>> Sreenivasan: THE DEPARTMENT
OF DEFENSE HAS A PROPOSED BUDGET
OF $686 BILLION FOR 2019, AND,
AS YOU CAN IMAGINE, THE LION'S
SHARE OF THAT MONEY GOES TO
PLANES, SHIPS, WEAPONRY AND
PERSONNEL TO FIGHT A
CONVENTIONAL WAR.
BUT THE U.S. AND ITS ALLIES
ARE ALSO PREPARING FOR A NEW
KIND OF WARFARE FOUGHT NOT ON
LAND AND SEA AND AIR, BUT ACROSS
COMPUTER NETWORKS.
NEWSHOUR WEEKEND SPECIAL
CORRESPONDENT CHRISTOPHER
LIVESAY HAS THE STORY FROM
TALLINN, ESTONIA.
>> Reporter: THE CLOCK IS
TICKING AS NATO JUMPS INTO
ACTION TO PROTECT ONE OF THEIR
OWN.
>> THERE ARE NATO NATIONS THAT
HAVE DETERRENCE FORCE TROOPS ON
THE ISLAND OF BERYLIA, AND THEY
ARE TRYING TO DETER AGGRESSION
FROM CRIMSONIA.
>> Reporter: BERYLIA'S POWER
GRID HAS BEEN HACKED, ITS WATER
SYSTEM CONTAMINATED...
>> THE DRONES, THEY NEED TO FLY
THEIR MISSION!
>> Reporter: ...AND ITS
SURVEILLANCE DRONES SENT OFF
COURSE, LEADING EUROPE TO THE
BRINK OF WAR.
>> IT MAY BE ATTACKED THIS WAY.
>> Reporter: NO, YOU HAVEN'T
MISSED THE LATEST NEWS FROM
EUROPE.
THIS IS NOT REAL WAR; IT'S A WAR
GAME, THE LARGEST LIVE-FIRE
CYBER DEFENSE EXERCISE IN THE
WORLD, INVOLVING MORE THAN 1,000
EXPERTS FROM 30 NATIONS.
IT'’’S CALLED LOCKED SHIELDS.
THE NERVE CENTER OF THE
OPERATION IS A HOTEL BALLROOM IN
THE PICTURESQUE EASTERN EUROPEAN
CITY OF TALLINN, ESTONIA.
IT'S THE HOME OF THE EVENT'S
ORGANIZERS, THE NATO COOPERATIVE
CYBER DEFENSE CENTER OF
EXCELLENCE.
>> THE MOST SERIOUS THREATS ARE
COMING FROM NATIONS AND
NATION-STATES' AFFILIATED
GROUPS.
>> Reporter: THE CENTER'S
DIRECTOR, ESTONIAN MERLE MAIGRE,
SAYS IN A WORLD MORE AND MORE
DEPENDENT ON THE INTERNET, THESE
WAR GAMES ARE MORE IMPORTANT
THAN EVER.
>> THE MOST DANGEROUS TARGETS
ARE IN CRITICAL INFORMATION
INFRASTRUCTURE-- OUR BANKING
SYSTEMS, OUR TRAFFIC CONTROL
SYSTEMS, OUR PORTS, AIRPORTS.
ALL OF THIS IS RUN BY SYSTEMS
THAT WERE SET UP IN THE '70s OR
'80s WHEN CYBER SECURITY
MEASURES WEREN'T REALLY THE
FIRST PRIORITY, AND THEREBY THEY
ARE VULNERABLE TO CYBER ATTACKS
AS MORE AND MORE SYSTEMS ARE...
ARE LINKED UP WITH INTERNET.
>> Reporter: SO, HYPOTHETICALLY
SPEAKING, A... AN ATTACKER COULD
TARGET THE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL
SYSTEM OF A COUNTRY AND CAUSE A
PLANE CRASH.
>> ABSOLUTELY.
THEORETICALLY SPEAKING, YOU
DON'T REALLY NEED TO START A WAR
BY TARGETING THE MILITARY.
A CODE CAN RENDER YOUR FIGHTER
PILOTS INCAPABLE EVEN BEFORE
THEY TAKE OFF.
>> Reporter: THE C.C.D.C.O.E.
HAS BEEN RUNNING LOCKED SHIELDS
EVERY YEAR SINCE 2010 WITH A
SIMILAR SCENARIO: THE FICTIONAL
COUNTRY OF CRIMSONIA WHICH SEEKS
TO DOMINATE THE REGION LAUNCHES
A MASSIVE CYBER ATTACK AGAINST
THE EQUALLY FICTIONAL BERYLIA.
BERYLIA CALLS ON ITS NATO ALLIES
FOR HELP.
ALTHOUGH THE SCENARIO ISN'T
REAL, THE ATTACKS ARE MEANT TO
MIMIC THREATS THAT ARE, THREATS
LIKE THOSE NATO FACES FROM
POTENTIALLY HOSTILE COUNTRIES
INCLUDING RUSSIA.
>> THAT IS EXACTLY WHAT HAPPENED
TWO YEARS BACK IN UKRAINE WHEN
THE ATTACKS AGAINST THE POWER
GRID HAPPENED.
>> Reporter: 22 SO CALLED "BLUE
TEAMS" FROM NATO AND E.U.
NATIONS MUST DEFEND BERYLIA.
THEY'LL BE RANKED ON HOW WELL
THEY PROTECT ITS ELECTRICITY
GRID, EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM, SURVEILLANCE DRONES AND
WATER SUPPLY FROM THE HACKERS.
AMERICAN COMMANDER MICHAEL
WIDMANN IS ONE OF THE
COORDINATORS.
>> THESE ARE THE ACTUAL MOCKUPS
OF THE WATER GENERATION PLANTS
THAT WE'RE USING DURING THE
EXERCISE.
YOU CAN SEE THE BLUE TEAM
NUMBERS CORRESPONDING TO THE
TEAMS THAT ARE TRYING TO DEFEND
THEM.
THIS ONE HERE HAS BEEN
COMPROMISED.
THE WATER'S TURNED GREEN, SO
IT'S NOT SUITABLE FOR HUMAN
CONSUMPTION.
>> Reporter: BLUE IS SAFE.
GREEN MEANS THERE'S TOO LITTLE
CHLORINE IN THE WATER SUPPLY;
RED, TOO MUCH.
>> FROM OVERALL, LOOKING AT THE
MODELS HERE, THREE TEAMS HAVE
LOST CONTROL OF THEIR WATER
PURIFICATION PLANTS.
>> Reporter: AND THAT'S LEADING
TO BIGGER PROBLEMS.
>> CITIZENS FROM BERYLIA HAVE
GOTTEN SICK.
THE DETERRENCE FORCE PERSONNEL
THAT ARE ON THE ISLAND ARE NOW
HAVING TO DEAL WITH SICK
PERSONNEL, SICK BERYLIAN
CITIZENS.
THEY'’’RE ALSO DEALING WITH RIOTS.
THEY'RE ALSO DEALING WITH A... A
PROXY GROUP FROM CRIMSONIA THAT
ARE ETHNIC CRIMSONIANS WITHIN
BERYLIA.
AND THEY ARE TAKING THE
ADVANTAGE OF THE INCIDENTS THAT
ARE OCCURRING TO DESTABILIZE
THE GOVERNMENT, ESSENTIALLY.
>> Reporter: DURING THE LOCKED
SHIELDS EVENT, DEFENDERS USUALLY
COMPETE REMOTELY FROM THEIR HOME
COUNTRIES.
THE ESTONIAN TEAM WAS IN SECURE
ROOMS AT C.C.D.C.O.E
HEADQUARTERS IN TALLINN.
THAT'S WHERE WE FOUND THE
AMERICAN TEAM, AS WELL.
IN PAST YEARS, THE U.S.
COMPETED ON ITS OWN AND DIDN'T
ALWAYS FARE WELL.
IN 2017, IT CAME IN 12th.
THIS YEAR, THE U.S. TEAMED UP
WITH THREE BALTIC COUNTRIES,
INCLUDING ESTONIA, WHICH CAME IN
SECOND LAST YEAR.
>> THE MORE WE CAN LEARN FROM
ONE ANOTHER...
>> Reporter: U.S. ARMY COLONEL
BRIAN VILE SAYS IT JUST MADE
SENSE.
>> REALLY THIS YEAR WAS A
COMPLETE CHANGE IN TACTIC.
WE SAID WE'RE NOT GOING TO
COMPETE INDIVIDUALLY.
INSTEAD, WHAT WE'RE GOING TO DO
IS WE'RE GOING TO COOPERATE,
LEARN FROM ONE ANOTHER.
AND THAT WAY, IF WE FINISH FIRST
OR WE'RE WITH THE TEAM THAT
FINISHED FIRST, WE MAKE SURE
THAT WE FIGURE OUT WHAT THEY ARE
DOING THAT'’’S SO GOOD.
AND WE CAN TAKE IT BACK TO
OURSELVES AND HOPEFULLY PUSH
THAT BACK OUT TO ALL THE OTHER
TEAMS THAT WE WORK WITH AND ALL
THE OTHER ALLIES.
>> Reporter: THE GAME LASTS TWO
DAYS.
IN THE END, EACH TEAM DEFENDING
BERYLIA TOOK HITS.
ALL THE SURVEILLANCE DRONES AND
EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS
WERE COMPROMISED IN SOME WAY, AS
WERE A LITTLE OVER HALF THE
ELECTRICITY AND WATER SYSTEMS.
>> THERE'S A LOT OF LEARNING,
ACTUALLY.
>> YEAH, THERE IS A LOT.
>> Reporter: THE U.S./ESTONIA
TEAM CAME IN FOURTH.
BUT COLONEL VILE SAYS WINNING IS
NOT THE POINT OF LOCKED SHIELDS;
LEARNING IS.
>> IT'’’S ALL ABOUT COOPERATION.
IT'S ALL ABOUT INFORMATION
SHARING.
NONE OF US IS AS SMART AS ALL OF
US.
>> SOMETHING IS VERY, VERY
WRONG.
>> SO, THE GREAT THING THAT WE
ARE GETTING OUT OF THIS IS THE
ABILITY TO WORK WITH THE
PARTNERS SO IF SOMETHING EVER
DOES HAPPEN IN THE REAL WORLD,
WE'RE THAT MUCH BETTER PREPARED
FOR IT.