WEBVTT 00:04.633 --> 00:05.633 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Good evening. 00:05.633 --> 00:07.033 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% I'm Judy Woodruff. 00:07.033 --> 00:09.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% On the "NewsHour" tonight: immigration limbo. 00:09.966 --> 00:14.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Republican lawmakers' attempt today to come up with an immigration fix falls flat, as 00:14.833 --> 00:18.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% children separated from their parents hang in the balance. 00:18.433 --> 00:23.433 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Plus, we continue our reports from the U.S.-Mexico border with a federal judge tasked with deciding 00:25.066 --> 00:27.933 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% the fates of immigrant families. 00:27.933 --> 00:32.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And Making Sense of e-sports -- inside the economics of how the competitive video-gaming 00:34.100 --> 00:36.466 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% world is changing the sports landscape. 00:36.466 --> 00:39.500 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JASON LAKE, Founder, compLexity Gaming: The beautiful thing about e-sports and about gaming 00:39.500 --> 00:43.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% is, you don't have to be 6'3'' and 220 to have a shot. 00:43.600 --> 00:46.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% You don't have to be 6'9'' to dunk. 00:46.133 --> 00:49.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Anybody can come, male, female, any race, any gender. 00:49.066 --> 00:53.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% As long as you have some basic physical functionality, it's a level playing field. 00:53.333 --> 00:58.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: All that and more on tonight's "PBS NewsHour." 01:01.300 --> 01:04.200 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% (BREAK) 01:04.200 --> 01:09.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Immigration and the plight of separated families remain topic A tonight 01:13.966 --> 01:17.033 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% in Washington and at the U.S. southern border. 01:17.033 --> 01:22.033 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% But Republicans are still divided over how to change immigration law, and more than 2,300 01:23.500 --> 01:27.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% children are still being held separately from their parents. 01:27.433 --> 01:30.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Congressional correspondent Lisa Desjardins begins our coverage. 01:30.433 --> 01:35.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: Mixed reactions came from across the country today, after President 01:35.033 --> 01:37.866 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Trump's reversal on family separations. 01:37.866 --> 01:42.100 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% From protesters in Milwaukee, angry that entire families will be detained. 01:42.100 --> 01:45.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% WOMAN: This has long term, devastated effects. 01:45.000 --> 01:49.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: To a sense of relief from undocumented immigrants staying in a private 01:49.533 --> 01:51.566 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% shelter in McAllen Texas. 01:51.566 --> 01:56.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% WOMAN (through translator): This is good news for the Hispanic community, because no one 01:56.233 --> 01:59.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% has the right to separate children from their parents. 01:59.466 --> 02:03.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Seeing so many kids crying and asking for their moms was simply unfair. 02:03.233 --> 02:07.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: From the White House came a new outreach on the issue. 02:07.433 --> 02:12.433 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% First lady Melania Trump made a surprise visit to McAllen today, touring facilities holding 02:14.300 --> 02:17.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% unaccompanied minors, including a few who were separated from parents a result of her 02:18.933 --> 02:20.533 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% husband's immigration crackdown at the border. 02:20.533 --> 02:21.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% MELANIA TRUMP, First Lady: Very happy and they love to study. 02:21.533 --> 02:24.166 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% And I love to go to school. 02:24.166 --> 02:29.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And I would also like to ask you how I can help to these children to reunite with their 02:33.400 --> 02:35.333 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% families. 02:35.333 --> 02:38.000 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: The first lady decision's to wear a jacket while leaving Washington 02:38.000 --> 02:42.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% today, with writing on the back that said "I don't really care, do you?" 02:42.833 --> 02:44.533 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% prompted questions. 02:44.533 --> 02:47.966 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% But her spokesperson maintained that there was no hidden message. 02:47.966 --> 02:52.500 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% On her trip, Mrs. Trump was joined by Alex Azar, secretary of Health and Human Services, 02:52.500 --> 02:56.866 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% the department tasked with overseeing the children after they're apprehended by Border 02:56.866 --> 02:58.966 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% Patrol. 02:58.966 --> 03:02.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% An HHS official confirmed that, for now, children separated from parents are still going to 03:04.166 --> 03:07.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% foster care homes and facilities all across the country. 03:07.066 --> 03:09.100 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% As for President Trump: 03:09.100 --> 03:10.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% DONALD TRUMP, President of the United States: We don't want to have children separated from 03:10.233 --> 03:12.200 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% their parents. 03:12.200 --> 03:14.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: He defended his actions in a Cabinet meeting today, but seemed to give 03:14.533 --> 03:19.066 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% conflicting statements on whether families would stay together, saying both this: 03:19.066 --> 03:23.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% DONALD TRUMP: I signed a very good executive order yesterday, but that's only limited. 03:23.733 --> 03:27.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% No matter how you cut it, it leads to separation, ultimately. 03:27.933 --> 03:29.933 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: And this: 03:29.933 --> 03:33.966 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% DONALD TRUMP: I'm directing HHS, DHS, and DOJ to work together to keep illegal immigrant 03:35.966 --> 03:40.600 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% families together during the immigration process and to reunite these previously separated 03:42.933 --> 03:45.333 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% groups. 03:45.333 --> 03:48.133 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: U.S. Customs and Border Protection stated today that it would now attempt to 03:48.133 --> 03:53.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% keep families together, but detained, as it continues to refer for prosecution adults 03:54.066 --> 03:56.333 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% who cross the border illegally. 03:56.333 --> 04:00.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But people those who deal with the families involved are deeply concerned. 04:00.133 --> 04:04.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% They say the new order ignores those already separated. 04:04.000 --> 04:05.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Sergio Garcia is a public defender in Texas. 04:05.933 --> 04:07.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% SERGIO GARCIA, Pardon Attorney: To me, it doesn't mean anything. 04:07.833 --> 04:11.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And for my clients, it doesn't mean anything. 04:11.133 --> 04:15.600 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: "NewsHour" talked with Garcia about the more than 2,300 children separated 04:15.600 --> 04:20.566 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% from their families, asking, what is the chance that their parents will ever see them again? 04:20.566 --> 04:23.700 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% SERGIO GARCIA: I think it's almost none. 04:23.700 --> 04:28.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And the reason why I feel like that is because there is -- as you probably know, parents 04:31.533 --> 04:35.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% who come and ask questions about asylum, who ask questions about immigration, they're being 04:35.700 --> 04:38.266 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% detained right now. 04:38.266 --> 04:41.700 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% They're being turned away people who are actually seeking information, like asylum information, 04:41.700 --> 04:43.000 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% which is a right that they have. 04:43.000 --> 04:44.866 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% They have a right to make that claim. 04:44.866 --> 04:47.133 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% So, I would say zero. 04:47.133 --> 04:51.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: Still in question, the legality of the president's executive order. 04:51.566 --> 04:56.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The Department of Justice today asked a federal judge to change the rules governing the process 04:58.533 --> 05:01.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% and all what families who enter the country illegally to be held indefinitely, for longer 05:01.833 --> 05:06.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% than the current 20 days, in an effort to keep them together. 05:06.666 --> 05:11.666 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Meanwhile, in the legislative branch, the House of Representatives voted down one conservative 05:13.633 --> 05:16.300 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% immigration proposal and delayed a vote until tomorrow on a Republican compromise that would 05:16.300 --> 05:20.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% make the president's new policy of detaining families together permanent. 05:20.200 --> 05:25.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And, Judy, that compromise bill doesn't just deal with the topic of child separation, but 05:27.700 --> 05:30.233 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% also a possible path to citizenship for dreamers, those kids brought here legally as children, 05:31.600 --> 05:34.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and also money for the border wall for the president. 05:34.133 --> 05:35.733 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: So, Lisa, tell us more about what's going on behind the scenes at the Capitol. 05:35.733 --> 05:37.233 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% You have been there. 05:37.233 --> 05:39.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% I know you spent today all day today, yesterday there. 05:39.500 --> 05:43.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Why are they having such a hard time coming together on this immigration issue? 05:43.133 --> 05:46.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: Well, I think we see the classic divide the Republican Party has had 05:46.233 --> 05:48.366 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% for a long time now. 05:48.366 --> 05:52.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% This movement of this big vote until tomorrow tells us two main things, Judy. 05:52.333 --> 05:56.366 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% It tells us that, one, they do not have the votes for this compromise tonight, but, two, 05:56.366 --> 05:59.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% that they think they might get them by tomorrow. 05:59.366 --> 06:02.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Key in this will be the conservative Freedom Caucus. 06:02.200 --> 06:07.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% However, they feel like there is some conservative momentum, a move toward limiting immigration 06:08.266 --> 06:10.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% more than this compromise bill does. 06:10.300 --> 06:14.300 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Now, if this compromise bill fails tomorrow, that means that attention turns to the Senate 06:15.766 --> 06:18.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and a possible narrower solution for this child separation issue. 06:18.533 --> 06:21.233 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% I think, overall, Judy, in the past two days, it's been so wild. 06:21.233 --> 06:26.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Today, the joke at the Capitol was it felt like and really was the longest day of the 06:26.700 --> 06:28.733 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% year. 06:28.733 --> 06:31.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: But it sounds like they're not close to pulling this off, to coming to 06:31.333 --> 06:32.333 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% an agreement. 06:32.333 --> 06:34.033 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: Unclear. 06:34.033 --> 06:36.066 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% This compromise bill has a chance tomorrow, but it's still uphill. 06:36.066 --> 06:40.000 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Very quickly, the jacket the first lady wore today got some attention. 06:40.000 --> 06:41.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% You talked about it had a message. 06:41.500 --> 06:45.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Or it sad on the back, the style, "I don't care, do you?" 06:45.433 --> 06:48.800 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The White House said no hidden message, but the president's been tweeting about it. 06:48.800 --> 06:50.800 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% LISA DESJARDINS: Well, apparently, it was an open message. 06:50.800 --> 06:54.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The tweeted just a minute ago, that the jacket that that phrase, "I really don't dare, do 06:54.166 --> 06:55.166 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% you?" 06:55.166 --> 06:57.300 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% refers to the fake news media. 06:57.300 --> 07:02.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He tweeted that Melania Trump is showing that she no longer cares about the media and what 07:02.733 --> 07:03.700 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% the media says. 07:03.700 --> 07:05.233 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% So, maybe not a hidden message. 07:05.233 --> 07:07.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% The president says it was a message about the media. 07:07.166 --> 07:08.366 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Interesting. 07:08.366 --> 07:09.433 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% From different than what her office had said. 07:09.433 --> 07:11.400 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: That's right. 07:11.400 --> 07:12.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Yes, they did -- they said there was no message, essentially, there was no implication. 07:12.833 --> 07:14.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% JUDY WOODRUFF: Lisa Desjardins, thank you. 07:14.633 --> 07:16.700 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% LISA DESJARDINS: You're welcome. 07:16.700 --> 07:20.100 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% JUDY WOODRUFF: And we will have a conversation with an immigration judge near the border 07:20.100 --> 07:23.200 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% in Texas after the news summary. 07:23.200 --> 07:27.666 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% In the day's other news: The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states may legally force 07:27.666 --> 07:32.666 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% online shoppers to pay sales tax; the 5-to-4 decision overturned two longstanding precedents 07:34.266 --> 07:38.600 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% that allowed online retailers not to collect sales tax in many cases. 07:38.600 --> 07:42.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% A number of states argued that, as a result, they have been losing billions of dollars 07:42.933 --> 07:45.000 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% in revenue each year. 07:45.000 --> 07:49.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% In Israel, the wife of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu was charged with fraud today. 07:52.133 --> 07:55.333 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Sara Netanyahu is accused of using some $100,000 in public funds to pay for meals from restaurants 07:57.933 --> 07:59.866 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% and celebrity chefs. 07:59.866 --> 08:03.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Her lawyers call the charges -- quote -- "baseless and delusional." 08:03.033 --> 08:08.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The prime minister also faces a series of corruption investigations. 08:09.933 --> 08:13.900 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Turkey is headed toward a crucial election Sunday and the president today appealed for 08:13.900 --> 08:15.533 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% support. 08:15.533 --> 08:19.900 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% Recep Tayyip Erdogan wants a new term with greatly expanded powers. 08:21.933 --> 08:25.066 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% Early voting is already under way, but polls show the presidential and parliamentary races 08:25.666 --> 08:27.100 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% are tightening. 08:27.100 --> 08:30.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Erdogan's opponents are warning against one-man rule. 08:30.866 --> 08:35.866 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Back in this country, the Trump administration proposed merging the U.S. Departments of Education 08:36.466 --> 08:38.933 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% and Labor. 08:38.933 --> 08:42.166 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Budget Director Mick Mulvaney spoke at today's Cabinet meeting, and laid out an extensive 08:42.166 --> 08:44.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% plan for reorganizing the government. 08:44.733 --> 08:49.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He called for creating a single Department of Education and the Work Force. 08:49.133 --> 08:51.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% MICK MULVANEY, White House Budget Director: We think that makes tremendous sense, because 08:51.566 --> 08:52.700 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% what are they both doing? 08:52.700 --> 08:54.200 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% They're doing the same thing. 08:54.200 --> 08:56.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% They're trying to get people ready for the work force. 08:56.000 --> 08:57.200 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Sometimes, it's education. 08:57.200 --> 08:59.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Sometimes, it's vocational training. 08:59.300 --> 09:02.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But they're all doing the same thing, so why not put them in the same place? 09:02.166 --> 09:07.166 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: The plan also would create a single food safety agency, among other changes. 09:08.566 --> 09:10.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Many of them will first need congressional approval. 09:10.666 --> 09:15.633 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% The U.S. House of Representatives narrowly approved a new farm bill today that sets tougher 09:16.833 --> 09:18.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% work requirements for food stamp recipients. 09:18.633 --> 09:23.633 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% The larger bill renews a broad array of crop and nutrition programs. 09:25.533 --> 09:28.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% It now moves to the Senate, which favors a more modest measure without the tougher food 09:28.400 --> 09:30.766 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% stamp provisions. 09:30.766 --> 09:35.133 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% The CEO of technology company Intel has resigned over a consensual relationship with an employee. 09:37.733 --> 09:42.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The company said that Brian Krzanich violated its non-fraternization policy. 09:43.500 --> 09:44.966 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% It gave no details. 09:44.966 --> 09:48.066 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Krzanich joined Intel in 1982. 09:48.066 --> 09:51.700 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% He became CEO in 2013. 09:51.700 --> 09:54.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Trade tensions again kept Wall Street on edge today. 09:54.600 --> 09:59.600 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% The Dow Jones industrial average lost 196 points to close at 24461. 10:01.566 --> 10:06.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% The Nasdaq fell 68 points, and the S&P 500 slipped 17. 10:07.766 --> 10:10.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% From New Zealand today, word of a happy arrival. 10:10.400 --> 10:13.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern gave birth to a baby girl. 10:13.900 --> 10:18.900 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Later, she posted a picture with her seven-pound newborn alongside her partner, Clarke Gayford. 10:20.833 --> 10:25.500 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The late Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto was the only other world leader to 10:25.500 --> 10:28.400 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% give birth while in office. 10:28.400 --> 10:33.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And on a sadder note, Koko, the famed gorilla who knew sign language, has died at a preserve 10:34.266 --> 10:36.333 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% in California. 10:36.333 --> 10:40.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% She was born at the San Francisco Zoo, and learned to sign as part of a project with 10:40.400 --> 10:42.533 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% Stanford University. 10:42.533 --> 10:47.066 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Her capacity to communicate and show emotion gained renown, and was featured in documentaries. 10:48.833 --> 10:51.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Koko the gorilla was 46 years old. 10:51.966 --> 10:56.933 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Still to come on the "NewsHour": how the immigration debate is playing out in court; Navajos seek 10:58.833 --> 11:03.666 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% to draw new political lines by rewriting the election map; and much more. 11:15.700 --> 11:20.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Now: one judge's take on the immigration debate and how the Trump administration's family 11:23.366 --> 11:26.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% separation policy has been playing out in his courtroom. 11:26.866 --> 11:31.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Amna Nawaz sat down earlier today with Judge Robert Brack. 11:31.500 --> 11:35.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% He's a federal district judge based in Las Cruces, New Mexico. 11:35.133 --> 11:38.800 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: The vast majority of the work you do here, of the cases you see in your 11:38.800 --> 11:40.900 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% courtroom deal with immigration. 11:40.900 --> 11:44.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% You have a front-row seat to how the changes in policy affect what you do. 11:44.700 --> 11:49.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% You said it looks like we're in the death throes of a system that's been on life support 11:49.033 --> 11:50.033 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% way too long. 11:50.033 --> 11:52.033 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% What did you mean by that? 11:52.033 --> 11:54.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDGE ROBERT BRACK U.S. District Court of New Mexico: So, I think we all agree and have 11:54.133 --> 11:58.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% for many years that our immigration system is broken. 11:58.733 --> 12:03.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And as heartbreaking as this crisis along the border was this last couple of weeks, 12:06.200 --> 12:10.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% a guy that shows up here every day and does this every day has to find hope somewhere. 12:10.566 --> 12:15.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And I'm thinking, I'm hoping that maybe the moral outrage associated with what's happened 12:18.900 --> 12:23.900 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% will be the thing that finally -- the catalyst that finally makes us look hard at this immigration 12:25.066 --> 12:27.933 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% system that we all agree needs to be fixed. 12:27.933 --> 12:32.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And if that's the case, then this was the last gasp, you know, of that system, and maybe 12:34.833 --> 12:38.466 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% we can replace it with something that makes sense, that's humane and compassionate, and 12:39.900 --> 12:44.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% still addresses our security needs and our labor needs. 12:44.200 --> 12:48.466 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: Most federal judges, I think, don't speak out about these kinds of things, 12:48.466 --> 12:51.700 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% it's fair to say, but you have been writing letters over the years. 12:51.700 --> 12:54.000 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% You wrote one first in 2010 to President Obama. 12:54.000 --> 12:56.966 align:left position:30%,start line:83% size:60% You have written many since then. 12:56.966 --> 12:58.233 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% Why? 12:58.233 --> 13:00.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Why are you talking about this right now? 13:00.400 --> 13:03.733 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% JUDGE ROBERT BRACK: I'm not comfortable doing it, and I never set out to be the spokesman 13:03.733 --> 13:07.533 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% for the federal judiciary on this issue. 13:07.533 --> 13:12.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And the fact is, judges have a constitutional lane that they need to stay in, and I'm trying 13:13.266 --> 13:15.333 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% to be sensitive to that. 13:15.333 --> 13:19.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% I have been promised, we as a nation have been promised immigration reform ever since 13:20.300 --> 13:22.833 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% I have been here, 15 years. 13:22.833 --> 13:23.866 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% Fits and starts. 13:23.866 --> 13:25.800 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% Never has happened. 13:25.800 --> 13:30.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% In my view, I am just reporting back from the front lines about what I see and what 13:31.733 --> 13:35.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% I know and how I experience the immigration problem. 13:35.033 --> 13:40.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And I'm hopeful that this information that I'm providing will inform a debate that will 13:40.933 --> 13:43.000 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% finally happen. 13:43.000 --> 13:46.100 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: No other federal judge comes close to your sentencing record, right? 13:46.100 --> 13:51.100 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Over the last five years, I was reading that basically you sentenced nearly 6,000 defendants 13:52.133 --> 13:54.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% for felony immigration violations. 13:54.733 --> 13:58.833 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% And your critics will say you are then sending them back to the same system they were fleeing, 13:59.900 --> 14:01.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% which is not necessarily compassionate. 14:01.233 --> 14:03.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% They say that that will be your legacy. 14:03.633 --> 14:04.900 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% What do you say to that? 14:04.900 --> 14:06.866 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% JUDGE ROBERT BRACK: Well, you know what? 14:06.866 --> 14:08.966 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% There's some truth in that. 14:08.966 --> 14:12.866 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% As a federal district judge, I'm the only one down here that can sentence the people 14:12.866 --> 14:14.933 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% that come before me. 14:14.933 --> 14:19.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And I guess I could say, as some of my critics have recently said, if I'm conflicted in this 14:20.700 --> 14:22.733 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% way, I should quit. 14:22.733 --> 14:27.600 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Well, maybe there's some credence to that thought, but here's the thing. 14:28.700 --> 14:31.333 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% If I'm not sitting here, somebody else is. 14:31.333 --> 14:33.066 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And those people are going to be sentenced. 14:33.066 --> 14:36.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% This system is -- it's a monster that has to be fed every day. 14:36.533 --> 14:40.866 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: There's been so much attention paid to the family separation policy. 14:40.866 --> 14:45.000 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% And there is also a lot of conversation now that the president has issued orders for that 14:45.000 --> 14:48.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to end, that that crisis is now sort of behind us. 14:48.633 --> 14:51.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Do you believe that it is, based on what you have seen in your courtroom? 14:51.533 --> 14:56.533 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% JUDGE ROBERT BRACK: So, I have seen an uptick in cases involving families separated at the 14:58.566 --> 15:02.200 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% border in the last 30 days. 15:02.200 --> 15:05.066 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And I hope that I don't see those anymore. 15:05.066 --> 15:10.066 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Obviously, there's an issue of how to reunite the 2,000 kids and their families, you know, 15:10.933 --> 15:14.033 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% their parents, in the meantime. 15:14.033 --> 15:16.100 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Do I think that's going to be the end of it? 15:16.100 --> 15:20.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% I have seen -- as I said, we have had fits and starts with this immigration problem for 15:22.333 --> 15:23.866 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% a long time. 15:23.866 --> 15:26.066 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And if it's not this, it's something else. 15:26.066 --> 15:31.066 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% The family separation I'm talking about -- and it is most heartbreaking -- is the folks that 15:34.833 --> 15:39.066 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% have been here for 10 years or 20 years. 15:39.066 --> 15:40.633 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% We had one today 30 years. 15:40.633 --> 15:44.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% They have lived here, you know, most of their lives. 15:44.300 --> 15:46.400 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% No criminal history. 15:46.400 --> 15:50.300 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% They have felt so comfortable under the prior system, the prior non-criminal prosecution 15:52.133 --> 15:55.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% system, that they put down roots here. 15:55.633 --> 16:00.666 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And they have American citizen children and they have American citizen wives in many cases. 16:02.033 --> 16:04.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And I preside over a process that tears them apart. 16:04.500 --> 16:07.000 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% I'm a husband and a father. 16:07.000 --> 16:11.066 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% And I'm saying to another husband and father just across the bench from me, you can't ever 16:12.066 --> 16:16.033 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% live with your family again. 16:16.033 --> 16:19.333 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And I thought, what must it be like to hear those words? 16:19.333 --> 16:23.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Because I can't imagine hearing -- have someone else tell those words -- say those words to 16:23.766 --> 16:25.100 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% me. 16:25.100 --> 16:30.100 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And I just -- it's heartbreaking. 16:31.666 --> 16:35.800 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% And if it doesn't break your heart, then, well, you don't get it. 16:37.200 --> 16:39.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: Judge Brack, thank you so much for your time. 16:39.566 --> 16:41.066 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% JUDGE ROBERT BRACK: My pleasure. 16:41.066 --> 16:45.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Amna joins us now from near the border. 16:45.266 --> 16:48.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Amna, that was such a powerful interview with the judge. 16:48.700 --> 16:51.066 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% You were in his courtroom this morning. 16:51.066 --> 16:53.600 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% You spent some time watching him work. 16:53.600 --> 16:55.566 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Tell us about what you saw. 16:55.566 --> 16:59.866 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: Yes, Judy, we spent about an hour-and-a-half with him earlier today. 16:59.866 --> 17:04.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Just to give you a sense of how these things generally work, proceedings began at about 17:04.033 --> 17:05.033 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% 8:45. 17:05.033 --> 17:07.100 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% They wrapped up by 10:20. 17:07.100 --> 17:11.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% In that time, 13 cases were heard by Judge Brack, all men, except for one woman. 17:13.066 --> 17:15.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% That, by the way, is considered a light day here in the district court. 17:15.533 --> 17:19.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% To give you a sense of what it looks like, all the defendants were there in colorful 17:19.133 --> 17:21.200 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% jumpsuits. 17:21.200 --> 17:23.466 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% Those are -- they have been issued in detention and in county jail, wherever they're being 17:23.466 --> 17:24.600 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% held. 17:24.600 --> 17:25.766 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% They're all handcuffed at the wrist. 17:25.766 --> 17:28.000 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% They're all shackled at the ankles. 17:28.000 --> 17:30.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And what stood out to me really was what they had in common. 17:30.300 --> 17:35.000 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% None of the people presented before Judge Brack today had any kind of criminal history 17:35.000 --> 17:39.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% prior to the criminal conviction that led them to Judge Brack's courtroom today, that 17:39.733 --> 17:41.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% being an immigration-related case. 17:41.666 --> 17:44.666 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But, of course, it's the details in all of these stories that really stick out to you 17:44.666 --> 17:46.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% that separate these stories from one another. 17:46.966 --> 17:48.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% I will share some of those with you right now. 17:48.566 --> 17:50.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% We're not allowed to report inside the courtroom. 17:50.000 --> 17:51.500 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% I did take extensive notes. 17:51.500 --> 17:53.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% But there was a 19-year-old young man from Guatemala. 17:53.533 --> 17:57.500 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He had tried twice to enter the United States, both times unsuccessfully. 17:57.500 --> 18:01.500 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He was apprehended held for 35 days, is now being deported to Guatemala. 18:01.500 --> 18:03.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% There was a young mother from Honduras. 18:03.500 --> 18:07.866 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% She left behind four children with her sister there to come to the States and work. 18:07.866 --> 18:11.666 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And she was doing so for the last six years in Atlanta before she was apprehended, is 18:11.666 --> 18:13.900 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% now being sent back to Honduras. 18:13.900 --> 18:18.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And there was also, finally, Judy, a 27-year-old man from Mexico who came to the U.S. when 18:18.733 --> 18:20.800 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% he was just 7 years old. 18:20.800 --> 18:25.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He lived here for 20 years, went to school here, started working here, earning for his 18:26.233 --> 18:28.333 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% family. 18:28.333 --> 18:31.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He went back to get married and then illegally with his wife, who is now four months pregnant. 18:31.533 --> 18:36.200 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% They are both now being prosecuted and will be deported back to Mexico. 18:36.200 --> 18:38.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Judge Brack today said he is trying to do everything he can to make sure they're at 18:38.933 --> 18:40.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% least going to be both deported together -- Judy. 18:40.966 --> 18:42.666 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% JUDY WOODRUFF: Wow. 18:42.666 --> 18:45.300 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% One can understand how he's developed some strong views on this. 18:45.300 --> 18:50.266 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So, Amna, we heard him refer to the fact that there's this unanswered question about how 18:50.266 --> 18:54.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% these children who have been separated from their parents are going to be pulled back 18:54.233 --> 18:56.333 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% together. 18:56.333 --> 18:59.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And I should say, as I ask you this, we just have learned in the last hour or so that the 18:59.333 --> 19:04.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% attorney general, Jeff Sessions, said in an interview today that it wasn't the intention 19:06.300 --> 19:10.800 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% of the Trump administration to separate families, to separate out the children. 19:12.733 --> 19:15.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But what do we know at this point about how that process is going to happen? 19:15.233 --> 19:19.500 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: Well, it may not have been the intention, but I guess anyone who is familiar 19:19.500 --> 19:23.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% with the law would tell you that that was sort of an inevitable consequence, that any 19:23.033 --> 19:26.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% parent or guardian who is being prosecuted would inevitably have the children they are 19:26.633 --> 19:28.566 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% caring for separated from them. 19:28.566 --> 19:32.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% I will share with you one story that came up in the final minutes of the docket here 19:32.166 --> 19:33.166 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% in Judge Brack's courtroom. 19:33.166 --> 19:34.300 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% It was a man named Federico. 19:34.300 --> 19:35.633 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% He's from Guatemala. 19:35.633 --> 19:37.366 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% He's 51 years old. 19:37.366 --> 19:39.366 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% He and his son came together. 19:39.366 --> 19:43.200 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% And when they were apprehended, his son was forcibly taken from him. 19:43.200 --> 19:45.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% He's been held for 38 days in government custody. 19:45.833 --> 19:47.333 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% The father has. 19:47.333 --> 19:48.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And I had a chance to speak with his public defender. 19:48.833 --> 19:53.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% In all of that time, he has not had contact with his son once. 19:53.300 --> 19:55.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Most of the time, he didn't even know where his son was. 19:55.633 --> 20:00.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The lawyer was able to show me 60 pages -- that is 6-0 pages -- of e-mails in which she and 20:02.600 --> 20:05.000 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% other people on her staff, other immigration lawyers they're working with, have been trying 20:05.000 --> 20:08.100 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% to navigate the government system to figure out where the son is. 20:08.100 --> 20:12.100 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Can they set up at least a phone call at the very least between the son and the father? 20:12.100 --> 20:16.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So, I called around to some public defenders who tried to figure out, is this normal, is 20:16.233 --> 20:18.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% this kind of thing happening a lot? 20:18.233 --> 20:22.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% I asked one public defender in another region along the border, what's your success rate 20:22.166 --> 20:24.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% of reunification with parents and kids who are separate? 20:24.766 --> 20:27.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And I was told that is right now zero percent. 20:27.233 --> 20:31.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Another one said to me that this happens all the time, because here's the thing, Judy. 20:31.400 --> 20:36.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% There are still 2,300 children in government custody who were forcibly separated from their 20:36.900 --> 20:38.166 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% parents. 20:38.166 --> 20:40.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And the children are now in a separate system. 20:40.233 --> 20:43.800 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The parents are being moved through the criminal system at such a pace that they are being 20:43.800 --> 20:48.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% prosecuted and deported oftentimes before they have had any chance to make contact with 20:50.866 --> 20:52.866 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% their kids, and they don't know when or if they will be able to again -- Judy. 20:52.866 --> 20:57.266 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Amna Nawaz reporting from close to the border, every one a human story. 20:57.266 --> 21:00.000 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% Thank you, Amna. 21:00.000 --> 21:04.200 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% The forcible separation of children from their parents at the U.S. southern border has focused 21:04.200 --> 21:08.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% attention on the conditions of the detention of all young immigrants. 21:08.566 --> 21:13.566 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% And now John Yang reports that there are troubling allegations about one facility housing immigrant 21:14.300 --> 21:16.366 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% teens in Virginia. 21:16.366 --> 21:20.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JOHN YANG: Judy, today Virginia Governor Ralph Northam launched an investigation into claims 21:22.133 --> 21:25.300 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% of severe physical abuse of immigrant teenagers at a juvenile detention facility near Staunton, 21:26.866 --> 21:29.000 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% Virginia. 21:29.000 --> 21:32.466 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Northam acted just hours after the Associated Press reported the claims made by immigrants 21:32.466 --> 21:35.333 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% sent to the facility by U.S. authorities. 21:35.333 --> 21:40.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% One of the reporters who broke the story joins us now, Michael Biesecker, an AP investigative 21:40.933 --> 21:42.166 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% reporter. 21:42.166 --> 21:43.700 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Michael, thank you very much for joining us. 21:43.700 --> 21:45.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% MICHAEL BIESECKER, Associated Press: Good to be with you. 21:45.766 --> 21:47.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JOHN YANG: First of all, tell us who these young people are in this facility and how 21:47.433 --> 21:49.533 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% they got there. 21:49.533 --> 21:53.500 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% MICHAEL BIESECKER: Well, the six sworn statements that were filed as part of this lawsuit were 21:55.566 --> 21:58.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% from mostly kids from Central America and Mexico who crossed the border as unaccompanied 22:00.800 --> 22:04.300 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% minors and then were picked up by immigration authorities and put into the system under 22:04.300 --> 22:09.300 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% the Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Refugee Resettlement, which essentially 22:11.300 --> 22:14.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% puts these kids in shelters, in facilities that will house them while their immigration 22:16.733 --> 22:20.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% cases, often, you know, seeking refugee status, wind their way through immigration courts, 22:21.400 --> 22:23.400 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% which can take years. 22:23.400 --> 22:26.666 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JOHN YANG: And so these are similar to the children who have been forcibly removed from 22:26.666 --> 22:30.533 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% their parents along the border in the last few weeks, but not the same. 22:30.533 --> 22:35.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% MICHAEL BIESECKER: This lawsuit was filed before the zero tolerance policy was announced 22:36.866 --> 22:39.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% in April separating parents from their children. 22:39.900 --> 22:44.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% However, once those children are in the system now, they are classified as unaccompanied 22:44.033 --> 22:48.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% minors, and could end up at some of these same facilities, which is why we were looking 22:48.700 --> 22:50.733 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% at them. 22:50.733 --> 22:52.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JOHN YANG: And these young people were suspected of being gang members? 22:52.833 --> 22:57.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% MICHAEL BIESECKER: Well, in many cases, they have mental issues that can cause them to 23:00.200 --> 23:05.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% act out, have behavioral problems that may have made it difficult for them to acclimate 23:06.433 --> 23:10.200 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% to being in less secure facilities. 23:10.200 --> 23:15.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So, what a program manager from this facility in Shenandoah Valley, Virginia, testified 23:17.833 --> 23:22.000 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% to before Congress back in April was that many of the kids that are labeled as being 23:22.000 --> 23:27.000 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% gang members, potentially violent criminals, they get them to the facility, they screen 23:28.966 --> 23:31.666 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% them, and they find out that they may not be gang members, they may not have created 23:31.666 --> 23:33.633 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% crimes. 23:33.633 --> 23:37.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% They may just be young people who have some behavioral issues that need to be treated. 23:37.033 --> 23:40.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JOHN YANG: And what were the allegations that they made about their treatment? 23:40.766 --> 23:45.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% MICHAEL BIESECKER: They're pretty severe and consistent between the six statements. 23:47.666 --> 23:51.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Several of the children said that they were strapped to what was called a safety chair, 23:51.033 --> 23:55.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% essentially a restraint chair with wheels, that a white bag was placed over their head, 23:55.766 --> 24:00.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and that they were left in there for sometimes days. 24:02.700 --> 24:06.000 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Other teens and children, they ranged in age from 14 to 17, said that they -- their clothes 24:08.033 --> 24:12.800 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% were taken away, and they were confined for days on end to their cells, steel beds, told 24:16.033 --> 24:21.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% that a window where people could see in 24 hours a day, and without their clothes in 24:21.766 --> 24:22.566 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% the Virginia mountains. 24:22.566 --> 24:24.233 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% And it was drafty. 24:24.233 --> 24:27.733 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% JOHN YANG: And these come in a lawsuit that's been filed against them. 24:27.733 --> 24:31.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But you have got corroborating evidence, someone else to tell you the same thing? 24:31.133 --> 24:34.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% MICHAEL BIESECKER: We were able to speak to someone in that facility who had been in that 24:34.933 --> 24:37.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% facility who had met face to face with these kids. 24:37.533 --> 24:42.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And that person reported seeing bruises and in one case broken bones, that, when she asked 24:44.100 --> 24:47.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% what happened, she was told that the guards had assaulted them. 24:47.833 --> 24:52.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And consistently, between the statements, the children said that they would be struck 24:52.400 --> 24:54.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% while they were in restraints, handcuffs and shackles. 24:54.966 --> 24:57.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% JOHN YANG: And what's been the response from the facility? 24:57.500 --> 24:59.466 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% MICHAEL BIESECKER: There's not been any. 24:59.466 --> 25:02.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% In court documents, they deny all the allegations. 25:02.300 --> 25:07.300 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% However, we have been unable to get any response from them over the last two days. 25:09.200 --> 25:11.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Also, the Department of Health and Human Services has yet to respond to our story. 25:11.433 --> 25:13.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And we reached out to them in advance of publication. 25:13.700 --> 25:17.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JOHN YANG: And, as you say, this goes back to the Obama administration. 25:17.533 --> 25:22.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And you did speak to officials who served at that time in the administration. 25:22.433 --> 25:27.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% MICHAEL BIESECKER: We talked to a top official who oversaw the refugee resettlement program 25:27.133 --> 25:28.766 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% under President Obama. 25:28.766 --> 25:33.266 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% And these allegations range from 2015 to 2018, so a span of years. 25:35.800 --> 25:38.400 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% That official said he was unaware of any complaints about abuse at Shenandoah Valley, though he 25:41.133 --> 25:43.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% did say that he heard about them after leaving. 25:43.800 --> 25:47.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Had he heard about them while he was still in charge, he said he would have investigated 25:47.200 --> 25:52.200 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% them, and potentially terminated the contract, the federal contract, that pays approximately 25:54.100 --> 25:56.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% more than $4 million a year to house kids there, about 30 at a time. 25:56.400 --> 25:59.000 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% JOHN YANG: And there has been congressional testimony about this? 25:59.000 --> 26:03.166 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% MICHAEL BIESECKER: There has been congressional testimony from someone who worked at the facility. 26:03.166 --> 26:08.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And she said that, in some cases, the children there have behavioral problems that can be 26:10.066 --> 26:13.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% difficult to treat in what we could call a correctional setting, a prison-like facility, 26:15.700 --> 26:19.166 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% and that they would be better served in residential psychiatric treatment facilities. 26:19.166 --> 26:24.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% However, those facilities are often hesitant to take a child with a history of behavioral 26:25.233 --> 26:27.266 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% problems or the potential for violence. 26:27.266 --> 26:30.100 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JOHN YANG: You call this a prison-like facility, but these children have not been convicted 26:30.100 --> 26:31.333 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% of any crimes. 26:31.333 --> 26:33.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% MICHAEL BIESECKER: That's correct. 26:33.400 --> 26:37.100 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% They're housed in the same facility with local juvenile delinquents that have been either 26:38.300 --> 26:41.333 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% charged or adjudicated with serious crimes. 26:41.333 --> 26:46.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% However, they were largely segregated from those mostly white inmates, juvenile inmates. 26:48.366 --> 26:53.000 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And the Latino kids said that their facility was much more stark, they didn't have access 26:55.033 --> 26:57.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% to cushy chairs, they didn't have as good of food, they didn't have access to video 26:57.933 --> 27:02.366 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% game consoles, and some of the perks that were afforded to the mostly white detainees 27:02.366 --> 27:04.233 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% they said they were deprived of. 27:04.233 --> 27:08.800 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JOHN YANG: Michael Biesecker at the Associated Press, thanks so much. 27:10.233 --> 27:14.933 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% MICHAEL BIESECKER: Thank you. 27:14.933 --> 27:19.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Now: How voting district maps are drawn can help determine which political 27:22.433 --> 27:24.466 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% party controls power. 27:24.466 --> 27:28.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The U.S. Supreme Court narrowly ruled in two cases this term, keeping in place boundaries 27:29.800 --> 27:31.766 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% in Maryland and Wisconsin. 27:31.766 --> 27:36.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% A fight is still raging in one Utah county over current district lines and their effect 27:37.900 --> 27:39.900 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% on the voice of Native Americans. 27:39.900 --> 27:44.600 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% From the University of Southern California's Annenberg Rural Reporting Initiative, Tommy 27:44.600 --> 27:47.166 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Brooksbank has the story. 27:47.166 --> 27:51.266 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% TOMMY BROOKSBANK: San Juan County is the largest county in Utah, about the size of New Jersey. 27:53.133 --> 27:56.366 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% It stretches from the predominantly white Mormon towns of Monticello and Blanding in 27:56.366 --> 28:01.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% the north, to the vast Navajo Reservation in the south. 28:01.266 --> 28:03.700 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% It is also the poorest county in the state. 28:03.700 --> 28:07.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% REBECCA BENALLY, Commissioner, San Juan County: On the Navajo Reservation, the unemployment 28:07.766 --> 28:09.700 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% rate is around 72 percent. 28:09.700 --> 28:13.900 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% TOMMY BROOKSBANK: Rebecca Benally's county district includes the Navajo Reservation. 28:13.900 --> 28:18.900 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% She is currently the only Native American serving as one of three county commissioners, 28:18.900 --> 28:22.433 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% even though the Navajo are a majority of the total population. 28:22.433 --> 28:27.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But that could change when residents go to the polls for a special election in November. 28:29.933 --> 28:32.800 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Late last year, a federal judge ruled that the county voting districts had been gerrymandered, 28:32.800 --> 28:37.800 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% in violation of the Constitution, by lumping the Navajo into a single voting district. 28:39.800 --> 28:43.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The ruling was a huge victory for the Navajo Nation and for Wilfred Jones, a plaintiff 28:43.866 --> 28:45.800 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% in the lawsuit. 28:45.800 --> 28:49.866 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% WILFRED JONES, Plaintiff: There were some tears that were shed at that moment for my 28:50.933 --> 28:53.466 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% family on my side. 28:53.466 --> 28:57.133 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% TOMMY BROOKSBANK: Jones decided to sue because, he argued, Navajo residing within the county 28:57.133 --> 29:01.900 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% district that includes the reservation had been denied critical services. 29:01.900 --> 29:06.900 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% His own sister died because there was no ambulance available like this one in the north to take 29:07.766 --> 29:09.766 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% her to a county hospital. 29:09.766 --> 29:13.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% WILFRED JONES: And she had a heart attack and they couldn't get there until about an 29:14.366 --> 29:16.333 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% hour later, which was too late. 29:16.333 --> 29:19.900 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% TOMMY BROOKSBANK: The old county commission map placed most of the Navajo population in 29:19.900 --> 29:24.866 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% the 3rd District, which guaranteed that the other two districts would have the final say 29:24.866 --> 29:26.866 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% on county issues. 29:26.866 --> 29:31.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The new map, drawn up by a court-appointed expert and put into effect in December, spreads 29:31.400 --> 29:33.900 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% that population around. 29:33.900 --> 29:38.366 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Reaction to the court's decision in the northern part of the county was swift and angry. 29:38.366 --> 29:42.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Kelly Laws is the Republican candidate for county commissioner in District 2. 29:42.700 --> 29:47.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% That is the district that could potentially swing the three-member council majority to 29:47.133 --> 29:48.866 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% the Navajo. 29:48.866 --> 29:51.333 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% He is furious the new district lines trisect the town of Blanding. 29:51.333 --> 29:54.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% KELLY LAWS, Candidate for County Commissioner: This is a perfect case of gerrymandering at 29:54.433 --> 29:56.433 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% its very best. 29:56.433 --> 30:01.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And the part that's interesting is, how many other counties in the nation have had this 30:01.933 --> 30:04.400 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% done to them? 30:04.400 --> 30:06.500 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% TOMMY BROOKSBANK: But the argument that gerrymandering has been replaced with more gerrymandering 30:06.500 --> 30:10.900 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% has been rejected by the 10th Circuit Court of Appeals, which denied the county's most 30:10.900 --> 30:12.800 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% recent appeal. 30:12.800 --> 30:17.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The court says the new district boundaries fairly reflect the overall population. 30:17.166 --> 30:21.600 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% New voting lines aside, the two parts of the county are still worlds apart. 30:21.600 --> 30:26.600 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% On the Navajo Reservation, some people live without electricity or running water and school 30:28.000 --> 30:30.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% buses must travel over miles and miles of dirt roads. 30:30.866 --> 30:35.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% In the northern part of the county, there are two big libraries, a community center 30:35.033 --> 30:37.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% on a golf course, and two hospitals. 30:37.966 --> 30:42.900 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Navajo residents are hopeful that the redistricting, which affects both the county commission and 30:42.900 --> 30:46.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% the school board, might bring more resources their way. 30:46.766 --> 30:49.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Curtis Yanito is a candidate for the school board. 30:49.166 --> 30:54.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He lives on the south side of the San Juan River, which he sees as just one more barrier 30:55.533 --> 30:57.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to connecting with the northern part of the county. 30:57.566 --> 31:00.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He hopes the new district lines will mean more resources for reservation children. 31:00.700 --> 31:04.066 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% CURTIS YANITO, School Board Candidate: I know that there's funds out there, but it just 31:04.066 --> 31:06.766 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% stops right there, where the border's at. 31:06.766 --> 31:08.800 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% It doesn't come this way. 31:08.800 --> 31:12.800 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And all these funds that I have seen that happened in the past, it's just been out on 31:12.800 --> 31:15.366 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% that side. 31:15.366 --> 31:18.300 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% TOMMY BROOKSBANK: The debate over redistricting is playing out against a long history of anger 31:18.300 --> 31:22.633 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% by white conservatives here over what they see as federal overreach. 31:22.633 --> 31:27.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% In 2014, it was a face-off with the Bureau of Land Management over ATV use in recaptured 31:29.000 --> 31:31.066 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% canyon. 31:31.066 --> 31:34.000 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And more than a decade ago, federal agents swarmed into Blanding and arrested a number 31:34.000 --> 31:38.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% of citizens for illegal trade in Native American artifacts. 31:38.200 --> 31:42.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% One of those arrested was a local physician, who later committed suicide. 31:42.733 --> 31:45.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Librarian Nicole Perkins still gets emotional about it. 31:45.733 --> 31:50.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% NICOLE PERKINS, Librarian: The raids, when they came and raided Dr. Redd and his family 31:53.900 --> 31:58.866 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% and the other people here, you saw all the local people -- a lot of people said, well 32:01.000 --> 32:04.900 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% - - they came in with guns and vehicles and just like we were ISIS or something. 32:07.466 --> 32:10.600 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% TOMMY BROOKSBANK: Today, that anger over federal intrusion continues, with county leaders planning 32:12.266 --> 32:15.933 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% to appeal to the federal court yet again over the new district boundaries. 32:15.933 --> 32:20.766 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% If they lose that appeal, the battle for political control of the county comes down to the race 32:20.766 --> 32:23.700 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% for commissioner in District 2. 32:23.700 --> 32:28.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Wilfred Jones is optimistic that a Navajo candidate will qualify for the ballot and 32:28.233 --> 32:29.466 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% win that seat. 32:29.466 --> 32:30.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% WILFRED JONES: We're in the 21st century here. 32:30.966 --> 32:34.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% We should be able to vote as we please and voice our opinion. 32:34.066 --> 32:38.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% TOMMY BROOKSBANK: If the Navajo win two of the three seats on the county commission, 32:38.200 --> 32:43.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% it would overturn more than a century of political domination by white residents. 32:45.233 --> 32:48.266 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% For Jones, who was born before Native Americans had the right to vote in Utah, it would be 32:49.466 --> 32:51.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% a personal, as well as historic, victory. 32:51.633 --> 32:56.600 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% For the "PBS NewsHour," I'm Tommy Brooksbank in San Juan County, Utah. 33:00.400 --> 33:05.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Now: the plans to revitalize the newspaper of note for the United States' 33:12.400 --> 33:16.033 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% second largest city, The Los Angeles Times. 33:16.033 --> 33:21.033 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% Patrick Soon-Shiong is a multibillionaire surgeon, entrepreneur and part owner of the 33:21.633 --> 33:23.600 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% L.A. Lakers. 33:23.600 --> 33:26.900 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He has spent half-a-billion dollars to buy the paper, which has faced big setbacks in 33:26.900 --> 33:29.000 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% recent years. 33:29.000 --> 33:32.666 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% As critical as it has been to the city of Los Angeles, the L.A. Times has struggled 33:32.666 --> 33:37.666 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% with huge financial losses, two-thirds laid off over time, three top editors replaced 33:38.700 --> 33:40.200 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% in 18 months. 33:40.200 --> 33:42.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And there've been multiple publishers. 33:42.300 --> 33:47.300 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Soon-Shiong is also an immigrant born to parents who had fled China during the occupation by 33:48.166 --> 33:50.400 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Japan during World War II. 33:50.400 --> 33:53.333 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And he joins me now from Los Angeles. 33:53.333 --> 33:56.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Patrick Soon-Shiong, congratulations. 33:56.233 --> 34:01.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And you're investing in a newspaper at a time when few and fewer people are reading them. 34:01.666 --> 34:03.766 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% Why? 34:03.766 --> 34:05.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PATRICK SOON-SHIONG, Owner, The Los Angeles Times: Well, I think it's important for democracy. 34:05.633 --> 34:07.733 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% It's so important for education. 34:07.733 --> 34:10.200 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% It's so important for this country. 34:10.200 --> 34:13.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And it's an institution that I think we need to protect. 34:13.533 --> 34:18.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And, to me, I grew up in apartheid, South Africa, and the only thing that was my respite 34:21.333 --> 34:23.366 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% was the newspaper, frankly. 34:23.366 --> 34:27.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: And, you know, you and I had a little bit of a conversation about this 34:27.733 --> 34:30.333 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% not long ago when we talked. 34:30.333 --> 34:35.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% What is it about journalism today that you think you can make thrive? 34:37.366 --> 34:40.433 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% Because we look across the country, newspapers are struggling, people are moving to digital. 34:41.166 --> 34:43.233 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% What is your dream here? 34:43.233 --> 34:47.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PATRICK SOON-SHIONG: Well, the first thing is, there's a fundamental need of this issue 34:47.833 --> 34:50.366 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% of truthful news, right? 34:50.366 --> 34:55.366 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And I think that truly the -- and, as I said in my letter, I think fake news is a cancer 34:56.000 --> 34:57.833 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% of our times. 34:57.833 --> 35:02.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And, frankly, the social media allows this proliferation and metastasis. 35:04.133 --> 35:07.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% I think the place where we need to find truthful information and journalistic integrity is 35:08.933 --> 35:11.033 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% in the newspapers. 35:11.033 --> 35:15.300 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But I think we also recognize that we have this problem of where technology has now taken 35:17.300 --> 35:20.933 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% over, where people want news where they want to read it, where they can read it, whenever, 35:20.933 --> 35:24.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% wherever they may be, and the digital mobile platform. 35:24.366 --> 35:27.433 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% I still am of the old school. 35:27.433 --> 35:32.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% I still, as I said, love the tactile feel of a physical print and what I call leisurely 35:33.966 --> 35:36.000 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% reading. 35:36.000 --> 35:39.966 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But we need to adapt and adopt very quickly in real time into this whole new world of 35:41.533 --> 35:43.433 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% digital age. 35:43.433 --> 35:47.533 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So, today, I think journalists need to have cross-technology skill sets. 35:48.266 --> 35:49.766 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% They need to podcast. 35:49.766 --> 35:54.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% They need to do what I'm doing here, TV interviews, and print. 35:55.933 --> 36:00.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And it's a very different life for the journalists. 36:00.166 --> 36:05.100 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But without journalists giving us good, real investigative reporting, I think we will have 36:08.633 --> 36:11.200 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% lost a lot in terms of these institutions. 36:11.200 --> 36:15.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Do you think you can do this and be profitable? 36:15.133 --> 36:16.366 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% After all, it's a business. 36:16.366 --> 36:18.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% PATRICK SOON-SHIONG: No, it is a business. 36:18.133 --> 36:21.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And I have said this is not a philanthropic exercise. 36:21.100 --> 36:23.833 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% This is not an exercise of vanity. 36:23.833 --> 36:28.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% This is an exercise where this business has to now as an institution survive. 36:30.800 --> 36:35.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The New York Times and The Washington Post have shown, in fact, if they create great, 36:36.700 --> 36:39.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% important stories with great journalists, they can adopt. 36:39.533 --> 36:40.533 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% And we must. 36:40.533 --> 36:44.233 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% And the answer is, I'm hopeful. 36:44.233 --> 36:47.700 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% We are not concerned or scared of technology. 36:47.700 --> 36:52.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Part of my work in cancer doing genomic sequencing and cloud computing and machine vision and 36:54.700 --> 36:58.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% artificial intelligence, I think we can bring all this to bear and still create a model 36:59.166 --> 37:01.800 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% that thrives. 37:01.800 --> 37:04.466 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: And you're working with a newsroom that has been -- that has lost, as we said, 37:04.466 --> 37:09.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% a large percentage of its staff, of its reporters. 37:11.466 --> 37:14.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% You're dealing with a place that's been traumatized, virtually, in recent years. 37:14.400 --> 37:16.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% What's it going to take to turn that around? 37:16.500 --> 37:20.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PATRICK SOON-SHIONG: I speak to my newsroom and I say this is like a battered child syndrome, 37:20.933 --> 37:21.933 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% right? 37:21.933 --> 37:22.933 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% I completely get that. 37:22.933 --> 37:24.933 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% They have been traumatized. 37:24.933 --> 37:29.266 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So, the first thing we did was, yesterday, we announced Norm Pearlstine as the executive 37:29.800 --> 37:31.900 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% editor. 37:31.900 --> 37:35.800 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The day next, we -- Kris Viesselman has come in as the transformation editor. 37:37.200 --> 37:41.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% I think the idea is to actually strengthen the newsroom. 37:41.566 --> 37:44.566 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% The journalists are our lifeblood. 37:44.566 --> 37:47.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% So, this is the first time that we will have stability. 37:47.100 --> 37:49.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% This is not a one-year program, 10-year program. 37:49.833 --> 37:54.833 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% I see this as a lifelong program for us to really create stability. 37:56.800 --> 38:00.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So, I think, if we actually are able to attract best talent -- and California is a unique 38:03.633 --> 38:06.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% ecosystem to itself -- we will be able to do fine. 38:06.466 --> 38:10.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: You do come to this, Patrick Soon-Shiong, as someone who didn't come out 38:10.700 --> 38:12.733 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% of journalism. 38:12.733 --> 38:15.466 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And you said yourself your investments have been in -- you're a physician. 38:15.466 --> 38:19.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Your investments have been in health care, in pharmaceuticals. 38:19.500 --> 38:23.600 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The L.A. Times itself has written a story about you earlier this year, controversies 38:23.600 --> 38:26.166 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% in your business career. 38:26.166 --> 38:31.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Were they accurate in those stories, and do you think your background is a fit for this? 38:33.166 --> 38:36.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PATRICK SOON-SHIONG: Well, first of all, that's one of the first things I told The L.A. Times 38:36.766 --> 38:39.266 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% newsroom. 38:39.266 --> 38:41.800 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% They should feel to write anything and everything about me, completely independent of me as 38:41.800 --> 38:44.566 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% the owner, as long as it is fair and truthful. 38:44.566 --> 38:47.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% I think that should be the standard for anybody. 38:47.700 --> 38:52.700 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% Fairness, honesty and truthfulness is all any person could ask for. 38:54.766 --> 38:58.833 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% But with regard to my background, I look upon journalists very much like scientists. 38:58.833 --> 38:59.833 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% They love discovery. 38:59.833 --> 39:01.133 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% We love discovery. 39:01.133 --> 39:02.566 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% We love the truth. 39:02.566 --> 39:05.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% We want to find the basis of the truth. 39:05.366 --> 39:07.966 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% And we love publishing. 39:07.966 --> 39:12.333 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% So, while my background has been in discovery, working with scientists and physician scientists, 39:13.233 --> 39:16.733 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% I look upon journalists as such. 39:16.733 --> 39:21.100 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% If we're going to do opinions, however, we should very, very clearly say, this is an 39:21.100 --> 39:25.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% opinion, and everybody should be allowed to have their opinion, whether it be right opinion, 39:25.633 --> 39:28.200 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% left opinion, or middle road opinion. 39:28.200 --> 39:33.033 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% So I think the opportunity for us now to create an educational forum, a forum that will inspire, 39:35.666 --> 39:40.666 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% a forum that will inform, and a forum that will provide entertainment, so to speak, even, 39:42.700 --> 39:45.466 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% sports, arts, lifestyle. 39:45.466 --> 39:47.500 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% So I'm really excited. 39:47.500 --> 39:51.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% It's a steep learning curve for me, but I'm really excited about this next episode of 39:52.433 --> 39:54.500 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% what I'm going to be doing. 39:54.500 --> 39:58.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Dr. Patrick Soon-Shiong, the new owner of The Los Angeles Times and The 39:58.033 --> 40:00.066 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% San Diego Union, again, congratulations. 40:00.066 --> 40:05.066 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% PATRICK SOON-SHIONG: Thank you so much, Judy. 40:07.600 --> 40:12.600 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: As traditional sports like baseball and football struggle with stalling 40:18.433 --> 40:23.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% viewership and an aging fan base, a new kind of sport has emerged with huge appeal for 40:24.666 --> 40:26.666 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% millions around the world. 40:26.666 --> 40:31.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Economics correspondent Paul Solman has the story from Austin, Texas, where he went to 40:31.166 --> 40:34.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% a three-day event for what's known as e-sports. 40:34.766 --> 40:38.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% It's part of his weekly series, Making Sense. 40:38.133 --> 40:43.100 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: Pro sports, and they don't get any hotter than this, in the U.S, in France, 40:51.200 --> 40:53.500 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% in Poland. 40:53.500 --> 40:58.466 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% The fans are in ecstasy and sometimes despair over e-sports, electronic sports. 41:00.866 --> 41:04.166 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% That's right. 41:04.166 --> 41:07.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% They're playing video games for money, big money. 41:07.100 --> 41:09.933 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Come on, you ask, this is sports? 41:09.933 --> 41:14.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Well, the Olympics are considering adding e-sports because they have mesmerized the 41:16.466 --> 41:18.900 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% digital generation, while traditional sports worry about decline. 41:18.900 --> 41:21.900 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% MIKE VAN DRIEL, DreamHack: We're not really concerned anymore about this hangup of like, 41:21.900 --> 41:23.900 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% is it sports or not? 41:23.900 --> 41:27.966 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: We're at DreamHack in Austin Texas, Canadian Mike Van Driel here from Sweden 41:29.033 --> 41:31.333 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% to manage the event. 41:31.333 --> 41:36.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And while DreamHack Austin drew a crowd of only 30,000, $30 just to watch, $89 if you 41:38.233 --> 41:43.233 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% also BYOC, bring your own computer to play in the amateur pen. 41:44.700 --> 41:46.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% But you know how times many fans will tune in online? 41:46.500 --> 41:47.833 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% MIKE VAN DRIEL: I mean, easily 100 million. 41:47.833 --> 41:48.833 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: A hundred million? 41:48.833 --> 41:50.833 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% MIKE VAN DRIEL: Yes. 41:50.833 --> 41:54.966 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: The box office take in Austin, nearly a million dollars. 41:54.966 --> 41:58.966 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But this is just one of the dozen or so events DreamHack hosts every year. 41:58.966 --> 42:02.300 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% MIKE VAN DRIEL: We're doing two events in the U.S., two events in Spain. 42:02.300 --> 42:07.100 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And then in two weeks from now, we will be at kind of the original event in a Jonkoping, 42:07.100 --> 42:08.533 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% Sweden. 42:08.533 --> 42:09.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: And how many people come to that? 42:09.600 --> 42:10.933 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% MIKE VAN DRIEL: About 55,000. 42:10.933 --> 42:14.066 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: In Jonkoping. 42:14.066 --> 42:16.766 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% That's standing room only at Yankee Stadium. 42:16.766 --> 42:21.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Moreover, while we were at DreamHack, a separate tournament was taking place at a resort in 42:21.633 --> 42:23.066 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% Wisconsin. 42:23.066 --> 42:25.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And there were others all over the world. 42:25.633 --> 42:28.266 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% MIKE VAN DRIEL: So many events happen on the same weekend, because there's not enough weekends. 42:28.266 --> 42:32.333 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: Following the fans, of course, the money. 42:32.333 --> 42:37.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Growing at 40 percent per year, e-sports figure to gross nearly a billion dollars by the end 42:39.366 --> 42:42.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% of 2018, 40 percent or so from sponsorships, 20 percent from ads, another 20 percent from 42:43.800 --> 42:45.866 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% media rights. 42:45.866 --> 42:50.066 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% At DreamHack, signs of the new money were everywhere, high-tech cameras on cranes. 42:53.800 --> 42:58.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So-call casters call the action play-by-play, streamed live worldwide, as the pro gamers 43:01.100 --> 43:04.833 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% play for rich prizes, in addition to their substantial salaries. 43:04.833 --> 43:07.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% SHAHZEB KHAN, ShahZaM: They're well over six figures. 43:07.266 --> 43:09.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And then the sky's the limit with prize money. 43:09.733 --> 43:14.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: That's ShahZaM, Shahzeb Khan, a star whose pro e-sport is Counter-Strike, 43:17.300 --> 43:20.600 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% where five terrorists try to plant bombs and five counterterrorists try to deter them permanently. 43:27.000 --> 43:30.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Whoever neutralizes the opposing team first wins. 43:30.566 --> 43:35.566 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% ShahZaM plays for compLexity Gaming, one of scores of pro e-sports teams in various leagues 43:38.233 --> 43:43.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% playing different e-sports video games, Dota 2, PUBG, Overwatch, League of Legends. 43:44.966 --> 43:49.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% They all compete for top talent, like ShahZaM. 43:52.833 --> 43:57.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Last year, compLexity was bought by Dallas Cowboys football boss Jerry Jones, who's been 43:57.633 --> 44:02.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% joined by traditional sports moguls like Bob Kraft of the New England Patriots football 44:02.333 --> 44:06.300 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% dynasty, who's invested in a league for the video game Overwatch. 44:06.300 --> 44:11.300 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Team compLexity, which makes its money from corporate sponsors and its cut of tournament 44:12.500 --> 44:14.166 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% winnings, provides plenty of support. 44:14.166 --> 44:17.266 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% SHAHZEB KHAN: We have got a personal fitness sports psychology coach. 44:17.266 --> 44:21.266 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He helps us with pretty much everything we need, in terms of like even teaching some 44:21.266 --> 44:25.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% of the players how to cook, getting advice on like fixing your posture. 44:25.200 --> 44:30.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: Hey, posture is key, if you sit as much as these guys do, practicing eight 44:30.933 --> 44:32.966 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% to 10 hours a day. 44:32.966 --> 44:37.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But, look, says the entrepreneur who founded and then sold the compLexity team, Jason Lake: 44:37.233 --> 44:39.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JASON LAKE, Founder, compLexity Gaming: The beautiful thing about e-sports and about gaming 44:39.633 --> 44:43.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% is, you don't have to be 6'3'' and 220 to have a shot. 44:43.266 --> 44:46.266 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% You don't have to be 6'9'' to dunk. 44:46.266 --> 44:49.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Anybody can come, male, female, any race, any gender. 44:49.266 --> 44:53.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% As long as you have some basic physical functionality, it's a level playing field. 44:53.733 --> 44:58.733 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% PAUL SOLMAN: There is one physical hazard, carpal tunnel syndrome. 44:59.600 --> 45:01.666 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Daniel Rodriguez, AKA ChuDat: 45:01.666 --> 45:04.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% DANIEL RODRIGUEZ, ChuDat: If I play for about one or two hours, my fingers are pretty much 45:04.933 --> 45:07.033 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% - - they just start to hurt. 45:07.033 --> 45:11.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: ChuDat is a star at Super Smash Bros. Melee, a mostly gun-free mano-a-mano 45:13.833 --> 45:18.033 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% affair released way back in 2001, but ChuDat's e-sport was shelved for a sequel, Super Smash 45:20.500 --> 45:24.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Bros. Brawl, and both he and the game appeared to be obsolete. 45:24.633 --> 45:26.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% DANIEL RODRIGUEZ: I tried picking up the game. 45:26.733 --> 45:27.733 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% I tried playing. 45:27.733 --> 45:29.800 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% I was no good at it. 45:29.800 --> 45:33.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So I had to kind of like drop Smash and I had to focus on like my real life, so I got 45:34.866 --> 45:37.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% a job and then I went back to school. 45:37.400 --> 45:41.700 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: Luckily, a 2013 nostalgia documentary revived Melee and Rodriguez's career, for 45:43.333 --> 45:45.433 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% the time being. 45:45.433 --> 45:48.400 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% DANIEL RODRIGUEZ: People think that this game will dry up and it will just like completely 45:48.400 --> 45:49.633 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% disappear. 45:49.633 --> 45:51.166 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% PAUL SOLMAN: Well, what do you do after that? 45:51.166 --> 45:53.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% DANIEL RODRIGUEZ: I got to go back to school and get a job. 45:53.933 --> 45:58.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: So, unlike baseball or golf, video games go, video games come, and sometimes 45:59.600 --> 46:02.233 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% quickly. 46:02.233 --> 46:05.600 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% The video game of the moment, soon to become a pro e-sport with a league of its own, Fortnite, 46:07.500 --> 46:10.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% a shoot-em-up featuring a battle royal, 100 players drifting down to an island and then 46:12.633 --> 46:16.433 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% sniping away to emerge as sole survivor. 46:16.433 --> 46:21.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% With promised tournament prizes of $100 million next year, Fortnite threatens to become the 46:23.300 --> 46:27.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% biggest e-sport of them all and was plastered on screens throughout DreamHack. 46:29.333 --> 46:33.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Released less than a year ago, the game already has 50 million players, in part because it's 46:34.500 --> 46:38.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% free, while a typical video game costs $50 to $60. 46:40.066 --> 46:42.766 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% So how can it offer $100 million in prizes? 46:42.766 --> 46:47.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Because Fortnite has turned out to be a superb virtual merchandiser. 46:49.666 --> 46:53.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Matthew Adams, playing Fortnite at the BYOC area of DreamHack, is one of its customers. 46:54.533 --> 46:56.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% MATTHEW ADAMS, Gamer: You can earn dances and buy them. 46:56.766 --> 46:58.433 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Like, here's a break-dance. 46:58.433 --> 46:59.700 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: A break-dance. 46:59.700 --> 47:02.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% MATTHEW ADAMS: Like in old times, like disco. 47:02.300 --> 47:05.933 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: And you could either earn those dances for your character or you can buy them? 47:05.933 --> 47:07.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% MATTHEW ADAMS: Yes, or you can buy them in the shop. 47:07.666 --> 47:09.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: And how much is a dance cost roughly? 47:09.933 --> 47:11.133 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% MATTHEW ADAMS: Like two dollars. 47:11.133 --> 47:13.200 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: Two bucks a dance. 47:13.200 --> 47:14.833 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% MATTHEW ADAMS: Yes. 47:14.833 --> 47:19.233 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% PAUL SOLMAN: Skins, the outfits players don, are $10 to $20 apiece. 47:21.200 --> 47:24.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% As a result, Fortnite grossed $296 million on cosmetic items and weapons upgrades in 47:27.600 --> 47:28.833 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% the month of April alone. 47:28.833 --> 47:31.100 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% How many hours a day do you play this? 47:31.100 --> 47:34.033 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% MATTHEW ADAMS: Maybe like five. 47:34.033 --> 47:36.033 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% I play a lot. 47:36.033 --> 47:40.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% ZAC ADAMS, Father: I think that it will be as popular as baseball, basketball, and those 47:40.533 --> 47:41.533 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% sports. 47:41.533 --> 47:43.466 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% It's just a matter of time. 47:43.466 --> 47:48.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: Matthew's dad Zac Adams is a pro athlete himself, a long-drive golfer who 47:49.266 --> 47:52.933 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% has hit a ball 450 yards onto a fairway. 47:52.933 --> 47:56.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% He's taken up Fortnite to spend time with his kids. 47:56.066 --> 47:58.766 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% But, now, wait a second. 47:58.766 --> 48:01.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Maybe Fortnite is the next big e-sport. 48:01.133 --> 48:03.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% But doesn't the violence concern the father? 48:03.633 --> 48:08.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% A 2015 review by the American Psychological Association linked video games to increased 48:10.066 --> 48:12.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% aggression, though it found no link to violent crimes. 48:12.800 --> 48:17.800 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% ZAC ADAM: I think that the parents that do allow them to play should be responsible to 48:18.966 --> 48:20.933 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% bring that to the top of the list. 48:20.933 --> 48:24.233 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: Matt's dad said he wasn't worried about a Fortnite addiction. 48:24.233 --> 48:29.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% But that was before the World Health Organization pronounced this week that such addictions 48:29.166 --> 48:32.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% can be a gaming disorder in extreme cases. 48:32.733 --> 48:37.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Do you worry at all about the addiction factor? 48:38.933 --> 48:40.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% I asked him if he was addicted to the game. 48:40.800 --> 48:42.066 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% And he said yes. 48:42.066 --> 48:43.066 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% ZAC ADAM: Right. 48:43.066 --> 48:44.066 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% Yes. 48:44.066 --> 48:45.066 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% Yes. 48:45.066 --> 48:47.133 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% Yes. 48:47.133 --> 48:49.366 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% I mean, it's tough to like put my finger on that, you know, because if you balance your 48:49.366 --> 48:54.366 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% life with exercise, proper diet, and you're - - and you're doing things to keep yourself 48:56.366 --> 48:59.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% mentally healthy, you can have a hobby that maybe isn't necessarily an addiction, but 49:01.033 --> 49:03.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% it's what you do, you know, and it's what drives your life. 49:03.366 --> 49:06.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: I had one last question for Zac's son. 49:06.200 --> 49:08.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Do you have any dreams of becoming a professional gamer? 49:08.633 --> 49:09.633 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% MATTHEW ADAMS: Yes. 49:09.633 --> 49:10.633 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% PAUL SOLMAN: You do? 49:10.633 --> 49:11.866 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% MATTHEW ADAMS: Yes. 49:11.866 --> 49:13.700 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% PAUL SOLMAN: Do you think you have a shot? 49:13.700 --> 49:15.700 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% MATTHEW ADAMS: Maybe. 49:15.700 --> 49:19.700 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% PAUL SOLMAN: For the "PBS NewsHour" in Austin, Texas, this is Paul Solman, sticking to my 49:20.866 --> 49:25.033 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% TV economics career, at least for now. 49:27.433 --> 49:31.033 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: Next, we turn to another installment of our weekly Brief But Spectacular series, 49:38.600 --> 49:40.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% where we ask people about their passions. 49:40.733 --> 49:45.733 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Tonight, in honor of LGBTQ Pride Month, we hear from YouTube contributor Jackson Bird. 49:48.200 --> 49:52.566 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% He hosts the podcast "Transmission" and creates videos for transgender people and for everyone 49:53.733 --> 49:56.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% to better understand the transgender community. 49:56.233 --> 50:00.600 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JACKSON BIRD, Activist: I think it can be difficult for people to wrap their heads around 50:00.600 --> 50:05.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% gender, specifically cisgender people, people whose gender identity is congruent with the 50:05.133 --> 50:07.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% one that they were assigned to them at birth. 50:07.233 --> 50:11.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% It can be difficult for them because they never had to question their gender, which 50:11.333 --> 50:16.333 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% is astonishing to those of us who are trans, because we spend so much of our time questioning 50:18.800 --> 50:20.966 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% gender and thinking about it in a very existential way, and wondering why is gender, and what 50:20.966 --> 50:25.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% is gender, and how did this happen? 50:28.933 --> 50:33.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% When I was 25, I came out as transgender, which means basically I came out as a guy. 50:33.433 --> 50:36.833 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% When I say that I'm a transgender man, what that means is that, when I was born, I was 50:36.833 --> 50:38.100 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% assigned female at birth. 50:38.100 --> 50:40.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% I was socialized as a girl growing up. 50:40.800 --> 50:42.400 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% It never really felt right. 50:42.400 --> 50:44.933 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% From a young age, I just felt like I should've been born a boy. 50:44.933 --> 50:46.233 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% I didn't share it with anyone. 50:46.233 --> 50:48.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% I didn't think I could share it with anyone. 50:48.300 --> 50:52.966 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So, what I did instead was, think, well, this is the life I have to lead as a woman. 50:52.966 --> 50:57.433 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So, I will just try to be the best woman that I can be in whatever that means in a very 50:57.433 --> 50:59.166 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% stereotypical way from society. 50:59.166 --> 51:00.566 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Hi, my name is Jackson Bird. 51:00.566 --> 51:02.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And I am two years post-top surgery. 51:02.633 --> 51:03.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Why does he have his shirt on then? 51:03.733 --> 51:06.166 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Isn't the point of these videos? 51:06.166 --> 51:07.366 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% His shirt should be off. 51:07.366 --> 51:08.366 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% Ain't happening. 51:08.366 --> 51:09.866 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% Here's why. 51:09.866 --> 51:13.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% I have been making videos on YouTube for a long time. 51:13.266 --> 51:18.000 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% And I started making them when I was kind of dealing with my gender identity and kind 51:18.000 --> 51:22.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% of knew at the back of my head that, if my audience continued to grow on YouTube, I would 51:22.833 --> 51:27.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% eventually have this pressure of having to come out publicly online. 51:27.033 --> 51:29.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% There's something in the trans community called living stealth. 51:29.833 --> 51:31.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And only some trans people even have this privilege. 51:31.966 --> 51:36.833 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% What it means is that you are perceived enough, you are read as the gender you identify as 51:38.833 --> 51:42.266 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% that, when you go out and about in your everyday life, people aren't going to question your 51:43.033 --> 51:45.000 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% gender. 51:45.000 --> 51:48.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% For anyone who is not consistently read as the gender they identify as, it's so much 51:48.766 --> 51:52.933 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% harder, because they're going out in public every single day just living their lives, 51:52.933 --> 51:56.966 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% and having strangers on the street, on the subway, the cashiers at the grocery store 51:56.966 --> 52:01.133 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% giving them weird looks, maybe even dirty looks, making them, like, explain themselves 52:01.133 --> 52:03.200 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% anywhere they are. 52:03.200 --> 52:07.100 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So, that's an every single day, multiple times a day coming out process, on top of the very 52:07.100 --> 52:10.633 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% turbulent, traumatic one that you probably already had when you told your family and 52:10.633 --> 52:12.700 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% friends. 52:12.700 --> 52:15.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% If you're watching this and you're wondering what you can do to help close the gaps of 52:15.766 --> 52:20.766 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% an inequality that exists between LGBTQ+ people vs. straight and non-transgender people, I 52:22.800 --> 52:27.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% think the biggest thing is to just see the humanity in us, to raise up our voices, especially 52:27.200 --> 52:32.200 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% in so many places of media and community and spaces where our voices are under-represented. 52:33.933 --> 52:38.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% I didn't have any transgender role models growing up. 52:38.666 --> 52:42.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% I hardly had any gay or queer role models growing up in Texas in the '90s. 52:42.766 --> 52:47.666 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% I didn't even know that transgender men existed. 52:47.666 --> 52:51.766 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% That lack of representation growing up made me literally feel like I was alone in the 52:51.766 --> 52:54.066 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% world and there was no one else like me. 52:54.066 --> 52:59.033 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% So to now get to be the role model that I needed as a kid is just indescribable. 53:03.400 --> 53:07.900 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% My name is Jackson Bird, and this is my Brief But Spectacular take on providing a platform 53:07.900 --> 53:09.833 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% for transgender people. 53:09.833 --> 53:14.066 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% JUDY WOODRUFF: And you can find additional Brief But Spectacular episodes on our Web 53:14.066 --> 53:18.500 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% site, PBS.org/NewsHour/Brief. 53:18.500 --> 53:21.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And before we go, we're sorry to share this passing. 53:21.433 --> 53:26.433 align:left position:20%,start line:71% size:70% Charles Krauthammer, the syndicated conservative columnist and FOX News contributor, has died 53:27.500 --> 53:29.533 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% after battling cancer. 53:29.533 --> 53:33.966 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% He'd not been on television for nearly a year, and wrote a public letter earlier this month 53:33.966 --> 53:37.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% announcing that he only had a short time to live. 53:37.133 --> 53:42.133 align:left position:10%,start line:71% size:80% Krauthammer, a former psychiatrist and paraplegic since a teenage diving accident, won the Pulitzer 53:43.533 --> 53:47.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Prize for his commentary, and was a bestselling author. 53:47.300 --> 53:50.866 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Charles Krauthammer was 68 years old. 53:50.866 --> 53:52.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And that's the "NewsHour" for tonight. 53:52.500 --> 53:54.533 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% I'm Judy Woodruff. 53:54.533 --> 53:58.500 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% For all of us at the "PBS NewsHour," thank you, and we'll see you soon.