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Making it Grow is brought to you

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in part by the South Carolina 
Department of Agriculture.

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Certified South Carolina grown 
helps consumers identify

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find and buy South 
Carolina products.

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McLeod Farms in McBee 
South Carolina.

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This family farm offers 
seasonal produce,

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including over 22 
varieties of peaches.

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Additional funding 
provided by International

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Paper and the South 
Carolina Farm Bureau

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Federation and Farm 
Bureau Insurance.

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♪

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Well, hello and welcome to 
Making it Grow.

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We're so glad you could join us 
on this Tuesday night.

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Things are different but 
we are really working

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hard all the crew here 
in Sumter to bring you

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shows and we so 
appreciate our agents out

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in the field. Everyone's 
you know we're nobody's

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back in the office but 
everybody's being so

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kind in helping us and we 
really appreciate that.

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I'm Amanda McNulty and 
I've worked with

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Clemson Extension and get to 
learn from all these

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super bright agents who 
come and share their

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expertise with us. 
And I'm gonna

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to start with Zack Snipes who's 
down there at the Coastal Rec

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down in Charleston doing fruit 
and vegetable work, particularly

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to try to help our 
growers down there.

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I'm wondering if that's 
somebody who

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is a specialist who's been 
trained to sniff out

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certain diseases in tomatoes, 
that your holding Zack.

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Yeah. Disease sniffing dog, 
I think is going to be the new

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vegetable specialist. But 
yeah, I'm out in the field two

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to three days a week with 
growers and doing research.

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The other day, I 
got my new, with this whole

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COVID thing, I got my new co- 
worker here. So she keeps

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me entertained. 
And what is her name?

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Lexi. Lexi. Well, Hey 
Lexi. She looks mighty

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sweet. And she looks like 
she's got - She is a good

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choice for now because 
she doesn't look

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like she's the 
kind of dog that

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needs a hair cut very 
frequently. Oh no.

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Well, thanks Zack. Now 
we're gonna go over the

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Beaufort where my friend 
Laura Lee Rose is and

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Laura Lee has affinity for 
flowers. She loves.

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And is an expert 
on all sorts of native flowers.

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And then sometimes she just 
gives them the things that

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are pure tea beautiful. So what 
I got for us Laura Lee?

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Well, I've got my 
blush rose here, which

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is not very fragrant but it 
does have beautiful open

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centers and lots of pollen 
for my bee friends.

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And then I've got a 
variety of salvia here

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called purple majesty. 
Which is very florific and

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also they're tubular flowers 
that are good for your

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pollinator friends. 
So that's a variety of

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salvia that's 
relatively new and you would

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recommend that we try to 
find one? Yeah I think it

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four years of indigo spires for 
a long time and indigo spires

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while it's a beautiful plant 
it doesn't have the spring

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purple color. (laughs) 
That is pretty.

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And I've got some red 
honeysuckle. I don't know

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if you can see that or not. 
And that's our native

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honeysuckle, Laura Lee? 
...honeysuckle. Probably

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Alabama Crimson. Although, 
it was grown by one of our

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master gardeners who been a 
great propagator of honeysuckle.

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Well, that's wonderful and 
if you've got - (laughs)

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And I'm gonna 
next time we finally get

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to see each other, I'll 
get you to share that

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cultivar of honeysuckle 
because some of them tend

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to get powdered mildew and I 
have that problem with mine.

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I bet yours is being selective, 
not to have so much trouble

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with that. I never have seen 
that on here. That's wonderful.

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Okay. Well, Terasa Lott is 
stationed in Darlington now.

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And she still has an 
affinity for all things

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related to caring for 
the water quality of our

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state as we all should. But, 
now she's taken on the

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responsibility for being 
the master gardener

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coordinator. And she also 
is kind enough to help us out at

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Making It Grow. Terasa I hope 
things are

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going well over there and 
Darlington is just

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puttering along as usual. 
Things are going well.

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Although, slow in terms of 
hoping to re-open our

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doors to the public one day.

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But, still remind everyone 
that all the services

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extension really are 
still available just through the

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use of different methods or 
using technology, so our

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phones will still ring. 
We can receive emails.

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Sometimes we can use 
technology like Skype or

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ZOOM to do a virtual visit to 
someone's yard. So we are

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still here and still 
working for you.

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Terasa are there ways to get 
soil test results, still?

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There are definitely. 
So, people can mail the

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samples directly to the 
agricultural service lab.

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There are instructions on 
the #*X

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service lab website. 
I'll be sure to

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post those on our 
Facebook page. So, really

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just everything that you could 
normally do is still available

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now. Well good and one 
thing that we love that you

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normally do for us is to 
share some photographs

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that our viewers send in. 
I think you said you

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have kinda a special treat for 
today. We do. This is a little

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bit different spin on our 
gardens of the week

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because it's just one 
singular garden. And that is

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of Dennis Gordon, Dennis 
is the step dad to

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Sean Flynn, our Producer/ 
Director for Making It

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Grow. So, let's take a look 
at his Sean described it

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as his patio garden. 
So we have a few photos

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submitted by his wife Cindy. 
We have to give her

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credit for being the 
photographer. And you'll

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see we have a few garden 
beds he shares and

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some close up photographs 
as well. So it appears

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that Dennis is quite the 
gardener. I'm going to

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interrupt you for just a 
minute and say

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that Sean's mother has about 
the sweetest disposition of

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anybody I know. And 
that's probably why

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he can put up with me. So 
hats off to you

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Cindy for raising such a 
fine young man who

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occasionally rolls his 
eyes, but it is

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very patient and tolerant 
with me. I didn't mean to

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interrupt you, I just 
think she

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should have a special shout out. 
Definitely.

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It's always good to give 
her a shout out. So it was

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really fun to see Dennis' 
photographs. And I think

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it might have inspired me. 
We've been talking

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about adding some extra 
vegetable beds to our

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backyard area. So this 
might just give me that

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push I need to get going. 
Or perhaps I should

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say that my husband needs, 
because I'm lucky he does

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most of the physical 
labor for the ideas that

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I want to put into place. 
I think you're very

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fortunate to be. 
Alright well thank you

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so much for sharing this 
with us Terasa

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and thank you Dennis for 
submitting in to us and

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doing all that wonderful 
work around y'all's house.

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Teresa, people can post 
questions on Facebook and

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and often you ask 
questions even during the

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Tuesday nights, when the 
show is streaming live on

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Facebook. And you have 
some is the one that

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Laura Lee could start out 
with helping us with tonight.

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There sure is. So, 
composting is a way that

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we can turn our trash 
into treasure is what I

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like to say. Things that we 
might normally send to the

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landfill, we can 
use them to our benefit and

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our gardens and 
landscapes. So one of

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our viewers asked about 
vermi compost. So a special

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type of composting where we put 
worms into action. So Laura Lee

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can you give our viewer some 
tips on what is it? How do we

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get started. Tips and things to 
avoid. We have a co-worker

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in the Florence office who's 
been vermi composting right

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in the office beside hers. Worm 
composting is a very interesting

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hobby. And I know some people 
might want to even

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take it further but you can 
order the worm. You can order

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lots of supplies online. 
There are many avenues

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for doing that. You 
do know there are

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worms are red wigglers. 
They are tropical worms.

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So they don't want to be too 
hot. They don't

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want to be too cold. So, indoors 
is really a good place

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to have em. I've got em,

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at my house, I've got em out on 
the front porch.

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But, they're very well shaded by 
a big tree. The main thing to

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avoid, you don't want use 
meat or dairy or as some

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people would even say 
not too much citrus for

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the worms and then

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one of the tips that I 
heard a few weeks ago,

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was that you should 
just feed them once a week.

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Lift up the leg 
and the herd that's

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there hasn't been eaten up but 
you don't want to be

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overfeeding em. Then 
you can have trouble with our

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whole supply larva and 
other things that you don't

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really want. 
But the bedding is just as

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simple as maybe the 
shredded paper from your office,

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the newspaper as you can 
clear out newspaper

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and that's about it.

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weird, worms and things. 
Sometimes I have a bin.

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And Laura Lee, what do you 
do with

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what you get? 
That's right. So the compost

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that you - the 
worms are top feeders.

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They are going to the top.

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So you can actually take some 
of your bottom trays

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or you can separate worms 
out by hand, and take the

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compost, you can make compost 
tea of it

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by just putting it in a 
bucket and watering your

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plants with that compost tea. 
And you can use the compost

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as you would any compost 
around your plants, house

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plants, vegetables what have 
you. Right. Well, Laura Lee,

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Thank you and that sounds like 
something if your

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children would be a fun 
thing to start doing this

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summer because - Right. It's 
a great classroom activity

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for young children or 
really anybody.

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Thank you so much. Thanks 
for telling us all about

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worms that was fun. Okay. 
Alrighty.

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Terasa, 
I think we've got a

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vegetable expert here. 
You've got something Zack

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might be able to shed 
some light on please?

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Indeed, I do. You know this 
person sounded very

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desperate. He said the 
deer are eating my plants

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in the gardens faster 
than the poor plants can

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grow. Help!, with an 
exclamation point.

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Deer can be a tremendous 
problem, very healthy appetite.

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Zack, what can be done? 
Well, so what I would

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recommend is put up 
some sort of fence.

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Then you go to Laura 
Lee's house

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and get you some worms. And then 
you go

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fishing and not worry about it. 
What we've done at

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Clemson and what a lot of 
small farms are doing

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that I work on, is 
that they have a small

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garden or area that's 
blocked off

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for a garden area. You can 
put up some fencing and

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like the hog kennel 
type fencing that's

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eight or ten feet high. 
You could put that

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up but it's very expensive 
to put it up. So an

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alternate what we've done, and 
it's worked really

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is poly-tape. 
And you can buy it at

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your big box stores or 
you know any farm and

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garden stores. And typically 
it's an inch to an inch and a

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half plastic. Fence tape 
is typically used on horse

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pastures but it's impregnated 
with metal. And so if you put

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two of those fences up and 
put one on the outside

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and you want to put a 
strand up about

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18 inches or two foot. And 
then you offset the second fence

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and you want to put a strand 
up about three foot

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and then another one up at 
about ten or

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twelve feet tall. And then 
you're going to hook that

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up to an electric solar charger. 
You're gonna put

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electricity on the fence. 
And what it does is it

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really messes with the deer's 
depth perception. They could

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easily step over the fence 
and then go under

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the second one. But they 
don't have really

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good depth perception because 
they're herbivores and they

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aren't sure how tall and wide 
the fence is and it flickers

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in the wind. So typically, they 
won't go up to the fence

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to try to jump over it. 
If they do up to the fence

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then they're given a 
little shock, which

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00:13:34,533 --> 00:13:37,500
doesn't hurt them. It just 
scares them and keeps them out.

233
00:13:37,600 --> 00:13:41,566
Anyone using this, I highly

234
00:13:41,666 --> 00:13:44,833
recommended that you put the 
fence up before you start

235
00:13:44,933 --> 00:13:47,933
working the ground to plant your 
garden. Once deer have

236
00:13:48,033 --> 00:13:50,833
established a feeding behavior, 
once they know you have some

237
00:13:50,933 --> 00:13:52,466
you know succulent 
strawberries or

238
00:13:52,566 --> 00:13:54,466
blueberries or whatever 
in there. They're going to

239
00:13:54,566 --> 00:13:57,666
continue on that feeding pattern 
no matter what you do.

240
00:13:57,766 --> 00:14:00,466
So, put it up before the deer 
starts feeding.

241
00:14:00,566 --> 00:14:03,766
Well, that's fascinating. I 
have a kind of old

242
00:14:03,866 --> 00:14:07,366
fashioned electric fence where 
we've got these

243
00:14:07,466 --> 00:14:11,233
poles that we stepped and put 
in the ground and had two

244
00:14:11,333 --> 00:14:13,633
wires on. It's been a 
little bit of trouble

245
00:14:13,733 --> 00:14:16,433
to tell you the truth. 
But it has been very

246
00:14:16,533 --> 00:14:19,800
effective, But this sounds 
a lot easier to me to use.

247
00:14:19,900 --> 00:14:22,433
And the solar panel 
just sounds wonderful.

248
00:14:22,533 --> 00:14:26,333
I had to have somebody come 
and run a long line out.

249
00:14:26,433 --> 00:14:28,900
So, this is really, 
really fascinating. Thank

250
00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:31,566
you so much Zack for telling us 
about that. Yes ma'am.

251
00:14:31,666 --> 00:14:35,300
There's a fact sheet on the HGIC 
website on how to

252
00:14:35,400 --> 00:14:37,533
establish the fence and 
the cost and all

253
00:14:37,633 --> 00:14:39,933
that sort of thing. So, 
that's a really good

254
00:14:40,033 --> 00:14:42,666
resource for anybody that 
has a dedicated garden area.

255
00:14:42,766 --> 00:14:44,400
and wants to put 
up a deer fence.

256
00:14:44,500 --> 00:14:46,466
So what's the name again 
that we would

257
00:14:46,566 --> 00:14:50,100
search for to look for Clemson 
HGIC. Yes, ma'am. You can

258
00:14:50,200 --> 00:14:52,800
just type in, once you get 
to the website type in

259
00:14:52,900 --> 00:14:54,900
deer management or if you 
wanted to get

260
00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:58,766
specific, you can type in two 
tiered fencing system for deer

261
00:14:58,866 --> 00:15:03,333
management. Okay. Thank you 
so much. The last

262
00:15:03,433 --> 00:15:05,333
time we can be 
we have a very

263
00:15:05,433 --> 00:15:08,633
interesting conversation with 
our entomologist and

264
00:15:08,733 --> 00:15:10,166
specialist Dr JC

265
00:15:10,266 --> 00:15:14,266
Chong and he was talking 
about the very complex

266
00:15:14,366 --> 00:15:18,133
topic of neonicotinoids and 
the words in information

267
00:15:18,233 --> 00:15:20,666
he found out in his research. 
And he's gonna continue

268
00:15:20,766 --> 00:15:23,966
sharing some information with us 
now. So let's go over to the

269
00:15:24,066 --> 00:15:27,900
to the Florence Pee Dee Rec 
and talk to Dr. JC Chong.

270
00:15:30,666 --> 00:15:33,366
I'm speaking today with David JC 
Chong.

271
00:15:33,466 --> 00:15:37,400
JC is a professor and 
extension specialist.

272
00:15:37,500 --> 00:15:42,133
His field is entomology 
and his home base is the

273
00:15:42,233 --> 00:15:45,400
Pee Dee Rec over in Florence. 
JC thank you for

274
00:15:45,500 --> 00:15:48,000
talking with me today. 
Well, great talking to you

275
00:15:48,100 --> 00:15:51,733
again Amanda. 
And we spoke earlier

276
00:15:51,833 --> 00:15:55,633
about 
a really hot topic. I know

277
00:15:55,733 --> 00:15:57,433
master gardeners and 
people are just the

278
00:15:57,533 --> 00:16:00,633
public in general 
got really excited about

279
00:16:00,733 --> 00:16:04,166
the pesticides that come 
under the label of

280
00:16:04,266 --> 00:16:08,066
neonicotinoids because of 
an improper use of them

281
00:16:08,166 --> 00:16:11,500
that killed a lot of bees 
that are one time

282
00:16:11,600 --> 00:16:16,666
and so everybody got all 
excited about it.

283
00:16:16,766 --> 00:16:22,533
Again, our job is to use 
science to make decisions.

284
00:16:22,633 --> 00:16:25,333
And so that's what we're 
coming to you.

285
00:16:25,433 --> 00:16:28,000
Earlier we talked about 
the fascinating research

286
00:16:28,100 --> 00:16:31,966
you and other 
research facilities did

287
00:16:32,066 --> 00:16:36,000
and how much the 
plants that we go to the

288
00:16:36,100 --> 00:16:38,766
store in the Spring when we 
get excited about you

289
00:16:38,866 --> 00:16:41,266
know the ornamental the 
ornamentals and herbaceous

290
00:16:41,366 --> 00:16:44,266
perennials that we put 
out, how many of those

291
00:16:44,366 --> 00:16:46,800
were attracted to 
pollinators and had

292
00:16:46,900 --> 00:16:49,233
neonicotinoids. And 
people can find that

293
00:16:49,333 --> 00:16:52,433
if they go to the earlier 
podcast. But that's a

294
00:16:52,533 --> 00:16:57,066
smaller use compared to 
other uses of neonicotinoids.

295
00:16:57,166 --> 00:16:59,166
So let's talk about 
how it's used

296
00:16:59,266 --> 00:17:02,333
in other parts of the 
agricultural industry.

297
00:17:02,433 --> 00:17:05,600
Maybe beginning with 
just our field crops

298
00:17:05,700 --> 00:17:11,433
perhaps. Sure. Neonicotinoids 
what is one of the major

299
00:17:11,533 --> 00:17:13,800
product every year when 
you inspect site that

300
00:17:13,900 --> 00:17:17,233
we use in agriculture. 
And just about any kind

301
00:17:17,333 --> 00:17:19,266
of product that you're 
seeing out there doesn't

302
00:17:19,366 --> 00:17:23,000
matter it's soybean 
or cotton or corn.

303
00:17:23,100 --> 00:17:26,833
Some of them has been 
treated with

304
00:17:26,933 --> 00:17:28,366
neonicotinoids. So the 
treatment for neonicotinoids

305
00:17:28,466 --> 00:17:31,100
in a field crop 
would take the form of

306
00:17:31,200 --> 00:17:34,800
either spraying directly 
on the plant itself to kill

307
00:17:34,900 --> 00:17:38,133
the insects that are feeding 
on them or they can be

308
00:17:38,233 --> 00:17:40,933
seep coated on the 
seep is in the

309
00:17:41,033 --> 00:17:44,466
ground so that when the 
seedlings are germinating

310
00:17:44,566 --> 00:17:48,133
there's already insecticide 
around it to protect it from

311
00:17:48,233 --> 00:17:51,900
insects that are in the soil. 
It might be feeding on them.

312
00:17:52,000 --> 00:17:54,100
And does it also 
gives the little seedling

313
00:17:54,200 --> 00:17:57,333
itself some protection 
from insects that

314
00:17:57,433 --> 00:18:00,900
are in the air? 
Sure and some of them

315
00:18:01,000 --> 00:18:03,366
because neonicotinoids 
are a standing insecticide.

316
00:18:03,466 --> 00:18:05,233
So if you have a 
little bit of

317
00:18:05,333 --> 00:18:08,066
seed coating on the outside, 
the active ingredient can

318
00:18:08,166 --> 00:18:10,966
also be absorbed by the 
root of the seedling

319
00:18:11,066 --> 00:18:14,766
and bring it up to the 
leaves or protect them

320
00:18:14,866 --> 00:18:18,966
from some of the 
early seedling pests.

321
00:18:19,066 --> 00:18:22,500
JC depending upon what part of 
the country you're in,

322
00:18:22,600 --> 00:18:27,300
your soil types 
can even be a factor.

323
00:18:27,400 --> 00:18:32,033
There may or may not be 
a threat to your

324
00:18:32,133 --> 00:18:37,033
seeds from soil wire 
worms and things like that.

325
00:18:37,133 --> 00:18:41,433
But I believe that 
most of the product, most

326
00:18:41,533 --> 00:18:44,133
of the seats are just 
created because - is

327
00:18:44,233 --> 00:18:47,666
it just easier I mean 
it's so hard to stop

328
00:18:47,766 --> 00:18:50,333
you're assembly line and 
clean them. So even if you

329
00:18:50,433 --> 00:18:52,733
don't need it in a particular 
area, are you

330
00:18:52,833 --> 00:18:55,900
likely to receive 
seed that has been

331
00:18:56,000 --> 00:18:59,133
coated? 
Yes. It's pretty likely

332
00:18:59,233 --> 00:19:01,533
that your seed will be 
either coated with

333
00:19:01,633 --> 00:19:05,200
a insecticide or fungicide.

334
00:19:05,300 --> 00:19:08,200
So like you said a lot of 
time it's the assembly line.

335
00:19:08,300 --> 00:19:10,900
It's a lot easier 
for them to go and do it

336
00:19:11,000 --> 00:19:14,000
for everybody doesn't matter 
where they settle in the seed

337
00:19:14,100 --> 00:19:17,433
to actually stop that assembly 
line and say okay, 'We are

338
00:19:17,533 --> 00:19:20,000
producing seed now let's stop.' 
We don't need the

339
00:19:20,100 --> 00:19:23,533
coating. Let's not do the 
coating. That usually doesn't

340
00:19:23,633 --> 00:19:26,933
happen. 
So and you said

341
00:19:27,033 --> 00:19:30,433
that's just I mean the tonnages 
is large,

342
00:19:30,533 --> 00:19:32,966
the amount. 
Absolutely, so the seed

343
00:19:33,066 --> 00:19:36,733
coating itself, 
about ten years ago.

344
00:19:36,833 --> 00:19:39,833
We were using about two 
million kilos of neonicotinoids.

345
00:19:39,933 --> 00:19:43,533
just on coating seed. 
And that's a

346
00:19:43,633 --> 00:19:46,700
huge amount of insecticide. 
Now since it's water

347
00:19:46,800 --> 00:19:50,500
soluble, do they worry 
about it being in the

348
00:19:50,600 --> 00:19:54,666
water supply. 
There's always the risk

349
00:19:54,766 --> 00:19:57,700
of them being in the 
water supply but the

350
00:19:57,800 --> 00:20:00,633
amount of insecticide on the 
seed coating side is pretty

351
00:20:00,733 --> 00:20:03,800
minute but that's not a 
whole lot of chemical in

352
00:20:03,900 --> 00:20:06,933
there directly. And 
also a lot of time they will

353
00:20:07,033 --> 00:20:09,733
also stay in the soil a lot 
better than just

354
00:20:09,833 --> 00:20:13,166
penetrating fluidly. 
Oh good. So they're not

355
00:20:13,266 --> 00:20:15,266
horribly soluble I mean 
they're going to tend

356
00:20:15,366 --> 00:20:17,333
to stay there. They 
are pretty

357
00:20:17,433 --> 00:20:21,600
soluble but you can 
stay in the soil. Okay

358
00:20:21,700 --> 00:20:25,566
but it is a

359
00:20:25,666 --> 00:20:28,466
improvement 
in some ways over some of

360
00:20:28,566 --> 00:20:31,366
the previous products 
that were available, even

361
00:20:31,466 --> 00:20:35,333
though it has its own set 
of problems, it has less

362
00:20:35,433 --> 00:20:38,800
toxicity in certain ways 
than former products that

363
00:20:38,900 --> 00:20:42,033
were used. Is that correct? 
Absolutely and in fact

364
00:20:42,133 --> 00:20:45,900
neonicotinoids was developed 
to really get

365
00:20:46,000 --> 00:20:50,200
around the high 
toxicity issues of the

366
00:20:50,300 --> 00:20:56,133
nicotine or the high organic 
phosphate insecticide.

367
00:20:56,233 --> 00:20:59,966
So if you just compare the 
amount of the insecticide being

368
00:21:00,066 --> 00:21:03,033
used to 50 years ago. What we 
are now using is much

369
00:21:03,133 --> 00:21:06,900
less than what were using 
50 years ago.

370
00:21:07,000 --> 00:21:10,400
So, that's definitely a benefit 
of using something new.

371
00:21:10,500 --> 00:21:14,233
So those are causes to be 
glad that we have these

372
00:21:14,333 --> 00:21:17,666
new products coming on 
but people

373
00:21:17,766 --> 00:21:20,800
seem to be so worried. The 
the pollinator situation

374
00:21:20,900 --> 00:21:25,600
seems to be so much in 
people's minds and

375
00:21:25,700 --> 00:21:28,100
because of that one 
terrible incident,

376
00:21:28,200 --> 00:21:32,166
people worried that it's 
gonna work add onto the

377
00:21:32,266 --> 00:21:35,666
problem. I always sort 
of joke when I get

378
00:21:35,766 --> 00:21:39,033
to follow an essay. The 
neonicotinoids isn't an

379
00:21:39,133 --> 00:21:40,466
insecticide and pollinators 
are an insecticide.

380
00:21:40,566 --> 00:21:45,500
When you put 
one and one together

381
00:21:45,600 --> 00:21:50,166
of course, that's something bad 
is going to happen.

382
00:21:50,266 --> 00:21:55,066
So, neonicotinoids have 
inherent danger or risks to the

383
00:21:55,166 --> 00:21:57,700
pollinator. There's no doubt 
about that. So, you

384
00:21:57,800 --> 00:22:00,466
actually avoid that kind of 
danger when you can be thinking

385
00:22:00,566 --> 00:22:04,000
another way that people can 
use that product more

386
00:22:04,100 --> 00:22:06,533
safely and more 
effectively so we can

387
00:22:06,633 --> 00:22:09,833
actually avoid that kind of 
risk. So we can control the pest

388
00:22:09,933 --> 00:22:13,033
while not hurting our 
pollinators, I can say.

389
00:22:13,133 --> 00:22:14,466
And that has to do with

390
00:22:14,566 --> 00:22:18,266
sometimes timing. 
It has a lot to do with

391
00:22:18,366 --> 00:22:21,500
timing and where you use 
it and how you use it.

392
00:22:21,600 --> 00:22:25,266
For example, when the 
when the flowers are

393
00:22:25,366 --> 00:22:29,133
blooming and your pollinators 
are actually visiting flowers,

394
00:22:29,233 --> 00:22:33,200
that is not a good time to be 
using neonicotinoids or in fact

395
00:22:33,300 --> 00:22:36,333
any insecticide at all because 
when you apply an

396
00:22:36,433 --> 00:22:39,766
insecticide to a flower and 
the pollinators, you'll be

397
00:22:39,866 --> 00:22:41,700
getting in contact with the 
pollinator, you will

398
00:22:41,800 --> 00:22:44,766
kill the pollinator. Yes. And 
even if the pollinators are

399
00:22:44,866 --> 00:22:47,633
there if the rest 
stay on the flower

400
00:22:47,733 --> 00:22:50,766
itself and the pollinators 
walk by getting

401
00:22:50,866 --> 00:22:55,600
contact with it, it can 
still be impacted.

402
00:22:55,700 --> 00:23:00,233
Americans certainly do 
love their lawns and

403
00:23:00,333 --> 00:23:02,600
we know that if we really 
wanted to help

404
00:23:02,700 --> 00:23:04,833
pollinators, we ought to 
reduce the size of our

405
00:23:04,933 --> 00:23:07,166
lawn and put in a pollinator 
garden. And then some

406
00:23:07,266 --> 00:23:10,100
people are doing that. Terasa 
Lott, who works

407
00:23:10,200 --> 00:23:12,533
with us he's been he's 
been doing that and

408
00:23:12,633 --> 00:23:15,400
enjoying the results 
because she sees such

409
00:23:15,500 --> 00:23:18,300
wonderful things. But I 
think the turf industry

410
00:23:18,400 --> 00:23:22,800
itself also has found 
that the neonicotinoids

411
00:23:22,900 --> 00:23:26,366
have been affected in one 
of their pests in treating

412
00:23:26,466 --> 00:23:29,766
one of their pests. Right. 
So the neonicotinoids has

413
00:23:29,866 --> 00:23:32,266
been used in the turf industry 
for treatment of

414
00:23:32,366 --> 00:23:36,600
white rut quite a bit. 
And but there's basically

415
00:23:36,700 --> 00:23:39,500
one of the number one 
product is that

416
00:23:39,600 --> 00:23:43,200
neonicotinoids. And some of 
the study has been shown

417
00:23:43,300 --> 00:23:47,333
over the years that application 
of neonicotinoids

418
00:23:47,433 --> 00:23:51,133
can profoundly 
change the ecosystem in

419
00:23:51,233 --> 00:23:58,800
the enterprise. Wow! And 
so well but

420
00:23:58,900 --> 00:24:02,333
using neonicotinoids when 
you have a pest that's

421
00:24:02,433 --> 00:24:05,300
difficult to control 
neonicotinoids is your only

422
00:24:05,400 --> 00:24:08,633
options then there's 
not a whole of other

423
00:24:08,733 --> 00:24:12,633
things that you can do about it. 
Luckily, there are

424
00:24:12,733 --> 00:24:15,400
more new products that 
are coming out that

425
00:24:15,500 --> 00:24:20,600
are just as safe for pollinators 
and other animals as well.

426
00:24:20,700 --> 00:24:24,233
And are just as effective as 
them. Oh good.

427
00:24:24,333 --> 00:24:27,300
Yeah definitely safer and 
just as effective.

428
00:24:27,400 --> 00:24:29,666
And so that's one reason 
we want our professional

429
00:24:29,766 --> 00:24:33,000
applicators to take 
advantage of trainings so

430
00:24:33,100 --> 00:24:36,666
that they're aware of 
their options and

431
00:24:36,766 --> 00:24:38,733
can shift. Absolutely.

432
00:24:38,833 --> 00:24:41,733
I'll definitely recommend that 
and you know folks like

433
00:24:41,833 --> 00:24:44,866
me do a lot of research 
in that arena.

434
00:24:44,966 --> 00:24:48,066
So we could definitely share 
that information with you.

435
00:24:48,166 --> 00:24:51,566
What is good, what is the 
effective and what's safe.

436
00:24:51,666 --> 00:24:53,800
You said that and although 
sometimes it's not

437
00:24:53,900 --> 00:24:55,933
possible for a 
professional company

438
00:24:56,033 --> 00:24:59,100
that's coming in to make 
a treatment to have a lot

439
00:24:59,200 --> 00:25:02,200
of laxity in timing. But 
you said it for instance

440
00:25:02,300 --> 00:25:06,133
if you had some clover 
that was blooming and

441
00:25:06,233 --> 00:25:08,500
you were going to make 
this application which I

442
00:25:08,600 --> 00:25:11,433
guess is a liquid 
application to turf,

443
00:25:11,533 --> 00:25:14,233
they could even - there's 
some cultural practices

444
00:25:14,333 --> 00:25:17,300
that could minimize the 
risk. Is that correct?

445
00:25:17,400 --> 00:25:20,600
Right. Some of the studies 
conducted in

446
00:25:20,700 --> 00:25:23,866
Kentucky basically 
show that if you have

447
00:25:23,966 --> 00:25:27,433
clover flowering, and you apply 
a new neonicotinoids insecticide

448
00:25:27,533 --> 00:25:30,700
to the clover much of the 
insecticide

449
00:25:30,800 --> 00:25:34,766
will end up in the nectar. 
And you might have impact

450
00:25:34,866 --> 00:25:38,633
on the population. But if you 
mow the clover before you make

451
00:25:38,733 --> 00:25:41,700
the applications then you can 
actually reduce

452
00:25:41,800 --> 00:25:44,433
a lot of that risk 
just by reducing the

453
00:25:44,533 --> 00:25:47,033
amount of active 
ingredient actually ending

454
00:25:47,133 --> 00:25:50,000
up in the nectar.

455
00:25:50,100 --> 00:25:54,300
So there are things that 
just being aware of

456
00:25:54,400 --> 00:25:57,166
look how things work and 
how they move in the

457
00:25:57,266 --> 00:25:59,766
plant and trying to put 
that whole picture

458
00:25:59,866 --> 00:26:03,466
together can help us all 
to do a better job when

459
00:26:03,566 --> 00:26:06,000
we do find that we need 
to make an application.

460
00:26:06,100 --> 00:26:08,900
Sometimes. And that 
that's probably the major

461
00:26:09,000 --> 00:26:12,200
point you have there, 
which is well, knowledge

462
00:26:12,300 --> 00:26:16,533
is really the key to the 
success. We are

463
00:26:16,633 --> 00:26:19,600
concerned with pollinators 
and we know a lot of

464
00:26:19,700 --> 00:26:22,933
things that we can do to 
make it kind of

465
00:26:23,033 --> 00:26:27,000
help and detriment to their 
pollinator population.

466
00:26:27,100 --> 00:26:31,933
We need to know what those are 
how we can actually use them.

467
00:26:32,033 --> 00:26:36,200
The EPA does go back and 
make reviews and

468
00:26:36,300 --> 00:26:39,866
sometimes they make 
changes in labeling or

469
00:26:39,966 --> 00:26:42,533
what's allowed. Is that 
correct? That's correct.

470
00:26:42,633 --> 00:26:47,133
And EPA does conduct 
registration review of

471
00:26:47,233 --> 00:26:49,266
different chemicals. It doesn't 
matter if it's insecticide

472
00:26:49,366 --> 00:26:53,500
or fungicide or herbicide 
every few years. And what

473
00:26:53,600 --> 00:26:55,166
they would do is 
basically during the

474
00:26:55,266 --> 00:26:57,966
review process they're 
putting all the new

475
00:26:58,066 --> 00:27:00,500
information. and then 
they're gonna look at the

476
00:27:00,600 --> 00:27:03,266
early information and that 
the new information and

477
00:27:03,366 --> 00:27:05,633
then make a decision as 
far as, is these

478
00:27:05,733 --> 00:27:09,166
products even safe, based 
on our current state of

479
00:27:09,266 --> 00:27:14,100
knowledge and whether 
we'll allow it to renew again.

480
00:27:14,200 --> 00:27:17,633
You said that recently 
there have been some

481
00:27:17,733 --> 00:27:20,333
reductions in the amount 
you could use in certain

482
00:27:20,433 --> 00:27:24,066
situations and so that's 
why once again, you

483
00:27:24,166 --> 00:27:25,833
should always read the 
label because if

484
00:27:25,933 --> 00:27:27,466
I've been putting out 
something for five

485
00:27:27,566 --> 00:27:31,566
or ten years, I might just have 
a way that I mix it but

486
00:27:31,666 --> 00:27:35,666
that may no longer be 
legal and I could still

487
00:27:35,766 --> 00:27:39,633
get control and using 
less product. But I

488
00:27:39,733 --> 00:27:43,033
need to read a label 
because the label is the

489
00:27:43,133 --> 00:27:47,766
law and it protects the 
environment and also

490
00:27:47,866 --> 00:27:50,633
the applicators. And 
people who live in the homes.

491
00:27:50,733 --> 00:27:52,866
Absolutely. And one thing I 
would add to that

492
00:27:52,966 --> 00:27:55,566
is you want to read the 
label of the product that

493
00:27:55,666 --> 00:27:58,400
you're using right now. 
Because the labels do

494
00:27:58,500 --> 00:28:02,266
change, the amount that 
you apply change, the

495
00:28:02,366 --> 00:28:06,166
name can change, the active 
ingredient can also change.

496
00:28:06,266 --> 00:28:09,966
And for example, I'll 
give an example

497
00:28:10,066 --> 00:28:14,733
Grub X, is a homeowner product 
for white grub control, years

498
00:28:14,833 --> 00:28:17,333
the active 
ingredient is actually

499
00:28:17,433 --> 00:28:21,700
one of the neonicotinoids. 
And recently the active

500
00:28:21,800 --> 00:28:24,233
ingredient was actually 
changing another product

501
00:28:24,333 --> 00:28:28,833
that's not even a neonicotinoid. 
That product is just as

502
00:28:28,933 --> 00:28:33,333
effective as neonicotinoids 
that's due to pollinators.

503
00:28:33,433 --> 00:28:36,433
So, because of that change 
in the product, you're

504
00:28:36,533 --> 00:28:39,700
basically reducing risk 
on the pollinator. But it also

505
00:28:39,800 --> 00:28:43,333
entailed quite a bit of 
changes in the label language.

506
00:28:43,433 --> 00:28:48,200
How much you apply, and things 
like that. So, even

507
00:28:48,300 --> 00:28:51,200
if the product is the 
same name, you need to

508
00:28:51,300 --> 00:28:53,933
read the label very 
carefully, just to make sure

509
00:28:54,033 --> 00:28:56,233
that the active 
ingredients and

510
00:28:56,333 --> 00:29:00,200
all the other information 
necessary. So if you have a bag

511
00:29:00,300 --> 00:29:02,933
of 20 year old products in your 
shed

512
00:29:03,033 --> 00:29:07,033
and get it out that's a 
different story, but we don't

513
00:29:07,133 --> 00:29:10,300
want to use that. 
It's not worth the wait.

514
00:29:10,400 --> 00:29:12,733
And fortunately our 
State Department of

515
00:29:12,833 --> 00:29:17,533
Agriculture does 
circulate the state

516
00:29:17,633 --> 00:29:20,700
having times when you can 
bring pesticides

517
00:29:20,800 --> 00:29:23,166
for safe disposal. And that's 
something people should

518
00:29:23,266 --> 00:29:25,666
keep in mind as well. You 
don't just put it in the

519
00:29:25,766 --> 00:29:28,833
trash and send them to 
the landfill. No if it goes in

520
00:29:28,933 --> 00:29:32,300
the landfill it probably 
goes into the water somewhere.

521
00:29:32,400 --> 00:29:35,266
It's a 
complicated subject and I

522
00:29:35,366 --> 00:29:37,500
wanna to thank you for 
taking the time to shed

523
00:29:37,600 --> 00:29:41,100
some light on this today. 
And doing what you

524
00:29:41,200 --> 00:29:44,600
people do research and 
then and then getting

525
00:29:44,700 --> 00:29:47,000
that information to the 
people. Because we do want

526
00:29:47,100 --> 00:29:49,766
to make our decisions 
based on science and not

527
00:29:49,866 --> 00:29:53,433
on hysteria. Thank you 
very much JC. Thank you, Amanda.

528
00:29:56,633 --> 00:29:59,233
I do wanna thank Dr. John for 
sharing information with us.

529
00:29:59,333 --> 00:30:02,066
He often is 
traveling the country.

530
00:30:02,166 --> 00:30:05,400
He is considered such an 
expert on these issues and

531
00:30:05,500 --> 00:30:08,533
although I'm sorry for 
the reason that he is not

532
00:30:08,633 --> 00:30:13,133
traveling, I really 
appreciate his

533
00:30:13,233 --> 00:30:16,333
knowledge and his sharing the 
time to share that with

534
00:30:16,433 --> 00:30:20,366
all of us. Teresa, have 
we got some more questions

535
00:30:20,466 --> 00:30:22,866
from some of our viewers?

536
00:30:22,966 --> 00:30:25,633
We do. The next question is 
about a pest

537
00:30:25,733 --> 00:30:29,100
that always seems to find 
my feet and ankles, one

538
00:30:29,200 --> 00:30:31,400
day I will learn to wear 
more appropriate shoes

539
00:30:31,500 --> 00:30:34,566
outside. At least that's 
what my husband tells me

540
00:30:34,666 --> 00:30:37,900
so our viewer says, 
they are experiencing

541
00:30:38,000 --> 00:30:40,500
red imported fire ants 
in the vegetable garden

542
00:30:40,600 --> 00:30:43,300
and compost pile and they'll 
like to know how to

543
00:30:43,400 --> 00:30:46,733
safely manage them. Laura Lee 
it was so

544
00:30:46,833 --> 00:30:49,566
discouraging. You 
and I can remember when

545
00:30:49,666 --> 00:30:52,300
we can play outside 
freely in South Carolina

546
00:30:52,400 --> 00:30:54,333
and not have to worry 
about that. It was

547
00:30:54,433 --> 00:30:57,233
a great shock to me. But there 
are some things that we

548
00:30:57,333 --> 00:30:59,833
can do that are safe for 
the environment I believe

549
00:30:59,933 --> 00:31:02,933
and safe for us and 
fortunately not safe for

550
00:31:03,033 --> 00:31:07,233
the fire ants. So, give us 
help here please.

551
00:31:07,333 --> 00:31:10,166
Ants are going to be in 
places that are undisturbed.

552
00:31:10,266 --> 00:31:14,633
So if there's nothing in

553
00:31:14,733 --> 00:31:18,066
your garden for 
a little while, the ants

554
00:31:18,166 --> 00:31:21,933
usually will come. There 
fortunately is a very good

555
00:31:22,033 --> 00:31:27,900
fact sheet on 
control of fire ants in

556
00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:31,400
gardens. 
The same order would apply

557
00:31:31,500 --> 00:31:33,833
your compost pile because 
we're not, you don't want to

558
00:31:33,933 --> 00:31:37,766
put in harmful chemicals in 
your compost pile but we

559
00:31:37,866 --> 00:31:42,866
can bait around the 
garden and use baits around

560
00:31:42,966 --> 00:31:46,800
our 
the compost pile and

561
00:31:46,900 --> 00:31:51,300
if we're using baits in the 
lawn too that also help

562
00:31:51,400 --> 00:31:54,466
with the your farm with the 
control of the fire ants.

563
00:31:54,566 --> 00:31:58,800
There are some 
biological controls that

564
00:31:58,900 --> 00:32:05,333
are available, spinoside 
and some of those products,

565
00:32:05,433 --> 00:32:09,466
but what I want to 
we caution people about

566
00:32:09,566 --> 00:32:15,300
is not to use acetate or Sevin 
or Ortho

567
00:32:15,400 --> 00:32:19,133
unless it's

568
00:32:19,233 --> 00:32:23,600
specified 
on the label. The label is

569
00:32:23,700 --> 00:32:27,266
the law. You've got to follow 
the label. Be sure that

570
00:32:27,366 --> 00:32:31,666
you're controlling things 
in an environmental friendly

571
00:32:31,766 --> 00:32:36,233
manner and we're not harming 
the beneficial insects.

572
00:32:36,333 --> 00:32:40,533
Basically, read the fact sheet, 
read the label, I always

573
00:32:40,633 --> 00:32:42,833
tell put your glasses on when 
you go

574
00:32:42,933 --> 00:32:48,366
to the store. And before 
you even start to apply

575
00:32:48,466 --> 00:32:53,133
any kind of chemical, read the 
label first, so that you know

576
00:32:53,233 --> 00:32:57,233
what it can and can't do.

577
00:32:57,333 --> 00:32:59,966
Laura Lee people 
sometimes they're sad

578
00:33:00,066 --> 00:33:03,466
because they put out of 
bait and that's a

579
00:33:03,566 --> 00:33:06,666
wonderful product because 
it controls all the in

580
00:33:06,766 --> 00:33:10,333
the fire ants even the ones 
you don't know about. But,

581
00:33:10,433 --> 00:33:14,600
it doesn't have a very 
long lasting time or so

582
00:33:14,700 --> 00:33:16,300
they need to know that 
this is something

583
00:33:16,400 --> 00:33:20,033
that will have to be repeated if 
I'm not mistaken. Repeated and

584
00:33:20,133 --> 00:33:22,666
then also you want to 
that's where the label

585
00:33:22,766 --> 00:33:25,600
directions come in handy too. 
In fact, we don't want

586
00:33:25,700 --> 00:33:29,566
to put it down until 
24 hours and then the

587
00:33:29,666 --> 00:33:34,000
bait can be ineffective. 
Thank you very much.

588
00:33:34,100 --> 00:33:37,200
Well, let's hope that we'll have 
a fire ant as close to

589
00:33:37,300 --> 00:33:40,200
fire ant free. We can't 
eliminate fire ants

590
00:33:40,300 --> 00:33:43,700
but we can try to manage them. 
And let me caution all of you

591
00:33:43,800 --> 00:33:48,000
that if you have a reaction 
that is it anyway more

592
00:33:48,100 --> 00:33:51,300
than localized, you need 
to

593
00:33:51,400 --> 00:33:54,166
if you have the 
slightest bit of trouble

594
00:33:54,266 --> 00:33:56,633
or start having welts, 
you have to go to the

595
00:33:56,733 --> 00:34:00,266
emergency room immediately. And 
if it's more than localized

596
00:34:00,366 --> 00:34:03,033
but not that severe, 
you need to speak with an

597
00:34:03,133 --> 00:34:06,366
allergist and be safe 
because sadly there have

598
00:34:06,466 --> 00:34:09,133
been challenges from 
people who are super

599
00:34:09,233 --> 00:34:11,733
sensitive to these 
insects. And the next time

600
00:34:11,833 --> 00:34:15,333
you're exposed, it could 
be worse than the first.

601
00:34:15,433 --> 00:34:19,300
So, even though 
their tiny do

602
00:34:19,400 --> 00:34:22,100
give them credit for 
being something that you have to

603
00:34:22,200 --> 00:34:22,800
pay attention to

604
00:34:22,900 --> 00:34:25,300
and perhaps make some

605
00:34:25,400 --> 00:34:28,566
adjustments in your life. 
Down in Lake City, they've

606
00:34:28,666 --> 00:34:31,300
made a lot of adjustments to 
turn that community

607
00:34:31,400 --> 00:34:33,066
into one of the most 
beautiful places

608
00:34:33,166 --> 00:34:37,333
in the world and just such an 
incredible variety of

609
00:34:37,433 --> 00:34:40,533
plant material that they use and 
it was an old movie theatre

610
00:34:40,633 --> 00:34:42,833
there and 
they left the marquee

611
00:34:42,933 --> 00:34:45,833
kind of everything up and 
left the open space and it's

612
00:34:45,933 --> 00:34:48,033
called the Theatre Park. 
And Bradley

613
00:34:48,133 --> 00:34:51,766
Roberts gave us a 
wonderful tour. I felt

614
00:34:51,866 --> 00:34:53,900
like I was sitting there 
and watching a movie

615
00:34:54,000 --> 00:34:54,966
on beautiful plants.

616
00:35:11,066 --> 00:35:13,633
We're in downtown Lake 
City, South Carolina and

617
00:35:13,733 --> 00:35:16,433
I'm talking with Bradley 
Roberts, a horticulturist

618
00:35:16,533 --> 00:35:18,933
with Moore Farmers 
Botanical Garden. And y'all

619
00:35:19,033 --> 00:35:21,233
don't just take care 
of the garden, y'all bring

620
00:35:21,333 --> 00:35:23,833
your expertise 
downtown. That's right,

621
00:35:23,933 --> 00:35:26,533
Amanda we manage about 
18 acres of

622
00:35:26,633 --> 00:35:28,900
cultivated garden space 
downtown. And I'm gonna

623
00:35:29,000 --> 00:35:31,866
say that although many 
cities have beautiful

624
00:35:31,966 --> 00:35:34,633
downtown plantings y'all's 
have a completely

625
00:35:34,733 --> 00:35:37,866
distinct look. Well, it 
does have a distinct look

626
00:35:37,966 --> 00:35:39,933
we have the you know 
fortune of being

627
00:35:40,033 --> 00:35:42,600
supported by a local 
botanical garden. Yes.

628
00:35:42,700 --> 00:35:44,766
So, we have access to a 
lot of different types

629
00:35:44,866 --> 00:35:48,500
of plant material. And here we 
are in a situation that's

630
00:35:48,600 --> 00:35:51,300
replicated in many older 
cities in the south where

631
00:35:51,400 --> 00:35:53,600
we had a building that I 
think had

632
00:35:53,700 --> 00:35:55,866
been abandoned, That's 
right! But

633
00:35:55,966 --> 00:35:57,866
y'all have made 
something so special.

634
00:35:57,966 --> 00:36:00,066
Well thank you. This used 
to be that

635
00:36:00,166 --> 00:36:03,166
theatre in downtown Lake City 
that was abandoned.

636
00:36:03,266 --> 00:36:05,500
And we created this lovely 
green space here.

637
00:36:05,600 --> 00:36:07,466
And what are some of the 
things you've done

638
00:36:07,566 --> 00:36:10,033
to let people know that this 
isn't just an

639
00:36:10,133 --> 00:36:13,266
abandoned space but now a 
welcoming venue and intimate

640
00:36:13,366 --> 00:36:16,566
place for us a little break 
from the busy downtown

641
00:36:16,666 --> 00:36:18,666
restaurant city? That's 
right. Well, we have a

642
00:36:18,766 --> 00:36:20,533
few different features out 
near the front

643
00:36:20,633 --> 00:36:23,833
of the facade of the space. We 
have seasonal planting

644
00:36:23,933 --> 00:36:25,633
containers that we have 
out on the sidewalk

645
00:36:25,733 --> 00:36:29,066
and invite people in. And we 
so have some vines some

646
00:36:29,166 --> 00:36:32,166
evergreen vines that kind 
of poke through out onto

647
00:36:32,266 --> 00:36:34,200
the street. You know to 
kind of let people

648
00:36:34,300 --> 00:36:37,200
know that there are is a green 
space here. I think it's so much

649
00:36:37,300 --> 00:36:39,633
fun to see them growing through 
the windows. Yeah. They're

650
00:36:39,733 --> 00:36:41,966
kinda peeking out at you. You 
said it kind of

651
00:36:42,066 --> 00:36:44,300
gives you a little sense of 
abandonment. But when you

652
00:36:44,400 --> 00:36:49,266
come in what a remarkably 
inviting and orderly but

653
00:36:49,366 --> 00:36:52,000
still full place you've 
created. Yeah I think so

654
00:36:52,100 --> 00:36:54,666
too. There's a you know a 
kind of a hodge podge

655
00:36:54,766 --> 00:36:56,900
a mix of different plant 
material from woodys to

656
00:36:57,000 --> 00:36:59,700
perennials. And then all 
the vines on the walls

657
00:36:59,800 --> 00:37:01,700
here that really kind of 
soften the space and

658
00:37:01,800 --> 00:37:03,366
it does kind of 
give it that sense

659
00:37:03,466 --> 00:37:06,000
of abandonment you're talking 
about. And you got several vines

660
00:37:06,100 --> 00:37:08,800
and one in particular, 
I was not familiar with.

661
00:37:08,900 --> 00:37:11,533
It's just beautiful. It's 
millettia. Millettia purple

662
00:37:11,633 --> 00:37:15,066
flowering evergreen vine. 
So it stays green all

663
00:37:15,166 --> 00:37:17,566
Winter long. And not 
invasive. Not invasive at

664
00:37:17,666 --> 00:37:21,233
all. It doesn't over seed. 
It has a nice full lush,

665
00:37:21,333 --> 00:37:23,833
green color all year. And 
that's important because

666
00:37:23,933 --> 00:37:26,633
this is the sunny side 
and to think that here

667
00:37:26,733 --> 00:37:29,966
we are on a hot day and 
it's still vividly green.

668
00:37:30,066 --> 00:37:32,433
Yeah it doesn't show any 
signs at burn it all.

669
00:37:32,533 --> 00:37:34,600
Then going down a little 
bit, our wonderful

670
00:37:34,700 --> 00:37:37,666
campsis. That's right. 
Campsis radicans. This

671
00:37:37,766 --> 00:37:40,100
one's a yellow flowering 
variety. You normally see

672
00:37:40,200 --> 00:37:42,833
the red flowering, but this 
one's yellow. It's beautiful.

673
00:37:42,933 --> 00:37:45,333
It's gorgeous. And then you 
got a mix of things. You've got

674
00:37:45,433 --> 00:37:48,733
some begonias and even 
some roses out there. We've got

675
00:37:48,833 --> 00:37:52,200
some climbing roses here to 
continue to give that

676
00:37:52,300 --> 00:37:55,733
vining effect and soften 
some of the hardscape.

677
00:37:55,833 --> 00:37:58,266
Then we've got some drift 
roses in the landscape here too.

678
00:37:58,366 --> 00:37:59,800
Because in the Summer 
they'll still give

679
00:37:59,900 --> 00:38:01,933
you great color? That's right 
and they just keep blooming.

680
00:38:02,033 --> 00:38:04,233
So let's talk a 
little bit when we come

681
00:38:04,333 --> 00:38:07,000
in you've got a beautiful 
fountain, but in this old

682
00:38:07,100 --> 00:38:09,266
building gives a 
wonderful contrast.

683
00:38:09,366 --> 00:38:12,466
It's very modern. It is very 
modern. It's a modern look

684
00:38:12,566 --> 00:38:14,300
but it kind of matches 
the modern look

685
00:38:14,400 --> 00:38:18,200
of the pavers that are in this 
space. So it's kind of a nice

686
00:38:18,300 --> 00:38:20,833
mix between old and new. And a 
lovely little native

687
00:38:20,933 --> 00:38:24,266
wildflower right in front of it. 
That White top sedge. Yes.

688
00:38:24,366 --> 00:38:27,066
Yeah, it's gorgeous we 
love it and flanked by

689
00:38:27,166 --> 00:38:31,133
that fabulous upright. 
Those papyrus yeah.

690
00:38:31,233 --> 00:38:33,933
They really match a water 
feature. You know they're just

691
00:38:34,033 --> 00:38:36,500
meant to be next to the water. 
So it's a good match,

692
00:38:36,600 --> 00:38:38,433
too, to have it 
anchoring or flanking

693
00:38:38,533 --> 00:38:41,933
that fountain. You've got a 
cultivar of magnolia that's

694
00:38:42,033 --> 00:38:45,000
very beautiful. Yeah it's more 
of an upright growing

695
00:38:45,100 --> 00:38:48,500
variety. It's called Alta. Of 
our regular magnolia.

696
00:38:48,600 --> 00:38:51,133
The southern 
evergreen magnolia.

697
00:38:51,233 --> 00:38:53,500
It's called Alta. And it 
grows more

698
00:38:53,600 --> 00:38:57,400
fastigate or upright. So it's 
good for this smaller space.

699
00:38:57,500 --> 00:38:59,200
Yeah so it can still 
represent the southern

700
00:38:59,300 --> 00:39:01,566
magnolia but not have to 
take up space. Yeah which it

701
00:39:01,666 --> 00:39:03,600
could easily. And 
really take over the

702
00:39:03,700 --> 00:39:05,366
whole space. 
One thing that just

703
00:39:05,466 --> 00:39:08,000
surprises me so much is 
the use of conifers. This

704
00:39:08,100 --> 00:39:11,900
is a hot harsh environment. 
Yeah. Tell me what

705
00:39:12,000 --> 00:39:14,133
you've chosen. Full sun 
most of the day, but we

706
00:39:14,233 --> 00:39:16,166
have selected a few 
varieties to do well in

707
00:39:16,266 --> 00:39:18,766
the southeast. 
Chamaecyparis obtusa

708
00:39:18,866 --> 00:39:22,700
Confucius we have in full 
sun. It's got great gold color,

709
00:39:22,800 --> 00:39:25,200
doesn't burn in the sun. 
And we've also got a

710
00:39:25,300 --> 00:39:27,733
variety of our native 
eastern red cedar it's

711
00:39:27,833 --> 00:39:31,666
called Brodie. Juniperus 
Virginiana Brodie.

712
00:39:31,766 --> 00:39:35,166
Takes the full sun, full 
heat of the Summer. The color

713
00:39:35,266 --> 00:39:37,700
seems to be more vivid and it 
seems to be more compact.

714
00:39:37,800 --> 00:39:40,800
It's more compact and more 
upright. And a great place for

715
00:39:40,900 --> 00:39:43,633
wildlife in the Winter for 
birds. Yeah. Absolutely!

716
00:39:43,733 --> 00:39:46,800
They create little homes in 
nests in the interior of those

717
00:39:46,900 --> 00:39:49,800
trees. And then we've got some 
grasses in the front of

718
00:39:49,900 --> 00:39:51,600
that building and then at 
the back you've

719
00:39:51,700 --> 00:39:54,566
got a wonderful planting of the 
grass. Yeah. It's one of our

720
00:39:54,666 --> 00:39:58,666
native panicums, switch grass. 
It's called cloud nine.

721
00:39:58,766 --> 00:40:01,533
And right now it's just 
exploding. It creates a great

722
00:40:01,633 --> 00:40:04,800
screen from the parking lot in 
the back. And then on the other

723
00:40:04,900 --> 00:40:08,100
side we got a little more 
shade and you've got some

724
00:40:08,200 --> 00:40:10,300
wonderful things that 
perform well there. Yeah

725
00:40:10,400 --> 00:40:13,166
we've got some variegated 
varieties of cast iron

726
00:40:13,266 --> 00:40:16,266
plant. We've got some 
Dasylirion. We have some

727
00:40:16,366 --> 00:40:20,400
bamboos. There's a nice 
mix of shade material.

728
00:40:20,500 --> 00:40:22,566
Instead of just sitting 
under an umbrella, we've

729
00:40:22,666 --> 00:40:25,133
got a wonderful canopy 
over us. Yeah I know.

730
00:40:25,233 --> 00:40:27,833
It really it matches 
the kind of modern feel

731
00:40:27,933 --> 00:40:29,933
of the pavers and the 
fountain.

732
00:40:30,033 --> 00:40:31,500
And it's something 
different aside from just

733
00:40:31,600 --> 00:40:33,600
planting a larger shade 
tree. Well, and I think it's

734
00:40:33,700 --> 00:40:36,500
fun in a city where 
you've got beautiful old

735
00:40:36,600 --> 00:40:40,066
structures to incorporate 
and kind of give it a little

736
00:40:40,166 --> 00:40:42,333
Ying and Yang of 
contemporary with old. I agree

737
00:40:42,433 --> 00:40:44,733
it gives it a kind of a fresh 
look. Something that's

738
00:40:44,833 --> 00:40:46,833
kind of inviting or intriguing. 
Y'all have a lot of

739
00:40:46,933 --> 00:40:49,333
great places to eat in 
Lake City and we've got a

740
00:40:49,433 --> 00:40:52,400
sculpture of it that 
seems to made to

741
00:40:52,500 --> 00:40:55,666
represent spoons and 
forks. Yeah, but like

742
00:40:55,766 --> 00:40:58,000
flowers. You know, but 
you're right. There are a

743
00:40:58,100 --> 00:41:00,666
lot of great places to 
eat but is an interesting

744
00:41:00,766 --> 00:41:02,233
interpretation and it's

745
00:41:02,333 --> 00:41:05,233
quite colorful. It's beautiful. 
Another fun thing that

746
00:41:05,333 --> 00:41:07,166
you got is since this was 
a theatre, you've

747
00:41:07,266 --> 00:41:10,266
got a theatre marquee out 
front. I know we do. It kind

748
00:41:10,366 --> 00:41:12,633
of makes you feel like 
you're in a big city or

749
00:41:12,733 --> 00:41:15,166
something like that. Well 
and you know what for

750
00:41:15,266 --> 00:41:18,166
small town, Lake City, 
South Carolina is kind of

751
00:41:18,266 --> 00:41:20,900
like the big city because 
of the diversity and the

752
00:41:21,000 --> 00:41:25,033
wonderful variety of stores and 
places to stay, places to eat,

753
00:41:25,133 --> 00:41:27,966
museum's, all kind of cultural 
features. If people want to know

754
00:41:28,066 --> 00:41:29,566
more about what's 
happening in Lake City

755
00:41:29,666 --> 00:41:32,466
or at Moore Farms Botanical 
Garden, how do they do that?

756
00:41:32,566 --> 00:41:34,766
You can visit our website

757
00:41:34,866 --> 00:41:37,066
It's moorefarmsbg.org.

758
00:41:37,166 --> 00:41:38,600
And there's 
information there about

759
00:41:38,700 --> 00:41:40,333
events and happenings at 
the garden

760
00:41:40,433 --> 00:41:42,133
and special events 
in downtown Lake City.

761
00:41:42,233 --> 00:41:44,300
Thank you for spending 
the time with us today.

762
00:41:44,400 --> 00:41:46,600
Thank you for having me.

763
00:41:51,600 --> 00:41:53,300
I want to thank all of our 
friends

764
00:41:53,400 --> 00:41:55,133
down in Lake 
City. Everyone has been

765
00:41:55,233 --> 00:41:58,100
always cooperative with 
particularly, our need

766
00:41:58,200 --> 00:42:00,966
in their Bradley Roberts. We 
hope that if y'all have a Sunday

767
00:42:01,066 --> 00:42:03,500
afternoon and want to take a 
drive there, drive down to

768
00:42:03,600 --> 00:42:06,666
Lake City and look at the 
beautiful street plantings and

769
00:42:06,766 --> 00:42:09,533
the plantings around the 
building. Terasa,

770
00:42:09,633 --> 00:42:13,700
it's still that vegetable 
to grow time of year I

771
00:42:13,800 --> 00:42:16,066
bet somebody 
wants to get some

772
00:42:16,166 --> 00:42:18,566
information that Zack might 
be able to lead them in the

773
00:42:18,666 --> 00:42:21,633
right direction. 
You are correct, Amanda

774
00:42:21,733 --> 00:42:25,400
that we have a first time 
vegetable gardener, who

775
00:42:25,500 --> 00:42:28,200
would like some advice. 
He and his friends have

776
00:42:28,300 --> 00:42:32,300
started gardening. They said it 
feels like it rather expensive

777
00:42:32,400 --> 00:42:35,766
because the seeds seem to be pre 
packaged. So looking for

778
00:42:35,866 --> 00:42:38,866
advice on kind of the 
start up materials needed

779
00:42:38,966 --> 00:42:42,033
for a garden so that he and his 
friends each plant two or

780
00:42:42,133 --> 00:42:45,366
three things and then 
share the harvest.

781
00:42:45,466 --> 00:42:48,033
Okay. So, they I guess 
they're trying to maybe

782
00:42:48,133 --> 00:42:53,233
grow some transplants and 
don't need 50 of them,

783
00:42:53,333 --> 00:42:55,100
but would like to share them. 
How do you

784
00:42:55,200 --> 00:42:58,300
get started and what you need 
to do that, Zack?

785
00:42:58,400 --> 00:43:00,700
Yeah so what I tell 
people

786
00:43:00,800 --> 00:43:03,733
is really is form a group or 
network of friends. I

787
00:43:03,833 --> 00:43:07,333
think master gardener is 
a great place to start

788
00:43:07,433 --> 00:43:09,533
if you have some extra time on 
your hands just a network of

789
00:43:09,633 --> 00:43:12,700
people who are 
really into the same

790
00:43:12,800 --> 00:43:15,533
thing and kind of 
have the same gardening

791
00:43:15,633 --> 00:43:19,166
fun I guess. But when you 
start swapping plants

792
00:43:19,266 --> 00:43:21,366
with people, you know you 
can really get into some

793
00:43:21,466 --> 00:43:24,200
of the weirder, you know. 
odd and end varieties because as

794
00:43:24,300 --> 00:43:26,400
Terasa said, you know 
when you start looking

795
00:43:26,500 --> 00:43:29,166
at these seed catalogs 
and ordering online, you might

796
00:43:29,266 --> 00:43:32,433
pay four or five dollars 
for 25 seeds of

797
00:43:32,533 --> 00:43:35,000
a tomato. And you know 
you might just want one

798
00:43:35,100 --> 00:43:36,933
or two of those tomatoes, 
if you're starting your

799
00:43:37,033 --> 00:43:40,400
own plants. So having 
friends in the community

800
00:43:40,500 --> 00:43:42,933
where you can grow some 
of these are types tomatoes.

801
00:43:43,033 --> 00:43:45,300
I can grow these peppers, 
and then you can kind of

802
00:43:45,400 --> 00:43:48,000
swap transplants as a 
really good way to go.

803
00:43:48,100 --> 00:43:51,366
I know all my friends 
at extension, we every

804
00:43:51,466 --> 00:43:53,333
time we see each other we 
trade plants.

805
00:43:53,433 --> 00:43:55,833
This year has been particularly 
hard with the virus.

806
00:43:55,933 --> 00:43:59,466
I haven't added as many plants 
swaps as normal.

807
00:43:59,566 --> 00:44:01,800
But that's a good procedure, 
if you're wanting to

808
00:44:01,900 --> 00:44:04,833
start your own plants, I know 
a lot of times big box

809
00:44:04,933 --> 00:44:07,500
stores and local hardware 
stores, you're kind of

810
00:44:07,600 --> 00:44:09,166
stuck with the varieties 
they have there.

811
00:44:09,266 --> 00:44:12,066
Some of those are pretty 
good varieties actually

812
00:44:12,166 --> 00:44:14,333
If you kind of want 
to get off the beaten

813
00:44:14,433 --> 00:44:16,333
path and grow more 
heirloom type plants and

814
00:44:16,433 --> 00:44:19,400
whatnot. You know ordering 
online seed catalogs is a good

815
00:44:19,500 --> 00:44:22,166
idea but you can 
start a lot of plants in

816
00:44:22,266 --> 00:44:25,266
your home well just a 
fluorescent light,

817
00:44:25,366 --> 00:44:28,566
shop once almost a lot of 
people buying those many

818
00:44:28,666 --> 00:44:31,766
greenhouses are just hate 
those things. You were talking

819
00:44:31,866 --> 00:44:35,600
about fire ants earlier. 
That is a wonderful place for

820
00:44:35,700 --> 00:44:38,333
fire ants. and a lot of times 
they're not temperature

821
00:44:38,433 --> 00:44:41,533
regulated. I'm not a big fan 
of those.

822
00:44:41,633 --> 00:44:43,733
What you can do 
is you can build a little

823
00:44:43,833 --> 00:44:47,533
stand and then you can go 
to our store get a light

824
00:44:47,633 --> 00:44:51,466
house, just regular 
fluorescent bulbs and get

825
00:44:51,566 --> 00:44:54,733
some seed starting mix 
and some trays. And what

826
00:44:54,833 --> 00:44:57,500
you're gonna do is you're 
gonna do, the lights are

827
00:44:57,600 --> 00:45:00,000
typically they'll have a 
chain with them, if not

828
00:45:00,100 --> 00:45:02,866
you can buy a little chain. 
You're gonna take a

829
00:45:02,966 --> 00:45:05,566
fluorescent light and you're 
gonna put it right on top

830
00:45:05,666 --> 00:45:09,600
of the plant, over the 
soil with your seed

831
00:45:09,700 --> 00:45:12,633
starter in it. As the plants 
grow, you're just gonna

832
00:45:12,733 --> 00:45:15,666
keep it above them, maybe an 
inch or so.

833
00:45:15,766 --> 00:45:18,366
What this does, is it keeps 
the plant stocky and

834
00:45:18,466 --> 00:45:21,266
keeps them growing 
towards the light versus put

835
00:45:21,366 --> 00:45:22,800
them in a window sill 
where they

836
00:45:22,900 --> 00:45:26,000
tend to stretching and get 
leggy. You may never really

837
00:45:26,100 --> 00:45:28,666
good strong healthy plant. Let 
me stop you could just a

838
00:45:28,766 --> 00:45:32,433
minute. I have two questions. 
Is a seed starting mix

839
00:45:32,533 --> 00:45:36,266
different from potting 
soil? Absolutely.

840
00:45:36,366 --> 00:45:38,366
Absolutely so potting 
soils typically are

841
00:45:38,466 --> 00:45:41,666
heavier. And they're gonna 
have slowly produced

842
00:45:41,766 --> 00:45:44,233
fertilizers in them and they 
stay wetter. So you'll

843
00:45:44,333 --> 00:45:46,866
get a lot of damping 
off or a lot of

844
00:45:46,966 --> 00:45:49,066
seedling diseases do if you use 
potting soil because it

845
00:45:49,166 --> 00:45:52,933
stays that wet. All right. 
The seed starting mixes

846
00:45:53,033 --> 00:45:54,933
typically there a lot 
lighter. There's a lot

847
00:45:55,033 --> 00:45:57,300
more and then they don't 
have the starter

848
00:45:57,400 --> 00:46:01,500
fertilizer. You're not gonna get

849
00:46:01,600 --> 00:46:03,733
as many of those users 
because the pathogens are not

850
00:46:03,833 --> 00:46:05,500
gonna stick around 
because he's not as wet.

851
00:46:05,600 --> 00:46:10,300
So that is that is a huge 
factor in growing strong

852
00:46:10,400 --> 00:46:13,966
open transplant. And then, 
the fluorescent light

853
00:46:14,066 --> 00:46:16,166
isn't going to get hot to 
the touch who's not

854
00:46:16,266 --> 00:46:19,100
gonna burn is that why we're 
using the fluorescent

855
00:46:19,200 --> 00:46:22,966
lights? Correct! Correct! And 
you know they're cheap.

856
00:46:23,066 --> 00:46:25,500
You can pick them up anywhere. 
But the key is keeping

857
00:46:25,600 --> 00:46:26,833
it right above the plant,

858
00:46:26,933 --> 00:46:30,666
not touching the plant. 
But right above the plant.

859
00:46:30,766 --> 00:46:34,600
Yeah right above the plant. 
If the plant grows, move the

860
00:46:34,700 --> 00:46:37,533
light. When the plants reach/\ 
two or three true

861
00:46:37,633 --> 00:46:39,766
leaf stage, what I like 
to do is put a best

862
00:46:39,866 --> 00:46:42,933
fan or house fan on em and 
it kind of gets

863
00:46:43,033 --> 00:46:45,733
wiggle on them. What that'll do 
is it really toughens

864
00:46:45,833 --> 00:46:49,433
them up and gets them ready to 
go outside to plant.

865
00:46:49,533 --> 00:46:53,866
Okay so that that's a key 
and then the last two

866
00:46:53,966 --> 00:46:56,633
is the start taking them 
outside when you get

867
00:46:56,733 --> 00:46:59,733
closer to planting them. 
Take them outside for a few

868
00:46:59,833 --> 00:47:03,166
hours and then bring it 
back in.

869
00:47:03,266 --> 00:47:04,833
You increase that time spending 
outside and

870
00:47:04,933 --> 00:47:07,766
this is called hardening off. So 
once you harden off those

871
00:47:07,866 --> 00:47:10,733
plants, set them in a 
garden, they're gonna grow

872
00:47:10,833 --> 00:47:13,600
like crazy. So that's kind 
of like in the old days

873
00:47:13,700 --> 00:47:15,333
before you realized that 
you should not be

874
00:47:15,433 --> 00:47:18,133
any kind of sun tan at all, 
people would start off

875
00:47:18,233 --> 00:47:20,900
slowly getting the tan and then 
staying a bit longer.

876
00:47:21,000 --> 00:47:25,933
Is that right correct? 
Correct. Same thought process

877
00:47:26,033 --> 00:47:27,933
Okay. But the fan you 
just want to

878
00:47:28,033 --> 00:47:30,500
have it moving very slightly. 
You don't want to dry them out

879
00:47:30,600 --> 00:47:33,066
or anything, just very 
gentle fan. Correct.

880
00:47:33,166 --> 00:47:35,633
Correct. You 
just to kind of move like

881
00:47:35,733 --> 00:47:40,600
this way a little bit. 
What it's

882
00:47:40,700 --> 00:47:42,900
gonna do is put a lot of 
carbohydrates and sugars

883
00:47:43,000 --> 00:47:46,166
and things they're making in 
the stem or trunk of a plant.

884
00:47:46,266 --> 00:47:49,566
And the stem is a little woody 
be almost like a little

885
00:47:49,666 --> 00:47:53,433
twig. That's when you 
know the plants ready

886
00:47:53,533 --> 00:47:56,033
to go out in the field. 
All righty. Thank you so

887
00:47:56,133 --> 00:47:58,566
much. Greenwood, South Carolina

888
00:47:58,666 --> 00:48:02,266
has beautiful gardens all 
over town. One that's

889
00:48:02,366 --> 00:48:03,933
a favorite was a

890
00:48:04,033 --> 00:48:07,433
pollinator garden. And 
they also use that as a

891
00:48:07,533 --> 00:48:11,400
research station. Rusty 
Wilson is a citizen

892
00:48:11,500 --> 00:48:14,300
scientist. And he's going 
to explain how he

893
00:48:14,400 --> 00:48:19,233
documents and takes lots 
are numerical factors about,

894
00:48:19,333 --> 00:48:21,733
gets a lot of 
numerical data about the

895
00:48:21,833 --> 00:48:24,400
monarchs that they 
attract at that garden.

896
00:48:38,166 --> 00:48:40,400
I'm in downtown Greenwood, 
South Carolina speaking

897
00:48:40,500 --> 00:48:42,933
with Rusty Wilson who is a 
Clemson Master Gardener

898
00:48:43,033 --> 00:48:46,000
and also a citizen 
scientist. And we're in a

899
00:48:46,100 --> 00:48:48,666
beautiful and kind of 
unusual garden for a

900
00:48:48,766 --> 00:48:52,266
downtown city. Yes ma'am. 
This is the Greenwood

901
00:48:52,366 --> 00:48:55,100
County Veterans Center 
Pollinator Garden. It's a

902
00:48:55,200 --> 00:48:58,100
pollinator garden because 
flowers have been planted

903
00:48:58,200 --> 00:49:01,200
to attract pollinators 
such as bees, butterflies

904
00:49:01,300 --> 00:49:04,233
and things of that nature. 
It is also been

905
00:49:04,333 --> 00:49:08,200
designated a monarch 
waystation because the

906
00:49:08,300 --> 00:49:12,133
monarchs that migrate 
between Canada and the

907
00:49:12,233 --> 00:49:14,833
northern part of the 
United States will come

908
00:49:14,933 --> 00:49:18,533
through here on their way 
to Mexico and back again.

909
00:49:18,633 --> 00:49:21,833
And this is a waystation 
for them to stock to

910
00:49:21,933 --> 00:49:25,866
nectar and lay eggs. 
And so you plant specific

911
00:49:25,966 --> 00:49:28,733
plants for the eggs 
to be laid on, the

912
00:49:28,833 --> 00:49:32,000
larvae to eat, I believe. 
Yes, that would

913
00:49:32,100 --> 00:49:34,733
be the milk weed. The 
milkweed is planted for

914
00:49:34,833 --> 00:49:38,666
the monarch butterflies 
for that reason. And I'm

915
00:49:38,766 --> 00:49:42,433
involved in a citizen 
science project

916
00:49:42,533 --> 00:49:45,766
for the monarch larva 
monitoring project which

917
00:49:45,866 --> 00:49:48,833
is a citizen science 
project sponsored by the

918
00:49:48,933 --> 00:49:52,200
University of Minnesota. 
And what I do is I count

919
00:49:52,300 --> 00:49:55,066
all of the milkweed in the 
garden.

920
00:49:55,166 --> 00:49:58,633
Yes. And as I'm counting 
the milkweed, I'm also

921
00:49:58,733 --> 00:50:01,333
counting all of the 
butterflies that I see.

922
00:50:01,433 --> 00:50:03,500
And when I'm counting the 
butterflies I'm

923
00:50:03,600 --> 00:50:07,100
talking about all of the stages 
of the monarch butterfly

924
00:50:07,200 --> 00:50:10,866
life cycle, after which I 
will report that to the

925
00:50:10,966 --> 00:50:15,766
monarch larva monitoring 
project lab website. And what

926
00:50:15,866 --> 00:50:19,233
are the stages? 
Well, there's the egg.

927
00:50:19,333 --> 00:50:21,700
Yes. The egg 
hatches into a larva

928
00:50:21,800 --> 00:50:25,000
also known as a 
caterpillar. And that

929
00:50:25,100 --> 00:50:29,400
larva will shed its skin 
several times. And each

930
00:50:29,500 --> 00:50:32,666
time it shed its skin, 
it's in a different stage.

931
00:50:32,766 --> 00:50:36,866
It's called an instar. It has 
five instars in

932
00:50:36,966 --> 00:50:41,133
that larval 
stage, after which it will

933
00:50:41,233 --> 00:50:43,800
go. It will pupate, 
which means it will

934
00:50:43,900 --> 00:50:48,700
spend a chrysalis, 
which will encompass the

935
00:50:48,800 --> 00:50:53,133
the insect. And while it's 
pupating, it will

936
00:50:53,233 --> 00:50:57,233
transform into an adult. 
When it transforms into

937
00:50:57,333 --> 00:51:01,366
an adult, it will after 
about one to two weeks, it

938
00:51:01,466 --> 00:51:06,000
will emerge as an 
adult and it will

939
00:51:06,100 --> 00:51:10,400
fly south presumably. And 
you say they come through

940
00:51:10,500 --> 00:51:12,766
sporadically, but 
basically two times of

941
00:51:12,866 --> 00:51:17,600
the year. The Fall and the 
Spring. And so perhaps in

942
00:51:17,700 --> 00:51:22,066
the Spring they're going 
from their Winter home

943
00:51:22,166 --> 00:51:26,133
towards the north? Yes. And 
then in the Fall,

944
00:51:26,233 --> 00:51:29,333
coming back down. And you 
said that there's not a -

945
00:51:29,433 --> 00:51:30,833
we're trying to 
figure out where

946
00:51:30,933 --> 00:51:33,833
they're concentrated so that we 
can be more mindful of

947
00:51:33,933 --> 00:51:35,700
protecting them. Is that 
one of the reasons

948
00:51:35,800 --> 00:51:38,233
to collect this data? And 
find out where they are

949
00:51:38,333 --> 00:51:41,766
actually in the country? 
Yeah this status is to

950
00:51:41,866 --> 00:51:44,566
help us to 
get more knowledge about

951
00:51:44,666 --> 00:51:46,866
the butterfly 
distribution and

952
00:51:46,966 --> 00:51:50,133
abundance. And hopefully 
with that knowledge, we

953
00:51:50,233 --> 00:51:53,733
can inform and inspire 
people to take butterfly

954
00:51:53,833 --> 00:51:56,500
conservation more seriously. 
I've asked you if you

955
00:51:56,600 --> 00:51:58,300
had to change your 
eyeglass prescription

956
00:51:58,400 --> 00:52:00,633
because you took me 
around to show me how

957
00:52:00,733 --> 00:52:03,933
you look for things. And these 
are very small. And you

958
00:52:04,033 --> 00:52:06,866
have to look under every 
leaf in a long cases.

959
00:52:06,966 --> 00:52:10,433
I'm looking at each leaf. When 
a monarch lays its eggs

960
00:52:10,533 --> 00:52:13,000
more often than not, it's 
going to lay its

961
00:52:13,100 --> 00:52:15,600
eggs underneath the leaf. 
So I'm having to look

962
00:52:15,700 --> 00:52:19,866
underneath the leaves to 
find the eggs. Also many

963
00:52:19,966 --> 00:52:22,300
of the larval stages are 
going to be

964
00:52:22,400 --> 00:52:24,766
underneath the leaves. The thing 
is that's not exclusive,

965
00:52:24,866 --> 00:52:28,866
because I have found some 
eggs laid on top and some

966
00:52:28,966 --> 00:52:32,733
larval on top. Well, I 
wanna to thank you for a

967
00:52:32,833 --> 00:52:36,033
very time consuming but 
important part of the

968
00:52:36,133 --> 00:52:39,600
research that's going to try 
to help us understand how

969
00:52:39,700 --> 00:52:43,000
better to keep this 
beautiful insect as part

970
00:52:43,100 --> 00:52:46,133
of our natural 
surroundings. Thank you.

971
00:52:47,766 --> 00:52:56,566
♪

972
00:52:56,666 --> 00:53:00,033
Rusty Wilson has amazing

973
00:53:00,133 --> 00:53:02,733
knowledge and ability to 
spot things.

974
00:53:02,833 --> 00:53:06,733
We were really impressed and 
he has been invaluable to

975
00:53:06,833 --> 00:53:10,233
the city chamber in 
providing information to

976
00:53:10,333 --> 00:53:14,666
the monarch alliance. Terasa, 
we have about two and a half

977
00:53:14,766 --> 00:53:17,633
minutes left is there 
something Laura Lee maybe

978
00:53:17,733 --> 00:53:21,433
can help us with in that 
amount of time?

979
00:53:21,533 --> 00:53:24,600
I think so. A viewer is having 
trouble with her palm

980
00:53:24,700 --> 00:53:26,966
trees saying they just 
don't look as healthy as

981
00:53:27,066 --> 00:53:30,366
they used to. She's seen 
fertilizer that says

982
00:53:30,466 --> 00:53:33,633
it specially made for 
palms. And she wants to know

983
00:53:33,733 --> 00:53:35,666
should she use that.

984
00:53:35,766 --> 00:53:38,533
Laura Lee people package 
things up in

985
00:53:38,633 --> 00:53:42,233
lots of different ways. 
Is this a good

986
00:53:42,333 --> 00:53:45,466
way to do it or should 
we kind of be like those

987
00:53:45,566 --> 00:53:49,100
Clemson Extension people and say 
go do a soil test.

988
00:53:50,700 --> 00:53:55,433
There are some nutritional 
deficiencies

989
00:53:55,533 --> 00:53:57,233
that affect palm trees. So the

990
00:53:57,333 --> 00:54:01,666
soil test does take the guess 
work out but the

991
00:54:01,766 --> 00:54:05,333
symptomatic problems, 
you'll see certain called

992
00:54:05,433 --> 00:54:12,833
from frizzle or you'll 
see yellowing leaves on the

993
00:54:12,933 --> 00:54:16,666
old or you may see problems 
with the new growth.

994
00:54:16,766 --> 00:54:22,200
But the soil test will really 
take that guess work out.

995
00:54:22,300 --> 00:54:26,966
- and magnesium and 
potassium are all

996
00:54:27,066 --> 00:54:30,766
really important for the growth 
of healthy palm trees.

997
00:54:30,866 --> 00:54:33,766
So palm fertilizer is better 
than no fertilizer. Okay! So if

998
00:54:33,866 --> 00:54:35,500
that's all you can manage.

999
00:54:35,600 --> 00:54:37,366
But just do 
follow the directions and

1000
00:54:37,466 --> 00:54:41,700
don't over-fertilize. 
Correct!. And I think the same

1001
00:54:41,800 --> 00:54:45,733
thing goes with 
watering too. People

1002
00:54:45,833 --> 00:54:48,100
really should have a rain 
gauge. And what do they

1003
00:54:48,200 --> 00:54:50,366
think about an inch a 
week is about

1004
00:54:50,466 --> 00:54:56,166
normal, Laura Lee? - plants with 
new transplants you give

1005
00:54:56,266 --> 00:54:59,900
a little more but 
and using native plants

1006
00:55:00,000 --> 00:55:03,566
that are drought tolerant. 
And I'm although we know

1007
00:55:03,666 --> 00:55:05,800
fall is the best time to 
plant, a lot of

1008
00:55:05,900 --> 00:55:08,466
people just can't resist 
bringing things home now.

1009
00:55:08,566 --> 00:55:10,700
And they will have to 
supply supplemental

1010
00:55:10,800 --> 00:55:12,933
irrigation. And if you 
don't have tree bags

1011
00:55:13,033 --> 00:55:16,100
Laura Lee, sometimes I've 
just gotten a five gallon

1012
00:55:16,200 --> 00:55:18,233
buckets and drew a little 
hole or two in

1013
00:55:18,333 --> 00:55:21,466
the bottom. And then 
it may

1014
00:55:21,566 --> 00:55:24,133
not be attractive but 
it's better than a dead plant.

1015
00:55:24,233 --> 00:55:29,366
What do you think? 
Yes. Small holes seep out

1016
00:55:29,466 --> 00:55:32,400
over time. And then you 
know how much water you

1017
00:55:32,500 --> 00:55:35,433
actually delivered to the plant. 
Well I think I'm gonna

1018
00:55:35,533 --> 00:55:37,666
have to stop you there 
and say thanks to each

1019
00:55:37,766 --> 00:55:41,166
and every one of you for 
answering questions and

1020
00:55:41,266 --> 00:55:43,400
give information to our 
viewers tonight. Thank you

1021
00:55:43,500 --> 00:55:46,100
and thank you all for watching. 
We'll be with you again

1022
00:55:46,200 --> 00:55:48,733
next week. We'll have more 
beautiful gardens, more

1023
00:55:48,833 --> 00:55:52,133
answers to questions. And 
I hope you enjoy the evening.

1024
00:55:52,233 --> 00:55:53,500
Night. Night. everybody.

1025
00:55:53,600 --> 00:56:06,366
♪

1026
00:56:06,466 --> 00:56:07,733
Making it Grow is brought

1027
00:56:07,833 --> 00:56:10,466
to you in part by the 
South Carolina Department

1028
00:56:10,566 --> 00:56:13,633
of Agriculture. Certified 
South Carolina grown

1029
00:56:13,733 --> 00:56:17,033
helps consumers identify 
find and buy South

1030
00:56:17,133 --> 00:56:20,466
Carolina products. McLeod 
Farms in McBee

1031
00:56:20,566 --> 00:56:23,433
South Carolina. This 
family farm offers

1032
00:56:23,533 --> 00:56:25,966
seasonal produce 
including over 22

1033
00:56:26,066 --> 00:56:29,233
varieties of peaches. 
Additional funding

1034
00:56:29,333 --> 00:56:32,500
provided by International 
Paper and the South

1035
00:56:32,600 --> 00:56:34,866
Carolina Farm Bureau 
Federation and Farm

1036
00:56:34,966 --> 00:56:36,233
Bureau Insurance.