WEBVTT 00:01.266 --> 00:06.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% (MUSIC) 00:06.333 --> 00:07.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT ONE: WELL, IT'S 00:07.533 --> 00:10.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% BEEN A FUN WEEKEND, TIME TO GO. 00:10.066 --> 00:11.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT TWO: HEY, DON'T WE HAVE 00:11.734 --> 00:12.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO PUT OUT THE FIRE? 00:12.700 --> 00:13.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT ONE: NAH. 00:13.700 --> 00:15.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT'LL GO OUT BY ITSELF. 00:15.100 --> 00:16.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN, HOST: HI! 00:16.333 --> 00:17.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT ONE AND TWO: JOAN? 00:17.734 --> 00:19.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% CARTAN-HANSEN: YOU KNOW, YOU 00:19.000 --> 00:20.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% SHOULD NEVER LEAVE A CAMPFIRE 00:20.333 --> 00:21.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% UNATTENDED. 00:21.266 --> 00:22.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT COULD LEAD TO A WILDFIRE. 00:22.533 --> 00:23.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT ONE: A WILDFIRE? 00:23.700 --> 00:25.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% CARTAN-HANSEN: A WILDFIRE IS A 00:25.000 --> 00:26.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% DESTRUCTIVE FIRE THAT SPREADS 00:26.333 --> 00:27.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% THROUGH A FOREST OR BRUSH. 00:27.900 --> 00:29.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO UNDERSTAND WILDFIRES, YOU 00:29.433 --> 00:30.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRST NEED TO KNOW WHAT'S CALLED 00:30.500 --> 00:32.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE "FIRE TRIANGLE" STUDENT TWO: 00:32.700 --> 00:34.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% A TRIANGLE? 00:34.433 --> 00:36.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% WHAT DO YOU MEAN? 00:36.333 --> 00:37.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% CARTAN-HANSEN: FOR A FIRE TO 00:37.533 --> 00:39.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% BURN, IT NEEDS THREE THINGS: 00:39.000 --> 00:41.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% OXYGEN, FUEL AND HEAT. 00:41.800 --> 00:43.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRST- AIR THAT'S ABOUT 16 00:43.100 --> 00:45.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% PERCENT OXYGEN AND THE AIR IN 00:45.000 --> 00:46.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% OUR ATMOSPHERE IS ABOUT 21 00:46.867 --> 00:48.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% PERCENT OXYGEN, SO, FIRE CAN 00:48.266 --> 00:50.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% BURN AS LONG AS IT'S EXPOSED TO 00:50.233 --> 00:51.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% AIR. 00:51.333 --> 00:53.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% NEXT IS FUEL AND FUEL IS 00:53.333 --> 00:55.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% ANYTHING THAT WILL BURN: WOOD, 00:55.066 --> 00:56.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% NEEDLES, LEAVES, GRASS, SHRUBS. 00:56.266 --> 00:59.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND FINALLY, FOR A FIRE TO 00:59.000 --> 01:00.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% START, THERE NEEDS TO BE A 01:00.600 --> 01:01.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOURCE OF HEAT. 01:01.900 --> 01:03.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT COULD BE LIGHTENING, OR IF 01:03.333 --> 01:05.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% A HOT CAR PART COMES IN CONTACT 01:05.000 --> 01:06.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% WITH DRY GRASS, OR A TOSSED 01:06.433 --> 01:07.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% CIGARETTE. 01:07.633 --> 01:08.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN: OR AN 01:08.734 --> 01:09.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% UNATTENDED FIRE. 01:09.900 --> 01:12.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% (STUDENTS LOOK GUILTY) 01:12.266 --> 01:13.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% CARTAN-HANSEN: ONCE A FIRE GETS 01:13.867 --> 01:15.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% GOING, WITH A SUPPLY OF OXYGEN 01:15.867 --> 01:17.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND FUEL, IT'LL MAKE ALL THE 01:17.066 --> 01:19.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% HEAT IT NEEDS TO KEEP GOING. 01:19.367 --> 01:20.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND IF THERE IS A LOT OF FUEL, 01:20.900 --> 01:22.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE FIRE WILL GET HOTTER AND 01:22.367 --> 01:24.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% SPREAD FASTER. 01:24.066 --> 01:25.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% WILDFIRES IN THE UNITED STATES 01:25.333 --> 01:26.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% BURN MORE THAN FIVE MILLION 01:26.734 --> 01:28.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% ACRES EACH YEAR. 01:28.367 --> 01:30.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND THE KEY TO STOPPING A FIRE 01:30.066 --> 01:32.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% IS BREAKING THE FIRE TRIANGLE. 01:32.734 --> 01:34.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT TWO: WHAT DO YOU MEAN? 01:34.533 --> 01:35.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% CARTAN-HANSEN: WELL, IF A 01:35.900 --> 01:37.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% TRIANGLE LOSES ONE OF ITS SIDES 01:37.433 --> 01:38.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT CAN'T STAND. 01:38.867 --> 01:40.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% A FIRE CAN'T KEEP GOING IF IT 01:40.533 --> 01:42.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% LOSES ONE OF THOSE THREE THINGS 01:42.333 --> 01:45.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% IN THE FIRE TRIANGLE. 01:45.633 --> 01:47.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% CREWS SOMETIMES DIG A FIRE BREAK 01:47.166 --> 01:48.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% OR A FIRE LINE, WHICH IS A STRIP 01:48.967 --> 01:50.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% OF LAND CLEARED OF ALL THE BRUSH 01:50.533 --> 01:52.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND TREES, SO THERE'S NO FUEL 01:52.166 --> 01:53.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% LEFT. 01:53.000 --> 01:54.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% A FIRE MOVES INTO THE BREAK AND 01:54.700 --> 01:55.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% GOES OUT. 01:55.800 --> 01:57.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% OTHER CREWS SET A BACK FIRE, 01:57.800 --> 01:59.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% THAT IS BURN A SECTION OF LAND 01:59.166 --> 02:00.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% AHEAD OF THE BLAZE SO THERE IS 02:00.900 --> 02:02.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% NO FUEL LEFT WHEN THE MAIN FIRE 02:02.700 --> 02:05.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% REACHES THAT SPOT. 02:05.166 --> 02:06.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRE FIGHTERS HAVE ANOTHER WAY 02:06.867 --> 02:08.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO BREAK A FIRE TRIANGLE AND PUT 02:08.633 --> 02:10.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% OUT A BLAZE. 02:10.433 --> 02:13.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY CAN ELIMINATE THE OXYGEN. 02:13.166 --> 02:14.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRE FIGHTERS USE WATER TO 02:14.700 --> 02:16.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% SMOTHER THE BLAZE OR IF THE FIRE 02:16.600 --> 02:18.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% IS REALLY BIG, THEY USE PLANES 02:18.166 --> 02:20.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND HELICOPTERS TO DROP A PINK 02:20.000 --> 02:21.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRE-RETARDANT CHEMICAL. 02:21.500 --> 02:23.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE WATER AND THE FIRE-RETARDANT 02:23.266 --> 02:25.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% COOLS THE FUEL AND ELIMINATES 02:25.500 --> 02:27.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE OXYGEN AND THAT BREAKS THE 02:27.533 --> 02:29.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRE TRIANGLE AND HELPS PUT THE 02:29.867 --> 02:31.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% BLAZE. 02:31.333 --> 02:32.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT ONE: WELL WHY DON'T THEY 02:32.800 --> 02:35.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% PUT OUT EVERY FIRE EVERY TIME? 02:35.100 --> 02:36.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% CARTAN-HANSEN: WELL, FIRE ISN'T 02:36.433 --> 02:37.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% ALWAYS BAD. 02:37.967 --> 02:39.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRE IS ACTUALLY PART OF 02:39.166 --> 02:40.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% NATURE'S CYCLE. 02:40.700 --> 02:42.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME TREES NEED FIRE TO HELP 02:42.266 --> 02:43.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% OPEN UP THEIR CONES SO THE SEEDS 02:43.633 --> 02:45.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% CAN GET OUT. 02:45.233 --> 02:46.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRES CAN ALSO HELP CLEAR AWAY 02:46.734 --> 02:48.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% FALLEN BRANCHES AND EXCESSIVE 02:48.433 --> 02:49.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% UNDERGROWTH. 02:49.633 --> 02:51.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% BUT FOR MANY YEARS, WE PUT OUT 02:51.333 --> 02:52.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% EVERY FIRE AND THAT LEAD TO 02:52.900 --> 02:55.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% FUELS BUILDING UP IN SOME AREAS. 02:55.333 --> 02:56.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% DISEASE ALSO KILLED LOTS OF 02:56.633 --> 02:58.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% TREES IN THE WEST. 02:58.233 --> 02:59.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% SO NOW, WHEN A FIRE DOES GETS 02:59.633 --> 03:01.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% GOING, IT BURNS HOTTER AND 03:01.166 --> 03:03.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% FASTER, CAUSING LOTS MORE DAMAGE 03:03.700 --> 03:05.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND MAKES IT HARD FOR BURNED 03:05.166 --> 03:07.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% AREAS TO RECOVER. 03:07.000 --> 03:08.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT TWO: SO, WHAT CAN THEY 03:08.100 --> 03:09.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% DO? 03:09.433 --> 03:10.734 position:10% line:85% size:80% CARTAN-HANSEN: LAND MANAGERS ARE 03:10.734 --> 03:11.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% TRYING LOTS OF THINGS. 03:11.967 --> 03:13.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOMETIMES, THEY SET WHAT'S 03:13.266 --> 03:14.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% CALLED A PRESCRIBED BURN. 03:14.900 --> 03:16.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% THESE ARE SMALLER, CONTROLLED 03:16.166 --> 03:17.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRES THAT REDUCE THE AMOUNT OF 03:17.367 --> 03:18.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% DOWNED TIMBER AND REDUCE THE 03:18.800 --> 03:21.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% CHANCE OF LARGE SCALE FIRES. 03:21.433 --> 03:22.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY ALSO TRY TO GO IN AND THIN 03:22.800 --> 03:24.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% OUT EXCESSIVE TIMBER AND DEAD 03:24.066 --> 03:25.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% TREES. 03:25.700 --> 03:27.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND AFTER FIRES, THEY GO IN AND 03:27.166 --> 03:29.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% TRY TO REHABILITATE THE AREA BY 03:29.000 --> 03:30.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% STABILIZING THE SOIL WITH SEEDS 03:30.367 --> 03:32.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND CONTOURING THE LAND. 03:32.967 --> 03:34.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% THEY HOPE TO PREVENT MUDSLIDES 03:34.633 --> 03:36.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND HELP THE LAND GET BACK TO 03:36.166 --> 03:37.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% NORMAL. 03:37.633 --> 03:39.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT ONE: SO, DO SCIENTISTS 03:39.166 --> 03:40.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIGHT FIRES? 03:40.600 --> 03:41.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% CARTAN-HANSEN: YOU BET. 03:41.867 --> 03:43.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOME SCIENTIST USE SATELLITES 03:43.266 --> 03:44.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND COMPUTERS TO HELP MONITOR 03:44.700 --> 03:45.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% FIRES. 03:45.800 --> 03:47.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% METEOROLOGISTS TRACK WEATHER TO 03:47.433 --> 03:48.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% HELP DETERMINE WIND DIRECTION 03:48.800 --> 03:50.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND WHEN LIGHTENING MIGHT BE A 03:50.066 --> 03:50.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% PROBLEM. 03:50.967 --> 03:52.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND SOIL SCIENTISTS AND 03:52.066 --> 03:53.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% BIOLOGISTS TRACK THE HEALTH OF 03:53.333 --> 03:54.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% FORESTS AND THE SOIL. 03:54.500 --> 03:55.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% IT TAKES A LOT OF PEOPLE AND A 03:55.967 --> 03:59.100 position:10% line:85% size:80% LOT OF MONEY TO FIGHT WILDFIRES. 03:59.100 --> 04:00.600 position:10% line:85% size:80% JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN: SO, THE BEST 04:00.600 --> 04:01.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% THING TO DO IS PREVENT WILDFIRES 04:01.867 --> 04:02.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% FROM STARTING IN THE FIRST 04:02.967 --> 04:03.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% PLACE. 04:03.700 --> 04:04.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT ONE: GOOD IDEA. 04:04.800 --> 04:05.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% LET'S MAKE SURE THIS FIRE IS OUT 04:05.900 --> 04:07.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% BEFORE WE GO. 04:07.066 --> 04:08.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% STUDENT TWO: ALRIGHT! 04:08.333 --> 04:09.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% CARTAN-HANSEN: AND IF YOU WANT 04:09.533 --> 04:10.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% TO LEARN MORE ABOUT WILDFIRES 04:10.800 --> 04:12.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC TOPICS, 04:12.066 --> 04:13.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% CHECK OUT THE SCIENCE TREK 04:13.333 --> 04:14.233 position:10% line:85% size:80% WEBSITE. 04:14.233 --> 04:15.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU'LL FIND IT AT 04:15.166 --> 04:17.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% IDAHOPTV.ORG/SCIENCETREK 04:18.100 --> 04:39.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% (MUSIC) 04:40.266 --> 04:41.433 position:10% line:85% size:80% NARRATOR: PRESENTATION OF 04:41.433 --> 04:43.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% SCIENCE TREK ON IDAHO PUBLIC 04:43.066 --> 04:44.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% TELEVISION IS MADE POSSIBLE 04:44.500 --> 04:45.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% THROUGH THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF 04:45.967 --> 04:47.333 position:10% line:85% size:80% THE LAURA MOORE CUNNINGHAM 04:47.333 --> 04:48.700 position:10% line:85% size:80% FOUNDATION, COMMITTED TO 04:48.700 --> 04:50.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% FULFILLING THE MOORE AND BETTIS 04:50.066 --> 04:51.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% FAMILY LEGACY OF BUILDING THE 04:51.533 --> 04:53.867 position:10% line:85% size:80% GREAT STATE OF IDAHO; BY THE 04:53.867 --> 04:55.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% IDAHO NATIONAL LABORATORY, 04:55.900 --> 04:57.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% MENTORING TALENT AND FINDING 04:57.266 --> 04:59.266 position:10% line:85% size:80% SOLUTIONS FOR ENERGY AND 04:59.266 --> 05:01.500 position:10% line:85% size:80% SECURITY CHALLENGES; BY WALMART 05:01.500 --> 05:03.633 position:10% line:85% size:80% AND THE WALMART FOUNDATION, 05:03.633 --> 05:05.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% INCREASING ACCESS FOR IDAHO'S 05:05.166 --> 05:07.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% CHILDREN TO EXPLORE THE 05:07.066 --> 05:08.800 position:10% line:85% size:80% POSSIBILITIES OF SCIENCE AND 05:08.800 --> 05:10.166 position:10% line:85% size:80% TECHNOLOGY AND SPARKING THEIR 05:10.166 --> 05:12.000 position:10% line:85% size:80% INTEREST IN CAREERS THAT SHAPE 05:12.000 --> 05:13.900 position:10% line:85% size:80% OUR WORLD; BY THE FRIENDS OF 05:13.900 --> 05:15.967 position:10% line:85% size:80% IDAHO PUBLIC TELEVISION; BY THE 05:15.967 --> 05:18.066 position:10% line:85% size:80% CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC 05:18.066 --> 05:19.533 position:10% line:85% size:80% BROADCASTING AND BY VIEWERS LIKE 05:19.533 --> 05:21.367 position:10% line:85% size:80% YOU, THANK YOU.