WEBVTT

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(soothing music)

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- [Narrator] Montana AG
Live is made possible by

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the Montana Department
of Agriculture,

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the MSU Extension Service,

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the MSU AG Experiment Stations

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of the College of Agriculture,

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the Montana Wheat
and Barley Committee,

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the Montana Bankers Association,

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Cashman Nursery and Landscape,

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the Gallatin Gardeners Club

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and the Rocky Mountains
Certified Crop Advisor Program.

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♪ I've got hoppers in my wheat
and my corn is not too sweet ♪

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♪ Taters lying on the ground
and my hay is turning brown ♪

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♪ I've planted and I watered,
I've got everything oughta ♪

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♪ Montana AG Live
where are you ♪

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- Good evening.

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Welcome to another new
edition of Montana AG Live.

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Originating tonight
from our homes

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in Montana beautiful
Gallatin Valley.

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I'm Jack Riesselman, I'll
be your host this evening.

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As you can see, we're
doing this virtually again,

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this is our third effort

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and we're actually
kind of enjoying it.

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Although it's much more
fun to be in the studio

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and have phone answers
there and the phone ringing.

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Speaking of the phones,
that's important,

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we need the questions because

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this program would not have
been around for 25 years

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had you as viewers, not
supplied questions of interest

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to yourself and to other
people around the state.

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So please phone in
those questions tonight

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and we'll do our best
to get the answers

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from this esteemed panel.

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Let me introduce the panel.

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First of all, Mary Burrows,
everybody knows Mary.

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Mary raise your hand and
show them who you are.

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Our special guest tonight

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and we're really
happy to have him,

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is our new Vice
President for Research,

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Economic Development in
Graduate Studies, Jason Carter.

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Jason came to us about
eight, nine months ago

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from Michigan Tech based
in Horton, Michigan.

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I'm not a Midwesterner anymore,

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so I have a little trouble with
some of those Midwest names

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but we'd like to welcome Jason.

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He's gonna tell us a little
bit about what he does

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and how it applies
to agriculture.

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Laurie Kerzicnik, Laurie
is our entomologist.

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We've got a lot of
insect questions folks

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and we're gonna get to
a few of those tonight.

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And of course, you
all know Perry Miller,

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Perry is on every so often,

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he's our Cropping
Systems Agronomist

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and he's going to talk
to us a little bit about

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some of the changes that
we're seeing in agriculture.

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So before we get started
with the questions I have

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and we have them
in from Facebook,

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we're having a little
audio problems tonight

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with the phones.

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So if you have some
pertinent questions

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you oughta email them
in, that will also work.

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But before we move
into the questions,

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let me have Jason, talk
to you a little bit about

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the Vice President's
position here at MSU.

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Little bit of his history,

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I think he's kinesiologist,
I probably can't spell that

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but tell us a little
bit about your history

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and what you're
doing here at MSU.

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- Yeah, thanks so much Jack

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and thanks for inviting
me to the show.

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It's been such a pleasure

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to get to know people here
in Bozeman in Gallatin County

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and hopefully I had planned
to do a lot of outreach

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this spring semester
throughout the state,

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that's been put to the side
but really enjoy your show

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and thankful that you've
given me the opportunity

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to be part of it.

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As you mentioned,

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I moved here with my
family back in September.

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I was at Michigan Tech
University before that,

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which is a a STEM
oriented University

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not that very different from
Montana State to be honest.

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Except that in Michigan,
Michigan State is our AG school

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and our land grant,

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but we do a lot of
work at Michigan Tech

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and extension, and the
experimental stations.

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There is experimental
station about two hours

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to the west of Michigan Tech.

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So I grew up in the Upper
Peninsula of Michigan and

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there were really only about
two or three universities

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I always kept an eye on.

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I was always looking for a
place that had the right makeup

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of programs in an area that I
thought I could contribute to

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and then I wanted
to be around beauty

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because I left a lot of beauty
and the Upper Peninsula.

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I traded the waters for the
mountains but my family and I

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were really excited when

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the Montana State
position opened up.

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And so happy to be here.

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I can't wait to talk a
little bit in the show

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about my impressions
of Montana State,

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the faculty, the students

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and the remarkable things
happening on campus.

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So thanks for having me.

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- Well it's a pleasure Jason
and we'll get back to you.

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I do have some questions
that did come in via Facebook

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and a couple email ones,

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so we'll get to those
in a little bit.

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But meanwhile,
Laurie from Bozeman,

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this person has a bunch
of relatively new two

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and three year old spruce trees

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that the tips are dying back.

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Any idea why?

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- Yeah, that is probably
the White Pine Weevil

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and that is a pest
that hits almost all of

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our Colorado Blue
Spruce and spruce trees.

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It's a small weevil and
adults come out in the spring

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when the weather starts to warm,

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they crawl up to the leader
of the tree and they lay eggs,

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and then the eggs hatch and
they burrow into the wood.

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And then mid summer, late
summer, they start to wilt.

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The leaders start to wilt.

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So then you start to
see that on some of

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the rest of the tree
kind of competing,

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the leaders competing
as codominant leaders.

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So it's a little tricky to,
you could spray the terminal

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with a contact spray and I
could help you with that,

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and in any sort of context spray

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that's labeled for
that tree will work.

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There's also a systemic you
could apply in the spring called

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and the active ingredient
is dynatratephron,

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and it would have to
be applied now in order

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for that to work.

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So a little tricky to time

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but it's also possible you
could really control just

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by training a new leader.

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You could cut out
where the damage is

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and you could
train a new leader.

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So you don't have to use
chemicals at all for this pest.

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- I got several out
last year, it works.

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But you do have to
train a new branch

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to become the main leader.

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- Yeah, you sure do.

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- Jason, this question came
in via email from Conrad

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and they would like to
know if your impressions

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of Montana State University
experiment stations located

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in six or seven different
locations around the state.

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And they would like
to know do you plan

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to attend any of the Field Days
if they are held this year?

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- I mentioned that in my
opening comments there

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that I was sent to go
with Dean Bourgeois

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to a couple of the experimental
stations this spring.

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In fact, we hesitated to even.

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It was back I think
in January, February,

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we had started planning
those for late February

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or early March

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and we kept them all the
way up until right before

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the stay at home orders
got put into place.

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But I'm really eager to get
out and get around the state,

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and especially visit with
the experimental stations.

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There's such great work
happening all around the state

07:30.966 --> 07:34.900 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
in the AG stations and
I've been very impressed.

07:34.900 --> 07:37.833 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
I'm very impressed
with the people,

07:37.833 --> 07:40.600 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
the quality of the
research that's happening,

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both here at the
mothership in Bozeman

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and then all around the state.

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So it is something
that I wanna get to

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and I'm very hopeful that with

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the count here in
Montana and the way

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we seem to be
flattening the curve,

07:56.233 --> 07:58.566 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
that there might be a
chance at some point

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to having some of those events.

07:59.866 --> 08:02.566 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
In a maintaining our
distance from one another,

08:02.566 --> 08:04.966 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
wearing face coverings
if so be it but

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if there are some of those
I will be trying to attend

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and meet with people.

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- I really enjoyed the
Field Days and Perry

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you guys go to several of them.

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Do you anticipate?

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Have you heard anything at
all from any of the stations

08:21.666 --> 08:24.933 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
about whether or not they're
considering delaying them

08:24.933 --> 08:26.700 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
or maybe having them?

08:33.366 --> 08:35.766 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
- I'll jump in
here for a second.

08:35.766 --> 08:38.700 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
From what I hear they have not
been officially canceled yet,

08:38.700 --> 08:41.866 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
they're hopeful but maybe that's

08:41.866 --> 08:43.200 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
a couple week old information.

08:43.200 --> 08:44.933 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
So I don't know if
that's actually accurate.

08:44.933 --> 08:48.566 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
Mary might have
better information.

08:48.566 --> 08:49.900 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
- I have not heard anything.

08:49.900 --> 08:52.966 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
I think we live day
to day by policy.

08:54.566 --> 08:59.566 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
- Mary while I've got you up,
quick question from Helena.

08:59.733 --> 09:03.966 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
They have a 10 year old Spruce
that was fine a month ago

09:03.966 --> 09:07.566 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
and now it's stone cold
dead, any idea why?

09:09.066 --> 09:11.600 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
- Well that's pretty dramatic.

09:12.766 --> 09:15.733 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
I would suggest they contact us

09:15.733 --> 09:16.966 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
with anything that
may have happened

09:16.966 --> 09:19.566 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
that isn't in that question.

09:19.566 --> 09:23.233 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
They can call the
diagnostic lab at 994-5150

09:25.233 --> 09:27.966 align:start position:42.5% line:10% size:15%
or email
diagnostics@montana.edu,

09:29.000 --> 09:31.866 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
or they can contact their
local county extension agent

09:31.866 --> 09:33.633 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
to get some help on that.

09:33.633 --> 09:35.233 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
- Okay, thank you.

09:35.233 --> 09:37.633 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
Jason, a question from Helena.

09:37.633 --> 09:40.466 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
This person has been
told and has read that

09:40.466 --> 09:44.233 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
MSU is one of the
top undergraduate

09:44.233 --> 09:45.333 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
in the nation.

09:45.333 --> 09:48.866 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
They'd like to know
how that is measured.

09:48.866 --> 09:50.900 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
- Well, one of the things

09:50.900 --> 09:54.433 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
that Montana State University's
is really proud of is

09:54.433 --> 09:56.266 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
we have a designation.

09:57.233 --> 09:59.700 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
It's called RI
Carnegie Designation

09:59.700 --> 10:03.766 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:24.38%
and that is a
designation that looks at

10:03.766 --> 10:06.366 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:24.38%
your research
expenditures as well as

10:06.366 --> 10:08.400 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
a number of other metrics,

10:08.400 --> 10:11.066 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
like your number
of PhD graduates,

10:11.066 --> 10:12.666 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
and some of those other markers.

10:12.666 --> 10:14.666 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
And so we are one of 130

10:15.566 --> 10:20.200 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
that are in that category,
of those 130 only one or two

10:20.200 --> 10:22.800 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
have a really high
undergraduate count like we do.

10:22.800 --> 10:24.233 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
And so it's very rare

10:24.233 --> 10:28.466 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
when you look at a lot of
the R1 research universities

10:28.466 --> 10:31.200 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
that are out there,
they tend to be.

10:31.200 --> 10:32.766 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
Sometimes universities that have

10:32.766 --> 10:35.133 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
really large graduate programs,

10:35.133 --> 10:37.366 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
they tend to have
cadres of postdocs

10:37.366 --> 10:39.500 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
and maybe even are affiliated

10:39.500 --> 10:42.433 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:22.5%
with medical
campuses and colleges

10:42.433 --> 10:46.133 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
but at Montana State,
we're one of those 130 and

10:46.133 --> 10:48.866 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
that creates unprecedented
opportunities

10:48.866 --> 10:50.766 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
for our undergraduates.

10:52.266 --> 10:56.333 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
They become the replacement
for the postdocs

10:56.333 --> 10:58.500 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
and the other personnel.

10:58.500 --> 11:01.633 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
So I think undergraduates
here at at Montana State

11:01.633 --> 11:04.000 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
have a tremendous opportunity

11:04.000 --> 11:06.600 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
and it's because of the quality
of faculty that we have,

11:06.600 --> 11:07.700 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
the research that we do,

11:07.700 --> 11:12.200 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
and in my eight months here,
I've been so impressed.

11:12.200 --> 11:14.333 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
I came from a university
that where I thought

11:14.333 --> 11:16.800 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
we did undergraduate
research really well

11:16.800 --> 11:18.533 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
when I was at Michigan Tech

11:18.533 --> 11:21.266 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
to a place that is
just phenomenal at it.

11:21.266 --> 11:23.200 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
We were talking before
the show started about

11:23.200 --> 11:25.666 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
how unfortunate it was
that we had to cancel

11:25.666 --> 11:29.200 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
the Inca National Conference
for Undergraduate Research

11:29.200 --> 11:30.500 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
that was supposed to be hosted

11:30.500 --> 11:33.333 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
on Montana State's
campus in March.

11:33.333 --> 11:35.133 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
Which was really
unfortunate because

11:35.133 --> 11:38.800 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
we had the second highest
number of abstract applicants

11:38.800 --> 11:39.866 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
that were gonna come,

11:39.866 --> 11:42.766 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
so we were gonna have
nearly 4000 undergraduates

11:42.766 --> 11:44.966 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
and their advisors
here on our campus

11:44.966 --> 11:47.400 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:24.38%
to talk about
undergraduate research.

11:47.400 --> 11:49.766 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
So the reason, if you ask me,

11:49.766 --> 11:51.200 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
the reason why we have such

11:51.200 --> 11:52.900 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
a strong undergraduate
research program,

11:52.900 --> 11:55.600 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
is because of the dedicated
faculty that we have.

11:55.600 --> 11:57.600 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
And it's because
they take the time

11:57.600 --> 12:00.166 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
to involve those students
in their research.

12:00.166 --> 12:03.300 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
We have an amazing
honors college.

12:03.300 --> 12:05.900 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
One of the statistics
that is really remarkable

12:05.900 --> 12:07.600 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
is the number of
Goldwater applications

12:07.600 --> 12:09.833 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
that we have here at Montana,

12:09.833 --> 12:12.166 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
since it's a highly
prestigious award given

12:12.166 --> 12:13.833 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
to undergraduates for research.

12:13.833 --> 12:17.033 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
We rank right up there in the
top 20 in the entire country,

12:17.033 --> 12:19.266 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
right there with the
Stanford's and the Yale's,

12:19.266 --> 12:22.233 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
and so for a university
to have that quality

12:22.233 --> 12:25.400 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
of an undergraduate
is quite remarkable.

12:25.400 --> 12:28.733 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
- Perry have you
had undergraduate

12:28.733 --> 12:30.500 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
and in your programs?

12:32.100 --> 12:34.500 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
- Yes, so actually,
we're fortunate

12:34.500 --> 12:37.633 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
to have an undergraduate
researcher right now,

12:37.633 --> 12:40.000 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
I think he'll eventually
parlay the research

12:40.000 --> 12:43.300 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
that he's doing now
into a Master's Program.

12:43.300 --> 12:45.400 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
He's been doing
some work on control

12:45.400 --> 12:47.366 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
of perennial weeds
in organic systems

12:47.366 --> 12:48.866 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
and using actually a pathogen

12:48.866 --> 12:51.600 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
to try and get
some of that done.

12:54.233 --> 12:55.333 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
Maybe he's a pretty rare person

12:55.333 --> 13:00.333 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
but it's been a really fun to
watch and fun to be a part of.

13:00.766 --> 13:02.600 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
- Mary, how about you?

13:04.466 --> 13:07.766 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
- We always have
undergrads in the labs.

13:07.766 --> 13:10.033 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
This semester we have
a Hillerman Scholar

13:10.033 --> 13:11.633 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
from northwest Montana

13:11.633 --> 13:13.300 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
and we had another person doing

13:13.300 --> 13:15.200 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
their undergrad
research project,

13:15.200 --> 13:17.833 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
and then we always have a
few that are just hourlies

13:17.833 --> 13:20.533 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
and learning about science.

13:20.533 --> 13:21.366 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
We usually get them
out in the field

13:21.366 --> 13:24.266 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
and do a little
extension if we can.

13:24.266 --> 13:26.933 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
- If I were a student,
high school student,

13:26.933 --> 13:29.033 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
considering a university

13:29.033 --> 13:31.566 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
and had curiosity
about various things.

13:31.566 --> 13:35.100 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
MSU is a wonderful
place to be challenged

13:35.100 --> 13:36.366 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
to do some research.

13:36.366 --> 13:39.600 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
I saw it for years
when I was on campus

13:39.600 --> 13:41.200 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
and it is impressive.

13:41.200 --> 13:44.733 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
So with that Mary, let's
change tune a little bit.

13:44.733 --> 13:47.766 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
This person in Bozeman,
question came in last week,

13:47.766 --> 13:51.300 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
has tomatoes with
interveinal chlorosis.

13:51.300 --> 13:53.733 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
He transferred those
into a container

13:53.733 --> 13:56.800 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
that had once been bleached.

13:56.800 --> 13:59.733 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
Is this the cause
of the chlorosis?

14:02.266 --> 14:03.533 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
- Probably not.

14:04.600 --> 14:05.433 align:start position:42.5% line:10% size:15%
Usually,

14:06.600 --> 14:10.966 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
it can be a several
reasons but if he (mumbles)

14:10.966 --> 14:13.800 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
and rinsed it that
should be fine.

14:13.800 --> 14:16.733 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
A lot of times it's
nutritional deficiency

14:16.733 --> 14:18.800 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
and that can be from cold

14:18.800 --> 14:22.266 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
or it can be from lack
of nutrient in the soil.

14:22.266 --> 14:24.766 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
And they could certainly
shoot us a few pictures

14:24.766 --> 14:27.933 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
and we can help them get it
narrowed down a little bit more

14:27.933 --> 14:29.533 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
if you wanted to.

14:29.533 --> 14:33.033 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
- Bleach breaks down pretty
fast in sunlight as I recall,

14:33.033 --> 14:35.966 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
so if it's out for a day
or so I don't think --

14:35.966 --> 14:36.800 align:start position:42.5% line:10% size:13.13%
- Yeah.

14:39.766 --> 14:42.200 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
- Unless you're pouring
bleach on there.

14:42.200 --> 14:43.466 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
There are some municipal waters,

14:43.466 --> 14:46.900 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
they actually add small
amounts of bleach to kill

14:46.900 --> 14:51.900 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
(mumbles) in the US municipal
water for greenhouses.

14:52.466 --> 14:54.133 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
- Okay, thanks Mary.

14:55.433 --> 14:58.400 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
Laurie, this is a question
that everybody has

14:58.400 --> 15:01.833 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
that tries to grow
vegetables in Montana.

15:01.833 --> 15:06.100 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
Flea beetles, how do you
prevent them in brassicas,

15:07.233 --> 15:09.266 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
or radishes or potatoes?

15:09.266 --> 15:11.766 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
Their larvae, any suggestions?

15:13.666 --> 15:16.433 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
- Flea beetles are
really difficult.

15:16.433 --> 15:18.400 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
I think one of the best
things you could do

15:18.400 --> 15:22.800 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:52.5%
is rope covers early on, try
to protect the early seedlings.

15:22.800 --> 15:24.400 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
They can take a
lot of damage from,

15:24.400 --> 15:26.566 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
the leaves themselves
can take a lot of damage

15:26.566 --> 15:28.000 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
from flea beetles

15:29.200 --> 15:30.966 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
after they've grown.

15:30.966 --> 15:33.000 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
So protect those
early seedlings,

15:33.000 --> 15:36.933 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
try to plan a trap crop,
something like radishes.

15:36.933 --> 15:40.033 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
They're so highly mobile that
they're difficult to control.

15:40.033 --> 15:44.600 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
I got a question about using
parasitic beneficial nematodes

15:44.600 --> 15:48.400 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
for flea beetles and
there on the label

15:48.400 --> 15:51.933 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
and they do deposit
their eggs in the soil

15:51.933 --> 15:54.000 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
but they haven't been very
effective for flea beetles

15:54.000 --> 15:56.233 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
because they're so mobile,

15:56.233 --> 15:59.533 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
and the same adults could
just move over a little bit.

15:59.533 --> 16:01.466 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
So try to get those rope covers,

16:01.466 --> 16:04.700 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
try to protect the early
seedlings and then just know

16:04.700 --> 16:08.466 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
that they can take
a a lot of damage.

16:08.466 --> 16:10.466 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
It's a constant problem.

16:11.333 --> 16:14.800 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
- Years ago we use a
product called Diathanon,

16:14.800 --> 16:19.133 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
it did a wonderful job but
they did not re-register.

16:20.833 --> 16:22.600 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
- Jack, can I follow up there?

16:22.600 --> 16:24.766 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
I don't know if
I'm muted or not.

16:24.766 --> 16:26.033 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
- No you're not.
- No.

16:26.033 --> 16:31.033 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
- So Laurie last year, we had
several demonstration crops,

16:31.333 --> 16:34.466 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
different types of
brassicas at the post farm

16:34.466 --> 16:37.533 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
and I was astonished
at how the flea beetles

16:37.533 --> 16:40.500 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
went to the yellow
mustard instead of canola,

16:40.500 --> 16:44.466 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
instead of Oriental
mustard, other brassicas

16:44.466 --> 16:46.866 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
that we had in there.

16:46.866 --> 16:48.100 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
I liked your idea of a trap crop

16:48.100 --> 16:50.400 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
but wonder yellow mustard
seeds pretty easy to grow.

16:50.400 --> 16:53.600 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
So I wonder if that would
work in a garden situation.

16:53.600 --> 16:55.366 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
- That's a good idea.

16:56.366 --> 16:58.500 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
- We learned something
tonight, that's good.

16:58.500 --> 17:01.133 align:start position:40.62% line:10% size:18.75%
- (laughs)

17:01.133 --> 17:02.800 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
- Jason from Helena.

17:05.566 --> 17:09.000 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
They have friends that
work in the College of AG

17:09.000 --> 17:12.333 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and they're always talking
about overhead charges.

17:12.333 --> 17:15.366 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
What are they and
do they vary with

17:15.366 --> 17:19.500 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
the various different
departments at the university?

17:19.500 --> 17:20.333 align:start position:42.5% line:10% size:13.13%
- Sure.

17:22.266 --> 17:24.866 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
Overhead charges
is a term that we

17:24.866 --> 17:28.600 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
are trying to move away
from actually, Jack.

17:28.600 --> 17:31.233 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
It refers to a grant and then

17:31.233 --> 17:32.800 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
there's what's called facilities

17:32.800 --> 17:34.933 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
and administrative costs
above and beyond that.

17:34.933 --> 17:37.333 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
So you say you get a grant from

17:37.333 --> 17:38.733 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
the Department of Agriculture

17:38.733 --> 17:40.733 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:20.63%
or National
Institutes of Health.

17:40.733 --> 17:43.766 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
You have what are called your
direct costs for research

17:43.766 --> 17:44.600 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
and then you have

17:44.600 --> 17:47.066 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
what had been previously
referred to as overhead

17:47.066 --> 17:49.266 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
or indirect costs.

17:49.266 --> 17:50.533 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
It was several years about,

17:50.533 --> 17:52.333 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
probably about three
or four years back.

17:52.333 --> 17:54.800 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
Where you might
remember early on in

17:54.800 --> 17:57.966 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:20.63%
the current
administration's timeframe

17:57.966 --> 18:00.466 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
there was a lot of
questions about this.

18:00.466 --> 18:04.133 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
There was actually,
some individuals in DC

18:04.133 --> 18:07.766 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
that were were saying, "Why
do we have any of this?"

18:07.766 --> 18:09.266 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
And that's really when
we started to move away

18:09.266 --> 18:11.300 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:24.38%
from the term
overhead or indirect

18:11.300 --> 18:12.600 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
because things that are not,

18:12.600 --> 18:14.433 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
things that are
indirect are not direct

18:14.433 --> 18:15.900 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
and they're not important or

18:15.900 --> 18:18.400 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
overhead had a bad
kind of connotation.

18:18.400 --> 18:21.400 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
What it really is a
rate for the facilities

18:21.400 --> 18:24.066 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
and the administrative
aspects of the research,

18:24.066 --> 18:27.666 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
and it pays for the compliance
aspects for the research.

18:27.666 --> 18:30.333 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
It pays for the office
of sponsored programs

18:30.333 --> 18:32.133 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
to make sure that they are there

18:32.133 --> 18:34.233 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
and available to help
the faculty members,

18:34.233 --> 18:36.666 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
and other researchers
to be able to process

18:36.666 --> 18:40.266 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
their grants efficiently,
and for facilities as well.

18:40.266 --> 18:42.000 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
And so we do reinvest

18:43.900 --> 18:46.700 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
what are what were previously
referred as overheads in F&A.

18:46.700 --> 18:49.366 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
Now we call them facilities
and administrative aspects.

18:49.366 --> 18:52.366 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
We invest those back
in to the facilities

18:52.366 --> 18:57.266 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
and to our individuals
in various forms

18:57.266 --> 18:59.700 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
but they're very
important to universities.

18:59.700 --> 19:03.400 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
They really are important
to research at universities

19:03.400 --> 19:06.600 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
and they really, I
think, if you look at

19:06.600 --> 19:11.000 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
the growth of research at MSU
in the past couple decades,

19:11.000 --> 19:13.066 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
it's been enabled
because of a lot of that.

19:13.066 --> 19:14.733 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
The re-investments
that have been able

19:14.733 --> 19:18.266 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
to be made in facilities
and research through those.

19:18.266 --> 19:21.000 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
So that's really what
overhead is all about.

19:21.000 --> 19:23.900 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
- I might follow that
up a little bit, Jason.

19:23.900 --> 19:25.900 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
What is the out reach research?

19:25.900 --> 19:27.200 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
I can't say out reach.

19:27.200 --> 19:28.466 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
What is the research budget

19:28.466 --> 19:32.266 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
in Montana State
University right now?

19:32.266 --> 19:37.033 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
- We operate almost
exclusively off of that F&A.

19:37.033 --> 19:40.333 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
We do have a small
amount that does come

19:40.333 --> 19:43.100 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
from the state budget as well
for some research aspects

19:43.100 --> 19:46.200 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
but it runs around
19 to $20 million.

19:47.233 --> 19:49.733 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
Of that 19 to 20 million,

19:49.733 --> 19:51.900 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
well over half of
that are fixed costs.

19:51.900 --> 19:52.733 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:22.5%
For example,

19:52.733 --> 19:55.200 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
several years back, we
made a strategic decision,

19:55.200 --> 19:56.400 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
and I think it was a good one,

19:56.400 --> 20:00.866 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
to build a new chemistry,
biochemistry building on campus.

20:00.866 --> 20:04.033 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
We're still paying off
the bonds on that building

20:04.033 --> 20:06.533 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
as well as the operations
and maintenance budget.

20:06.533 --> 20:10.300 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
So we reinvest a lot of
that into that F of the F&A,

20:10.300 --> 20:11.600 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
the facilities portion.

20:11.600 --> 20:15.333 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
So it's about 20
million or so, Jack.

20:15.333 --> 20:16.700 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
- Okay, thank you.

20:16.700 --> 20:19.500 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
We don't have the person on
the panel to answer this.

20:19.500 --> 20:22.200 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
The scenario is in a
comment from Helena.

20:22.200 --> 20:24.400 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
They have noticed many
of their neighbors

20:24.400 --> 20:26.266 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
have been cleaning
their garages.

20:26.266 --> 20:29.666 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
I can relate to that,
outbuildings, et cetera.

20:29.666 --> 20:33.033 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
They would like to know if
there is a Toxic Recycle Day

20:33.033 --> 20:35.766 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
for the counties this year?

20:35.766 --> 20:37.433 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
If so, what does
the panel suggest?

20:37.433 --> 20:39.400 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
What I'm gonna as
is that we'll check

20:39.400 --> 20:41.700 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
with the Department
of AG next week

20:41.700 --> 20:44.766 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
and we'll have an answer
for that question next week.

20:44.766 --> 20:46.800 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
I'm sure in whatever
state they are.

20:46.800 --> 20:48.533 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
Laurie you know
anything about that?

20:48.533 --> 20:50.133 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
- Yeah, I was just reading

20:50.133 --> 20:53.166 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
the last Lives and
Landscapes that publication

20:53.166 --> 20:55.433 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and it said that there is,

20:55.433 --> 20:56.833 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
I don't know if they're
gonna do it this year

20:56.833 --> 21:01.833 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
but they're supposed to have
a pesticide waste drop off

21:02.033 --> 21:04.966 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
in the western
region in September.

21:06.266 --> 21:08.366 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
That's all I saw.

21:08.366 --> 21:10.466 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
- Well, we'll follow up on
that a little bit next week,

21:10.466 --> 21:13.133 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
I'll find out from
somebody what's going on.

21:13.133 --> 21:16.366 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
Please don't throw
it in the garbage can

21:16.366 --> 21:19.566 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
that's not a good place
to put toxic pesticides

21:19.566 --> 21:20.733 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:24.38%
and so forth.

21:20.733 --> 21:23.966 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
Hold on to them until you
can properly dispose of them.

21:23.966 --> 21:27.933 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
Perry, this question came
in last week from Chester.

21:27.933 --> 21:30.000 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
They would like to
know how climate change

21:30.000 --> 21:32.900 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
will affect crops
on the Highline.

21:32.900 --> 21:34.666 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
It's a good question.

21:38.166 --> 21:40.466 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
- You can think of
climate in two ways

21:40.466 --> 21:42.800 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
from a Montana dryland
farmer perspective

21:42.800 --> 21:47.800 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
and one is that there's climate
change is a background trend

21:47.866 --> 21:50.500 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
of things that are
usually general.

21:50.500 --> 21:52.900 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
If it's temperatures
it's usually increasing

21:52.900 --> 21:55.966 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
and if you reach a particular
threshold at certain points

21:55.966 --> 21:57.666 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
that can actually
be very damaging

21:57.666 --> 21:59.866 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
to crops at certain life stages

21:59.866 --> 22:03.000 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
but for us, the bigger
factor is the variability

22:03.000 --> 22:04.733 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
around that line.

22:04.733 --> 22:07.300 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
Especially rainfall but it
can be temperature also.

22:07.300 --> 22:09.500 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
And so to the extent
that that variation,

22:09.500 --> 22:11.266 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
it's already pretty bad.

22:11.266 --> 22:13.333 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
And so if that
variation gets worse

22:13.333 --> 22:15.566 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
that will make it
even more challenging.

22:15.566 --> 22:17.966 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:48.75%
If you get a really severe
frost event at the wrong time

22:17.966 --> 22:20.366 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
that can be incredibly damaging.

22:20.366 --> 22:22.933 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
If you get too much rain,
if you get not enough rain

22:22.933 --> 22:27.033 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
at the right time that
can be as damaging too

22:27.033 --> 22:31.000 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
The precipitation part of this
is a lot harder to predict

22:31.000 --> 22:33.200 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
than the temperature side.

22:35.533 --> 22:38.700 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
We'll try to adapt
the best we can but

22:39.700 --> 22:42.333 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
it would be best not
to have to deal with it

22:42.333 --> 22:44.000 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
in a very large way.

22:45.400 --> 22:47.433 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
- Certainly in years
I've been around Montana

22:47.433 --> 22:49.866 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
which started in 1979.

22:49.866 --> 22:52.466 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
We used to grow a
lot of spring wheat

22:52.466 --> 22:57.366 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
in the Hardin County area,
great for spring wheat.

22:57.366 --> 22:59.466 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
With temperatures
now in the summertime

22:59.466 --> 23:03.500 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
at pollination exceeding 100
degrees almost every year.

23:03.500 --> 23:06.966 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
We can't grow spring wheat
there so it's moved north.

23:06.966 --> 23:09.933 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
Even in the northern part
of the state I'm told that

23:09.933 --> 23:13.066 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
it's gotten hotter and some
of these spring wheat crops

23:13.066 --> 23:16.366 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
have a tendency to abort
during the bloom period.

23:16.366 --> 23:17.566 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
So it's changed,

23:17.566 --> 23:20.300 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
we're growing a lot more
corn up in the Highline

23:20.300 --> 23:21.666 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
than we used to.

23:21.666 --> 23:24.733 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
So climate change
has a huge effect.

23:24.733 --> 23:25.566 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
- Yeah, it does.

23:25.566 --> 23:27.133 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
So Luther Talbert,

23:27.133 --> 23:29.300 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
you know speaking of
spring wheat actually did

23:29.300 --> 23:34.066 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
some interesting climate
change assessment over time.

23:34.066 --> 23:36.066 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
He was probably being a
little bit tongue in cheek

23:36.066 --> 23:37.966 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
before he retired but
he was worried about

23:37.966 --> 23:40.600 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
whether there would be a need
for a spring wheat breeder

23:40.600 --> 23:42.666 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
because things were
getting so bad.

23:42.666 --> 23:45.700 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
But then you get a year like
last year where it was cool

23:45.700 --> 23:49.633 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
and we never had any amount
of drought the entire.

23:49.633 --> 23:51.833 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:20.63%
That's that
variation part again.

23:51.833 --> 23:53.900 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
- Yeah, I agree.

23:53.900 --> 23:58.033 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
Jason, this question
came in from Belgrade.

23:58.033 --> 24:00.700 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
How is the university
returning to research

24:00.700 --> 24:02.400 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
in the wake of COVID-19?

24:02.400 --> 24:05.200 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
I assume they're talking
about agricultural research

24:05.200 --> 24:07.766 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
and also on campus in the labs.

24:09.200 --> 24:12.600 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
- We took a real careful
and disciplined approach

24:12.600 --> 24:15.500 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
when we started talking
here at the university about

24:15.500 --> 24:17.766 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
how to scale down research?

24:19.266 --> 24:21.233 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
We had some benefit
of being able to see

24:21.233 --> 24:23.066 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
what happened on the East
Coast and the West Coast

24:23.066 --> 24:24.300 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
that were ahead of us.

24:24.300 --> 24:26.700 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
Some universities went
to a complete shutdown

24:26.700 --> 24:29.300 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
and I can tell you,
after being in a call

24:29.300 --> 24:33.533 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
with some other VPRs here
recently, a lot of them I think,

24:33.533 --> 24:35.000 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
regretted going that far.

24:35.000 --> 24:36.200 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
We took a different approach,

24:36.200 --> 24:39.266 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
we developed what we called
research operation levels,

24:39.266 --> 24:41.066 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
zero through one through four

24:41.066 --> 24:44.766 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
and each of them had different
mitigation strategies.

24:44.766 --> 24:45.633 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
During the outbreak,

24:45.633 --> 24:48.200 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
we got to level two
research operations,

24:48.200 --> 24:50.966 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
which was where we asked
all of our researchers

24:50.966 --> 24:55.200 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
both here on campus as well as
in our experimental stations

24:55.200 --> 24:58.266 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
and extension to
pause their research

24:59.833 --> 25:02.866 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
in the data acquisition
phase if they could.

25:02.866 --> 25:05.533 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
But we always allow them
to make an appeal under

25:05.533 --> 25:08.466 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
what we term essential
research guidelines,

25:08.466 --> 25:12.400 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
which stated that if you
stopped collecting data

25:12.400 --> 25:16.166 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
it would cause irreversible
data or financial loss.

25:16.166 --> 25:20.100 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
And situations like for
example, the birthing season,

25:20.100 --> 25:23.533 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
you just can't walk away
from that type of research,

25:23.533 --> 25:25.966 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
you have to do it in
a mitigated manner.

25:25.966 --> 25:28.433 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:48.75%
We had individuals who had
been collecting data for two,

25:28.433 --> 25:29.766 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
three consecutive years

25:29.766 --> 25:32.633 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
and we're coming up on their
longitudinal data points,

25:32.633 --> 25:36.166 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
that would be irreversible,
irrevocable data damage.

25:36.166 --> 25:37.833 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
And so we allowed
those individuals

25:37.833 --> 25:39.366 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
to put together a plan

25:39.366 --> 25:41.333 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
with our Office of
Research Compliance

25:41.333 --> 25:43.600 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
to keep their operations
moving forward

25:43.600 --> 25:45.733 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
in a mitigated manner.

25:45.733 --> 25:49.833 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
I can tell you that almost
80, 85% of our faculty

25:49.833 --> 25:54.000 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
did exactly what we asked them,
within one week they said,

25:54.000 --> 25:54.833 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
"You know what?

25:54.833 --> 25:56.166 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
"I'm able to go
offline for a while,

25:56.166 --> 25:59.333 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
"I'll work on my papers,
I'll work on a new grant,

25:59.333 --> 26:01.700 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
"I'll get to that data
that's been sitting there

26:01.700 --> 26:03.333 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
"and I haven't
analyzed for a while."

26:03.333 --> 26:04.966 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
And so for about
four weeks there,

26:04.966 --> 26:08.933 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
they took a complete pause on
the actual data acquisition

26:08.933 --> 26:11.233 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
but there was still
about 15 or so percent

26:11.233 --> 26:12.666 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
that still needed
to do something.

26:12.666 --> 26:13.666 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
And we had to work with them

26:13.666 --> 26:17.100 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:52.5%
on making sure they had good
personal protective equipment

26:17.100 --> 26:19.100 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
that they were social distancing

26:19.100 --> 26:21.833 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
and we did everything in our
power to keep them moving.

26:21.833 --> 26:24.200 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
And that includes some
of our COVID research,

26:24.200 --> 26:26.766 align:start position:35% line:10% size:26.25%
we had several
people that pivoted

26:26.766 --> 26:28.366 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
a lot in the College
of Agriculture.

26:28.366 --> 26:30.933 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:48.75%
I'm sure we'll get to some
of that during today's show

26:30.933 --> 26:34.700 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
that pivoted away from research
they'd been doing previously

26:34.700 --> 26:36.733 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
to COVID-19 research.

26:36.733 --> 26:39.000 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
And we definitely wanted
to be part of that,

26:39.000 --> 26:40.566 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
we had to be part
of that solution.

26:40.566 --> 26:43.000 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
And there's some really great
stuff coming out from that,

26:43.000 --> 26:45.700 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
particularly related to
monitoring of wastewater

26:45.700 --> 26:47.433 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
and other types of things that

26:47.433 --> 26:50.200 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
I look forward to
briefing your viewers on.

26:50.200 --> 26:52.266 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
I think it's really important
for them to understand

26:52.266 --> 26:55.400 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
some of what we're doing to
help be part of the solution.

26:55.400 --> 26:57.233 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
So we took a careful
approach Jack

26:57.233 --> 27:00.500 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
and we were very careful in
making sure that we ramped up

27:00.500 --> 27:02.466 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
and actually slowly
down our activities

27:02.466 --> 27:04.566 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
but ramped up our
mitigation strategies.

27:04.566 --> 27:05.900 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
And now we're getting to a point

27:05.900 --> 27:08.066 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
where we just released
a memo on Friday,

27:08.066 --> 27:09.933 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
where we're gonna be
going back to level one,

27:09.933 --> 27:11.766 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
which is still very mitigated

27:11.766 --> 27:14.266 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
but it's allowing even more
research to begin to go back

27:14.266 --> 27:17.700 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
to that data acquisition
phase, beginning May 18th.

27:17.700 --> 27:20.733 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
So I think a very careful
and disciplined approach,

27:20.733 --> 27:23.500 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
and we've been
corresponding with academics

27:23.500 --> 27:25.333 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
and Mary's part of that.

27:25.333 --> 27:27.566 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
We've been working with
our department heads

27:27.566 --> 27:29.600 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
and our center and
institute directors,

27:29.600 --> 27:33.733 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
both on campus and off campus
to try to make sure that

27:33.733 --> 27:36.066 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
we were making the right
policy decisions in this.

27:36.066 --> 27:38.700 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
I think for the most part,

27:38.700 --> 27:42.633 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
we did a pretty good job of
balancing the governor's order

27:42.633 --> 27:43.866 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
and making sure we were safe

27:43.866 --> 27:45.833 align:start position:35% line:10% size:26.25%
but also still
allowing exemptions

27:45.833 --> 27:49.633 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
for those essential
research activities.

27:49.633 --> 27:53.200 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
- As a follow up, this question
did come in from Bozeman

27:53.200 --> 27:55.366 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
while you were answering
the first part.

27:55.366 --> 27:57.433 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
They're curious,
do you feel that

27:57.433 --> 27:59.833 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
with all the COVID-19 research

27:59.833 --> 28:03.500 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
that is going on
nationwide right now,

28:03.500 --> 28:07.466 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
that other grants
for other researchers

28:07.466 --> 28:09.433 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
will be impacted negatively

28:09.433 --> 28:12.700 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
because everything
focused on one area?

28:14.266 --> 28:17.466 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
- That's a really good
question, we don't know yet.

28:17.466 --> 28:21.700 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
The economic downturn
that's being caused by COVID

28:21.700 --> 28:25.400 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
is certainly gonna be felt for
some years to come, I think,

28:25.400 --> 28:28.633 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
and what that means for some
of our areas of research

28:28.633 --> 28:30.266 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
is unknown at this point.

28:30.266 --> 28:31.600 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
There are a lot of resources

28:31.600 --> 28:33.666 align:start position:35% line:10% size:26.25%
that are going
into COVID research

28:33.666 --> 28:35.000 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
but a lot of that is stimulus,

28:35.000 --> 28:36.466 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
a lot of that is
stimulus dollars.

28:36.466 --> 28:40.533 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
And we actually were having a
really great year anyway here,

28:40.533 --> 28:43.800 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
a lot of that was coming
out of our College of AG

28:43.800 --> 28:44.933 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
in other areas.

28:44.933 --> 28:47.233 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
We are still projecting

28:47.233 --> 28:50.066 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
a record year for
research expenditures

28:50.066 --> 28:53.100 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
even though we've had a
little bit of a slow down

28:53.100 --> 28:55.533 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
with our expenditures
in March and April.

28:55.533 --> 28:57.400 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
We're having a great
you're actually.

28:57.400 --> 28:59.733 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
Our faculty have been
submitting grants.

28:59.733 --> 29:01.766 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
I think we're on track to submit

29:01.766 --> 29:05.066 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
the most grants that we have
in at least recent history

29:05.066 --> 29:06.066 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
that I've seen.

29:06.066 --> 29:08.000 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
A lot of that is because
of some of the new calls

29:08.000 --> 29:09.400 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
that are coming out from COVID

29:09.400 --> 29:13.066 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
but the funding agencies,
the federal funding agencies,

29:13.066 --> 29:16.500 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
were strong for
fiscal year 20 and 19.

29:16.500 --> 29:19.433 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
So what happens in
fiscal years 21 and 22

29:19.433 --> 29:21.766 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
is really a crapshoot yet.

29:21.766 --> 29:24.133 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
We really have to wait
and see the outcomes of it

29:24.133 --> 29:26.333 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
and could there be a
little bit of a shift

29:26.333 --> 29:27.500 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
in some of the funding agencies?

29:27.500 --> 29:29.433 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
I believe there
could be a little bit

29:29.433 --> 29:31.133 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
and we have to monitor that,

29:31.133 --> 29:33.333 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
and help our faculty
navigate those waters

29:33.333 --> 29:36.100 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
because part of
it is diversifying

29:36.100 --> 29:38.266 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
our research portfolios as well.

29:38.266 --> 29:41.166 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
Engaging with industry,
engaging with foundations.

29:41.166 --> 29:42.133 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
There's a lot of foundations

29:42.133 --> 29:43.833 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
that are supporting research now

29:43.833 --> 29:46.366 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
and giving our faculty
the resources and tools

29:46.366 --> 29:48.833 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:24.38%
to be able to
pursue other avenues

29:48.833 --> 29:52.400 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
for their research beyond
just the federal agencies.

29:52.400 --> 29:55.133 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
- Okay thank you, I
agree with you entirely.

29:55.133 --> 29:58.133 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
We're getting a lot of
questions emailed, phoned in

29:58.133 --> 30:00.100 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
about horticultural problems.

30:00.100 --> 30:02.833 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
I'm gonna plug in for
next week's program,

30:02.833 --> 30:04.900 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
we're gonna have a
gardening special.

30:04.900 --> 30:07.600 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
So we don't have the people
to answer those tonight

30:07.600 --> 30:08.900 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
but stay tuned next week

30:08.900 --> 30:12.400 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and we'll talk a lot about
gardening here in the state.

30:12.400 --> 30:13.400 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
Before the program,

30:13.400 --> 30:15.766 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
we talked a little bit
about some insects.

30:15.766 --> 30:19.433 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
And there is a question
here that says,

30:19.433 --> 30:23.200 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
"What does Laurie know
about the Asian Giant Horner

30:23.200 --> 30:26.766 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
"that's been observed
in Washington State?"

30:28.133 --> 30:30.133 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
And another question like that,

30:30.133 --> 30:31.633 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
what are the big brown beetles

30:31.633 --> 30:34.233 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
they're seeing around the state?

30:34.233 --> 30:37.966 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
- Okay, the Asian Giant Hornet
I don't know too much about

30:37.966 --> 30:38.966 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
but I've just recently,

30:38.966 --> 30:43.066 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
just started reading
about it this weekend.

30:43.066 --> 30:46.066 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
It was detected in a couple
spots in northwest Washington

30:46.066 --> 30:49.133 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
in the fall 2019 and
in British Columbia.

30:49.133 --> 30:52.400 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:20.63%
And it will
decapitate honeybees,

30:52.400 --> 30:53.800 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
bring back the second segment

30:53.800 --> 30:56.600 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
of the bees called the
thorax and bring that back

30:56.600 --> 30:59.333 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
to the nest for them to feed on.

30:59.333 --> 31:00.733 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
It can reach up to two inches.

31:00.733 --> 31:04.066 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
So it's a pretty
little large hornet and

31:04.066 --> 31:05.733 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
I was just looking at
our Western Yellow Jacket

31:05.733 --> 31:08.033 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
those are the queens that
that get to be that size

31:08.033 --> 31:10.333 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
but then our Western
Yellow Jackets

31:10.333 --> 31:12.833 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
which are one of our
most aggressive wasps

31:12.833 --> 31:14.100 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
that we have here in the state.

31:14.100 --> 31:16.733 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
The queen's will reach about
three quarters of an inch

31:16.733 --> 31:17.666 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:20.63%
to an inch.

31:20.900 --> 31:23.533 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:48.75%
For multiple stings it can
can release a lot of venom,

31:23.533 --> 31:25.333 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
it's a very painful wasp

31:25.333 --> 31:30.366 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
that could actually produce
fatalities but could be.

31:30.433 --> 31:32.466 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
They're really monitoring
for it in Washington State

31:32.466 --> 31:33.300 align:start position:40.62% line:10% size:18.75%
and hoping

31:35.200 --> 31:38.566 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
that it won't spread but
that's about all I know.

31:38.566 --> 31:40.300 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
And for the brown beetles

31:40.300 --> 31:43.266 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
and I don't think they're
gonna show up very well

31:43.266 --> 31:46.533 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
but it's good, pretty
good for TV here.

31:49.500 --> 31:52.433 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
Those are May June
Beetles are out right now

31:52.433 --> 31:56.200 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:52.5%
and they actually spend most
of their time in the turf grass

31:56.200 --> 31:59.233 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
but they will fly to
lights this time of year.

31:59.233 --> 32:02.133 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
And that's why they're
called May June Beetles

32:02.133 --> 32:04.500 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
and most of the time
you just see one or two,

32:04.500 --> 32:06.200 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
it's not that big of a deal

32:06.200 --> 32:07.800 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
but if you start to
see a bunch of them,

32:07.800 --> 32:10.566 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
you might wanna try to test
your turf grass a little bit

32:10.566 --> 32:12.266 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
and go down and
just do a tug test

32:12.266 --> 32:15.933 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
to see if they're causing
some dead areas in your grass.

32:15.933 --> 32:19.066 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:52.5%
They should be closer to the
surface of the soil right now

32:19.066 --> 32:21.733 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
but they can go down
as far as eight inches.

32:21.733 --> 32:24.433 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:52.5%
So just maybe, we have a lot
of problems with our turf grass

32:24.433 --> 32:25.700 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
so it could be multiple issues

32:25.700 --> 32:28.233 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
but if you see
multiple take a peek

32:28.233 --> 32:31.066 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
and see if we've got some
problems with the turf.

32:31.066 --> 32:34.266 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
- There's been plenty
of vole damage in turf.

32:34.266 --> 32:35.100 align:start position:42.5% line:10% size:13.13%
- Yeah.

32:38.200 --> 32:42.433 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
- Mary, this question came
in last week from Malta.

32:43.433 --> 32:47.733 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
They have a lentil seed
that had been tested at MSU

32:47.733 --> 32:51.266 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
and it showed that the
seed has anthracnose.

32:51.266 --> 32:53.333 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
What can they do,
plant it or not?

32:53.333 --> 32:57.466 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
And you might tell growers
what anthracnose is.

32:57.466 --> 33:00.366 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
- So anthracnose is a fungus

33:00.366 --> 33:05.066 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
that probably looks a lot like
ascochyta blight on lentil

33:05.066 --> 33:08.033 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
if you don't know exactly
what you're looking for

33:08.033 --> 33:12.800 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
but it's much more aggressive
on lentil than ascochyta is

33:14.866 --> 33:18.933 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
and it can infect
many different plants.

33:18.933 --> 33:22.966 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
If you do have some on
your seed that is a risk.

33:22.966 --> 33:25.733 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
It really depends on how
much you have on your seed,

33:25.733 --> 33:28.766 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
if it's 80% I probably
have other issues

33:28.766 --> 33:30.400 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
with your seed anyway.

33:30.400 --> 33:32.200 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
If it's 5% or so,

33:33.200 --> 33:35.666 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
I would just use
a seed treatment,

33:35.666 --> 33:38.466 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
fungicide that has activity
against anthracnose

33:38.466 --> 33:42.500 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
and you can find activity
versus chemistry table

33:44.433 --> 33:49.100 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
on my website, the extension
plant prep website.

33:49.100 --> 33:51.000 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
Use a seed treatment
with advocacy

33:51.000 --> 33:55.533 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and make sure your seed is
healthy and has good germ.

33:55.533 --> 33:57.000 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
And then watch during the season

33:57.000 --> 33:59.066 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
you may have to
apply a fungicide.

33:59.066 --> 34:02.200 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
This one comes in kinda late.

34:02.200 --> 34:03.800 align:start position:42.5% line:10% size:13.13%
- Mary,

34:03.800 --> 34:08.800 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
you've got a lot to do with
the Pulse Seed Diagnostics Lab.

34:09.066 --> 34:10.166 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
Any idea on what's happening

34:10.166 --> 34:12.933 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
for demand for lentil
seed this year?

34:12.933 --> 34:16.500 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
Is it hard to find good seed
if somebody's got disease seed

34:16.500 --> 34:19.766 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
or do you have any
idea about that?

34:19.766 --> 34:21.933 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
- I don't know about demand.

34:21.933 --> 34:23.733 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
We have gotten a lot
of lentil samples,

34:23.733 --> 34:27.266 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
there's gonna be a lot more
lentils going in this year.

34:27.266 --> 34:28.800 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
Most of the seed
coming through the lab

34:28.800 --> 34:30.733 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
has been pretty clean.

34:30.733 --> 34:35.733 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
We had enough drop out last
year that it cleaned up a lot of

34:35.866 --> 34:37.200 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
the seed stocks.

34:40.266 --> 34:42.933 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
- Paper says that we'll
probably see an increase

34:42.933 --> 34:46.233 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:24.38%
in pulse crop
production in the state

34:46.233 --> 34:49.433 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
because of the high protein
and possible shortage of meat.

34:49.433 --> 34:52.066 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
We'll see if that holds true.

34:52.066 --> 34:53.666 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
The phones are not
working again, folks.

34:53.666 --> 34:54.500 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
We had some problems

34:54.500 --> 34:57.833 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
with phones coming
in kinda cutting out.

34:57.833 --> 34:59.900 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
If you have questions
get on the phone now

34:59.900 --> 35:02.900 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
and you'll see a phone
number on the screen.

35:02.900 --> 35:07.900 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
Give us your questions and we'll
do our best to answer them.

35:07.933 --> 35:09.333 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
Interesting question, Jason.

35:09.333 --> 35:11.233 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
This came from Azure.

35:11.233 --> 35:12.733 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
What is your opinion

35:12.733 --> 35:16.800 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
of patenting research
supported by public dollars

35:16.800 --> 35:18.966 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
in Montana's universities?

35:23.433 --> 35:26.633 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
- I think investments
in research by the state

35:26.633 --> 35:28.166 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
are really important.

35:28.166 --> 35:30.066 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
If you look at other states

35:30.066 --> 35:33.800 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
that have strong public
research universities

35:35.400 --> 35:38.233 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
there is an investment
in the state

35:38.233 --> 35:41.033 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
and we have that here in
Montana in various forms.

35:41.033 --> 35:43.700 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
Whether it be through
some allocations

35:43.700 --> 35:45.800 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
of the general fund resources,

35:45.800 --> 35:49.200 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
all be it a very limited amount.

35:49.200 --> 35:52.566 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
Funding of our experimental
stations is a great example

35:52.566 --> 35:55.333 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
of how the state is
investing in research

35:55.333 --> 35:58.266 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
and then even previous
to when I arrived

35:58.266 --> 36:00.166 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
and I know prior
to COVID hitting,

36:00.166 --> 36:02.100 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
we were talking about
the M-Ready Program

36:02.100 --> 36:05.733 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
which was the economic
development research initiative

36:05.733 --> 36:07.566 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
that they had in 2016.

36:09.100 --> 36:12.500 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
Public investment in
research pays itself back

36:12.500 --> 36:13.933 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
many, many fold.

36:13.933 --> 36:15.800 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
You look at what it can do

36:15.800 --> 36:18.566 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
as far as bolstering
infrastructure within the state,

36:18.566 --> 36:21.733 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
bringing in high quality
individuals that can then

36:21.733 --> 36:24.800 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
become contributors
to the public,

36:24.800 --> 36:27.633 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
answer questions that are
relevant to the public

36:27.633 --> 36:31.766 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
and also create a great
tax base for a state.

36:31.766 --> 36:35.000 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
I've always said
this about research.

36:35.000 --> 36:38.066 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
The federal government
as tough as it is,

36:38.066 --> 36:41.733 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
it's never gonna stop spending
in research and if anything,

36:41.733 --> 36:43.566 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
on the backside of COVID

36:43.566 --> 36:45.200 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
there's a lot of health
sciences research

36:45.200 --> 36:46.833 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
that's gonna continue.

36:46.833 --> 36:48.533 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
States that decide to invest,

36:48.533 --> 36:50.533 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
they're gonna create
infrastructure

36:50.533 --> 36:53.733 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
and those are gonna be
the states that will have

36:53.733 --> 36:55.900 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
those influx of resources.

36:55.900 --> 36:59.066 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
So why shouldn't we have
the best individuals here,

36:59.066 --> 37:01.633 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
in Montana conducting
some of that research?

37:01.633 --> 37:05.766 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
Why does it always have to
be in Tennessee or Virginia,

37:05.766 --> 37:08.366 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
or these other places, Texas?

37:08.366 --> 37:09.966 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
We can have that here in Montana

37:09.966 --> 37:11.533 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
and we have that

37:11.533 --> 37:14.300 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
both at Montana State and
the University of Montana

37:14.300 --> 37:15.366 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
to a certain extent.

37:15.366 --> 37:17.133 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
And so I think it's a big part

37:17.133 --> 37:20.466 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
of the economic development
ecosystem for a state

37:20.466 --> 37:25.166 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
to have really strong
research public institutions.

37:25.166 --> 37:27.000 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
- Okay thanks, Jason.

37:27.000 --> 37:27.833 align:start position:44.38% line:10% size:11.25%
Perry,

37:29.100 --> 37:31.533 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
this game from Chester again.

37:34.600 --> 37:37.466 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
Their question is, do you
believe that Montana is right

37:37.466 --> 37:40.133 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
for a canola explosion in acres?

37:44.933 --> 37:48.333 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
- Well, so canola is a crop
we haven't grown very much of

37:48.333 --> 37:50.466 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
and we talked about
climate issues earlier,

37:50.466 --> 37:53.433 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
and one of the reasons we
haven't grown much canola is

37:53.433 --> 37:56.466 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
it doesn't tolerate heat
very well, in the summer.

37:56.466 --> 37:59.300 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
So it's something that you've
gotta get growing early,

37:59.300 --> 38:02.166 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
try and avoid some of that heat.

38:02.166 --> 38:04.800 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
There are breeding or genetic
companies actually active

38:04.800 --> 38:06.566 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
in Montana right
now that claim that

38:06.566 --> 38:09.433 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
they've got better heat
tolerance varieties

38:09.433 --> 38:12.300 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
or more varieties that
are more heat tolerant

38:12.300 --> 38:13.133 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
than in the past.

38:13.133 --> 38:16.633 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
There has been a game changer
in the canola genetics world

38:16.633 --> 38:20.900 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and that's the development
of shatterproof pods.

38:20.900 --> 38:24.033 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
It used to be if you had a
field that was ripening unevenly

38:24.033 --> 38:26.633 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
and canola was very
prone to shattering,

38:26.633 --> 38:29.200 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
that could be a real challenge
for the grower to deal with.

38:29.200 --> 38:32.866 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
And if you have green
canola in your crop,

38:32.866 --> 38:33.833 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
green canola seed,

38:33.833 --> 38:36.933 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
it's a serious dockage factor

38:36.933 --> 38:38.533 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
but now with these
shatterproof pods,

38:38.533 --> 38:39.400 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
I'll tell you what?

38:39.400 --> 38:42.200 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
My limited experience
at our plots is,

38:42.200 --> 38:44.566 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
boy, I just can't believe
how well they're working.

38:44.566 --> 38:48.000 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
So that allows the crop to
stand a little bit longer

38:48.000 --> 38:50.933 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
and for it to eat, all evens
out and all come matures.

38:50.933 --> 38:53.033 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
So that's a real plus.

38:53.033 --> 38:56.666 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
It may eliminate that swathing
costs so that's a positive.

38:56.666 --> 39:00.433 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
There's been some work
going on with winter canola

39:00.433 --> 39:02.133 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
and so that's looking a
little more promising,

39:02.133 --> 39:03.533 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
and that's something
that you would plant

39:03.533 --> 39:04.900 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
kinda like winter wheat.

39:04.900 --> 39:08.133 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
And so really get a
jump on the season.

39:09.066 --> 39:13.033 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
Right now winter canola would
be growing pretty vigorously.

39:13.033 --> 39:16.400 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
Some years we've actually
had it flowering by May 1st.

39:16.400 --> 39:19.800 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
Now, wouldn't be the case
this year but typically,

39:19.800 --> 39:22.133 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
it can certainly be
flowering by June 1st

39:22.133 --> 39:24.666 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
and beat a lot of the heat.

39:24.666 --> 39:26.633 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
So there is a lot of
interest in canola right now,

39:26.633 --> 39:30.233 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
we haven't had, Montana's been
looked at as a potential area

39:30.233 --> 39:33.066 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
to diversify into that crop

39:33.066 --> 39:34.600 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
and there's some things
changing genetically

39:34.600 --> 39:35.900 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
that might make
that more realistic

39:35.900 --> 39:38.500 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
than it used to be in the past.

39:39.833 --> 39:42.400 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
- I like canola but I don't
like seeds that are shatterproof

39:42.400 --> 39:44.166 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
because I like to hunt doves

39:44.166 --> 39:47.800 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
and doves really,
really love canola.

39:47.800 --> 39:49.966 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
So good news and bad news.

39:49.966 --> 39:53.133 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
Good for a farmer,
bad for us hunters.

39:54.233 --> 39:56.600 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
Laurie, when do they
spray for coddling moth?

39:56.600 --> 39:59.933 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
You might just say what
probably coddling moth is.

39:59.933 --> 40:01.866 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
- Coddling moth is they
kinda call that the worm

40:01.866 --> 40:03.700 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
that's in your apple,
so it hits pear,

40:03.700 --> 40:08.466 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
it hit some other things too
but mainly apples and pears.

40:10.833 --> 40:13.233 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
Kind of tunneling in and and
kind of ruining the inside

40:13.233 --> 40:14.400 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
of the fruits.

40:15.966 --> 40:18.166 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
Commercially we get
them in the backyard

40:18.166 --> 40:20.566 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
and they're a little bit
difficult to spray for,

40:20.566 --> 40:23.066 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
to time it right but basically

40:24.166 --> 40:28.300 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
and it differs around state
so when we're in bloom

40:28.300 --> 40:31.100 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
that's when we start to
see the adults come out,

40:31.100 --> 40:32.900 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
the males come out, they mate,

40:32.900 --> 40:34.433 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
and then they lay
eggs on the leaves.

40:34.433 --> 40:37.600 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
The larvae feed on the
leaves for a little bit

40:37.600 --> 40:39.766 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
but the whole, and
I can help anybody

40:39.766 --> 40:42.200 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
if they need to time
spraying depending on

40:42.200 --> 40:44.333 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
how many apple trees they have,

40:44.333 --> 40:47.100 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
but never ever want
to spray during bloom.

40:47.100 --> 40:50.666 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
So we use a calculation
called degree days,

40:50.666 --> 40:52.433 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
which is based on temperature

40:52.433 --> 40:54.500 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
and the development of the,

40:54.500 --> 40:57.500 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
50 degree development
temperature of the insect.

40:57.500 --> 41:00.900 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:45%
It's a little tricky but
if you only have one tree

41:00.900 --> 41:03.666 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
then practice sanitation,
pick up those apples,

41:03.666 --> 41:05.200 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
try to thin your fruit out

41:05.200 --> 41:07.800 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
but just just remember there's
several products available

41:07.800 --> 41:10.533 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
and don't spray during bloom.

41:10.533 --> 41:12.033 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
- And any of your local nursery

41:12.033 --> 41:16.066 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
would have the proper
insecticides, I assume.

41:16.066 --> 41:17.500 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:22.5%
- Yeah, yep.

41:17.500 --> 41:19.300 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
- Okay, Jason, (chuckles)

41:19.300 --> 41:20.966 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
Facebook is amazing.

41:22.533 --> 41:25.000 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
Question came in
from Fort Collins

41:25.000 --> 41:28.533 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
and he is a student and
he would like to know,

41:28.533 --> 41:29.633 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
I don't know if it's he.

41:29.633 --> 41:33.666 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
They would like to know, if
MSU's graduate student stipends

41:33.666 --> 41:38.166 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:48.75%
in AG are competitive with
other Western universities.

41:42.300 --> 41:45.266 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
- We're working on our stipends
for our graduate students.

41:45.266 --> 41:50.266 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
I just wanna thank our graduate
students for what they do

41:50.700 --> 41:55.200 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
to this university and we
talk a lot at MSU about

41:55.200 --> 41:57.700 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
our excellence in our
undergraduate education

41:57.700 --> 42:00.600 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
but we've got some really
phenomenal graduate students.

42:00.600 --> 42:03.200 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
And what I can tell you is that

42:03.200 --> 42:07.966 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
we have varying levels
across our different colleges

42:07.966 --> 42:10.200 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
and it goes across our
different programs.

42:10.200 --> 42:12.433 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
There's not a single rate

42:12.433 --> 42:14.800 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
and so we have a
basal rate, of course,

42:14.800 --> 42:17.600 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
that we have for a lot of our
graduate teaching assistants

42:17.600 --> 42:18.733 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:22.5%
and so forth

42:18.733 --> 42:20.666 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
but then we have other rates

42:20.666 --> 42:23.000 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
that are funded through
the grant programs,

42:23.000 --> 42:26.066 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
the external grant programs and

42:26.066 --> 42:27.933 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
when an individual
or a graduate student

42:27.933 --> 42:30.066 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
is externally funded by a grant,

42:30.066 --> 42:32.133 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
it can actually be
very well funded,

42:32.133 --> 42:34.333 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
very well funded
graduate students.

42:34.333 --> 42:37.733 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
It's hard to answer
that question because

42:41.033 --> 42:44.266 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:48.75%
there's can be such a wide
spread of graduate stipends

42:44.266 --> 42:47.233 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
but it's something that
we're keenly aware of,

42:47.233 --> 42:50.333 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
that it's really important
and very, very tough

42:50.333 --> 42:52.333 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
for graduate students to

42:53.900 --> 42:56.666 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
live in areas like
Bozeman and other places,

42:56.666 --> 42:57.933 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
and still do their education.

42:57.933 --> 43:00.466 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
So I think our faculty
are strongly committed.

43:00.466 --> 43:02.133 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
I know our office is
strongly committed

43:02.133 --> 43:03.400 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
and that's it actually Jack,

43:03.400 --> 43:08.433 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
one of the reasons why President
Crisado actually added.

43:08.800 --> 43:10.166 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
My predecessor was

43:10.166 --> 43:12.566 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
the Vice President for Research
and Economic Development

43:12.566 --> 43:14.300 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
and my title is Vice President

43:14.300 --> 43:17.166 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
for Research, Economic
Development and

43:17.166 --> 43:18.933 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
And one of the reasons for that

43:18.933 --> 43:21.066 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
was because the executive team

43:21.066 --> 43:24.033 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
and the administration decided
that we needed to do more

43:24.033 --> 43:25.300 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
for our graduate students.

43:25.300 --> 43:28.633 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
That we needed to put
them at a higher priority,

43:28.633 --> 43:29.466 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
work with them

43:29.466 --> 43:31.766 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:48.75%
and research really is the
way that we should be funding

43:31.766 --> 43:32.666 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
our graduate students.

43:32.666 --> 43:36.166 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
So we're doing some pretty
great initiatives here

43:36.166 --> 43:38.400 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
to try to bolster up some
of the graduate stipends

43:38.400 --> 43:40.600 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
and graduate opportunities here.

43:40.600 --> 43:42.800 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
And I'm pretty excited
about where we're gonna be,

43:42.800 --> 43:43.900 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
it's gonna take a
little bit of time

43:43.900 --> 43:46.666 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
but we're very
committed to that cause.

43:46.666 --> 43:47.833 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
- Okay, thank you.

43:47.833 --> 43:52.033 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
In my limited experience from
graduate students years ago,

43:52.033 --> 43:55.633 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
stipends are important but
who you're working with

43:55.633 --> 43:58.966 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
and what you're
really interested in,

43:58.966 --> 44:02.100 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
If somebody really wants to
work on cropping systems,

44:02.100 --> 44:04.333 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
Perry would be as good as
anybody in the country.

44:04.333 --> 44:05.700 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
So it's that kinda thing

44:05.700 --> 44:09.500 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:52.5%
that graduate student should
also take into consideration.

44:09.500 --> 44:10.600 align:start position:44.38% line:10% size:9.38%
Mary,

44:10.600 --> 44:13.466 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
from Hailsham, this person
would think they had late blight

44:13.466 --> 44:15.133 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
in their tomatoes.

44:15.133 --> 44:19.033 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
Last summer the tomatoes
wilted and died quite rapidly,

44:19.033 --> 44:21.966 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
any clue what that
might have been?

44:22.900 --> 44:27.233 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
- I doubt it was late blight
just because we didn't.

44:28.600 --> 44:31.300 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:48.75%
Well, there's a little bit
in Idaho, I think on potato

44:31.300 --> 44:32.633 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
but they should
get that diagnose.

44:32.633 --> 44:33.833 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
A lot of people think
it's late blight

44:33.833 --> 44:35.600 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
and it's actually early blight.

44:35.600 --> 44:38.633 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
Another really common
disease of tomato

44:38.633 --> 44:42.900 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
that can take them down
rapidly is fusarium wilt

44:42.900 --> 44:45.466 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
and they could have
submitted a sample last year,

44:45.466 --> 44:48.900 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and in with those vascular
wilts you really wanna

44:48.900 --> 44:51.633 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
use clean cropping material.

44:51.633 --> 44:54.100 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
There are resistant
varieties that you can choose

44:54.100 --> 44:57.466 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
and you wanna rotate
out of that area

44:57.466 --> 45:00.466 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
for instance all the salinatious
crops out of that area

45:00.466 --> 45:02.233 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
for an extended period of time.

45:02.233 --> 45:04.866 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
So if they do plant some
tomatoes in that same soil

45:04.866 --> 45:06.733 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and get the same symptoms.

45:06.733 --> 45:10.666 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
Send us a sample, we love
seeing little spores,

45:11.566 --> 45:12.566 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
they're really cute.

45:12.566 --> 45:15.633 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
So we're happy to
help with that.

45:15.633 --> 45:17.833 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
- Mary knowing the Hailsham,

45:17.833 --> 45:20.366 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
years ago we had a lot
of curly top there,

45:20.366 --> 45:22.600 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
killed tomatoes out
there quite rapidly.

45:22.600 --> 45:25.733 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:48.75%
You think it's possible at
curly top virus might have been

45:25.733 --> 45:27.466 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
part of that problem?

45:29.100 --> 45:30.533 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
- It surely could.

45:30.533 --> 45:31.933 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
I don't know if there
is a bunch of curly top

45:31.933 --> 45:33.033 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
in Wyoming last year.

45:33.033 --> 45:35.133 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
So it could come through.

45:36.166 --> 45:37.666 align:start position:36.88% line:10% size:26.25%
- Okay, Jason.

45:37.666 --> 45:41.266 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
- That one's a leaf
hopper transmitted virus

45:41.266 --> 45:43.466 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
and would come in
from another area.

45:43.466 --> 45:45.366 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
So then there would
be no risk this year,

45:45.366 --> 45:47.233 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
unless the leaf hoppers
decided to come again

45:47.233 --> 45:48.866 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
with the virus.

45:48.866 --> 45:50.800 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
- Okay, thanks Mary.

45:50.800 --> 45:54.266 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
Jason, this person
would like to know

45:54.266 --> 45:58.166 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
your concept of basic
versus Applied Research

45:58.166 --> 45:59.800 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
and do you see a role for each

45:59.800 --> 46:02.666 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
in the College of Agriculture?

46:02.666 --> 46:06.200 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
- Great question and I'll
answer the later part first.

46:06.200 --> 46:09.700 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
Absolutely, I think I do see a
role within the College of AG

46:09.700 --> 46:12.466 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
for both basic and
Applied Research.

46:12.466 --> 46:15.200 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
So Applied Research
is gonna be a research

46:15.200 --> 46:17.533 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
that has direct applications

46:19.133 --> 46:21.266 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
to whether it be everyday life,

46:21.266 --> 46:23.300 align:start position:35% line:10% size:26.25%
the ecosystem,
whatever it might be.

46:23.300 --> 46:25.966 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
Basic research is
something fundamental.

46:25.966 --> 46:27.766 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
It's really studying something

46:27.766 --> 46:29.933 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
for the sake of
understanding it.

46:29.933 --> 46:32.033 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
A lot of the basic science

46:32.033 --> 46:35.933 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
and basic research does
translate at some point

46:35.933 --> 46:38.700 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
to Applied Research
levels, at some point.

46:38.700 --> 46:41.533 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
But it can take years, it
can take many, many years

46:41.533 --> 46:45.833 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
and I think we've had several
examples over several decades

46:45.833 --> 46:47.200 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
that have shown the importance

46:47.200 --> 46:49.566 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
and the value of basic research.

46:49.566 --> 46:52.166 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
I think there's a really strong

46:54.300 --> 46:56.533 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
bias within some sectors

46:56.533 --> 47:00.666 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
of the federal funding
agencies for Applied Research

47:00.666 --> 47:04.600 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
and others that are more
appreciative of the basic side

47:04.600 --> 47:07.300 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
but even the Department
of Defense, for example,

47:07.300 --> 47:10.933 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
which is the largest
funder of Applied Research

47:10.933 --> 47:14.366 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
still has these categories
called 61, 62, 63

47:14.366 --> 47:17.866 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
and the 61 category is
for that basic research.

47:17.866 --> 47:21.866 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
So even the federal agency
that values Applied Research

47:21.866 --> 47:25.566 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
more than any other still
values that basic research

47:25.566 --> 47:29.066 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and so in AG it absolutely
has to be there.

47:29.066 --> 47:32.533 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
I think a lot of efforts right
now are on the applied side

47:32.533 --> 47:35.200 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
but without that basic
we can't forecast

47:35.200 --> 47:38.566 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
where we're gonna
need to be five, 10,

47:38.566 --> 47:40.600 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
20 years down the road.

47:40.600 --> 47:42.833 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
- I think there's a pretty
good balance of both

47:42.833 --> 47:43.666 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
in the College of AG,

47:43.666 --> 47:46.000 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
I believe here at
Montana State University.

47:46.000 --> 47:47.366 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
- That's my impression as well.

47:47.366 --> 47:51.300 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
That's my impression as well
from what I what I've seen and

47:51.300 --> 47:53.833 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
in particular, again,
back to some of the work

47:53.833 --> 47:56.833 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
that's happening on
the COVID-19 side.

47:56.833 --> 47:59.533 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:52.5%
Some of our researchers that
have been doing basic research,

47:59.533 --> 48:02.300 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
looking at gene editing
and CRISPR technologies,

48:02.300 --> 48:05.466 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
and other types of
things are now being able

48:05.466 --> 48:08.366 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
to very rapidly turn their
research into something

48:08.366 --> 48:11.700 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
that is very important
and very applied.

48:12.566 --> 48:13.433 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:22.5%
- Thank you.

48:13.433 --> 48:16.200 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
Laurie from Darlene
in Dry Creek.

48:17.200 --> 48:20.733 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
They had a grasshopper
situation last year

48:20.733 --> 48:22.500 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
and they anticipate
one this year,

48:22.500 --> 48:25.400 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
do you know anything that
would stop grasshoppers

48:25.400 --> 48:27.166 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
in their situation

48:27.166 --> 48:31.600 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
or do you foresee another
bad grasshopper year?

48:31.600 --> 48:33.800 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
- Grasshoppers get
tricky depending on

48:33.800 --> 48:38.200 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:52.5%
if it's a backyard situation
or if it's a range land area.

48:38.200 --> 48:40.100 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
So I think a lot of the.

48:40.100 --> 48:43.600 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
We had no low bait and
a couple other baits

48:43.600 --> 48:48.333 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
that we could order to kind
of deter the grasshoppers but

48:50.866 --> 48:54.100 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
one of them I think there's
a fire in Durango, Colorado,

48:54.100 --> 48:55.300 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
so that wasn't available

48:55.300 --> 48:59.433 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
and I think the baits are
hard to get right now.

48:59.433 --> 49:00.800 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
They can certainly contact me

49:00.800 --> 49:04.000 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
and we'll figure out what
kind of situation they have

49:04.000 --> 49:05.066 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
because they'll come in

49:05.066 --> 49:07.366 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and they'll eat everything
in the backyard.

49:07.366 --> 49:10.666 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:52.5%
Depending on what they have,
what they're concerned about.

49:10.666 --> 49:12.966 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
It's tricky because
over winter in areas,

49:12.966 --> 49:14.966 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
in ditches and things that
we don't really know exactly

49:14.966 --> 49:17.833 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
where they're over wintering.

49:17.833 --> 49:20.433 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
They definitely
follow drier years and

49:20.433 --> 49:23.866 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
it could be a bad
year just depends.

49:23.866 --> 49:26.100 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
- Okay, thank you.

49:26.100 --> 49:28.766 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
Perry, from Fort Benton.

49:28.766 --> 49:30.466 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
This person would like to know

49:30.466 --> 49:35.300 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
has the hemp acres increase
significantly in the state

49:35.300 --> 49:38.533 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
and what type of research
is being done on hemp?

49:38.533 --> 49:41.933 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
And also for the audience,
what do you use it for?

49:41.933 --> 49:46.600 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
- So hemp is this is a very
versatile and very old crop.

49:47.466 --> 49:52.133 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
The seed can be just
consumed for human nutrition,

49:52.133 --> 49:53.800 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
it can be pressed for oil,

49:53.800 --> 49:57.800 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
there's actually some
medicinal properties associated

49:57.800 --> 50:00.433 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
with some of the oil extracts

50:00.433 --> 50:02.133 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
that come out of hemp seed.

50:02.133 --> 50:06.433 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
It's been used in fiber
production for a long time.

50:06.433 --> 50:08.833 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
It's a pretty versatile crop.

50:10.333 --> 50:12.433 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
We were actually, the
last two years in a row,

50:12.433 --> 50:14.566 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
we've had the most
acres of hemp production

50:14.566 --> 50:17.700 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
anywhere in the United
States in Montana.

50:17.700 --> 50:19.666 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
That doesn't necessarily
mean the most production

50:19.666 --> 50:22.166 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
but we have been a
pretty active player

50:22.166 --> 50:23.633 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
and I really wanna
do a shout out

50:23.633 --> 50:25.466 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
for the Montana
Department of Agriculture.

50:25.466 --> 50:28.366 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
They have shown some real
positive genuine leadership

50:28.366 --> 50:31.566 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
on trying to get this new
crop situated properly

50:31.566 --> 50:33.300 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
for Montana farmers.

50:33.300 --> 50:36.766 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
Right now I think we've
got, the collective we,

50:36.766 --> 50:39.400 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
I think there's something
like 12 processors

50:39.400 --> 50:42.333 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
that are either in operation or

50:42.333 --> 50:44.633 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
in construction phase
to be processing hemp

50:44.633 --> 50:46.066 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
in different capacities.

50:46.066 --> 50:50.566 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
Most of that is CBD oil
extraction and that market is,

50:52.633 --> 50:54.300 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
I wouldn't know how to
characterize it other

50:54.300 --> 50:55.900 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
than it's pretty.

50:55.900 --> 50:58.300 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
There's a lot of sorting
out going on right now

50:58.300 --> 51:00.433 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:33.75%
as the prices were
very high at one time

51:00.433 --> 51:04.166 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
and now those prices are
ratcheting back down as supply

51:04.166 --> 51:06.100 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
is getting figured out.

51:07.000 --> 51:08.800 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
Still there's a there's
a lot of interest

51:08.800 --> 51:11.266 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
and there's some really,
this is all secondhand,

51:11.266 --> 51:16.066 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
but I have some really serious
investment in processing

51:16.066 --> 51:19.700 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
and harvesting machinery
in the state of Montana.

51:19.700 --> 51:24.100 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
So somebody thinks that this
is gonna be useful crop.

51:27.333 --> 51:30.000 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
Hemp is classified as a narcotic

51:30.900 --> 51:33.633 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and so it's been something
that's been difficult

51:33.633 --> 51:35.233 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
to get funding for.

51:36.600 --> 51:40.366 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
We have done a little bit
of preliminary research

51:40.366 --> 51:42.233 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
with the proper
licensing and whatnot

51:42.233 --> 51:44.333 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
and so we're still and
I would say at MSU.

51:44.333 --> 51:46.100 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
We're in an exploratory phase.

51:46.100 --> 51:47.900 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
One of the real
problems right now is

51:47.900 --> 51:50.266 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
there's a maximum allowance
for the psychoactive component

51:50.266 --> 51:53.100 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
of cannabis sativa
and that's THC.

51:56.566 --> 51:59.600 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
When you're producing CBD oil
sometimes you can run close

51:59.600 --> 52:01.433 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
to that 0.3% limit

52:01.433 --> 52:04.866 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
and so we'd like to
know more about genetic

52:04.866 --> 52:07.366 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
and environmental
factors when we start

52:07.366 --> 52:09.266 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
to run into higher THC levels.

52:09.266 --> 52:12.000 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
That's probably one of
the most pressing issues.

52:12.000 --> 52:14.833 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
- How many acres (mumbles)?

52:14.833 --> 52:17.800 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
- Last year, sorry
did I get that.

52:17.800 --> 52:19.333 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
Was a question how many acres?

52:19.333 --> 52:20.433 align:start position:42.5% line:10% size:13.13%
- Yeah.

52:20.433 --> 52:22.233 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:22.5%
- Last year,

52:22.233 --> 52:24.300 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
seeded was around 52,000,

52:26.300 --> 52:28.366 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
harvested not nearly so many.

52:28.366 --> 52:30.433 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
Remember we had
that early winter

52:30.433 --> 52:33.966 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
and that early October snow
that caused a lot of trouble

52:33.966 --> 52:37.866 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
for hemp growers in Montana,
it was not good actually.

52:37.866 --> 52:41.366 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
This year, I sit on the
Hemp Advisory Committee

52:41.366 --> 52:42.766 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
for the state of Montana

52:42.766 --> 52:44.600 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
and it sounds like
acreage is down

52:44.600 --> 52:47.633 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
but nobody seems to know
exactly how much down

52:47.633 --> 52:49.666 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
from last year.

52:49.666 --> 52:50.966 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
- Jason, you had a comment?

52:50.966 --> 52:52.266 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
- Well, I was just
gonna follow up

52:52.266 --> 52:55.166 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
on something Perry
mentioned which was.

52:55.166 --> 52:58.066 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
This fall one of
our classes at MSU,

52:58.066 --> 53:00.633 align:start position:38.75% line:10% size:20.63%
it was a an
interdisciplinary class

53:00.633 --> 53:02.100 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
where they had a
business student

53:02.100 --> 53:05.766 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
and someone from
agriculture and other areas

53:06.833 --> 53:09.333 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
and even people from
arts and humanities,

53:09.333 --> 53:11.733 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
and there was a pitch
pitch program on hemp.

53:11.733 --> 53:12.566 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:35.63%
It was fascinating.

53:12.566 --> 53:14.566 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
I went to the event it was
an hour and a half event

53:14.566 --> 53:17.733 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
and everything from the
fibers that Perry mentioned,

53:17.733 --> 53:22.733 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
I think one of the most
novel ones that I heard was,

53:22.733 --> 53:24.700 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
when we weed whack
around our house

53:24.700 --> 53:27.733 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
with those plastic
things that spin off

53:27.733 --> 53:31.333 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
and we are injecting plastic
all into our our lawns

53:31.333 --> 53:33.133 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
and our home care.

53:33.133 --> 53:37.800 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
They had put together
a prototype of using

53:37.800 --> 53:39.833 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
to use that as a weed whacker.

53:39.833 --> 53:41.666 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
Now it needs to
definitely move on

53:41.666 --> 53:43.100 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:46.88%
to some validation stages

53:43.100 --> 53:46.300 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
but it was really
fascinating to see

53:46.300 --> 53:47.833 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
those students, those
undergraduate students,

53:47.833 --> 53:50.433 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
challenged how can we use hemp

53:50.433 --> 53:53.400 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:45%
and how can we use it to
its fullest potential?

53:53.400 --> 53:56.066 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:52.5%
And that was one of the ones
Perry mentioned was the fibers.

53:56.066 --> 53:58.800 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
It isn't always just about the
oil, and the oil extractions,

53:58.800 --> 54:01.266 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
and the THC that everybody
gets focused in on

54:01.266 --> 54:02.666 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
but there's a lot of potential

54:02.666 --> 54:05.033 align:start position:35% line:10% size:26.25%
with the fiber
structures as well.

54:05.033 --> 54:06.466 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
- Okay, I like it.

54:06.466 --> 54:08.033 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
I'm familiar with that program.

54:08.033 --> 54:13.033 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
We had a couple other people
on last year that (mumbles).

54:14.033 --> 54:16.133 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
Laurie we're getting low on time

54:16.133 --> 54:19.233 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
but a quick answer
would help here.

54:19.233 --> 54:22.900 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
Ponderosa Pine Spruce, all
kinds of evergreen trees

54:22.900 --> 54:24.533 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
have scales right now.

54:24.533 --> 54:27.933 align:start position:35% line:10% size:28.13%
Good time to to
control them or not?

54:27.933 --> 54:31.200 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
- It depends on which one it is.

54:31.200 --> 54:32.033 align:start position:40.62% line:10% size:18.75%
So usually

54:33.166 --> 54:36.433 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
we have some plant indicators
that when they're in bloom

54:36.433 --> 54:38.333 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
that could help us with control.

54:38.333 --> 54:41.266 align:start position:20% line:10% size:58.13%
So you can contact me if you've
got a question on scales,

54:41.266 --> 54:43.200 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
it just depends on
what scale it is

54:43.200 --> 54:45.766 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
because you wanna try
to control them during

54:45.766 --> 54:48.033 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
the active stage called
the crawler stage,

54:48.033 --> 54:50.300 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
and they're only out
at certain times.

54:50.300 --> 54:51.600 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
- Okay, thank you.

54:51.600 --> 54:53.700 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
Jason, 30 seconds.

54:53.700 --> 54:56.533 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
What do you think of
agriculture in Montana?

54:56.533 --> 55:00.866 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:52.5%
- Well, I think it's obvious
there's a huge history.

55:01.800 --> 55:05.300 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:31.88%
It's gonna be and
remain a huge aspect

55:05.300 --> 55:07.700 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
of the research at MSU.

55:07.700 --> 55:11.133 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:56.25%
I'm proud of what I see coming
out of our College of AG.

55:11.133 --> 55:13.866 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:39.38%
It's amazing that the
quality of the faculty

55:13.866 --> 55:15.933 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:30%
and the students
that we have out of

55:15.933 --> 55:18.533 align:start position:20% line:10% size:60%
the College of AG is remarkable.

55:18.533 --> 55:20.733 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:41.25%
- Thank you and thanks
for coming tonight Jason.

55:20.733 --> 55:22.433 align:start position:21.88% line:10% size:54.38%
As I said earlier, next week,

55:22.433 --> 55:24.933 align:start position:33.12% line:10% size:33.75%
we're gonna have a
gardening special.

55:24.933 --> 55:27.366 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
A lot of the questions that
we did not get to tonight

55:27.366 --> 55:30.433 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:41.25%
pertaining to gardens,
we'll cover next week.

55:30.433 --> 55:33.666 align:start position:29.38% line:10% size:37.5%
Everybody, thank you
for joining us tonight.

55:33.666 --> 55:36.100 align:start position:27.5% line:10% size:43.13%
The audience out there,
lots of questions.

55:36.100 --> 55:39.233 align:start position:23.75% line:10% size:50.63%
We appreciate that, without
you watching the program

55:39.233 --> 55:40.433 align:start position:31.25% line:10% size:37.5%
we wouldn't be here.

55:40.433 --> 55:45.433 align:start position:25.62% line:10% size:48.75%
So with that you folks see
everybody next week, good night.

55:45.933 --> 55:48.766 align:start position:35% line:84.67% size:30%
(soothing music)

56:11.266 --> 56:15.066 align:start position:27.5% line:79.33% size:43.13%
- [Narrator] Montana AG
Live is made possible by

56:15.066 --> 56:18.066 align:start position:29.38% line:79.33% size:41.25%
the Montana Department
of Agriculture,

56:18.066 --> 56:20.233 align:start position:25.62% line:84.67% size:48.75%
the MSU Extension Service,

56:21.600 --> 56:23.966 align:start position:21.88% line:84.67% size:56.25%
the MSU AG Experiment Stations

56:23.966 --> 56:26.833 align:start position:21.88% line:84.67% size:56.25%
of the College of Agriculture,

56:26.833 --> 56:30.066 align:start position:33.12% line:79.33% size:31.88%
the Montana Wheat
and Barley Committee,

56:30.066 --> 56:33.133 align:start position:20% line:84.67% size:60%
the Montana Bankers Association,

56:33.133 --> 56:36.400 align:start position:20% line:84.67% size:60%
Cashman Nursery and Landscaping,

56:36.400 --> 56:39.266 align:start position:23.75% line:84.67% size:50.63%
the Gallatin Gardeners Club

56:39.266 --> 56:43.766 align:start position:27.5% line:79.33% size:43.13%
and the Rocky Mountains
Certified Crop Advisor Program.

56:43.766 --> 56:46.600 align:start position:35% line:10% size:30%
(soothing music)