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[gentle orchestral fanfare]

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♪

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[resonant strings lead 
building orchestration]

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(male narrator) 
Welcome to Our State ,

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a production of UNC-TV

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in association 
with Our State magazine--

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for over 80 years,

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bringing readers 
the wonders of North Carolina.

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On this edition...

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learn how a livestock 
judging pavilion

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became one 
of the most important

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architectural achievements 
in our state...

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[rich score emerges]

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the wild horses of Corolla 
face an uncertain future...

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and we'll meet 
the most patriotic man

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in North Carolina.

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♪

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[gentle piano melody]

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(male announcer) 
Since 1872,

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BB&T has been supporting 
the people and communities

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of North Carolina.

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From our small-town roots

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to the banking network 
you see today,

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we've always been here 
for all our clients,

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stretching from Manteo... 
to Murphy.

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We're proud of our heritage

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as the oldest bank 
in North Carolina,

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and we're very proud 
to provide funding

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for Our State .

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♪

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Quality public television 
is made possible

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through the financial 
contributions

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of viewers like you,

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who invite you to join them 
in supporting UNC-TV.

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[pulsing electric guitar tones 
lead electronic droning]

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♪

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(narrator) 
In the late 1940s,

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a livestock-judging pavilion 
was designed

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for the North Carolina 
State Fairgrounds,

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a livestock-judging pavilion

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that turned out like nothing 
anybody'd ever seen,

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thanks to the vision 
of this man,

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Matthew Nowicki, 
who came here from Poland

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to head the new 
architecture department

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at North Carolina 
State College.

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He imagined a public space 
on a symphonic scale.

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(man) 
It is such a powerful gesture,

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and I don't know 
of a single space in the world

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where the nature of the space

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is so beautifully expressed.

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(narrator) 
It's located 
right in the middle

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of the fairgrounds, 
but even so,

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this architectural wonder

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readily blends 
into the background

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amid the cacophony 
of a full-blown state fair.

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Thousands pass it by, 
not noticing

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its groundbreaking 
elliptical shape,

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knowing nothing about 
the engineering innovations

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or how modern architecture 
came to Tobacco Road.

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♪

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Good morning, Bill; 
its a pleasure 
to see you.

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Good to see you; 
glad to have you back 
to Dorton Arena.

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(narrator) 
NC State facility engineer 
Bill McClure

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and Wayne Place,

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professor of architecture 
in the College of Design,

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give us a tour 
of one of our state's

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most architecturally important 
and influential buildings,

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the Dorton Arena.

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(Place) 
Sometimes people will walk 
into a space like this,

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and then they walk away,

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and they 
don't even quite realize

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what they've been in.

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They come here 
focused so much

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on whatever 
their business is,

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and they don't 
take time to look up.

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(narrator) 
"Up" is where 
it all comes together:

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design, materials, 
construction,

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each married to the other,

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working together 
in a still and silent dance

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that combines look 
with function

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to a perfection 
that's almost beyond words...

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just as Nowicki envisioned.

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Tragically, 
he died in a plane crash

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and never saw the project 
completed,

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but his drawings 
captured the vision,

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and that vision 
had to be realized.

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His sweeping lines

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were converted 
to precise measurements

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by architect 
William Henley Deitrick.

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(Place) 
And I think what's remarkable

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is that they're able 
to create

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the spatial richness 
and the complex form

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out of such simple elements.

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(narrator) 
Elements that combine

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to create a design 
like no other in the world.

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(Place) 
This is not a building

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where you establish 
a set of columns

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on a very regular 
rectangular grid.

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This is a building

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where absolutely every 
foundation was a challenge

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and every column had to be 
very carefully located.

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They were pushing the envelope

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in ways that are 
almost unimaginable.

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(narrator) 
Deitrick worked 
with Muirhead Construction

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to bring 
Nowicki's vision to life,

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including a roof 
with a 300-foot free span

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and no interior columns,

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supported 
by high-strength steel cables

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draped across the span, 
inspired by the cables

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supporting San Francisco's 
Golden Gate Bridge.

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(Place) 
So these cables,

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which are to resist gravity,

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are very poor

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in terms of resisting wind.

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In fact, they put up 
no resistance to wind,

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so this roof 
would literally kite

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under that kind 
of wind suction.

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So to hold the roof down, 
we have a series of cables

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running in this direction.

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We sometimes call them 
the wind-resisting cables,

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and they're there

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to keep the roof 
from flying away, basically.

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They have to be 
countertensioned

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so that no flutter 
develops in the roof

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under any kind 
of wind disturbance.

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And Nowicki needed a structure 
around the boundary

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that would be 
comparably efficient

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in resisting gravity forces,

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and so just as he 
chose a parabola

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for the shape of these, uh, 
gravity cables,

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he also used 
a compression arch

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around the boundary

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which is parabolic 
in shape also.

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(narrator) 
The two arches 
that support the roof

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are key to the way 
this building works,

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architecturally 
and visually.

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(Place) 
The history of architecture 
during World War II

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placed a lot of emphasis

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on what we call 
fascist architecture.

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There was a deliberate attempt

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to obscure 
the purpose of buildings

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and to hide what went on 
inside of buildings.

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One of the ways 
that modern architecture

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expressed its optimism

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and its desire 
to get away from that

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was to be as open as possible.

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Buildings expressing 
their purpose

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was a huge part of what 
modern architecture was about,

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and certainly, 
Matthew Nowicki

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embraced that philosophy 
and that idea

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and brought it

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to an amazing expression 
in this building.

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[warm orchestration]

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♪

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(narrator) 
Dorton Arena 
is an architectural marvel,

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the first building 
in the world to have a roof

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supported 
with suspended steel cables.

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(Place, voice-over) 
OK 
, so that's Bill over there.

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He's 300 feet 
fr 
om where we are right now,

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and that's the length 
of a football field,

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and there are no columns 
between here and there,

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just these cables

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that are draped 
across the space.

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(narrator) 
Gravity and the innovative 
cable system

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keep the arches 
in constant tension.

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♪

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Hidden underground 
are abutments

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crucial to maintaining 
Dorton Arena's

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structural integrity.

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(Place) 
So this is the pit

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at the end of this 
long, concrete footing.

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It looks like 
these devices are designed

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to tension that cable, 
and I guess,

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if these cables 
weren't running underground

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from the base of one arch 
to the other, under load,

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these arches would 
tend to splay apart

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and the building 
would collapse.

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(McClure) 
This what holds 
the buildin' up.

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♪

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(narrator) 
This building

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made a progressive 
political statement

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to the world 
about North Carolina

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during the "anything's 
possible" years

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following World War II.

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(Place) 
And sometimes, the politicians 
are the visionaries.

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Somebody had to go along 
with approving this building,

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and it took 
a certain amount of courage

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to make a commitment 
to something like this

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because it was so unusual.

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(McClure) 
Politically, 
you gotta take a look

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at Governor Kerr Scott.

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His campaign 
was to move forward.

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We have Dr. Dorton, 
who's manager

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of the North Carolina 
State Fair,

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who was wanting 
the North Carolina State Fair

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to be self-supporting.

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What did we have 
in the central part

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of North Carolina 
as a entertainment venue?

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The answer's nothin'.

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When Dr. Dorton realized

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the Livestock 
Judging Pavilion,

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I think that Dr. Dorton had it 
in the back of their mind

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that this would be 
an entertainment venue too.

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So politically, 
the stage was ripe

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to get the funding 
to build this building.

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(narrator) 
Over the decades,

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the arena has hosted 
everything from tractor pulls

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to ice hockey, 
from big-time concerts to...

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livestock judging.

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[horn blares]

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Although Dorton is no longer 
the only venue in town,

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this National Historic 
Civil Engineering Landmark

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remains open for business 
in a big way.

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People never forget 
the impression it makes

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00:09:08,981 --> 00:09:11,584
the first time they see it.

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(Place) 
This building is so beautiful

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00:09:13,686 --> 00:09:14,954
and so remarkable

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that we have people 
from around the world

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that come to Raleigh, 
North Carolina,

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just to see this building.

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Whenever I have visitors 
from out of town,

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this is the one place 
I make sure that I take them.

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And they are always blown away 
by the experience

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00:09:28,768 --> 00:09:31,237
of being inside 
of this building.

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00:09:31,337 --> 00:09:32,838
(McClure) 
And we sit down,

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00:09:32,939 --> 00:09:36,676
and then they can begin to 
conceive what this building is

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00:09:36,776 --> 00:09:40,580
'cause it takes a minute 
or two for it to sink in

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what exactly 
you're lookin' at.

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(narrator) 
That's especially true

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considering that Dorton Arena 
almost didn't get built!

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Story says that if dirt 
wasn't turned on the site

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by a certain time 
on a certain date,

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00:09:53,826 --> 00:09:56,028
the project wouldn't go.

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Enter one contractor, 
one shovel,

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and a highway patrolman 
to get 'em there,

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00:10:01,500 --> 00:10:03,536
courtesy 
of Governor Kerr Scott.

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(McClure) 
He got a shovel, dug a hole,

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00:10:05,705 --> 00:10:07,473
mixed up some cement 
in the wheelbarrow,

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00:10:07,573 --> 00:10:09,208
and poured it in a hole.

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Turned to the highway 
patrolman, says,

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00:10:11,177 --> 00:10:12,945
"I have started construction 
on Dorton Arena."

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Highway patrolman 
thanked him real big

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00:10:14,780 --> 00:10:17,516
and said he would go back 
and report to the governor

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that construction had started.

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00:10:19,585 --> 00:10:20,920
(narrator) 
Shortly thereafter,

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President Truman 
ordered a moratorium

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on all construction projects.

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The money and resources 
were needed

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to fight the Korean War,

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but luckily 
for North Carolina,

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projects already underway 
were exempt.

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(McClure) 
If that hole 
wouldn'ta been dug

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00:10:36,836 --> 00:10:38,771
and that concrete 
wouldn'ta been poured,

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00:10:38,871 --> 00:10:41,173
Dorton Arena 
may not have been started.

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00:10:41,273 --> 00:10:44,810
The fundin' for Dorton Arena 
mighta gone other places,

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and that little window of time 
that everything came together

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00:10:48,514 --> 00:10:50,416
with the state 
of North Carolina,

258
00:10:50,516 --> 00:10:52,084
the Department of Agriculture,

259
00:10:52,184 --> 00:10:54,320
and North Carolina 
State University--

260
00:10:54,420 --> 00:10:56,822
the window mighta closed.

261
00:10:56,922 --> 00:10:59,992
This building 
might not be here.

262
00:11:00,092 --> 00:11:03,829
(Place) 
This is like a gem 
that just was created

263
00:11:03,929 --> 00:11:07,433
in a flash, uh, 
a moment in history.

264
00:11:07,533 --> 00:11:10,169
We could learn a lesson 
from this building

265
00:11:10,269 --> 00:11:13,739
about what enthusiasm 
and optimism can do

266
00:11:13,839 --> 00:11:15,808
when people really embrace it.

267
00:11:15,908 --> 00:11:19,145
[orchestration surges]

268
00:11:19,245 --> 00:11:21,514
[electric guitar leads]

269
00:11:21,614 --> 00:11:25,184
♪

270
00:11:27,787 --> 00:11:29,955
[guitar leads resonant melody]

271
00:11:30,056 --> 00:11:34,660
♪

272
00:11:34,760 --> 00:11:36,328
(narrator) 
Some things never change

273
00:11:36,429 --> 00:11:38,597
on North Carolina's 
Outer Banks.

274
00:11:39,198 --> 00:11:42,101
Day after day, 
breakers kiss the shore.

275
00:11:42,201 --> 00:11:44,937
Ceaseless tides 
irrigate the marshland

276
00:11:45,037 --> 00:11:47,540
and then creep back 
out to sea.

277
00:11:47,640 --> 00:11:49,408
[surf noise]

278
00:11:49,508 --> 00:11:52,545
And here and there 
along the 175 mile or so

279
00:11:52,645 --> 00:11:54,046
stretch of barrier islands

280
00:11:54,146 --> 00:11:56,582
from Ocracoke north 
to the Virginia border,

281
00:11:56,682 --> 00:11:59,752
wild horses may be glimpsed 
grazing contentedly

282
00:11:59,852 --> 00:12:02,354
among the dunes.

283
00:12:02,455 --> 00:12:04,690
They're not as widely 
dispersed over the banks

284
00:12:04,790 --> 00:12:06,125
as they once were,

285
00:12:06,225 --> 00:12:07,860
descendents 
of equine passengers

286
00:12:07,960 --> 00:12:09,562
on Spanish sailing ships

287
00:12:09,662 --> 00:12:12,531
that ran aground 
in the 17th century.

288
00:12:12,631 --> 00:12:14,600
(woman) 
There are 2,000 shipwrecks

289
00:12:14,700 --> 00:12:16,469
on the bottom 
of the Atlantic Ocean

290
00:12:16,569 --> 00:12:18,337
up and down the Outer Banks,

291
00:12:18,437 --> 00:12:20,039
so, although there's no record,

292
00:12:20,139 --> 00:12:22,408
it stands to reason 
that some horses

293
00:12:22,508 --> 00:12:24,410
were probably able 
to survive shipwrecks

294
00:12:24,510 --> 00:12:25,778
and swim ashore.

295
00:12:25,878 --> 00:12:28,114
And some horses 
were simply left behind

296
00:12:28,214 --> 00:12:29,849
when colonies failed.

297
00:12:29,949 --> 00:12:32,351
A nonprofit 
has a mission,

298
00:12:32,451 --> 00:12:34,687
and it benefits the greater 
good of the community.

299
00:12:34,787 --> 00:12:37,523
(narrator) 
Karen McCalpin 
is a colonist of sorts,

300
00:12:37,623 --> 00:12:40,559
a transplant to the Outer 
Banks from Pennsylvania,

301
00:12:40,659 --> 00:12:43,562
lured here by the prospect 
of her dream job,

302
00:12:43,662 --> 00:12:46,232
managing the northernmost 
population of wild horses

303
00:12:46,332 --> 00:12:49,969
as director of the nonprofit 
Corolla Wild Horse Fund.

304
00:12:50,069 --> 00:12:52,705
(McCalpin) 
They've been here 
almost five centuries,

305
00:12:52,805 --> 00:12:55,975
and the United States 
Fish and Wildlife Service

306
00:12:56,075 --> 00:13:02,214
defines them as nonnative, 
feral, invasive pest animals.

307
00:13:02,314 --> 00:13:04,216
I'm not native, but, uh,

308
00:13:04,316 --> 00:13:07,586
I don't know how long you 
have to live here to be native.

309
00:13:07,686 --> 00:13:10,189
It seems like five centuries 
oughta be plenty of time.

310
00:13:10,289 --> 00:13:12,358
They're just amazing horses.

311
00:13:12,458 --> 00:13:14,360
(narrator) 
Amazing, also, is a good word

312
00:13:14,460 --> 00:13:16,796
to apply to early 
preservation efforts.

313
00:13:16,896 --> 00:13:19,965
(McCalpin) 
The organization 
was actually formed in 1989

314
00:13:20,065 --> 00:13:23,769
as a completely all-volunteer, 
grassroots organization

315
00:13:23,869 --> 00:13:27,673
by a group of residents 
who had becomed concerned

316
00:13:27,773 --> 00:13:31,343
as more and more horses 
began to get hit on 12,

317
00:13:31,443 --> 00:13:36,715
as development, uh, increased 
between Duck and Corolla,

318
00:13:36,816 --> 00:13:41,620
and in 1989, a stallion 
by the name of Star,

319
00:13:41,720 --> 00:13:44,890
with whom everyone 
was familiar, was killed,

320
00:13:44,990 --> 00:13:47,326
and that was the last straw, 
so to speak.

321
00:13:48,694 --> 00:13:51,530
(narrator) 
The herd count in the area 
threatened by development,

322
00:13:51,630 --> 00:13:53,199
here counted by helicopter,

323
00:13:53,299 --> 00:13:56,735
had diminished to about 20 
by the early '90s.

324
00:13:56,836 --> 00:14:00,673
By the time Karen arrived 
on the scene in 2006,

325
00:14:00,773 --> 00:14:03,342
the horse population 
was on the rise

326
00:14:03,442 --> 00:14:06,512
with 7,500-plus 
protected acres to roam,

327
00:14:06,612 --> 00:14:07,880
including portions

328
00:14:07,980 --> 00:14:10,216
of the Currituck National 
Wildlife Refuge

329
00:14:10,316 --> 00:14:13,652
and some low-impact 
residential developments.

330
00:14:13,752 --> 00:14:16,188
(McCalpin) 
The horses really have 
five main habitat areas.

331
00:14:16,288 --> 00:14:18,791
They eat the coarse grasses 
that grow on the dunes

332
00:14:18,891 --> 00:14:20,226
and the sea oats.

333
00:14:20,326 --> 00:14:21,961
Behind the dunes, 
there's dry meadow,

334
00:14:22,061 --> 00:14:23,229
wet meadow,

335
00:14:23,329 --> 00:14:24,663
there's a maritime forest

336
00:14:24,763 --> 00:14:26,732
that runs up the middle 
of the island.

337
00:14:26,832 --> 00:14:28,334
That's basically 
its highest point.

338
00:14:28,434 --> 00:14:30,669
You'll find them there 
in the winter eating acorns,

339
00:14:30,769 --> 00:14:32,037
like the deer.

340
00:14:32,137 --> 00:14:35,407
And then, of course, along 
the sound there's the marshes.

341
00:14:35,507 --> 00:14:37,409
We have the area, 
for our purposes,

342
00:14:37,509 --> 00:14:41,213
divided into four zones, and, 
uh, we know which harems ,

343
00:14:41,313 --> 00:14:43,115
and a harem 
is a dominant stallion

344
00:14:43,215 --> 00:14:45,084
and generally 
one to four mares--

345
00:14:45,184 --> 00:14:47,419
some have more, 
some have less.

346
00:14:47,519 --> 00:14:50,689
We know which harems we're 
going to find in which zones,

347
00:14:50,789 --> 00:14:53,259
and so they move freely 
within that zone.

348
00:14:53,359 --> 00:14:56,362
They rarely move out of that 
area because if they do,

349
00:14:56,462 --> 00:14:58,163
they risk losing their mares

350
00:14:58,264 --> 00:15:01,100
to the dominant stallion 
in the next zone.

351
00:15:01,200 --> 00:15:02,768
(narrator) 
It may seem unusual

352
00:15:02,868 --> 00:15:05,104
to see wild horses 
grazing around houses,

353
00:15:05,204 --> 00:15:07,406
but that's the nature 
of things here,

354
00:15:07,506 --> 00:15:09,508
where civilization 
and history meet

355
00:15:09,608 --> 00:15:12,511
in a uniquely 
accommodating way.

356
00:15:12,611 --> 00:15:14,113
(McCalpin) 
One of the things

357
00:15:14,213 --> 00:15:16,181
that we spend 
a tremendous amount of time

358
00:15:16,282 --> 00:15:17,783
and effort doing is educating,

359
00:15:17,883 --> 00:15:19,852
both on the beach 
and behind the dunes,

360
00:15:19,952 --> 00:15:23,856
because the wild horses here 
are tolerant of humans.

361
00:15:23,956 --> 00:15:27,026
That's why you can drive by 
one of them grazing

362
00:15:27,126 --> 00:15:29,361
and they probably 
won't even look up at you.

363
00:15:29,461 --> 00:15:32,264
But they can be standing 
along the shoreline

364
00:15:32,364 --> 00:15:33,732
and looking very peaceful,

365
00:15:33,832 --> 00:15:36,936
and people start to gather 
around and take pictures,

366
00:15:37,036 --> 00:15:40,105
and suddenly a rival stallion 
appears on the dune line

367
00:15:40,205 --> 00:15:42,374
and comes down-- 
thundering down the dune.

368
00:15:42,474 --> 00:15:46,245
Now you're in the middle of 
a very brutal, vicious fight.

369
00:15:46,345 --> 00:15:48,914
They will not care whether 
you're standing there or not--

370
00:15:49,014 --> 00:15:50,549
your vehicle's there, 
your child's there,

371
00:15:50,649 --> 00:15:52,318
your chair's there.

372
00:15:52,418 --> 00:15:54,820
(narrator) 
The most enduring threat 
to the Corolla horses,

373
00:15:54,920 --> 00:15:57,389
however, is neither 
commercial encroachment

374
00:15:57,489 --> 00:15:59,224
nor the wild horse tourism

375
00:15:59,325 --> 00:16:01,593
that has blossomed 
in the area.

376
00:16:01,694 --> 00:16:03,429
It's genetic.

377
00:16:03,529 --> 00:16:06,665
The gene pool is collapsing 
due to inbreeding.

378
00:16:06,765 --> 00:16:09,501
Dr. Gus Cothran 
of Texas A&M University

379
00:16:09,601 --> 00:16:12,938
is the leading expert 
on wild horse genetics.

380
00:16:14,106 --> 00:16:17,142
(McCalpin) 
In 2007, we pulled, uh, 
DNA samples

381
00:16:17,242 --> 00:16:18,978
with remotely delivered darts,

382
00:16:19,078 --> 00:16:21,413
and in 2008, 
the results came back

383
00:16:21,513 --> 00:16:25,117
that we had one of the lowest 
levels of genetic diversity

384
00:16:25,217 --> 00:16:26,952
of any wild herd anywhere.

385
00:16:27,052 --> 00:16:30,622
(Cothran) 
So that means that they 
have lost genetic diversity,

386
00:16:30,723 --> 00:16:33,359
relative to other 
horse populations.

387
00:16:33,459 --> 00:16:36,729
And that's likely due, 
or almost certainly due,

388
00:16:36,829 --> 00:16:38,964
to the very small 
population size

389
00:16:39,064 --> 00:16:41,000
that existed at one time.

390
00:16:41,100 --> 00:16:45,371
Small population size 
means inbreeding,

391
00:16:45,471 --> 00:16:49,875
and inbreeding means 
loss of genetic variability.

392
00:16:49,975 --> 00:16:53,479
(narrator) 
Mitochondrial DNA research 
in Dr. Cothran's lab

393
00:16:53,579 --> 00:16:57,383
provided clues to the Corolla 
horses' ancestry.

394
00:16:57,483 --> 00:17:01,420
(Cothran) 
All of the barrier island 
horse populations,

395
00:17:01,520 --> 00:17:04,656
which are now isolated 
from each other,

396
00:17:04,757 --> 00:17:07,359
show closer relationship 
to each other

397
00:17:07,459 --> 00:17:09,361
than they do to anything else,

398
00:17:09,461 --> 00:17:12,264
suggesting 
some common ancestry.

399
00:17:12,931 --> 00:17:15,934
But by looking 
at particular variants

400
00:17:16,035 --> 00:17:19,104
that we know 
where they are most common

401
00:17:19,204 --> 00:17:21,673
and where they 
most likely come from,

402
00:17:21,774 --> 00:17:24,777
we have clear evidence 
that the, uh, Banker horses

403
00:17:24,877 --> 00:17:29,014
have some old Spanish blood 
in them.

404
00:17:29,114 --> 00:17:31,650
And that could only 
have come from something

405
00:17:31,750 --> 00:17:34,253
probably three 
to four hundred years ago.

406
00:17:34,353 --> 00:17:36,321
(narrator) 
There are three zones 
of wild horses

407
00:17:36,422 --> 00:17:38,824
along North Carolina's 
Outer Banks:

408
00:17:38,924 --> 00:17:43,262
at Corolla, Shackleford Banks, 
and Ocracoke.

409
00:17:43,362 --> 00:17:45,130
(Cothran) 
They're all related 
to each other,

410
00:17:45,230 --> 00:17:47,466
but they're all different 
from each other as well.

411
00:17:47,566 --> 00:17:51,570
And so a small number 
of exchanges

412
00:17:51,670 --> 00:17:53,906
from Shackleford, for example,

413
00:17:54,006 --> 00:17:56,909
will boost the Corolla 
variability very quickly.

414
00:17:57,009 --> 00:18:00,345
The new genes will circulate 
throughout the population

415
00:18:00,446 --> 00:18:02,581
over a few generations.

416
00:18:02,681 --> 00:18:05,050
(narrator) 
The idea here 
is to keep the population

417
00:18:05,150 --> 00:18:06,485
at an optimal level,

418
00:18:06,585 --> 00:18:08,153
both to maintain diversity

419
00:18:08,253 --> 00:18:10,656
and to develop 
and manage a population

420
00:18:10,756 --> 00:18:12,991
similar to that 
established in legislation

421
00:18:13,092 --> 00:18:15,394
that protects 
the Shackleford ponies,

422
00:18:15,494 --> 00:18:19,264
but that proposal is mired 
in congressional limbo.

423
00:18:19,364 --> 00:18:21,867
(McCalpin) 
And that is why 
we've been working so hard

424
00:18:21,967 --> 00:18:23,902
on the Corolla Wild Horses 
Protection Act.

425
00:18:24,002 --> 00:18:27,172
That languages mirrors 
the Shackleford Banks Act,

426
00:18:27,272 --> 00:18:30,609
asks for a minimum herd size 
of 120 to 130,

427
00:18:30,709 --> 00:18:32,511
with never less than 110,

428
00:18:32,611 --> 00:18:35,948
with the added caveat 
that we be able to bring, uh,

429
00:18:36,048 --> 00:18:38,217
a limited amount of mares 
from Shackleford,

430
00:18:38,317 --> 00:18:43,922
and that is the critical step 
that will add new genes

431
00:18:44,022 --> 00:18:47,092
to our dying gene pool, 
and it is dying,

432
00:18:47,192 --> 00:18:49,428
and they will be gone 
in a few generations

433
00:18:49,528 --> 00:18:52,131
if we don't act quickly.

434
00:18:52,231 --> 00:18:53,899
(narrator) 
Meantime, the good work

435
00:18:53,999 --> 00:18:56,802
of Corolla Wild Horse Fund 
continues.

436
00:18:56,902 --> 00:18:58,070
Meet Amadeo,

437
00:18:58,170 --> 00:19:01,406
a 16-year-old stallion 
with an amazing story.

438
00:19:01,507 --> 00:19:03,308
(McCalpin) 
Amadeo's name is, uh,

439
00:19:03,408 --> 00:19:06,311
the Spanish, uh, derivative 
for "blessed by God."

440
00:19:06,411 --> 00:19:09,414
He was in a fight 
with a much younger stallion.

441
00:19:09,515 --> 00:19:11,517
He was already 
missing his right eye,

442
00:19:11,617 --> 00:19:13,685
and horses 
are fight-or-flight animals,

443
00:19:13,785 --> 00:19:15,821
and because 
he was losing the fight,

444
00:19:15,921 --> 00:19:17,623
his only choice was to flee.

445
00:19:17,723 --> 00:19:20,225
But his good eye had been 
damaged in the fight,

446
00:19:20,325 --> 00:19:21,827
and so he was disoriented.

447
00:19:21,927 --> 00:19:23,428
He ran into the ocean.

448
00:19:23,529 --> 00:19:26,031
It was on a day 
we had 10-foot waves

449
00:19:26,131 --> 00:19:27,766
and 30-mile-an-hour winds.

450
00:19:27,866 --> 00:19:30,369
(narrator) 
Amadeo was pulled 
over a mile by the riptide.

451
00:19:30,469 --> 00:19:31,803
He was finally rescued,

452
00:19:31,904 --> 00:19:34,940
but the trauma 
left him completely blind.

453
00:19:35,040 --> 00:19:37,609
[horn accompanies 
delicate piano composition]

454
00:19:37,709 --> 00:19:40,279
♪

455
00:19:40,379 --> 00:19:43,448
Volunteer Mike Gaulding 
is a true horse whisperer.

456
00:19:43,549 --> 00:19:46,752
Amadeo needs to be moved 
to a new facility,

457
00:19:46,852 --> 00:19:49,154
and Mike must earn his trust.

458
00:19:49,254 --> 00:19:57,796
♪

459
00:19:57,896 --> 00:20:00,432
It's fine; 
you're OK.

460
00:20:01,600 --> 00:20:03,001
You're all right.

461
00:20:03,101 --> 00:20:09,041
♪

462
00:20:09,141 --> 00:20:10,409
Calm down.

463
00:20:11,410 --> 00:20:13,011
[whispering] 
That's a good boy.

464
00:20:14,413 --> 00:20:16,215
Nobody's gonna 
hurt you.

465
00:20:16,315 --> 00:20:19,318
♪

466
00:20:19,418 --> 00:20:21,320
(narrator) 
All wild horses 
destined for adoption

467
00:20:21,420 --> 00:20:23,522
must be trained 
to adapt to humans

468
00:20:23,622 --> 00:20:25,390
and are, 
thanks to an affiliation

469
00:20:25,490 --> 00:20:27,226
with the Equine 
Technology program

470
00:20:27,326 --> 00:20:29,328
of Martin Community College.

471
00:20:29,428 --> 00:20:31,196
So the Corolla ponies 
come to us

472
00:20:31,296 --> 00:20:33,165
when they've been 
removed from the beach

473
00:20:33,265 --> 00:20:34,766
or off of the premises.

474
00:20:34,866 --> 00:20:36,435
We basically domesticate them.

475
00:20:36,535 --> 00:20:39,304
They've not been touched; 
they've not been haltered.

476
00:20:39,404 --> 00:20:42,107
They've never been in a stall 
before at that point.

477
00:20:42,207 --> 00:20:46,445
So they come to us, um, 
basically with no education,

478
00:20:46,545 --> 00:20:48,780
and it's pretty appropriate 
that they come to college

479
00:20:48,880 --> 00:20:50,649
because by the time 
they leave here,

480
00:20:50,749 --> 00:20:53,619
they--they have, uh, 
their associates degree.

481
00:20:53,719 --> 00:20:55,220
He's learned how to lunge.

482
00:20:55,320 --> 00:20:56,955
He's learned 
how to line drive.

483
00:20:57,055 --> 00:20:59,725
He also has been ridden 
for the first time,

484
00:20:59,825 --> 00:21:03,228
and he has, um, 
he's done very, very well.

485
00:21:03,328 --> 00:21:05,530
He really likes 
the domesticated life,

486
00:21:05,631 --> 00:21:08,700
and you can see he's-- 
he's quite chubby.

487
00:21:08,800 --> 00:21:10,702
[gentle guitar melody]

488
00:21:10,802 --> 00:21:13,639
(narrator) 
For something like 400 years 
of time and tide,

489
00:21:13,739 --> 00:21:15,007
these Banker horses--

490
00:21:15,107 --> 00:21:17,576
call 'em ponies if you want; 
they don't care--

491
00:21:17,676 --> 00:21:19,144
they've been 
nourishing themselves

492
00:21:19,244 --> 00:21:22,014
on sea oats and wild grasses 
around the dunes,

493
00:21:22,114 --> 00:21:25,450
in the maritime forest, 
and sound-side marshes.

494
00:21:25,550 --> 00:21:27,152
We put 'em there,

495
00:21:27,252 --> 00:21:29,821
and now it's our collective 
responsibility

496
00:21:29,921 --> 00:21:34,660
to make sure their descendents 
not only survive but thrive--

497
00:21:34,760 --> 00:21:39,264
a whole lot of wonder... 
and a little bit of wild

498
00:21:39,364 --> 00:21:41,867
on the thin edge of our coast.

499
00:21:41,967 --> 00:21:43,969
♪

500
00:21:45,671 --> 00:21:48,240
[horn leads 
solemn orchestration]

501
00:21:48,340 --> 00:21:58,250
♪

502
00:21:58,350 --> 00:22:01,353
(man) 
I never knew they had a name 
for collecting flags.

503
00:22:01,453 --> 00:22:03,155
I just said I collected flags.

504
00:22:03,255 --> 00:22:05,991
I was doing a flag program 
up in Shelby one time,

505
00:22:06,091 --> 00:22:07,426
and the pastor said,

506
00:22:07,526 --> 00:22:09,494
"Well, we have somebody 
different with us today,

507
00:22:09,594 --> 00:22:11,363
we have a vexillologist," 
and I thought,

508
00:22:11,463 --> 00:22:13,098
"Good, I'm not 
doin' the program."

509
00:22:13,198 --> 00:22:14,533
Then I found out

510
00:22:14,633 --> 00:22:16,868
a vexillologist was 
a person who collects flags.

511
00:22:16,968 --> 00:22:19,638
I tried countin' 
when I was up in the attic.

512
00:22:19,738 --> 00:22:21,807
I've just got up to too many.

513
00:22:21,907 --> 00:22:24,343
I must have 
a little over a hundred.

514
00:22:24,443 --> 00:22:26,611
I felt that I wasn't 
given these flags

515
00:22:26,712 --> 00:22:29,748
just to let 'em sit 
packed away in a cedar chest.

516
00:22:29,848 --> 00:22:32,584
Take it and use it; 
that's what they're for,

517
00:22:32,684 --> 00:22:34,186
try and promote our country,

518
00:22:34,286 --> 00:22:36,188
and that's basically 
what I'm doing.

519
00:22:36,288 --> 00:22:39,691
This is known 
as the Taunton flag--

520
00:22:39,791 --> 00:22:41,293
Taunton, Massachusetts,

521
00:22:41,393 --> 00:22:44,830
which was the place where 
the British had a stronghold.

522
00:22:44,930 --> 00:22:47,366
Colonists met 
under a big oak tree

523
00:22:47,466 --> 00:22:50,469
to show their defiance 
of the British rule, uh.

524
00:22:50,569 --> 00:22:52,204
The British 
cut down the tree,

525
00:22:52,304 --> 00:22:53,939
figurin' that would 
stop their meetings.

526
00:22:54,039 --> 00:22:55,807
They took the British flag

527
00:22:55,907 --> 00:22:57,876
and wrote liberty and union 
across the bottom,

528
00:22:57,976 --> 00:23:00,479
stuck it up on a pole, 
and kept right on

529
00:23:00,579 --> 00:23:02,647
with their opposition 
to the British government.

530
00:23:04,116 --> 00:23:06,918
As our country grew, 
this flag became very popular,

531
00:23:07,018 --> 00:23:08,787
and it's called 
the Grand Union flag.

532
00:23:08,887 --> 00:23:11,289
George Washington was 
inaugurated under this flag.

533
00:23:11,390 --> 00:23:13,358
If he was standing up 
in the boat,

534
00:23:13,458 --> 00:23:14,726
crossing the Delaware,

535
00:23:14,826 --> 00:23:16,461
he shoulda been 
carrying this flag,

536
00:23:16,561 --> 00:23:18,063
not the Betsy Ross flag.

537
00:23:18,163 --> 00:23:20,465
It paid tribute 
to the two countries

538
00:23:20,565 --> 00:23:23,168
being formed 
into one grand union.

539
00:23:23,268 --> 00:23:27,172
♪

540
00:23:27,272 --> 00:23:30,342
Congress proposed and approved 
an amendment, which said,

541
00:23:30,442 --> 00:23:33,345
The flag of the United States 
shall be 13 stripes,

542
00:23:33,445 --> 00:23:35,080
alternating 
red and white,

543
00:23:35,180 --> 00:23:38,583
and 13 stars, 
white on a blue field,

544
00:23:38,683 --> 00:23:40,685
representing 
a new constellation.

545
00:23:40,786 --> 00:23:44,423
And this flag was called 
the Betsy Ross flag.

546
00:23:44,523 --> 00:23:47,359
It's the only flag 
in the world that can change.

547
00:23:47,459 --> 00:23:51,096
As we add another state, 
we put another star.

548
00:23:51,196 --> 00:23:54,166
This is the flag 
that Frances Scott Key saw

549
00:23:54,266 --> 00:23:56,835
when he was on the ship 
in Baltimore Harbor.

550
00:23:56,935 --> 00:23:58,570
He was just 
an apprentice lawyer,

551
00:23:58,670 --> 00:24:00,972
and he was assigned 
the task of negotiating

552
00:24:01,072 --> 00:24:02,774
for the exchange 
of prisoners.

553
00:24:02,874 --> 00:24:04,443
The negotiations broke down,

554
00:24:04,543 --> 00:24:06,945
so he had to stay 
on the ship overnight.

555
00:24:07,045 --> 00:24:08,680
Got up early in the morning,

556
00:24:08,780 --> 00:24:11,283
went up on the deck 
to look at Fort McHenry,

557
00:24:11,383 --> 00:24:13,351
and he saw the flag 
was still flying.

558
00:24:13,452 --> 00:24:16,188
And he was so impressed 
that he wrote, like, a poem,

559
00:24:16,288 --> 00:24:18,256
and it was called 
Th 
e Star-Spangled Banner ,

560
00:24:18,356 --> 00:24:20,859
He designated the flag 
as The Star-Spangled Banner.

561
00:24:20,959 --> 00:24:23,695
Our flag is the only flag 
in the world

562
00:24:23,795 --> 00:24:26,465
that is the subject 
of its national anthem.

563
00:24:26,565 --> 00:24:29,301
[horns and strings playing 
"The Star-Spangled Banner"]

564
00:24:29,401 --> 00:24:32,637
♪

565
00:24:32,737 --> 00:24:34,806
I tried not to collect 
other things,

566
00:24:34,906 --> 00:24:38,143
but I've been given everything 
from beach towels to flags

567
00:24:38,243 --> 00:24:40,278
and everything 
you can think of in between

568
00:24:40,378 --> 00:24:42,180
that has a flag on it.

569
00:24:42,280 --> 00:24:46,084
I don't know how many coasters 
we have around the house...

570
00:24:46,184 --> 00:24:48,553
and pictures on the wall.

571
00:24:48,653 --> 00:24:50,422
The relatives see 
things with a flag,

572
00:24:50,522 --> 00:24:52,157
so they send them to me,

573
00:24:52,257 --> 00:24:54,759
and every room 
seems to have a flag in it.

574
00:24:54,860 --> 00:24:57,262
[sustained string chord]

575
00:24:57,362 --> 00:24:59,264
♪

576
00:24:59,364 --> 00:25:01,132
It's a very old flag.

577
00:25:01,233 --> 00:25:04,769
It's from 1877 to 1880,

578
00:25:04,870 --> 00:25:07,506
and it has 
38 stars.

579
00:25:07,606 --> 00:25:09,374
Originally, 
they were just changing

580
00:25:09,474 --> 00:25:11,243
when a state 
came in the union,

581
00:25:11,343 --> 00:25:14,579
but it became so cumbersome 
because states would come in

582
00:25:14,679 --> 00:25:18,016
and two weeks later, everybody 
wanted their star in the flag,

583
00:25:18,116 --> 00:25:21,553
so they decided to make a rule 
that the flag would not change

584
00:25:21,653 --> 00:25:25,156
until the Fourth of July 
after a state joined the union,

585
00:25:25,257 --> 00:25:27,425
and that's the way 
it still is.

586
00:25:27,526 --> 00:25:29,427
♪

587
00:25:29,528 --> 00:25:31,630
A big part 
of our country's history

588
00:25:31,730 --> 00:25:35,000
was made and recorded 
under this flag.

589
00:25:35,100 --> 00:25:37,636
This flag is 
the longest-flying flag.

590
00:25:37,736 --> 00:25:39,671
It lasted 
for 47 years.

591
00:25:39,771 --> 00:25:42,407
It was the flag 
of World War II

592
00:25:42,507 --> 00:25:44,409
and World War I.

593
00:25:44,509 --> 00:25:47,012
That was when 
I was in high school,

594
00:25:47,112 --> 00:25:50,448
and they put a flag at 
Mount Suribachi at Iwo Jima.

595
00:25:50,549 --> 00:25:52,751
When that happened, 
we were really very proud

596
00:25:52,851 --> 00:25:54,753
they put that flag up there.

597
00:25:54,853 --> 00:25:56,755
♪

598
00:25:56,855 --> 00:26:00,058
We have a country that we 
should be very proud of.

599
00:26:00,158 --> 00:26:03,528
I'm just happy if I can go 
and talk about our flag.

600
00:26:03,628 --> 00:26:06,865
♪

601
00:26:06,965 --> 00:26:08,600
I'm gonna keep 
Gastonia beautiful,

602
00:26:08,700 --> 00:26:11,002
and I believe 
litter is contagious.

603
00:26:11,102 --> 00:26:13,071
If the street 
is partially littered,

604
00:26:13,171 --> 00:26:15,674
you'll see how fast 
it gets to be a mess.

605
00:26:15,774 --> 00:26:17,409
But if somebody picks it up,

606
00:26:17,509 --> 00:26:19,744
nobody will be too quick 
to throw something down,

607
00:26:19,844 --> 00:26:22,213
and that's the way 
patriotism is.

608
00:26:23,582 --> 00:26:26,151
Since I started puttin' 
the flag out here,

609
00:26:26,251 --> 00:26:28,386
I think everybody 
on the street ends up--

610
00:26:28,486 --> 00:26:30,388
has one out on Memorial Day.

611
00:26:30,488 --> 00:26:33,725
They wonder why 
I put mine out so early.

612
00:26:34,993 --> 00:26:36,695
John Andringa,

613
00:26:36,795 --> 00:26:39,297
and I'm known as the Flag Man 
in North Carolina.

614
00:26:39,397 --> 00:26:45,303
♪

615
00:26:47,105 --> 00:26:57,015
♪

616
00:26:57,115 --> 00:27:07,092
♪

617
00:27:07,192 --> 00:27:17,102
♪

618
00:27:17,202 --> 00:27:27,112
♪

619
00:27:27,212 --> 00:27:32,317
♪

620
00:27:32,417 --> 00:27:34,552
Caption Perfect, Inc. 
www.CaptionPerfect.com

621
00:27:34,653 --> 00:27:40,125
♪

622
00:27:40,225 --> 00:27:43,028
(announcer) 
To subscribe 
to Our State magazine,

623
00:27:43,128 --> 00:27:46,865
visit the Web site 
ourstate.com or call...

624
00:27:51,202 --> 00:27:53,672
[strings support 
gentle piano melody]

625
00:27:53,772 --> 00:27:57,275
From the time BB&T 
opened its doors in 1872

626
00:27:57,375 --> 00:27:59,077
in the town of Wilson,

627
00:27:59,177 --> 00:28:01,146
we've supported 
the people and communities

628
00:28:01,246 --> 00:28:02,814
of North Carolina

629
00:28:02,914 --> 00:28:05,884
from the Outer Banks 
to the Blue Ridge Mountains.

630
00:28:05,984 --> 00:28:08,787
We've been in business 
for 136 years,

631
00:28:08,887 --> 00:28:11,856
making us the oldest bank 
in North Carolina.

632
00:28:11,956 --> 00:28:13,758
We're proud 
of this distinction,

633
00:28:13,858 --> 00:28:15,660
and we're also very proud

634
00:28:15,760 --> 00:28:17,996
to provide funding 
for Our State .

635
00:28:18,096 --> 00:28:20,498
♪

636
00:28:21,499 --> 00:28:23,501
Quality public television 
is made possible

637
00:28:23,601 --> 00:28:25,003
through the financial 
contributions

638
00:28:25,103 --> 00:28:26,604
of viewers like you,

639
00:28:26,705 --> 00:28:30,175
who invite you to join them 
in supporting UNC-TV.