1 00:00:18,718 --> 00:00:20,353 >> BEARS PLAY A KEY ROLE IN THEIR ECOSYSTEM, SO BEARS ARE 2 00:00:20,353 --> 00:00:20,653 IMPORTANT. 3 00:00:20,653 --> 00:00:22,288 DO YOU HAVE A QUESTION ABOUT BEARS? 4 00:00:22,288 --> 00:00:23,757 WE'RE STANDING BY WITH ANSWERS. 5 00:00:23,757 --> 00:00:24,758 STAY TUNED. 6 00:00:24,758 --> 00:00:28,628 "D4K" IS NEXT. 7 00:00:40,006 --> 00:00:41,207 >> HI, I'M JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN. 8 00:00:41,207 --> 00:00:43,209 WELCOME TO "D4K," THE PLACE FOR SCIENCE. 9 00:00:43,209 --> 00:00:45,545 >>> BEFORE WE GO TO YOUR QUESTIONS, LET'S LEARN A LITTLE 10 00:00:45,545 --> 00:00:51,918 BIT MORE ABOUT BEARS. 11 00:00:51,918 --> 00:00:53,687 BEARS ARE OMNIVORES. 12 00:00:53,687 --> 00:00:56,589 THAT MEANS THEY EAT BOTH EXPLANTS ANIMALS. 13 00:00:56,589 --> 00:00:59,426 SINCE THEY DON'T EAT DURING HIBERNATION, BLACK BEARS ARE 14 00:00:59,426 --> 00:01:02,696 VERY THIN AND HUNGRY WHEN THEY COME OUT OF THEIR DENS IN THE 15 00:01:02,696 --> 00:01:07,000 SPRING. 16 00:01:07,000 --> 00:01:11,104 THEY IMMEDIATELY BEGIN FEEDING ON GRASS, WILD ONIONS, AND OTHER 17 00:01:11,104 --> 00:01:12,172 GREEN PLANTS. 18 00:01:12,172 --> 00:01:15,909 BEARS MUST EAT CONSTANTLY DURING THE SPRING, SUMMER, AND FALL, IN 19 00:01:15,909 --> 00:01:18,345 ORDER TO SURVIVE DURING THE WINTER HIBERNATION. 20 00:01:18,345 --> 00:01:21,815 THEY HAVE SPECIAL ADAPTATIONS THAT ALLOW THEM TO UNCOVER A 21 00:01:21,815 --> 00:01:23,817 VARIETY OF FOODS. 22 00:01:23,817 --> 00:01:28,121 BEARS USE THEIR STRONG CLAWS TO RIP AT THE BARK OF TREES. 23 00:01:28,121 --> 00:01:30,190 UNDERNEATH, THEY FIND INSECTS TO EAT. 24 00:01:30,190 --> 00:01:33,293 OF COURSE BEARS LOVE HONEY, BUT THEY ALSO LIKE TO FEED ON THE 25 00:01:33,293 --> 00:01:37,364 BEES THAT PRODUCE THE HONEY. 26 00:01:37,364 --> 00:01:40,100 ANOTHER ADAPTATION IS THEIR ABILITY TO PLUCK BERRIES OR 27 00:01:40,100 --> 00:01:45,205 FLOWERS FROM A BUSH WITH THEIR PREHENCIBLE OR FLEXIBLE LIPS. 28 00:01:45,205 --> 00:01:49,676 A BEAR'S LIPS CAN BEND AND GRASP MUCH LIKE OUR FINGERS. 29 00:01:49,676 --> 00:01:54,214 IN IDAHO, BERRIES MAKE UP A RITT CALL PART OF A BEAR'S DIET IN 30 00:01:54,214 --> 00:01:55,482 LATE SUMMER AND FALL. 31 00:01:55,482 --> 00:02:00,620 BLACK BEARS CAN ALSO EAT MEAT, ESPECIALLY DECAYING ANIMALS, 32 00:02:00,620 --> 00:02:02,422 WHEN THEY CAN FIND THEM. 33 00:02:02,422 --> 00:02:04,958 HOW DO WE KNOW ALL THIS ABOUT BEARS? 34 00:02:04,958 --> 00:02:11,097 RESEARCH. 35 00:02:11,097 --> 00:02:12,365 >> THAT STINKS! 36 00:02:12,365 --> 00:02:15,335 >> STINK IS GOOD, THAT'S WHAT BRINGS THE BEARS IN. 37 00:02:15,335 --> 00:02:15,735 >> BEARS? 38 00:02:15,735 --> 00:02:16,536 >> THAT'S RIGHT. 39 00:02:16,536 --> 00:02:18,638 YOU'RE GOING TO HELP US SET A TRAP FOR ONE. 40 00:02:18,638 --> 00:02:20,874 >> WHY WOULD WE WANT TO CATCH A BEAR? 41 00:02:20,874 --> 00:02:22,375 >> LET ME GUESS -- RESEARCH. 42 00:02:22,375 --> 00:02:22,709 >> YEP. 43 00:02:22,709 --> 00:02:24,444 AND IT'S TIME TO GET TO WORK. 44 00:02:24,444 --> 00:02:29,282 GRAB A PAIR OF GLOVES AND LET'S GET A START ON THE SNARE. 45 00:02:29,282 --> 00:02:32,185 >> THIS RESEARCH PROJECT IS TRAPPING BEARS TO FIT THEM WITH 46 00:02:32,185 --> 00:02:33,453 RADIO COLLARS. 47 00:02:33,453 --> 00:02:37,557 THEN SCIENTISTS CAN TRACK WHERE THEY'RE CROSSING A NEW HIGHWAY 48 00:02:37,557 --> 00:02:38,925 BUILT IN IDAHO'S PANHANDLE. 49 00:02:38,925 --> 00:02:43,930 >> AS MORE PEOPLE MOVE INTO THE AREA, THEY CREATE MORE TRAFFIC. 50 00:02:43,930 --> 00:02:46,766 WHICH MEANS MORE INJURIES TO BOTH BEARS AND HUMANS. 51 00:02:46,766 --> 00:02:49,903 SO WE'RE TRYING TO FIND A BETTER WAY FOR THE BEAR TO CROSS THE 52 00:02:49,903 --> 00:02:50,203 ROAD. 53 00:02:50,203 --> 00:02:53,673 BUT FIRST WE NEED TO KNOW WHERE AND HOW OFTEN THEY CROSS. 54 00:02:53,673 --> 00:02:54,307 >> WHAT'S THE PLAN? 55 00:02:54,307 --> 00:02:56,476 ARE YOU GOING TO ASK IT WHEN YOU CATCH ONE? 56 00:02:56,476 --> 00:02:58,845 HOW ARE YOU GOING TO CATCH IT, ANYWAY? 57 00:02:58,845 --> 00:03:01,581 >> WHAT DID YOU THINK OF THAT SMELL? 58 00:03:01,581 --> 00:03:01,981 >> UNBEARABLE. 59 00:03:01,981 --> 00:03:03,616 >> THAT'S WHAT BRINGS IN THE BEARS. 60 00:03:03,616 --> 00:03:06,419 THEY CAN SMELL THIS STUFF FROM A MILE AWAY. 61 00:03:06,419 --> 00:03:09,622 AND THEY LOVE TO EAT THIS STINKING STUFF. 62 00:03:09,622 --> 00:03:11,057 >> EWW. 63 00:03:11,057 --> 00:03:13,893 >> AND THEY'LL COME DOWN OUR PATH TO GET TO THE GOODS, 64 00:03:13,893 --> 00:03:16,863 THEY'LL STEP ON OUR SNARE, AND BOOM, WE'VE GOT 'EM. 65 00:03:16,863 --> 00:03:19,899 >> AND THEN YOU'RE GOING TO ASK IT WHERE IT CROSSES THE ROAD. 66 00:03:19,899 --> 00:03:31,378 >> NO, WE'RE GOING TO USE A GPS, OR GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM. 67 00:03:31,378 --> 00:03:32,645 >> WHOA, LOOK AT THAT! 68 00:03:32,645 --> 00:03:34,547 >> THERE'S A BEAR IN OUR TRAP! 69 00:03:34,547 --> 00:03:37,817 >> LOOKS LIKE AN ADULT BLACK BEAR. 70 00:03:37,817 --> 00:03:38,284 >> WHOA! 71 00:03:38,284 --> 00:03:40,253 WHAT DO WE DO NOW? 72 00:03:40,253 --> 00:03:42,522 >> THIS IS A JAB STICK. 73 00:03:42,522 --> 00:03:45,658 THE DRUG IN THE SYRINGE WILL PUT THE BEAR TO SLEEP BEFORE WE WORK 74 00:03:45,658 --> 00:03:46,459 ON IT. 75 00:03:46,459 --> 00:03:59,773 >> THAT'S GOOD. 76 00:03:59,773 --> 00:04:00,607 >> WHAT'S THAT FOR? 77 00:04:00,607 --> 00:04:03,143 >> THIS IS A TOOTH EXTRACTOR. 78 00:04:03,143 --> 00:04:04,778 >> WHY WOULD YOU WANT A TOOTH FOR? 79 00:04:04,778 --> 00:04:07,514 >> SO WE CAN GET AN ESTIMATE OF THE BEAR'S AGE. 80 00:04:07,514 --> 00:04:10,784 INSIDE THE BEAR'S TOOTH ARE RINGS, JUST LIKE A TREE. 81 00:04:10,784 --> 00:04:12,485 >> I'M GLAD IT'S ASLEEP. 82 00:04:12,485 --> 00:04:16,589 >> ONCE THE BEAR IS OUT, THE BIOLOGISTS WILL ATTACH THIS GPS 83 00:04:16,589 --> 00:04:16,890 COLLAR. 84 00:04:16,890 --> 00:04:19,893 THAT WAY SCIENTISTS CAN FOLLOW THE BEAR'S MOVEMENTS. 85 00:04:19,893 --> 00:04:23,430 >> THE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT HAS BUILT SPECIAL TRAILS UNDER THE 86 00:04:23,430 --> 00:04:23,697 HIGHWAY. 87 00:04:23,697 --> 00:04:27,334 SO THAT BEARS AND OTHER WILDLIFE CAN MORE EASILY CROSS THE ROAD. 88 00:04:27,334 --> 00:04:30,704 SO BEARS WEARING THE GPS COLLAR ARE TRACKED LIKE SATELLITES IN 89 00:04:30,704 --> 00:04:33,707 THE SKY, AND WE CAN LEARN HOW OFTEN THEY'RE USING THESE 90 00:04:33,707 --> 00:04:34,908 SPECIAL TRAILS. 91 00:04:34,908 --> 00:04:38,378 >> WILL THIS HELP KEEP BEARS AND PEOPLE SAFER? 92 00:04:38,378 --> 00:04:39,179 >> WE HOPE SO. 93 00:04:39,179 --> 00:04:40,814 THAT'S WHY WE'RE DOING THIS RESEARCH PROJECT. 94 00:04:40,814 --> 00:04:44,184 MORE ASK MORE PEOPLE ARE MOVING INTO THIS AREA, AND AS MORE 95 00:04:44,184 --> 00:04:46,920 PEOPLE MOVE INTO WILDLIFE HABITAT, IT BECOMES MORE 96 00:04:46,920 --> 00:04:48,521 DIFFICULT FOR US TO MANAGE BOTH. 97 00:04:48,521 --> 00:04:57,364 I'VE GOT TO GET THIS COLLAR ON THIS BLACK BEAR. 98 00:04:57,364 --> 00:04:59,766 >> TIME FOR YOU TWO TO GET OUT OF HERE. 99 00:04:59,766 --> 00:05:01,868 >> IS THE BEAR GOING TO WAKE UP SOON? 100 00:05:01,868 --> 00:05:02,669 >> HE SURE IS. 101 00:05:02,669 --> 00:05:04,938 >> OH, NO, HERE WE GO AGAIN! 102 00:05:04,938 --> 00:05:08,141 >> JOINING ME NOW TO ANSWER YOUR QUESTIONS ABOUT BEARS ARE GREGG 103 00:05:08,141 --> 00:05:10,844 LOSINSKI, A REGIONAL CONSERVATION EDUCATOR WITH THE 104 00:05:10,844 --> 00:05:13,713 IDAHO DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME, AND EVIN ONEALE, ALSO A 105 00:05:13,713 --> 00:05:15,682 REGIONAL CONSERVATION EDUCATOR WITH THE IDAHO DEPARTMENT OF OF 106 00:05:15,682 --> 00:05:16,683 FISH AND GAME. 107 00:05:16,683 --> 00:05:18,251 GENTLEMEN, THANK YOU BOTH FOR BEING HERE. 108 00:05:18,251 --> 00:05:18,985 APPRECIATE IT. 109 00:05:18,985 --> 00:05:20,320 >> GLAD TO BE HERE. 110 00:05:20,320 --> 00:05:27,260 >> OK, LET'S GO TO YOUR QUESTIONS. 111 00:05:27,260 --> 00:05:33,066 >> HI, MY NAME IS ABBY. 112 00:05:33,066 --> 00:05:38,338 MY QUESTION IS, WHY DO BEARS [INAUDIBLE] 113 00:05:38,338 --> 00:05:41,808 >> BEARS HIBERNATE BECAUSE THEY HAVE TO. 114 00:05:41,808 --> 00:05:44,444 THE FOOD SOURCES THAT ARE NORMALLY AVAILABLE IN THE WINTER 115 00:05:44,444 --> 00:05:48,081 GENERALLY AREN'T THERE, SO RATHER THAN USE ENERGY THAT THEY 116 00:05:48,081 --> 00:05:51,251 HAVE REMAINING TO FIND SOMETHING, THEY BASICALLY SHUT 117 00:05:51,251 --> 00:05:51,551 DOWN. 118 00:05:51,551 --> 00:05:57,190 AND BEARS ARE NOT A TRUE HIBERNATOR. 119 00:05:57,190 --> 00:06:00,126 THEY DROP DOWN THEIR BODY TEMPERATURE AND METABOLISM BUT 120 00:06:00,126 --> 00:06:03,029 THEY CAN START UP IF THEY NEED TO. 121 00:06:03,029 --> 00:06:06,199 THAT'S DIFFERENT THAN GROUND SQUIRRELS WHO GO WAY, WAY DOWN 122 00:06:06,199 --> 00:06:07,967 AS FAR AS METABOLISM. 123 00:06:07,967 --> 00:06:10,403 IT'S A MATTER OF ENERGY CONSERVATION. 124 00:06:10,403 --> 00:06:12,972 IN PLACES WHERE THERE'S PLENTY OF FOOD SOURCES THAT ARE 125 00:06:12,972 --> 00:06:14,941 AVAILABLE, THEY WILL STAY OUT LONGER. 126 00:06:14,941 --> 00:06:18,511 BUT AGAIN, ONCE IT GETS TO THAT POINT ONLY THEY KNOW, THEY WILL 127 00:06:18,511 --> 00:06:23,249 BASICALLY SHUT DOWN AND GO ON STAND BY UNTIL SPRING. 128 00:06:23,249 --> 00:06:27,220 >> REED WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, HOW TALL CAN A GRIZZLY BEAR GET? 129 00:06:27,220 --> 00:06:31,424 >> WELL, A REALLY BIG GRIZZLY BEAR MIGHT BE ABOUT FIVE FEET 130 00:06:31,424 --> 00:06:32,625 TALL AT THE SHOULDER. 131 00:06:32,625 --> 00:06:34,160 WHEN IT'S ON ALL FOURS. 132 00:06:34,160 --> 00:06:37,731 WHEN IT STANDS UP, IT MIGHT BE AROUND NINE FEET TALL. 133 00:06:37,731 --> 00:06:41,001 BUT WHEN IT'S JUST WALKING AROUND ON ALL FOUR LEGS, WHICH 134 00:06:41,001 --> 00:06:44,004 BEARS SPEND MOST OF THEIR TIME DOING, IT MIGHT BE FIVE FEET AT 135 00:06:44,004 --> 00:06:47,440 THE SHOULDER, A REALLY BIG BEAR MIGHT BE SIX FEET AT THE 136 00:06:47,440 --> 00:06:47,741 SHOULDER. 137 00:06:47,741 --> 00:06:52,112 BUT THAT WOULD BE A REALLY, REALLY BIG GRIZZLY BEAR. 138 00:06:52,112 --> 00:06:56,816 >> HI, MY NAME IS RAINY AND I GO TO BASIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. 139 00:06:56,816 --> 00:07:01,221 MY QUESTION IS, HOW FAST CAN BEARS WALK? 140 00:07:01,221 --> 00:07:04,958 >> WELL, IT DEPENDS ON WHAT THEY'RE WALKING TO OR FROM. 141 00:07:04,958 --> 00:07:08,128 THEY CAN HAVE JUST A NORMAL PACE LIKE A HUMAN OF A FEW MILES AN 142 00:07:08,128 --> 00:07:11,765 HOUR, OR THEY CAN STEP UP THAT PACE AND MOVE MUCH QUICKER TO 143 00:07:11,765 --> 00:07:15,769 THE POINT THAT IN A SHORT BURST THEY CAN HIT 35 MILES AN HOUR. 144 00:07:15,769 --> 00:07:17,971 IT JUST DEPENDS ON WHAT THEY'RE TRYING TO DO. 145 00:07:17,971 --> 00:07:20,407 IF THEY'RE JUST LOOKING FOR FOOD THEY'RE GOING TO BE MOVING 146 00:07:20,407 --> 00:07:23,243 SLOWER, BUT IF THEY'RE TRYING TO GET SOMEWHERE OR GET AT 147 00:07:23,243 --> 00:07:24,778 SOMETHING, IT CAN BE VERY FAST. 148 00:07:24,778 --> 00:07:27,981 >> YOU HAVE SOME REALLY INTERESTING TRACKING SOFTWARE 149 00:07:27,981 --> 00:07:31,518 THAT FOLLOWED A BEAR JUST ONE SINGLE BEAR AROUND. 150 00:07:31,518 --> 00:07:33,420 TELL ME ABOUT THAT. 151 00:07:33,420 --> 00:07:37,057 >> THIS INFORMATION WAS PROVIDED FROM A GPS COLLAR THAT WE -- 152 00:07:37,057 --> 00:07:39,626 LIKE THIS THAT WAS PLACED ON THE BEARS. 153 00:07:39,626 --> 00:07:43,329 AND THESE BEARS WERE NOT PROBLEM BEARS, THESE WERE STUDY BEARS WE 154 00:07:43,329 --> 00:07:46,232 TRAPPED IN THE ISLAND PARK AREA OF IDAHO. 155 00:07:46,232 --> 00:07:49,536 AND THEY WERE TRAPPED AT THE END OF JUNE, BEGINNING OF JULY, AND 156 00:07:49,536 --> 00:07:53,540 THEY ACTUALLY SENT OUT A SIGNAL EVERY HOUR AND A HALF THAT HAD A 157 00:07:53,540 --> 00:07:55,175 GPS COORDINATE ATTACHED TO IT. 158 00:07:55,175 --> 00:07:58,745 SO WE COULD TRACK THEM ON THE INTERNET ON A MAP TO SEE WHERE 159 00:07:58,745 --> 00:08:01,481 THEY WERE GOING EVERY HOUR AND A HALF. 160 00:08:01,481 --> 00:08:04,384 THE INCREDIBLE THING, YOU CAN WATCH AS THE SUMMER PROGRESSES 161 00:08:04,384 --> 00:08:07,120 THE BEARS MOVING AROUND DIFFERENT PARTS OF ISLAND PARK 162 00:08:07,120 --> 00:08:10,857 LOOKING AT DIFFERENT FOOD SOURCES, WHETHER IT'S 163 00:08:10,857 --> 00:08:13,927 HUCKLEBERRIES, OR YOU NAME IT, AND AT CERTAIN TIMES THEY WANT 164 00:08:13,927 --> 00:08:17,964 TO GO SOMEWHERE ENTIRELY DIFFERENT, LIKE WAY BACK INTO 165 00:08:17,964 --> 00:08:21,401 YELLOWSTONE, AND IN A MATTER OF DAY OR SO THEY CAN GO FROM 166 00:08:21,401 --> 00:08:25,238 ISLAND PARK INTO THE HAYDEN VALLEY OF YELLOWSTONE, EAT SOME 167 00:08:25,238 --> 00:08:30,477 BUFFALO CARCASS, AND THEN THEY'LL MOVE BACK TO IDAHO 168 00:08:30,477 --> 00:08:30,777 AGAIN. 169 00:08:30,777 --> 00:08:33,413 AND AGAIN, IT'S INCREDIBLE THE DISTANCES THESE BEARS WILL COVER 170 00:08:33,413 --> 00:08:36,516 THAT WE COULD SEE USING THESE COLLARS, AND AT THE SAME TIME, 171 00:08:36,516 --> 00:08:38,418 NO ONE EVER REPORTED SEEING THESE BEARS. 172 00:08:38,418 --> 00:08:40,987 THESE BEARS WERE NOT TROUBLE BEARS, THEY WERE OUT THERE 173 00:08:40,987 --> 00:08:44,090 FINDING THE FOODS THEY NEEDED AND MOVING ACROSS THE LANDSCAPE, 174 00:08:44,090 --> 00:08:46,960 AND ONE THING WE CAN ALSO SEE WITH OTHER DATA ON OTHER BEARS 175 00:08:46,960 --> 00:08:49,529 IS THAT THESE BEARS ARE OVERLAPPING ALL THE TIME. 176 00:08:49,529 --> 00:08:54,601 A LOT OF TIMES PEOPLE THINK ANIMALS HAVE A TERRITORY, AND 177 00:08:54,601 --> 00:08:57,637 THEY'RE THE ONLY ANIMAL IN THE AREA, BUT FOR BEARS IT DOESN'T 178 00:08:57,637 --> 00:08:58,371 WORK THAT WAY. 179 00:08:58,371 --> 00:09:01,574 AS LONG AS THERE'S FOOD THEY WILL SHARE THE TERRITORY AND 180 00:09:01,574 --> 00:09:02,676 MOVE AROUND A LITTLE BIT. 181 00:09:02,676 --> 00:09:05,945 IT'S NEAT TO SEE HOW MUCH GROUND THEY CAN COVER WHEN THEY KNOW 182 00:09:05,945 --> 00:09:08,014 THERE'S SOMETHING GOOD TO EAT AT THE OTHER END. 183 00:09:08,014 --> 00:09:11,317 >> JASMINE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHAT'S THE MOST COMMON BEAR IN 184 00:09:11,317 --> 00:09:13,019 IDAHO? 185 00:09:13,019 --> 00:09:17,223 >> EASILY THE BLACK BEAR IS OUR MOST COMMON BEAR. 186 00:09:17,223 --> 00:09:20,660 OF COURSE A NATIVE JUST LIKE THE BROWN BEAR OR GRIZZLY BEAR, BUT 187 00:09:20,660 --> 00:09:25,665 IT DIDN'T HAVE THE SAME MAYBE NEGATIVE CONNOTATIONS WITH EARLY 188 00:09:25,665 --> 00:09:25,965 SETTLERS. 189 00:09:25,965 --> 00:09:29,035 SO THERE WASN'T A CONCERTED EFFORT TO GET RID OF IT. 190 00:09:29,035 --> 00:09:32,405 WE ONCE UPON A TIME HAD MANY GRIZZLY BEARS IN IDAHO, BUT 191 00:09:32,405 --> 00:09:36,509 AGAIN, THERE WAS AN EFFORT MADE TO REMOVE THEM, WHEREAS BLACK 192 00:09:36,509 --> 00:09:40,213 BEARS WERE FOR THE MOST PART TOLERATED, HUNTED, BUT TODAY WE 193 00:09:40,213 --> 00:09:43,083 PROBABLY HAVE 20,000 BLACK BEARS IN IDAHO. 194 00:09:43,083 --> 00:09:49,222 >> HI, MY NAME IS VINNY, I GO TO BASIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. 195 00:09:49,222 --> 00:09:52,892 AND MY QUESTION IS, HOW LONG DO BEARS LIVE? 196 00:09:52,892 --> 00:09:55,795 >> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 197 00:09:55,795 --> 00:09:59,899 BLACK BEARS IN THE WILD, GENERALLY LIVE AROUND 25 YEARS. 198 00:09:59,899 --> 00:10:03,737 A LITTLE LONGER IF THEY HAVE -- IF THEY LIVE IN A ZOO 199 00:10:03,737 --> 00:10:04,104 ENVIRONMENT. 200 00:10:04,104 --> 00:10:05,438 GRIZZLY BEARS, A LITTLE LESS. 201 00:10:05,438 --> 00:10:08,341 THEY LIVE AROUND 20 YEARS IN THE WILD. 202 00:10:08,341 --> 00:10:10,710 IF THEY GET TO THAT RIPE OLD AGE. 203 00:10:10,710 --> 00:10:13,246 AND AGAIN, IF THEY'RE IN A ZOO ENVIRONMENT, THEY CAN LIVE 204 00:10:13,246 --> 00:10:15,382 LONGER THAN THAT. 205 00:10:15,382 --> 00:10:27,527 >> HI, MY NAME IS RAQUEL, AND I MY QUESTION IS, [INAUDIBLE] 206 00:10:27,527 --> 00:10:32,766 >> LIKE ALL ANIMALS, WHEN WINTER IS COMING BEARS WILL PUT ON 207 00:10:32,766 --> 00:10:36,469 WEIGHT, BUT THEIR FUR ACTUALLY DOESN'T REALLY BULK UP AS MUCH 208 00:10:36,469 --> 00:10:38,838 AS OTHER ANIMALS THAT SPEND THE WINTER OUT. 209 00:10:38,838 --> 00:10:41,908 SO WHEN YOU SEE A BEAR IN THE SPRING, HE'S GOING TO HAVE A 210 00:10:41,908 --> 00:10:45,011 PRETTY SHAGGY COAT, BUT NOT LIKE A BIG WINTER COAT. 211 00:10:45,011 --> 00:10:50,950 ONE THING BEARS CAN DO IS THEY WILL SLOUGH THE PADS OFF THEIR 212 00:10:50,950 --> 00:10:51,217 PAWS. 213 00:10:51,217 --> 00:10:54,487 IN THE SAME WAY WE CAN LOSE SKIN, WELL, WHEN THEY HIBERNATE, 214 00:10:54,487 --> 00:10:58,892 A LOT OF TIMES PEOPLE WILL SEE, ESPECIALLY BLACK BEARS, THEY'LL 215 00:10:58,892 --> 00:11:03,063 SEE THEM LICKING THEIR PAWS AND THINKING THAT'S HOW THEY -- 216 00:11:03,063 --> 00:11:07,100 THEY USED TO THINK THAT'S HOW THEY SURVIVED, BY EATING ITS PAW 217 00:11:07,100 --> 00:11:07,367 PADS. 218 00:11:07,367 --> 00:11:10,437 BUT IT'S JUST THAT OLD, DEAD SKIN FALLING OFF. 219 00:11:10,437 --> 00:11:14,808 SO THEY DO ACTUALLY SLOUGH THEIR PAW PADS SOMEWHAT IN THE SPRING 220 00:11:14,808 --> 00:11:20,280 ISAAC WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY ARE FEMALE BEARS CALLED SOWS? 221 00:11:20,280 --> 00:11:24,184 >> WELL, BEARS ARE ACTUALLY RELATED TO PIGS. 222 00:11:24,184 --> 00:11:30,090 AND SO MALE BEARS ARE CALLED BOARS, JUST LIKE MALE PIGS ARE 223 00:11:30,090 --> 00:11:36,029 CALLED BOARS, AND FEMALE PIGS ARE CALLED SOWS, JUST LIKE 224 00:11:36,029 --> 00:11:36,996 FEMALE PIGS. 225 00:11:36,996 --> 00:11:40,266 THAT'S THE SHORT AND EASY GLANS REBECCA WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY 226 00:11:40,266 --> 00:11:44,738 DO BEARS LEAVE PEOPLE ALONE WHEN THEY'RE HIKING IN THE WOODS? 227 00:11:44,738 --> 00:11:47,374 >> REBECCA, BEARS ARE EVEN THOUGH THEY'RE POWERFUL ANIMALS, 228 00:11:47,374 --> 00:11:50,744 THEY UNDERSTAND THAT HUMANS CAN BE TROUBLE. 229 00:11:50,744 --> 00:11:54,748 AND SO WHEN THEY KNOW A PERSON IS AROUND, THEY WILL TRY TO GET 230 00:11:54,748 --> 00:11:55,849 AWAY FROM THAT AREA. 231 00:11:55,849 --> 00:11:59,252 THE PROBLEM WE HAVE WITH BEARS AND PEOPLE IS WHEN PEOPLE 232 00:11:59,252 --> 00:12:01,888 SURPRISE BEARS, OR BEARS AREN'T AWARE THE PEOPLE ARE IN THE 233 00:12:01,888 --> 00:12:05,258 AREA, AND THEN ALL OF A SUDDEN IT'S A CLOSE ENCOUNTER. 234 00:12:05,258 --> 00:12:07,527 GENERALLY BEARS DON'T WANT TROUBLE, AND THEY KNOW PEOPLE 235 00:12:07,527 --> 00:12:10,697 COULD MEAN TROUBLE SO THEY GIVE US PLENTY OF ROOM WHEN THEY CAN. 236 00:12:10,697 --> 00:12:13,533 THAT'S WHY IT'S IMPORTANT WHEN YOU'RE IN THE WOODS TO MAKE 237 00:12:13,533 --> 00:12:16,336 PLENTY OF NOISE, SO THE BEARS KNOW YOU'RE THERE, AND THEY WILL 238 00:12:16,336 --> 00:12:17,170 GENERALLY MOVE ON. 239 00:12:17,170 --> 00:12:20,907 IT'S VERY RARE THAT BEARS EITHER BLACK BEARS OR GRIZZLY BEARS 240 00:12:20,907 --> 00:12:21,708 BECOME PREDATORY. 241 00:12:21,708 --> 00:12:24,978 IT CAN HAPPEN OCCASIONALLY, BUT FOR THE MOST PART THEY WANT TO 242 00:12:24,978 --> 00:12:27,180 STAY AWAY FROM US. 243 00:12:27,180 --> 00:12:30,550 >> WHAT HAPPENS WHEN FISH AND GAME HAS TO CATCH A BEAR? 244 00:12:30,550 --> 00:12:32,185 >> IT DEPENDS ON THE SITUATION. 245 00:12:32,185 --> 00:12:35,922 IF IT'S JUST A YOUNG BEAR THAT'S WANDERED INTO TOWN BECAUSE IT'S 246 00:12:35,922 --> 00:12:38,925 LOOKING FOR SOMETHING TO EAT, DOESN'T KNOW WHAT'S GOING ON, 247 00:12:38,925 --> 00:12:42,028 DOESN'T REALIZE THIS ISN'T THE BEST PLACE FOR IT TO BE, WE WILL 248 00:12:42,028 --> 00:12:46,299 TRAP THAT ANIMAL AND RELOCATE IT TO A DIFFERENT LOCATION. 249 00:12:46,299 --> 00:12:50,203 IF IT'S A BEAR THAT'S BEEN IN TROUBLE IN THE PAST, AND IT'S ON 250 00:12:50,203 --> 00:12:52,906 MAYBE ITS THIRD STRIKE, UNFORTUNATELY THERE ARE TIMES 251 00:12:52,906 --> 00:12:56,943 WHEN WE HAVE TO TAKE THAT ANIMAL AND ACTUALLY PUT IT DOWN. 252 00:12:56,943 --> 00:13:01,481 BECAUSE IT BECOMES TOO MUCH OF A RISK FOR HUMAN SAFETY TO HAVE A 253 00:13:01,481 --> 00:13:04,684 BEAR THAT CONTINUALLY COMES IN AND IS IN CLOSE PROXIMITY WITH 254 00:13:04,684 --> 00:13:05,352 THE PEOPLE. 255 00:13:05,352 --> 00:13:10,090 THAT'S A SITUATION THAT WE AS AN AGENCY, WE JUST CAN'T TOLERATE 256 00:13:10,090 --> 00:13:12,892 BECAUSE OF THE THREAT TO PEOPLE. 257 00:13:12,892 --> 00:13:19,632 >> HI I GO TO BASIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, IN IDAHO CITY. 258 00:13:19,632 --> 00:13:25,905 MY QUESTION IS, HOW MUCH DO BEARS EAT EACH DAY? 259 00:13:25,905 --> 00:13:27,540 >> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 260 00:13:27,540 --> 00:13:30,276 REALLY, IT DEPENDS ON WHAT'S AVAILABLE. 261 00:13:30,276 --> 00:13:34,280 A BEAR IS FOR THE MOST PART JUST CONSUMED WITH CONSUMING. 262 00:13:34,280 --> 00:13:37,384 GENERALLY IF THERE'S SOMETHING THAT IS EDIBLE, HE OR SHE IS 263 00:13:37,384 --> 00:13:42,022 GOING TO EAT IT, AND AS MUCH OF IT AS HE CAN, AND KEEP EATING IT 264 00:13:42,022 --> 00:13:42,922 UNTIL IT'S GONE. 265 00:13:42,922 --> 00:13:44,090 BEARS AREN'T PICKY. 266 00:13:44,090 --> 00:13:46,726 THEY EAT LOTS OF DIFFERENT THINGS, SO IF THEY HAVE JUST A 267 00:13:46,726 --> 00:13:49,896 LITTLE BIT THEY'LL EAT THAT, BUT IF THEY HAVE A CHANCE TO EAT A 268 00:13:49,896 --> 00:13:52,298 WHOLE CARCASS OF AN ANIMAL, THEY'LL DO SO. 269 00:13:52,298 --> 00:13:54,034 THE ANSWER IS, WHATEVER IS AVAILABLE. 270 00:13:54,034 --> 00:13:57,137 THEY'LL JUST KEEP EATING AND YOU MAY FIND A BEAR TAKING A NAP, 271 00:13:57,137 --> 00:14:00,306 LIKE WE DO ON THANKSGIVING WHEN WE EAT TOO MUCH, BUT THERE'S 272 00:14:00,306 --> 00:14:04,244 MORE LEFT TO EAT, AND SO THAT CAN ALSO SOMETIMES BE A PROBLEM, 273 00:14:04,244 --> 00:14:06,713 BECAUSE YOU'RE WALKING THROUGH THE WOODS AND YOU SURPRISE A 274 00:14:06,713 --> 00:14:11,685 BEAR THAT'S TAKING A NAP IN BETWEEN ITS MEALS. 275 00:14:11,685 --> 00:14:14,721 >> JUNIOR WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY ARE SOME BEARS MORE 276 00:14:14,721 --> 00:14:16,222 AGGRESSIVE THAN OTHERS? 277 00:14:16,222 --> 00:14:20,160 >> WELL, JUNIOR, THE REASON IS THAT BLACK BEARS AND GRIZZLY 278 00:14:20,160 --> 00:14:23,630 BEARS KIND OF -- THEY CAME ABOUT IN DIFFERENT 279 00:14:23,630 --> 00:14:24,064 LOCATIONS. 280 00:14:24,064 --> 00:14:28,501 GRIZZLY BEARS ARE MORE OF AN OPEN PLAINS TYPE ANIMAL. 281 00:14:28,501 --> 00:14:31,638 THEY'RE NOT REALLY A FOREST DWELLING ANIMAL, THOUGH THEY DO 282 00:14:31,638 --> 00:14:32,439 LIVE IN THE FORESTS. 283 00:14:32,439 --> 00:14:36,109 BUT THEY HAVE A DIFFERENT ATTITUDE ABOUT LIFE. 284 00:14:36,109 --> 00:14:39,279 THEIR BEST DEFENSE IS GENERALLY A GOOD OFFENSE. 285 00:14:39,279 --> 00:14:43,817 SO THEY TEND TO BE MORE AGGRESSIVE TOWARD HUMANS, ANDER AND 286 00:14:43,817 --> 00:14:47,087 OTHER ANIMALS, FOR THAT MATTER, THAN BLACK BEARS. 287 00:14:47,087 --> 00:14:49,756 BLACK BEARS SPEND MOST OF THEIR TIME IN THE FOREST AND THE 288 00:14:49,756 --> 00:14:52,826 FOREST IS A GREAT PLACE TO RETREAT TO. 289 00:14:52,826 --> 00:14:56,363 SO BLACK BEARS TEND TO BE LESS AGGRESSIVE THAN GRIZZLY BEARS, 290 00:14:56,363 --> 00:15:00,967 AND THEIR BEST OFFENSE, OR THEIR BEST DEFENSE IS GOOD DEFENSE. 291 00:15:00,967 --> 00:15:04,871 IF THEY FEEL THREATENED, THEY'LL RUN IN THE WOODS, CLIMB A TREE. 292 00:15:04,871 --> 00:15:07,073 GRIZZLY BEARS DON'T HAVE THAT OPTION PER SE. 293 00:15:07,073 --> 00:15:10,210 THEY AREN'T REAL GREAT CLIMBERS, AND SO THEY WOULD -- 294 00:15:10,210 --> 00:15:14,481 THEY TEND TO BE MORE AGGRESSIVE THAN THEIR BLACK BEAR 295 00:15:14,481 --> 00:15:18,251 COUNTERPARTS, BECAUSE OF THE AREAS WHERE THEY KIND OF GREW 296 00:15:18,251 --> 00:15:18,485 UP. 297 00:15:18,485 --> 00:15:21,254 IF YOU THINK ABOUT GRIZZLY BEARS, THEY'RE FOUND IN 298 00:15:21,254 --> 00:15:24,991 YELLOWSTONE, BUT THAT'S NOT GREAT GRIZZLY BEAR HABITAT. 299 00:15:24,991 --> 00:15:28,061 THEY'D RATHER BE IN AREAS THAT WE SPEND OUR TIME IN, BUT WE'RE 300 00:15:28,061 --> 00:15:30,530 NOT VERY TOLERANT OF HAVING GRIZZLY BEARS THERE. 301 00:15:30,530 --> 00:15:33,233 BUT IN THE OLD DAYS, THAT'S WHERE THEY LIVED, OUT IN THE 302 00:15:33,233 --> 00:15:36,736 OPEN COUNTRY, AND IF THEY GOT THREATENED, THEY WOULD OFTEN 303 00:15:36,736 --> 00:15:38,171 TIMES CHARGE. 304 00:15:38,171 --> 00:15:42,609 AND THEY STILL HAVE THOSE INHERENT BEHAVIORS STILL IN 305 00:15:42,609 --> 00:15:43,176 THEIR BRAINS. 306 00:15:43,176 --> 00:15:48,882 SO THEY WILL STILL DO THAT FROM TIME TO TIME. 307 00:15:48,882 --> 00:15:52,018 >> DID YOU KNOW THAT BEARS HAVE A SUPER SENSE OF SMELL? 308 00:15:52,018 --> 00:15:54,921 THEY CAN PICK UP SCENTS MUCH BETTER THAN HUMANS CAN. 309 00:15:54,921 --> 00:15:59,459 BEARS CAN ALSO SEE AND HEAR REALLY WELL, AND OUTRUN MOST 310 00:15:59,459 --> 00:16:04,964 PEOPLE. 311 00:16:04,964 --> 00:16:08,234 >> HI, MY NAME IS LIBBY. 312 00:16:08,234 --> 00:16:11,705 MY QUESTION IS, HOW DO BEARS CLIMB TREES? 313 00:16:11,705 --> 00:16:12,839 >> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 314 00:16:12,839 --> 00:16:14,240 IT DEPENDS ON THE SPECIES. 315 00:16:14,240 --> 00:16:17,577 HERE IN IDAHO WE HAVE THE BLACK BEAR AND WE ALSO HAVE THE 316 00:16:17,577 --> 00:16:20,580 GRIZZLY BEAR, AND WHEN YOU LOOK AT THEIR CLAWS, THEY'RE VERY, 317 00:16:20,580 --> 00:16:21,147 VERY DIFFERENT. 318 00:16:21,147 --> 00:16:25,051 WHEN YOU LOOK AT A BLACK BEAR, THEY DEVELOPED IN AN AREA WHERE 319 00:16:25,051 --> 00:16:28,588 THE TREES WERE IMPORTANT FOR GETTING AWAY FROM MAYBE OTHER 320 00:16:28,588 --> 00:16:30,423 PREDATORS OR SEEK FOOD. 321 00:16:30,423 --> 00:16:33,626 SO THEIR CLAWS ARE SHORT AND SHARP AND WELL ADAPTED TO 322 00:16:33,626 --> 00:16:33,960 CLIMBING. 323 00:16:33,960 --> 00:16:36,996 WHEN YOU LOOK AT A GRIZZLY BEAR'S CLAWS, THEY'RE VERY LONG, 324 00:16:36,996 --> 00:16:43,603 THEY ALMOST LOOK LOOK TINNES ON A RAKE. 325 00:16:43,603 --> 00:16:45,905 THEY CAN CLIMB, BUT IT TURNS MORE INTO A FUNCTION OF THE SIZE 326 00:16:45,905 --> 00:16:49,275 OF THE BEAR AND THE SIZE OF THE TREE, SO WHEREAS BLACK BEARS ARE 327 00:16:49,275 --> 00:16:52,345 PRETTY UNIVERSALLY GOOD CLIMBERS, GRIZZLY BEARS HAVE 328 00:16:52,345 --> 00:16:55,548 THEIR LIMIT, BUT THEY DO CLIMB MORE THAN PEOPLE REALIZE. 329 00:16:55,548 --> 00:17:02,555 >> MY NAME IS RACELYN, I GO TO RIVERSIDE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL. 330 00:17:02,555 --> 00:17:12,232 MY QUESTION IS, HOW IS A BEAR'S NUTRITION DIFFERENT FROM A 331 00:17:12,232 --> 00:17:13,833 HUMAN'S NUTRITION? 332 00:17:13,833 --> 00:17:15,869 >> WELL, TO BE HONEST, IT'S REALLY NOT. 333 00:17:15,869 --> 00:17:20,206 BEARS NEED A LOT OF THE SAME THINGS THAT YOU AND I EAT. 334 00:17:20,206 --> 00:17:22,142 AND YOU AND I EAT A LOT OF DIFFERENT THINGS. 335 00:17:22,142 --> 00:17:24,077 BEARS EAT A LOT OF DIFFERENT THINGS. 336 00:17:24,077 --> 00:17:27,247 THEY LIKE BERRIES, THEY LIKE MEAT, THEY EAT THEIR VEGETABLES 337 00:17:27,247 --> 00:17:29,249 JUST LIKE WE'RE SUPPOSED TO DO. 338 00:17:29,249 --> 00:17:32,686 SO REALLY, WE HAVE A LOT IN COMMON WITH THEM WHEN IT COMES 339 00:17:32,686 --> 00:17:35,889 TO THE TYPES OF FOODS WE CONSUME. 340 00:17:35,889 --> 00:17:42,328 >> MY NAME IS LEVI, I GO TO BASIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN IDAHO 341 00:17:42,328 --> 00:17:44,631 CITY. 342 00:17:44,631 --> 00:17:50,170 MY QUESTION IS, HOW BIG IS A POLAR BEAR? 343 00:17:50,170 --> 00:17:52,105 >> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 344 00:17:52,105 --> 00:17:56,176 THE POLAR BEAR, BECAUSE OF WHERE IT LIVES, NEEDS TO BE LARGE, 345 00:17:56,176 --> 00:17:58,111 NEEDS THE BODY MASS TO KEEP IT GOING. 346 00:17:58,111 --> 00:18:01,581 SO IT CAN WEIGH UPWARDS OF 1500 POUNDS, WHICH MANY PEOPLE 347 00:18:01,581 --> 00:18:05,752 CONSIDER THE POLAR BEAR TO BE THE LARGEST LAND CARNIVORE 348 00:18:05,752 --> 00:18:07,921 MAMMAL OUT THERE. 349 00:18:07,921 --> 00:18:10,657 >> ABBY WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, WHY DO BEARS COME IN DIFFERENT 350 00:18:10,657 --> 00:18:12,058 COLORS? 351 00:18:12,058 --> 00:18:15,061 >> WELL, ABBY, BEARS COME IN DIFFERENT COLORS FOR THE SAME 352 00:18:15,061 --> 00:18:17,063 REASONS THAT WE HAVE DIFFERENT HAIR COLOR. 353 00:18:17,063 --> 00:18:17,964 OR DIFFERENT EYE COLOR. 354 00:18:17,964 --> 00:18:20,500 IT'S ALL RELATED TO AGAIN ETICKS. 355 00:18:20,500 --> 00:18:24,838 AND OUT HERE IN THE -- GENETICS. 356 00:18:24,838 --> 00:18:27,607 BLACK BEARS COME IN A VARIETY OF DIFFERENT COLORS, THEY JUST HAVE 357 00:18:27,607 --> 00:18:30,477 A DIFFERENT GENE SYSTEM THAT ALLOWS THEM TO COME IN DIFFERENT 358 00:18:30,477 --> 00:18:30,710 COLORS. 359 00:18:30,710 --> 00:18:34,614 BUT IF YOU GO BACK EAST, ALMOST ALL THE BLACK BEARS BACK EAST ON 360 00:18:34,614 --> 00:18:37,050 THE EAST COAST, THEY'RE ALMOST ALL BLACK. 361 00:18:37,050 --> 00:18:41,588 EVERY NOW AND THEN YOU'LL HAVE A VARIETY, A DIFFERENT COLOR 362 00:18:41,588 --> 00:18:45,425 VARIETY ON A BEAR BACK EAST, BUT FOR THE MOST PART THEY'RE ALMOST 363 00:18:45,425 --> 00:18:46,092 ALWAYS BLACK. 364 00:18:46,092 --> 00:18:50,363 OUT HERE WE'VE GOT A WIDE RANGE OF COLORS AND IT'S ALL RELATED 365 00:18:50,363 --> 00:18:52,432 TO GENETICS. 366 00:18:52,432 --> 00:18:56,236 BLONDE HAIR, BLUE EYES, BROWN EYES, IT DEPENDS ON THE 367 00:18:56,236 --> 00:19:00,473 COMBINATION OF CHROMASOMES THAT COME TOGETHER TO MAKE THE BEAR. 368 00:19:00,473 --> 00:19:10,950 >> MY NAME IS DANIEL, AND MY QUESTION IS, WHAT DO BEARS EAT? 369 00:19:10,950 --> 00:19:15,855 >> IN AREAS LIKE AROUND IDAHO, BEARS WILL EAT JUST ABOUT 370 00:19:15,855 --> 00:19:17,557 ANYTHING. 371 00:19:17,557 --> 00:19:20,660 THEY EAT CARRION, THAT IS DEAD ANIMALS, IN THE SPRINGTIME WHEN 372 00:19:20,660 --> 00:19:24,464 THEY FIRST COME OUT OF THE DEN, AND THEN THEY'LL START EATING 373 00:19:24,464 --> 00:19:24,698 GRASSES. 374 00:19:24,698 --> 00:19:28,768 WHEN THE GREEN-UP STARTS, THE SNOW STARTS MELTING AND THE SUN 375 00:19:28,768 --> 00:19:32,872 COMES OUT AND THE GRASS STARTS GROWING, BEARS WILL KEY IN ON 376 00:19:32,872 --> 00:19:35,975 THOSE AREAS AND START FEEDING ON THAT NEW GREEN GRASS. 377 00:19:35,975 --> 00:19:39,512 I'VE SEEN BEARS WALKING THROUGH A MEADOW CLIPPING OFF THE 378 00:19:39,512 --> 00:19:41,848 DANDELION HEADS AS THEY WALK. 379 00:19:41,848 --> 00:19:46,086 IT'S NOT VERY OFTEN YOU THINK ABOUT A GRIZZLY BEAR EATING 380 00:19:46,086 --> 00:19:48,621 DANDELION FLOWERS, BUT THEY DO THAT. 381 00:19:48,621 --> 00:19:51,624 THEN IN THE LATE SPRING AND SUMMER, THEY'LL EAT ANYTHING 382 00:19:51,624 --> 00:19:54,361 THAT THEY CAN FIND THAT'S EDIBLE. 383 00:19:54,361 --> 00:19:57,063 AND THEN GOING INTO THE FALL THEY START -- 384 00:19:57,063 --> 00:20:00,700 THEY RETOOL AGAIN, THEY START EATING BUFFALO BERRIES, AND 385 00:20:00,700 --> 00:20:02,969 HUCKLEBERRIES, AND DIFFERENT THINGS THAT WILL GIVE THEM LOTS 386 00:20:02,969 --> 00:20:06,706 OF ENERGY THAT THEY CAN PUT ON AS FAT TO GET THEM THROUGH THE 387 00:20:06,706 --> 00:20:07,640 WINTER TIME. 388 00:20:07,640 --> 00:20:10,710 SO WE CLASSIFY BEARS AS GENERALISTS. 389 00:20:10,710 --> 00:20:13,179 THAT IS, THAT THEY EAT A LOT MUCH DIFFERENT THINGS. 390 00:20:13,179 --> 00:20:18,184 THEY'VE GOT ONE OF THE MOST VARIED DIET OF ANY ANIMAL OUT 391 00:20:18,184 --> 00:20:18,551 THERE. 392 00:20:18,551 --> 00:20:21,921 AND IT'S BECAUSE THEY -- BECAUSE THEY HAVE SUCH HIGH 393 00:20:21,921 --> 00:20:24,924 ENERGY NEEDS, THEY HAVE TO BE ABLE TO EAT JUST ABOUT ANYTHING, 394 00:20:24,924 --> 00:20:27,994 BECAUSE YOU JUST NEVER KNOW WHEN YOUR NEXT MEAL IS GOING TO COME 395 00:20:27,994 --> 00:20:30,296 ALONG IF YOU'RE A BEAR. 396 00:20:30,296 --> 00:20:32,832 >> I UNDERSTAND YOU'RE DOING WORK IN SLOVAKIA ABOUT WHAT 397 00:20:32,832 --> 00:20:35,535 BEARS EAT WHEN IT COMES TO EATING IN TRASH CANS. 398 00:20:35,535 --> 00:20:35,835 >> RIGHT. 399 00:20:35,835 --> 00:20:38,304 A LOT OF FOLKS DON'T REALIZE OVER IN EUROPE THEY HAVE THE 400 00:20:38,304 --> 00:20:43,109 SAME BEAR WE HAVE, WE CALL IT THE GRIZZLY BEAR, IT'S CALLED 401 00:20:43,109 --> 00:20:44,377 THE BROWN BEAR THERE. 402 00:20:44,377 --> 00:20:47,480 THEIR BEARS ARE FAIRLY CLOSE TO PEOPLE AND GETTING INTO LOTS OF 403 00:20:47,480 --> 00:20:48,481 TROUBLE WITH DUMPSTERS. 404 00:20:48,481 --> 00:20:50,850 WE'VE BEEN WORKING WITH THE FOLKS THERE TO TRY TO FIGURE OUT 405 00:20:50,850 --> 00:20:55,121 A WAY TO TAKE THE DUMPSTERS THAT THEY HAVE AND MAKE THEM SO BEARS 406 00:20:55,121 --> 00:20:56,322 CAN'T GET INTO THEM. 407 00:20:56,322 --> 00:20:59,426 AND AS PART OF THAT PROJECT WE'VE ACTUALLYAD THEM SHIP A 408 00:20:59,426 --> 00:21:03,063 DUMPSTER OVER FROM SLOVAKIA TO AMERICA AND WE'VE TAKEN IT UP TO 409 00:21:03,063 --> 00:21:06,332 THE GRIZZLY WOLF DISCOVERY CENTER IN WEST YELLOWSTONE, AND 410 00:21:06,332 --> 00:21:08,535 THOSE FOLKS HAVE TESTED IT ON THE BEARS THERE. 411 00:21:08,535 --> 00:21:11,004 AND IT FAILED, WHICH WE KNEW IT WOULD. 412 00:21:11,004 --> 00:21:14,607 SO NOW WE HAVE THAT CONTAINER UP IN CANADA, A COMPANY UP THERE IS 413 00:21:14,607 --> 00:21:17,911 WORKING TO MAKE MODIFICATIONS, AND WE'RE GOING TO TEST IT AGAIN 414 00:21:17,911 --> 00:21:22,515 AND HOPEFULLY HAVE IT PASS SO THAT WE CAN TAKE THOSE PARTS 415 00:21:22,515 --> 00:21:27,987 THAT MADE IT WORK AND ACTUALLY MASS PRODUCE THOSE FOR ANY 416 00:21:27,987 --> 00:21:30,623 COUNTRY THAT'S IN THE MOUNTAINS WHERE THERE ARE BROWN BEARS. 417 00:21:30,623 --> 00:21:33,293 IT'S KIND OF AN INTERNATIONAL PROJECT TO HELP BEARS AND PEOPLE 418 00:21:33,293 --> 00:21:34,094 GET ALONG. 419 00:21:34,094 --> 00:21:36,296 >> WHY DON'T YOU WANT BEARS GETTING INTO TRASH? 420 00:21:36,296 --> 00:21:40,934 >> THE PROBLEM IS, BEARS, AGAIN, ARE GENERALISTS, THEY'LL EAT 421 00:21:40,934 --> 00:21:44,004 JUST ABOUT ANYTHING AND IF IT'S TOO HARD TO FIND NATURAL FOODS, 422 00:21:44,004 --> 00:21:47,774 YET THERE'S WHAT WE CALL HUMAN RELATED FOODS THAT ARE 423 00:21:47,774 --> 00:21:50,744 AVAILABLE, PARTICULARLY GARBAGE, BEARS WILL KEY IN ON THAT. 424 00:21:50,744 --> 00:21:53,380 AND THE PROBLEM IS THE GARBAGE IS CLOSE TO PEOPLE, SO NOW 425 00:21:53,380 --> 00:21:56,316 YOU'VE GOT THESE BEARS COMING IN BY PEOPLE, AND IF THEY CAN'T GET 426 00:21:56,316 --> 00:21:59,252 THE TRASH, THEY'LL GO AFTER OTHER THINGS, AND GENERALLY NOT 427 00:21:59,252 --> 00:22:02,222 SO MUCH PEOPLE, BUT IT'S JUST VERY DISCONCERTING TO HAVE 428 00:22:02,222 --> 00:22:05,525 GRIZZLY BEARS IN THE BACK YARD, AND SO AGAIN, WE'RE TRYING TO 429 00:22:05,525 --> 00:22:09,896 WORK TO HELP EDUCATE THE BEARS TO NOT COME TO PEOPLE FOR FOOD. 430 00:22:09,896 --> 00:22:14,000 AND ONE WAY TO DO IT IS TO MAKE IT AS EASY AS POSSIBLE FOR 431 00:22:14,000 --> 00:22:16,970 PEOPLE TO KEEP BEARS AND IN THIS CASE GARBAGE SEPARATE. 432 00:22:16,970 --> 00:22:19,639 WHAT THAT MEANS IS COMING UP WITH A WAY TO HAVE A DUMPSTER 433 00:22:19,639 --> 00:22:22,909 THAT NOT ONLY KEEPS BEARS OUT, BUT ALLOWS PEOPLE TO USE IT 434 00:22:22,909 --> 00:22:26,279 EASILY TO THROW GARBAGE AWAY, AND ALSO HAS A MECHANISM THAT'S 435 00:22:26,279 --> 00:22:28,281 EASY FOR THE TRASH HAULERS TO USE. 436 00:22:28,281 --> 00:22:31,718 BECAUSE IF IT'S TOO HARD FOR THEM TO DUMP IT, THEY WON'T DO 437 00:22:31,718 --> 00:22:32,085 THAT. 438 00:22:32,085 --> 00:22:33,920 SO THEY'LL LEAVE GARBAGE PILING UP. 439 00:22:33,920 --> 00:22:35,655 SO IT DEFEATS THE WHOLE PROCESS. 440 00:22:35,655 --> 00:22:38,458 LOTS OF DIFFERENT THINGS ARE INVOLVED IN MAKING IT SO THAT 441 00:22:38,458 --> 00:22:41,628 BEARS AND PEOPLE CAN LIVE TOGETHER, BUT IF WE AS HUMANS 442 00:22:41,628 --> 00:22:44,197 FIGURE OUT WHAT WE NEED TO DO, BEARS ARE MORE THAN WILLING TO 443 00:22:44,197 --> 00:22:50,470 GO 8 LONG WITH US. 444 00:22:50,470 --> 00:22:55,542 >> MY QUESTION IS HOW DO 'BAR BEARS SWIM IN THE ARCTIC. 445 00:22:55,542 --> 00:22:57,210 >> THEY HAVE GIGANTIC PAWS. 446 00:22:57,210 --> 00:22:59,713 AND THEY'RE VERY STRONG, GOOD SWIMMERS. 447 00:22:59,713 --> 00:23:05,418 THEY'VE BEEN FOUND OUT TO SEA, MILES AND MILES FROM ANY LAND OR 448 00:23:05,418 --> 00:23:08,588 ICE THAT THEY MIGHT HAVE OTHERWISE BEEN ABLE TO CLIMB OUT 449 00:23:08,588 --> 00:23:08,855 ON. 450 00:23:08,855 --> 00:23:11,257 SO THEY'RE VERY COMFORTABLE IN THE WATER, THEY SPEND A FAIR 451 00:23:11,257 --> 00:23:13,626 AMOUNT OF TIME IN THE WATER MOVING BACK AND FORTH BETWEEN 452 00:23:13,626 --> 00:23:17,263 LAND AND ICE FLOE AND BETWEEN ICE FLOES AND OTHER ICE FLOES. 453 00:23:17,263 --> 00:23:21,434 SO THEY'VE GOT GIGANTIC PAWS THAT HELP THEM JUST LIKE PADDLES 454 00:23:21,434 --> 00:23:25,071 ON A CANOE, FOR INSTANCE, TO HELP THEM GET THROUGH THE WATER. 455 00:23:25,071 --> 00:23:27,440 AND THEY'RE VERY COMFORTABLE SWIMMING, SO THEY'RE GREAT, 456 00:23:27,440 --> 00:23:28,742 GREAT SWIMMERS. 457 00:23:28,742 --> 00:23:31,911 >> KAYLIE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW, DO CUBS HIBERNATE WITH THEIR 458 00:23:31,911 --> 00:23:33,980 MOTHERS? 459 00:23:33,980 --> 00:23:35,348 >> YES, THE CUBS DO. 460 00:23:35,348 --> 00:23:38,385 THEY'RE BORN IN THE DEN WITH MOM. 461 00:23:38,385 --> 00:23:42,288 AND THEN THE FOLLOWING YEAR MOM DIGS A NEW DEN, AND THE CUBS GO 462 00:23:42,288 --> 00:23:44,724 IN AND SPEND THE WINTER WITH HER AGAIN. 463 00:23:44,724 --> 00:23:47,761 AND IF IT HAPPENS TO BE A GRIZZLY BEAR, THE NEXT YEAR MOM 464 00:23:47,761 --> 00:23:51,931 WILL DIG ANOTHER DEN AND THOSE BIGGER CUBS WILL GO INTO THE DEN 465 00:23:51,931 --> 00:23:53,667 AND SLEEP WITH HER AGAIN. 466 00:23:53,667 --> 00:23:57,470 SO MOM HAS TO KEEP DIGGING A LARGER AND LARGER DEN EVERY YEAR 467 00:23:57,470 --> 00:24:00,040 BECAUSE THE CUBS CONTINUE TO GET LARGER AND LARGER. 468 00:24:00,040 --> 00:24:03,343 >> SO WHAT DO YOU BOTH SUGGEST SOMEONE DO IF THEY'RE INTERESTED 469 00:24:03,343 --> 00:24:04,411 IN STUDYING ABOUT BEARS? 470 00:24:04,411 --> 00:24:08,248 WHAT KIND OF CLASSES SHOULD THEY TAKE IN SCHOOL? 471 00:24:08,248 --> 00:24:11,317 >> WELL, THE FIRST THING IS, YOU GOT TO GET REALLY GOOD GRADES IN 472 00:24:11,317 --> 00:24:12,218 HIGH SCHOOL. 473 00:24:12,218 --> 00:24:15,622 STUDY HARD, AND DO YOUR BEST WORK. 474 00:24:15,622 --> 00:24:18,892 AND THEN ONCE THAT -- ONCE YOUR HIGH SCHOOL CAREER 475 00:24:18,892 --> 00:24:24,597 ENDS, YOU NEED TO BE ENROLLING IN A SCHOOL THAT HAS A REALLY 476 00:24:24,597 --> 00:24:28,501 STRONG ZOOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, BIOLOGY BACKGROUND, MAYBE A 477 00:24:28,501 --> 00:24:29,102 WILDLIFE PROGRAM. 478 00:24:29,102 --> 00:24:32,172 AND THEN FROM THERE, YOU PROBABLY ARE GOING TO HAVE TO GO 479 00:24:32,172 --> 00:24:34,741 TO GRADUATE SCHOOL AND GET A GRADUATE DEGREE. 480 00:24:34,741 --> 00:24:37,377 THAT'S WHERE YOU CAN REALLY FOCUS ON MAYBE GETTING INVOLVED 481 00:24:37,377 --> 00:24:44,351 IN A BEAR PROJECT SOMEWHERE, AND USING THAT STUDY, THAT PROJECT 482 00:24:44,351 --> 00:24:47,921 AS YOUR MASTERS THESIS FOR YOUR DEGREE THERE. 483 00:24:47,921 --> 00:24:52,025 AND THEN AFTER THAT'S DONE, WITH ANY LUCK YOU HAVE THE 484 00:24:52,025 --> 00:24:57,564 OPPORTUNITY THEN TO MAYBE LAND A JOB WITH AN AGENCY THAT STUDIES 485 00:24:57,564 --> 00:24:57,831 BEARS. 486 00:24:57,831 --> 00:24:59,966 AND BECOMES MAYBE A BEAR BIOLOGIST. 487 00:24:59,966 --> 00:25:02,769 >> AND WHY DO YOU LIKE STUDYING BEARS? 488 00:25:02,769 --> 00:25:05,705 >> I THINK THE REASON I LIKE STUDYING BEARS IS BECAUSE WE 489 00:25:05,705 --> 00:25:07,674 CALL THEM AN UMBRELLA SPECIES. 490 00:25:07,674 --> 00:25:10,944 IF YOU CAN HAVE BEARS IN AN AREA, GENERALLY THAT MEANS YOU 491 00:25:10,944 --> 00:25:13,680 CAN HAVE OTHER SPECIES THERE AS WELL. 492 00:25:13,680 --> 00:25:16,416 SO WHERE IT'S SOMETIMES HARD TO CHECK ON THE LITTLER SPECIES, 493 00:25:16,416 --> 00:25:20,086 BEARS ARE FAIRLY OBVIOUS, SO WE CAN WORK TO TAKE CARE OF THE 494 00:25:20,086 --> 00:25:23,056 BEARS, THAT MEANS EVERYTHING ELSE SHOULD BE DOING WELL, AND 495 00:25:23,056 --> 00:25:26,493 SO WE AS HUMANS DEFINITELY HAVE AN IMPACT ON THINGS LIKE BEARS, 496 00:25:26,493 --> 00:25:29,529 SO THAT'S THE NEAT THING TO ME, IS THE CHALLENGE TO WORKING WITH 497 00:25:29,529 --> 00:25:31,865 NOT JUST THE BEARS BUT THE HUMANS AND BEARS TOGETHER. 498 00:25:31,865 --> 00:25:35,535 IF WE CAN MAKE IT ALL WORK, IT CAN WORK OUT FOR THE ANALYSIS 499 00:25:35,535 --> 00:25:37,704 ITEM AS WELL AS PEOPLE. 500 00:25:37,704 --> 00:25:40,440 >> YOU SHOULDN'T BE INTIMIDATING BY THE SCHOOLING. 501 00:25:40,440 --> 00:25:42,976 IF YOU WANT TO STUDY BEARS -- >> NO. 502 00:25:42,976 --> 00:25:46,279 I MEAN, IT REALLY DOESN'T MATTER WHAT YOU WANT TO STUDY, WHETHER 503 00:25:46,279 --> 00:25:50,283 IT'S BEARS OR SOME KIND OF SONGBIRD, OR WHATEVER IT MIGHT 504 00:25:50,283 --> 00:25:50,550 BE. 505 00:25:50,550 --> 00:25:53,453 YOU'VE GOT TO PUT YOUR TIME IN IF YOU'RE GOING TO MAKE A CAREER 506 00:25:53,453 --> 00:25:54,721 OF IT. 507 00:25:54,721 --> 00:25:58,391 LOTS OF FOLKS DO IT AS A HOBBY, GO OUT AND BIRD WATCH OR STUDY 508 00:25:58,391 --> 00:26:02,228 ANIMALS OR WHATEVER, BUT IF YOU ARE SERIOUS ABOUT ACTUALLY 509 00:26:02,228 --> 00:26:05,832 WORKING FOR AN AGENCY, THEN, YEAH, YOU SHOULD PLAN ON GOING 510 00:26:05,832 --> 00:26:09,703 TO A FOUR-YEAR SCHOOL, AND AFTER THAT PROBABLY GRADUATE SCHOOL 511 00:26:09,703 --> 00:26:11,671 TO -- AND IN SOME CASES MAYBE HAVE TO 512 00:26:11,671 --> 00:26:14,307 GO BACK AND GET A PH.D. TO DO CERTAIN -- 513 00:26:14,307 --> 00:26:16,976 TO HAVE CERTAIN POSITIONS WITH DIFFERENT AGENCY. 514 00:26:16,976 --> 00:26:21,147 >> THE OTHER THING THAT'S IMPORTANT IS, WE NEED TO KNOW 515 00:26:21,147 --> 00:26:23,350 OUR NATURAL SCIENCES, IT'S IMPORTANT TO LEARN ABOUT 516 00:26:23,350 --> 00:26:23,683 COMPUTERS. 517 00:26:23,683 --> 00:26:27,987 NOT JUST COMPUTER GAMES, BUT ALSO JUST HOW YOU USE COMPUTERS 518 00:26:27,987 --> 00:26:31,791 TO DO ALL KINDS OF RESEARCH AND DATA COLLECTION, AND AGAIN, SO 519 00:26:31,791 --> 00:26:34,961 IT'S IMPORTANT TO HAVE A STRONG DESIRE TO WORK IN THE NATURAL 520 00:26:34,961 --> 00:26:39,366 WORLD, BUT ALSO TO BE ABLE TO UTILIZE THE TECHNICAL WORLD AND 521 00:26:39,366 --> 00:26:41,334 THEN ALSO FEEL COMFORTABLE AROUND PEOPLE. 522 00:26:41,334 --> 00:26:44,170 A LOT OF FOLKS GET TO BE BIOLOGISTS BECAUSE THEY THINK 523 00:26:44,170 --> 00:26:46,539 THEY WANT TO BE IN THE WOODS WITH ANIMALS AND NATURE. 524 00:26:46,539 --> 00:26:49,376 THAT'S PART OF THE JOB, BUT ANOTHER BIG PART IS WORKING WITH 525 00:26:49,376 --> 00:26:49,976 PEOPLE. 526 00:26:49,976 --> 00:26:53,913 WHETHER THEY'RE FOREST USERS, OR TIMBER COMPANIES, OR WHATEVER. 527 00:26:53,913 --> 00:26:57,450 THERE'S ALWAYS A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF HUMAN INTERFACE THAT HAS TO 528 00:26:57,450 --> 00:26:57,650 OCCUR. 529 00:26:57,650 --> 00:27:01,287 SO AGAIN, YOU CAN'T IGNORE THE PEOPLE ASPECT OF THE JOB TOO, 530 00:27:01,287 --> 00:27:04,391 AND A LOT OF FOLKS SOMETIMES FORGET THAT, IT'S NOT JUST ABOUT 531 00:27:04,391 --> 00:27:06,860 THE ANIMAL, IT'S ABOUT THE PEOPLE AS WELL. 532 00:27:06,860 --> 00:27:09,396 >> I'M SORRY, BUT WE'VE RUN OUT OF TIME. 533 00:27:09,396 --> 00:27:11,865 MY THANKS TO YOU BOTH, APPRECIATE YOU JOINING US TODAY. 534 00:27:11,865 --> 00:27:12,966 >> IT'S ALWAYS GOOD TO BE HERE. 535 00:27:12,966 --> 00:27:15,702 >> YOU CAN LEARN LOTS MORE ABOUT BEARS AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC 536 00:27:15,702 --> 00:27:16,970 TOPICS ON THE "D4K" WEBSITE. 537 00:27:16,970 --> 00:27:19,873 WE'LL ANSWER MORE QUESTIONS ABOUT BEARS ON THE "D4K" 538 00:27:19,873 --> 00:27:20,473 WEB-ONLY SHOW. 539 00:27:20,473 --> 00:27:23,977 IF YOU WANT TO SUMMIT A QUESTION FOR "D4K," IT'S EASY. 540 00:27:23,977 --> 00:27:27,414 YOU AND YOUR CLASS CAN WIN PRIZES. 541 00:27:27,414 --> 00:27:30,717 SEND IT AS AN EMAIL OR VIDEO QERKS RECORD IT ON YOUR WEBCAM 542 00:27:30,717 --> 00:27:31,418 OR CELL PHONE. 543 00:27:31,418 --> 00:27:34,154 IF YOU'RE AN EDUCATOR WE'LL LEND ACAMERA. 544 00:27:34,154 --> 00:27:38,491 LAST MONTH'S PRIZE WINNER WAS WILL FROM MR. KUNZ'S CLASS AT 545 00:27:38,491 --> 00:27:40,060 RIVERSIDE ELEMENTARY IN BOISE. 546 00:27:40,060 --> 00:27:43,630 TO FIND OUT ALL ABOUT BEARS, HOW TO ?END QUESTION AND HOW TO WIN, 547 00:27:43,630 --> 00:27:46,900 GO TO THE "D4K" WEBSITE, AND EACH WEEK CHECK OUT MY SCIENCE 548 00:27:46,900 --> 00:27:49,235 BLOG FOR THE LATEST SCIENCE NEWS FOR KIDS. 549 00:27:49,235 --> 00:27:52,005 YOU'LL FIND IT ALL AT IDAHOPTV.ORG/D4K. 550 00:27:52,005 --> 00:27:53,006 THANKS FOR JOINING US. 551 00:27:53,006 --> 00:27:54,641 WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME ON "D4K" -- 552 00:27:54,641 --> 00:27:58,111 THE PLACE FOR SCIENCE. 553 00:28:05,652 --> 00:28:09,456 Captioning Performed By LNS Captioning www.LNScaptioning.com 554 00:28:19,299 --> 00:28:22,602 >> PRESENTATION OF "D4K" ON IDAHO PUBLIC TELEVISION IS MADE 555 00:28:22,602 --> 00:28:26,239 POSSIBLE THROUGH THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF THE LAURA MOORE 556 00:28:26,239 --> 00:28:26,973 CUNNINGHAM FOUNDATION. 557 00:28:26,973 --> 00:28:30,076 COMMITTED TO FULFILLING THE MOORE FAMILY LEGACY OF BUILDING 558 00:28:30,076 --> 00:28:36,316 THE GREAT STATE OF IDAHO. 559 00:28:36,316 --> 00:28:39,152 >> IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS TOPIC OR WATCH OUR 560 00:28:39,152 --> 00:28:40,987 VIDEOS, CHECK OUT THE "D4K"