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ZOOLOGY IS THE STUDY OF 
EVERYTHING HAVING TO DO WITH

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ANIMALS.

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STUDENT: EVERYTHING?

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CARTAN-HANSEN: YES, EVERYTHING, 
AND FOR ALL KINDS OF ANIMALS.

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ZOOLOGISTS, SCIENTISTS THAT 
STUDY ANIMALS, LEARN ABOUT

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THINGS LIKE ANIMALS' ANATOMY, 
NUTRITION, WHAT THEY EAT,

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CONSERVATION, ECOLOGY, WHERE 
THEY LIVE, THE GENETICS, AND

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CELLULAR BIOLOGY, EVERYTHING.

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STUDENT: HOW DO THEY START?

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CARTAN-HANSEN: WITH OBSERVATIONS 
AND BY TAXONOMY, OR BY

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CLASSIFICATION.

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ALL LIVING THINGS ARE DIVIDED 
INTO THREE DOMAINS, THEN FIVE

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KINGDOMS, OF WHICH ANIMALS ARE 
ONE.

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EACH KINGDOM IS DIVIDED INTO 
EVERSMALLER CATEGORIES OF

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PHYLUM, CLASS, ORDER, FAMILY, 
GENUS, AND SPECIES.

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SPECIES ARE THEN DIVIDED UP 
BASED ON PHYSICAL AND GENETIC

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CHARACTERISTICS INTO SUBSPECIES.

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TAKE YOUR PET DOG, A DOG BELONGS 
TO THE ANIMALIA KINGDOM, THE

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PHYLUM CHORDATA, THE CLASS 
MAMMALIA, THE ORDER CARNIVORA,

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THE FAMILY CANIDAE, THE GENUS 
CANIS, THE SPECIES CANIS LUPUS,

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AND THE SUBSPECIES CANIS LUPUS 
FAMILIARIS.

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STUDENT: WHY DO ZOOLOGISTS USE 
SUCH FUNNY NAMES TO CLASSIFY

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ANIMALS?

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CARTAN-HANSEN: THE NAMES ARE IN 
LATIN.

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THE FIRST CLASSIFICATIONS WERE 
MADE IN LATIN A LONG TIME AGO.

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SCIENTISTS ACROSS THE WORLD, NO 
MATTER WHAT LANGUAGE THEY SPEAK,

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ALL USE LATIN TERMS TO CLASSIFY 
SO THEY KNOW WHAT THEY'RE

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TALKING ABOUT.

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SCIENTISTS USE LATIN TO BE 
PRECISE.

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STUDENT: PRECISE?

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CARTAN-HANSEN: YES.

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WE CAN CALL THIS A CAT, OR THIS 
A CAT, OR THIS A CAT.

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BUT IF YOU WANT TO TELL THE 
DIFFERENCE AND MAKE SURE

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EVERYONE UNDERSTANDS, THEN YOU 
NEED TO BE PRECISE OR EXACT.

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SYSTEMATIC NAMING MAKES SURE 
THAT THAT ONE SPECIES HAS ONE

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NAME NO MATTER WHERE IN THE 
WORLD IT CAN BE FOUND.

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STUDENT: SO IS THAT ALL 
ZOOLOGISTS DO?

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CARTAN-HANSEN: NO.

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ZOOLOGISTS HELP US UNDERSTAND 
HOW ANIMALS LIVE IN OUR WORLD,

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HOW THEY INTERACT WITH THE 
ENVIRONMENT AND HOW ALL

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CREATURES LIVE TOGETHER IN THE 
NATURAL WORLD.

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SOME ZOOLOGISTS SPECIALIZE IN 
SPECIFIC TYPES OF ANIMALS.

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FOR EXAMPLE, ARACHNOLOGY IS THE 
STUDY OF SPIDERS.

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ICHTHYOLOGY IS THE STUDY OF 
FISH.

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ORNITHOLOGY IS THE STUDY OF 
BIRDS.

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AND PALEOZOOLOGY IS THE STUDY OF 
EXTINCT ANIMALS.

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ZOOLOGISTS STUDY ANIMALS NOT 
ONLY TO LEARN ABOUT THEM, BUT

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SOMETIMES TO FIND OUT HOW TO 
SAVE THEM.

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CHARLES PETERSON IS A ZOOLOGIST 
AT IDAHO STATE UNIVERSITY.

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HE STUDIES AMPHIBIANS.

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HE AND A GRADUATE STUDENT ARE 
LOOKING FOR FROGS AND WHERE THEY

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LIVE.

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HE KNOWS IF WE DON'T SAVE 
CERTAIN TYPES OF WETLANDS, WE

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WON'T BE ABLE TO SAVE CERTAIN 
TYPES OF FROGS.

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ZOOLOGISTS TRAVEL ALL OVER THE 
WORLD TO STUDY ANIMALS, OR THEY

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CAN STUDY RIGHT AT HOME.

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ZOOLOGISTS ARE INVOLVED IN 
ANIMAL CONSERVATION, SAVING

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ANIMALS FROM EXTINCTION AND 
IMPROVING THEIR ENVIRONMENTS.

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THEY HELP US UNDERSTAND THE 
BIODIVERSITY IN OUR WORLD, AND

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THAT'S IMPORTANT BECAUSE ANIMALS 
HAVE A BIG IMPACT ON OUR LIVES.

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THEY PROVIDE US WITH FOOD, WITH 
FRIENDSHIP, AND A SENSE OF

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WONDER.

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SO ZOOLOGISTS HELP US UNDERSTAND 
HOW LIFE WORKS ON OUR PLANET,

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WHICH, IN TURN, HELPS US 
UNDERSTAND HOW WE WORK IN OUR

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WORLD.

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STUDENT: THAT'S RIGHT BECAUSE,