1 00:00:00,966 --> 00:00:04,800 - [Announcer] Montana AG Live is made possible by 2 00:00:04,800 --> 00:00:07,533 the Montana Department of Agriculture, 3 00:00:07,533 --> 00:00:10,133 the MSU Extension Service, 4 00:00:10,133 --> 00:00:11,933 the MSU Ag Experiment Stations 5 00:00:11,933 --> 00:00:14,233 of the College of Agriculture, 6 00:00:14,233 --> 00:00:17,533 the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee, 7 00:00:17,533 --> 00:00:20,333 the Montana Bankers Association, 8 00:00:20,333 --> 00:00:23,100 Cashman Nursery and Landscaping, 9 00:00:23,100 --> 00:00:26,166 and the Gallatin Gardeners Club. 10 00:00:26,166 --> 00:00:28,133 (cows mooing) 11 00:00:28,133 --> 00:00:31,466 (bright acoustic music) 12 00:00:32,600 --> 00:00:34,400 ♪ If your herbicides and fungicides 13 00:00:34,400 --> 00:00:36,266 ♪ And pesticides are old 14 00:00:36,266 --> 00:00:39,566 ♪ The veggies you are growing in your garden start to mold 15 00:00:39,566 --> 00:00:43,333 ♪ If the ants are attacking and you're having a hard time 16 00:00:43,333 --> 00:00:46,900 ♪ Call Montana AG Live 17 00:00:46,900 --> 00:00:50,400 ♪ Knapweed in the ditch and the old bull's got an itch 18 00:00:50,400 --> 00:00:53,900 ♪ Ticks upon my sheep and the wool is really cheap 19 00:00:53,900 --> 00:00:58,133 ♪ The gophers in the pasture are even worse than last year 20 00:00:58,133 --> 00:01:02,066 ♪ Montana AG Live where are you 21 00:01:09,000 --> 00:01:11,833 - Good evening, welcome to Montana Ag Live, 22 00:01:11,833 --> 00:01:15,733 originating tonight from the studios at KUSM, 23 00:01:15,733 --> 00:01:19,000 on the beautiful campus of Montana State University, 24 00:01:19,000 --> 00:01:22,766 and coming to you over the Montana Public 25 00:01:22,766 --> 00:01:23,966 I'm Jack Riesselman, 26 00:01:23,966 --> 00:01:26,366 I'll be your host or coordinator tonight. 27 00:01:26,366 --> 00:01:27,300 Welcome back. 28 00:01:27,300 --> 00:01:30,133 I think most of you who have seen the program in the past, 29 00:01:30,133 --> 00:01:31,400 know how it works. 30 00:01:31,400 --> 00:01:34,100 If you have questions pertaining to the expertise 31 00:01:34,100 --> 00:01:36,866 of our stunning panel this evening, 32 00:01:36,866 --> 00:01:39,900 then, call 'em in, and we'll provide the answers. 33 00:01:39,900 --> 00:01:41,300 It's a lot of fun, for those of you 34 00:01:41,300 --> 00:01:42,966 who haven't watched before, 35 00:01:42,966 --> 00:01:46,100 if you have some questions, please join in and call. 36 00:01:46,100 --> 00:01:47,200 There'll be a telephone number 37 00:01:47,200 --> 00:01:49,066 on the screen most of the evening. 38 00:01:49,066 --> 00:01:51,233 Let me start off the evening by introducing 39 00:01:51,233 --> 00:01:53,100 our panel this evening. 40 00:01:53,100 --> 00:01:56,200 To the far left, is Mary Burrows. 41 00:01:56,200 --> 00:01:58,600 Mary is the extension Plant Pathologist 42 00:01:58,600 --> 00:02:00,566 at Montana State University. 43 00:02:00,566 --> 00:02:02,333 Next to her, our special guest, 44 00:02:02,333 --> 00:02:05,066 and we're happy to have you down here, this evening Jasmine. 45 00:02:05,066 --> 00:02:06,900 It's Jasmine Reimer, and she is the 46 00:02:06,900 --> 00:02:09,300 Noxious Weed Trust Fund Coordinator, 47 00:02:09,300 --> 00:02:12,100 based with the Department of Agriculture in Helena. 48 00:02:12,100 --> 00:02:13,400 Glad you could make it. 49 00:02:13,400 --> 00:02:18,333 I think you all recognize the lovely smile of Jane Mangold. 50 00:02:18,333 --> 00:02:22,133 Jane is our invasive weed specialist. 51 00:02:22,133 --> 00:02:26,200 I like to call her herbicide weed specialist. 52 00:02:26,200 --> 00:02:29,733 Next to her, Toby, Toby Day is our plant specialist, 53 00:02:29,733 --> 00:02:31,033 horticulturalist. 54 00:02:31,033 --> 00:02:33,600 And from there let me introduce the panel. 55 00:02:33,600 --> 00:02:37,000 On the left, an old friend, Judge Bruce Lobo. 56 00:02:37,000 --> 00:02:38,766 Judge Lobo used to be 57 00:02:39,866 --> 00:02:42,133 the Chief Water Court Justice, 58 00:02:42,133 --> 00:02:43,466 and he has volunteered to answer 59 00:02:43,466 --> 00:02:45,600 the phones tonight, so welcome. 60 00:02:45,600 --> 00:02:48,200 Next to Bruce is Don Seifert, 61 00:02:48,200 --> 00:02:49,933 and then there's Don Mathre. 62 00:02:49,933 --> 00:02:52,566 Folks, you can start making the phone calls 63 00:02:52,566 --> 00:02:53,600 anytime you like. 64 00:02:53,600 --> 00:02:56,033 We have the people there waiting to take them. 65 00:02:56,033 --> 00:02:57,733 Jasmine, tell us a little about 66 00:02:57,733 --> 00:02:59,133 the Noxious Weed Trust Fund, 67 00:02:59,133 --> 00:03:00,733 and what you do for the state. 68 00:03:00,733 --> 00:03:03,566 - Sure, so the Noxious Weed Trust Fund, 69 00:03:03,566 --> 00:03:05,066 is pretty unique to Montana. 70 00:03:05,066 --> 00:03:07,333 We're the only state that has one. 71 00:03:07,333 --> 00:03:09,233 It was started in 1985, 72 00:03:12,666 --> 00:03:14,366 and it was money put into a trust 73 00:03:14,366 --> 00:03:17,166 just for noxious weed control in this state. 74 00:03:17,166 --> 00:03:20,966 There are four different types of grants 75 00:03:20,966 --> 00:03:22,700 that you can get through the trust fund, 76 00:03:22,700 --> 00:03:23,800 and then I'm the coordinator, 77 00:03:23,800 --> 00:03:26,333 so I put out those requests 78 00:03:26,333 --> 00:03:28,400 and go through the applications, 79 00:03:28,400 --> 00:03:31,900 and then I go through and survey all the grants 80 00:03:31,900 --> 00:03:33,433 that are out there in Montana. 81 00:03:33,433 --> 00:03:36,866 - And for what I've seen, since I've been here in 1985 82 00:03:36,866 --> 00:03:40,300 is the Noxious Weed Trust Fund has been very successful, 83 00:03:40,300 --> 00:03:43,566 in minimizing, not eliminating, but minimizing, 84 00:03:43,566 --> 00:03:45,166 some of the effects of weeds in this state. 85 00:03:45,166 --> 00:03:46,833 You guys have done a great job. 86 00:03:46,833 --> 00:03:48,633 - Everybody that's applied and has a grant 87 00:03:48,633 --> 00:03:50,500 has done a great job. 88 00:03:50,500 --> 00:03:51,333 - That's good. 89 00:03:51,333 --> 00:03:53,433 Okay, let's start off this evening with Toby. 90 00:03:53,433 --> 00:03:56,466 This is a question from last week. 91 00:03:56,466 --> 00:03:58,000 It said Valentine, but I think 92 00:03:58,000 --> 00:04:00,866 they meant Ballantine, Montana. 93 00:04:00,866 --> 00:04:04,300 They would like some sort of berry, in the sun area, 94 00:04:04,300 --> 00:04:05,533 around the house. 95 00:04:05,533 --> 00:04:08,700 Any particular berry that you would recommend, 96 00:04:08,700 --> 00:04:11,333 that would thrive in a sunny area around the house? 97 00:04:11,333 --> 00:04:13,266 - Well most of our berries are, 98 00:04:13,266 --> 00:04:15,233 we will be putting in a sunny area, 99 00:04:15,233 --> 00:04:17,666 so strawberries, raspberries, 100 00:04:17,666 --> 00:04:20,966 those are the two that I would normally recommend. 101 00:04:20,966 --> 00:04:23,100 If you want to try something a little different, 102 00:04:23,100 --> 00:04:24,733 probably some currants, 103 00:04:24,733 --> 00:04:28,300 riverbank grape would be one, that you might look at. 104 00:04:28,300 --> 00:04:29,600 And then you can probably even get into 105 00:04:29,600 --> 00:04:31,866 some of the newer ones, like haskap. 106 00:04:31,866 --> 00:04:35,033 But most of your berries are gonna be in the sun anyway. 107 00:04:35,033 --> 00:04:36,000 - All right. 108 00:04:36,000 --> 00:04:37,533 - [Jane] I have a follow up question, Toby. 109 00:04:37,533 --> 00:04:40,000 Do you know anything about the goji berries? 110 00:04:40,000 --> 00:04:42,066 And isn't there some interest in 111 00:04:42,066 --> 00:04:45,400 trying to grow those in Montana? 112 00:04:45,400 --> 00:04:47,866 - Yeah, I think that there is some interest in that, 113 00:04:47,866 --> 00:04:50,933 and I know we are doing a small fruit research 114 00:04:50,933 --> 00:04:52,466 here on campus, 115 00:04:52,466 --> 00:04:55,466 and in other research stations. 116 00:04:55,466 --> 00:04:56,400 I'm not sure if goji berry 117 00:04:56,400 --> 00:04:59,033 is actually in that research plots or not, 118 00:04:59,033 --> 00:05:02,000 but I know that we're looking at a lot of different 119 00:05:02,000 --> 00:05:04,133 and new kind of berries, 120 00:05:04,133 --> 00:05:06,866 anything from haskaps to bush cherries. 121 00:05:06,866 --> 00:05:08,600 Those are the major ones that I know of, 122 00:05:08,600 --> 00:05:10,366 but roni I think is another one 123 00:05:10,366 --> 00:05:11,400 that we're looking at also. 124 00:05:11,400 --> 00:05:13,466 So there's quite a few that we're looking at for Montana. 125 00:05:13,466 --> 00:05:15,233 - Warmer temperatures, different berries. 126 00:05:15,233 --> 00:05:16,300 - Yes, 127 00:05:16,300 --> 00:05:18,066 but still, really not blueberries, 128 00:05:18,066 --> 00:05:21,933 unless you're up in that northwestern part of the state. 129 00:05:21,933 --> 00:05:25,333 - Jasmine, from Scobey, they've heard of the 130 00:05:25,333 --> 00:05:27,566 Noxious Weed Trust Fund in the past. 131 00:05:27,566 --> 00:05:31,300 They'd like to know where the dollars come from, 132 00:05:31,300 --> 00:05:34,566 that funds the Noxious Weed Trust Fund. 133 00:05:36,200 --> 00:05:38,666 - So the money that goes into the trust, 134 00:05:38,666 --> 00:05:41,033 it has a $10 million cap. 135 00:05:41,033 --> 00:05:43,200 So the interest every year gets swept, 136 00:05:43,200 --> 00:05:45,700 and gets put into grant funds. 137 00:05:46,600 --> 00:05:48,333 We also get 1.5% 138 00:05:49,866 --> 00:05:53,066 on vehicle registration fees each year. 139 00:05:53,066 --> 00:05:53,900 And those go in. 140 00:05:53,900 --> 00:05:55,900 We get 100,000 from MDT, 141 00:05:57,600 --> 00:05:59,033 that gets put into those grants. 142 00:05:59,033 --> 00:06:03,133 And we also get corporate forestry assistance money. 143 00:06:04,466 --> 00:06:05,900 - So on an average year, 144 00:06:05,900 --> 00:06:07,533 and I know it's hard to say average, 145 00:06:07,533 --> 00:06:09,633 but say in a normal year, 146 00:06:11,400 --> 00:06:13,066 what amount of money is available 147 00:06:13,066 --> 00:06:17,133 for grants in the state to control weeds or minimize them? 148 00:06:17,133 --> 00:06:18,666 - Sure, through the trust fund 149 00:06:18,666 --> 00:06:21,133 we award about two million each year. 150 00:06:21,133 --> 00:06:24,633 This last year in '17, was 2.2 million. 151 00:06:24,633 --> 00:06:26,000 - [Jack] That's a considerable amount of money. 152 00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:29,033 - Definitely, and a lot of it is 50%, 153 00:06:29,033 --> 00:06:31,466 so that's only half of what's getting spent. 154 00:06:31,466 --> 00:06:33,266 - Okay, thank you. 155 00:06:33,266 --> 00:06:37,000 Jane, from Bozeman, is there anything people can do 156 00:06:37,000 --> 00:06:40,500 to encourage their neighbors to control noxious weeds? 157 00:06:40,500 --> 00:06:42,900 You know what, that's an issue here in Bozeman. 158 00:06:42,900 --> 00:06:44,466 I can attest to that. 159 00:06:44,466 --> 00:06:47,433 - Well I think it's an issue all across the state. 160 00:06:47,433 --> 00:06:49,666 And I think in the more urban areas, 161 00:06:49,666 --> 00:06:53,133 and some of the subdivisions and homeowners associations 162 00:06:53,133 --> 00:06:57,233 in our more populated areas, it's probably a bigger issue, 163 00:06:57,233 --> 00:06:58,933 maybe then some others. 164 00:06:58,933 --> 00:07:02,733 One thing you can do is talk to your neighbor, 165 00:07:02,733 --> 00:07:04,700 and try to educate your neighbor 166 00:07:04,700 --> 00:07:08,133 about why noxious weeds are an issue, and 167 00:07:09,433 --> 00:07:11,933 why they should care. 168 00:07:11,933 --> 00:07:14,500 There is a county noxious weed control act, 169 00:07:14,500 --> 00:07:16,566 that you are required by law 170 00:07:16,566 --> 00:07:20,900 to keep your weeds from propagating on your property, 171 00:07:20,900 --> 00:07:23,733 but most neighbors you don't want 172 00:07:23,733 --> 00:07:25,533 to pull out the heavy club. 173 00:07:25,533 --> 00:07:27,966 I think it's better to talk to them first 174 00:07:27,966 --> 00:07:31,700 about the issues associated with noxious weeds. 175 00:07:31,700 --> 00:07:34,633 Try to appeal to something that's important to them. 176 00:07:34,633 --> 00:07:37,000 So if you know they like native wildflowers, 177 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:40,400 talk about how these plants can displace native flowers. 178 00:07:40,400 --> 00:07:42,666 If they have livestock, 179 00:07:42,666 --> 00:07:46,633 perhaps talk about how some of these species are toxic. 180 00:07:46,633 --> 00:07:50,866 And then I would encourage some sort of community event 181 00:07:50,866 --> 00:07:53,366 to get people, like a weed-pull. 182 00:07:53,366 --> 00:07:56,033 Let's all get together, do a weed-pull for a couple hours, 183 00:07:56,033 --> 00:07:58,666 and then maybe have a barbecue or something like that. 184 00:07:58,666 --> 00:08:01,033 So you kind of make it a social event 185 00:08:01,033 --> 00:08:03,933 to maybe perhaps introduce the concepts 186 00:08:03,933 --> 00:08:06,600 associated with noxious weeds. 187 00:08:06,600 --> 00:08:08,200 - I'm gonna ask a follow up question, 188 00:08:08,200 --> 00:08:10,933 and both you and Jasmine can get involved here. 189 00:08:10,933 --> 00:08:12,366 It's not only private land 190 00:08:12,366 --> 00:08:14,100 I'm seeing a lot of noxious weeds, 191 00:08:14,100 --> 00:08:17,133 specifically Canada thistle and a few others, 192 00:08:17,133 --> 00:08:19,900 if it's on public land, what do you do? 193 00:08:19,900 --> 00:08:22,266 Or how do you address that? 194 00:08:22,266 --> 00:08:25,600 - Again, I think visiting with whatever 195 00:08:25,600 --> 00:08:29,300 agency is in charge of managing that land. 196 00:08:29,300 --> 00:08:32,833 I know that the state and federal agencies, 197 00:08:32,833 --> 00:08:37,000 they have a lot of land to try to manage noxious weeds on, 198 00:08:37,000 --> 00:08:38,900 and they typically don't have 199 00:08:38,900 --> 00:08:42,866 all the funding that's required to manage them, 200 00:08:42,866 --> 00:08:44,200 to the full extent. 201 00:08:44,200 --> 00:08:45,866 So I don't know if Jasmine wants to 202 00:08:45,866 --> 00:08:47,133 jump in there. - I think if you're not sure 203 00:08:47,133 --> 00:08:50,900 who to contact, I'd call the county weed district, 204 00:08:50,900 --> 00:08:53,200 or extension, and they would have the names 205 00:08:53,200 --> 00:08:56,466 of those regional people to contact. 206 00:08:56,466 --> 00:08:58,033 - We have a follow up question that just came in, 207 00:08:58,033 --> 00:08:59,266 we'll get back to you in a minute. 208 00:08:59,266 --> 00:09:02,033 But Mary, here's one from last week. 209 00:09:02,033 --> 00:09:03,766 From Forsythe, they have noticed 210 00:09:03,766 --> 00:09:06,500 chokecherries and aspens in the foothills, 211 00:09:06,500 --> 00:09:08,466 but primarily chokecherries 212 00:09:08,466 --> 00:09:11,166 have black knots growing on them. 213 00:09:11,166 --> 00:09:12,866 Do you know what that is, 214 00:09:12,866 --> 00:09:14,800 and how would you control that? 215 00:09:14,800 --> 00:09:18,366 - That's how you recognize cherry, it has black knots. 216 00:09:18,366 --> 00:09:21,400 It's a fungal disease, creates cankers 217 00:09:21,400 --> 00:09:24,166 that have that distinctive shape. 218 00:09:24,166 --> 00:09:27,500 And we recommend that homeowners prune them out, 219 00:09:27,500 --> 00:09:31,200 and while there is, they're a natural phenomenon. 220 00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:34,933 - Jasmine, this question came in from Hardin. 221 00:09:34,933 --> 00:09:39,100 They said of the $2.2 million that are awarded in grants, 222 00:09:40,500 --> 00:09:43,733 how many different grants were involved roughly? 223 00:09:43,733 --> 00:09:44,600 - Around 200. 224 00:09:44,600 --> 00:09:45,866 - [Jack] 200? 225 00:09:45,866 --> 00:09:48,366 Who applies for these grants? 226 00:09:48,366 --> 00:09:51,166 - So we have a section of grants 227 00:09:51,166 --> 00:09:54,833 that goes to each county weed district, and reservation. 228 00:09:54,833 --> 00:09:58,166 And then we also have universities apply, 229 00:09:58,166 --> 00:09:59,966 extension applies, 230 00:09:59,966 --> 00:10:04,033 we have non-profits, local county weed districts. 231 00:10:05,466 --> 00:10:08,033 It's really who wants to apply. 232 00:10:10,466 --> 00:10:13,200 - Is there a lower limit, an upper limit, 233 00:10:13,200 --> 00:10:16,066 of the amount of funding people can apply for? 234 00:10:16,066 --> 00:10:17,066 - There's an upper limit, 235 00:10:17,066 --> 00:10:20,100 so you can get funded up to $75,000. 236 00:10:20,933 --> 00:10:23,366 - Sounds like a plan to me. 237 00:10:23,366 --> 00:10:27,100 - Jane, we talked about this ahead of time, 238 00:10:27,100 --> 00:10:28,800 so if you don't fall out of the chair 239 00:10:28,800 --> 00:10:30,966 you can bring up the prop. 240 00:10:30,966 --> 00:10:34,966 From Laurel, this person called last week, 241 00:10:34,966 --> 00:10:36,566 and would like you to talk about 242 00:10:36,566 --> 00:10:39,400 the new Roundup for grass control. 243 00:10:40,633 --> 00:10:43,633 - Yeah, so I'm glad this call came in, 244 00:10:43,633 --> 00:10:46,400 because I was actually planning on bringing this, 245 00:10:46,400 --> 00:10:48,633 this item tonight for a show and tell. 246 00:10:48,633 --> 00:10:50,166 So just in the last couple of weeks, 247 00:10:50,166 --> 00:10:51,866 we learned that there's a new product 248 00:10:51,866 --> 00:10:55,400 on the shelf this spring, it's called Roundup for lawns. 249 00:10:55,400 --> 00:10:58,266 Now Roundup, for many many many many years 250 00:10:58,266 --> 00:11:00,700 has been the active ingredient glyphosate 251 00:11:00,700 --> 00:11:02,800 which is non-selective, 252 00:11:02,800 --> 00:11:05,266 and something you wouldn't want to use on your lawn, 253 00:11:05,266 --> 00:11:07,733 unless you were trying to get rid of it. 254 00:11:07,733 --> 00:11:09,900 This product here, Roundup for lawns, 255 00:11:09,900 --> 00:11:13,266 and the 'for lawns' is down underneath the Roundup, 256 00:11:13,266 --> 00:11:16,433 is actually a combination of four different 257 00:11:16,433 --> 00:11:21,033 active ingredients, none of which are glyphosate. 258 00:11:21,033 --> 00:11:24,600 There's four different active ingredients. 259 00:11:24,600 --> 00:11:28,800 They affect a broad spectrum of mostly broad-leafed plants. 260 00:11:30,933 --> 00:11:34,433 But they can affect grasses, pre-emergent. 261 00:11:37,733 --> 00:11:39,133 I wanted to bring this on tonight, 262 00:11:39,133 --> 00:11:42,566 because we have been receiving some calls from it, 263 00:11:42,566 --> 00:11:45,033 or about it, to our extension offices, 264 00:11:45,033 --> 00:11:47,633 and to the Scutter Diagnostic Lab. 265 00:11:47,633 --> 00:11:48,933 And I also wanted to bring it on, 266 00:11:48,933 --> 00:11:51,100 because I think it really emphasizes 267 00:11:51,100 --> 00:11:53,566 the need to read a label, 268 00:11:53,566 --> 00:11:56,566 and to make sure you know what you're purchasing 269 00:11:56,566 --> 00:11:59,633 and how to use it properly. 270 00:11:59,633 --> 00:12:01,833 And then I also brought it, because I know, 271 00:12:01,833 --> 00:12:05,800 sometimes the panel, we often refer to pesticides 272 00:12:05,800 --> 00:12:07,533 in terms of their active ingredients, 273 00:12:07,533 --> 00:12:09,366 versus the trade name, 274 00:12:10,633 --> 00:12:12,866 so this is one reason why we do that, 275 00:12:12,866 --> 00:12:16,833 because it can be very confusing when you talk trade names. 276 00:12:16,833 --> 00:12:19,966 We talk mostly in active ingredients. 277 00:12:19,966 --> 00:12:21,833 - And there's always a potential, 278 00:12:21,833 --> 00:12:23,400 if you don't read the label, 279 00:12:23,400 --> 00:12:25,333 and if you just buy Roundup, 280 00:12:25,333 --> 00:12:26,933 and you think it's for grass, 281 00:12:26,933 --> 00:12:28,266 it's gonna wipe the grass out. 282 00:12:28,266 --> 00:12:30,866 - Yeah, so if you accidentally, this is on the shelf 283 00:12:30,866 --> 00:12:33,100 right next to just straight Roundup, 284 00:12:33,100 --> 00:12:36,133 which is a completely different active ingredient. 285 00:12:36,133 --> 00:12:37,733 And if you sprayed it on your lawns 286 00:12:37,733 --> 00:12:38,733 with the intent of trying 287 00:12:38,733 --> 00:12:40,666 to get rid of something like dandelion, 288 00:12:40,666 --> 00:12:43,900 or Canada thistle, or field bind weed, 289 00:12:43,900 --> 00:12:46,233 you'd end up getting rid of everything. 290 00:12:46,233 --> 00:12:48,833 - [Toby] And that doesn't happen does it? 291 00:12:48,833 --> 00:12:50,166 - It does happen. 292 00:12:50,166 --> 00:12:52,966 - I was just gonna say, I get at least, 293 00:12:52,966 --> 00:12:55,366 at the very minimum, a half dozen calls a year 294 00:12:55,366 --> 00:12:57,466 of somebody that calls me up and says, 295 00:12:57,466 --> 00:12:59,700 I think I did something stupid. 296 00:12:59,700 --> 00:13:02,266 And when it comes to lawns, well I sprayed my lawn, 297 00:13:02,266 --> 00:13:04,733 I already know where the conversation is going, 298 00:13:04,733 --> 00:13:06,700 and usually it's a spouse on the other side 299 00:13:06,700 --> 00:13:09,266 that's not very happy about the situation 300 00:13:09,266 --> 00:13:11,766 that this lawn was sprayed. 301 00:13:11,766 --> 00:13:13,266 And I've even seen nationally, 302 00:13:13,266 --> 00:13:16,966 where entire parks have been sprayed with glyphosate, 303 00:13:16,966 --> 00:13:18,533 thinking that they were getting rid of weeds. 304 00:13:18,533 --> 00:13:20,000 But it's a weedkiller. 305 00:13:20,000 --> 00:13:21,100 And so that's just why 306 00:13:21,100 --> 00:13:23,366 it's so important to read those labels. 307 00:13:23,366 --> 00:13:26,533 - And keep the product in the original container. 308 00:13:26,533 --> 00:13:29,400 - In the original container, yep. 309 00:13:29,400 --> 00:13:30,833 I think it's a little bit unfortunate 310 00:13:30,833 --> 00:13:34,700 that we do have, Roundup now has a name 311 00:13:34,700 --> 00:13:36,900 that's gonna be synonymous with weedkiller, 312 00:13:36,900 --> 00:13:38,666 and a broad spectrum, 313 00:13:40,266 --> 00:13:42,533 because even broad spectrum, and broadleaf control 314 00:13:42,533 --> 00:13:46,033 can get really confusing for homeowners. 315 00:13:46,033 --> 00:13:48,233 It's gonna be a challenge I think for them. 316 00:13:48,233 --> 00:13:50,800 It's gonna be a challenge for us as extension specialists 317 00:13:50,800 --> 00:13:54,100 to be able to get the right information out on this. 318 00:13:54,100 --> 00:13:55,266 - Thanks Toby. 319 00:13:57,000 --> 00:13:59,133 And you too Jane. 320 00:13:59,133 --> 00:14:01,400 That was a very good show and tell. 321 00:14:01,400 --> 00:14:05,733 For Jane and Jasmine, this is from Great Falls. 322 00:14:05,733 --> 00:14:08,033 And they want to know, are there any new ideas 323 00:14:08,033 --> 00:14:09,966 on how to deal with cheatgrass, 324 00:14:09,966 --> 00:14:11,900 and from Jasmine's end, 325 00:14:11,900 --> 00:14:15,833 are there any Noxious Weed Trust Fund grants 326 00:14:15,833 --> 00:14:18,500 addressing the cheatgrass? 327 00:14:18,500 --> 00:14:19,833 - I'll let Jasmine go first. 328 00:14:19,833 --> 00:14:23,433 - Sure, Jane has grass rather than cheatgrass actually. 329 00:14:23,433 --> 00:14:25,433 - [Jack] Maybe she sent this question up. 330 00:14:25,433 --> 00:14:27,733 - [Jane] I did not call that question in. 331 00:14:27,733 --> 00:14:29,966 - Cheatgrass is a regulated weed in Montana, 332 00:14:29,966 --> 00:14:31,966 so the funding can't go directly to that, 333 00:14:31,966 --> 00:14:33,400 but we do fund research projects 334 00:14:33,400 --> 00:14:36,566 for finding new ways to get rid of it. 335 00:14:36,566 --> 00:14:38,233 - Yeah, and I will add that 336 00:14:38,233 --> 00:14:41,600 for as far as looking for new ideas for cheatgrass. 337 00:14:41,600 --> 00:14:43,200 We're always looking for new ideas. 338 00:14:43,200 --> 00:14:46,600 The trust fund has been very generous with MSU 339 00:14:46,600 --> 00:14:48,400 for the last five, six years 340 00:14:48,400 --> 00:14:52,233 on some various research projects that we're looking at, 341 00:14:52,233 --> 00:14:55,333 one project that we've done has been looking at 342 00:14:55,333 --> 00:14:59,900 potential bioherbicide, it's a fungal pathogen. 343 00:14:59,900 --> 00:15:02,000 We've done work looking at 344 00:15:02,900 --> 00:15:06,166 integrating herbicides and sheep grazing 345 00:15:06,166 --> 00:15:07,733 for cheatgrass control, 346 00:15:07,733 --> 00:15:11,133 so we've been trying several different things. 347 00:15:11,133 --> 00:15:14,966 Where some of that research is still preliminary, 348 00:15:14,966 --> 00:15:18,466 in terms of trying to make recommendations based on it. 349 00:15:18,466 --> 00:15:22,633 And we've also done some work with various herbicides. 350 00:15:23,733 --> 00:15:26,466 - Is cheatgrass increasing in the state? 351 00:15:26,466 --> 00:15:29,733 I think it is, but that's just an observation on my part. 352 00:15:29,733 --> 00:15:31,533 - Yeah, I think it's been increasing 353 00:15:31,533 --> 00:15:34,033 over the last 15 years, or so. 354 00:15:35,433 --> 00:15:39,533 When I started my position, almost nine years ago now, 355 00:15:39,533 --> 00:15:41,366 I got more questions about cheatgrass 356 00:15:41,366 --> 00:15:43,233 than anything else when I started, 357 00:15:43,233 --> 00:15:47,166 and that has continued for the last nine years. 358 00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:49,833 It's also a problem in crops as well, 359 00:15:49,833 --> 00:15:54,500 so there's research into cropping systems as well. 360 00:15:54,500 --> 00:15:55,666 - [Mary] Have you seen any success from some 361 00:15:55,666 --> 00:15:58,833 of the biologicals for management of cheatgrass? 362 00:15:58,833 --> 00:16:02,566 - Well, we were working with pyrenophora semeniperda, 363 00:16:02,566 --> 00:16:04,733 which is a fungal pathogen, 364 00:16:04,733 --> 00:16:07,166 and it worked well in the greenhouse, 365 00:16:07,166 --> 00:16:08,733 but when we would try to apply that 366 00:16:08,733 --> 00:16:11,233 to various systems out in the field, 367 00:16:11,233 --> 00:16:15,500 we just couldn't get it to do much in the field. 368 00:16:15,500 --> 00:16:18,233 And then there is a bioherbicide, 369 00:16:19,233 --> 00:16:22,366 which is a bacteria, pseudomonas fluorescens, 370 00:16:22,366 --> 00:16:25,933 that is on the market in various forms, 371 00:16:25,933 --> 00:16:28,166 and we have some research looking at 372 00:16:28,166 --> 00:16:29,533 the effectiveness of that, 373 00:16:29,533 --> 00:16:30,933 at the Red Bluff Research Station. 374 00:16:30,933 --> 00:16:33,700 So the jury's still out with the biologicals. 375 00:16:33,700 --> 00:16:34,600 - I was at a conference last week, 376 00:16:34,600 --> 00:16:36,666 and one of the things they emphasized was that 377 00:16:36,666 --> 00:16:39,833 you can't expect biologicals to act like 378 00:16:39,833 --> 00:16:41,633 a regular pesticide. 379 00:16:41,633 --> 00:16:44,466 You have to consider the whole system, 380 00:16:44,466 --> 00:16:46,700 and multiple methods. 381 00:16:46,700 --> 00:16:50,033 So it's not a spray, and get instant results. 382 00:16:50,033 --> 00:16:52,466 - And that's hard to overcome a lot of times, 383 00:16:52,466 --> 00:16:53,433 when people are-- 384 00:16:53,433 --> 00:16:54,933 (talking over each other) 385 00:16:54,933 --> 00:16:56,200 It is, yep. 386 00:16:56,200 --> 00:16:58,733 - Speaking of biological controls, Jasmine, 387 00:16:58,733 --> 00:17:00,566 does the Noxious Weed Trust Fund fund 388 00:17:00,566 --> 00:17:03,600 quite a few biological weed control projects? 389 00:17:03,600 --> 00:17:07,333 - We do in research again, the local cooperatives, 390 00:17:07,333 --> 00:17:09,000 where you're actually spraying, 391 00:17:09,000 --> 00:17:11,966 or doing control on the ground, 392 00:17:11,966 --> 00:17:14,800 they're just a part of the integrated weed management. 393 00:17:14,800 --> 00:17:17,900 We don't buy agents for them. 394 00:17:17,900 --> 00:17:21,066 - Sounds like a good plan to me. 395 00:17:21,066 --> 00:17:23,100 Mary, from Hardins, tryperus, 396 00:17:23,100 --> 00:17:25,333 is it showing up early this year? 397 00:17:25,333 --> 00:17:28,833 And will the cool frosty nights set it back? 398 00:17:28,833 --> 00:17:31,333 - Thus far we have no reports from Montana, 399 00:17:31,333 --> 00:17:34,700 but it's just a little bit too cold for tryperus just yet. 400 00:17:34,700 --> 00:17:37,300 It's highly active in Washington, Idaho, 401 00:17:37,300 --> 00:17:40,166 South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas. 402 00:17:40,166 --> 00:17:43,100 I expect it to be a very good tryperus year. 403 00:17:43,100 --> 00:17:44,833 At this point, in the state of Montana, 404 00:17:44,833 --> 00:17:46,733 if you're not growing a resistant variety, 405 00:17:46,733 --> 00:17:48,966 you should plan to spray a fungicide. 406 00:17:48,966 --> 00:17:52,066 - And wind currents can bring it over the hills. 407 00:17:52,066 --> 00:17:53,366 - And I'm sure it'll ruin (muffled). 408 00:17:53,366 --> 00:17:54,200 - Okay. 409 00:17:55,433 --> 00:17:58,600 Another question for Jasmine. 410 00:17:58,600 --> 00:17:59,933 You mentioned various different things 411 00:17:59,933 --> 00:18:01,433 that are eligible for cost. 412 00:18:01,433 --> 00:18:05,133 What type of costs are eligible for funding, 413 00:18:06,766 --> 00:18:08,833 by the trust fund? 414 00:18:08,833 --> 00:18:11,733 - So we have research, and education and 415 00:18:11,733 --> 00:18:12,866 and those are a little different 416 00:18:12,866 --> 00:18:15,133 than our local cooperative grants. 417 00:18:15,133 --> 00:18:17,966 For research and education developments, 418 00:18:17,966 --> 00:18:21,433 you can apply for salary benefits, 419 00:18:21,433 --> 00:18:23,933 supplies, education materials, 420 00:18:26,033 --> 00:18:30,400 communications, travel, things like that, for your research. 421 00:18:30,400 --> 00:18:32,833 And then our local cooperatives, 422 00:18:32,833 --> 00:18:37,000 you can apply for 50% cost share on herbicides, 423 00:18:38,233 --> 00:18:39,966 on herbicide application, 424 00:18:39,966 --> 00:18:43,300 so if you were gonna hire a contractor to apply those. 425 00:18:43,300 --> 00:18:45,100 Same goes with revegetation, 426 00:18:45,100 --> 00:18:46,900 you can get 50% off seeds, 427 00:18:46,900 --> 00:18:51,466 and then also the revegetation costs for a contractor. 428 00:18:51,466 --> 00:18:53,633 And same with local cooperatives, 429 00:18:53,633 --> 00:18:55,766 you can get money for supplies, 430 00:18:55,766 --> 00:18:59,466 if you're having a weed-pull or a weed day. 431 00:18:59,466 --> 00:19:02,600 And communication and things like that too. 432 00:19:02,600 --> 00:19:04,600 - Can you get a herd of goats if you need them? 433 00:19:04,600 --> 00:19:06,100 - [Jasmine] You can, yep yep, 434 00:19:06,100 --> 00:19:08,366 you can hire a goat herder. 435 00:19:08,366 --> 00:19:09,433 - That doesn't surprise me. 436 00:19:09,433 --> 00:19:10,266 - We don't buy the goats 437 00:19:10,266 --> 00:19:12,166 but we'll help pay for transportation. 438 00:19:12,166 --> 00:19:13,733 - I have a follow up question for Jasmine. 439 00:19:13,733 --> 00:19:15,266 For the local cooperatives, 440 00:19:15,266 --> 00:19:18,100 can they purchase equipment with grant funds? 441 00:19:18,100 --> 00:19:21,566 Or is it strictly supplies and materials. 442 00:19:21,566 --> 00:19:24,833 - It's just supplies and materials, no equipment. 443 00:19:24,833 --> 00:19:28,000 The local counties can, and reservations, can buy equipment 444 00:19:28,000 --> 00:19:30,333 with their grants each year. 445 00:19:31,866 --> 00:19:33,066 - Thank you. 446 00:19:33,066 --> 00:19:35,633 Toby, from Stevensville, 447 00:19:35,633 --> 00:19:37,433 they have a grove of four aspen trees, 448 00:19:37,433 --> 00:19:39,133 probably pretty small, 449 00:19:39,133 --> 00:19:41,566 because they're having issues in the fall 450 00:19:41,566 --> 00:19:44,833 with deer bucks rubbing their antlers on the trees. 451 00:19:44,833 --> 00:19:47,400 How can they prevent that? 452 00:19:47,400 --> 00:19:49,066 - You've just got to fence them out. 453 00:19:49,066 --> 00:19:51,166 So some type of fencing, 454 00:19:51,166 --> 00:19:53,033 some type of guard around that tree, 455 00:19:53,033 --> 00:19:53,866 is about the only way 456 00:19:53,866 --> 00:19:57,833 to keep the bucks from rubbing on those. 457 00:19:57,833 --> 00:19:59,300 If it was something with sprouts, 458 00:19:59,300 --> 00:20:00,633 then there would be other products, 459 00:20:00,633 --> 00:20:04,666 but the rubbing, there's really no product out there. 460 00:20:04,666 --> 00:20:07,066 - How about the electric fence with peanut butter? 461 00:20:07,066 --> 00:20:08,266 - That would work. 462 00:20:08,266 --> 00:20:10,500 Electric fence, with a little peanut butter on there, 463 00:20:10,500 --> 00:20:12,033 that way they taste it, 464 00:20:12,033 --> 00:20:14,900 and they get a good idea but, 465 00:20:14,900 --> 00:20:19,166 it just depends on what time of year that's gonna be. 466 00:20:19,166 --> 00:20:20,866 It doesn't always work. 467 00:20:20,866 --> 00:20:21,900 I'm finding out with deer, 468 00:20:21,900 --> 00:20:25,066 that deer can get through just about any fence, 469 00:20:25,066 --> 00:20:27,633 especially if it's electrified, 470 00:20:27,633 --> 00:20:29,633 they seem to get through it. 471 00:20:29,633 --> 00:20:31,233 It's just like any other deer deterrent. 472 00:20:31,233 --> 00:20:33,800 Somehow, they figure out a way. 473 00:20:33,800 --> 00:20:35,733 - Peanut butter, if they're conditioned, 474 00:20:35,733 --> 00:20:37,666 they're coming to the fence for two or three days, 475 00:20:37,666 --> 00:20:40,333 and then you put a little jolt to them. 476 00:20:40,333 --> 00:20:42,233 I've been told they don't like to come back. 477 00:20:42,233 --> 00:20:43,066 - Right. 478 00:20:44,133 --> 00:20:48,000 - Jasmine, and Jane, from Great Falls, 479 00:20:48,000 --> 00:20:49,966 are there restrictions on which chemicals 480 00:20:49,966 --> 00:20:51,866 can be used on noxious weeds, 481 00:20:51,866 --> 00:20:55,500 i.e. weeds close to water, and so forth? 482 00:20:55,500 --> 00:20:56,400 - [Jane] Do you want to do that? 483 00:20:56,400 --> 00:20:58,800 - Sure, there is a list for our grants 484 00:20:58,800 --> 00:21:00,666 of approved herbicides. 485 00:21:00,666 --> 00:21:04,066 And they're mostly range and pasture herbicides, 486 00:21:04,066 --> 00:21:06,500 so we don't do lawns. 487 00:21:06,500 --> 00:21:10,666 We don't fund chemicals for lawns, or for CRP property. 488 00:21:11,600 --> 00:21:16,200 So there are some and each grant that uses herbicides, 489 00:21:16,200 --> 00:21:19,900 has to write up an EA, environmental assessment. 490 00:21:19,900 --> 00:21:22,900 So they go through and they'll list those mitigations, 491 00:21:22,900 --> 00:21:25,933 if there's water, if there's wells, things like that. 492 00:21:25,933 --> 00:21:27,166 So they'll already address 493 00:21:27,166 --> 00:21:29,400 what they're gonna do to avoid those. 494 00:21:29,400 --> 00:21:31,166 - Okay, thank you. 495 00:21:31,166 --> 00:21:35,666 Mary, from Bozeman, and Toby you can jump in on this too. 496 00:21:35,666 --> 00:21:37,866 I don't care who answers it. 497 00:21:37,866 --> 00:21:40,466 Had several questions on Douglas fir and spruce, 498 00:21:40,466 --> 00:21:44,233 they've noticed that starting last winter, 499 00:21:44,233 --> 00:21:47,366 many needles turned red, and started to fall off. 500 00:21:47,366 --> 00:21:48,866 What happened, and why? 501 00:21:48,866 --> 00:21:51,100 - If they're toward the interior of the tree, 502 00:21:51,100 --> 00:21:52,566 that's natural. 503 00:21:52,566 --> 00:21:54,266 If it's not, send us a picture, 504 00:21:54,266 --> 00:21:56,533 and there's lots and lots of reasons. 505 00:21:56,533 --> 00:21:59,900 - And some of it can be desiccation too. 506 00:22:01,366 --> 00:22:02,933 - Jane, from Billings, 507 00:22:02,933 --> 00:22:06,633 this person has a low yellow-flowered weed, 508 00:22:06,633 --> 00:22:09,066 that they believe is alyssum. 509 00:22:09,066 --> 00:22:11,666 Is it noxious, and is there a control? 510 00:22:11,666 --> 00:22:13,500 It's in his pasture. 511 00:22:13,500 --> 00:22:17,500 - Yeah, the person probably has either yellow alyssum, 512 00:22:17,500 --> 00:22:19,400 or desert alyssum, 513 00:22:19,400 --> 00:22:23,566 and those are small light yellow flowered annuals. 514 00:22:25,166 --> 00:22:27,433 They typically only grow about that tall, 515 00:22:27,433 --> 00:22:30,266 depending on how much moisture, what type of soil you have, 516 00:22:30,266 --> 00:22:32,866 but it is not a noxious weed. 517 00:22:32,866 --> 00:22:36,300 It is a species that has been increasing in the state. 518 00:22:36,300 --> 00:22:38,600 It seems like every year about this time of year, 519 00:22:38,600 --> 00:22:42,033 I receive quite a few questions about it. 520 00:22:42,033 --> 00:22:44,666 It's not on a lot of herbicide labels, 521 00:22:44,666 --> 00:22:48,733 but there are some products that will work on it, 522 00:22:48,733 --> 00:22:52,066 that are approved for range and pasture. 523 00:22:53,233 --> 00:22:55,433 I would just ask the person to give me a call, 524 00:22:55,433 --> 00:22:58,233 and we can talk more about that. 525 00:22:58,233 --> 00:23:00,500 - And your number I think is up on the screen? 526 00:23:00,500 --> 00:23:02,500 - [Jane] Yeah, 994-5513. 527 00:23:03,533 --> 00:23:05,566 - I remember that. 528 00:23:05,566 --> 00:23:08,566 While I have you up, everybody can jump on this. 529 00:23:08,566 --> 00:23:10,266 It's kind of interesting. 530 00:23:10,266 --> 00:23:11,466 From Belgrade, this person 531 00:23:11,466 --> 00:23:14,066 has a large amount of horseradish, 532 00:23:14,066 --> 00:23:15,933 next to raised beds, 533 00:23:15,933 --> 00:23:18,966 and has been battling it for several years, 534 00:23:18,966 --> 00:23:22,000 and horseradish can be a little bit persistent. 535 00:23:22,000 --> 00:23:24,700 They've had no success, have dug out roots, 536 00:23:24,700 --> 00:23:26,233 it still comes back. 537 00:23:26,233 --> 00:23:27,733 What would you do? 538 00:23:29,866 --> 00:23:34,033 - I would make more horseradish and eat more beef, I guess. 539 00:23:35,433 --> 00:23:36,300 - If you're at a point where you're 540 00:23:36,300 --> 00:23:37,700 pulling and pulling and pulling 541 00:23:37,700 --> 00:23:39,100 and you cannot get rid of it, 542 00:23:39,100 --> 00:23:41,033 then it sounds like maybe this person 543 00:23:41,033 --> 00:23:43,400 doesn't want to use chemistry. 544 00:23:43,400 --> 00:23:45,833 You're probably having to use a pesticide, 545 00:23:45,833 --> 00:23:47,500 and most likely glyphosate 546 00:23:47,500 --> 00:23:50,566 is gonna be the way to get rid of it. 547 00:23:50,566 --> 00:23:52,700 The timing though, would be interesting, 548 00:23:52,700 --> 00:23:55,433 if it's gonna be now or in the fall, 549 00:23:55,433 --> 00:23:56,800 or even midsummer when it's starting 550 00:23:56,800 --> 00:23:59,833 to move some of those sugars back down to its root system, 551 00:23:59,833 --> 00:24:01,400 and probably would be better. 552 00:24:01,400 --> 00:24:02,633 If you really want to get rid of it, 553 00:24:02,633 --> 00:24:04,900 I would probably do an application this spring, 554 00:24:04,900 --> 00:24:07,366 come back, hit it again in the fall, 555 00:24:07,366 --> 00:24:09,633 and see what happens by next spring. 556 00:24:09,633 --> 00:24:10,833 - Yeah, that's what I was gonna say. 557 00:24:10,833 --> 00:24:13,833 It seems like such a hardy plant that 558 00:24:13,833 --> 00:24:15,600 I would guess you're probably gonna have to do 559 00:24:15,600 --> 00:24:18,466 multiple applications of glyphosate. 560 00:24:18,466 --> 00:24:19,966 - Okay, thank you. 561 00:24:21,133 --> 00:24:25,300 Jasmine, this person would like to know of some examples 562 00:24:26,233 --> 00:24:30,400 of small grants for weed control and who can receive those. 563 00:24:31,900 --> 00:24:32,966 Do you have a couple of examples 564 00:24:32,966 --> 00:24:35,500 of things that you have funded? 565 00:24:35,500 --> 00:24:38,933 - Sure, last year we funded a grant, 566 00:24:38,933 --> 00:24:42,766 it was one of our smallest, for only $700. 567 00:24:42,766 --> 00:24:46,800 It was a small group of people in Phillips County, 568 00:24:46,800 --> 00:24:48,333 and they were really having a hard time 569 00:24:48,333 --> 00:24:50,866 battling houndstongue. 570 00:24:50,866 --> 00:24:53,300 And so they applied, they got enough money, 571 00:24:53,300 --> 00:24:55,766 and they did just a big huge day, 572 00:24:55,766 --> 00:24:58,200 where everyone went out and sprayed, 573 00:24:58,200 --> 00:25:01,000 and it was more not to get a handle 574 00:25:01,000 --> 00:25:02,700 on all the houndstongue they had, 575 00:25:02,700 --> 00:25:04,966 but to really get people involved, 576 00:25:04,966 --> 00:25:07,500 and just start knowing things about noxious weeds, 577 00:25:07,500 --> 00:25:09,600 and what they can do. 578 00:25:09,600 --> 00:25:10,833 We've had smaller grants. 579 00:25:10,833 --> 00:25:14,600 There's one in Beaverhead County, in Argenta. 580 00:25:14,600 --> 00:25:17,066 And that one's only a couple thousand dollars every year, 581 00:25:17,066 --> 00:25:19,900 but they just keep growing their perimeter. 582 00:25:19,900 --> 00:25:22,433 So they'll handle their weeds that they've started doing, 583 00:25:22,433 --> 00:25:24,866 and then just go further out every year. 584 00:25:24,866 --> 00:25:27,000 So it's just all they can afford, 585 00:25:27,000 --> 00:25:28,666 but they're doing something. 586 00:25:28,666 --> 00:25:29,500 - [Jack] And it's helping. 587 00:25:29,500 --> 00:25:31,000 - [Jasmine] It's helping, definitely. 588 00:25:31,000 --> 00:25:33,066 - Good, thank you. 589 00:25:33,066 --> 00:25:36,700 From Missoula, both Toby and Mary, 590 00:25:36,700 --> 00:25:40,000 this person has a mountain ash tree with fire blight, 591 00:25:40,000 --> 00:25:43,766 and Mary I'll ask you what is the best way to control that? 592 00:25:43,766 --> 00:25:47,600 And for Toby, what type of bird-friendly berry trees 593 00:25:47,600 --> 00:25:51,100 can she replace her mountain ash with? 594 00:25:51,100 --> 00:25:51,933 You first. 595 00:25:51,933 --> 00:25:55,933 - So, control, first prune while it's dormant, 596 00:25:55,933 --> 00:25:59,100 and be sure to sanitize your pruning equipment 597 00:25:59,100 --> 00:26:01,600 between each cut so you don't spread it, 598 00:26:01,600 --> 00:26:03,800 and plan on replacing. 599 00:26:03,800 --> 00:26:05,500 Again at this meeting last week, we talked about 600 00:26:05,500 --> 00:26:08,133 bacteria phages, for fire blight control. 601 00:26:08,133 --> 00:26:09,466 There are products that are 602 00:26:09,466 --> 00:26:11,066 going to be coming on the market, 603 00:26:11,066 --> 00:26:16,000 but those are only for prevention of bloom infection. 604 00:26:16,000 --> 00:26:16,833 - Okay. 605 00:26:18,133 --> 00:26:19,466 Bird-friendly berries. 606 00:26:19,466 --> 00:26:22,200 - Berries, well, strawberries, 607 00:26:22,200 --> 00:26:23,400 but that doesn't replace a tree. 608 00:26:23,400 --> 00:26:24,233 - [Jack] Robin's love 'em. 609 00:26:24,233 --> 00:26:27,966 - Yeah, robins absolutely love 'em. 610 00:26:27,966 --> 00:26:30,233 One that might be more than a shrub, 611 00:26:30,233 --> 00:26:33,000 I'm thinking of a tree form, and that's difficult, 612 00:26:33,000 --> 00:26:34,566 because we don't have a whole lot of berries. 613 00:26:34,566 --> 00:26:37,466 But chokecherries would definitely be one. 614 00:26:37,466 --> 00:26:40,433 Some of the different buckthorns. 615 00:26:40,433 --> 00:26:42,500 Anything that's in the cutagus probably would 616 00:26:42,500 --> 00:26:44,433 feed a lot of different birds. 617 00:26:44,433 --> 00:26:46,300 - [Jack] My robins love my chokecherries. 618 00:26:46,300 --> 00:26:50,033 - Yeah, chockcherries for sure, would be one. 619 00:26:50,033 --> 00:26:54,166 Again, we can find some tree forms, like schubert, 620 00:26:54,166 --> 00:26:56,566 and Canada red, that will produce berries, 621 00:26:56,566 --> 00:26:58,533 and the birds will eat them. 622 00:26:58,533 --> 00:27:00,300 But for the most part the chokecherries 623 00:27:00,300 --> 00:27:02,133 they're going after is more shrub form. 624 00:27:02,133 --> 00:27:05,433 So expect that you're probably gonna get 625 00:27:05,433 --> 00:27:08,133 not as many berries with the tree forms. 626 00:27:08,133 --> 00:27:09,666 - Jack, could I make a comment? 627 00:27:09,666 --> 00:27:11,666 Toby mentioned buckthorn, 628 00:27:11,666 --> 00:27:13,700 and I don't know which buckthorn you were talking about, 629 00:27:13,700 --> 00:27:15,266 but actually common buckthorn 630 00:27:15,266 --> 00:27:17,566 was just added to our noxious weed list. 631 00:27:17,566 --> 00:27:21,733 So common buckthorn has been a real issue in the Midwest, 632 00:27:23,866 --> 00:27:25,433 mostly, the upper Midwest. 633 00:27:25,433 --> 00:27:28,033 And there are areas in Montana, 634 00:27:28,933 --> 00:27:31,566 especially along riparian areas 635 00:27:31,566 --> 00:27:34,433 where common buckthorn was probably planted 636 00:27:34,433 --> 00:27:37,333 at some point as a horticultural species, 637 00:27:37,333 --> 00:27:39,466 and now has spread in those riparian areas, 638 00:27:39,466 --> 00:27:43,633 and it was petitioned and added to the noxious weed list, 639 00:27:44,666 --> 00:27:47,266 in February I believe it was. 640 00:27:47,266 --> 00:27:49,433 - Well, I'll retract that. 641 00:27:50,500 --> 00:27:52,133 I had no idea. 642 00:27:52,133 --> 00:27:53,200 - And I don't know, 643 00:27:53,200 --> 00:27:56,400 sometimes other species are called buckthorn 644 00:27:56,400 --> 00:27:58,666 that may not be the same exact one 645 00:27:58,666 --> 00:28:00,166 that we're talking about here. 646 00:28:00,166 --> 00:28:02,066 But yeah, good to know. 647 00:28:04,733 --> 00:28:08,066 - Jane, you're on, from Forsythe, 648 00:28:08,066 --> 00:28:10,800 and I like this one because I know this is a tough weed. 649 00:28:10,800 --> 00:28:12,500 Any new ideas on how to get rid 650 00:28:12,500 --> 00:28:15,266 of bindweed in vegetable gardens? 651 00:28:15,266 --> 00:28:17,633 For that matter, bindweed anyplace. 652 00:28:17,633 --> 00:28:18,466 - Yeah. 653 00:28:18,466 --> 00:28:19,633 - Morning glory. 654 00:28:19,633 --> 00:28:20,466 - Yeah. 655 00:28:24,300 --> 00:28:28,133 So, a group of us at MSU have just been doing, 656 00:28:29,066 --> 00:28:31,700 we call it a meta analysis, looking at all the literature 657 00:28:31,700 --> 00:28:33,300 that's been published over the years 658 00:28:33,300 --> 00:28:36,500 on controlling field bindweed, 659 00:28:36,500 --> 00:28:39,600 in both perennial systems and crop systems. 660 00:28:39,600 --> 00:28:41,733 And that was a project that was supported 661 00:28:41,733 --> 00:28:44,700 by some funds from the Noxious Weed Trust Fund. 662 00:28:44,700 --> 00:28:47,333 We're just kind of wrapping up that analysis, 663 00:28:47,333 --> 00:28:48,566 but one of the important things 664 00:28:48,566 --> 00:28:51,633 about field bindweed that we've learned, 665 00:28:51,633 --> 00:28:55,566 is that integrated methods are a must. 666 00:28:55,566 --> 00:28:58,533 Looking at, even using herbicides longterm 667 00:28:58,533 --> 00:29:01,366 does not give you control of field bindweed. 668 00:29:01,366 --> 00:29:04,433 Or tilling longterm does not give you control. 669 00:29:04,433 --> 00:29:07,233 The integration of multiple tools, 670 00:29:07,233 --> 00:29:10,000 is the only way that you can get 671 00:29:10,000 --> 00:29:14,266 any sort of longterm control of field bindweed. 672 00:29:14,266 --> 00:29:16,533 - Are there any Noxious Weed Trust Fund grants 673 00:29:16,533 --> 00:29:19,366 looking at bindweed, or addressing bindweed 674 00:29:19,366 --> 00:29:20,800 that you can recall? 675 00:29:20,800 --> 00:29:23,333 - Not currently, not in our research. 676 00:29:23,333 --> 00:29:24,833 There are several local coops 677 00:29:24,833 --> 00:29:26,733 that have bindweed on their list, 678 00:29:26,733 --> 00:29:30,133 that they used trust fund dollars to control. 679 00:29:30,133 --> 00:29:31,600 - I understand that, maybe I'm wrong, 680 00:29:31,600 --> 00:29:33,133 I mean that's just something I've heard 681 00:29:33,133 --> 00:29:35,333 through just conversations, 682 00:29:35,333 --> 00:29:39,500 that if you continually hoe out or weed field bindweed, 683 00:29:41,400 --> 00:29:43,966 every 10 days, making sure that you get every 684 00:29:43,966 --> 00:29:46,866 green part of it, for three years, 685 00:29:46,866 --> 00:29:48,900 you can eradicate it. 686 00:29:48,900 --> 00:29:50,266 Is that something that? 687 00:29:50,266 --> 00:29:52,100 - I have heard that as well, 688 00:29:52,100 --> 00:29:54,666 and I think it probably has its application 689 00:29:54,666 --> 00:29:57,333 in certain places, like gardens. 690 00:30:00,566 --> 00:30:03,466 The research we were doing looked more at like 691 00:30:03,466 --> 00:30:05,666 perennial pasture systems, 692 00:30:05,666 --> 00:30:08,333 or larger cropping systems. 693 00:30:08,333 --> 00:30:12,400 And I think that is an effective method. 694 00:30:12,400 --> 00:30:15,066 One of the issues we face in cropping systems anyway, 695 00:30:15,066 --> 00:30:19,766 is we've moved the importance of conserving soil, 696 00:30:19,766 --> 00:30:21,233 and no-till. 697 00:30:21,233 --> 00:30:23,866 It takes that, that's fairly intensive tilling, 698 00:30:23,866 --> 00:30:26,600 it kind of takes that off the table, 699 00:30:26,600 --> 00:30:28,466 but I think for garden settings, 700 00:30:28,466 --> 00:30:31,300 that's a great approach. 701 00:30:31,300 --> 00:30:33,800 - There used to be for pastures, 702 00:30:33,800 --> 00:30:36,133 I think a product called Paramount, 703 00:30:36,133 --> 00:30:39,233 that did a really good job on bindweed. 704 00:30:39,233 --> 00:30:40,833 I don't know if that's registered anywhere, 705 00:30:40,833 --> 00:30:41,766 do you know? 706 00:30:41,766 --> 00:30:44,266 - Yeah, I think we had this conversation 707 00:30:44,266 --> 00:30:45,266 a couple of years ago, 708 00:30:45,266 --> 00:30:47,400 and I looked it up afterwards 709 00:30:47,400 --> 00:30:49,966 and couldn't find any information on it, 710 00:30:49,966 --> 00:30:51,600 but yeah I don't 711 00:30:51,600 --> 00:30:52,466 recall for sure. - Probably not out 712 00:30:52,466 --> 00:30:54,133 there anymore. 713 00:30:54,133 --> 00:30:57,833 Comment, and I like anybody who wants to supply a comment, 714 00:30:57,833 --> 00:30:59,466 we'll sure put it up. 715 00:30:59,466 --> 00:31:01,533 This came from Powell, Wyoming, 716 00:31:01,533 --> 00:31:05,433 and they have a special method of controlling horseradish. 717 00:31:05,433 --> 00:31:08,133 This person piled his woodpile on top of it, 718 00:31:08,133 --> 00:31:09,300 and it worked. 719 00:31:10,366 --> 00:31:11,666 So thank you woodpile. 720 00:31:11,666 --> 00:31:13,833 - Just bury it and forget about it. 721 00:31:13,833 --> 00:31:15,000 - I like that. 722 00:31:17,233 --> 00:31:20,300 - Mary, this person has an old caragana bush 723 00:31:20,300 --> 00:31:23,666 that she cut to the ground because of dead limbs. 724 00:31:23,666 --> 00:31:26,666 Can she deep-fertilize it to get it to regrow? 725 00:31:26,666 --> 00:31:28,700 Or Toby, or whoever wants to jump on that? 726 00:31:28,700 --> 00:31:29,966 - Toby might know. 727 00:31:29,966 --> 00:31:32,866 - Actually there was some research that was done 728 00:31:32,866 --> 00:31:36,100 by a former extension agent up in Havre I believe, 729 00:31:36,100 --> 00:31:38,066 that found that if you burn the area, 730 00:31:38,066 --> 00:31:41,133 you would actually get regeneration, 731 00:31:41,133 --> 00:31:42,900 so if you had a caragana hedge, 732 00:31:42,900 --> 00:31:45,200 if you have the ability to burn it, 733 00:31:45,200 --> 00:31:47,833 that you would get faster regeneration. 734 00:31:47,833 --> 00:31:51,133 As far as fertilizer, I mean, if it needs fertilizer, 735 00:31:51,133 --> 00:31:53,533 if it looks sclerotic, you might put some down, 736 00:31:53,533 --> 00:31:55,900 but for the most part, they're pretty good at getting 737 00:31:55,900 --> 00:31:57,733 the nutrients they need. 738 00:31:57,733 --> 00:32:01,800 So I don't think fertilizer is gonna make it grow faster. 739 00:32:01,800 --> 00:32:04,233 That being said, it wouldn't hurt anything 740 00:32:04,233 --> 00:32:05,800 if you put a complete fertilizer down, 741 00:32:05,800 --> 00:32:07,633 just be careful how much you put down, 742 00:32:07,633 --> 00:32:09,166 and be careful what you ask for. 743 00:32:09,166 --> 00:32:11,633 You put enough fertilizer down on a caragana, 744 00:32:11,633 --> 00:32:13,933 and the next thing you know it's 10 feet tall, 745 00:32:13,933 --> 00:32:16,866 and you're overgrowing your whole yard. 746 00:32:16,866 --> 00:32:18,533 - That's not impossible. 747 00:32:18,533 --> 00:32:19,833 You're right, thank you. 748 00:32:19,833 --> 00:32:22,400 Another follow up question, and 749 00:32:23,700 --> 00:32:25,966 this came in from Charlo. 750 00:32:25,966 --> 00:32:29,066 To keep elk from rubbing their antlers on trees, 751 00:32:29,066 --> 00:32:31,066 you rub the trees with knapweed. 752 00:32:31,066 --> 00:32:33,633 The elk don't like the smell, and will leave the trees. 753 00:32:33,633 --> 00:32:34,733 Is that true? 754 00:32:35,933 --> 00:32:37,366 - I have no idea. 755 00:32:39,133 --> 00:32:40,966 As long as they're pulling their knapweed, 756 00:32:40,966 --> 00:32:42,933 and then using it to rub the trees, 757 00:32:42,933 --> 00:32:44,166 they're controlling weeds 758 00:32:44,166 --> 00:32:47,166 and possibly elk in the same stroke. 759 00:32:48,600 --> 00:32:49,600 - Another question. 760 00:32:49,600 --> 00:32:51,033 - Going back to that though, 761 00:32:51,033 --> 00:32:54,300 I do know, I have friends of mine that, 762 00:32:55,933 --> 00:32:59,766 take wild plants and rub it all over their camouflage 763 00:32:59,766 --> 00:33:01,500 when they're elk hunting. 764 00:33:01,500 --> 00:33:03,700 So if it's gonna keep it away, 765 00:33:03,700 --> 00:33:07,466 then be careful not to put the knapweed on your camouflage, 766 00:33:07,466 --> 00:33:11,233 because then you're gonna be a pretty horrible hunter. 767 00:33:11,233 --> 00:33:12,200 You'll never see one. 768 00:33:12,200 --> 00:33:14,200 - Have you been successful recently hunting elk. 769 00:33:14,200 --> 00:33:15,700 - No, no. 770 00:33:15,700 --> 00:33:18,366 But it does go back to, there's a lot of anecdotal 771 00:33:18,366 --> 00:33:19,500 information out there, 772 00:33:19,500 --> 00:33:22,400 and to say that this does not work, I can't say that. 773 00:33:22,400 --> 00:33:23,966 But I also can't say that it does work. 774 00:33:23,966 --> 00:33:25,733 I don't that there's anything science, 775 00:33:25,733 --> 00:33:27,300 that's been applied to putting knapweed 776 00:33:27,300 --> 00:33:29,100 on trees to keep elk out, 777 00:33:29,100 --> 00:33:33,966 but it does spur some interest in my thought process. 778 00:33:33,966 --> 00:33:34,800 - I like what Jane says, 779 00:33:34,800 --> 00:33:36,533 at least they're pulling their knapweed. 780 00:33:36,533 --> 00:33:38,900 - [Toby] Yes, exactly. 781 00:33:38,900 --> 00:33:41,233 - Another question from Charlo, 782 00:33:41,233 --> 00:33:43,200 this caller has seen noxious weeds 783 00:33:43,200 --> 00:33:45,866 on federal lands and reservations. 784 00:33:45,866 --> 00:33:49,300 Is there any way to compel them to do something about it, 785 00:33:49,300 --> 00:33:51,200 and in that respect, are there any 786 00:33:51,200 --> 00:33:53,800 Noxious Weed Trust Fund grants on reservations, 787 00:33:53,800 --> 00:33:55,200 or federal lands? 788 00:33:56,966 --> 00:33:58,966 - They are not specific. 789 00:33:59,966 --> 00:34:03,233 Each reservation has their own weed program, 790 00:34:03,233 --> 00:34:05,166 so just like the counties. 791 00:34:05,166 --> 00:34:06,733 Whether or not they have enough funding, 792 00:34:06,733 --> 00:34:08,533 just like some of the federal agencies, 793 00:34:08,533 --> 00:34:12,333 to control all their weeds, and do enough, 794 00:34:12,333 --> 00:34:14,366 that's another question. 795 00:34:15,533 --> 00:34:18,933 But yes, we have reservations that have grants. 796 00:34:18,933 --> 00:34:21,733 Quite a few of the Blackfeet, and Rocky Boys, 797 00:34:21,733 --> 00:34:24,166 both have grants with us. 798 00:34:24,166 --> 00:34:26,633 And a lot of our federal agencies, 799 00:34:26,633 --> 00:34:29,033 and our federal lands, public lands, 800 00:34:29,033 --> 00:34:32,033 are cooperators in our projects too. 801 00:34:33,566 --> 00:34:36,200 - Can you force people on federal lands 802 00:34:36,200 --> 00:34:38,600 to control their noxious weeds? 803 00:34:38,600 --> 00:34:41,666 - Well, I guess one of the things I would say is, 804 00:34:41,666 --> 00:34:44,333 as people that use public lands, 805 00:34:45,300 --> 00:34:48,266 we have a responsibility as well to 806 00:34:49,466 --> 00:34:53,766 avoid driving through weed infestations if we see them. 807 00:34:53,766 --> 00:34:55,266 I mean if we're hiking on a trail, 808 00:34:55,266 --> 00:34:58,233 and we see some knapweed plants go ahead, or houndstongue, 809 00:34:58,233 --> 00:34:59,966 especially at the trail head, 810 00:34:59,966 --> 00:35:02,500 take some time and pull those. 811 00:35:02,500 --> 00:35:05,733 Arrive at a trail head with clean gear, 812 00:35:07,133 --> 00:35:09,200 and clean equipment, or vehicle, 813 00:35:09,200 --> 00:35:13,066 so you are not actually moving weeds around, 814 00:35:13,066 --> 00:35:16,133 or if you leave an area that's infested, 815 00:35:16,133 --> 00:35:17,466 clean your gear and your vehicle 816 00:35:17,466 --> 00:35:19,233 before you go to a non-infested area. 817 00:35:19,233 --> 00:35:21,600 So I think in a lot of cases, 818 00:35:21,600 --> 00:35:24,800 these species are moving faster than we can control them. 819 00:35:24,800 --> 00:35:26,866 I think that's pretty obvious. 820 00:35:26,866 --> 00:35:30,566 And funds are typically not adequate 821 00:35:30,566 --> 00:35:32,166 to manage all the weeds, 822 00:35:32,166 --> 00:35:35,566 so I think we have to do our part as well, 823 00:35:35,566 --> 00:35:39,166 as people that use the public lands. 824 00:35:39,166 --> 00:35:40,733 - I agree. 825 00:35:40,733 --> 00:35:43,900 While that's up, we have a question here. 826 00:35:43,900 --> 00:35:45,333 Jasmine and Jane, 827 00:35:46,566 --> 00:35:50,666 what's the difference between a weed and a noxious weed? 828 00:35:50,666 --> 00:35:51,466 - I'll let Jasmine 829 00:35:51,466 --> 00:35:52,300 take that. - A weed 830 00:35:52,300 --> 00:35:54,566 is anything you don't want. 831 00:35:54,566 --> 00:35:58,433 So, and dandelions is the common one. 832 00:35:58,433 --> 00:36:01,266 Some people think dandelions are very weedy, 833 00:36:01,266 --> 00:36:03,666 and other people love them in their salads. 834 00:36:03,666 --> 00:36:05,500 So it just depends. 835 00:36:05,500 --> 00:36:07,166 Noxious is actually, 836 00:36:08,433 --> 00:36:11,366 a state-listed weed, that is detrimental 837 00:36:11,366 --> 00:36:14,500 to agriculture, commerce, all these things, 838 00:36:14,500 --> 00:36:18,900 it's actually in our state statute, that it's noxious. 839 00:36:18,900 --> 00:36:22,300 - Are all your grants specifically for noxious weeds, 840 00:36:22,300 --> 00:36:26,033 or weeds that are classified as noxious, rather than, 841 00:36:26,033 --> 00:36:27,633 - Obnoxious? - Obnoxious weeds. 842 00:36:27,633 --> 00:36:29,133 Good term. 843 00:36:29,133 --> 00:36:31,166 - Yes, they have to be a noxious weed, 844 00:36:31,166 --> 00:36:33,633 or a county-listed noxious weed. 845 00:36:33,633 --> 00:36:37,500 So there are counties that list henbane, and common mullein, 846 00:36:37,500 --> 00:36:39,100 things like that that are noxious, 847 00:36:39,100 --> 00:36:41,266 they're not native to this state, 848 00:36:41,266 --> 00:36:42,733 but they're not on our list. 849 00:36:42,733 --> 00:36:44,000 - Okay, thank you. 850 00:36:44,000 --> 00:36:45,800 - [Toby] How do they get on the list? 851 00:36:45,800 --> 00:36:46,933 - There's a whole process. 852 00:36:46,933 --> 00:36:50,100 Every two years, we go through a weed listing process. 853 00:36:50,100 --> 00:36:53,666 There's a whole group, Jane's on that panel. 854 00:36:53,666 --> 00:36:56,500 So a petition, an announcement goes out, 855 00:36:56,500 --> 00:37:00,933 that MDA is accepting petitions for new weeds. 856 00:37:00,933 --> 00:37:02,200 You go through a list, 857 00:37:02,200 --> 00:37:04,166 it's the whole form that you fill out. 858 00:37:04,166 --> 00:37:07,300 You do research, present it to the group, 859 00:37:07,300 --> 00:37:09,700 and then if they need more information, 860 00:37:09,700 --> 00:37:11,300 they can ask you to find more, 861 00:37:11,300 --> 00:37:14,000 and then it just gets voted on, 862 00:37:14,000 --> 00:37:16,633 and goes to the Director of Agriculture. 863 00:37:16,633 --> 00:37:18,800 - Yeah, and we have a list of criteria. 864 00:37:18,800 --> 00:37:21,766 There's about I think 16 or 17 questions, 865 00:37:21,766 --> 00:37:26,400 that the working group evaluates the species against. 866 00:37:26,400 --> 00:37:29,366 And some of the things we look at are like, 867 00:37:29,366 --> 00:37:31,200 do neighboring states have it listed? 868 00:37:31,200 --> 00:37:33,533 How many acres are in neighboring states? 869 00:37:33,533 --> 00:37:35,666 How many acres are in Montana? 870 00:37:35,666 --> 00:37:37,766 Does it have any toxic qualities? 871 00:37:37,766 --> 00:37:41,600 We also ask if it has any beneficial, 872 00:37:41,600 --> 00:37:43,566 any beneficial qualities? 873 00:37:43,566 --> 00:37:46,666 For example, pollinator resources. 874 00:37:46,666 --> 00:37:50,733 So yeah, there's a fairly extensive list of criteria 875 00:37:50,733 --> 00:37:53,533 that a species is evaluated against. 876 00:37:53,533 --> 00:37:55,133 - Okay, thank you guys. 877 00:37:55,133 --> 00:37:56,933 Mary, from Ulm, 878 00:37:56,933 --> 00:38:00,466 this person would like to know if there are any effective 879 00:38:00,466 --> 00:38:04,366 biological seed treatments that help to prevent disease 880 00:38:04,366 --> 00:38:08,466 in organic pulse crops, peas, lentils, chickpeas? 881 00:38:09,366 --> 00:38:13,266 - None that we have tried that have had any field efficacy. 882 00:38:13,266 --> 00:38:15,866 I've talked to my colleagues in Washington, 883 00:38:15,866 --> 00:38:18,400 and they've speculated that since most of these products 884 00:38:18,400 --> 00:38:21,466 were developed for the Midwestern, like 885 00:38:21,466 --> 00:38:24,433 that are cool soils, and high pH's, 886 00:38:24,433 --> 00:38:26,866 they don't work very effectively. 887 00:38:26,866 --> 00:38:27,833 And like we were talking about earlier, 888 00:38:27,833 --> 00:38:29,966 with biological controls, it's not a plus-minus, 889 00:38:29,966 --> 00:38:34,966 it's a cumulative process, as part of an integrated system. 890 00:38:34,966 --> 00:38:38,166 - On that note, I've seen a lot of press recently 891 00:38:38,166 --> 00:38:40,966 on products called biostimulants. 892 00:38:41,900 --> 00:38:45,133 Is anybody at MSU doing any work on biostimulants, 893 00:38:45,133 --> 00:38:46,066 at the current time? 894 00:38:46,066 --> 00:38:48,466 - It's interesting how that's defined. 895 00:38:48,466 --> 00:38:52,433 And I'm trying to remember what they called it. 896 00:38:52,433 --> 00:38:53,733 I just went through a whole workshop last week 897 00:38:53,733 --> 00:38:56,333 with the IR core project. 898 00:38:56,333 --> 00:38:57,266 I don't know, do you know of anybody 899 00:38:57,266 --> 00:38:58,733 working on biostimulants? 900 00:38:58,733 --> 00:38:59,800 - Are they actually products 901 00:38:59,800 --> 00:39:03,233 that like stimulate, beneficial. 902 00:39:03,233 --> 00:39:04,333 - [Jack] Stimulate yield. 903 00:39:04,333 --> 00:39:08,500 They're claimed to increase yield, and grow crops, 904 00:39:09,900 --> 00:39:11,766 and in some cases wheat. 905 00:39:11,766 --> 00:39:13,100 And it's a whole new, 906 00:39:13,100 --> 00:39:14,600 you see a lot about anymore, 907 00:39:14,600 --> 00:39:16,666 but I don't know of any work being done here, 908 00:39:16,666 --> 00:39:18,466 or any products here for that matter, 909 00:39:18,466 --> 00:39:19,600 that are really being offered. 910 00:39:19,600 --> 00:39:21,100 - I'd have to look into it. 911 00:39:21,100 --> 00:39:22,366 - Okay, let's do that. 912 00:39:22,366 --> 00:39:23,300 Next time you're on, 913 00:39:23,300 --> 00:39:26,633 let's talk a little about biostimulants. 914 00:39:27,533 --> 00:39:31,033 From Libby, Jane this is really a good question. 915 00:39:31,033 --> 00:39:33,833 Why are dandelions classified as a weed, 916 00:39:33,833 --> 00:39:38,100 when they such an important source of pollen for bees? 917 00:39:38,100 --> 00:39:41,300 - Well I think Jasmine's comment, 918 00:39:41,300 --> 00:39:42,633 just a couple of minutes ago, 919 00:39:42,633 --> 00:39:44,533 that a weed is defined, 920 00:39:45,900 --> 00:39:48,033 some people like dandelions, some people don't. 921 00:39:48,033 --> 00:39:52,200 And a weed is, it's a matter of someone's opinion. 922 00:39:53,200 --> 00:39:55,500 Dandelions are not a noxious weed, 923 00:39:55,500 --> 00:39:58,366 in the sense that landowners are required to have 924 00:39:58,366 --> 00:40:02,333 a management program for dealing with them. 925 00:40:02,333 --> 00:40:05,866 So, yeah I guess I don't know what else to say 926 00:40:05,866 --> 00:40:08,133 about that particular question, 927 00:40:08,133 --> 00:40:11,266 other than it is a matter of perspective, 928 00:40:11,266 --> 00:40:14,100 and dandelions are not a state-listed, 929 00:40:14,100 --> 00:40:17,533 or a county-listed noxious weed anywhere. 930 00:40:18,433 --> 00:40:19,466 - [Jack] It's personal choice. 931 00:40:19,466 --> 00:40:20,466 - It's personal choice. 932 00:40:20,466 --> 00:40:23,900 - And they may be a pollinator, but in my strawberries, 933 00:40:23,900 --> 00:40:25,000 I don't care. 934 00:40:27,566 --> 00:40:29,200 I spent a good half hour, 935 00:40:29,200 --> 00:40:31,433 and got maybe a third of the way through my strawberries, 936 00:40:31,433 --> 00:40:33,000 just taking out the dandelions. 937 00:40:33,000 --> 00:40:34,266 - I always feel like there's a bit of karma, 938 00:40:34,266 --> 00:40:37,366 like I have controlled the weeds and dandelions in my lawn, 939 00:40:37,366 --> 00:40:40,500 but I plant lots of wildflowers in my garden, 940 00:40:40,500 --> 00:40:42,800 and they're non-mode parts. 941 00:40:42,800 --> 00:40:43,866 - Yeah, that's a good point, 942 00:40:43,866 --> 00:40:47,833 that you can do other things with perennial flowers 943 00:40:47,833 --> 00:40:50,133 and whatnot to provide pollinator habitat 944 00:40:50,133 --> 00:40:53,033 in your yard and gardens. 945 00:40:53,033 --> 00:40:55,700 - Dandelions are, quite honestly, they really are 946 00:40:55,700 --> 00:40:58,366 a good pollinator early on in the season. 947 00:40:58,366 --> 00:40:59,700 I don't think that there's a lack 948 00:40:59,700 --> 00:41:01,166 of dandelions out there though. 949 00:41:01,166 --> 00:41:02,666 - I don't think so. 950 00:41:02,666 --> 00:41:04,433 - Something that I'm really not too worried about, 951 00:41:04,433 --> 00:41:06,433 since bees can forage two to three miles 952 00:41:06,433 --> 00:41:08,933 or whatever it is, they're gonna find some dandelions, 953 00:41:08,933 --> 00:41:11,566 even if they're not in my yard. 954 00:41:11,566 --> 00:41:13,600 - I don't have many, but there's a few. 955 00:41:13,600 --> 00:41:18,200 - Jasmine, if you get a Noxious Weed Trust Fund grant, 956 00:41:18,200 --> 00:41:21,833 what's the reporting requirements for that grant, 957 00:41:21,833 --> 00:41:23,866 and how often do they need to report? 958 00:41:23,866 --> 00:41:26,600 - Sure, so there's two reporting periods, 959 00:41:26,600 --> 00:41:28,933 a fall, and then a spring, 960 00:41:28,933 --> 00:41:32,833 so if you get a grant, you are awarded in April. 961 00:41:32,833 --> 00:41:35,500 You then have a November reporting, 962 00:41:35,500 --> 00:41:39,266 and it's just on that section of time. 963 00:41:39,266 --> 00:41:42,066 So what was done from April to November. 964 00:41:42,066 --> 00:41:44,266 And then it goes from November to April, 965 00:41:44,266 --> 00:41:47,066 and then whenever you finish your grant. 966 00:41:47,066 --> 00:41:48,400 You're awarded for 18 months, 967 00:41:48,400 --> 00:41:50,133 so whenever it's completed, 968 00:41:50,133 --> 00:41:51,900 it doesn't have to take that long, 969 00:41:51,900 --> 00:41:53,800 then you do a final report. 970 00:41:53,800 --> 00:41:55,100 - Are those reports available 971 00:41:55,100 --> 00:41:57,300 for anybody who would like to see them? 972 00:41:57,300 --> 00:41:58,566 - I could pull those reports. 973 00:41:58,566 --> 00:42:00,333 They're not out in the public. 974 00:42:00,333 --> 00:42:02,466 They're through our database, 975 00:42:02,466 --> 00:42:04,900 that all of our grants are run through. 976 00:42:04,900 --> 00:42:09,066 - So if a viewer had specific interest in Canada thistle, 977 00:42:10,700 --> 00:42:11,700 and they wanted to see what 978 00:42:11,700 --> 00:42:14,500 the Noxious Weed Trust Fund grants did 979 00:42:14,500 --> 00:42:17,266 in helping to control Canada thistle, 980 00:42:17,266 --> 00:42:19,033 they could get a hold of you and get that? 981 00:42:19,033 --> 00:42:22,866 - Absolutely, I can pull some information for them. 982 00:42:22,866 --> 00:42:26,366 - And on weed control, from Kalispell, 983 00:42:26,366 --> 00:42:27,966 this is a good one. 984 00:42:27,966 --> 00:42:32,133 Is there a chemical control to get rid of unwanted lilacs? 985 00:42:33,400 --> 00:42:36,600 - I might let Toby answer that question. 986 00:42:36,600 --> 00:42:39,000 - Like we said, one person's prized plant 987 00:42:39,000 --> 00:42:41,900 may be another person's weed. 988 00:42:41,900 --> 00:42:45,466 Yeah, actually going back to glyphosate again, 989 00:42:45,466 --> 00:42:46,966 as soon as you cut it, cut it back, 990 00:42:46,966 --> 00:42:49,466 and then paint each one of the stems. 991 00:42:49,466 --> 00:42:53,633 Within probably, I mean as quick as you possibly can. 992 00:42:54,500 --> 00:42:56,466 I think original Roundup has it on its label, 993 00:42:56,466 --> 00:42:57,933 but I'm sure there are others. 994 00:42:57,933 --> 00:43:00,500 Straight glyphosate, not even watered down, 995 00:43:00,500 --> 00:43:03,166 when I heard this from one of my master gardeners, 996 00:43:03,166 --> 00:43:05,566 I actually questioned it, and said, no way, 997 00:43:05,566 --> 00:43:06,800 that can't be on the label. 998 00:43:06,800 --> 00:43:08,000 And then I went back and looked on the label, 999 00:43:08,000 --> 00:43:09,233 and it sure is. 1000 00:43:09,233 --> 00:43:12,133 So any tree, or anything that you cut down, 1001 00:43:12,133 --> 00:43:14,766 you can paint with original Roundup, 1002 00:43:14,766 --> 00:43:18,866 or other products. - Full concentrate, right? 1003 00:43:18,866 --> 00:43:20,033 - And I've done that in my yard, 1004 00:43:20,033 --> 00:43:21,800 because I have a lot of volunteer green ash 1005 00:43:21,800 --> 00:43:23,800 that's coming up, and so that'll be something 1006 00:43:23,800 --> 00:43:26,200 that's being done here very soon in my yard. 1007 00:43:26,200 --> 00:43:29,333 - There's a question here on the new Roundup for lawns, 1008 00:43:29,333 --> 00:43:32,800 and they want to know, will that control things like 1009 00:43:32,800 --> 00:43:37,566 your suckers from poplar and so forth and so on. 1010 00:43:37,566 --> 00:43:38,833 - Yeah it will. 1011 00:43:41,200 --> 00:43:44,766 - I would have to look, I haven't read the full label. 1012 00:43:44,766 --> 00:43:46,600 But I have glanced at the label, 1013 00:43:46,600 --> 00:43:49,333 and it's a fairly complex label, 1014 00:43:49,333 --> 00:43:51,433 there's a lot of different species listed on there, 1015 00:43:51,433 --> 00:43:53,066 and a lot of different uses. 1016 00:43:53,066 --> 00:43:55,900 - It has caught a lot of us off-guard, 1017 00:43:55,900 --> 00:43:58,800 that this got on the market, 1018 00:43:58,800 --> 00:44:00,966 without really any knowledge coming to us 1019 00:44:00,966 --> 00:44:05,266 so that we could really make recommendations, 1020 00:44:05,266 --> 00:44:06,600 because of the label. 1021 00:44:06,600 --> 00:44:07,666 I have not looked at the label. 1022 00:44:07,666 --> 00:44:08,600 My colleagues haven't. 1023 00:44:08,600 --> 00:44:10,633 This is actually the first time I've seen a bottle of it. 1024 00:44:10,633 --> 00:44:13,133 So it's gonna take a little bit of time for us 1025 00:44:13,133 --> 00:44:16,133 to come up with proper recommendations, on this. 1026 00:44:16,133 --> 00:44:17,866 - Okay, thanks Toby. 1027 00:44:17,866 --> 00:44:19,133 - Mary, from Townsend, 1028 00:44:19,133 --> 00:44:22,100 are fungicides cost-effective in alfalfa? 1029 00:44:22,100 --> 00:44:25,733 There's a lot of good alfalfa grown around Townsend. 1030 00:44:25,733 --> 00:44:27,000 - I would say, maybe. 1031 00:44:27,000 --> 00:44:29,000 We don't have any data. 1032 00:44:29,000 --> 00:44:31,900 I'd say if there is a fungal problem, 1033 00:44:31,900 --> 00:44:34,566 that the fungicide would deal with it, maybe. 1034 00:44:34,566 --> 00:44:36,466 But watch the labels pretty carefully 1035 00:44:36,466 --> 00:44:37,933 about what is allowed. 1036 00:44:37,933 --> 00:44:39,633 - Are there any fungicides currently? 1037 00:44:39,633 --> 00:44:42,433 - Yeah, Headline, and there's probably some more. 1038 00:44:42,433 --> 00:44:44,466 But I'd have to contact Emily Glunk, 1039 00:44:44,466 --> 00:44:46,200 and she may be doing some research on it, 1040 00:44:46,200 --> 00:44:47,833 I'm not quite sure. 1041 00:44:49,366 --> 00:44:51,633 - From Rapelje, Toby, 1042 00:44:51,633 --> 00:44:54,933 this person has 100 Chinese elm trees in his garden, 1043 00:44:54,933 --> 00:44:56,366 and would like to transplant them. 1044 00:44:56,366 --> 00:44:58,033 Will this work? 1045 00:44:58,033 --> 00:45:01,233 - Yes, but I would not do it right now. 1046 00:45:01,233 --> 00:45:02,700 You'll probably want to wait until fall, 1047 00:45:02,700 --> 00:45:04,866 after the leaves have fallen off of those. 1048 00:45:04,866 --> 00:45:06,366 Or, first thing in the spring 1049 00:45:06,366 --> 00:45:08,500 before they start to bud out. 1050 00:45:08,500 --> 00:45:09,766 As soon as they break bud, 1051 00:45:09,766 --> 00:45:11,566 in other words, the buds are broken, 1052 00:45:11,566 --> 00:45:14,466 I'm sure in Rapelje they probably already have, 1053 00:45:14,466 --> 00:45:16,766 and that's gonna be too late. 1054 00:45:16,766 --> 00:45:19,033 Your success rate is gonna go in the tank, 1055 00:45:19,033 --> 00:45:20,400 if you tried to transplant them 1056 00:45:20,400 --> 00:45:22,300 from now until the leaves fall. 1057 00:45:22,300 --> 00:45:26,800 - Well you just made that viewer's spring a lot easier. 1058 00:45:26,800 --> 00:45:27,633 A lot less work. 1059 00:45:27,633 --> 00:45:29,566 - [Toby] I like questions from Rapelje. 1060 00:45:29,566 --> 00:45:31,466 - Be careful out there when you reach down though, 1061 00:45:31,466 --> 00:45:33,400 because there's a lot of buzzers up there. 1062 00:45:33,400 --> 00:45:34,233 - Are there? 1063 00:45:34,233 --> 00:45:36,266 - A lot of rattlesnakes up there. 1064 00:45:36,266 --> 00:45:38,200 - I've actually always wanted to go up there. 1065 00:45:38,200 --> 00:45:39,833 The people that sit right in front of me 1066 00:45:39,833 --> 00:45:42,133 at the Bobcat game are from Rapelje, 1067 00:45:42,133 --> 00:45:44,600 and I've always wanted to go to that area. 1068 00:45:44,600 --> 00:45:45,733 - It's a pretty area. 1069 00:45:45,733 --> 00:45:47,366 - Now you might have went and told me 1070 00:45:47,366 --> 00:45:49,466 that I don't want to if there's buzzers. 1071 00:45:49,466 --> 00:45:52,466 - Use caution around Rapelje. 1072 00:45:52,466 --> 00:45:54,833 - Comment from Havre, now I have heard of this, 1073 00:45:54,833 --> 00:45:58,200 and theoretically this is old school, it works. 1074 00:45:58,200 --> 00:45:59,966 To keep deer out of trees, 1075 00:45:59,966 --> 00:46:02,500 they put Irish Spring soap in a sock, 1076 00:46:02,500 --> 00:46:04,066 and hang it in the trees. 1077 00:46:04,066 --> 00:46:04,900 Have you heard of that one? 1078 00:46:04,900 --> 00:46:05,766 - I have heard of it. 1079 00:46:05,766 --> 00:46:07,833 I've had people that have done it. 1080 00:46:07,833 --> 00:46:11,633 I even had one instance of a person that had tried it, 1081 00:46:11,633 --> 00:46:12,466 put it in the tree, 1082 00:46:12,466 --> 00:46:13,800 and it just attracted the deer, 1083 00:46:13,800 --> 00:46:15,500 and the deer ate the soap. 1084 00:46:15,500 --> 00:46:18,566 (panelists laughing) 1085 00:46:19,733 --> 00:46:20,900 So, just like anything else, 1086 00:46:20,900 --> 00:46:23,366 I think it lasts for a certain amount of time, 1087 00:46:23,366 --> 00:46:24,666 and then the deer get used to it, 1088 00:46:24,666 --> 00:46:26,866 and then it's not an issue. 1089 00:46:26,866 --> 00:46:27,800 - [Jack] Then it's lunch. 1090 00:46:27,800 --> 00:46:29,566 - Yeah, really. 1091 00:46:29,566 --> 00:46:31,633 Short periods of time, two weeks. 1092 00:46:31,633 --> 00:46:33,100 - In other words, you're not gonna stand 1093 00:46:33,100 --> 00:46:34,433 by that recommendation. 1094 00:46:34,433 --> 00:46:35,333 - I'm not, yeah. 1095 00:46:35,333 --> 00:46:37,400 I think it works for a short amount of time, 1096 00:46:37,400 --> 00:46:39,066 but the deer are pretty smart. 1097 00:46:39,066 --> 00:46:40,833 They'll figure it out. 1098 00:46:40,833 --> 00:46:43,700 - Jasmine, this person wants to know 1099 00:46:43,700 --> 00:46:46,400 if there's grants available for, 1100 00:46:49,033 --> 00:46:52,600 basically pulling weeds, noxious weeds, 1101 00:46:52,600 --> 00:46:56,766 instead of using herbicides and so forth and so on. 1102 00:46:56,766 --> 00:47:00,800 - Well, I'm not sure what you'd need money for that. 1103 00:47:00,800 --> 00:47:02,833 Maybe supplies. 1104 00:47:02,833 --> 00:47:04,333 A lot of our local coop grants 1105 00:47:04,333 --> 00:47:06,466 do have a weed-pull day. 1106 00:47:06,466 --> 00:47:10,000 They'll get everybody in the cooperative area, 1107 00:47:10,000 --> 00:47:13,133 or CWMA, which is just a group of people that 1108 00:47:13,133 --> 00:47:15,600 have adjoining lands that have grouped up, 1109 00:47:15,600 --> 00:47:18,833 and made a management plan for themselves. 1110 00:47:18,833 --> 00:47:21,366 And that's what our local coops go to. 1111 00:47:21,366 --> 00:47:23,900 So that is incorporated into a lot of them. 1112 00:47:23,900 --> 00:47:25,666 They'll just have day where they'll barbecue, 1113 00:47:25,666 --> 00:47:28,633 and have everybody come with a bag and gloves, and pull. 1114 00:47:28,633 --> 00:47:30,466 - You just mentioned CWMA. 1115 00:47:30,466 --> 00:47:31,300 What is that? 1116 00:47:31,300 --> 00:47:33,266 - That's a cooperative weed management area. 1117 00:47:33,266 --> 00:47:34,933 - Okay, sounds good. 1118 00:47:36,033 --> 00:47:38,133 As a follow up, from Great Falls, 1119 00:47:38,133 --> 00:47:41,333 this person would like to know, Jane or Jasmine, 1120 00:47:41,333 --> 00:47:43,500 what noxious weeds have been eliminated 1121 00:47:43,500 --> 00:47:46,666 or substantially reduced in the state? 1122 00:47:47,633 --> 00:47:49,133 - You want me to take that one? 1123 00:47:49,133 --> 00:47:49,966 - Yeah. 1124 00:47:49,966 --> 00:47:51,800 - We can co-attack it. 1125 00:47:52,800 --> 00:47:55,266 Well, a couple that I can think of, 1126 00:47:55,266 --> 00:47:59,866 well one is dyers woad, and there's been a cooperative, 1127 00:47:59,866 --> 00:48:02,433 a dyers woad cooperative eradication project 1128 00:48:02,433 --> 00:48:04,833 in Montana for 20 plus years, 1129 00:48:06,300 --> 00:48:08,266 many of those years supported by 1130 00:48:08,266 --> 00:48:10,433 the Noxious Weed Trust Fund. 1131 00:48:10,433 --> 00:48:14,833 So that's a species that we've actually eradicated, 1132 00:48:14,833 --> 00:48:16,800 locations across the state, 1133 00:48:16,800 --> 00:48:21,500 and kept other infestations from getting any larger. 1134 00:48:21,500 --> 00:48:22,633 And that's a real accomplishment, 1135 00:48:22,633 --> 00:48:25,166 because dyers woad is just across our border, 1136 00:48:25,166 --> 00:48:28,033 especially in southwestern Montana, 1137 00:48:28,033 --> 00:48:29,366 down into Idaho. 1138 00:48:30,400 --> 00:48:32,800 Common crupina was a species that was 1139 00:48:32,800 --> 00:48:35,200 on the state noxious weed list for many years, 1140 00:48:35,200 --> 00:48:37,933 and was actually taken off the noxious weed list, 1141 00:48:37,933 --> 00:48:41,433 about maybe seven years ago, or so, 1142 00:48:41,433 --> 00:48:43,766 when we just determined that Montana 1143 00:48:43,766 --> 00:48:46,000 doesn't have the habitat for that. 1144 00:48:46,000 --> 00:48:47,066 We'd been watching for it, 1145 00:48:47,066 --> 00:48:48,733 and we've kind of determined that Montana 1146 00:48:48,733 --> 00:48:53,100 doesn't have the habitat for it to establish. 1147 00:48:53,100 --> 00:48:55,066 Jasmine, I don't know if you can think of any others? 1148 00:48:55,066 --> 00:48:57,666 - The dyers woad, we have task forces 1149 00:48:57,666 --> 00:49:00,933 for a lot of our really aggressive weeds 1150 00:49:01,966 --> 00:49:06,300 that are really isolated, our priority one A and B's. 1151 00:49:06,300 --> 00:49:08,500 And so, like dyers woad is one of them. 1152 00:49:08,500 --> 00:49:11,466 We have a person that's in charge of that project, 1153 00:49:11,466 --> 00:49:14,000 and so she knows where all of the dyers woad is, 1154 00:49:14,000 --> 00:49:14,933 in Montana. 1155 00:49:15,900 --> 00:49:17,733 Same with yellow star thistle. 1156 00:49:17,733 --> 00:49:20,333 There's been a few plants here and there, 1157 00:49:20,333 --> 00:49:22,833 and we've eradicated those from the state, 1158 00:49:22,833 --> 00:49:25,000 but we're always watching. 1159 00:49:25,900 --> 00:49:27,266 - Okay, thank you. 1160 00:49:27,266 --> 00:49:29,566 Mary, interesting question that actually 1161 00:49:29,566 --> 00:49:32,000 came in last week, I just found it again. 1162 00:49:32,000 --> 00:49:34,833 This person has a conifer, doesn't say what type, 1163 00:49:34,833 --> 00:49:38,300 that lost all the bark from three foot above the ground, 1164 00:49:38,300 --> 00:49:40,066 to 20 foot high. 1165 00:49:40,066 --> 00:49:42,800 The bark fell off is on the ground. 1166 00:49:42,800 --> 00:49:46,000 Has horizontal lines also in the tree. 1167 00:49:46,000 --> 00:49:49,733 What is it, and will it happen to the other trees? 1168 00:49:49,733 --> 00:49:51,000 Sample, right? 1169 00:49:51,000 --> 00:49:52,400 - That's a great question. 1170 00:49:52,400 --> 00:49:53,566 Call 994-5150. 1171 00:49:55,333 --> 00:49:59,000 Email pictures to diagnostics@montana.edu, 1172 00:49:59,000 --> 00:50:01,700 or contact your local county extension office. 1173 00:50:01,700 --> 00:50:02,866 We'll try to figure it out. 1174 00:50:02,866 --> 00:50:03,866 - [Jack] It's kind of interesting. 1175 00:50:03,866 --> 00:50:05,166 - That is an interesting one. 1176 00:50:05,166 --> 00:50:06,566 - [Jack] I have no clue what that might be. 1177 00:50:06,566 --> 00:50:08,200 - The horizontal lines makes me think 1178 00:50:08,200 --> 00:50:09,866 it might be a sapsucker. 1179 00:50:09,866 --> 00:50:11,966 - [Jack] Sapsucker, yeah. 1180 00:50:11,966 --> 00:50:13,266 - That's something that you might want to search 1181 00:50:13,266 --> 00:50:15,500 on a search engine, sapsucker damage, 1182 00:50:15,500 --> 00:50:17,500 and that way you'd get a better understanding, 1183 00:50:17,500 --> 00:50:21,066 but whenever I hear lines, it's usually. 1184 00:50:21,066 --> 00:50:22,166 - [Jack] Especially horizontal. 1185 00:50:22,166 --> 00:50:23,833 - Especially horizontal. 1186 00:50:23,833 --> 00:50:26,533 - Okay Jasmine, from Billings, 1187 00:50:26,533 --> 00:50:28,900 it used to be that a certain percentage 1188 00:50:28,900 --> 00:50:31,100 of sales of commercial ag chemicals 1189 00:50:31,100 --> 00:50:32,700 would go into the trust fund. 1190 00:50:32,700 --> 00:50:33,666 Is this still true? 1191 00:50:33,666 --> 00:50:36,400 - Nope, that was true when the trust fund 1192 00:50:36,400 --> 00:50:38,266 was first started, 1193 00:50:38,266 --> 00:50:40,600 when I think the cap was five million. 1194 00:50:40,600 --> 00:50:43,466 So as soon as the trust hit five million, 1195 00:50:43,466 --> 00:50:45,366 that surcharge was taken off. 1196 00:50:45,366 --> 00:50:47,566 The legislature added another five million, 1197 00:50:47,566 --> 00:50:49,166 and that made our 10. 1198 00:50:49,166 --> 00:50:50,666 - Okay, thank you. 1199 00:50:51,533 --> 00:50:52,366 Fromberg, 1200 00:50:54,366 --> 00:50:56,400 this person wants to know, 1201 00:50:56,400 --> 00:50:58,433 and they probably had worms in their apple trees, 1202 00:50:58,433 --> 00:51:01,133 but they want to know when, and what to apply 1203 00:51:01,133 --> 00:51:03,533 for both insects and diseases 1204 00:51:05,900 --> 00:51:08,566 in apples to prevent bad apples. 1205 00:51:09,866 --> 00:51:11,366 - I think we need a little bit more specific, 1206 00:51:11,366 --> 00:51:12,900 we have to actually identify the pests 1207 00:51:12,900 --> 00:51:13,833 that they're dealing with 1208 00:51:13,833 --> 00:51:15,200 before we make any sort of recommendation. 1209 00:51:15,200 --> 00:51:16,066 - Up in the Fromberg area, 1210 00:51:16,066 --> 00:51:18,866 I think the biggest issue is probably kotaline moth. 1211 00:51:18,866 --> 00:51:21,833 And we're actually gonna be putting out ag alerts 1212 00:51:21,833 --> 00:51:24,900 on kotaline moth, because I know that we're gonna be doing 1213 00:51:24,900 --> 00:51:27,400 some trapping all over the state, 1214 00:51:27,400 --> 00:51:31,700 to figure out when to start spraying with those products. 1215 00:51:31,700 --> 00:51:34,233 And in kotaline moth, spenocid followed 1216 00:51:34,233 --> 00:51:35,466 with I think a permethrin, 1217 00:51:35,466 --> 00:51:37,333 is usually what we're recommending at this point. 1218 00:51:37,333 --> 00:51:39,133 - And that brings up, 1219 00:51:39,133 --> 00:51:41,966 we're also trying to use our Facebook page 1220 00:51:41,966 --> 00:51:43,700 for the Scutter Lab to get those alerts out. 1221 00:51:43,700 --> 00:51:45,900 There's an urban alert you can sign up for, 1222 00:51:45,900 --> 00:51:47,666 by email and text, 1223 00:51:47,666 --> 00:51:49,766 or the ag alerts by email and text. 1224 00:51:49,766 --> 00:51:52,600 And then a few of us have started tweeting. 1225 00:51:52,600 --> 00:51:53,766 - [Toby] No! 1226 00:51:53,766 --> 00:51:55,166 - Yes. 1227 00:51:55,166 --> 00:51:57,066 - Who else has Twitter? 1228 00:51:59,066 --> 00:52:02,200 I thought we were immune to that in Montana. 1229 00:52:02,200 --> 00:52:04,633 The whole country talks about Twitter. 1230 00:52:04,633 --> 00:52:07,033 - Well, my Midwestern colleagues 1231 00:52:07,033 --> 00:52:10,966 said that it was a really good way to get information out. 1232 00:52:10,966 --> 00:52:13,333 - [Jack] What's wrong with the telephone? 1233 00:52:13,333 --> 00:52:15,166 - That's really passe. 1234 00:52:16,566 --> 00:52:18,033 - Nobody answers their phone, 1235 00:52:18,033 --> 00:52:21,400 no one answers their phone anymore. 1236 00:52:21,400 --> 00:52:23,366 - We're gonna have to get Jack to start tweeting. 1237 00:52:23,366 --> 00:52:25,966 - I got an unlimited texting plan, finally. 1238 00:52:25,966 --> 00:52:27,833 - All right, let's move on 1239 00:52:27,833 --> 00:52:30,600 to Jane, for knapweed and houndstongue, 1240 00:52:30,600 --> 00:52:33,300 what chemicals can they use to control, 1241 00:52:33,300 --> 00:52:36,100 and when should they apply those chemicals. 1242 00:52:36,100 --> 00:52:38,933 - Well there's lots of options for knapweed. 1243 00:52:38,933 --> 00:52:41,266 I'm assuming this is range and pasture, 1244 00:52:41,266 --> 00:52:43,300 but I probably shouldn't make that assumption. 1245 00:52:43,300 --> 00:52:46,166 But the recommendations I would make, 1246 00:52:46,166 --> 00:52:47,700 are based on range and pasture, 1247 00:52:47,700 --> 00:52:48,966 but clopyralid, 1248 00:52:51,100 --> 00:52:52,200 aminopyralid, 1249 00:52:54,033 --> 00:52:55,933 what am I missing? 1250 00:52:55,933 --> 00:52:57,466 Those are two good ones. 1251 00:52:57,466 --> 00:52:58,300 Picloram. 1252 00:52:59,533 --> 00:53:02,666 The same herbicides that affect knapweed will not 1253 00:53:02,666 --> 00:53:04,233 touch houndstongue. 1254 00:53:06,300 --> 00:53:08,100 And the best products for houndstongue 1255 00:53:08,100 --> 00:53:10,200 is something containing metsulfuron. 1256 00:53:10,200 --> 00:53:11,300 And there are products out there 1257 00:53:11,300 --> 00:53:14,266 that have two different active ingredients 1258 00:53:14,266 --> 00:53:16,700 that would affect both. 1259 00:53:16,700 --> 00:53:19,766 - Can you dig houndstongue pretty effectively. 1260 00:53:19,766 --> 00:53:20,600 - Yes. 1261 00:53:20,600 --> 00:53:22,466 It's lots of fun. 1262 00:53:22,466 --> 00:53:24,566 It's my favorite weed to pull. 1263 00:53:24,566 --> 00:53:27,566 Yeah, so if you don't have very much. 1264 00:53:27,566 --> 00:53:30,800 Pulling both knapweed and houndstongue are feasible. 1265 00:53:30,800 --> 00:53:33,033 - I get the feeling that every time you go on a hike, 1266 00:53:33,033 --> 00:53:35,333 or a float trip, that it takes about an hour and a half 1267 00:53:35,333 --> 00:53:37,200 to get out of the parking lot. 1268 00:53:37,200 --> 00:53:41,466 - Yeah, my husband doesn't let me linger too long. 1269 00:53:41,466 --> 00:53:44,033 But he'll amuse me for a while. 1270 00:53:45,100 --> 00:53:48,933 - Jasmine, this person would like to know, 1271 00:53:48,933 --> 00:53:51,266 what the timeframe for small 1272 00:53:52,500 --> 00:53:54,700 Noxious Weed Trust Fund grants are. 1273 00:53:54,700 --> 00:53:55,900 When do yo apply? 1274 00:53:55,900 --> 00:53:58,766 - Sure, so our applications, our funding opportunities 1275 00:53:58,766 --> 00:54:00,866 go out in about June-July, 1276 00:54:01,900 --> 00:54:03,333 usually at the beginning of July. 1277 00:54:03,333 --> 00:54:07,266 You have until January 6th to fill out your application, 1278 00:54:07,266 --> 00:54:08,466 and get that in. 1279 00:54:08,466 --> 00:54:11,233 And that's done at fundingmt.org. 1280 00:54:12,833 --> 00:54:14,766 So you can fill it out there. 1281 00:54:14,766 --> 00:54:16,966 And then if you apply, 1282 00:54:16,966 --> 00:54:18,800 we have a hearing in March. 1283 00:54:18,800 --> 00:54:21,666 So you'll come in front of our trust fund council, 1284 00:54:21,666 --> 00:54:24,866 present your application, or your project, 1285 00:54:24,866 --> 00:54:27,366 and then funding awards go out in April, 1286 00:54:27,366 --> 00:54:29,666 and then you have 18 months to finish that. 1287 00:54:29,666 --> 00:54:33,766 - Okay, I appreciate that, and thank you. 1288 00:54:33,766 --> 00:54:36,000 Is there a pretty simple form for these people 1289 00:54:36,000 --> 00:54:38,233 to fill out online? 1290 00:54:38,233 --> 00:54:41,566 - So our grants go through some sort of organization, 1291 00:54:41,566 --> 00:54:44,100 so the county weed district extension, 1292 00:54:44,100 --> 00:54:46,033 conservation district. 1293 00:54:46,033 --> 00:54:49,433 We just need a group with a firm accounting system 1294 00:54:49,433 --> 00:54:51,266 for claims and reimbursements. 1295 00:54:51,266 --> 00:54:52,400 - Thank you. 1296 00:54:52,400 --> 00:54:53,800 Jane, we're about out of time, 1297 00:54:53,800 --> 00:54:55,466 but I'm gonna give you a quick one to answer. 1298 00:54:55,466 --> 00:54:58,866 This person wants to get rid of watercress in a creek. 1299 00:54:58,866 --> 00:55:00,700 Any chemicals that can be used? 1300 00:55:00,700 --> 00:55:02,433 - I have no idea. 1301 00:55:02,433 --> 00:55:04,300 - [Jack] That is a nice short answer. 1302 00:55:04,300 --> 00:55:06,833 - Give me a call and we can talk about it. 1303 00:55:06,833 --> 00:55:09,433 Herbicides and water, you have to be very careful. 1304 00:55:09,433 --> 00:55:10,900 - Okay. 1305 00:55:10,900 --> 00:55:14,633 Toby, quickly, when can they plant garlic? 1306 00:55:14,633 --> 00:55:15,466 Best time? 1307 00:55:15,466 --> 00:55:16,433 - Best time's in the fall, 1308 00:55:16,433 --> 00:55:18,133 but if you can get it in the ground, 1309 00:55:18,133 --> 00:55:19,033 get it in the ground, 1310 00:55:19,033 --> 00:55:20,600 you probably can still get garlic, 1311 00:55:20,600 --> 00:55:22,033 in most of the state. 1312 00:55:22,033 --> 00:55:22,866 - Thank you. 1313 00:55:22,866 --> 00:55:23,733 Thank the panel. 1314 00:55:23,733 --> 00:55:26,266 Jasmine, a special thanks to you for coming down. 1315 00:55:26,266 --> 00:55:29,066 We learned a lot about the Noxious Weed Trust Fund tonight. 1316 00:55:29,066 --> 00:55:30,533 We will be back next week. 1317 00:55:30,533 --> 00:55:33,466 Our guest next week will be Bob Quinn. 1318 00:55:33,466 --> 00:55:35,566 Bob is one of the most successful 1319 00:55:35,566 --> 00:55:37,566 organic large-scale producers 1320 00:55:37,566 --> 00:55:39,900 in the state of Montana, from Big Sandy. 1321 00:55:39,900 --> 00:55:41,900 Join us next week, thanks for watching. 1322 00:55:41,900 --> 00:55:45,000 Everyone have a good week, goodnight. 1323 00:55:46,566 --> 00:55:49,900 (light bluegrass music) 1324 00:56:16,000 --> 00:56:19,333 - [Announcer] Montana AG Live is made possible by 1325 00:56:19,333 --> 00:56:22,166 the Montana Department of Agriculture, 1326 00:56:22,166 --> 00:56:24,666 the MSU Extension Service, 1327 00:56:24,666 --> 00:56:26,533 the MSU Ag Experiment Stations 1328 00:56:26,533 --> 00:56:29,100 of the College of Agriculture, 1329 00:56:29,100 --> 00:56:31,766 the Montana Wheat & Barley Committee, 1330 00:56:31,766 --> 00:56:34,800 the Montana Bankers Association, 1331 00:56:34,800 --> 00:56:37,300 Cashman Nursery and Landscaping, 1332 00:56:37,300 --> 00:56:39,466 and the Gallatin Gardeners Club. 1333 00:56:39,500 --> 00:56:43,500 ♪ (bluesy guitar riff) ♪