WEBVTT

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Making it Grow is brought to you

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in part by the South Carolina
Department of Agriculture.

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Certified South Carolina grown
helps consumers identify

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find and buy South
Carolina products.

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McLeod Farms in McBee
South Carolina.

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This family farm offers
seasonal produce,

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including over 22
varieties of peaches.

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Additional funding
provided by International

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Paper and the South
Carolina Farm Bureau

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Federation and Farm
Bureau Insurance.

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♪

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Well, hello and welcome to
Making it Grow.

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We're so glad you could join us
on this Tuesday night.

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Things are different but
we are really working

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hard all the crew here
in Sumter to bring you

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shows and we so
appreciate our agents out

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in the field. Everyone's
you know we're nobody's

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back in the office but
everybody's being so

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kind in helping us and we
really appreciate that.

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I'm Amanda McNulty and
I've worked with

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Clemson Extension and get to
learn from all these

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super bright agents who
come and share their

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expertise with us.
And I'm gonna

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to start with Zack Snipes who's
down there at the Coastal Rec

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down in Charleston doing fruit
and vegetable work, particularly

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to try to help our
growers down there.

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I'm wondering if that's
somebody who

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is a specialist who's been
trained to sniff out

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certain diseases in tomatoes,
that your holding Zack.

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Yeah. Disease sniffing dog,
I think is going to be the new

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vegetable specialist. But
yeah, I'm out in the field two

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to three days a week with
growers and doing research.

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The other day, I
got my new, with this whole

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COVID thing, I got my new co-
worker here. So she keeps

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me entertained.
And what is her name?

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Lexi. Lexi. Well, Hey
Lexi. She looks mighty

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sweet. And she looks like
she's got - She is a good

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choice for now because
she doesn't look

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like she's the
kind of dog that

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needs a hair cut very
frequently. Oh no.

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Well, thanks Zack. Now
we're gonna go over the

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Beaufort where my friend
Laura Lee Rose is and

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Laura Lee has affinity for
flowers. She loves.

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And is an expert
on all sorts of native flowers.

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And then sometimes she just
gives them the things that

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are pure tea beautiful. So what
I got for us Laura Lee?

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Well, I've got my
blush rose here, which

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is not very fragrant but it
does have beautiful open

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centers and lots of pollen
for my bee friends.

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And then I've got a
variety of salvia here

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called purple majesty.
Which is very florific and

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also they're tubular flowers
that are good for your

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pollinator friends.
So that's a variety of

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salvia that's
relatively new and you would

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recommend that we try to
find one? Yeah I think it

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four years of indigo spires for
a long time and indigo spires

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while it's a beautiful plant
it doesn't have the spring

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purple color. (laughs)
That is pretty.

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And I've got some red
honeysuckle. I don't know

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if you can see that or not.
And that's our native

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honeysuckle, Laura Lee?
...honeysuckle. Probably

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Alabama Crimson. Although,
it was grown by one of our

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master gardeners who been a
great propagator of honeysuckle.

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Well, that's wonderful and
if you've got - (laughs)

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And I'm gonna
next time we finally get

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to see each other, I'll
get you to share that

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cultivar of honeysuckle
because some of them tend

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to get powdered mildew and I
have that problem with mine.

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I bet yours is being selective,
not to have so much trouble

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with that. I never have seen
that on here. That's wonderful.

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Okay. Well, Terasa Lott is
stationed in Darlington now.

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And she still has an
affinity for all things

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related to caring for
the water quality of our

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state as we all should. But,
now she's taken on the

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responsibility for being
the master gardener

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coordinator. And she also
is kind enough to help us out at

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Making It Grow. Terasa I hope
things are

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going well over there and
Darlington is just

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puttering along as usual.
Things are going well.

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Although, slow in terms of
hoping to re-open our

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doors to the public one day.

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But, still remind everyone
that all the services

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extension really are
still available just through the

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use of different methods or
using technology, so our

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phones will still ring.
We can receive emails.

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Sometimes we can use
technology like Skype or

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ZOOM to do a virtual visit to
someone's yard. So we are

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still here and still
working for you.

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Terasa are there ways to get
soil test results, still?

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There are definitely.
So, people can mail the

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samples directly to the
agricultural service lab.

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There are instructions on
the #*X

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service lab website.
I'll be sure to

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post those on our
Facebook page. So, really

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just everything that you could
normally do is still available

05:41.800 --> 05:44.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
now. Well good and one
thing that we love that you

05:44.866 --> 05:48.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
normally do for us is to
share some photographs

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that our viewers send in.
I think you said you

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have kinda a special treat for
today. We do. This is a little

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bit different spin on our
gardens of the week

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because it's just one
singular garden. And that is

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of Dennis Gordon, Dennis
is the step dad to

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Sean Flynn, our Producer/
Director for Making It

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Grow. So, let's take a look
at his Sean described it

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as his patio garden.
So we have a few photos

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submitted by his wife Cindy.
We have to give her

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credit for being the
photographer. And you'll

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see we have a few garden
beds he shares and

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some close up photographs
as well. So it appears

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that Dennis is quite the
gardener. I'm going to

06:32.533 --> 06:34.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
interrupt you for just a
minute and say

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that Sean's mother has about
the sweetest disposition of

06:37.966 --> 06:39.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
anybody I know. And
that's probably why

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he can put up with me. So
hats off to you

06:42.666 --> 06:45.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Cindy for raising such a
fine young man who

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occasionally rolls his
eyes, but it is

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very patient and tolerant
with me. I didn't mean to

06:51.033 --> 06:52.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
interrupt you, I just
think she

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should have a special shout out.
Definitely.

06:56.200 --> 06:59.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
It's always good to give
her a shout out. So it was

06:59.566 --> 07:02.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
really fun to see Dennis'
photographs. And I think

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it might have inspired me.
We've been talking

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about adding some extra
vegetable beds to our

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backyard area. So this
might just give me that

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push I need to get going.
Or perhaps I should

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say that my husband needs,
because I'm lucky he does

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most of the physical
labor for the ideas that

07:18.700 --> 07:20.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
I want to put into place.
I think you're very

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fortunate to be.
Alright well thank you

07:25.300 --> 07:27.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
so much for sharing this
with us Terasa

07:27.333 --> 07:30.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and thank you Dennis for
submitting in to us and

07:30.200 --> 07:33.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
doing all that wonderful
work around y'all's house.

07:33.966 --> 07:39.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Teresa, people can post
questions on Facebook and

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and often you ask
questions even during the

07:42.233 --> 07:44.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Tuesday nights, when the
show is streaming live on

07:44.566 --> 07:47.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Facebook. And you have
some is the one that

07:47.866 --> 07:52.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Laura Lee could start out
with helping us with tonight.

07:52.700 --> 07:57.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
There sure is. So,
composting is a way that

07:57.866 --> 08:00.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
we can turn our trash
into treasure is what I

08:01.000 --> 08:04.366 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
like to say. Things that we
might normally send to the

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landfill, we can
use them to our benefit and

08:07.566 --> 08:09.700 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
our gardens and
landscapes. So one of

08:09.800 --> 08:13.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
our viewers asked about
vermi compost. So a special

08:13.533 --> 08:18.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
type of composting where we put
worms into action. So Laura Lee

08:18.333 --> 08:22.866 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
can you give our viewer some
tips on what is it? How do we

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get started. Tips and things to
avoid. We have a co-worker

08:27.766 --> 08:30.033 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
in the Florence office who's
been vermi composting right

08:30.133 --> 08:36.466 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
in the office beside hers. Worm
composting is a very interesting

08:36.566 --> 08:39.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
hobby. And I know some people
might want to even

08:39.333 --> 08:43.933 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
take it further but you can
order the worm. You can order

08:44.033 --> 08:49.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
lots of supplies online.
There are many avenues

08:49.266 --> 08:52.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
for doing that. You
do know there are

08:52.600 --> 08:58.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
worms are red wigglers.
They are tropical worms.

08:58.300 --> 09:00.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
So they don't want to be too
hot. They don't

09:00.833 --> 09:05.466 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
want to be too cold. So, indoors
is really a good place

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to have em. I've got em,

09:09.133 --> 09:12.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
at my house, I've got em out on
the front porch.

09:12.666 --> 09:19.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
But, they're very well shaded by
a big tree. The main thing to

09:19.600 --> 09:25.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
avoid, you don't want use
meat or dairy or as some

09:26.033 --> 09:29.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
people would even say
not too much citrus for

09:29.533 --> 09:32.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
the worms and then

09:33.033 --> 09:35.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
one of the tips that I
heard a few weeks ago,

09:35.766 --> 09:39.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
was that you should
just feed them once a week.

09:39.600 --> 09:43.366 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
Lift up the leg
and the herd that's

09:43.466 --> 09:48.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
there hasn't been eaten up but
you don't want to be

09:48.400 --> 09:51.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
overfeeding em. Then
you can have trouble with our

09:51.833 --> 09:55.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
whole supply larva and
other things that you don't

09:55.966 --> 10:00.233 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
really want.
But the bedding is just as

10:00.333 --> 10:04.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
simple as maybe the
shredded paper from your office,

10:04.266 --> 10:06.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the newspaper as you can
clear out newspaper

10:06.733 --> 10:12.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
and that's about it.

10:12.166 --> 10:17.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
weird, worms and things.
Sometimes I have a bin.

10:17.900 --> 10:21.133 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
And Laura Lee, what do you
do with

10:21.233 --> 10:24.133 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
what you get?
That's right. So the compost

10:24.233 --> 10:28.000 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
that you - the
worms are top feeders.

10:28.100 --> 10:30.866 align:left position:0%,start line:93.33% size:100%
They are going to the top.

10:30.966 --> 10:36.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
So you can actually take some
of your bottom trays

10:36.400 --> 10:40.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
or you can separate worms
out by hand, and take the

10:40.400 --> 10:43.866 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
compost, you can make compost
tea of it

10:43.966 --> 10:46.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
by just putting it in a
bucket and watering your

10:47.033 --> 10:52.166 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
plants with that compost tea.
And you can use the compost

10:52.266 --> 10:56.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
as you would any compost
around your plants, house

10:56.133 --> 10:59.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
plants, vegetables what have
you. Right. Well, Laura Lee,

10:59.533 --> 11:01.633 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Thank you and that sounds like
something if your

11:01.733 --> 11:04.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
children would be a fun
thing to start doing this

11:04.600 --> 11:11.466 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
summer because - Right. It's
a great classroom activity

11:11.566 --> 11:14.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
for young children or
really anybody.

11:14.800 --> 11:17.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Thank you so much. Thanks
for telling us all about

11:17.566 --> 11:21.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
worms that was fun. Okay.
Alrighty.

11:21.533 --> 11:23.566 align:left position:37.5%,start line:86.67% size:62.5%
Terasa,
I think we've got a

11:23.666 --> 11:25.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
vegetable expert here.
You've got something Zack

11:26.033 --> 11:29.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
might be able to shed
some light on please?

11:29.100 --> 11:32.400 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Indeed, I do. You know this
person sounded very

11:32.500 --> 11:36.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
desperate. He said the
deer are eating my plants

11:36.600 --> 11:39.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
in the gardens faster
than the poor plants can

11:39.466 --> 11:43.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
grow. Help!, with an
exclamation point.

11:43.433 --> 11:47.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Deer can be a tremendous
problem, very healthy appetite.

11:47.500 --> 11:52.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Zack, what can be done?
Well, so what I would

11:52.766 --> 11:55.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
recommend is put up
some sort of fence.

11:55.100 --> 11:56.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Then you go to Laura
Lee's house

11:56.800 --> 11:58.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
and get you some worms. And then
you go

11:58.933 --> 12:03.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
fishing and not worry about it.
What we've done at

12:03.900 --> 12:06.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Clemson and what a lot of
small farms are doing

12:06.900 --> 12:09.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that I work on, is
that they have a small

12:09.900 --> 12:12.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
garden or area that's
blocked off

12:13.066 --> 12:16.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
for a garden area. You can
put up some fencing and

12:16.600 --> 12:19.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
like the hog kennel
type fencing that's

12:19.833 --> 12:22.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
eight or ten feet high.
You could put that

12:22.366 --> 12:25.066 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
up but it's very expensive
to put it up. So an

12:25.166 --> 12:28.366 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
alternate what we've done, and
it's worked really

12:28.466 --> 12:32.500 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
is poly-tape.
And you can buy it at

12:32.600 --> 12:35.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
your big box stores or
you know any farm and

12:35.500 --> 12:38.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
garden stores. And typically
it's an inch to an inch and a

12:38.900 --> 12:42.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
half plastic. Fence tape
is typically used on horse

12:42.733 --> 12:46.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
pastures but it's impregnated
with metal. And so if you put

12:46.666 --> 12:50.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
two of those fences up and
put one on the outside

12:50.666 --> 12:52.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and you want to put a
strand up about

12:53.033 --> 12:57.000 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
18 inches or two foot. And
then you offset the second fence

12:57.100 --> 12:59.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
and you want to put a strand
up about three foot

12:59.833 --> 13:01.866 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
and then another one up at
about ten or

13:01.966 --> 13:04.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
twelve feet tall. And then
you're going to hook that

13:04.533 --> 13:07.066 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
up to an electric solar charger.
You're gonna put

13:07.166 --> 13:10.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
electricity on the fence.
And what it does is it

13:10.733 --> 13:13.100 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
really messes with the deer's
depth perception. They could

13:13.200 --> 13:15.366 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
easily step over the fence
and then go under

13:15.466 --> 13:17.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the second one. But they
don't have really

13:17.600 --> 13:21.400 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
good depth perception because
they're herbivores and they

13:21.500 --> 13:25.200 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
aren't sure how tall and wide
the fence is and it flickers

13:25.300 --> 13:28.600 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
in the wind. So typically, they
won't go up to the fence

13:28.700 --> 13:31.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to try to jump over it.
If they do up to the fence

13:32.000 --> 13:34.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
then they're given a
little shock, which

13:34.533 --> 13:37.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
doesn't hurt them. It just
scares them and keeps them out.

13:37.600 --> 13:41.566 align:left position:0%,start line:93.33% size:100%
Anyone using this, I highly

13:41.666 --> 13:44.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
recommended that you put the
fence up before you start

13:44.933 --> 13:47.933 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
working the ground to plant your
garden. Once deer have

13:48.033 --> 13:50.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
established a feeding behavior,
once they know you have some

13:50.933 --> 13:52.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
you know succulent
strawberries or

13:52.566 --> 13:54.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
blueberries or whatever
in there. They're going to

13:54.566 --> 13:57.666 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
continue on that feeding pattern
no matter what you do.

13:57.766 --> 14:00.466 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
So, put it up before the deer
starts feeding.

14:00.566 --> 14:03.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Well, that's fascinating. I
have a kind of old

14:03.866 --> 14:07.366 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
fashioned electric fence where
we've got these

14:07.466 --> 14:11.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
poles that we stepped and put
in the ground and had two

14:11.333 --> 14:13.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
wires on. It's been a
little bit of trouble

14:13.733 --> 14:16.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to tell you the truth.
But it has been very

14:16.533 --> 14:19.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
effective, But this sounds
a lot easier to me to use.

14:19.900 --> 14:22.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And the solar panel
just sounds wonderful.

14:22.533 --> 14:26.333 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
I had to have somebody come
and run a long line out.

14:26.433 --> 14:28.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
So, this is really,
really fascinating. Thank

14:29.000 --> 14:31.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
you so much Zack for telling us
about that. Yes ma'am.

14:31.666 --> 14:35.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
There's a fact sheet on the HGIC
website on how to

14:35.400 --> 14:37.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
establish the fence and
the cost and all

14:37.633 --> 14:39.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that sort of thing. So,
that's a really good

14:40.033 --> 14:42.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
resource for anybody that
has a dedicated garden area.

14:42.766 --> 14:44.400 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
and wants to put
up a deer fence.

14:44.500 --> 14:46.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
So what's the name again
that we would

14:46.566 --> 14:50.100 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
search for to look for Clemson
HGIC. Yes, ma'am. You can

14:50.200 --> 14:52.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
just type in, once you get
to the website type in

14:52.900 --> 14:54.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
deer management or if you
wanted to get

14:55.000 --> 14:58.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
specific, you can type in two
tiered fencing system for deer

14:58.866 --> 15:03.333 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
management. Okay. Thank you
so much. The last

15:03.433 --> 15:05.333 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
time we can be
we have a very

15:05.433 --> 15:08.633 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
interesting conversation with
our entomologist and

15:08.733 --> 15:10.166 align:left position:25%,start line:93.33% size:75%
specialist Dr JC

15:10.266 --> 15:14.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Chong and he was talking
about the very complex

15:14.366 --> 15:18.133 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
topic of neonicotinoids and
the words in information

15:18.233 --> 15:20.666 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
he found out in his research.
And he's gonna continue

15:20.766 --> 15:23.966 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
sharing some information with us
now. So let's go over to the

15:24.066 --> 15:27.900 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
to the Florence Pee Dee Rec
and talk to Dr. JC Chong.

15:30.666 --> 15:33.366 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
I'm speaking today with David JC
Chong.

15:33.466 --> 15:37.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
JC is a professor and
extension specialist.

15:37.500 --> 15:42.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
His field is entomology
and his home base is the

15:42.233 --> 15:45.400 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Pee Dee Rec over in Florence.
JC thank you for

15:45.500 --> 15:48.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
talking with me today.
Well, great talking to you

15:48.100 --> 15:51.733 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
again Amanda.
And we spoke earlier

15:51.833 --> 15:55.633 align:left position:37.5%,start line:86.67% size:62.5%
about
a really hot topic. I know

15:55.733 --> 15:57.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
master gardeners and
people are just the

15:57.533 --> 16:00.633 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
public in general
got really excited about

16:00.733 --> 16:04.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the pesticides that come
under the label of

16:04.266 --> 16:08.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
neonicotinoids because of
an improper use of them

16:08.166 --> 16:11.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that killed a lot of bees
that are one time

16:11.600 --> 16:16.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and so everybody got all
excited about it.

16:16.766 --> 16:22.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Again, our job is to use
science to make decisions.

16:22.633 --> 16:25.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And so that's what we're
coming to you.

16:25.433 --> 16:28.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Earlier we talked about
the fascinating research

16:28.100 --> 16:31.966 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
you and other
research facilities did

16:32.066 --> 16:36.000 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
and how much the
plants that we go to the

16:36.100 --> 16:38.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
store in the Spring when we
get excited about you

16:38.866 --> 16:41.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
know the ornamental the
ornamentals and herbaceous

16:41.366 --> 16:44.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
perennials that we put
out, how many of those

16:44.366 --> 16:46.800 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
were attracted to
pollinators and had

16:46.900 --> 16:49.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
neonicotinoids. And
people can find that

16:49.333 --> 16:52.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
if they go to the earlier
podcast. But that's a

16:52.533 --> 16:57.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
smaller use compared to
other uses of neonicotinoids.

16:57.166 --> 16:59.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
So let's talk about
how it's used

16:59.266 --> 17:02.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
in other parts of the
agricultural industry.

17:02.433 --> 17:05.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Maybe beginning with
just our field crops

17:05.700 --> 17:11.433 align:left position:0%,start line:0% size:100%
perhaps. Sure. Neonicotinoids
what is one of the major

17:11.533 --> 17:13.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
product every year when
you inspect site that

17:13.900 --> 17:17.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
we use in agriculture.
And just about any kind

17:17.333 --> 17:19.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
of product that you're
seeing out there doesn't

17:19.366 --> 17:23.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
matter it's soybean
or cotton or corn.

17:23.100 --> 17:26.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
Some of them has been
treated with

17:26.933 --> 17:28.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
neonicotinoids. So the
treatment for neonicotinoids

17:28.466 --> 17:31.100 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
in a field crop
would take the form of

17:31.200 --> 17:34.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
either spraying directly
on the plant itself to kill

17:34.900 --> 17:38.133 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
the insects that are feeding
on them or they can be

17:38.233 --> 17:40.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
seep coated on the
seep is in the

17:41.033 --> 17:44.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
ground so that when the
seedlings are germinating

17:44.566 --> 17:48.133 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
there's already insecticide
around it to protect it from

17:48.233 --> 17:51.900 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
insects that are in the soil.
It might be feeding on them.

17:52.000 --> 17:54.100 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
And does it also
gives the little seedling

17:54.200 --> 17:57.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
itself some protection
from insects that

17:57.433 --> 18:00.900 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
are in the air?
Sure and some of them

18:01.000 --> 18:03.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
because neonicotinoids
are a standing insecticide.

18:03.466 --> 18:05.233 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
So if you have a
little bit of

18:05.333 --> 18:08.066 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
seed coating on the outside,
the active ingredient can

18:08.166 --> 18:10.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
also be absorbed by the
root of the seedling

18:11.066 --> 18:14.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and bring it up to the
leaves or protect them

18:14.866 --> 18:18.966 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
from some of the
early seedling pests.

18:19.066 --> 18:22.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
JC depending upon what part of
the country you're in,

18:22.600 --> 18:27.300 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
your soil types
can even be a factor.

18:27.400 --> 18:32.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
There may or may not be
a threat to your

18:32.133 --> 18:37.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
seeds from soil wire
worms and things like that.

18:37.133 --> 18:41.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
But I believe that
most of the product, most

18:41.533 --> 18:44.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
of the seats are just
created because - is

18:44.233 --> 18:47.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
it just easier I mean
it's so hard to stop

18:47.766 --> 18:50.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
you're assembly line and
clean them. So even if you

18:50.433 --> 18:52.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
don't need it in a particular
area, are you

18:52.833 --> 18:55.900 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
likely to receive
seed that has been

18:56.000 --> 18:59.133 align:left position:37.5%,start line:86.67% size:62.5%
coated?
Yes. It's pretty likely

18:59.233 --> 19:01.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that your seed will be
either coated with

19:01.633 --> 19:05.200 align:left position:0%,start line:93.33% size:100%
a insecticide or fungicide.

19:05.300 --> 19:08.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
So like you said a lot of
time it's the assembly line.

19:08.300 --> 19:10.900 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
It's a lot easier
for them to go and do it

19:11.000 --> 19:14.000 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
for everybody doesn't matter
where they settle in the seed

19:14.100 --> 19:17.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
to actually stop that assembly
line and say okay, 'We are

19:17.533 --> 19:20.000 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
producing seed now let's stop.'
We don't need the

19:20.100 --> 19:23.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
coating. Let's not do the
coating. That usually doesn't

19:23.633 --> 19:26.933 align:left position:37.5%,start line:86.67% size:62.5%
happen.
So and you said

19:27.033 --> 19:30.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
that's just I mean the tonnages
is large,

19:30.533 --> 19:32.966 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
the amount.
Absolutely, so the seed

19:33.066 --> 19:36.733 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
coating itself,
about ten years ago.

19:36.833 --> 19:39.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
We were using about two
million kilos of neonicotinoids.

19:39.933 --> 19:43.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
just on coating seed.
And that's a

19:43.633 --> 19:46.700 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
huge amount of insecticide.
Now since it's water

19:46.800 --> 19:50.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
soluble, do they worry
about it being in the

19:50.600 --> 19:54.666 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
water supply.
There's always the risk

19:54.766 --> 19:57.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
of them being in the
water supply but the

19:57.800 --> 20:00.633 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
amount of insecticide on the
seed coating side is pretty

20:00.733 --> 20:03.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
minute but that's not a
whole lot of chemical in

20:03.900 --> 20:06.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
there directly. And
also a lot of time they will

20:07.033 --> 20:09.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
also stay in the soil a lot
better than just

20:09.833 --> 20:13.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
penetrating fluidly.
Oh good. So they're not

20:13.266 --> 20:15.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
horribly soluble I mean
they're going to tend

20:15.366 --> 20:17.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to stay there. They
are pretty

20:17.433 --> 20:21.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
soluble but you can
stay in the soil. Okay

20:21.700 --> 20:25.566 align:left position:25%,start line:93.33% size:75%
but it is a

20:25.666 --> 20:28.466 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
improvement
in some ways over some of

20:28.566 --> 20:31.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the previous products
that were available, even

20:31.466 --> 20:35.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
though it has its own set
of problems, it has less

20:35.433 --> 20:38.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
toxicity in certain ways
than former products that

20:38.900 --> 20:42.033 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
were used. Is that correct?
Absolutely and in fact

20:42.133 --> 20:45.900 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
neonicotinoids was developed
to really get

20:46.000 --> 20:50.200 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
around the high
toxicity issues of the

20:50.300 --> 20:56.133 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
nicotine or the high organic
phosphate insecticide.

20:56.233 --> 20:59.966 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
So if you just compare the
amount of the insecticide being

21:00.066 --> 21:03.033 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
used to 50 years ago. What we
are now using is much

21:03.133 --> 21:06.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
less than what were using
50 years ago.

21:07.000 --> 21:10.400 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
So, that's definitely a benefit
of using something new.

21:10.500 --> 21:14.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
So those are causes to be
glad that we have these

21:14.333 --> 21:17.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
new products coming on
but people

21:17.766 --> 21:20.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
seem to be so worried. The
the pollinator situation

21:20.900 --> 21:25.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
seems to be so much in
people's minds and

21:25.700 --> 21:28.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
because of that one
terrible incident,

21:28.200 --> 21:32.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
people worried that it's
gonna work add onto the

21:32.266 --> 21:35.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
problem. I always sort
of joke when I get

21:35.766 --> 21:39.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to follow an essay. The
neonicotinoids isn't an

21:39.133 --> 21:40.466 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
insecticide and pollinators
are an insecticide.

21:40.566 --> 21:45.500 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
When you put
one and one together

21:45.600 --> 21:50.166 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
of course, that's something bad
is going to happen.

21:50.266 --> 21:55.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
So, neonicotinoids have
inherent danger or risks to the

21:55.166 --> 21:57.700 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
pollinator. There's no doubt
about that. So, you

21:57.800 --> 22:00.466 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
actually avoid that kind of
danger when you can be thinking

22:00.566 --> 22:04.000 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
another way that people can
use that product more

22:04.100 --> 22:06.533 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
safely and more
effectively so we can

22:06.633 --> 22:09.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
actually avoid that kind of
risk. So we can control the pest

22:09.933 --> 22:13.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
while not hurting our
pollinators, I can say.

22:13.133 --> 22:14.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
And that has to do with

22:14.566 --> 22:18.266 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
sometimes timing.
It has a lot to do with

22:18.366 --> 22:21.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
timing and where you use
it and how you use it.

22:21.600 --> 22:25.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
For example, when the
when the flowers are

22:25.366 --> 22:29.133 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
blooming and your pollinators
are actually visiting flowers,

22:29.233 --> 22:33.200 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
that is not a good time to be
using neonicotinoids or in fact

22:33.300 --> 22:36.333 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
any insecticide at all because
when you apply an

22:36.433 --> 22:39.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
insecticide to a flower and
the pollinators, you'll be

22:39.866 --> 22:41.700 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
getting in contact with the
pollinator, you will

22:41.800 --> 22:44.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
kill the pollinator. Yes. And
even if the pollinators are

22:44.866 --> 22:47.633 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
there if the rest
stay on the flower

22:47.733 --> 22:50.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
itself and the pollinators
walk by getting

22:50.866 --> 22:55.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
contact with it, it can
still be impacted.

22:55.700 --> 23:00.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Americans certainly do
love their lawns and

23:00.333 --> 23:02.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
we know that if we really
wanted to help

23:02.700 --> 23:04.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
pollinators, we ought to
reduce the size of our

23:04.933 --> 23:07.166 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
lawn and put in a pollinator
garden. And then some

23:07.266 --> 23:10.100 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
people are doing that. Terasa
Lott, who works

23:10.200 --> 23:12.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
with us he's been he's
been doing that and

23:12.633 --> 23:15.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
enjoying the results
because she sees such

23:15.500 --> 23:18.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
wonderful things. But I
think the turf industry

23:18.400 --> 23:22.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
itself also has found
that the neonicotinoids

23:22.900 --> 23:26.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
have been affected in one
of their pests in treating

23:26.466 --> 23:29.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
one of their pests. Right.
So the neonicotinoids has

23:29.866 --> 23:32.266 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
been used in the turf industry
for treatment of

23:32.366 --> 23:36.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
white rut quite a bit.
And but there's basically

23:36.700 --> 23:39.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
one of the number one
product is that

23:39.600 --> 23:43.200 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
neonicotinoids. And some of
the study has been shown

23:43.300 --> 23:47.333 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
over the years that application
of neonicotinoids

23:47.433 --> 23:51.133 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
can profoundly
change the ecosystem in

23:51.233 --> 23:58.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the enterprise. Wow! And
so well but

23:58.900 --> 24:02.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
using neonicotinoids when
you have a pest that's

24:02.433 --> 24:05.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
difficult to control
neonicotinoids is your only

24:05.400 --> 24:08.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
options then there's
not a whole of other

24:08.733 --> 24:12.633 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
things that you can do about it.
Luckily, there are

24:12.733 --> 24:15.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
more new products that
are coming out that

24:15.500 --> 24:20.600 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
are just as safe for pollinators
and other animals as well.

24:20.700 --> 24:24.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
And are just as effective as
them. Oh good.

24:24.333 --> 24:27.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Yeah definitely safer and
just as effective.

24:27.400 --> 24:29.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And so that's one reason
we want our professional

24:29.766 --> 24:33.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
applicators to take
advantage of trainings so

24:33.100 --> 24:36.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that they're aware of
their options and

24:36.766 --> 24:38.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
can shift. Absolutely.

24:38.833 --> 24:41.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
I'll definitely recommend that
and you know folks like

24:41.833 --> 24:44.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
me do a lot of research
in that arena.

24:44.966 --> 24:48.066 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
So we could definitely share
that information with you.

24:48.166 --> 24:51.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
What is good, what is the
effective and what's safe.

24:51.666 --> 24:53.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
You said that and although
sometimes it's not

24:53.900 --> 24:55.933 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
possible for a
professional company

24:56.033 --> 24:59.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that's coming in to make
a treatment to have a lot

24:59.200 --> 25:02.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
of laxity in timing. But
you said it for instance

25:02.300 --> 25:06.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
if you had some clover
that was blooming and

25:06.233 --> 25:08.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
you were going to make
this application which I

25:08.600 --> 25:11.433 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
guess is a liquid
application to turf,

25:11.533 --> 25:14.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
they could even - there's
some cultural practices

25:14.333 --> 25:17.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that could minimize the
risk. Is that correct?

25:17.400 --> 25:20.600 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Right. Some of the studies
conducted in

25:20.700 --> 25:23.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Kentucky basically
show that if you have

25:23.966 --> 25:27.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
clover flowering, and you apply
a new neonicotinoids insecticide

25:27.533 --> 25:30.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to the clover much of the
insecticide

25:30.800 --> 25:34.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
will end up in the nectar.
And you might have impact

25:34.866 --> 25:38.633 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
on the population. But if you
mow the clover before you make

25:38.733 --> 25:41.700 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
the applications then you can
actually reduce

25:41.800 --> 25:44.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
a lot of that risk
just by reducing the

25:44.533 --> 25:47.033 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
amount of active
ingredient actually ending

25:47.133 --> 25:50.000 align:left position:25%,start line:93.33% size:75%
up in the nectar.

25:50.100 --> 25:54.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
So there are things that
just being aware of

25:54.400 --> 25:57.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
look how things work and
how they move in the

25:57.266 --> 25:59.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
plant and trying to put
that whole picture

25:59.866 --> 26:03.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
together can help us all
to do a better job when

26:03.566 --> 26:06.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
we do find that we need
to make an application.

26:06.100 --> 26:08.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Sometimes. And that
that's probably the major

26:09.000 --> 26:12.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
point you have there,
which is well, knowledge

26:12.300 --> 26:16.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
is really the key to the
success. We are

26:16.633 --> 26:19.600 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
concerned with pollinators
and we know a lot of

26:19.700 --> 26:22.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
things that we can do to
make it kind of

26:23.033 --> 26:27.000 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
help and detriment to their
pollinator population.

26:27.100 --> 26:31.933 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
We need to know what those are
how we can actually use them.

26:32.033 --> 26:36.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
The EPA does go back and
make reviews and

26:36.300 --> 26:39.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
sometimes they make
changes in labeling or

26:39.966 --> 26:42.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
what's allowed. Is that
correct? That's correct.

26:42.633 --> 26:47.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And EPA does conduct
registration review of

26:47.233 --> 26:49.266 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
different chemicals. It doesn't
matter if it's insecticide

26:49.366 --> 26:53.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
or fungicide or herbicide
every few years. And what

26:53.600 --> 26:55.166 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
they would do is
basically during the

26:55.266 --> 26:57.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
review process they're
putting all the new

26:58.066 --> 27:00.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
information. and then
they're gonna look at the

27:00.600 --> 27:03.266 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
early information and that
the new information and

27:03.366 --> 27:05.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
then make a decision as
far as, is these

27:05.733 --> 27:09.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
products even safe, based
on our current state of

27:09.266 --> 27:14.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
knowledge and whether
we'll allow it to renew again.

27:14.200 --> 27:17.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
You said that recently
there have been some

27:17.733 --> 27:20.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
reductions in the amount
you could use in certain

27:20.433 --> 27:24.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
situations and so that's
why once again, you

27:24.166 --> 27:25.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
should always read the
label because if

27:25.933 --> 27:27.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
I've been putting out
something for five

27:27.566 --> 27:31.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
or ten years, I might just have
a way that I mix it but

27:31.666 --> 27:35.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that may no longer be
legal and I could still

27:35.766 --> 27:39.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
get control and using
less product. But I

27:39.733 --> 27:43.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
need to read a label
because the label is the

27:43.133 --> 27:47.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
law and it protects the
environment and also

27:47.866 --> 27:50.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the applicators. And
people who live in the homes.

27:50.733 --> 27:52.866 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Absolutely. And one thing I
would add to that

27:52.966 --> 27:55.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
is you want to read the
label of the product that

27:55.666 --> 27:58.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
you're using right now.
Because the labels do

27:58.500 --> 28:02.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
change, the amount that
you apply change, the

28:02.366 --> 28:06.166 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
name can change, the active
ingredient can also change.

28:06.266 --> 28:09.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And for example, I'll
give an example

28:10.066 --> 28:14.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Grub X, is a homeowner product
for white grub control, years

28:14.833 --> 28:17.333 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
the active
ingredient is actually

28:17.433 --> 28:21.700 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
one of the neonicotinoids.
And recently the active

28:21.800 --> 28:24.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
ingredient was actually
changing another product

28:24.333 --> 28:28.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
that's not even a neonicotinoid.
That product is just as

28:28.933 --> 28:33.333 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
effective as neonicotinoids
that's due to pollinators.

28:33.433 --> 28:36.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
So, because of that change
in the product, you're

28:36.533 --> 28:39.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
basically reducing risk
on the pollinator. But it also

28:39.800 --> 28:43.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
entailed quite a bit of
changes in the label language.

28:43.433 --> 28:48.200 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
How much you apply, and things
like that. So, even

28:48.300 --> 28:51.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
if the product is the
same name, you need to

28:51.300 --> 28:53.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
read the label very
carefully, just to make sure

28:54.033 --> 28:56.233 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
that the active
ingredients and

28:56.333 --> 29:00.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
all the other information
necessary. So if you have a bag

29:00.300 --> 29:02.933 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
of 20 year old products in your
shed

29:03.033 --> 29:07.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and get it out that's a
different story, but we don't

29:07.133 --> 29:10.300 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
want to use that.
It's not worth the wait.

29:10.400 --> 29:12.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And fortunately our
State Department of

29:12.833 --> 29:17.533 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
Agriculture does
circulate the state

29:17.633 --> 29:20.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
having times when you can
bring pesticides

29:20.800 --> 29:23.166 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
for safe disposal. And that's
something people should

29:23.266 --> 29:25.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
keep in mind as well. You
don't just put it in the

29:25.766 --> 29:28.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
trash and send them to
the landfill. No if it goes in

29:28.933 --> 29:32.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the landfill it probably
goes into the water somewhere.

29:32.400 --> 29:35.266 align:left position:37.5%,start line:86.67% size:62.5%
It's a
complicated subject and I

29:35.366 --> 29:37.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
wanna to thank you for
taking the time to shed

29:37.600 --> 29:41.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
some light on this today.
And doing what you

29:41.200 --> 29:44.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
people do research and
then and then getting

29:44.700 --> 29:47.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that information to the
people. Because we do want

29:47.100 --> 29:49.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to make our decisions
based on science and not

29:49.866 --> 29:53.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
on hysteria. Thank you
very much JC. Thank you, Amanda.

29:56.633 --> 29:59.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
I do wanna thank Dr. John for
sharing information with us.

29:59.333 --> 30:02.066 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
He often is
traveling the country.

30:02.166 --> 30:05.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
He is considered such an
expert on these issues and

30:05.500 --> 30:08.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
although I'm sorry for
the reason that he is not

30:08.633 --> 30:13.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
traveling, I really
appreciate his

30:13.233 --> 30:16.333 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
knowledge and his sharing the
time to share that with

30:16.433 --> 30:20.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
all of us. Teresa, have
we got some more questions

30:20.466 --> 30:22.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
from some of our viewers?

30:22.966 --> 30:25.633 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
We do. The next question is
about a pest

30:25.733 --> 30:29.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that always seems to find
my feet and ankles, one

30:29.200 --> 30:31.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
day I will learn to wear
more appropriate shoes

30:31.500 --> 30:34.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
outside. At least that's
what my husband tells me

30:34.666 --> 30:37.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
so our viewer says,
they are experiencing

30:38.000 --> 30:40.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
red imported fire ants
in the vegetable garden

30:40.600 --> 30:43.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
and compost pile and they'll
like to know how to

30:43.400 --> 30:46.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
safely manage them. Laura Lee
it was so

30:46.833 --> 30:49.566 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
discouraging. You
and I can remember when

30:49.666 --> 30:52.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
we can play outside
freely in South Carolina

30:52.400 --> 30:54.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and not have to worry
about that. It was

30:54.433 --> 30:57.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
a great shock to me. But there
are some things that we

30:57.333 --> 30:59.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
can do that are safe for
the environment I believe

30:59.933 --> 31:02.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and safe for us and
fortunately not safe for

31:03.033 --> 31:07.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
the fire ants. So, give us
help here please.

31:07.333 --> 31:10.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Ants are going to be in
places that are undisturbed.

31:10.266 --> 31:14.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
So if there's nothing in

31:14.733 --> 31:18.066 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
your garden for
a little while, the ants

31:18.166 --> 31:21.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
usually will come. There
fortunately is a very good

31:22.033 --> 31:27.900 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
fact sheet on
control of fire ants in

31:28.000 --> 31:31.400 align:left position:37.5%,start line:86.67% size:62.5%
gardens.
The same order would apply

31:31.500 --> 31:33.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
your compost pile because
we're not, you don't want to

31:33.933 --> 31:37.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
put in harmful chemicals in
your compost pile but we

31:37.866 --> 31:42.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
can bait around the
garden and use baits around

31:42.966 --> 31:46.800 align:left position:37.5%,start line:86.67% size:62.5%
our
the compost pile and

31:46.900 --> 31:51.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
if we're using baits in the
lawn too that also help

31:51.400 --> 31:54.466 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
with the your farm with the
control of the fire ants.

31:54.566 --> 31:58.800 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
There are some
biological controls that

31:58.900 --> 32:05.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
are available, spinoside
and some of those products,

32:05.433 --> 32:09.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
but what I want to
we caution people about

32:09.566 --> 32:15.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
is not to use acetate or Sevin
or Ortho

32:15.400 --> 32:19.133 align:left position:25%,start line:93.33% size:75%
unless it's

32:19.233 --> 32:23.600 align:left position:37.5%,start line:86.67% size:62.5%
specified
on the label. The label is

32:23.700 --> 32:27.266 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
the law. You've got to follow
the label. Be sure that

32:27.366 --> 32:31.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
you're controlling things
in an environmental friendly

32:31.766 --> 32:36.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
manner and we're not harming
the beneficial insects.

32:36.333 --> 32:40.533 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Basically, read the fact sheet,
read the label, I always

32:40.633 --> 32:42.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
tell put your glasses on when
you go

32:42.933 --> 32:48.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to the store. And before
you even start to apply

32:48.466 --> 32:53.133 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
any kind of chemical, read the
label first, so that you know

32:53.233 --> 32:57.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
what it can and can't do.

32:57.333 --> 32:59.966 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
Laura Lee people
sometimes they're sad

33:00.066 --> 33:03.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
because they put out of
bait and that's a

33:03.566 --> 33:06.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
wonderful product because
it controls all the in

33:06.766 --> 33:10.333 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
the fire ants even the ones
you don't know about. But,

33:10.433 --> 33:14.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
it doesn't have a very
long lasting time or so

33:14.700 --> 33:16.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
they need to know that
this is something

33:16.400 --> 33:20.033 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
that will have to be repeated if
I'm not mistaken. Repeated and

33:20.133 --> 33:22.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
then also you want to
that's where the label

33:22.766 --> 33:25.600 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
directions come in handy too.
In fact, we don't want

33:25.700 --> 33:29.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to put it down until
24 hours and then the

33:29.666 --> 33:34.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
bait can be ineffective.
Thank you very much.

33:34.100 --> 33:37.200 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Well, let's hope that we'll have
a fire ant as close to

33:37.300 --> 33:40.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
fire ant free. We can't
eliminate fire ants

33:40.300 --> 33:43.700 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
but we can try to manage them.
And let me caution all of you

33:43.800 --> 33:48.000 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
that if you have a reaction
that is it anyway more

33:48.100 --> 33:51.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
than localized, you need
to

33:51.400 --> 33:54.166 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
if you have the
slightest bit of trouble

33:54.266 --> 33:56.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
or start having welts,
you have to go to the

33:56.733 --> 34:00.266 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
emergency room immediately. And
if it's more than localized

34:00.366 --> 34:03.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
but not that severe,
you need to speak with an

34:03.133 --> 34:06.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
allergist and be safe
because sadly there have

34:06.466 --> 34:09.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
been challenges from
people who are super

34:09.233 --> 34:11.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
sensitive to these
insects. And the next time

34:11.833 --> 34:15.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
you're exposed, it could
be worse than the first.

34:15.433 --> 34:19.300 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
So, even though
their tiny do

34:19.400 --> 34:22.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
give them credit for
being something that you have to

34:22.200 --> 34:22.800 align:left position:25%,start line:93.33% size:75%
pay attention to

34:22.900 --> 34:25.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
and perhaps make some

34:25.400 --> 34:28.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
adjustments in your life.
Down in Lake City, they've

34:28.666 --> 34:31.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
made a lot of adjustments to
turn that community

34:31.400 --> 34:33.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
into one of the most
beautiful places

34:33.166 --> 34:37.333 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
in the world and just such an
incredible variety of

34:37.433 --> 34:40.533 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
plant material that they use and
it was an old movie theatre

34:40.633 --> 34:42.833 align:left position:37.5%,start line:86.67% size:62.5%
there and
they left the marquee

34:42.933 --> 34:45.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
kind of everything up and
left the open space and it's

34:45.933 --> 34:48.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
called the Theatre Park.
And Bradley

34:48.133 --> 34:51.766 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
Roberts gave us a
wonderful tour. I felt

34:51.866 --> 34:53.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
like I was sitting there
and watching a movie

34:54.000 --> 34:54.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
on beautiful plants.

35:11.066 --> 35:13.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
We're in downtown Lake
City, South Carolina and

35:13.733 --> 35:16.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
I'm talking with Bradley
Roberts, a horticulturist

35:16.533 --> 35:18.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
with Moore Farmers
Botanical Garden. And y'all

35:19.033 --> 35:21.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
don't just take care
of the garden, y'all bring

35:21.333 --> 35:23.833 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
your expertise
downtown. That's right,

35:23.933 --> 35:26.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Amanda we manage about
18 acres of

35:26.633 --> 35:28.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
cultivated garden space
downtown. And I'm gonna

35:29.000 --> 35:31.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
say that although many
cities have beautiful

35:31.966 --> 35:34.633 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
downtown plantings y'all's
have a completely

35:34.733 --> 35:37.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
distinct look. Well, it
does have a distinct look

35:37.966 --> 35:39.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
we have the you know
fortune of being

35:40.033 --> 35:42.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
supported by a local
botanical garden. Yes.

35:42.700 --> 35:44.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
So, we have access to a
lot of different types

35:44.866 --> 35:48.500 align:left position:0%,start line:0% size:100%
of plant material. And here we
are in a situation that's

35:48.600 --> 35:51.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
replicated in many older
cities in the south where

35:51.400 --> 35:53.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
we had a building that I
think had

35:53.700 --> 35:55.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
been abandoned, That's
right! But

35:55.966 --> 35:57.866 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
y'all have made
something so special.

35:57.966 --> 36:00.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Well thank you. This used
to be that

36:00.166 --> 36:03.166 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
theatre in downtown Lake City
that was abandoned.

36:03.266 --> 36:05.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
And we created this lovely
green space here.

36:05.600 --> 36:07.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And what are some of the
things you've done

36:07.566 --> 36:10.033 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
to let people know that this
isn't just an

36:10.133 --> 36:13.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
abandoned space but now a
welcoming venue and intimate

36:13.366 --> 36:16.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
place for us a little break
from the busy downtown

36:16.666 --> 36:18.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
restaurant city? That's
right. Well, we have a

36:18.766 --> 36:20.533 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
few different features out
near the front

36:20.633 --> 36:23.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
of the facade of the space. We
have seasonal planting

36:23.933 --> 36:25.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
containers that we have
out on the sidewalk

36:25.733 --> 36:29.066 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
and invite people in. And we
so have some vines some

36:29.166 --> 36:32.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
evergreen vines that kind
of poke through out onto

36:32.266 --> 36:34.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the street. You know to
kind of let people

36:34.300 --> 36:37.200 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
know that there are is a green
space here. I think it's so much

36:37.300 --> 36:39.633 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
fun to see them growing through
the windows. Yeah. They're

36:39.733 --> 36:41.966 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
kinda peeking out at you. You
said it kind of

36:42.066 --> 36:44.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
gives you a little sense of
abandonment. But when you

36:44.400 --> 36:49.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
come in what a remarkably
inviting and orderly but

36:49.366 --> 36:52.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
still full place you've
created. Yeah I think so

36:52.100 --> 36:54.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
too. There's a you know a
kind of a hodge podge

36:54.766 --> 36:56.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
a mix of different plant
material from woodys to

36:57.000 --> 36:59.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
perennials. And then all
the vines on the walls

36:59.800 --> 37:01.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
here that really kind of
soften the space and

37:01.800 --> 37:03.366 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
it does kind of
give it that sense

37:03.466 --> 37:06.000 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
of abandonment you're talking
about. And you got several vines

37:06.100 --> 37:08.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and one in particular,
I was not familiar with.

37:08.900 --> 37:11.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
It's just beautiful. It's
millettia. Millettia purple

37:11.633 --> 37:15.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
flowering evergreen vine.
So it stays green all

37:15.166 --> 37:17.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Winter long. And not
invasive. Not invasive at

37:17.666 --> 37:21.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
all. It doesn't over seed.
It has a nice full lush,

37:21.333 --> 37:23.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
green color all year. And
that's important because

37:23.933 --> 37:26.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
this is the sunny side
and to think that here

37:26.733 --> 37:29.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
we are on a hot day and
it's still vividly green.

37:30.066 --> 37:32.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Yeah it doesn't show any
signs at burn it all.

37:32.533 --> 37:34.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Then going down a little
bit, our wonderful

37:34.700 --> 37:37.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
campsis. That's right.
Campsis radicans. This

37:37.766 --> 37:40.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
one's a yellow flowering
variety. You normally see

37:40.200 --> 37:42.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
the red flowering, but this
one's yellow. It's beautiful.

37:42.933 --> 37:45.333 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
It's gorgeous. And then you
got a mix of things. You've got

37:45.433 --> 37:48.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
some begonias and even
some roses out there. We've got

37:48.833 --> 37:52.200 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
some climbing roses here to
continue to give that

37:52.300 --> 37:55.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
vining effect and soften
some of the hardscape.

37:55.833 --> 37:58.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Then we've got some drift
roses in the landscape here too.

37:58.366 --> 37:59.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Because in the Summer
they'll still give

37:59.900 --> 38:01.933 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
you great color? That's right
and they just keep blooming.

38:02.033 --> 38:04.233 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
So let's talk a
little bit when we come

38:04.333 --> 38:07.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
in you've got a beautiful
fountain, but in this old

38:07.100 --> 38:09.266 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
building gives a
wonderful contrast.

38:09.366 --> 38:12.466 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
It's very modern. It is very
modern. It's a modern look

38:12.566 --> 38:14.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
but it kind of matches
the modern look

38:14.400 --> 38:18.200 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
of the pavers that are in this
space. So it's kind of a nice

38:18.300 --> 38:20.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
mix between old and new. And a
lovely little native

38:20.933 --> 38:24.266 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
wildflower right in front of it.
That White top sedge. Yes.

38:24.366 --> 38:27.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Yeah, it's gorgeous we
love it and flanked by

38:27.166 --> 38:31.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that fabulous upright.
Those papyrus yeah.

38:31.233 --> 38:33.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
They really match a water
feature. You know they're just

38:34.033 --> 38:36.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
meant to be next to the water.
So it's a good match,

38:36.600 --> 38:38.433 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
too, to have it
anchoring or flanking

38:38.533 --> 38:41.933 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
that fountain. You've got a
cultivar of magnolia that's

38:42.033 --> 38:45.000 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
very beautiful. Yeah it's more
of an upright growing

38:45.100 --> 38:48.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
variety. It's called Alta. Of
our regular magnolia.

38:48.600 --> 38:51.133 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
The southern
evergreen magnolia.

38:51.233 --> 38:53.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
It's called Alta. And it
grows more

38:53.600 --> 38:57.400 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
fastigate or upright. So it's
good for this smaller space.

38:57.500 --> 38:59.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Yeah so it can still
represent the southern

38:59.300 --> 39:01.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
magnolia but not have to
take up space. Yeah which it

39:01.666 --> 39:03.600 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
could easily. And
really take over the

39:03.700 --> 39:05.366 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
whole space.
One thing that just

39:05.466 --> 39:08.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
surprises me so much is
the use of conifers. This

39:08.100 --> 39:11.900 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
is a hot harsh environment.
Yeah. Tell me what

39:12.000 --> 39:14.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
you've chosen. Full sun
most of the day, but we

39:14.233 --> 39:16.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
have selected a few
varieties to do well in

39:16.266 --> 39:18.766 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
the southeast.
Chamaecyparis obtusa

39:18.866 --> 39:22.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Confucius we have in full
sun. It's got great gold color,

39:22.800 --> 39:25.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
doesn't burn in the sun.
And we've also got a

39:25.300 --> 39:27.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
variety of our native
eastern red cedar it's

39:27.833 --> 39:31.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
called Brodie. Juniperus
Virginiana Brodie.

39:31.766 --> 39:35.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Takes the full sun, full
heat of the Summer. The color

39:35.266 --> 39:37.700 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
seems to be more vivid and it
seems to be more compact.

39:37.800 --> 39:40.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
It's more compact and more
upright. And a great place for

39:40.900 --> 39:43.633 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
wildlife in the Winter for
birds. Yeah. Absolutely!

39:43.733 --> 39:46.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
They create little homes in
nests in the interior of those

39:46.900 --> 39:49.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
trees. And then we've got some
grasses in the front of

39:49.900 --> 39:51.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that building and then at
the back you've

39:51.700 --> 39:54.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
got a wonderful planting of the
grass. Yeah. It's one of our

39:54.666 --> 39:58.666 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
native panicums, switch grass.
It's called cloud nine.

39:58.766 --> 40:01.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And right now it's just
exploding. It creates a great

40:01.633 --> 40:04.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
screen from the parking lot in
the back. And then on the other

40:04.900 --> 40:08.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
side we got a little more
shade and you've got some

40:08.200 --> 40:10.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
wonderful things that
perform well there. Yeah

40:10.400 --> 40:13.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
we've got some variegated
varieties of cast iron

40:13.266 --> 40:16.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
plant. We've got some
Dasylirion. We have some

40:16.366 --> 40:20.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
bamboos. There's a nice
mix of shade material.

40:20.500 --> 40:22.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Instead of just sitting
under an umbrella, we've

40:22.666 --> 40:25.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
got a wonderful canopy
over us. Yeah I know.

40:25.233 --> 40:27.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
It really it matches
the kind of modern feel

40:27.933 --> 40:29.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
of the pavers and the
fountain.

40:30.033 --> 40:31.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And it's something
different aside from just

40:31.600 --> 40:33.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
planting a larger shade
tree. Well, and I think it's

40:33.700 --> 40:36.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
fun in a city where
you've got beautiful old

40:36.600 --> 40:40.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
structures to incorporate
and kind of give it a little

40:40.166 --> 40:42.333 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
Ying and Yang of
contemporary with old. I agree

40:42.433 --> 40:44.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
it gives it a kind of a fresh
look. Something that's

40:44.833 --> 40:46.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
kind of inviting or intriguing.
Y'all have a lot of

40:46.933 --> 40:49.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
great places to eat in
Lake City and we've got a

40:49.433 --> 40:52.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
sculpture of it that
seems to made to

40:52.500 --> 40:55.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
represent spoons and
forks. Yeah, but like

40:55.766 --> 40:58.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
flowers. You know, but
you're right. There are a

40:58.100 --> 41:00.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
lot of great places to
eat but is an interesting

41:00.766 --> 41:02.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
interpretation and it's

41:02.333 --> 41:05.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
quite colorful. It's beautiful.
Another fun thing that

41:05.333 --> 41:07.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
you got is since this was
a theatre, you've

41:07.266 --> 41:10.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
got a theatre marquee out
front. I know we do. It kind

41:10.366 --> 41:12.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
of makes you feel like
you're in a big city or

41:12.733 --> 41:15.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
something like that. Well
and you know what for

41:15.266 --> 41:18.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
small town, Lake City,
South Carolina is kind of

41:18.266 --> 41:20.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
like the big city because
of the diversity and the

41:21.000 --> 41:25.033 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
wonderful variety of stores and
places to stay, places to eat,

41:25.133 --> 41:27.966 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
museum's, all kind of cultural
features. If people want to know

41:28.066 --> 41:29.566 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
more about what's
happening in Lake City

41:29.666 --> 41:32.466 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
or at Moore Farms Botanical
Garden, how do they do that?

41:32.566 --> 41:34.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
You can visit our website

41:34.866 --> 41:37.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
It's moorefarmsbg.org.

41:37.166 --> 41:38.600 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
And there's
information there about

41:38.700 --> 41:40.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
events and happenings at
the garden

41:40.433 --> 41:42.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and special events
in downtown Lake City.

41:42.233 --> 41:44.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Thank you for spending
the time with us today.

41:44.400 --> 41:46.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
Thank you for having me.

41:51.600 --> 41:53.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
I want to thank all of our
friends

41:53.400 --> 41:55.133 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
down in Lake
City. Everyone has been

41:55.233 --> 41:58.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
always cooperative with
particularly, our need

41:58.200 --> 42:00.966 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
in their Bradley Roberts. We
hope that if y'all have a Sunday

42:01.066 --> 42:03.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
afternoon and want to take a
drive there, drive down to

42:03.600 --> 42:06.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Lake City and look at the
beautiful street plantings and

42:06.766 --> 42:09.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the plantings around the
building. Terasa,

42:09.633 --> 42:13.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
it's still that vegetable
to grow time of year I

42:13.800 --> 42:16.066 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
bet somebody
wants to get some

42:16.166 --> 42:18.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
information that Zack might
be able to lead them in the

42:18.666 --> 42:21.633 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
right direction.
You are correct, Amanda

42:21.733 --> 42:25.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
that we have a first time
vegetable gardener, who

42:25.500 --> 42:28.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
would like some advice.
He and his friends have

42:28.300 --> 42:32.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
started gardening. They said it
feels like it rather expensive

42:32.400 --> 42:35.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
because the seeds seem to be pre
packaged. So looking for

42:35.866 --> 42:38.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
advice on kind of the
start up materials needed

42:38.966 --> 42:42.033 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
for a garden so that he and his
friends each plant two or

42:42.133 --> 42:45.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
three things and then
share the harvest.

42:45.466 --> 42:48.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Okay. So, they I guess
they're trying to maybe

42:48.133 --> 42:53.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
grow some transplants and
don't need 50 of them,

42:53.333 --> 42:55.100 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
but would like to share them.
How do you

42:55.200 --> 42:58.300 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
get started and what you need
to do that, Zack?

42:58.400 --> 43:00.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Yeah so what I tell
people

43:00.800 --> 43:03.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
is really is form a group or
network of friends. I

43:03.833 --> 43:07.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
think master gardener is
a great place to start

43:07.433 --> 43:09.533 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
if you have some extra time on
your hands just a network of

43:09.633 --> 43:12.700 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
people who are
really into the same

43:12.800 --> 43:15.533 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
thing and kind of
have the same gardening

43:15.633 --> 43:19.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
fun I guess. But when you
start swapping plants

43:19.266 --> 43:21.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
with people, you know you
can really get into some

43:21.466 --> 43:24.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
of the weirder, you know.
odd and end varieties because as

43:24.300 --> 43:26.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Terasa said, you know
when you start looking

43:26.500 --> 43:29.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
at these seed catalogs
and ordering online, you might

43:29.266 --> 43:32.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
pay four or five dollars
for 25 seeds of

43:32.533 --> 43:35.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
a tomato. And you know
you might just want one

43:35.100 --> 43:36.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
or two of those tomatoes,
if you're starting your

43:37.033 --> 43:40.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
own plants. So having
friends in the community

43:40.500 --> 43:42.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
where you can grow some
of these are types tomatoes.

43:43.033 --> 43:45.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
I can grow these peppers,
and then you can kind of

43:45.400 --> 43:48.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
swap transplants as a
really good way to go.

43:48.100 --> 43:51.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
I know all my friends
at extension, we every

43:51.466 --> 43:53.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
time we see each other we
trade plants.

43:53.433 --> 43:55.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
This year has been particularly
hard with the virus.

43:55.933 --> 43:59.466 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
I haven't added as many plants
swaps as normal.

43:59.566 --> 44:01.800 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
But that's a good procedure,
if you're wanting to

44:01.900 --> 44:04.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
start your own plants, I know
a lot of times big box

44:04.933 --> 44:07.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
stores and local hardware
stores, you're kind of

44:07.600 --> 44:09.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
stuck with the varieties
they have there.

44:09.266 --> 44:12.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Some of those are pretty
good varieties actually

44:12.166 --> 44:14.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
If you kind of want
to get off the beaten

44:14.433 --> 44:16.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
path and grow more
heirloom type plants and

44:16.433 --> 44:19.400 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
whatnot. You know ordering
online seed catalogs is a good

44:19.500 --> 44:22.166 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
idea but you can
start a lot of plants in

44:22.266 --> 44:25.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
your home well just a
fluorescent light,

44:25.366 --> 44:28.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
shop once almost a lot of
people buying those many

44:28.666 --> 44:31.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
greenhouses are just hate
those things. You were talking

44:31.866 --> 44:35.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
about fire ants earlier.
That is a wonderful place for

44:35.700 --> 44:38.333 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
fire ants. and a lot of times
they're not temperature

44:38.433 --> 44:41.533 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
regulated. I'm not a big fan
of those.

44:41.633 --> 44:43.733 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
What you can do
is you can build a little

44:43.833 --> 44:47.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
stand and then you can go
to our store get a light

44:47.633 --> 44:51.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
house, just regular
fluorescent bulbs and get

44:51.566 --> 44:54.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
some seed starting mix
and some trays. And what

44:54.833 --> 44:57.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
you're gonna do is you're
gonna do, the lights are

44:57.600 --> 45:00.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
typically they'll have a
chain with them, if not

45:00.100 --> 45:02.866 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
you can buy a little chain.
You're gonna take a

45:02.966 --> 45:05.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
fluorescent light and you're
gonna put it right on top

45:05.666 --> 45:09.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
of the plant, over the
soil with your seed

45:09.700 --> 45:12.633 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
starter in it. As the plants
grow, you're just gonna

45:12.733 --> 45:15.666 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
keep it above them, maybe an
inch or so.

45:15.766 --> 45:18.366 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
What this does, is it keeps
the plant stocky and

45:18.466 --> 45:21.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
keeps them growing
towards the light versus put

45:21.366 --> 45:22.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
them in a window sill
where they

45:22.900 --> 45:26.000 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
tend to stretching and get
leggy. You may never really

45:26.100 --> 45:28.666 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
good strong healthy plant. Let
me stop you could just a

45:28.766 --> 45:32.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
minute. I have two questions.
Is a seed starting mix

45:32.533 --> 45:36.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
different from potting
soil? Absolutely.

45:36.366 --> 45:38.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Absolutely so potting
soils typically are

45:38.466 --> 45:41.666 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
heavier. And they're gonna
have slowly produced

45:41.766 --> 45:44.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
fertilizers in them and they
stay wetter. So you'll

45:44.333 --> 45:46.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
get a lot of damping
off or a lot of

45:46.966 --> 45:49.066 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
seedling diseases do if you use
potting soil because it

45:49.166 --> 45:52.933 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
stays that wet. All right.
The seed starting mixes

45:53.033 --> 45:54.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
typically there a lot
lighter. There's a lot

45:55.033 --> 45:57.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
more and then they don't
have the starter

45:57.400 --> 46:01.500 align:left position:0%,start line:93.33% size:100%
fertilizer. You're not gonna get

46:01.600 --> 46:03.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
as many of those users
because the pathogens are not

46:03.833 --> 46:05.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
gonna stick around
because he's not as wet.

46:05.600 --> 46:10.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
So that is that is a huge
factor in growing strong

46:10.400 --> 46:13.966 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
open transplant. And then,
the fluorescent light

46:14.066 --> 46:16.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
isn't going to get hot to
the touch who's not

46:16.266 --> 46:19.100 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
gonna burn is that why we're
using the fluorescent

46:19.200 --> 46:22.966 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
lights? Correct! Correct! And
you know they're cheap.

46:23.066 --> 46:25.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
You can pick them up anywhere.
But the key is keeping

46:25.600 --> 46:26.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
it right above the plant,

46:26.933 --> 46:30.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
not touching the plant.
But right above the plant.

46:30.766 --> 46:34.600 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Yeah right above the plant.
If the plant grows, move the

46:34.700 --> 46:37.533 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
light. When the plants reach/\
two or three true

46:37.633 --> 46:39.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
leaf stage, what I like
to do is put a best

46:39.866 --> 46:42.933 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
fan or house fan on em and
it kind of gets

46:43.033 --> 46:45.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
wiggle on them. What that'll do
is it really toughens

46:45.833 --> 46:49.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
them up and gets them ready to
go outside to plant.

46:49.533 --> 46:53.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Okay so that that's a key
and then the last two

46:53.966 --> 46:56.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
is the start taking them
outside when you get

46:56.733 --> 46:59.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
closer to planting them.
Take them outside for a few

46:59.833 --> 47:03.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
hours and then bring it
back in.

47:03.266 --> 47:04.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
You increase that time spending
outside and

47:04.933 --> 47:07.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
this is called hardening off. So
once you harden off those

47:07.866 --> 47:10.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
plants, set them in a
garden, they're gonna grow

47:10.833 --> 47:13.600 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
like crazy. So that's kind
of like in the old days

47:13.700 --> 47:15.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
before you realized that
you should not be

47:15.433 --> 47:18.133 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
any kind of sun tan at all,
people would start off

47:18.233 --> 47:20.900 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
slowly getting the tan and then
staying a bit longer.

47:21.000 --> 47:25.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Is that right correct?
Correct. Same thought process

47:26.033 --> 47:27.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Okay. But the fan you
just want to

47:28.033 --> 47:30.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
have it moving very slightly.
You don't want to dry them out

47:30.600 --> 47:33.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
or anything, just very
gentle fan. Correct.

47:33.166 --> 47:35.633 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
Correct. You
just to kind of move like

47:35.733 --> 47:40.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
this way a little bit.
What it's

47:40.700 --> 47:42.900 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
gonna do is put a lot of
carbohydrates and sugars

47:43.000 --> 47:46.166 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
and things they're making in
the stem or trunk of a plant.

47:46.266 --> 47:49.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
And the stem is a little woody
be almost like a little

47:49.666 --> 47:53.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
twig. That's when you
know the plants ready

47:53.533 --> 47:56.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to go out in the field.
All righty. Thank you so

47:56.133 --> 47:58.566 align:left position:0%,start line:93.33% size:100%
much. Greenwood, South Carolina

47:58.666 --> 48:02.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
has beautiful gardens all
over town. One that's

48:02.366 --> 48:03.933 align:left position:25%,start line:93.33% size:75%
a favorite was a

48:04.033 --> 48:07.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
pollinator garden. And
they also use that as a

48:07.533 --> 48:11.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
research station. Rusty
Wilson is a citizen

48:11.500 --> 48:14.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
scientist. And he's going
to explain how he

48:14.400 --> 48:19.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
documents and takes lots
are numerical factors about,

48:19.333 --> 48:21.733 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
gets a lot of
numerical data about the

48:21.833 --> 48:24.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
monarchs that they
attract at that garden.

48:38.166 --> 48:40.400 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
I'm in downtown Greenwood,
South Carolina speaking

48:40.500 --> 48:42.933 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
with Rusty Wilson who is a
Clemson Master Gardener

48:43.033 --> 48:46.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and also a citizen
scientist. And we're in a

48:46.100 --> 48:48.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
beautiful and kind of
unusual garden for a

48:48.766 --> 48:52.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
downtown city. Yes ma'am.
This is the Greenwood

48:52.366 --> 48:55.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
County Veterans Center
Pollinator Garden. It's a

48:55.200 --> 48:58.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:0% size:87.5%
pollinator garden because
flowers have been planted

48:58.200 --> 49:01.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to attract pollinators
such as bees, butterflies

49:01.300 --> 49:04.233 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
and things of that nature.
It is also been

49:04.333 --> 49:08.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
designated a monarch
waystation because the

49:08.300 --> 49:12.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
monarchs that migrate
between Canada and the

49:12.233 --> 49:14.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
northern part of the
United States will come

49:14.933 --> 49:18.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
through here on their way
to Mexico and back again.

49:18.633 --> 49:21.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And this is a waystation
for them to stock to

49:21.933 --> 49:25.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
nectar and lay eggs.
And so you plant specific

49:25.966 --> 49:28.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
plants for the eggs
to be laid on, the

49:28.833 --> 49:32.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
larvae to eat, I believe.
Yes, that would

49:32.100 --> 49:34.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
be the milk weed. The
milkweed is planted for

49:34.833 --> 49:38.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the monarch butterflies
for that reason. And I'm

49:38.766 --> 49:42.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
involved in a citizen
science project

49:42.533 --> 49:45.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
for the monarch larva
monitoring project which

49:45.866 --> 49:48.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
is a citizen science
project sponsored by the

49:48.933 --> 49:52.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
University of Minnesota.
And what I do is I count

49:52.300 --> 49:55.066 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
all of the milkweed in the
garden.

49:55.166 --> 49:58.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Yes. And as I'm counting
the milkweed, I'm also

49:58.733 --> 50:01.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
counting all of the
butterflies that I see.

50:01.433 --> 50:03.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And when I'm counting the
butterflies I'm

50:03.600 --> 50:07.100 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
talking about all of the stages
of the monarch butterfly

50:07.200 --> 50:10.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
life cycle, after which I
will report that to the

50:10.966 --> 50:15.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
monarch larva monitoring
project lab website. And what

50:15.866 --> 50:19.233 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
are the stages?
Well, there's the egg.

50:19.333 --> 50:21.700 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
Yes. The egg
hatches into a larva

50:21.800 --> 50:25.000 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
also known as a
caterpillar. And that

50:25.100 --> 50:29.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
larva will shed its skin
several times. And each

50:29.500 --> 50:32.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
time it shed its skin,
it's in a different stage.

50:32.766 --> 50:36.866 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
It's called an instar. It has
five instars in

50:36.966 --> 50:41.133 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
that larval
stage, after which it will

50:41.233 --> 50:43.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
go. It will pupate,
which means it will

50:43.900 --> 50:48.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
spend a chrysalis,
which will encompass the

50:48.800 --> 50:53.133 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
the insect. And while it's
pupating, it will

50:53.233 --> 50:57.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
transform into an adult.
When it transforms into

50:57.333 --> 51:01.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
an adult, it will after
about one to two weeks, it

51:01.466 --> 51:06.000 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
will emerge as an
adult and it will

51:06.100 --> 51:10.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
fly south presumably. And
you say they come through

51:10.500 --> 51:12.766 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
sporadically, but
basically two times of

51:12.866 --> 51:17.600 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
the year. The Fall and the
Spring. And so perhaps in

51:17.700 --> 51:22.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the Spring they're going
from their Winter home

51:22.166 --> 51:26.133 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
towards the north? Yes. And
then in the Fall,

51:26.233 --> 51:29.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
coming back down. And you
said that there's not a -

51:29.433 --> 51:30.833 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
we're trying to
figure out where

51:30.933 --> 51:33.833 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
they're concentrated so that we
can be more mindful of

51:33.933 --> 51:35.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
protecting them. Is that
one of the reasons

51:35.800 --> 51:38.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to collect this data? And
find out where they are

51:38.333 --> 51:41.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
actually in the country?
Yeah this status is to

51:41.866 --> 51:44.566 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
help us to
get more knowledge about

51:44.666 --> 51:46.866 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
the butterfly
distribution and

51:46.966 --> 51:50.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
abundance. And hopefully
with that knowledge, we

51:50.233 --> 51:53.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
can inform and inspire
people to take butterfly

51:53.833 --> 51:56.500 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
conservation more seriously.
I've asked you if you

51:56.600 --> 51:58.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
had to change your
eyeglass prescription

51:58.400 --> 52:00.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
because you took me
around to show me how

52:00.733 --> 52:03.933 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
you look for things. And these
are very small. And you

52:04.033 --> 52:06.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
have to look under every
leaf in a long cases.

52:06.966 --> 52:10.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
I'm looking at each leaf. When
a monarch lays its eggs

52:10.533 --> 52:13.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
more often than not, it's
going to lay its

52:13.100 --> 52:15.600 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
eggs underneath the leaf.
So I'm having to look

52:15.700 --> 52:19.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
underneath the leaves to
find the eggs. Also many

52:19.966 --> 52:22.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
of the larval stages are
going to be

52:22.400 --> 52:24.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
underneath the leaves. The thing
is that's not exclusive,

52:24.866 --> 52:28.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
because I have found some
eggs laid on top and some

52:28.966 --> 52:32.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
larval on top. Well, I
wanna to thank you for a

52:32.833 --> 52:36.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
very time consuming but
important part of the

52:36.133 --> 52:39.600 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
research that's going to try
to help us understand how

52:39.700 --> 52:43.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
better to keep this
beautiful insect as part

52:43.100 --> 52:46.133 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
of our natural
surroundings. Thank you.

52:47.766 --> 52:56.566 align:left position:50%,start line:93.33% size:50%
♪

52:56.666 --> 53:00.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
Rusty Wilson has amazing

53:00.133 --> 53:02.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
knowledge and ability to
spot things.

53:02.833 --> 53:06.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
We were really impressed and
he has been invaluable to

53:06.833 --> 53:10.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the city chamber in
providing information to

53:10.333 --> 53:14.666 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
the monarch alliance. Terasa,
we have about two and a half

53:14.766 --> 53:17.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
minutes left is there
something Laura Lee maybe

53:17.733 --> 53:21.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
can help us with in that
amount of time?

53:21.533 --> 53:24.600 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
I think so. A viewer is having
trouble with her palm

53:24.700 --> 53:26.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
trees saying they just
don't look as healthy as

53:27.066 --> 53:30.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
they used to. She's seen
fertilizer that says

53:30.466 --> 53:33.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
it specially made for
palms. And she wants to know

53:33.733 --> 53:35.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
should she use that.

53:35.766 --> 53:38.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Laura Lee people package
things up in

53:38.633 --> 53:42.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
lots of different ways.
Is this a good

53:42.333 --> 53:45.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
way to do it or should
we kind of be like those

53:45.566 --> 53:49.100 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
Clemson Extension people and say
go do a soil test.

53:50.700 --> 53:55.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
There are some nutritional
deficiencies

53:55.533 --> 53:57.233 align:left position:0%,start line:93.33% size:100%
that affect palm trees. So the

53:57.333 --> 54:01.666 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
soil test does take the guess
work out but the

54:01.766 --> 54:05.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
symptomatic problems,
you'll see certain called

54:05.433 --> 54:12.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
from frizzle or you'll
see yellowing leaves on the

54:12.933 --> 54:16.666 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
old or you may see problems
with the new growth.

54:16.766 --> 54:22.200 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
But the soil test will really
take that guess work out.

54:22.300 --> 54:26.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
- and magnesium and
potassium are all

54:27.066 --> 54:30.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
really important for the growth
of healthy palm trees.

54:30.866 --> 54:33.766 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
So palm fertilizer is better
than no fertilizer. Okay! So if

54:33.866 --> 54:35.500 align:left position:0%,start line:93.33% size:100%
that's all you can manage.

54:35.600 --> 54:37.366 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
But just do
follow the directions and

54:37.466 --> 54:41.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
don't over-fertilize.
Correct!. And I think the same

54:41.800 --> 54:45.733 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
thing goes with
watering too. People

54:45.833 --> 54:48.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
really should have a rain
gauge. And what do they

54:48.200 --> 54:50.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
think about an inch a
week is about

54:50.466 --> 54:56.166 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
normal, Laura Lee? - plants with
new transplants you give

54:56.266 --> 54:59.900 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
a little more but
and using native plants

55:00.000 --> 55:03.566 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
that are drought tolerant.
And I'm although we know

55:03.666 --> 55:05.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
fall is the best time to
plant, a lot of

55:05.900 --> 55:08.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
people just can't resist
bringing things home now.

55:08.566 --> 55:10.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
And they will have to
supply supplemental

55:10.800 --> 55:12.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
irrigation. And if you
don't have tree bags

55:13.033 --> 55:16.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Laura Lee, sometimes I've
just gotten a five gallon

55:16.200 --> 55:18.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
buckets and drew a little
hole or two in

55:18.333 --> 55:21.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
the bottom. And then
it may

55:21.566 --> 55:24.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
not be attractive but
it's better than a dead plant.

55:24.233 --> 55:29.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
What do you think?
Yes. Small holes seep out

55:29.466 --> 55:32.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
over time. And then you
know how much water you

55:32.500 --> 55:35.433 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
actually delivered to the plant.
Well I think I'm gonna

55:35.533 --> 55:37.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
have to stop you there
and say thanks to each

55:37.766 --> 55:41.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
and every one of you for
answering questions and

55:41.266 --> 55:43.400 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
give information to our
viewers tonight. Thank you

55:43.500 --> 55:46.100 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
and thank you all for watching.
We'll be with you again

55:46.200 --> 55:48.733 align:left position:0%,start line:86.67% size:100%
next week. We'll have more
beautiful gardens, more

55:48.833 --> 55:52.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
answers to questions. And
I hope you enjoy the evening.

55:52.233 --> 55:53.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:93.33% size:87.5%
Night. Night. everybody.

55:53.600 --> 56:06.366 align:left position:50%,start line:93.33% size:50%
♪

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Making it Grow is brought

56:07.833 --> 56:10.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
to you in part by the
South Carolina Department

56:10.566 --> 56:13.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
of Agriculture. Certified
South Carolina grown

56:13.733 --> 56:17.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
helps consumers identify
find and buy South

56:17.133 --> 56:20.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Carolina products. McLeod
Farms in McBee

56:20.566 --> 56:23.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
South Carolina. This
family farm offers

56:23.533 --> 56:25.966 align:left position:25%,start line:86.67% size:75%
seasonal produce
including over 22

56:26.066 --> 56:29.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
varieties of peaches.
Additional funding

56:29.333 --> 56:32.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
provided by International
Paper and the South

56:32.600 --> 56:34.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:86.67% size:87.5%
Carolina Farm Bureau
Federation and Farm

56:34.966 --> 56:36.233 align:left position:25%,start line:93.33% size:75%
Bureau Insurance.