27:53.006 THANKS FOR JOINING US. 27:53.006 --> 27:54.641 WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME ON "D4K" -- 27:54.641 --> 27:58.111 THE PLACE FOR SCIENCE. 28:05.652 --> 28:09.456 Captioning Performed By LNS Captioning www.LNScaptioning.com 28:19.299 --> 28:22.602 >> PRESENTATION OF "D4K" ON IDAHO PUBLIC TELEVISION IS MADE 28:22.602 --> 28:26.239 POSSIBLE THROUGH THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF THE LAURA MOORE 28:26.239 --> 28:26.973 CUNNINGHAM FOUNDATION. 28:26.973 --> 28:30.076 COMMITTED TO FULFILLING THE MOORE FAMILY LEGACY OF BUILDING 28:30.076 --> 28:36.316 THE GREAT STATE OF IDAHO. 28:36.316 --> 28:39.152 >> IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS TOPIC OR WATCH OUR 28:39.152 --> 28:40.987 VIDEOS, CHECK OUT THE "D4K"