1 00:00:00,367 --> 00:00:01,101 >> Sreenivasan: IN THIS ERA OF 2 00:00:01,101 --> 00:00:02,635 "ME TOO," SURVIVORS OF SEXUAL 3 00:00:02,635 --> 00:00:04,137 ASSAULT HAVE BEEN COMING FORWARD 4 00:00:04,137 --> 00:00:05,705 WITH THEIR PERSONAL STORIES, 5 00:00:05,705 --> 00:00:07,474 SOMETIMES FROM DECADES AGO. 6 00:00:07,474 --> 00:00:09,209 THIS WEEK, P.O.V. PREMIERES THE 7 00:00:09,209 --> 00:00:11,044 DOCUMENTARY, "THE APOLOGY." 8 00:00:11,044 --> 00:00:12,912 IT FOLLOWS THE JOURNEY OF THREE 9 00:00:12,912 --> 00:00:14,948 FORMER "COMFORT WOMEN," WHO, 10 00:00:14,948 --> 00:00:16,549 70 YEARS AGO, WERE FORCED INTO 11 00:00:16,549 --> 00:00:18,284 SEXUAL SLAVERY, DURING WORLD 12 00:00:18,284 --> 00:00:19,452 WAR II. 13 00:00:19,452 --> 00:00:21,688 DECADES AFTER LIVING IN SILENCE, 14 00:00:21,688 --> 00:00:23,957 THEY TOO CAME FORWARD YEARS AGO, 15 00:00:23,957 --> 00:00:25,525 SPARKING A "ME TOO" MOVEMENT OF 16 00:00:25,525 --> 00:00:26,793 THEIR GENERATION. 17 00:00:26,793 --> 00:00:27,727 TIFFANY HSIUNG IS THE DIRECTOR 18 00:00:27,727 --> 00:00:29,095 OF THE P.O.V. DOCUMENTARY, 19 00:00:29,095 --> 00:00:29,529 "THE APOLOGY." 20 00:00:29,529 --> 00:00:31,464 SHE JOINS US NOW. 21 00:00:31,464 --> 00:00:32,766 THE IDEA OF COMFORT WOMEN-- 22 00:00:32,766 --> 00:00:33,767 I MEAN, THAT'S A EUPHEMISM. 23 00:00:33,767 --> 00:00:35,035 THESE WERE SEX SLAVES. 24 00:00:35,035 --> 00:00:36,202 LET'S JUST KIND OF BE UP FRONT 25 00:00:36,202 --> 00:00:37,037 ABOUT THAT. 26 00:00:37,037 --> 00:00:38,538 WHAT HAPPENED TO MOST OF THEM? 27 00:00:38,538 --> 00:00:40,106 HOW MANY WERE THERE? 28 00:00:40,106 --> 00:00:42,776 >> OVER 200,000 YOUNG WOMEN AND 29 00:00:42,776 --> 00:00:44,611 GIRLS WERE KIDNAPPED AND COERCED 30 00:00:44,611 --> 00:00:46,079 INTO THESE MILITARY SEXUAL 31 00:00:46,079 --> 00:00:47,280 SLAVERY SYSTEM. 32 00:00:47,280 --> 00:00:48,681 IT WAS AN INSTITUTIONALIZED 33 00:00:48,681 --> 00:00:50,283 SYSTEM THAT WAS REALLY, AT THE 34 00:00:50,283 --> 00:00:52,519 END OF THE DAY, PROTECTING THE 35 00:00:52,519 --> 00:00:54,387 SOLDIERS FROM CONTRACTING 36 00:00:54,387 --> 00:00:55,488 VENERIAL DISEASES. 37 00:00:55,488 --> 00:00:57,057 SO, DOCTORS AND NURSES WERE 38 00:00:57,057 --> 00:00:58,191 BROUGHT IN, NOT TO PROTECT THE 39 00:00:58,191 --> 00:00:59,325 WOMEN, BUT TO ACTUALLY PROTECT 40 00:00:59,325 --> 00:01:00,727 THE SOLDIERS, SO THEY CAN 41 00:01:00,727 --> 00:01:02,195 ACTUALLY CONTINUE TO FIGHT. 42 00:01:02,195 --> 00:01:03,396 >> Sreenivasan: YOU HAVE THE 43 00:01:03,396 --> 00:01:05,165 ABILITY TO LOOK INTO THE LIVES 44 00:01:05,165 --> 00:01:06,599 OF THREE VERY DIFFERENT WOMEN, 45 00:01:06,599 --> 00:01:07,700 WHO TELL YOU VERY DIFFERENT 46 00:01:07,700 --> 00:01:09,436 STORIES. 47 00:01:09,436 --> 00:01:11,071 THE CHINESE CHARACTER IN YOUR 48 00:01:11,071 --> 00:01:13,473 FILM, WHAT HAPPENED TO HER? 49 00:01:13,473 --> 00:01:15,842 >> GRANDMA CHOW HAD SUCH A 50 00:01:15,842 --> 00:01:18,011 HORRIFIC STORY. 51 00:01:18,011 --> 00:01:19,979 NOT ONLY WAS SHE TAKEN FROM HER 52 00:01:19,979 --> 00:01:21,548 VILLAGE, ONLY TWO MILES AWAY 53 00:01:21,548 --> 00:01:23,249 FROM HER HOME, BUT SHE GOT 54 00:01:23,249 --> 00:01:25,118 IMPREGNATED TWICE WHILE SHE WAS 55 00:01:25,118 --> 00:01:26,519 TAKEN. 56 00:01:26,519 --> 00:01:28,254 AND DURING THOSE PREGNANCIES, 57 00:01:28,254 --> 00:01:30,123 SHE ACTUALLY ABORTED THE BABIES 58 00:01:30,123 --> 00:01:32,559 HERSELF, BECAUSE SHE KNEW THAT 59 00:01:32,559 --> 00:01:33,793 SHE COULDN'T BRING THE CHILDREN 60 00:01:33,793 --> 00:01:35,261 THAT SHE WOULD GIVE BIRTH TO 61 00:01:35,261 --> 00:01:36,729 BACK TO HER VILLAGE. 62 00:01:36,729 --> 00:01:37,697 AND SO, THAT HAPPENED TO HER 63 00:01:37,697 --> 00:01:38,798 TWICE WHILE SHE WAS AT THE 64 00:01:38,798 --> 00:01:40,533 COMFORT STATION, AND BY THE TIME 65 00:01:40,533 --> 00:01:42,302 SHE HAD RETURNED BACK HOME, SHE 66 00:01:42,302 --> 00:01:43,736 WAS UNABLE TO CONCEIVE A CHILD 67 00:01:43,736 --> 00:01:44,971 EVER AGAIN. 68 00:01:44,971 --> 00:01:45,839 >> Sreenivasan: AND YOU ARE 69 00:01:45,839 --> 00:01:46,706 ABLE TO DOCUMENT THE 70 00:01:46,706 --> 00:01:47,707 CONVERSATIONS THAT WERE 71 00:01:47,707 --> 00:01:49,209 HAPPENING WITH HER FAMILY. 72 00:01:49,209 --> 00:01:50,076 >> WHILE WE WERE MAKING THE 73 00:01:50,076 --> 00:01:52,278 FILM, IT WAS TO MY SURPRISE THAT 74 00:01:52,278 --> 00:01:53,680 HER ADOPTED CHILDREN-- HER 75 00:01:53,680 --> 00:01:55,181 DAUGHTER, THAT SHE LIVES VERY 76 00:01:55,181 --> 00:01:57,450 CLOSE TO-- DIDN'T KNOW ANYTHING 77 00:01:57,450 --> 00:01:58,618 ABOUT THIS. 78 00:01:58,618 --> 00:01:59,953 AND SO, REALLY, THE POINT OF 79 00:01:59,953 --> 00:02:01,421 MAKING "THE APOLOGY" WAS TO 80 00:02:01,421 --> 00:02:02,822 UNDERSTAND THE COMPLEXITIES OF 81 00:02:02,822 --> 00:02:04,324 EVEN TELLING THESE HORRIFIC 82 00:02:04,324 --> 00:02:05,758 STORIES TO THE PEOPLE CLOSEST TO 83 00:02:05,758 --> 00:02:06,893 YOU, TO THE PEOPLE THAT YOU 84 00:02:06,893 --> 00:02:08,061 LOVE. 85 00:02:08,061 --> 00:02:09,195 AND I THINK FOR TODAY, WE NEED 86 00:02:09,195 --> 00:02:10,029 TO UNDERSTAND THOSE 87 00:02:10,029 --> 00:02:11,798 COMPLEXITIES, TO UNDERSTAND WHY 88 00:02:11,798 --> 00:02:14,200 IT TAKES SO LONG TO HAVE THAT 89 00:02:14,200 --> 00:02:15,502 COURAGE, TO BE ABLE TO SHARE 90 00:02:15,502 --> 00:02:17,270 STORIES PUBLICLY, EVEN. 91 00:02:17,270 --> 00:02:18,204 >> Sreenivasan: AND THERE'S A 92 00:02:18,204 --> 00:02:19,405 WOMAN FROM THE PHILIPPINES THAT 93 00:02:19,405 --> 00:02:20,807 YOU PROFILE. 94 00:02:20,807 --> 00:02:21,708 SHE'S CARRYING THE GUILT OF ALL 95 00:02:21,708 --> 00:02:23,810 THIS FOR NOT REVEALING THIS TO 96 00:02:23,810 --> 00:02:25,445 HER NOW-DEAD HUSBAND. 97 00:02:25,445 --> 00:02:27,080 >> SHE WAITED TILL HER HUSBAND 98 00:02:27,080 --> 00:02:28,548 PASSED AWAY, FOR ALL HER 99 00:02:28,548 --> 00:02:30,650 CHILDREN TO LEAVE HER NEST, FOR 100 00:02:30,650 --> 00:02:32,085 HER TO EVEN JOIN A GROUP OF 101 00:02:32,085 --> 00:02:33,253 SURVIVORS. 102 00:02:33,253 --> 00:02:34,888 YOU KNOW, SHE WAS ALWAYS SCARED 103 00:02:34,888 --> 00:02:35,855 THAT THIS WOULD BREAK HER 104 00:02:35,855 --> 00:02:36,689 FAMILY. 105 00:02:36,689 --> 00:02:37,357 OUT OF ALL THE THREE 106 00:02:37,357 --> 00:02:38,424 GRANDMOTHERS THAT WE FIMMED, SHE 107 00:02:38,424 --> 00:02:39,792 WAS ONE THAT WAS ABLE TO GET 108 00:02:39,792 --> 00:02:41,094 MARRIED, WAS ABLE TO BIRTH HER 109 00:02:41,094 --> 00:02:42,262 OWN CHILDREN, TO HAVE THIS 110 00:02:42,262 --> 00:02:43,396 FAMILY. 111 00:02:43,396 --> 00:02:44,764 AND SO, IN MANY WAYS, YOU CAN 112 00:02:44,764 --> 00:02:46,799 THINK THAT SHE HAD SO MUCH TO 113 00:02:46,799 --> 00:02:48,868 LOSE IF SHE HAD COME OUT WHILE 114 00:02:48,868 --> 00:02:50,703 HER HUSBAND WAS ALIVE, WHILE HER 115 00:02:50,703 --> 00:02:51,738 CHILDREN WERE STILL LIVING WITH 116 00:02:51,738 --> 00:02:53,139 HER. 117 00:02:53,139 --> 00:02:55,241 >> WILL YOU EVER TELL YOUR 118 00:02:55,241 --> 00:02:58,044 CHILDREN? 119 00:02:58,044 --> 00:02:59,445 >> NEVER. 120 00:02:59,445 --> 00:03:03,683 I AM NEVER TELLING ANYONE. 121 00:03:03,683 --> 00:03:05,652 THEY WOULD BE ASHAMED OF ME. 122 00:03:05,652 --> 00:03:06,452 THEY WOULD BE ASHAMED OF ME, I 123 00:03:06,452 --> 00:03:07,554 KNOW. 124 00:03:07,554 --> 00:03:09,756 THEY WILL, YES. 125 00:03:09,756 --> 00:03:11,624 >> SO, THAT WEIGHT OF, YOU KNOW, 126 00:03:11,624 --> 00:03:13,493 SHAME AND STIGMA ON HER SHOULDER 127 00:03:13,493 --> 00:03:15,395 CARRIED OVER AND OVER AND OVER 128 00:03:15,395 --> 00:03:16,729 ALL THESE YEARS, TILL SHE WAS 129 00:03:16,729 --> 00:03:18,064 80 YEARS OLD. 130 00:03:18,064 --> 00:03:20,300 AND WHEN SHE REVEALED TO ME THAT 131 00:03:20,300 --> 00:03:22,502 SHE, YOU KNOW, SHE WANTED TO ONE 132 00:03:22,502 --> 00:03:24,470 DAY-- HER WISH WAS TO ONE DAY 133 00:03:24,470 --> 00:03:25,371 TELL HER CHILDREN. 134 00:03:25,371 --> 00:03:26,272 >> Sreenivasan: WHERE DOES THE 135 00:03:26,272 --> 00:03:27,874 FILM GO FROM HERE, NOW THAT IT'S 136 00:03:27,874 --> 00:03:29,342 BEING SCREENED ON PBS? 137 00:03:29,342 --> 00:03:30,243 IT HAS BEEN RUNNING FOR A COUPLE 138 00:03:30,243 --> 00:03:31,244 OF YEARS, WITH SCREENINGS AROUND 139 00:03:31,244 --> 00:03:32,045 THE COUNTRY. 140 00:03:32,045 --> 00:03:32,745 WHAT DO YOU DO WITH IT? 141 00:03:32,745 --> 00:03:33,746 WHAT DO YOU HOPE WITH IT? 142 00:03:33,746 --> 00:03:35,081 >> I MEAN, I'M HOPING THAT WITH 143 00:03:35,081 --> 00:03:36,282 THE RISE OF THE "ME TOO" 144 00:03:36,282 --> 00:03:38,151 MOVEMENT AND TIME'S UP MOVEMENT, 145 00:03:38,151 --> 00:03:40,620 THAT WE AS A COLLECTIVE 146 00:03:40,620 --> 00:03:42,222 COMMUNITY AND GLOBAL COMMUNITY 147 00:03:42,222 --> 00:03:43,790 CAN SEE THAT WE CAN'T IGNORE 148 00:03:43,790 --> 00:03:46,059 PAST ISSUES AND PAST ATROCITIES, 149 00:03:46,059 --> 00:03:47,727 THAT IF WE JUST LET THIS GO, 150 00:03:47,727 --> 00:03:50,763 IF WE DON'T ADDRESS THIS, THAT, 151 00:03:50,763 --> 00:03:54,067 YOU KNOW, IT JUST SHOWS, YOU 152 00:03:54,067 --> 00:03:55,535 KNOW, HOW WOMEN ARE VIEWED IN 153 00:03:55,535 --> 00:03:57,370 SOCIETY STILL TODAY. 154 00:03:57,370 --> 00:03:59,439 AND THAT'S WHY, IF WE CAN'T 155 00:03:59,439 --> 00:04:00,773 RECOGNIZE THIS, HISTORY WILL 156 00:04:00,773 --> 00:04:01,741 REPEAT ITSELF. 157 00:04:01,741 --> 00:04:03,109 AND THE GRANDMOTHERS FIGHT TODAY 158 00:04:03,109 --> 00:04:05,178 NOT JUST FOR THE JUSTICE THEY 159 00:04:05,178 --> 00:04:06,045 HAVE BEEN SEEKING FOR, BUT ALSO 160 00:04:06,045 --> 00:04:07,780 FOR THE NEXT GENERATION. 161 00:04:07,780 --> 00:04:09,649 SO REALLY, IT'S OUR COLLECTIVE 162 00:04:09,649 --> 00:04:11,217 RESPONSIBILITY TO UNITE 163 00:04:11,217 --> 00:04:12,218 TOGETHER, TO FIGHT WITH THEM. 164 00:04:12,218 --> 00:04:12,952 >> Sreenivasan: I WANT TO ALSO 165 00:04:12,952 --> 00:04:16,256 ASK, YOU'VE BECOME AN HONORARY 166 00:04:16,256 --> 00:04:17,590 GRANDDAUGHTER TO MANY OF THESE 167 00:04:17,590 --> 00:04:19,025 WOMEN, AND YOU ALSO HAVE KIND OF 168 00:04:19,025 --> 00:04:20,326 A PERSONAL JOURNEY WHILE YOU'RE 169 00:04:20,326 --> 00:04:22,428 MAKING THIS, OVER A SIX-YEAR 170 00:04:22,428 --> 00:04:23,730 PERIOD. 171 00:04:23,730 --> 00:04:25,098 YOU WERE A SURVIVOR OF SEXUAL 172 00:04:25,098 --> 00:04:26,966 ASSAULT WHEN YOU WERE A CHILD? 173 00:04:26,966 --> 00:04:28,768 WATCHING THESE WOMEN, AND WHAT 174 00:04:28,768 --> 00:04:30,837 THEY'VE LIVED THROUGH, WHAT DID 175 00:04:30,837 --> 00:04:34,507 IT TEACH YOU? 176 00:04:34,507 --> 00:04:36,876 >> THESE GRANDMOTHERS TAUGHT ME 177 00:04:36,876 --> 00:04:38,745 SO MUCH ABOUT WHAT RESILIENCE 178 00:04:38,745 --> 00:04:40,480 LOOKS LIKE, WHAT COURAGE LOOKS 179 00:04:40,480 --> 00:04:45,051 LIKE, PERSEVERANCE, SACRIFICE. 180 00:04:45,051 --> 00:04:47,053 TO TRULY UNDERSTAND, YOU KNOW, 181 00:04:47,053 --> 00:04:48,521 THE WEIGHT OF WHAT SHAME LOOKS 182 00:04:48,521 --> 00:04:50,657 LIKE ON AN 80-YEAR-OLD WOMAN, 183 00:04:50,657 --> 00:04:53,293 AND TO SEE THEM OVERCOME THAT 184 00:04:53,293 --> 00:04:54,260 HAS BROUGHT ME SO MUCH 185 00:04:54,260 --> 00:04:55,995 INSPIRATION THAT I NEVER THOUGHT 186 00:04:55,995 --> 00:04:57,163 WOULD HAPPEN WHILE MAKING THIS 187 00:04:57,163 --> 00:04:58,531 FILM. 188 00:04:58,531 --> 00:04:59,666 YOU KNOW, I ALWAYS THOUGHT THAT 189 00:04:59,666 --> 00:05:01,534 IT WOULD JUST BE ME HELPING TO 190 00:05:01,534 --> 00:05:03,970 SHARE THEIR STORIES, BUT REALLY, 191 00:05:03,970 --> 00:05:05,338 THEY'VE HELPED ME. 192 00:05:05,338 --> 00:05:06,606 THEY'VE HELPED ME COME TO TERMS 193 00:05:06,606 --> 00:05:07,774 WITH A LOT OF THE THINGS THAT I 194 00:05:07,774 --> 00:05:10,076 HAD GONE THROUGH, AND MY HOPE IS 195 00:05:10,076 --> 00:05:11,644 THAT THIS FILM ALSO HELPS MANY 196 00:05:11,644 --> 00:05:13,780 OTHER PEOPLE AS WELL, MANY OTHER 197 00:05:13,780 --> 00:05:15,415 WOMEN AND PEOPLE THAT HAVE A 198 00:05:15,415 --> 00:05:16,883 STORY THAT THEY WANT TO SHARE, 199 00:05:16,883 --> 00:05:18,685 THAT THEY TOO ARE LOOKING FOR 200 00:05:18,685 --> 00:05:20,353 THAT COURAGE AND INSPIRATION TO 201 00:05:20,353 --> 00:05:21,821 ALSO SHARE THEIR STORIES. 202 00:05:21,821 --> 00:05:23,389 SO, I HOPE THAT THAT ALSO 203 00:05:23,389 --> 00:05:24,891 RESONATES WITH MANY PEOPLE 204 00:05:24,891 --> 00:05:26,292 AROUND THE WORLD AS WELL. 205 00:05:26,292 --> 00:05:27,560 >> Sreenivasan: THERE'S A PLACE 206 00:05:27,560 --> 00:05:28,561 WHERE THEY HAVE WEEKLY 207 00:05:28,561 --> 00:05:29,862 DEMONSTRATIONS OUTSIDE THE 208 00:05:29,862 --> 00:05:31,564 JAPANESE EMBASSY ABOUT THIS. 209 00:05:31,564 --> 00:05:32,699 THERE'S ACTUALLY A STATUE 210 00:05:32,699 --> 00:05:36,769 COMMEMORATING THIS. 211 00:05:34,033 --> 00:06:23,449 LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT A CLIP. 212 00:06:23,449 --> 00:06:24,150 >> Sreenivasan: WHEN YOU LOOK 213 00:06:24,150 --> 00:06:25,752 ACROSS THAT SEA OF PROTESTORS, 214 00:06:25,752 --> 00:06:27,553 THAT'S NOT WHAT YOU EXPECT THE 215 00:06:27,553 --> 00:06:28,621 YOUNG RABBLE ROUSERS TO BE. 216 00:06:28,621 --> 00:06:30,256 THESE ARE ACTUAL GRANDMAS THAT 217 00:06:30,256 --> 00:06:31,791 HAVE SURVIVED THIS, AND THEY'RE 218 00:06:31,791 --> 00:06:34,394 COMING ON A WEEKLY BASIS TO KEEP 219 00:06:34,394 --> 00:06:35,762 PRESSING THIS ISSUE. 220 00:06:35,762 --> 00:06:36,929 >> EVERY WEDNESDAY, RAIN OR 221 00:06:36,929 --> 00:06:39,198 SHINE, SINCE 1992, THEY HAVE 222 00:06:39,198 --> 00:06:41,334 BEEN DEMONSTRATING OUTSIDE THE 223 00:06:41,334 --> 00:06:42,568 JAPANESE EMBASSY IN SEOUL, 224 00:06:42,568 --> 00:06:43,870 KOREA. 225 00:06:43,870 --> 00:06:45,405 AND TO SEE THAT FOOTAGE AGAIN, I 226 00:06:45,405 --> 00:06:47,807 MEAN, IT WAS SUCH A POWERFUL 227 00:06:47,807 --> 00:06:50,176 DAY, BUT WHEN WE WERE TALKING TO 228 00:06:50,176 --> 00:06:52,378 GRANDMA GILL PRIOR TO THE 229 00:06:52,378 --> 00:06:54,380 DEMONSTRATION, I SAID-- I ASKED 230 00:06:54,380 --> 00:06:55,481 HER HOW SHE FELT. 231 00:06:55,481 --> 00:06:58,384 AND SHE SAID, SADNESS. 232 00:06:58,384 --> 00:06:59,819 SADNESS THAT, BACK THEN WHEN WE 233 00:06:59,819 --> 00:07:03,022 FILMED THAT, IT WAS A 1,000th. 234 00:07:03,022 --> 00:07:06,959 LIKE, WHY HAS IT TAKEN 1,000th 235 00:07:06,959 --> 00:07:09,829 DEMONSTRATION, AND WE'RE STILL 236 00:07:09,829 --> 00:07:10,797 GOING ON. 237 00:07:10,797 --> 00:07:12,632 AND IT'S STILL HAPPENING TODAY. 238 00:07:12,632 --> 00:07:13,599 WE'RE STILL DEMONSTRATING. 239 00:07:13,599 --> 00:07:14,367 >> Sreenivasan: WHAT IS THE SORT 240 00:07:14,367 --> 00:07:15,868 OF CURRENT STATUS OF RELATIONS 241 00:07:15,868 --> 00:07:17,003 BETWEEN JAPAN AND ALL THESE 242 00:07:17,003 --> 00:07:17,870 DIFFERENT COUNTRIES? 243 00:07:17,870 --> 00:07:19,205 IN 2015, THERE WAS KIND OF A 244 00:07:19,205 --> 00:07:21,073 BILLION-YEN SETTLEMENT, THAT 245 00:07:21,073 --> 00:07:22,341 THEY THOUGHT WOULD TRY TO MOVE 246 00:07:22,341 --> 00:07:23,976 THINGS FORWARD, BUT JUST THIS, 247 00:07:23,976 --> 00:07:25,478 YOU KNOW, VERY-- JUST A FEW 248 00:07:25,478 --> 00:07:27,013 WEEKS AGO, YOU'VE GOT THE CITY 249 00:07:27,013 --> 00:07:28,848 OF OSAKA CUTTING TIES WITH THE 250 00:07:28,848 --> 00:07:30,016 CITY OF SAN FRANSISCO, THEIR 251 00:07:30,016 --> 00:07:31,417 SISTER CITIES RELATIONSHIP, 252 00:07:31,417 --> 00:07:32,618 BECAUSE OF ONE OF THESE STATUES 253 00:07:32,618 --> 00:07:34,220 ON THE WEST COAST. 254 00:07:34,220 --> 00:07:35,421 >> RIGHT NOW, YOU KNOW, AS MORE 255 00:07:35,421 --> 00:07:37,490 PEOPLE ARE UNDERSTANDING THE 256 00:07:37,490 --> 00:07:40,226 HISTORY AND THE ISSUES, WITH THE 257 00:07:40,226 --> 00:07:41,394 GRANDMOTHERS STILL, STILL 258 00:07:41,394 --> 00:07:43,329 FIGHTING FOR AN APOLOGY, EVEN 259 00:07:43,329 --> 00:07:46,199 AFTER THE 2015 AGREEMENT BETWEEN 260 00:07:46,199 --> 00:07:48,734 THE TWO GOVERNMENTS-- 261 00:07:48,734 --> 00:07:50,470 YOU KNOW, MORE COUNTRIES ARE 262 00:07:50,470 --> 00:07:51,671 SUPPORTING WITH THE BRONZE 263 00:07:51,671 --> 00:07:53,172 STATUE, ERECTING IT INTO THEIR 264 00:07:53,172 --> 00:07:54,807 OWN CITIES EVERYWHERE. 265 00:07:54,807 --> 00:07:56,876 HOWEVER, BECAUSE THEY'RE DOING 266 00:07:56,876 --> 00:07:58,778 THAT, THE JAPANESE GOVERNMENT 267 00:07:58,778 --> 00:07:59,846 STILL DOESN'T WANT TO 268 00:07:59,846 --> 00:08:01,547 ACKNOWLEDGE, IN FACT, WANTS TO 269 00:08:01,547 --> 00:08:03,649 REMOVE THESE STATUES, AND NOT 270 00:08:03,649 --> 00:08:04,717 TAKE THE OWNERSHIP AND 271 00:08:04,717 --> 00:08:06,219 RESPONSIBILITY OF HOW THEY 272 00:08:06,219 --> 00:08:07,587 ACTUALLY, YOU KNOW, DROVE THE 273 00:08:07,587 --> 00:08:08,788 HELM BEHIND THIS 274 00:08:08,788 --> 00:08:10,156 INSTITUTIONALIZED SEXUAL SLAVERY 275 00:08:10,156 --> 00:08:11,457 SYSTEM. 276 00:08:11,457 --> 00:08:12,625 AND SO, THAT STILL GOES ON 277 00:08:12,625 --> 00:08:13,893 TODAY, THAT'S STILL HAPPENING 278 00:08:13,893 --> 00:08:15,828 TODAY, UNFORTUNATELY, BUT, YOU 279 00:08:15,828 --> 00:08:17,029 KNOW, WITH MOVEMENTS LIKE THE 280 00:08:17,029 --> 00:08:18,197 METOO CAMPAIGN AND, LIKE, 281 00:08:18,197 --> 00:08:19,732 EVERYTHING THAT'S HAPPENING 282 00:08:19,732 --> 00:08:21,467 GLOBALLY, I THINK THAT MORE AND 283 00:08:21,467 --> 00:08:22,969 MORE PEOPLE ARE STANDING BEHIND 284 00:08:22,969 --> 00:08:24,337 THIS MOVEMENT, AND STANDING 285 00:08:24,337 --> 00:08:26,572 BEHIND THESE STATUES AND MAKING 286 00:08:26,572 --> 00:08:27,874 SURE THAT THEY AREN'T REMOVED, 287 00:08:27,874 --> 00:08:28,741 BECAUSE IT REALLY IS 288 00:08:28,741 --> 00:08:30,510 SYMBOLIZING, YOU KNOW, HOW WOMEN 289 00:08:30,510 --> 00:08:32,512 ARE VIEWED IN SOCIETY TODAY. 290 00:08:32,512 --> 00:08:33,446 YOU KNOW, IT'S VERY MUCH A 291 00:08:33,446 --> 00:08:34,580 GLOBAL ISSUE. 292 00:08:34,580 --> 00:08:35,448 >> Sreenivasan: HOW MUCH OF A 293 00:08:35,448 --> 00:08:37,016 DIFFERENCE WAS THE COMPOSITION 294 00:08:37,016 --> 00:08:38,551 OF THE STAFF-- AT LEAST THE 295 00:08:38,551 --> 00:08:40,052 GENDER OF THE STAFF, IN MAKING 296 00:08:40,052 --> 00:08:42,021 THIS FILM, AND THE FINAL PRODUCT 297 00:08:42,021 --> 00:08:43,189 THAT WE HAVE? 298 00:08:43,189 --> 00:08:43,856 >> IT'S HUGE. 299 00:08:43,856 --> 00:08:45,791 "THE APOLOGY" WAS MADE WITH THE 300 00:08:45,791 --> 00:08:47,460 NATIONAL FILM BOARD OF CANADA, 301 00:08:47,460 --> 00:08:49,729 WITH INCREDIBLE PRODUCTION TEAM, 302 00:08:49,729 --> 00:08:51,063 OUR PRODUCER, ANITA LEE, OUR 303 00:08:51,063 --> 00:08:52,865 EDITOR, MARY STEPHEN, COMPOSER 304 00:08:52,865 --> 00:08:54,534 LESLEY BARBER. 305 00:08:54,534 --> 00:08:56,168 A MAJORITY OF THE STAFF ARE 306 00:08:56,168 --> 00:08:57,336 INCREDIBLE, PIONEERING, FEMALE 307 00:08:57,336 --> 00:08:58,704 FILMMAKERS THEMSELVES. 308 00:08:58,704 --> 00:09:01,474 AND TO HAVE THAT FEMALE LENS, TO 309 00:09:01,474 --> 00:09:03,609 BE ABLE TO CAPTURE THE NUANCES 310 00:09:03,609 --> 00:09:05,444 AND THE AFTERMATH OF WHAT THESE 311 00:09:05,444 --> 00:09:07,413 WOMEN HAD GONE THROUGH AND WHAT 312 00:09:07,413 --> 00:09:09,015 THEIR DYNAMICS ARE WITH THE 313 00:09:09,015 --> 00:09:10,316 FAMILY, IS SO IMPORTANT FOR 314 00:09:10,316 --> 00:09:12,285 PEOPLE TO UNDERSTAND, TO CONNECT 315 00:09:12,285 --> 00:09:13,786 WITH THE GRANDMOTHER'S STORIES, 316 00:09:13,786 --> 00:09:15,821 TO CONNECT WITH THESE ISSUES. 317 00:09:15,821 --> 00:09:16,856 AND, AND TO NOT ISOLATE THIS 318 00:09:16,856 --> 00:09:18,691 ISSUE AS AN "ASIAN ISSUE," AS A 319 00:09:18,691 --> 00:09:21,160 HISTORICAL ISSUE, TO TRULY 320 00:09:21,160 --> 00:09:23,162 CONNECT WITH THEM AS PEOPLE 321 00:09:23,162 --> 00:09:24,597 FIRST. 322 00:09:24,597 --> 00:09:25,364 >> Sreenivasan: THE DOCUMENTARY 323 00:09:25,364 --> 00:09:26,065 IS CALLED "THE APOLOGY." 324 00:09:26,065 --> 00:09:26,966 TIFFANY HSIUNG, THANKS SO MUCH 325 00:09:26,966 --> 00:09:27,633 FOR JOINING US. 326 00:09:27,633 --> 00:09:31,633 >> THANK YOU.