WEBVTT 00:00.900 --> 00:01.833 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] Hi, I'm Brook. 00:01.833 --> 00:03.333 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% I'm a student at the university. 00:03.333 --> 00:04.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% My question for you is, how do you think the U.S. 00:04.500 --> 00:06.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% should approach problematic alliances? 00:06.633 --> 00:07.966 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [SUSAN RICE] Like Turkey? 00:07.966 --> 00:09.833 align:left position:40% line:89% size:50% Yeah. 00:09.833 --> 00:11.333 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Well, we have a few now. 00:11.333 --> 00:14.733 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% That's one. Hungary is another. 00:14.733 --> 00:17.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% But before I answer the direct question 00:17.666 --> 00:20.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% I just want to say how important our alliances are. 00:20.766 --> 00:24.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Our NATO alliance our Pacific allies, are a force 00:24.466 --> 00:27.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% multiplier for our leadership and strength in the world. 00:27.733 --> 00:30.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And I think one of the most important things 00:30.233 --> 00:33.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% we ought to be doing is reinforcing those alliances 00:33.033 --> 00:36.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and the importance of them rather than denigrating them. 00:36.133 --> 00:40.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And meanwhile, uplifting our adversaries. 00:40.266 --> 00:42.500 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% So, but Turkey and some of 00:42.500 --> 00:47.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% our less democratic allies pose a particular problem. 00:47.066 --> 00:49.133 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% And the challenges 00:49.133 --> 00:51.966 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% you don't want to jettison those alliances. 00:51.966 --> 00:55.366 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% But you also can't 00:55.366 --> 00:57.800 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% overlook the bad behavior. 00:57.800 --> 01:00.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% So in Turkey's case, there's a lot of abuses of human rights 01:00.633 --> 01:04.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% it's obviously the intervention in Syria, 01:04.866 --> 01:06.100 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% it's getting in bed 01:06.100 --> 01:08.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% with Russians on their air defense systems. 01:08.533 --> 01:11.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And we have that challenge to perhaps 01:11.600 --> 01:14.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% not the quite same degree in the Obama administration. 01:14.500 --> 01:17.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And the way we tried to manage it was, 01:17.966 --> 01:20.066 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% as difficult as it was, 01:20.066 --> 01:23.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% a lot of presidential engagement with Erdon. 01:23.800 --> 01:27.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And President Obama spent a lot of time in person 01:27.200 --> 01:30.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and on the phone with him, not because they were besties, 01:30.433 --> 01:35.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% but because we knew that, that was arguably the best way 01:35.433 --> 01:37.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to prevent some of the worst excesses. 01:37.800 --> 01:39.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [EVAN SMITH] Is President Erdon persuadable, 01:39.933 --> 01:43.566 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% in your experience? 01:43.566 --> 01:46.133 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [RICE] Yes. Then. 01:46.133 --> 01:48.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And persuadable is maybe not the right term. 01:48.566 --> 01:51.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% You could, you could shave the rough edges. 01:51.000 --> 01:51.966 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [SMITH] Okay. 01:51.966 --> 01:53.333 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [RICE] You could mitigate-- 01:53.333 --> 01:54.866 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [SMITH] Yeah. 01:54.866 --> 01:56.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [RICE] --the worst outcomes, and that's frankly in part 01:56.900 --> 02:00.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% plus our deterrent effect, how we made it impossible 02:00.666 --> 02:03.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% for many years for Turkey to invade northern Syria. 02:03.833 --> 02:05.100 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [SMITH] Yeah. 02:05.100 --> 02:06.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [RICE] It's not like they didn't want to. 02:06.833 --> 02:08.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It's that they knew they'd better not-- 02:08.200 --> 02:09.133 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [SMITH] You held them off. 02:09.133 --> 02:10.300 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [RICE] --mess with the U.S. 02:10.300 --> 02:11.566 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [SMITH] Right. 02:11.566 --> 02:12.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [RICE] Or rupture that relationship. 02:12.933 --> 02:14.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% President Trump sent a very different signal. 02:14.733 --> 02:17.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And we've seen what happens. [SMITH] Thank you so much for-- 02:17.566 --> 02:18.400 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [RICE] Thank you. 02:18.400 --> 02:19.833 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [SMITH] Commissioner. 02:19.833 --> 02:21.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] Welcome back to Austin! 02:21.333 --> 02:23.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And thank you for continuing to come to Texas Tribune Fest! 02:23.866 --> 02:25.066 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [RICE] Thank you! 02:25.066 --> 02:26.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] That is always a joy-- 02:26.000 --> 02:27.466 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [SMITH] This is a hashtag ad, 02:27.466 --> 02:29.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% I didn't actually tell her to do that, but okay. 02:29.600 --> 02:30.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] But my question is this, 02:30.833 --> 02:32.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% you have served at a cabinet level 02:32.633 --> 02:35.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and I'm just wondering, aside from a president, 02:35.533 --> 02:37.900 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% who ought to be taking the lead 02:37.900 --> 02:40.700 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% on climate change policies? 02:40.700 --> 02:42.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% 'Cause so many different divisions 02:42.666 --> 02:44.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and offices can claim a piece of it, 02:44.900 --> 02:47.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% but somebody needs to take the lead. 02:47.366 --> 02:48.333 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Who do you think that out to be? 02:48.333 --> 02:50.466 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [RICE] Well, it depends. Right? 02:50.466 --> 02:52.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Internationally, it should be the State Department, 02:52.100 --> 02:55.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and the Secretary of State. And John Kerry, you know, 02:55.066 --> 02:59.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% took that role very seriously, and was passionate about it. 02:59.433 --> 03:02.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And it helped lead to the Paris Climate Agreement. 03:02.300 --> 03:04.066 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% The diplomacy was run 03:04.066 --> 03:05.800 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% out of State and the White House. 03:05.800 --> 03:08.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% President Obama was very much engaged. We were all engaged. 03:08.933 --> 03:11.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% But when it comes to domestic side, 03:11.200 --> 03:14.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% then you need EPA, you need Interior, 03:14.333 --> 03:16.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% you need a variety of agencies involved. 03:16.833 --> 03:20.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% But in the Obama administration, the EPA administrator 03:20.466 --> 03:24.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% was really the point person, and very effective at it. 03:24.333 --> 03:25.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% We had two and they were both excellent. 03:25.800 --> 03:27.000 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [SMITH] Yup. 03:27.000 --> 03:29.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [RICE] So, but what you really need 03:29.566 --> 03:31.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% is a demand signal from the president. 03:31.866 --> 03:34.100 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% To all elements-- 03:34.100 --> 03:35.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [SMITH] Sets the tone at the top, Right, yeah. 03:35.866 --> 03:38.000 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [RICE] That this is a priority. 03:38.000 --> 03:40.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And you have to take it seriously. 03:40.166 --> 03:41.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [SMITH] And the inverse of that would be saying 03:41.866 --> 03:43.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% we're going to withdraw from the Paris Accords. 03:43.533 --> 03:44.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [RICE] Sorta something like that. 03:44.733 --> 03:45.566 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [SMITH] Yeah. 03:45.566 --> 03:46.500 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% (audience laughter) 03:46.500 --> 03:48.000 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] Thank you. 03:48.000 --> 03:49.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [SMITH] That's a signal of sort from the top, as well. 03:49.233 --> 03:50.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [RICE] And the energy department you know 03:50.766 --> 03:54.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% we don't care about, you know, renewables, only oil and gas. 03:54.833 --> 03:55.800 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [SMITH] Ma'am. 03:55.800 --> 03:57.300 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [RICE] Coal. Yes. 03:57.300 --> 03:58.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] You've been an influential advocate 03:58.833 --> 04:01.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% for the people of Sudan. And if I recall correctly, 04:01.533 --> 04:05.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% you were present at the South Sudanese independence day. 04:05.433 --> 04:06.866 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [RICE] I was. 04:06.866 --> 04:08.966 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] I'm wondering now with hindsight 04:08.966 --> 04:10.433 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% what your views are, 04:10.433 --> 04:14.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% on South Sudan as it tries to emerge from this conflict, 04:14.066 --> 04:15.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and what the Obama administration 04:15.566 --> 04:18.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% might have done differently. And I'd also be interested 04:18.733 --> 04:20.300 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% in your views on Sudan 04:20.300 --> 04:23.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and its future following this year's ouster. 04:23.233 --> 04:24.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [SMITH] This is the kind of question you get. 04:24.833 --> 04:25.766 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [RICE] That's good! 04:25.766 --> 04:27.266 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [SMITH] Right, you like that? 04:27.266 --> 04:28.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [RICE] That's good. I write actually a lot about Sudan 04:28.200 --> 04:29.900 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and South Sudan in "Tough Love." 04:29.900 --> 04:32.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Because it is a sort of through line going back 04:32.300 --> 04:34.533 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% to my time working on Africa, 04:34.533 --> 04:37.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% as well as in the Obama administration. 04:37.033 --> 04:39.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I'm very saddened and disappointed 04:39.166 --> 04:43.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% by what's evolved in South Sudan since independence. 04:43.233 --> 04:45.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% It, for those of you who don't follow this carefully, 04:45.766 --> 04:48.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% you know, it's basically a civil conflict. 04:48.333 --> 04:53.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And very corrupt, venal leadership, 04:53.000 --> 04:54.600 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% in the government 04:54.600 --> 04:56.333 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and very corrupt venal leadership 04:56.333 --> 04:59.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% in the opposition fighting the government. 04:59.333 --> 05:00.966 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% And what has been a real 05:00.966 --> 05:03.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% moment of promise in 2011 has been squandered. 05:03.533 --> 05:06.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And the people of South Sudan have suffered so long, 05:06.700 --> 05:10.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% are really as bad or worse off then they were even before. 05:10.633 --> 05:15.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So it's a huge tragedy and I think it was right 05:15.100 --> 05:16.966 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% for the people of South Sudan to have the opportunity 05:16.966 --> 05:20.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to vote on a referendum for independence. 05:20.266 --> 05:24.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% They voted 98.6% for independence. 05:24.433 --> 05:27.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% But then they got stuck with some really bad leaders, 05:27.000 --> 05:29.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and they hadn't been able to change that. 05:29.500 --> 05:33.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And I think U.S. policy, and I do write rather 05:33.500 --> 05:36.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% critically of our approach, not just there 05:36.733 --> 05:38.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% but where I think we've made mistakes, 05:38.500 --> 05:40.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and where we've gotten it right across the board. 05:40.100 --> 05:43.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% But in South Sudan, and I take a fair share 05:43.700 --> 05:45.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% of responsibility for this, I think 05:45.966 --> 05:49.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% we were late to push for broad-based sanctions 05:49.866 --> 05:51.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% against the government of South Sudan, 05:51.800 --> 05:53.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and the leadership of South Sudan. 05:53.700 --> 05:55.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And there are various reasons for that 05:55.433 --> 05:57.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% which I get into which I won't bore everybody with 05:57.866 --> 06:02.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% but I would have, in retrospect, think we would have perhaps 06:02.333 --> 06:06.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% been able to use our influence more effectively 06:06.366 --> 06:11.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% had we resorted to those tougher measures sooner. 06:11.066 --> 06:14.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% But, we've now done it and it's still hasn't worked. 06:14.533 --> 06:15.866 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% So, it's really hard to tell. 06:15.866 --> 06:18.833 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% With retrospect to Sudan itself, 06:18.833 --> 06:21.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% this is the government in Khartoum. 06:21.266 --> 06:26.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% You know, the ouster of Bashir and the change of government 06:27.666 --> 06:29.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% driven by real popular sentiment was an amazing achievement. 06:29.666 --> 06:31.166 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] Extraordinary. 06:31.166 --> 06:34.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [RICE] And again, what comes of it is still to be seen. 06:34.100 --> 06:36.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% We're in this transitional phase. 06:36.033 --> 06:39.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% But I think the people of Sudan deserve enormous credit. 06:39.266 --> 06:42.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% For, in effect, you know bringing about 06:42.600 --> 06:45.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% a change through largely peaceful means. 06:45.233 --> 06:49.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% They, some of the civilian protestors were certainly harmed. 06:49.200 --> 06:52.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% But they did not use violence to achieve their objective. 06:52.333 --> 06:54.200 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% And there is now hope. 06:55.066 --> 06:56.500 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] Thank you. 06:56.500 --> 06:57.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [RICE] Thank you for asking. I appreciate that. 06:57.466 --> 06:58.400 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [SMITH] Steve, your time? 06:58.400 --> 06:59.933 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Do we have time for one more? 06:59.933 --> 07:02.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% I'm very sorry if we don't get to your question. Sir. 07:02.733 --> 07:04.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] Oh, is this the last one? 07:04.500 --> 07:05.433 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [RICE] Apparently. 07:05.433 --> 07:07.000 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [SMITH] You get the last one. 07:07.000 --> 07:08.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [AUDIENCE MEMBER] Ambassador Rice, are you concerned 07:08.233 --> 07:10.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that there's been an exodus of professional 07:10.766 --> 07:13.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% foreign service officers from the State Department? 07:13.166 --> 07:14.433 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [RICE] Deeply. 07:14.433 --> 07:15.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [SMITH] It's an easy short answer, right? 07:15.633 --> 07:16.900 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [RICE] Deeply, deeply concerned! 07:16.900 --> 07:17.833 align:left position:40% line:89% size:50% and-- 07:17.833 --> 07:20.500 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [SMITH] Can you rebuild that? 07:20.500 --> 07:21.666 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [RICE] With a lot of time. 07:21.666 --> 07:22.900 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% And a lot of effort. 07:22.900 --> 07:25.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I mean, we've had, so we've lost people 07:25.166 --> 07:28.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% at the very senior levels who have been told, 07:28.466 --> 07:30.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% in effect, that they're not welcome. 07:30.433 --> 07:33.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% The most experienced. We have deficits now 07:33.500 --> 07:37.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% in terms of recruitment. And now we have 07:37.333 --> 07:38.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the president of the United States, 07:38.800 --> 07:42.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% very directly and personally, attacking and denigrating 07:42.100 --> 07:44.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% foreign service officers. And the Secretary of State-- 07:44.133 --> 07:45.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [SMITH] Declining to stand up for this. 07:45.433 --> 07:47.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [RICE] Refusing, to stand up for them. 07:47.400 --> 07:48.900 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [SMITH] Right. 07:48.900 --> 07:50.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [RICE] And, on the one hand, that's devastating for morale, 07:50.833 --> 07:54.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and it's going to accelerate, I fear, the exodus. 07:54.766 --> 07:58.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% On the other hand, I think what I'm hearing 07:58.066 --> 08:02.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% from my former colleagues is they are foreign service proud. 08:02.633 --> 08:05.066 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% There's hashtag F-S Proud. 08:05.066 --> 08:07.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Because what they have been able to show the world 08:07.600 --> 08:10.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and the country is how dedicated and professional 08:10.600 --> 08:12.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and you know faithful to their oath 08:12.866 --> 08:14.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% under the constitution they actually are. 08:14.733 --> 08:15.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [SMITH] If there's a silver lining 08:15.666 --> 08:17.000 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% over the last couple weeks 08:17.000 --> 08:19.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% it's that Marie Yovanovitch and Bill Taylor, 08:19.166 --> 08:21.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and these other folks from the State Department 08:21.033 --> 08:25.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% defying directives not to do this have demonstrated 08:25.433 --> 08:27.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% what public service looks like, right? 08:27.666 --> 08:29.166 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [RICE] I think, absolutely. 08:29.166 --> 08:31.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% I don't think the American people understand how smart 08:31.333 --> 08:34.866 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and committed and, you know, 08:34.866 --> 08:36.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% under the radar screen these people 08:36.400 --> 08:39.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% are trying to fly everyday doing our business for us. 08:39.033 --> 08:40.166 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [SMITH] Right. 08:40.166 --> 08:41.966 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [RICE] And they don't get the 08:41.966 --> 08:43.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% praise and support and the respect, 08:43.966 --> 08:45.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that our service men and women do. 08:45.433 --> 08:47.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% But they are putting themselves in harms way everyday. 08:47.766 --> 08:49.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% As we just discussed as when you look at 08:49.466 --> 08:53.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% you know, our losses in Libia or in East Africa. 08:53.100 --> 08:56.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% These people are putting their lives on the line. 08:56.000 --> 08:57.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [SMITH] Literally on the line for us, that's right. 08:57.766 --> 08:59.300 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [RICE] And they do great work. 08:59.300 --> 09:00.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% [SMITH] Ambassador, thank you so much, for your time today! 09:00.600 --> 09:01.400 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [RICE] Thank you. 09:01.400 --> 09:02.333 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [SMITH] Thank you all! 09:02.333 --> 09:03.166 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% We'll see you again. 09:03.166 --> 09:08.100 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% (applause)