1 00:00:00,933 --> 00:00:02,600 Making It Grow is brought to you in part by 2 00:00:02,600 --> 00:00:05,800 Certified South Carolina is a cooperative effort 3 00:00:05,800 --> 00:00:08,633 among farmers, retailers and the South Carolina 4 00:00:08,633 --> 00:00:12,533 Department of Agriculture to help consumers identify 5 00:00:12,533 --> 00:00:15,333 foods and agricultural products that are grown, 6 00:00:15,333 --> 00:00:18,800 harvested or raised right here in the Palmetto State. 7 00:00:20,200 --> 00:00:22,933 The Boyd Foundation supporting outdoor 8 00:00:22,933 --> 00:00:25,200 recreational opportunities, 9 00:00:25,200 --> 00:00:29,200 the appreciation of wildlife, educational programs 10 00:00:29,200 --> 00:00:32,700 and enhancing the quality of life in Columbia, South Carolina 11 00:00:32,700 --> 00:00:35,166 and the Midlands at large. 12 00:00:35,166 --> 00:00:39,100 McLeod Farms in McBee, South Carolina. 13 00:00:39,100 --> 00:00:42,766 Family owned and operated since 1916. 14 00:00:42,766 --> 00:00:46,066 This family farm offers seasonal produce, 15 00:00:46,066 --> 00:00:50,500 including over 40 varieties of peaches. 16 00:00:50,500 --> 00:00:52,866 Additional funding provided by 17 00:00:52,866 --> 00:00:55,633 the South Carolina Farm Bureau Federation 18 00:00:55,633 --> 00:00:57,833 and Farm Bureau Insurance 19 00:00:57,833 --> 00:01:00,700 and Boone Hall Farms. 20 00:01:01,900 --> 00:01:05,800 ♪ opening music ♪ 21 00:01:05,800 --> 00:01:11,966 ♪ 22 00:01:11,966 --> 00:01:18,466 ♪ 23 00:01:18,466 --> 00:01:24,533 ♪ 24 00:01:24,533 --> 00:01:32,500 ♪ 25 00:01:32,500 --> 00:01:33,900 Well, good evening, and welcome 26 00:01:33,900 --> 00:01:35,866 to Making It Grow. We're so glad that you can 27 00:01:35,866 --> 00:01:38,200 join us tonight. I'm Amanda McNulty, 28 00:01:38,200 --> 00:01:40,566 a Clemson Extension agent, and I get to come here 29 00:01:40,566 --> 00:01:42,866 and be with my co-host and friend Terasa Lott, 30 00:01:42,866 --> 00:01:44,700 and Terasa, we learned so much because we have 31 00:01:44,700 --> 00:01:46,033 these great guests every week. 32 00:01:46,033 --> 00:01:48,033 We really do. It's so much fun, 33 00:01:48,033 --> 00:01:50,800 and for me learning, I don't know, it just gives me 34 00:01:50,800 --> 00:01:52,500 this satisfaction, especially if it's like 35 00:01:52,500 --> 00:01:54,233 little tidbits of trivia. 36 00:01:54,233 --> 00:01:56,966 Well, you are the Master Gardener coordinator, 37 00:01:56,966 --> 00:01:58,866 and you now have a honorary 38 00:01:58,866 --> 00:02:02,533 horticulture degree, because you know so much, Terasa, 39 00:02:02,533 --> 00:02:04,633 and I guess part of that's because, you know, 40 00:02:04,633 --> 00:02:06,233 you were working with agents and all that 41 00:02:06,233 --> 00:02:07,400 as the Master Gardener coordinator, 42 00:02:07,400 --> 00:02:09,566 you hear things that are being talked about? 43 00:02:09,566 --> 00:02:12,133 I certainly try. I don't know if 44 00:02:12,133 --> 00:02:15,333 I am deserving of an honorary horticulture degree, 45 00:02:15,333 --> 00:02:16,633 but always try to absorb as much 46 00:02:16,633 --> 00:02:17,800 information as I can. 47 00:02:17,800 --> 00:02:19,700 Well, you certainly bring a lot 48 00:02:19,700 --> 00:02:21,566 of that knowledge to us right here, 49 00:02:21,566 --> 00:02:24,400 and Vicky Bertagnolli, you work with HGIC, 50 00:02:24,400 --> 00:02:25,866 but you also still have some connections 51 00:02:25,866 --> 00:02:28,266 with the Aiken Extension office, I believe. 52 00:02:28,266 --> 00:02:31,966 Yep. So I've been with Extension since 2008, 53 00:02:31,966 --> 00:02:36,100 and I've been in the Aiken extension office since 2010. 54 00:02:36,100 --> 00:02:37,433 So, I get to work there 55 00:02:37,433 --> 00:02:38,900 and part time for the HGIC. 56 00:02:38,900 --> 00:02:41,633 Okay, and if you ever hear of that 57 00:02:41,633 --> 00:02:43,033 Vicky's going to be speaking somewhere, 58 00:02:43,033 --> 00:02:45,066 you've just got to go Vicky. You just, it's 59 00:02:45,066 --> 00:02:48,666 like she's drinking - she's had 19 cups of coffee. 60 00:02:48,666 --> 00:02:51,800 She's just the most excited person to be talking, 61 00:02:51,800 --> 00:02:53,300 and, I was at a meeting one time 62 00:02:53,300 --> 00:02:54,800 and these people, it was just these people 63 00:02:54,800 --> 00:02:56,766 had to be there, and they weren't, 64 00:02:56,766 --> 00:02:59,400 ...they had to be there to get hours, 65 00:02:59,400 --> 00:03:02,766 and they all put down their books 66 00:03:02,766 --> 00:03:05,700 or their phones and said, Who is this woman? 67 00:03:05,700 --> 00:03:08,600 I'm learning so much and they were excited about you. 68 00:03:08,600 --> 00:03:11,866 I love going, having a speaking engagement 69 00:03:11,866 --> 00:03:13,866 is one of my most favorite things about this job 70 00:03:13,866 --> 00:03:16,833 It comes across. Okay, and Rob Last you are a 71 00:03:16,833 --> 00:03:19,500 commercial horticulture agent, and you used to be 72 00:03:19,500 --> 00:03:21,266 down where they grew lots of watermelons and things, 73 00:03:21,266 --> 00:03:23,766 and now you're in Lexington, and I know 74 00:03:23,766 --> 00:03:26,000 they do lots of strawberries there. What else are 75 00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:27,400 you helping people with? 76 00:03:27,400 --> 00:03:29,100 That's right, Amanda. We also do a lot 77 00:03:29,100 --> 00:03:31,433 of leafy greens. So right now we're busy 78 00:03:31,433 --> 00:03:33,933 transplanting and planting collards? 79 00:03:33,933 --> 00:03:36,233 Oh, of course you do. Yes. Yes. >> All those sorts 80 00:03:36,233 --> 00:03:38,733 of good things ready, for ready for Fall Market? 81 00:03:38,733 --> 00:03:42,266 ...and so do most of those going to be fresh 82 00:03:42,266 --> 00:03:44,500 market or some of them canned or frozen? 83 00:03:44,500 --> 00:03:45,933 Or tell me the extent of the things. 84 00:03:45,933 --> 00:03:47,866 That's a really good question, 85 00:03:47,866 --> 00:03:49,500 and most of what we grow in Lexington County 86 00:03:49,500 --> 00:03:51,066 is going to be going for fresh market. 87 00:03:51,066 --> 00:03:52,800 Okay. Well, I have a funny story to 88 00:03:52,800 --> 00:03:56,033 tell you. When my mother felt fatigued, she would 89 00:03:56,033 --> 00:04:00,033 say I need some Lexington County tender greens, 90 00:04:00,033 --> 00:04:02,633 and um, which is a type of mustard green, I believe 91 00:04:02,633 --> 00:04:03,833 That's correct. Yes. 92 00:04:03,833 --> 00:04:05,466 So, she would come home and cook those up, 93 00:04:05,466 --> 00:04:07,800 and she said it was restorative. So, and they are wonderful 94 00:04:07,800 --> 00:04:09,033 for you, aren't they. 95 00:04:09,033 --> 00:04:11,100 That's it. So I mean, a lot of the brassicas 96 00:04:11,100 --> 00:04:12,966 with the high gluconate compounds have some 97 00:04:12,966 --> 00:04:17,133 anti-carcinogenic properties, as well. 98 00:04:17,133 --> 00:04:19,533 Well, anyway, they just made her feel better, 99 00:04:19,533 --> 00:04:21,166 gave her a little pep, 100 00:04:21,166 --> 00:04:24,533 and Mary Vargo, you are now - Tell me about your new position. 101 00:04:24,533 --> 00:04:26,900 Yeah, it's a new transition for me. 102 00:04:26,900 --> 00:04:28,633 I'm still with Clemson just now at the 103 00:04:28,633 --> 00:04:31,933 Botanical Garden as the Extension outreach 104 00:04:31,933 --> 00:04:32,966 and garden manager there, so. 105 00:04:32,966 --> 00:04:35,033 - and tell people where the 106 00:04:35,033 --> 00:04:36,300 Botanical Garden is. Not everybody knows 107 00:04:36,300 --> 00:04:38,300 where it is. They don't know when it's open 108 00:04:38,300 --> 00:04:39,800 and they don't know how much it costs. 109 00:04:39,800 --> 00:04:41,833 Yeah, well, it's free. It's open to the public. 110 00:04:41,833 --> 00:04:43,733 It's right kind of on that main 111 00:04:43,733 --> 00:04:46,133 road when you're pulling into Clemson. 112 00:04:46,133 --> 00:04:48,266 Sometimes people can just pass by it, but we've got a huge 113 00:04:48,266 --> 00:04:50,433 sign out there that says South Carolina Botanical 114 00:04:50,433 --> 00:04:53,866 Garden and there's lots to see and lots of lots 115 00:04:53,866 --> 00:04:56,766 of spaces to roam and see really beautiful things. 116 00:04:56,766 --> 00:04:59,400 Well, we're glad that they'll let you come down here. 117 00:04:59,400 --> 00:05:01,966 Mary, I think y'all have a good bit 118 00:05:01,966 --> 00:05:05,633 of parking there for people, and you don't 119 00:05:05,633 --> 00:05:08,366 have to be worried about having to back into some 120 00:05:08,366 --> 00:05:09,666 tiny little space. 121 00:05:09,666 --> 00:05:11,366 No. There's lots of parking areas. 122 00:05:11,366 --> 00:05:13,100 There's one right when you pull into the gate 123 00:05:13,100 --> 00:05:15,366 and then there's one further down the lane if 124 00:05:15,366 --> 00:05:18,200 you go into the desert garden area, 125 00:05:18,200 --> 00:05:19,766 a huge parking spot there. 126 00:05:19,766 --> 00:05:21,366 - and we're really looking forward to, 127 00:05:21,366 --> 00:05:24,500 to visiting you up there. We can't wait to see you there. 128 00:05:24,500 --> 00:05:25,800 It's just a marvelous resource 129 00:05:25,800 --> 00:05:27,300 for South Carolina with the beautiful 130 00:05:27,300 --> 00:05:29,033 South Carolina Botanical Garden. 131 00:05:29,033 --> 00:05:30,833 Definitely. It's - we got a lot of stuff 132 00:05:30,833 --> 00:05:32,966 to show off there. You sure do. 133 00:05:32,966 --> 00:05:34,400 We have some fun things for you 134 00:05:34,400 --> 00:05:38,500 to watch as we get to little interstitials, tonight. 135 00:05:38,500 --> 00:05:39,933 We're going to the Irmo Middle School, 136 00:05:39,933 --> 00:05:42,833 a pollinator garden. You'll have a grand time there. 137 00:05:42,833 --> 00:05:44,333 We certainly did. Austin Jenkins, 138 00:05:44,333 --> 00:05:46,466 a naturalist extraordinaire, 139 00:05:46,466 --> 00:05:49,833 comes to talk to us about cicadas and the heifer project, 140 00:05:49,833 --> 00:05:52,400 which is a look back at the past 141 00:05:52,400 --> 00:05:56,033 because our 30th anniversary is coming up, has a segment 142 00:05:56,033 --> 00:05:59,200 of my trying to lead a cow, not something that 143 00:05:59,200 --> 00:06:03,100 I do every day, and then that tells you that we 144 00:06:03,100 --> 00:06:07,233 are also going to be at the state fair, 145 00:06:07,233 --> 00:06:10,466 because they have lots of people showing cows at the State Fair, 146 00:06:10,466 --> 00:06:12,066 and October the 18th, 147 00:06:12,066 --> 00:06:14,266 and we're going to do a show there. It's going to be 148 00:06:14,266 --> 00:06:16,166 in the afternoon, and I hope that you will come 149 00:06:16,166 --> 00:06:18,833 and join us we would love to see you, 150 00:06:18,833 --> 00:06:20,900 and you can bring a hat if you want to. 151 00:06:20,900 --> 00:06:24,766 I'll have a hat too. Please remember that's 152 00:06:24,766 --> 00:06:28,333 October the 18th at the South Carolina State Fair. 153 00:06:28,333 --> 00:06:29,733 Well, Terasa, you usually start us off 154 00:06:29,733 --> 00:06:32,666 with wonderful, beautiful things. So let's do that. 155 00:06:32,666 --> 00:06:35,200 Yes, that's our gardens of the week segment, 156 00:06:35,200 --> 00:06:38,266 and it's the time when you can show off 157 00:06:38,266 --> 00:06:39,733 what you're doing in your yard, your garden 158 00:06:39,733 --> 00:06:42,333 or maybe you've captured one of South Carolina's 159 00:06:42,333 --> 00:06:45,433 beautiful places. Today we begin 160 00:06:45,433 --> 00:06:48,333 with Jane Lagrone who's in Clemson and she shared 161 00:06:48,333 --> 00:06:50,933 an assortment of brightly colored zinnias 162 00:06:50,933 --> 00:06:55,166 from her neighbor's garden, Nancy Tompkins, and she said 163 00:06:55,166 --> 00:06:58,666 that Nancy always is nice to share her flowers, 164 00:06:58,666 --> 00:07:00,100 and I believe that Jane helps to take 165 00:07:00,100 --> 00:07:03,933 care of them when Nancy goes away. 166 00:07:03,933 --> 00:07:06,066 So, what a nice relationship. 167 00:07:06,066 --> 00:07:08,200 Laura Doctor in North Myrtle Beach 168 00:07:08,200 --> 00:07:10,666 shared double purple datura flowers 169 00:07:10,666 --> 00:07:12,700 and one of the common names for this plant is 170 00:07:12,700 --> 00:07:15,233 Devil's trumpet. 171 00:07:15,233 --> 00:07:18,133 - and it makes a loud noise if it's double. 172 00:07:18,133 --> 00:07:19,866 (laughs) 173 00:07:19,866 --> 00:07:23,500 Sharon Schrader shared that's 174 00:07:23,500 --> 00:07:26,300 three S's in a row, Sharon Schrader shared 175 00:07:26,300 --> 00:07:28,600 a landscaped area that combines in the ground 176 00:07:28,600 --> 00:07:30,600 plantings with containers, and I love 177 00:07:30,600 --> 00:07:33,100 that she has two little trucks in there that 178 00:07:33,100 --> 00:07:36,166 she used as decorative accents. 179 00:07:36,166 --> 00:07:41,066 From Ann Barber, a plate bearing pickled peppers that she reports 180 00:07:41,066 --> 00:07:43,300 to have grown herself in the garden 181 00:07:43,300 --> 00:07:45,366 Plate of pickled peppers. 182 00:07:45,366 --> 00:07:47,000 (laughing) 183 00:07:47,000 --> 00:07:50,733 and we wrap up today with Marilyn Boggs, 184 00:07:50,733 --> 00:07:53,133 who shared one of the swallowtail butterflies, 185 00:07:53,133 --> 00:07:55,200 and in this picture, you can really see 186 00:07:55,200 --> 00:07:57,133 the projections on the hind wings, 187 00:07:57,133 --> 00:08:00,233 which gives it the name swallowtail. 188 00:08:00,233 --> 00:08:03,933 So thank you to everyone that shared photos with us. 189 00:08:03,933 --> 00:08:06,066 I received them in a multitude of ways. 190 00:08:06,066 --> 00:08:07,833 You can post them on our Facebook page, 191 00:08:07,833 --> 00:08:11,066 share them in Messenger, send them to me in email, 192 00:08:11,066 --> 00:08:14,466 and then a random assortment gets to make it on the show. 193 00:08:14,466 --> 00:08:16,100 but people can go to the Facebook page 194 00:08:16,100 --> 00:08:18,100 and see all of them there, 195 00:08:18,100 --> 00:08:19,300 and they're just beautiful. 196 00:08:19,300 --> 00:08:21,166 They really are, and each one is 197 00:08:21,166 --> 00:08:23,300 unique in its own way. 198 00:08:23,300 --> 00:08:26,333 Terasa, people also ask questions, 199 00:08:26,333 --> 00:08:28,300 sometimes they put those on Facebook or get them 200 00:08:28,300 --> 00:08:30,400 to people in various ways, and then sometimes 201 00:08:30,400 --> 00:08:33,233 our guests have questions that they'd gotten. 202 00:08:33,233 --> 00:08:35,866 What should we start with tonight? 203 00:08:35,866 --> 00:08:40,066 We're going to start with a unusual looking, 204 00:08:40,066 --> 00:08:42,366 we'll say feature on a fern, 205 00:08:42,366 --> 00:08:45,866 and sometimes the questions come in just as pictures, 206 00:08:45,866 --> 00:08:47,600 and we don't always know what the 207 00:08:47,600 --> 00:08:49,633 question is, and this one was like that. 208 00:08:49,633 --> 00:08:52,200 So it was just kind of a picture, and you know, 209 00:08:52,200 --> 00:08:54,500 we assume if there was a question, it would be 210 00:08:54,500 --> 00:08:58,033 what are these odd looking ball shapes 211 00:08:58,033 --> 00:08:59,200 on this fern? 212 00:08:59,200 --> 00:09:01,400 Oh, good assumption, Terasa. 213 00:09:01,400 --> 00:09:04,833 Well Vicky, do you have any idea what's going on? 214 00:09:04,833 --> 00:09:08,633 So, Pat is one of our friends in Laurens County, 215 00:09:08,633 --> 00:09:10,333 and she sends lots and lots of pictures, 216 00:09:10,333 --> 00:09:12,500 and this is one of those things 217 00:09:12,500 --> 00:09:14,366 where she'll send a picture and she doesn't 218 00:09:14,366 --> 00:09:16,800 always ask what it is, but I know what 219 00:09:16,800 --> 00:09:19,233 she's wanting to know what it is, and this is really cool. 220 00:09:19,233 --> 00:09:24,200 So this is called a fern leaftier, 221 00:09:24,200 --> 00:09:29,266 and it's a caterpillar, and this particular caterpillar 222 00:09:29,266 --> 00:09:33,300 will take. So, we've got a leaf, we've got a frond 223 00:09:33,300 --> 00:09:35,300 and it'll take those leaflets and fold 224 00:09:35,300 --> 00:09:38,966 the tips of the leaflets, and it ties it 225 00:09:38,966 --> 00:09:40,900 together with a little piece of silk, 226 00:09:40,900 --> 00:09:43,966 and it makes a little it makes a little ball. 227 00:09:43,966 --> 00:09:46,700 It's a little domicile for this caterpillar, 228 00:09:46,700 --> 00:09:51,166 and it'll live inside there, and it'll make sometimes 229 00:09:51,166 --> 00:09:53,600 it'll make two or three of them real close together 230 00:09:53,600 --> 00:09:54,800 and as it grows, it'll 231 00:09:54,800 --> 00:09:57,700 move into another one of these little fern balls 232 00:09:57,700 --> 00:10:01,266 and it's in there doing its thing. 233 00:10:01,266 --> 00:10:04,033 It's eating some of the foliage. Yes. 234 00:10:04,033 --> 00:10:07,266 >> and it's going to be deprecating inside there too. 235 00:10:07,266 --> 00:10:09,700 and what they - a reason to move it at some point. 236 00:10:09,700 --> 00:10:11,400 What scientists think that is happening 237 00:10:11,400 --> 00:10:12,633 is that they're using that frass 238 00:10:12,633 --> 00:10:17,400 as a, not just using the dome itself, 239 00:10:17,400 --> 00:10:21,500 the ball itself as protection from a predator, 240 00:10:21,500 --> 00:10:23,233 but they're also using the frass 241 00:10:23,233 --> 00:10:27,433 in there to deter predators also. Wow. 242 00:10:27,433 --> 00:10:31,466 and so there's three different species of this 243 00:10:31,466 --> 00:10:33,633 caterpillar that will do this, but they're all in 244 00:10:33,633 --> 00:10:36,433 the same genus. It's Herpetogramma, 245 00:10:36,433 --> 00:10:38,666 is what the genus is, 246 00:10:38,666 --> 00:10:40,700 and one of the cool things is, is when 247 00:10:40,700 --> 00:10:44,400 this caterpillar moves out, and it's done with 248 00:10:44,400 --> 00:10:47,733 these little fern balls, spiders will move in 249 00:10:47,733 --> 00:10:49,133 and use it as a little house. 250 00:10:49,133 --> 00:10:50,600 Isn't that just the most charming thing 251 00:10:50,600 --> 00:10:55,133 you've ever heard? Well, does the moth lay 252 00:10:55,133 --> 00:10:57,566 the eggs on ferns? So, it's going to 253 00:10:57,566 --> 00:11:00,533 lay it on the fern and then that egg 254 00:11:00,533 --> 00:11:02,266 is going to hatch and then that caterpillar 255 00:11:02,266 --> 00:11:03,433 is going to start... 256 00:11:03,433 --> 00:11:05,800 - making different sized little... 257 00:11:05,800 --> 00:11:10,666 >> Right, and it's specific to fern. 258 00:11:10,666 --> 00:11:16,066 So, this caterpillar is not going to go lay on a canna leaf 259 00:11:16,066 --> 00:11:18,200 or in an oak tree or anything like that. 260 00:11:18,200 --> 00:11:19,900 These are specific to ferns, 261 00:11:19,900 --> 00:11:21,333 The relationships between 262 00:11:21,333 --> 00:11:23,933 plants and animals in the environment 263 00:11:23,933 --> 00:11:26,133 is fascinating, isn't it? Yep. 264 00:11:26,133 --> 00:11:28,100 That is just too cool for school. 265 00:11:28,100 --> 00:11:29,500 Thank you so very, very much. 266 00:11:29,500 --> 00:11:31,000 Terasa, that's going to be hard to top. 267 00:11:31,000 --> 00:11:32,266 (laughs) 268 00:11:32,266 --> 00:11:33,633 It really is, 269 00:11:33,633 --> 00:11:37,266 but Linda sent a question to us and she 270 00:11:37,266 --> 00:11:39,433 didn't tell me where she was from, but Linda is 271 00:11:39,433 --> 00:11:42,800 curious. She says, "Is it true that there's an 272 00:11:42,800 --> 00:11:47,533 insect that lays eggs inside muscadines? 273 00:11:47,533 --> 00:11:49,133 Whoa! Well... 274 00:11:49,133 --> 00:11:50,866 if it...if there was something in there, 275 00:11:50,866 --> 00:11:52,100 I don't know if you've noticed 276 00:11:52,100 --> 00:11:53,866 because of the seeds that you're going to have 277 00:11:53,866 --> 00:11:55,966 to spit out at some point. 278 00:11:55,966 --> 00:11:57,366 Rob, what do you think? 279 00:11:57,366 --> 00:11:59,600 That sounds like it may be a spotted wing 280 00:11:59,600 --> 00:12:03,500 drosophila, and that's an invasive fruit fly. 281 00:12:03,500 --> 00:12:06,133 It's one of the few - it's the only fruit fly that 282 00:12:06,133 --> 00:12:08,133 we have in South Carolina that will 283 00:12:08,133 --> 00:12:11,800 actually feed and lay its eggs in ripe fruit. 284 00:12:11,800 --> 00:12:14,366 Most of our fruit flies will actually go after 285 00:12:14,366 --> 00:12:16,600 rot, overripe or rotting fruit. 286 00:12:16,600 --> 00:12:18,833 I have a compost bucket sitting 287 00:12:18,833 --> 00:12:20,900 on the counter, and I have to keep a 288 00:12:20,900 --> 00:12:23,266 napkin over it, because it's got all those darn 289 00:12:23,266 --> 00:12:24,433 fruit flies on it. 290 00:12:24,433 --> 00:12:28,300 Yeah, and it's often that those aromas from 291 00:12:28,300 --> 00:12:30,633 the fermentation process have been overripe that 292 00:12:30,633 --> 00:12:31,833 will attract the fruit flies, 293 00:12:31,833 --> 00:12:34,833 but this one goes to real fruits. 294 00:12:34,833 --> 00:12:36,100 Tell me what's going on. 295 00:12:36,100 --> 00:12:38,766 That's correct. Yeah, they feed on a wide range of 296 00:12:38,766 --> 00:12:40,933 soft fruit. Oh, that will be strawberries, 297 00:12:40,933 --> 00:12:42,200 blueberries, blackberries, 298 00:12:42,200 --> 00:12:46,600 raspberries, grapes, even to even peaches and plums, 299 00:12:46,600 --> 00:12:50,633 and what you'll find with these insects, 300 00:12:50,633 --> 00:12:53,300 is that the female has kind of soft shaped 301 00:12:53,300 --> 00:12:54,900 ovipositor and it will pierce 302 00:12:54,900 --> 00:12:57,700 the skin of the fruit, laying... 303 00:12:57,700 --> 00:13:00,666 1 to 3 eggs inside the fruit, which will then 304 00:13:00,666 --> 00:13:03,633 develop and create, you'll find it almost 305 00:13:03,633 --> 00:13:07,000 a sunken type lesion, and a needle prick, 306 00:13:07,000 --> 00:13:08,400 and that's usually characteristic of it 307 00:13:08,400 --> 00:13:10,000 been spotted wing drosophila, 308 00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:11,866 How much damage do they do to the 309 00:13:11,866 --> 00:13:13,433 people who are growing these fruits? 310 00:13:13,433 --> 00:13:16,133 Commercially, they're really big problem, 311 00:13:16,133 --> 00:13:17,600 because you don't know the larvae is 312 00:13:17,600 --> 00:13:20,433 in there until you've actually harvested the fruit, 313 00:13:20,433 --> 00:13:23,766 or unfortunately, the consumer actually 314 00:13:23,766 --> 00:13:26,400 gets the fruit and finds the larvae in there. 315 00:13:26,400 --> 00:13:28,900 There are things that we do commercially regarding 316 00:13:28,900 --> 00:13:31,700 temperature control. We can actually halt 317 00:13:31,700 --> 00:13:34,300 the lifecycle of the larvae 318 00:13:34,300 --> 00:13:37,866 by keeping the temperature really well regulated. 319 00:13:37,866 --> 00:13:41,166 So about the temperature of a domestic fridge. Okay. 320 00:13:41,166 --> 00:13:44,200 So if I got a bunch 321 00:13:44,200 --> 00:13:45,833 of strawberries or something and one was 322 00:13:45,833 --> 00:13:48,266 in there, would I even notice it? 323 00:13:48,266 --> 00:13:50,233 You may not. You may not I may not, 324 00:13:50,233 --> 00:13:53,400 I know because they're kind of small. They really are. 325 00:13:53,400 --> 00:13:55,933 They're also not going to do you any harm if you 326 00:13:55,933 --> 00:13:57,233 do happen to ingest them. 327 00:13:57,233 --> 00:13:58,400 Yeah. Yeah. 328 00:13:58,400 --> 00:13:59,833 I heard on a farm one time 329 00:13:59,833 --> 00:14:02,133 that they use pheromone ties to kind of distract 330 00:14:02,133 --> 00:14:03,300 some of the flies. 331 00:14:03,300 --> 00:14:05,066 Is that something that some of your growers ever use? 332 00:14:05,066 --> 00:14:06,500 Absolutely, yeah, we certainly use 333 00:14:06,500 --> 00:14:10,233 pheromone traps. Tell people what pheromones are. 334 00:14:10,233 --> 00:14:12,066 Pheromones are sex hormones that are released 335 00:14:12,066 --> 00:14:14,000 by the males or females to attract the 336 00:14:14,000 --> 00:14:16,600 mate for the insect to actually allow them to 337 00:14:16,600 --> 00:14:18,433 breed and fly away. 338 00:14:18,433 --> 00:14:20,633 ...like an insect specific perfume or aftershave. 339 00:14:20,633 --> 00:14:23,900 Yeah, exactly. There has been some work been done 340 00:14:23,900 --> 00:14:26,466 by North Carolina State University to actually 341 00:14:26,466 --> 00:14:32,166 try and breed gent creates sterile, sterile 342 00:14:32,166 --> 00:14:36,733 females so that way we can maintain the population 343 00:14:36,733 --> 00:14:38,733 from a homeowner perspective and a lot of 344 00:14:38,733 --> 00:14:40,700 my commercial growers will also do this, 345 00:14:40,700 --> 00:14:43,533 they'll set out either red wine vinegar traps, 346 00:14:43,533 --> 00:14:45,500 so we can actually monitor the population 347 00:14:45,500 --> 00:14:47,933 and time an insecticide applications that we're 348 00:14:47,933 --> 00:14:49,933 going to make to actually when we've got 349 00:14:49,933 --> 00:14:51,166 the adults there. 350 00:14:51,166 --> 00:14:54,066 Okay, well, that was just fascinating. 351 00:14:54,066 --> 00:14:55,333 My goodness gracious, 352 00:14:55,333 --> 00:14:57,033 but I'm not going to worry about it because 353 00:14:57,033 --> 00:14:59,333 it's just so little it's really inconspicuous. Okay. 354 00:14:59,333 --> 00:15:01,500 To think of all the fruits, muscadines 355 00:15:01,500 --> 00:15:05,633 would be least susceptible. Yeah, I was reading 356 00:15:05,633 --> 00:15:09,266 something that there is a kind of a threshold by 357 00:15:09,266 --> 00:15:13,366 which that the female can't puncture that skin. 358 00:15:13,366 --> 00:15:14,533 So your softer fruits, I think 359 00:15:14,533 --> 00:15:18,500 blueberries are especially prone to that attack. 360 00:15:18,500 --> 00:15:22,100 Okay, thanks so much. Well, 361 00:15:22,100 --> 00:15:24,200 who else needs to know something? 362 00:15:24,200 --> 00:15:26,600 Ann, who also happened to be from 363 00:15:26,600 --> 00:15:28,966 Laurens County, which was from where Pat was 364 00:15:28,966 --> 00:15:31,866 from? She sent us a photograph. 365 00:15:31,866 --> 00:15:33,033 This one came in on Facebook. 366 00:15:33,033 --> 00:15:34,900 Did this one have a question with it? 367 00:15:34,900 --> 00:15:37,033 It did. (all laugh) Yes, we didn't 368 00:15:37,033 --> 00:15:39,533 have to interpret. She said this 369 00:15:39,533 --> 00:15:41,733 plant her zinnia was beautiful until 370 00:15:41,733 --> 00:15:43,533 recently, and then it seemed to happen within 371 00:15:43,533 --> 00:15:46,266 a week. Can you tell me what this is and how to 372 00:15:46,266 --> 00:15:47,366 treat it? 373 00:15:47,366 --> 00:15:52,566 Ah! Well, Mary, I have zinnias 374 00:15:52,566 --> 00:15:55,366 and mine don't look as good as hers. 375 00:15:55,366 --> 00:15:57,000 I hadn't been worried about it, 376 00:15:57,000 --> 00:15:58,333 but tell us your advice. 377 00:15:58,333 --> 00:15:59,800 Zinnias at the end of the season, 378 00:15:59,800 --> 00:16:01,333 they can tend to look like this. 379 00:16:01,333 --> 00:16:04,000 That's a general kind of leaf spot. Zinnias get several 380 00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:05,733 different leaf spot caused by either 381 00:16:05,733 --> 00:16:08,966 a fungal pathogen or a bacterial pathogen. 382 00:16:08,966 --> 00:16:11,100 This one in particular looks like a fungal pathogen. 383 00:16:11,100 --> 00:16:14,033 I think it is cercospora leaf spot. It's kind of 384 00:16:14,033 --> 00:16:15,900 characteristic to what we usually see with 385 00:16:15,900 --> 00:16:18,533 those symptoms. Usually, that center of the leaf 386 00:16:18,533 --> 00:16:20,466 spot is almost white or gray in color. 387 00:16:20,466 --> 00:16:22,200 Well, does it make any difference, 388 00:16:22,200 --> 00:16:24,000 what's causing the leaf spot? Do I need to 389 00:16:24,000 --> 00:16:25,166 worry about or do anything? 390 00:16:25,166 --> 00:16:28,100 Yeah, so some of these leaf 391 00:16:28,100 --> 00:16:30,233 spots can be seed born. So if they're receding 392 00:16:30,233 --> 00:16:34,566 in that area, you might want to maybe get fresh seed, 393 00:16:34,566 --> 00:16:36,466 but for the most part, it's just 394 00:16:36,466 --> 00:16:39,333 cosmetic damage. There are things you can do, 395 00:16:39,333 --> 00:16:41,333 like make sure you're not overhead, watering, 396 00:16:41,333 --> 00:16:44,000 splashing any of those fungal spores everywhere, 397 00:16:44,000 --> 00:16:46,066 but for the most part, at the end of the season, 398 00:16:46,066 --> 00:16:48,200 zinnias tend to sort of look like this, 399 00:16:48,200 --> 00:16:49,466 but the main thing is just 400 00:16:49,466 --> 00:16:52,466 making sure you planted them in the right spot, and you're 401 00:16:52,466 --> 00:16:54,766 avoiding overhead watering or splashing 402 00:16:54,766 --> 00:16:57,866 any of those spores around. So there are some... 403 00:16:57,866 --> 00:17:00,466 - but don't go out there and stand with an umbrella 404 00:17:00,466 --> 00:17:01,600 over them. It does rain sometimes. 405 00:17:01,600 --> 00:17:03,833 No. Yeah, maybe try a fresh batch, 406 00:17:03,833 --> 00:17:05,866 and then next year, remove all 407 00:17:05,866 --> 00:17:08,400 that foliage just so you don't have any, 408 00:17:08,400 --> 00:17:09,766 inoculum into the next growing season. 409 00:17:09,766 --> 00:17:11,200 All right, well, thank you so much. 410 00:17:11,200 --> 00:17:14,200 So I love it when it's something just, 411 00:17:14,200 --> 00:17:16,900 you know, turn your back and do something. 412 00:17:16,900 --> 00:17:19,133 Exactly, yeah. All right. Thank you. 413 00:17:19,133 --> 00:17:21,800 We went to the Irmo Middle School 414 00:17:21,800 --> 00:17:23,333 and they have a pollinator garden, 415 00:17:23,333 --> 00:17:25,966 and the way they've in it interspersed it 416 00:17:25,966 --> 00:17:27,966 with things for the children to learn, 417 00:17:27,966 --> 00:17:30,066 is just fascinating. We had a great day, 418 00:17:30,066 --> 00:17:31,800 and I hope you will too, 419 00:17:33,600 --> 00:17:37,366 ♪ music ♪ 420 00:17:37,366 --> 00:17:39,066 Welcome to the pollinator garden. 421 00:17:39,066 --> 00:17:40,666 >> This is a brochure that students 422 00:17:40,666 --> 00:17:44,066 have put together to talk about the monarch butterflies. 423 00:17:44,066 --> 00:17:46,533 >> The monarch butterflies are very crucial for our 424 00:17:46,533 --> 00:17:49,833 environment and ecosystem, and there are 425 00:17:49,833 --> 00:17:53,966 over 150 crops in the US that are going to be 426 00:17:53,966 --> 00:17:56,533 necessary for pollination. 427 00:17:56,533 --> 00:17:57,900 It's what the monarchs do. 428 00:17:57,900 --> 00:18:01,800 and without our crops been, we might not survive. 429 00:18:01,800 --> 00:18:04,500 So it's good that monarchs are pollinating our crops. 430 00:18:04,500 --> 00:18:06,300 >> In the beginning of the year, we learned that 431 00:18:06,300 --> 00:18:09,266 the butterflies come from Canada, 432 00:18:09,266 --> 00:18:12,433 down through the US into Mexico, and they just 433 00:18:12,433 --> 00:18:16,366 they stay there through the winter, and just go 434 00:18:16,366 --> 00:18:18,933 back when they're ready after winter. 435 00:18:18,933 --> 00:18:21,800 >> Throughout the year, we tag monarch butterflies. 436 00:18:21,800 --> 00:18:23,566 First we capture them in the garden, and we tag 437 00:18:23,566 --> 00:18:28,400 them carefully on the wings with these marking tags. 438 00:18:28,400 --> 00:18:31,233 This - the tags are not harmful at all. 439 00:18:31,233 --> 00:18:32,533 They go carefully on the wing 440 00:18:32,533 --> 00:18:33,733 and we capture them 441 00:18:33,733 --> 00:18:35,933 to make sure that we can see if any of our monarchs 442 00:18:35,933 --> 00:18:37,266 that we find within the garden 443 00:18:37,266 --> 00:18:39,100 are recovered in Mexico. 444 00:18:39,100 --> 00:18:41,900 ...and in order for those monarchs to have 445 00:18:41,900 --> 00:18:44,900 a stable and normal migration process, 446 00:18:44,900 --> 00:18:47,066 they have to have certain kinds of milkweed. 447 00:18:47,066 --> 00:18:49,300 So whenever they come through South Carolina, 448 00:18:49,300 --> 00:18:51,666 there are three native species of milkweed, 449 00:18:51,666 --> 00:18:55,333 we have Asclepias incarnata, also known as swamp milkweed, 450 00:18:55,333 --> 00:18:58,333 You have Tuberosa, also known 451 00:18:58,333 --> 00:19:01,266 as butterfly milkweed, and there's syriaca, 452 00:19:01,266 --> 00:19:02,933 also known as common milkweed. 453 00:19:02,933 --> 00:19:05,500 ...but unfortunately, monarchs are endangered 454 00:19:05,500 --> 00:19:08,233 or are declining for a variety of reasons. 455 00:19:08,233 --> 00:19:11,033 So basically, the milkweed supply 456 00:19:11,033 --> 00:19:13,300 is just running low, and without those plants, 457 00:19:13,300 --> 00:19:16,166 they are the only like resource for the monarchs to be 458 00:19:16,166 --> 00:19:18,866 able to lay their eggs, which means without 459 00:19:18,866 --> 00:19:21,100 the milkweed plants, then they won't be able 460 00:19:21,100 --> 00:19:23,800 to keep reproducing, and are going to leave our 461 00:19:23,800 --> 00:19:26,800 plants just unpollinated. 462 00:19:26,800 --> 00:19:28,466 but there are ways that you can help 463 00:19:28,466 --> 00:19:30,933 with the monarchs. You can plant milkweed, 464 00:19:30,933 --> 00:19:32,833 which is their host plant, as you know. 465 00:19:34,500 --> 00:19:36,066 I'm at Irmo Middle School 466 00:19:36,066 --> 00:19:38,066 and I'm speaking with Will Green, who's a seventh 467 00:19:38,066 --> 00:19:40,933 grade science teacher, you have my condolences 468 00:19:40,933 --> 00:19:43,566 and congratulations for being able to do that. 469 00:19:43,566 --> 00:19:46,733 >> Thank you. I appreciate that. We need those for sure. 470 00:19:46,733 --> 00:19:48,233 and we're sitting in front of a 471 00:19:48,233 --> 00:19:52,066 pollinator garden, and you got the idea to put 472 00:19:52,066 --> 00:19:56,266 this in, I imagine based on the fact that 473 00:19:56,266 --> 00:19:58,433 the monarch butterflies need our support. 474 00:19:58,433 --> 00:19:59,666 That's right. All pollinators 475 00:19:59,666 --> 00:20:01,166 need our support, but we were especially 476 00:20:01,166 --> 00:20:03,566 interested in having a garden that 477 00:20:03,566 --> 00:20:07,100 featured milkweed, which is a monarch's host plant, 478 00:20:07,100 --> 00:20:08,733 and then we also have some other things 479 00:20:08,733 --> 00:20:10,400 in the garden, but the main focus is 480 00:20:10,400 --> 00:20:13,666 three species of native milkweed that we have 481 00:20:13,666 --> 00:20:15,000 in this garden, specifically designed 482 00:20:15,000 --> 00:20:16,800 for the monarchs, but again, 483 00:20:16,800 --> 00:20:18,866 pollinators in general, visit the garden. 484 00:20:18,866 --> 00:20:20,833 I know that's a lovely thing to do, 485 00:20:20,833 --> 00:20:23,700 to support the ecology 486 00:20:23,700 --> 00:20:25,666 of the world of North and South America, 487 00:20:25,666 --> 00:20:29,233 but I've enjoyed talking with some of your students, 488 00:20:29,233 --> 00:20:31,666 and learning about how each one has a 489 00:20:31,666 --> 00:20:34,100 different reason that this garden is so 490 00:20:34,100 --> 00:20:35,966 interesting to them, and what makes them want 491 00:20:35,966 --> 00:20:37,833 to come and work with it. So can you talk 492 00:20:37,833 --> 00:20:40,033 about some of the spin offs, I think that 493 00:20:40,033 --> 00:20:42,366 is the surprising thing you told me that happened as well? 494 00:20:42,366 --> 00:20:44,866 Right. So this, the garden is one 495 00:20:44,866 --> 00:20:47,933 part of the overall work that we do. 496 00:20:47,933 --> 00:20:50,300 It's all intended to give the kids a chance 497 00:20:50,300 --> 00:20:52,433 to take action to become passionate about 498 00:20:52,433 --> 00:20:54,833 something and to take action on some, 499 00:20:54,833 --> 00:20:57,433 some real issues that, you know, that they can 500 00:20:57,433 --> 00:20:59,733 become just interested in 501 00:20:59,733 --> 00:21:02,333 and learn more about, and it's cool for the kids, 502 00:21:02,333 --> 00:21:04,166 because sometimes I'm learning right alongside 503 00:21:04,166 --> 00:21:06,100 them and, and they get a chance to plug into the 504 00:21:06,100 --> 00:21:08,733 work in lots of different ways. 505 00:21:08,733 --> 00:21:13,766 Some of them love the idea and the action of coming 506 00:21:13,766 --> 00:21:16,033 out and catching butterflies catching 507 00:21:16,033 --> 00:21:17,833 monarchs in the garden and tagging them, 508 00:21:17,833 --> 00:21:18,933 - and when they tag them, 509 00:21:18,933 --> 00:21:20,433 that was very peculiar. 510 00:21:20,433 --> 00:21:22,300 It's kind of like putting a sticker on a banana. 511 00:21:22,300 --> 00:21:23,500 Tell me about that. 512 00:21:23,500 --> 00:21:24,900 That's right. The technology has changed 513 00:21:24,900 --> 00:21:27,033 over the years, it used to be just some adhesive 514 00:21:27,033 --> 00:21:29,466 you put on a piece of paper and stick it on the wing, 515 00:21:29,466 --> 00:21:31,066 and now the technology has led us 516 00:21:31,066 --> 00:21:32,733 to a sticker that similar to something you would 517 00:21:32,733 --> 00:21:35,033 find on produce at the grocery store, 518 00:21:35,033 --> 00:21:38,500 and it has a little unique code and a website that 519 00:21:38,500 --> 00:21:41,333 people can go to, and the idea is that we find 520 00:21:41,333 --> 00:21:43,666 out where our monarchs, monarchs that are 521 00:21:43,666 --> 00:21:47,633 on the east coast, where they migrate to, 522 00:21:47,633 --> 00:21:49,866 because they don't all migrate to Mexico, like the ones 523 00:21:49,866 --> 00:21:51,700 in the Midwest that funnel down through 524 00:21:51,700 --> 00:21:54,300 Mexico and into the mountains of Mexico. 525 00:21:54,300 --> 00:21:56,400 So, the idea is that maybe we can, you know, 526 00:21:56,400 --> 00:21:58,500 figure out where our monarchs are heading to. 527 00:21:58,500 --> 00:22:02,066 ...and monarchs leave Mexico, 528 00:22:02,066 --> 00:22:04,600 that's where they spend their winter, and they come up, 529 00:22:04,600 --> 00:22:06,433 and you see a few sometimes on that upward 530 00:22:06,433 --> 00:22:10,133 migration, but the majority of the ones you see, 531 00:22:10,133 --> 00:22:12,933 are coming down in August, I believe. 532 00:22:12,933 --> 00:22:14,900 Yeah, that's right. So, you know, as they migrate, 533 00:22:14,900 --> 00:22:17,200 there's different generations, you know, 534 00:22:17,200 --> 00:22:19,533 four, some even believe, maybe five generations 535 00:22:19,533 --> 00:22:22,133 in between and, there's a super organism 536 00:22:22,133 --> 00:22:25,466 that is genetically different than the others. 537 00:22:25,466 --> 00:22:27,000 There's the one that migrates to Mexico 538 00:22:27,000 --> 00:22:30,533 and roosts over winter and then migrates back, 539 00:22:30,533 --> 00:22:33,533 but we see the majority of our monarchs around 540 00:22:33,533 --> 00:22:36,800 the late August, September 541 00:22:36,800 --> 00:22:39,033 beginning of October time, and that's when we do our tagging, 542 00:22:39,033 --> 00:22:40,766 That's perfect, because that's when the kids are 543 00:22:40,766 --> 00:22:42,766 back in school. That's exactly right. So we hit 544 00:22:42,766 --> 00:22:45,066 the ground running at the beginning of the year, 545 00:22:45,066 --> 00:22:47,100 and we introduce them to this issue 546 00:22:47,100 --> 00:22:49,333 of pollinators in general, but monarchs 547 00:22:49,333 --> 00:22:51,566 specifically, and the decline in their numbers 548 00:22:51,566 --> 00:22:53,766 and why that's happening, and so the 549 00:22:53,766 --> 00:22:56,400 kids right off the bat, just get really deep 550 00:22:56,400 --> 00:22:59,066 into understanding why this work is important. 551 00:22:59,066 --> 00:23:01,500 and that they are going to, you know, become a part 552 00:23:01,500 --> 00:23:03,266 of it, and then have a chance to take action. 553 00:23:03,266 --> 00:23:06,266 We have had, you know, kids go to the 554 00:23:06,266 --> 00:23:09,266 Irmo Town Council and to present to them to ask 555 00:23:09,266 --> 00:23:12,200 for their support, and partner with us 556 00:23:12,200 --> 00:23:14,866 to get milkweed out into the community, specifically 557 00:23:14,866 --> 00:23:20,633 to see the parks and the gardens in the town of Irmo. 558 00:23:20,633 --> 00:23:22,066 We've had kids that, you know, they 559 00:23:22,066 --> 00:23:24,966 take part in terms of, you know, art projects, 560 00:23:24,966 --> 00:23:28,200 Your signs are just great. Exactly, 561 00:23:28,200 --> 00:23:30,100 and to make the signs, you know, 562 00:23:30,100 --> 00:23:31,600 that spread awareness, because that's one 563 00:23:31,600 --> 00:23:35,366 of our ultimate goals, is to spread awareness of the issue. 564 00:23:35,366 --> 00:23:37,233 You know, the signs take a student 565 00:23:37,233 --> 00:23:41,166 that's gifted in the arts and, being artistic, 566 00:23:41,166 --> 00:23:43,300 and it takes a kid that, that, you know, 567 00:23:43,300 --> 00:23:45,333 is good at research and processing information 568 00:23:45,333 --> 00:23:47,400 and putting it in words that are theirs, 569 00:23:47,400 --> 00:23:48,700 but also, you know, it explains 570 00:23:48,700 --> 00:23:52,000 and educates the public with whatever topic they want 571 00:23:52,000 --> 00:23:54,500 to educate them about. So, we're proud of our signs 572 00:23:54,500 --> 00:23:56,066 and the fact that students created them. 573 00:23:56,066 --> 00:23:57,666 - but in your greenhouse, y'all have 574 00:23:57,666 --> 00:24:00,866 a program where you raised bedding plants, 575 00:24:00,866 --> 00:24:03,333 and also the milkweed, and make them available 576 00:24:03,333 --> 00:24:05,500 to the public at some time, and I believe 577 00:24:05,500 --> 00:24:07,233 a lot of the children really like greenhouse work. 578 00:24:07,233 --> 00:24:08,666 That's right, they do, 579 00:24:08,666 --> 00:24:10,633 and you know, we have students in there that have 580 00:24:10,633 --> 00:24:12,733 never put their hands in soil before, and so they 581 00:24:12,733 --> 00:24:15,033 are really excited to be able to do that 582 00:24:15,033 --> 00:24:17,133 and learn the process of planting seeds 583 00:24:17,133 --> 00:24:19,733 and transplanting and we teach them how to root 584 00:24:19,733 --> 00:24:23,300 different things. Our science fair projects 585 00:24:23,300 --> 00:24:25,300 actually have come from work that we do 586 00:24:25,300 --> 00:24:27,533 in the greenhouse, and we get this real relevant 587 00:24:27,533 --> 00:24:30,333 scientific data that we can actually use and put 588 00:24:30,333 --> 00:24:33,333 into practice, you know, with our work the next year. 589 00:24:33,333 --> 00:24:35,866 So it's good stuff, and we realized that, 590 00:24:35,866 --> 00:24:37,566 you know, our efforts to get milkweed 591 00:24:37,566 --> 00:24:39,766 into the community is, you know, that's the 592 00:24:39,766 --> 00:24:41,800 primary focus of the greenhouse, but we also 593 00:24:41,800 --> 00:24:44,400 raise other plants as well and they are 594 00:24:44,400 --> 00:24:46,733 able to plant some vegetables in the raised 595 00:24:46,733 --> 00:24:48,633 beds that we have and some of them you know, 596 00:24:48,633 --> 00:24:51,133 get to harvest the vegetables and take them home. 597 00:24:51,133 --> 00:24:53,666 So, there's a lot of things to do for a lot of students. 598 00:24:53,666 --> 00:24:55,666 - and one of the things that's fun 599 00:24:55,666 --> 00:24:58,000 is of course, you've got the Gulf Fritillary, 600 00:24:58,000 --> 00:24:59,966 and so they learn about mimicry and some other 601 00:24:59,966 --> 00:25:01,666 scientific principles. 602 00:25:01,666 --> 00:25:03,133 That's right. Yeah. So, passion vine 603 00:25:03,133 --> 00:25:04,966 sort of planted itself in our garden, 604 00:25:04,966 --> 00:25:06,666 and that's the host plant for the fritillaries. 605 00:25:06,666 --> 00:25:08,666 and so we get lots of fritillaries in the garden, 606 00:25:08,666 --> 00:25:10,200 and one of the things that they learn 607 00:25:10,200 --> 00:25:12,766 is the difference in flight for monarchs 608 00:25:12,766 --> 00:25:14,933 and fritillaries, as I like to say the fritillaries 609 00:25:14,933 --> 00:25:17,233 just kind of fritillary along and they flap 610 00:25:17,233 --> 00:25:19,600 their wings a lot, where monarchs 611 00:25:19,600 --> 00:25:22,566 will flap their wings and then glide, 612 00:25:22,566 --> 00:25:25,400 and so they're able to identify the difference, 613 00:25:25,400 --> 00:25:27,400 and they learn that the milkweed has 614 00:25:27,400 --> 00:25:30,700 cardenolides in it, which are toxins that the monarchs uptake, 615 00:25:30,700 --> 00:25:33,000 and that is a defense mechanism for them, 616 00:25:33,000 --> 00:25:35,200 and since they are orange, the other orange 617 00:25:35,200 --> 00:25:37,166 butterflies like fritillary sort of get 618 00:25:37,166 --> 00:25:40,500 this mimicry defense because they resemble 619 00:25:40,500 --> 00:25:42,600 monarchs to some of the predators that might, 620 00:25:42,600 --> 00:25:44,133 you know, might want to munch on them. 621 00:25:44,133 --> 00:25:46,533 Y'all send kids out with nets 622 00:25:46,533 --> 00:25:48,700 sometimes, because although most of what 623 00:25:48,700 --> 00:25:51,200 happens naturally here in the garden, 624 00:25:51,200 --> 00:25:53,333 but you do bring some of the caterpillars 625 00:25:53,333 --> 00:25:55,166 inside so that you can watch the process 626 00:25:55,166 --> 00:25:57,266 and they got to come out here and figure out 627 00:25:57,266 --> 00:25:59,233 which orange butterfly I'm supposed to catch. 628 00:25:59,233 --> 00:26:00,800 That's exactly right. 629 00:26:00,800 --> 00:26:01,966 Yeah. So students come out, 630 00:26:01,966 --> 00:26:03,066 and they will bring Monarch caterpillars 631 00:26:03,066 --> 00:26:04,866 back into the classroom just so we can observe 632 00:26:04,866 --> 00:26:07,200 them and watch them, and they will go through 633 00:26:07,200 --> 00:26:09,466 their lifecycle in there, and we can tag them 634 00:26:09,466 --> 00:26:11,300 from inside the classroom, 635 00:26:11,300 --> 00:26:13,933 in addition to catching them, the adults out here 636 00:26:13,933 --> 00:26:16,800 and tagging those, and sure they will, 637 00:26:16,800 --> 00:26:18,633 they have to know the difference in fritillaries 638 00:26:18,633 --> 00:26:21,666 and Monarchs because we don't tag anything but monarchs, 639 00:26:21,666 --> 00:26:23,133 I think you have a partner 640 00:26:23,133 --> 00:26:24,300 who's instrumental in this. 641 00:26:24,300 --> 00:26:26,600 I do. Yeah, I do. 642 00:26:26,600 --> 00:26:29,066 So Cacie Davenport is our seventh grade science teacher, 643 00:26:29,066 --> 00:26:33,066 and she is right in there with me, and doing 644 00:26:33,066 --> 00:26:35,233 all of this work, and so we work together 645 00:26:35,233 --> 00:26:38,533 as a team to make sure that our students are able to 646 00:26:38,533 --> 00:26:41,700 participate and get all of the same experiences, 647 00:26:41,700 --> 00:26:43,866 you know, that we have to offer here 648 00:26:43,866 --> 00:26:46,366 in the garden, and also the greenhouse work as well. 649 00:26:46,366 --> 00:26:48,133 I'd like to put in a plug 650 00:26:48,133 --> 00:26:50,733 for both y'all because I believe y'all have, 651 00:26:50,733 --> 00:26:53,000 you have 9 months appointments or whatever it is, 652 00:26:53,000 --> 00:26:56,666 and yet, y'all are here in the summer, when it's really 653 00:26:56,666 --> 00:26:59,200 hot and I'm happy, a time to be outside 654 00:26:59,200 --> 00:27:01,666 in South Carolina, both of y'all are over here, 655 00:27:01,666 --> 00:27:05,666 spending time in the garden, and you have a true commitment 656 00:27:05,666 --> 00:27:09,500 to enlarging the life of your students 657 00:27:09,500 --> 00:27:11,766 and also being involved in the natural world. 658 00:27:11,766 --> 00:27:12,966 Thank you so much. 659 00:27:12,966 --> 00:27:14,166 Yeah, I appreciate that. 660 00:27:14,166 --> 00:27:17,000 It's...I can't do this alone. I appreciate 661 00:27:17,000 --> 00:27:22,100 and I'm extremely grateful for her help. 662 00:27:22,100 --> 00:27:25,766 It is a lot of hard work. We do put in a lot of hours, 663 00:27:25,766 --> 00:27:27,533 but to see the kids just get really 664 00:27:27,533 --> 00:27:29,933 passionate about something and, you know, 665 00:27:29,933 --> 00:27:31,866 understand that they may carry this from their 666 00:27:31,866 --> 00:27:33,966 seventh grade year on to the rest of their life 667 00:27:33,966 --> 00:27:36,566 and have an appreciation for gardening, 668 00:27:36,566 --> 00:27:38,800 an appreciation for pollinators, monarchs 669 00:27:38,800 --> 00:27:42,800 specifically. You know, that's why we do this work. 670 00:27:42,800 --> 00:27:44,633 - and if people want to know more 671 00:27:44,633 --> 00:27:45,933 about this at all the good things 672 00:27:45,933 --> 00:27:47,400 that happen at Irmo Middle School, 673 00:27:47,400 --> 00:27:49,033 what's the best way to find out? 674 00:27:49,033 --> 00:27:50,666 Well, it's easy, they can just go to 675 00:27:50,666 --> 00:27:52,466 Irmo Middle School's website, and there's a link 676 00:27:52,466 --> 00:27:54,300 on the website that will get them to all the 677 00:27:54,300 --> 00:27:57,133 information about our work and all of the 678 00:27:57,133 --> 00:27:59,500 things that we're doing out here related to 679 00:27:59,500 --> 00:28:01,266 monarchs and milkweed. I've had a grand time. 680 00:28:01,266 --> 00:28:02,600 Thank you for inviting us. 681 00:28:02,600 --> 00:28:04,366 Thank you so much for coming. 682 00:28:04,366 --> 00:28:12,100 (students cheering) 683 00:28:14,100 --> 00:28:15,633 Well, I wish they'd had things like 684 00:28:15,633 --> 00:28:18,033 that when I was in middle school. 685 00:28:18,033 --> 00:28:20,800 It wasn't nearly as much fun. What a lucky bunch of kids 686 00:28:20,800 --> 00:28:23,166 and great teachers over there. 687 00:28:23,166 --> 00:28:26,500 Thanks for letting us come. Well, as always, 688 00:28:26,500 --> 00:28:29,566 you know, hats, hats, hats, and so when I come home 689 00:28:29,566 --> 00:28:32,366 and cross the Congaree River, there's one place 690 00:28:32,366 --> 00:28:34,733 where the guardrail stops and I've noticed 691 00:28:34,733 --> 00:28:36,133 this plant has been there 692 00:28:36,133 --> 00:28:38,400 and I've been watching it, you know, from the beautiful 693 00:28:38,400 --> 00:28:41,566 early blooms and so I pulled over and the dog said, 694 00:28:41,566 --> 00:28:43,433 "Why are we pulling over?". The dog comes 695 00:28:43,433 --> 00:28:46,666 - Blue comes to doggy daycare, and I very carefully 696 00:28:46,666 --> 00:28:48,733 got out and walked down there 697 00:28:48,733 --> 00:28:51,233 and made it through the smilax and it's an array, 698 00:28:51,233 --> 00:28:54,400 it's spinosa or devil's walking stick, 699 00:28:54,400 --> 00:28:57,066 which has...it's not as bad as smilax 700 00:28:57,066 --> 00:28:58,400 because you'd have to put your hand on it. 701 00:28:58,400 --> 00:29:00,300 Smilax just reaches out and grabs you, 702 00:29:00,300 --> 00:29:01,900 but anyway, it's a wonderful, wonderful 703 00:29:01,900 --> 00:29:05,300 native plant and can get, 704 00:29:05,300 --> 00:29:07,600 how tall would you say? Very tall. 705 00:29:07,600 --> 00:29:09,866 Not taller than me, but yeah, 706 00:29:09,866 --> 00:29:11,466 Yeah, it's got a great fall color 707 00:29:11,466 --> 00:29:13,733 actually in the fall it's creamy yellow 708 00:29:13,733 --> 00:29:15,733 and then that contrasts with the purple berries. 709 00:29:15,733 --> 00:29:16,933 It's gorgeous. 710 00:29:16,933 --> 00:29:18,233 ...and when the flowers are in bloom 711 00:29:18,233 --> 00:29:21,033 it's just gorgeous, too. and very attractive. 712 00:29:21,033 --> 00:29:22,800 I imagine the pollinators. 713 00:29:22,800 --> 00:29:24,433 You're our entomologist, Is it...? 714 00:29:24,433 --> 00:29:26,433 If it...as long as it's got a simple flower 715 00:29:26,433 --> 00:29:29,433 on it, the pollinators are going to love it. 716 00:29:29,433 --> 00:29:31,033 Anyway, so it's something you might 717 00:29:31,033 --> 00:29:33,566 want to include in your garden. 718 00:29:33,566 --> 00:29:36,100 It's not that big and it's one wonderful 719 00:29:36,100 --> 00:29:38,433 conversation piece because the truck has 720 00:29:38,433 --> 00:29:41,700 I don't know if their spines or you know, prickles, 721 00:29:41,700 --> 00:29:43,800 but anyway, it's got these long things coming out, 722 00:29:43,800 --> 00:29:46,300 and that's why it's called Devil's walking stick, 723 00:29:46,300 --> 00:29:50,633 and then the white thing is Melanthera nivea, 724 00:29:50,633 --> 00:29:52,700 which is a native plant 725 00:29:52,700 --> 00:29:55,366 that not many people have, and I don't even remember 726 00:29:55,366 --> 00:29:56,700 how I got a start of mine. 727 00:29:56,700 --> 00:29:59,933 It's extraordinarily attractive to pollinators. 728 00:29:59,933 --> 00:30:03,700 Even though the flowers are not that big and showy, 729 00:30:03,700 --> 00:30:06,000 and it's kind of a sprawling thing, but, 730 00:30:06,000 --> 00:30:07,833 you know, late in the year, it's so nice 731 00:30:07,833 --> 00:30:09,766 to have something that the pollinators 732 00:30:09,766 --> 00:30:13,200 have been waiting for and that helps them at that time, 733 00:30:13,200 --> 00:30:16,166 so if you ever get a chance to get one, 734 00:30:16,166 --> 00:30:19,333 Melanthera...I think it's called snowy squarestem. 735 00:30:19,333 --> 00:30:20,433 Are you familiar with it, Vicky? 736 00:30:20,433 --> 00:30:22,400 I'm not but I mean, it looks like 737 00:30:22,400 --> 00:30:25,666 something that like maybe wasps like a lot, 738 00:30:25,666 --> 00:30:28,933 and wasps are absolutely some 739 00:30:28,933 --> 00:30:31,600 of my very favorite pollinators. So I'm a big fan. 740 00:30:31,600 --> 00:30:33,466 Yeah. Okay. Okay. 741 00:30:33,466 --> 00:30:36,066 Well, you can always just take a can of soda 742 00:30:36,066 --> 00:30:39,133 out in the garden this time of year. (laughs) 743 00:30:39,133 --> 00:30:41,300 Have all the wasps you want. 744 00:30:41,300 --> 00:30:45,566 Okay. Okay. All righty. 745 00:30:45,566 --> 00:30:48,833 Terasa, I'm sure there's no shortage of questions. 746 00:30:48,833 --> 00:30:50,600 We never have a shortage of questions. 747 00:30:50,600 --> 00:30:53,600 but anytime Vicky is on the show, we like, 748 00:30:53,600 --> 00:30:55,800 you know, she is an insect person, as you mentioned 749 00:30:55,800 --> 00:30:58,233 an entomologist. I think she brought some cool 750 00:30:58,233 --> 00:31:03,633 show and tell and maybe captured some video for us 751 00:31:03,633 --> 00:31:07,300 of a native insect, the Carolina mantid. Right, Vicky? 752 00:31:07,300 --> 00:31:11,333 ...and so this thing was out on my front porch, 753 00:31:11,333 --> 00:31:14,233 and the funny thing about it is 754 00:31:14,233 --> 00:31:18,566 I had gone out there to go film... 755 00:31:18,566 --> 00:31:22,933 and our Argiope aurantia, 756 00:31:22,933 --> 00:31:25,100 which is a yellow, a black and yellow garden spider. 757 00:31:25,100 --> 00:31:27,666 Okay. >> So, I went out there and go film her, 758 00:31:27,666 --> 00:31:29,433 because I was going to send in pictures. 759 00:31:29,433 --> 00:31:31,033 She's making a mess on my front porch, 760 00:31:31,033 --> 00:31:33,333 and I was going to start out well, what is this mess 761 00:31:33,333 --> 00:31:35,800 and film her, and she's like, 4 egg sacs... 762 00:31:35,800 --> 00:31:38,066 When she poops, it's making a big mess. 763 00:31:38,066 --> 00:31:42,066 - and her spent feedings are over on the ground, 764 00:31:42,066 --> 00:31:44,133 and I was like, "Oh, I'm going to send this in, 765 00:31:44,133 --> 00:31:46,000 and this is what we're going to talk about, 766 00:31:46,000 --> 00:31:48,500 and so I was filming the four egg sacs 767 00:31:48,500 --> 00:31:50,466 that she had laid on my front porch, 768 00:31:50,466 --> 00:31:53,633 and there was this Carolina mantid 769 00:31:53,633 --> 00:31:57,100 and I'm like, Oh, this is way cooler (All laugh) and 770 00:31:57,100 --> 00:31:59,000 Now, why do you say Carolina mantid? 771 00:31:59,000 --> 00:32:03,200 So we've got two mantids in our area. 772 00:32:03,200 --> 00:32:05,600 We've got a Chinese mantid and we've got 773 00:32:05,600 --> 00:32:07,766 a native Carolina mantid. 774 00:32:07,766 --> 00:32:09,100 So, that's why you distinguish, 775 00:32:09,100 --> 00:32:11,000 because most people just say a praying mantis. 776 00:32:11,000 --> 00:32:14,633 Correct, and so this particular one is, 777 00:32:14,633 --> 00:32:19,300 is the native, and they can be green, 778 00:32:19,300 --> 00:32:21,600 like the Chinese mantid, but their wings 779 00:32:21,600 --> 00:32:25,000 are significantly shorter, and I know that this 780 00:32:25,000 --> 00:32:28,866 one's a female because she is absolutely gravid. 781 00:32:28,866 --> 00:32:31,733 Her abdomen is distended, and she's, 782 00:32:31,733 --> 00:32:34,533 she's ready to lay an egg mass. 783 00:32:34,533 --> 00:32:37,733 I haven't found the egg mass yet, but she's ready, 784 00:32:37,733 --> 00:32:40,066 and it was one of those things where, you know, 785 00:32:40,066 --> 00:32:42,200 we don't always get to see it close up. 786 00:32:42,200 --> 00:32:44,433 So I got some really great video and I got some 787 00:32:44,433 --> 00:32:47,833 really great pictures of her, and folks 788 00:32:47,833 --> 00:32:52,533 ask me all the time, you know, can we purchase mantids? 789 00:32:52,533 --> 00:32:54,466 - to lease, because they are beneficial? 790 00:32:54,466 --> 00:32:55,600 They eat insects. 791 00:32:55,600 --> 00:32:56,866 So, they're generalist predators, 792 00:32:56,866 --> 00:33:02,633 and so they're really great. It's 100% 793 00:33:02,633 --> 00:33:05,533 natural, pesticide free, biological control, 794 00:33:05,533 --> 00:33:08,200 and we can buy them, but when we're purchasing those, 795 00:33:08,200 --> 00:33:12,466 we're typically purchasing Chinese mantid 796 00:33:12,466 --> 00:33:14,033 and we're not purchasing the native, 797 00:33:14,033 --> 00:33:18,033 and the thing about having 798 00:33:18,033 --> 00:33:19,866 natural biological control in your yard 799 00:33:19,866 --> 00:33:21,766 and trying to release it is that we can't guarantee 800 00:33:21,766 --> 00:33:25,066 they're going to stay. Yeah. >> and so it's 801 00:33:25,066 --> 00:33:26,400 one of those things where 802 00:33:26,400 --> 00:33:28,100 Somebody else may make a better pecan pie, 803 00:33:28,100 --> 00:33:29,433 Right. ...next door. 804 00:33:29,433 --> 00:33:31,000 So you know, this is one of 805 00:33:31,000 --> 00:33:33,166 those things where we just kind of try to foster 806 00:33:33,166 --> 00:33:36,300 what we already have in our landscape, 807 00:33:36,300 --> 00:33:40,100 and this was a really great find for me. 808 00:33:40,100 --> 00:33:41,433 It's one of my favorite insects. 809 00:33:41,433 --> 00:33:42,766 Now, when you say egg mass, 810 00:33:42,766 --> 00:33:45,866 if I'm not mistaken, there's a real structure. 811 00:33:45,866 --> 00:33:48,800 They're not just casually laying these eggs all around. 812 00:33:48,800 --> 00:33:52,400 So, it's not like it's a butterfly 813 00:33:52,400 --> 00:33:55,566 laying eggs or a stinkbug laying eggs. It's... 814 00:33:55,566 --> 00:34:00,166 they make this frothy mask, and you can tell 815 00:34:00,166 --> 00:34:04,966 if it's a Chinese mantid or if it's a Carolina mantid, 816 00:34:04,966 --> 00:34:08,033 by the way that it's called an ootheca 817 00:34:08,033 --> 00:34:10,400 O-O-T-H-E-C-A 818 00:34:10,400 --> 00:34:12,266 how that ootheca looks, 819 00:34:12,266 --> 00:34:15,133 and but it's a frothy mass, and they'll stick it 820 00:34:15,133 --> 00:34:16,833 to almost anything. It could be on leaves 821 00:34:16,833 --> 00:34:20,500 on twigs, sticks. This one's going to be somewhere 822 00:34:20,500 --> 00:34:22,500 on my front porch. So, it's probably like, 823 00:34:22,500 --> 00:34:24,800 you know, on the siding or the railing or something 824 00:34:24,800 --> 00:34:29,700 like that, and it'll overwinter and then 825 00:34:29,700 --> 00:34:32,200 the nymphs will come out in the spring. 826 00:34:32,200 --> 00:34:34,833 - and haven't we heard about people 827 00:34:34,833 --> 00:34:37,633 who maybe had a Christmas tree and brought it inside 828 00:34:37,633 --> 00:34:39,533 and there was one of these 829 00:34:39,533 --> 00:34:41,966 egg masses on that and then it's warm in the house, 830 00:34:41,966 --> 00:34:44,500 and all of a sudden, the little 831 00:34:44,500 --> 00:34:47,433 whatever's happening says, oh, it's warm. It's springtime. 832 00:34:47,433 --> 00:34:48,733 It's time to hatch. 833 00:34:48,733 --> 00:34:50,300 This exact thing happened to me 834 00:34:50,300 --> 00:34:53,666 when I worked in the Lexington office. 835 00:34:53,666 --> 00:34:54,800 I had brought in... 836 00:34:54,800 --> 00:34:57,166 So, somebody had brought this to me 837 00:34:57,166 --> 00:34:59,500 and I set it on my desk and didn't think about it 838 00:34:59,500 --> 00:35:02,000 and we went on Thanksgiving break, 839 00:35:02,000 --> 00:35:03,566 and whenever we came back, 840 00:35:03,566 --> 00:35:06,733 we have - there are cubbies in there... 841 00:35:06,733 --> 00:35:10,233 So it's a divided office, and so there's little babies 842 00:35:10,233 --> 00:35:14,000 walking along the top of all the divider walls. 843 00:35:14,000 --> 00:35:16,033 and there wasn't well, I hope that 844 00:35:16,033 --> 00:35:18,100 in the Lexington office, there wasn't 845 00:35:18,100 --> 00:35:19,900 a whole lot for them to eat, but maybe enough. 846 00:35:19,900 --> 00:35:23,500 I caught as many as I could and took them outside, 847 00:35:23,500 --> 00:35:25,533 but everybody's like, this is your fault, isn't it? 848 00:35:25,533 --> 00:35:27,800 (laughing) Yes. 849 00:35:27,800 --> 00:35:30,400 Oh, my goodness, gracious. What fun! 850 00:35:30,400 --> 00:35:32,566 - and we're now going to have some even more fun 851 00:35:32,566 --> 00:35:34,666 because often Austin Jenkins, a naturalist is here 852 00:35:34,666 --> 00:35:38,533 with us to talk about cicadas. 853 00:35:38,533 --> 00:35:40,700 I'm talking to Austin Jenkins, who is a naturalist 854 00:35:40,700 --> 00:35:43,166 at the University of South Carolina in Sumter 855 00:35:43,166 --> 00:35:46,666 and Austin, at night, the katydids sing. 856 00:35:46,666 --> 00:35:48,966 Yes, yes, the katydids 857 00:35:48,966 --> 00:35:51,266 are singing at night, but just before that, 858 00:35:51,266 --> 00:35:53,700 you know, we have the cicadas. 859 00:35:53,700 --> 00:35:57,300 Yeah. >> and so it's, you know, I remember 860 00:35:57,300 --> 00:36:00,133 walking around as a kid and finding the little exoskeletons 861 00:36:00,133 --> 00:36:02,266 of cicadas on the faces of trees 862 00:36:02,266 --> 00:36:03,666 and what a strange creature 863 00:36:03,666 --> 00:36:06,266 it appears to be. Out of that comes, 864 00:36:06,266 --> 00:36:08,933 you know, the cicada, and this individual once 865 00:36:08,933 --> 00:36:11,333 it comes out of that exoskeleton will fly up 866 00:36:11,333 --> 00:36:13,766 in the air, and the boys are singing. 867 00:36:13,766 --> 00:36:16,633 They're the ones that sing and they're trying to attract 868 00:36:16,633 --> 00:36:19,566 the females. They have, if you ever can 869 00:36:19,566 --> 00:36:23,333 get the opportunity to, you know, see one that's 870 00:36:23,333 --> 00:36:25,466 maybe on the sidewalk or something, 871 00:36:25,466 --> 00:36:28,333 but underneath there, if you have those rounded lobes, 872 00:36:28,333 --> 00:36:31,833 that's the organ for the songs, up under there. 873 00:36:31,833 --> 00:36:33,300 Yeah, and I mean, imagine the 874 00:36:33,300 --> 00:36:35,766 cacophony that comes out of that little tiny organ. 875 00:36:35,766 --> 00:36:37,033 Isn't that fun! 876 00:36:37,033 --> 00:36:38,800 It's impressive. So this is a male? 877 00:36:38,800 --> 00:36:40,066 This would be a male. 878 00:36:40,066 --> 00:36:41,866 He's the only one that sings. Right. 879 00:36:41,866 --> 00:36:43,566 He's the only one that sings, 880 00:36:43,566 --> 00:36:45,700 and the females will listen, and if they hear what they like, 881 00:36:45,700 --> 00:36:47,333 they'll move in that direction. 882 00:36:47,333 --> 00:36:50,333 ...he does have we call them big eyed bugs sometimes, 883 00:36:50,333 --> 00:36:51,900 and he has a fairly large eye. 884 00:36:51,900 --> 00:36:54,033 He does. not as big as a dragonfly, 885 00:36:54,033 --> 00:36:55,333 but fairly large, Right, right, 886 00:36:55,333 --> 00:36:57,566 fairly large. Go ahead. 887 00:36:57,566 --> 00:36:58,766 Does it eat? 888 00:36:58,766 --> 00:37:00,900 So especially as a youngster, 889 00:37:00,900 --> 00:37:02,966 the cicadas that we see are, 890 00:37:02,966 --> 00:37:05,200 you know, living underneath the ground sucking 891 00:37:05,200 --> 00:37:07,933 from the roots of oak trees, for example, 892 00:37:07,933 --> 00:37:10,400 for two or three years, and then they'll emerge, 893 00:37:10,400 --> 00:37:12,333 but there's overlaps in those generations. 894 00:37:12,333 --> 00:37:15,733 So we have cicadas just about every year to look at 895 00:37:15,733 --> 00:37:18,833 and then we also have periodical cicadas 896 00:37:18,833 --> 00:37:21,133 that come about... Get lots at one time 897 00:37:21,133 --> 00:37:24,166 Next year in fact, in 2024 898 00:37:24,166 --> 00:37:27,466 should be the emergence of the periodicals 899 00:37:27,466 --> 00:37:30,633 up in Landsford Canal State Park is a great place to see them. 900 00:37:30,633 --> 00:37:32,133 They have been underneath the ground 901 00:37:32,133 --> 00:37:34,600 sucking on tree roots for 13 years. 902 00:37:34,600 --> 00:37:36,066 So they're going to come up at once. 903 00:37:36,066 --> 00:37:37,400 That's a long lived insect. 904 00:37:37,400 --> 00:37:40,466 Yes, long time in the dark, but it works for them. 905 00:37:40,466 --> 00:37:42,833 They overwhelm all the predators, 906 00:37:42,833 --> 00:37:44,400 and they make sure that they guarantee 907 00:37:44,400 --> 00:37:47,966 some reproduction because of this life strategy, 908 00:37:47,966 --> 00:37:50,933 but they mostly as larvae, and then some as adults. 909 00:37:50,933 --> 00:37:52,766 They have a long proboscis that helps them... 910 00:37:52,766 --> 00:37:57,200 - and um, this one that I found when I was going in to 911 00:37:57,200 --> 00:38:02,366 get some gas or something, you can see his proboscis 912 00:38:02,366 --> 00:38:05,700 down there, which is this structure, 913 00:38:05,700 --> 00:38:07,133 Looks like a little drinking straw 914 00:38:07,133 --> 00:38:08,300 that they can use to 915 00:38:08,300 --> 00:38:10,400 Kind of cool, with it, just, 916 00:38:10,400 --> 00:38:13,266 if you take the time to look at something up close. 917 00:38:13,266 --> 00:38:15,100 Isn't it just fascinating? 918 00:38:15,100 --> 00:38:17,466 Look at these gorgeous wings and feet with 919 00:38:17,466 --> 00:38:20,966 you know, little hooks on them to hold on to things 920 00:38:20,966 --> 00:38:23,600 - very intricate. and some sometimes though 921 00:38:23,600 --> 00:38:26,000 I was thinking about songs, sometimes you'll hear one 922 00:38:26,000 --> 00:38:27,900 sound a little spastic. 923 00:38:27,900 --> 00:38:30,366 You know, because there's, if you listen in your backyard, 924 00:38:30,366 --> 00:38:32,666 you'll hear, three or four different types of songs. 925 00:38:32,666 --> 00:38:35,266 Those are all different types of cicadas, 926 00:38:35,266 --> 00:38:37,400 and you can kind of learn those songs, 927 00:38:37,400 --> 00:38:38,966 but after that, sometimes you'll hear 928 00:38:38,966 --> 00:38:41,366 like an erratic spastic call. 929 00:38:41,366 --> 00:38:47,200 That's usually what happens when a cicada gets hit by this. 930 00:38:47,200 --> 00:38:50,500 That's a cicada killer wasp. Yeah, which is also 931 00:38:50,500 --> 00:38:52,333 listening for those sounds, 932 00:38:52,333 --> 00:38:54,733 and when it finds a - often a male cicada, 933 00:38:54,733 --> 00:38:57,966 it will sting it. It will paralyze it. 934 00:38:57,966 --> 00:38:59,766 They don't have the insects don't have 935 00:38:59,766 --> 00:39:01,833 refrigerators and ways to keep things fresh. 936 00:39:01,833 --> 00:39:03,466 So, a good thing to do is to paralyze, 937 00:39:03,466 --> 00:39:05,900 your prey. You take it somewhere and 938 00:39:05,900 --> 00:39:07,933 dig a hole, put the cicada down in that hole, 939 00:39:07,933 --> 00:39:10,600 and then lay an egg on it. So they would take this 940 00:39:10,600 --> 00:39:12,233 They can pick up this living 941 00:39:12,233 --> 00:39:13,566 They can pick up that cicada... 942 00:39:13,566 --> 00:39:15,933 He's just paralyzed. He's just paralyzed, 943 00:39:15,933 --> 00:39:17,366 and they'll take it into a hole, 944 00:39:17,366 --> 00:39:19,900 lay an egg. The egg hatches after a few days 945 00:39:19,900 --> 00:39:23,866 and has a fresh living meal to consume as it develops 946 00:39:23,866 --> 00:39:25,766 into a new cicada killer. 947 00:39:25,766 --> 00:39:28,366 So, only the females 948 00:39:29,866 --> 00:39:31,466 So, only the females 949 00:39:31,466 --> 00:39:33,766 are capturing this... only female wasps are 950 00:39:33,766 --> 00:39:36,966 capturing male cicadas. >> Okay. >> For the most part. Yes. 951 00:39:36,966 --> 00:39:39,733 Gosh, and then they emerge. Yeah. 952 00:39:39,733 --> 00:39:43,300 A lot of emerging going on. 953 00:39:43,300 --> 00:39:45,133 Oh, the world is fascinating. Thanks, Austin. 954 00:39:45,133 --> 00:39:46,433 Indeed. Glad to do it. 955 00:39:47,633 --> 00:39:48,733 We really appreciate Austin 956 00:39:48,733 --> 00:39:50,400 coming over here and helping us 957 00:39:50,400 --> 00:39:51,600 and this is going to be something 958 00:39:51,600 --> 00:39:53,166 we're going to do a lot I think, 959 00:39:53,166 --> 00:39:55,400 because I sure enjoy it. I know you do as well. 960 00:39:55,400 --> 00:39:56,733 Well, Terasa... 961 00:39:56,733 --> 00:39:58,200 You know earlier in the show 962 00:39:58,200 --> 00:40:00,900 we were talking about learning new things 963 00:40:00,900 --> 00:40:03,033 and how I like kind of little pieces of trivia, 964 00:40:03,033 --> 00:40:05,366 and you sometimes share little tidbits 965 00:40:05,366 --> 00:40:08,800 of information on the Making It Grow Minute, 966 00:40:08,800 --> 00:40:12,333 which is sort of our counterpart on public radio, 967 00:40:12,333 --> 00:40:14,800 and it just so happened to on my way to the studio today 968 00:40:14,800 --> 00:40:16,066 as I opened the door 969 00:40:16,066 --> 00:40:19,400 to get in, I heard a Making It Grow Minute, 970 00:40:19,400 --> 00:40:22,200 and you know, Vicky earlier was talking about the caterpillar 971 00:40:22,200 --> 00:40:23,333 on the leaf here. 972 00:40:23,333 --> 00:40:27,333 You've talked about some moths that use Crotalaria 973 00:40:27,333 --> 00:40:29,500 as their host plants. So, I love all 974 00:40:29,500 --> 00:40:32,033 the connections, but I encourage you to listen 975 00:40:32,033 --> 00:40:34,633 to South Carolina Public Radio, lots of great 976 00:40:34,633 --> 00:40:37,200 shows, including the Making It Grow Minutes, 977 00:40:37,200 --> 00:40:40,200 where you get just a one minute teaser, and we 978 00:40:40,200 --> 00:40:42,133 of course, thank South Carolina Farm Bureau 979 00:40:42,133 --> 00:40:44,966 and Farm Bureau Federation for supporting those minutes. 980 00:40:44,966 --> 00:40:46,633 Well, thank you so much. I really do 981 00:40:46,633 --> 00:40:51,666 appreciate it, and, you occasionally make links 982 00:40:51,666 --> 00:40:54,066 there on your Facebook page, and you put 983 00:40:54,066 --> 00:40:56,266 something fresh every day on our Facebook page, 984 00:40:56,266 --> 00:40:57,800 and thank you so much for that Terasa. 985 00:40:57,800 --> 00:40:59,766 You're welcome. I surely try, 986 00:40:59,766 --> 00:41:02,266 but I use lots of other content as well, 987 00:41:02,266 --> 00:41:05,900 and things that our other extension agents contribute. 988 00:41:05,900 --> 00:41:07,900 So, it's certainly not just a 989 00:41:07,900 --> 00:41:10,600 one person show, so to speak, but I know we 990 00:41:10,600 --> 00:41:12,433 have people who have questions, 991 00:41:12,433 --> 00:41:16,566 and we're going to try to help them. So Gary in Lexington 992 00:41:16,566 --> 00:41:20,366 said I recently moved to South Carolina from Ohio 993 00:41:20,366 --> 00:41:23,500 and I have no idea how to take care of my lawn. 994 00:41:23,500 --> 00:41:26,133 Should I be fertilizing in the fall? 995 00:41:26,133 --> 00:41:28,100 Oh, my goodness gracious. 996 00:41:28,100 --> 00:41:32,833 Well, Lexington is not in the upstate. So. So Rob, 997 00:41:32,833 --> 00:41:34,066 what would your answer be? 998 00:41:34,066 --> 00:41:36,266 So typically, in our area in Lexington, 999 00:41:36,266 --> 00:41:39,133 we're going to be looking at warm season grasses. 1000 00:41:39,133 --> 00:41:41,466 Those are going to go dormant somewhere 1001 00:41:41,466 --> 00:41:44,133 around October, November time and they're going 1002 00:41:44,133 --> 00:41:46,266 to stop growing. So, we don't want to be 1003 00:41:46,266 --> 00:41:48,800 applying nitrogen late in the season. 1004 00:41:48,800 --> 00:41:50,966 If you look at the soil test recommendations 1005 00:41:50,966 --> 00:41:53,933 from Clemson Agricultural Service laboratory, 1006 00:41:53,933 --> 00:41:56,200 typically the last application is late July 1007 00:41:56,200 --> 00:41:59,566 for nitrogen fertilizer. The later we go 1008 00:41:59,566 --> 00:42:04,133 with nitrogen fertilizer, the more soft, lush, tender growth 1009 00:42:04,133 --> 00:42:06,600 we're going to get, and that's going to kill it, 1010 00:42:06,600 --> 00:42:10,200 could coincide with an early frost, 1011 00:42:10,200 --> 00:42:11,466 and that's going to really cause some 1012 00:42:11,466 --> 00:42:13,300 damage to turf grasses. 1013 00:42:13,300 --> 00:42:16,033 Now, whenever we're talking about fertilizer, 1014 00:42:16,033 --> 00:42:17,633 I'd be remiss to say we don't 1015 00:42:17,633 --> 00:42:20,400 apply any fertilizer without a soil test result, 1016 00:42:20,400 --> 00:42:21,400 (Amanda laughs) 1017 00:42:21,400 --> 00:42:24,933 but if you have very low phosphorus, 1018 00:42:24,933 --> 00:42:27,366 or very low potassium, there can be some 1019 00:42:27,366 --> 00:42:30,833 benefit to putting those two elements out in the fall, 1020 00:42:30,833 --> 00:42:32,366 because the root system will still 1021 00:42:32,366 --> 00:42:35,400 be growing and developing, taking those nutrients up. 1022 00:42:35,400 --> 00:42:37,966 So yes, depending on the situation, 1023 00:42:37,966 --> 00:42:42,833 phosphorus and potassium may be helpful to be applied in fall. 1024 00:42:42,833 --> 00:42:44,333 That's kind of rare. 1025 00:42:44,333 --> 00:42:46,433 That would be a very rare situation. 1026 00:42:46,433 --> 00:42:48,366 Overall, 1027 00:42:48,366 --> 00:42:51,366 just normally, no. 1028 00:42:51,366 --> 00:42:53,266 Normally, absolutely not, 1029 00:42:53,266 --> 00:42:57,500 and again, with the results of the soil test 1030 00:42:57,500 --> 00:42:58,800 If they specifically told you 1031 00:42:58,800 --> 00:42:59,966 Yes, if you're looking 1032 00:42:59,966 --> 00:43:02,633 at soil with a very low pH then yes, lime 1033 00:43:02,633 --> 00:43:04,766 would want to go out in the fall to give it time 1034 00:43:04,766 --> 00:43:06,966 to work for the spring. 1035 00:43:06,966 --> 00:43:08,966 Well, thank you so very much, and 1036 00:43:08,966 --> 00:43:10,833 you get to just sit on your hands sometimes 1037 00:43:10,833 --> 00:43:13,800 which is nice, when you, if you're one of those lawn people. 1038 00:43:13,800 --> 00:43:15,466 Absolutely. Sitting back 1039 00:43:15,466 --> 00:43:17,166 and smelling the roses, I think they say. 1040 00:43:17,166 --> 00:43:19,100 (All laugh) 1041 00:43:19,100 --> 00:43:20,800 Well, as I said, this is our 30th 1042 00:43:20,800 --> 00:43:23,166 anniversary year and so we're going back to some 1043 00:43:23,166 --> 00:43:26,600 things that happened in the past and we went to 1044 00:43:26,600 --> 00:43:31,133 see these charming girls and their heifer project 1045 00:43:31,133 --> 00:43:32,666 and it ended up with the kind of 1046 00:43:32,666 --> 00:43:34,000 a surprise for me. 1047 00:43:35,666 --> 00:43:41,600 ♪ 1048 00:43:41,600 --> 00:43:44,733 The South Carolina Dairy Heifer Project gives youths from 1049 00:43:44,733 --> 00:43:48,633 non-dairy backgrounds a truly hands on experience raising 1050 00:43:48,633 --> 00:43:52,433 a dairy heifer. For 18 months kids care for 1051 00:43:52,433 --> 00:43:55,533 and train their cow and participate in juried events 1052 00:43:55,533 --> 00:43:57,766 that give them experience in public speaking, 1053 00:43:57,766 --> 00:44:01,033 deportment and critical analysis. Not only does 1054 00:44:01,033 --> 00:44:03,733 this program provide quality dairy cows 1055 00:44:03,733 --> 00:44:07,366 to add to established herds, but encourages participants 1056 00:44:07,366 --> 00:44:10,100 to consider careers in the dairy industry. 1057 00:44:10,100 --> 00:44:13,400 We've been following two sisters Madelyn and Logan Bolin 1058 00:44:13,400 --> 00:44:15,900 in their journey. Our first stop 1059 00:44:15,900 --> 00:44:18,500 was at the Clemson Spring Dairy weekend at the 1060 00:44:18,500 --> 00:44:21,766 T Ed. Garrison Arena where the girls received their calves. 1061 00:44:21,766 --> 00:44:24,200 From there we visited Madelyn and Logan 1062 00:44:24,200 --> 00:44:26,966 at their home in Clover to learn how they had cared for 1063 00:44:26,966 --> 00:44:29,466 their animals and how hard it is to get a cow 1064 00:44:29,466 --> 00:44:31,733 to walk where you want it to. 1065 00:44:31,733 --> 00:44:34,600 ♪ 1066 00:44:34,600 --> 00:44:37,466 Madelyn and Logan, y'all are second generation 1067 00:44:37,466 --> 00:44:41,466 heifer project people, and tell me about your first 1068 00:44:41,466 --> 00:44:45,166 experience going and getting your heifer. 1069 00:44:45,166 --> 00:44:48,100 Well, we were really, really excited, 1070 00:44:48,100 --> 00:44:52,266 because my brothers and my mom had did the heifer project 1071 00:44:52,266 --> 00:44:53,800 and so then when I met my heifer 1072 00:44:53,800 --> 00:44:56,866 it was just so like happy to have my own heifer, 1073 00:44:56,866 --> 00:44:59,066 and not to have to see my brother's heifer 1074 00:44:59,066 --> 00:45:00,333 so I could just have my own 1075 00:45:00,333 --> 00:45:02,533 and say it was it was my own. It was really nice 1076 00:45:02,533 --> 00:45:03,600 -and y'all were pretty young 1077 00:45:03,600 --> 00:45:05,166 when you got your first animal, I believe. 1078 00:45:05,166 --> 00:45:08,000 Yes we were four years old. That's unusual. 1079 00:45:08,000 --> 00:45:09,433 Yes, but you've grown up 1080 00:45:09,433 --> 00:45:10,600 with heifers around you. 1081 00:45:10,600 --> 00:45:14,766 That made a difference... and what is the day to day 1082 00:45:14,766 --> 00:45:17,266 operation of having a cow? What is like, what's your 1083 00:45:17,266 --> 00:45:19,600 day like, the interaction you have with a cow? 1084 00:45:19,600 --> 00:45:22,700 So, we have to feed them 1085 00:45:22,700 --> 00:45:25,533 and make sure they have water, and make sure they, 1086 00:45:25,533 --> 00:45:27,600 there's not a lot of flies on them. 1087 00:45:27,600 --> 00:45:28,866 So they don't get sick or nothing, 1088 00:45:28,866 --> 00:45:32,033 and then we always just walk them and make sure 1089 00:45:32,033 --> 00:45:34,533 they're not feeling sick or anything. 1090 00:45:34,533 --> 00:45:36,233 Make sure they're healthy. 1091 00:45:36,233 --> 00:45:37,866 Just so to make sure they're feeling their self. 1092 00:45:37,866 --> 00:45:39,833 Okay so we have to check up on them 1093 00:45:39,833 --> 00:45:41,433 and make sure they're okay, 1094 00:45:41,433 --> 00:45:44,433 Y'all make sure that they're clean too. 1095 00:45:44,433 --> 00:45:48,166 Do they like to be washed off and cleaned? 1096 00:45:48,166 --> 00:45:50,400 I think it cools them down. Especially during the 1097 00:45:50,400 --> 00:45:53,700 summer, it makes them feel cooler and relieved to not 1098 00:45:53,700 --> 00:45:56,733 be so sweaty and hot and everything. 1099 00:45:56,733 --> 00:46:01,000 Things that you are judged on are two fold, I think. 1100 00:46:01,000 --> 00:46:04,000 One involves the cow, how the cow looks and one is 1101 00:46:04,000 --> 00:46:07,200 about how you show the cow. Can you talk a 1102 00:46:07,200 --> 00:46:11,300 little bit about that? Yes, so there's certain 1103 00:46:11,300 --> 00:46:13,066 classes that you can do. So, showmanship 1104 00:46:13,066 --> 00:46:15,733 is about how you present your animal to the judge, 1105 00:46:15,733 --> 00:46:20,833 and so you want to be, you want to have like good posture 1106 00:46:20,833 --> 00:46:23,466 and you want be, you want him to tell that 1107 00:46:23,466 --> 00:46:25,966 you've been working with your heifer for awhile, 1108 00:46:25,966 --> 00:46:29,600 cause you want them to kind of listen to you, 1109 00:46:29,600 --> 00:46:33,466 and you two will work very good together, 1110 00:46:33,466 --> 00:46:36,233 and then there's confirmation classes, which is 1111 00:46:36,233 --> 00:46:40,133 her class to shine, and so you want to make her look 1112 00:46:40,133 --> 00:46:45,066 the best that she can, and it's judged on her dairy character 1113 00:46:45,066 --> 00:46:49,333 and how deep she is, and her correctness 1114 00:46:49,333 --> 00:46:51,466 of her feet and legs, and how straight she 1115 00:46:51,466 --> 00:46:57,733 is over her back, and just an overall very good heifer. 1116 00:46:57,733 --> 00:46:59,733 Do you feel like your confidence 1117 00:46:59,733 --> 00:47:03,100 level in almost any situation, not just in 1118 00:47:03,100 --> 00:47:07,766 a barn, has developed and strengthened through this? 1119 00:47:07,766 --> 00:47:09,966 Yes ma'am. Just because for dairy judging 1120 00:47:09,966 --> 00:47:11,233 you have to say reasons 1121 00:47:11,233 --> 00:47:14,733 So you have to talk to the judge. So this really, 1122 00:47:14,733 --> 00:47:16,533 you have to have a lot of confidence, 1123 00:47:16,533 --> 00:47:17,666 because you have to speak up 1124 00:47:17,666 --> 00:47:19,466 so you can understand what you're saying 1125 00:47:19,466 --> 00:47:21,100 and so you can be clear about it. 1126 00:47:21,100 --> 00:47:22,800 So, because the clearer you are, 1127 00:47:22,800 --> 00:47:25,200 the more able we are to win. 1128 00:47:25,200 --> 00:47:27,200 I think your next big event 1129 00:47:27,200 --> 00:47:28,600 is going to be in Columbia, 1130 00:47:28,600 --> 00:47:30,066 which is going to be the State Fair, 1131 00:47:30,066 --> 00:47:32,100 and is that the culmination of a lot of this work? 1132 00:47:32,100 --> 00:47:34,133 Yes ma'am. It's like where it all comes 1133 00:47:34,133 --> 00:47:36,733 together into that last final piece 1134 00:47:36,733 --> 00:47:38,866 where we get to spend a lot of time with our friends 1135 00:47:38,866 --> 00:47:40,900 and cousins and like a lot of people from different 1136 00:47:40,900 --> 00:47:43,266 counties and stuff that are in South Carolina. 1137 00:47:43,266 --> 00:47:46,800 So, it's really nice getting to see everyone and getting to know 1138 00:47:46,800 --> 00:47:49,066 their cows and getting to see everybody, a barn full 1139 00:47:49,066 --> 00:47:53,533 of cows, and so it's where we, everyone comes together 1140 00:47:53,533 --> 00:47:54,833 and we'll show against each other 1141 00:47:54,833 --> 00:47:55,966 in a couple classes, usually. 1142 00:47:55,966 --> 00:47:57,733 We just have fun at that show. 1143 00:47:57,733 --> 00:48:08,866 (man auctioning cow) 1144 00:48:08,866 --> 00:48:10,833 One thing I was wondering about is, 1145 00:48:10,833 --> 00:48:14,600 you've had such a close relationship with these cows, 1146 00:48:14,600 --> 00:48:17,433 what's it like when you are taken them 1147 00:48:17,433 --> 00:48:19,433 for the last time and because part 1148 00:48:19,433 --> 00:48:21,600 of the program is that these cows are going to go back 1149 00:48:21,600 --> 00:48:24,266 into the dairy herd. Well, it's kind of sad 1150 00:48:24,266 --> 00:48:27,133 but it's also kind of happy at the same time because you get 1151 00:48:27,133 --> 00:48:29,500 to get a new cow. So you get to experience someone else, 1152 00:48:29,500 --> 00:48:31,633 because if you don't like your cow then you're going to be 1153 00:48:31,633 --> 00:48:32,900 really happy to get rid of her. 1154 00:48:32,900 --> 00:48:34,266 (laughs) 1155 00:48:34,266 --> 00:48:36,200 ...and you have two cows at the same time. 1156 00:48:36,200 --> 00:48:38,366 That's kind of interesting. Explain that to us. 1157 00:48:38,366 --> 00:48:41,833 So you'll get a cow and you'll raise it, 1158 00:48:41,833 --> 00:48:44,433 and then the following year you'll get another calf, 1159 00:48:44,433 --> 00:48:50,366 and then that show season at the end you'll sell the heifer 1160 00:48:50,366 --> 00:48:52,366 that you've had for 18 months. Okay, 1161 00:48:52,366 --> 00:48:55,000 and you'll say goodbye? Yes. 1162 00:48:55,000 --> 00:48:57,266 But then you'll pack up and come home, 1163 00:48:57,266 --> 00:48:59,533 Yes. and still the process 1164 00:48:59,533 --> 00:49:02,933 just keeps on going, doesn't it? Yes ma'am. 1165 00:49:02,933 --> 00:49:08,933 ♪ 1166 00:49:08,933 --> 00:49:13,700 ♪ 1167 00:49:14,966 --> 00:49:16,133 I'm sure those girls 1168 00:49:16,133 --> 00:49:18,633 are all grown up now but still have their love of 1169 00:49:18,633 --> 00:49:20,766 animals in the farm life that their parents 1170 00:49:20,766 --> 00:49:22,666 gave them such a wonderful, wonderful way 1171 00:49:22,666 --> 00:49:25,100 to spend their youth wasn't that fun? 1172 00:49:25,100 --> 00:49:27,733 Well, Terasa, whom else can we help? 1173 00:49:27,733 --> 00:49:30,566 Well, Peter wrote us from Pickens 1174 00:49:30,566 --> 00:49:33,466 and kind of similar in thinking about fall, 1175 00:49:33,466 --> 00:49:36,333 things are cooling off plants might be going to 1176 00:49:36,333 --> 00:49:40,100 rest for the season. It appears that Peter plans 1177 00:49:40,100 --> 00:49:44,500 to replace a tree in his yard and has already 1178 00:49:44,500 --> 00:49:46,633 already has the replacement, but hasn't 1179 00:49:46,633 --> 00:49:49,200 found the time to cut down the tree yet and so 1180 00:49:49,200 --> 00:49:52,266 is wondering, how can he care for that 1181 00:49:52,266 --> 00:49:55,200 replacement in the container until he finds 1182 00:49:55,200 --> 00:49:58,233 the time to go out and cut down the tree? 1183 00:49:58,233 --> 00:50:02,500 Oh yeah, I understand. It would be nice if you 1184 00:50:02,500 --> 00:50:04,300 were cutting down our Bradford pear, wouldn't it? 1185 00:50:04,300 --> 00:50:06,733 Sure, anytime, any invasive species 1186 00:50:08,100 --> 00:50:10,100 Mary, what advice do you have? 1187 00:50:10,100 --> 00:50:12,866 So I've seen people do things, you know, 1188 00:50:12,866 --> 00:50:15,500 in different ways. Ideally, fall is the 1189 00:50:15,500 --> 00:50:18,200 time to plant your tree, that's the best time for 1190 00:50:18,200 --> 00:50:20,366 the plant to become established, the roots, 1191 00:50:20,366 --> 00:50:21,800 and then it can flush out new growth 1192 00:50:21,800 --> 00:50:23,666 in the spring, but if you really don't want to 1193 00:50:23,666 --> 00:50:26,733 plant it now, there are several different options. 1194 00:50:26,733 --> 00:50:28,500 One of them, you could dig a hole, 1195 00:50:28,500 --> 00:50:32,133 put the container in the hole, and then mulch around it. 1196 00:50:32,133 --> 00:50:33,733 Containerized plants only have a 1197 00:50:33,733 --> 00:50:35,766 little bit of soil medium in there, 1198 00:50:35,766 --> 00:50:38,300 so their temperatures fluctuate quite a bit. 1199 00:50:38,300 --> 00:50:41,533 So, in the winter times, that root system can 1200 00:50:41,533 --> 00:50:43,366 become really, really damaged if you let it 1201 00:50:43,366 --> 00:50:45,866 get down to the single digits. So you really 1202 00:50:45,866 --> 00:50:47,666 want to help insulate it. So if you can't plant 1203 00:50:47,666 --> 00:50:49,833 it in the ground, put it in a hole, 1204 00:50:49,833 --> 00:50:51,566 maybe put some pine straw or something 1205 00:50:51,566 --> 00:50:54,433 over it or keep it in an unheated garage 1206 00:50:54,433 --> 00:50:57,800 or structure where it's anywhere from 20 to 45 degrees, 1207 00:50:57,800 --> 00:50:59,333 but nothing heated because you might 1208 00:50:59,333 --> 00:51:00,833 be able to break it out of dormancy 1209 00:51:00,833 --> 00:51:02,033 and then you'd have to, 1210 00:51:02,033 --> 00:51:03,433 - even though it's dormant, you've got 1211 00:51:03,433 --> 00:51:05,033 to give it some water occasionally? 1212 00:51:05,033 --> 00:51:07,200 Yeah. Yeah. So check the soil moisture. 1213 00:51:07,200 --> 00:51:08,833 If you're keeping it in a garage or something. 1214 00:51:08,833 --> 00:51:10,666 It's probably only going to need water 1215 00:51:10,666 --> 00:51:12,466 every two to three weeks. You don't want to 1216 00:51:12,466 --> 00:51:13,666 let it dry out, 1217 00:51:13,666 --> 00:51:15,200 but you don't want to over water it. 1218 00:51:15,200 --> 00:51:16,466 So, don't forget about it. 1219 00:51:16,466 --> 00:51:21,266 Keep an eye on it. Okay, well, and I hope 1220 00:51:21,266 --> 00:51:23,466 that he has great luck planting it and we have a 1221 00:51:23,466 --> 00:51:26,100 wonderful fact sheet about planting trees, 1222 00:51:26,100 --> 00:51:28,066 and there's, you know, things are 1223 00:51:28,066 --> 00:51:29,900 different now you don't- They used to say 1224 00:51:29,900 --> 00:51:32,033 Terasa when I was young, you know, you wanted 1225 00:51:32,033 --> 00:51:36,133 a $20 hole for a $3 tree, but you don't want 1226 00:51:36,133 --> 00:51:37,900 to do that now. So, it's a lot... 1227 00:51:37,900 --> 00:51:40,166 it's...you shouldn't go to a whole lot of work to dig 1228 00:51:40,166 --> 00:51:43,333 the hole or to put a lot of stuff in it. So do find 1229 00:51:43,333 --> 00:51:45,300 out exactly what you're supposed to do. 1230 00:51:45,300 --> 00:51:46,566 It's easier than you think. 1231 00:51:46,566 --> 00:51:50,466 Well, and, you know, we talk about fall being 1232 00:51:50,466 --> 00:51:53,000 a great time to plant and in many people might 1233 00:51:53,000 --> 00:51:56,333 not know that Arbor Day in South Carolina is 1234 00:51:56,333 --> 00:51:58,966 actually in December. It doesn't coincide with 1235 00:51:58,966 --> 00:52:02,000 the National Arbor Day because that is when is 1236 00:52:02,000 --> 00:52:04,200 the best time or a good time to plant trees 1237 00:52:04,200 --> 00:52:05,433 in South Carolina. 1238 00:52:05,433 --> 00:52:06,766 Wonderful thing for you to remember. 1239 00:52:06,766 --> 00:52:09,133 I'm so glad I've got your brain 1240 00:52:09,133 --> 00:52:11,233 to figure up all the things You just never know 1241 00:52:11,233 --> 00:52:14,400 when a little piece will fly right out. 1242 00:52:14,400 --> 00:52:16,300 We just got a little time left. 1243 00:52:16,300 --> 00:52:18,466 Do we have a short, a short question, maybe? 1244 00:52:18,466 --> 00:52:20,900 Or a question that's going to have a short answer. 1245 00:52:20,900 --> 00:52:22,333 Maybe we could go back to Vicky's. 1246 00:52:22,333 --> 00:52:23,766 We were talking about the Carolina mantid 1247 00:52:23,766 --> 00:52:27,400 and talking about how it can serve as pest control, 1248 00:52:27,400 --> 00:52:29,600 but then it's a generalist feeder, 1249 00:52:29,600 --> 00:52:31,733 and so we think of beneficial insects 1250 00:52:31,733 --> 00:52:34,233 and helping us because they eat the bad guys, 1251 00:52:34,233 --> 00:52:36,400 but maybe we could just talk about how you know, 1252 00:52:36,400 --> 00:52:38,733 they're - they might just eat anything they can 1253 00:52:38,733 --> 00:52:42,000 catch the good bugs and the bad bugs. 1254 00:52:42,000 --> 00:52:45,433 Are there any insects that are going to be feasting on 1255 00:52:45,433 --> 00:52:50,200 more of our pest insects? Or are they more generalists? 1256 00:52:50,200 --> 00:52:53,300 So I think a lot of our stuff out in our 1257 00:52:53,300 --> 00:52:56,933 landscapes like whenever you have mantids out there, 1258 00:52:56,933 --> 00:53:00,266 when you have spiders out there, 1259 00:53:00,266 --> 00:53:03,866 a lot of those are just kind of going after whatever 1260 00:53:03,866 --> 00:53:04,966 they can catch. 1261 00:53:07,133 --> 00:53:08,833 There's, there are 1262 00:53:08,833 --> 00:53:11,033 specific things out there that go 1263 00:53:11,033 --> 00:53:14,000 for certain pests, but a lot of those evolved together, 1264 00:53:14,000 --> 00:53:17,733 and so they're going to be more 1265 00:53:17,733 --> 00:53:22,500 like parasitoids and stuff instead of a generalist predator 1266 00:53:22,500 --> 00:53:23,966 They may lay an egg on them 1267 00:53:23,966 --> 00:53:26,233 and then let the young feed... 1268 00:53:26,233 --> 00:53:30,966 Yeah, so a parasitoid is an insect that it's 1269 00:53:30,966 --> 00:53:34,666 going to lay. It's going to kill its host 1270 00:53:34,666 --> 00:53:38,000 in order to complete its lifecycle. Many wasps. 1271 00:53:38,000 --> 00:53:40,466 -a lot of those. So, whenever in the summertime, 1272 00:53:40,466 --> 00:53:43,066 you've got your tobacco hornworms and Mary's 1273 00:53:43,066 --> 00:53:48,200 talking about Braconidae wasps. I did my research 1274 00:53:48,200 --> 00:53:50,900 in graduate school on a little fly that lays 1275 00:53:50,900 --> 00:53:53,733 an egg inside the fire ant and makes the fire ant's 1276 00:53:53,733 --> 00:53:56,166 head fall of. and the head becomes a puparian 1277 00:53:56,166 --> 00:53:59,266 >> Yeah, I just love that >> and so there's lots 1278 00:53:59,266 --> 00:54:01,566 of very specific things like that, and then 1279 00:54:01,566 --> 00:54:05,700 you've got some pretty spiffy things like 1280 00:54:05,700 --> 00:54:10,166 lacewing larvae and surfeit fly larvae that, 1281 00:54:10,166 --> 00:54:13,366 that they eat a lot of stuff but like their jam 1282 00:54:13,366 --> 00:54:14,800 is aphids. 1283 00:54:14,800 --> 00:54:18,133 Okay. Well, how about ladybug beetles, 1284 00:54:18,133 --> 00:54:19,366 So... 1285 00:54:19,366 --> 00:54:21,766 Do they, I mean, mostly eat things that 1286 00:54:21,766 --> 00:54:22,933 we'd like not to have...? 1287 00:54:22,933 --> 00:54:25,433 Lady beetles are going to be out there preying, 1288 00:54:25,433 --> 00:54:27,700 a lot of them are going to eat aphids. 1289 00:54:27,700 --> 00:54:29,933 That's positive. >> and that's one of the 1290 00:54:29,933 --> 00:54:31,666 that's one of the reasons why some of them 1291 00:54:31,666 --> 00:54:33,300 were imported back in the day, 1292 00:54:33,300 --> 00:54:36,300 but even our native ones they're 1293 00:54:36,300 --> 00:54:38,233 a lot of them really like aphids. 1294 00:54:38,233 --> 00:54:41,000 Okay, and you know what, if you have aphids, 1295 00:54:41,000 --> 00:54:43,766 you probably have a lot of aphids. 1296 00:54:43,766 --> 00:54:45,333 Absolutely. So there's plenty there's 1297 00:54:45,333 --> 00:54:46,700 plenty of prey. 1298 00:54:46,700 --> 00:54:49,133 Okay, okay. Goodness gracious. 1299 00:54:49,133 --> 00:54:52,066 We've talked about so much I'm just so glad y'all are 1300 00:54:52,066 --> 00:54:53,733 with me today. This has been such fun. 1301 00:54:53,733 --> 00:54:56,100 Terasa, Thank you so much for getting the questions 1302 00:54:56,100 --> 00:54:57,800 together for us. You do such a good job 1303 00:54:57,800 --> 00:54:59,900 and it makes it so interesting because we have 1304 00:54:59,900 --> 00:55:01,633 a variety of things to talk about. 1305 00:55:01,633 --> 00:55:03,700 It is really an honor to be part of 1306 00:55:03,700 --> 00:55:06,000 the show and I just assemble all the things. 1307 00:55:06,000 --> 00:55:07,866 It's our viewers and supporters and other 1308 00:55:07,866 --> 00:55:11,033 Extension agents that get all the questions to us. 1309 00:55:11,033 --> 00:55:12,566 -and we thank y'all for being here. 1310 00:55:12,566 --> 00:55:14,333 I loved having y'all here. Hope you all come back. 1311 00:55:14,333 --> 00:55:15,666 Definitely. Absolutely. 1312 00:55:15,666 --> 00:55:16,933 Thanks for having us 1313 00:55:16,933 --> 00:55:19,266 Well, and we hope you'll join us next time too. 1314 00:55:19,266 --> 00:55:22,033 Right here for Making it Grow. Night, night. 1315 00:55:22,033 --> 00:55:28,533 ♪ 1316 00:55:28,533 --> 00:55:35,166 ♪ 1317 00:55:35,166 --> 00:55:40,333 ♪ 1318 00:55:40,333 --> 00:55:43,266 Making It Grow is brought to you in part by 1319 00:55:43,266 --> 00:55:46,533 Certified South Carolina is a cooperative effort 1320 00:55:46,533 --> 00:55:49,633 among farmers, retailers and the South Carolina 1321 00:55:49,633 --> 00:55:53,166 Department of Agriculture to help consumers identify 1322 00:55:53,166 --> 00:55:56,366 foods and agricultural products that are grown, 1323 00:55:56,366 --> 00:55:59,900 harvested or raised right here in the Palmetto State. 1324 00:56:01,266 --> 00:56:04,066 The Boyd Foundation supporting outdoor 1325 00:56:04,066 --> 00:56:06,133 recreational opportunities, 1326 00:56:06,133 --> 00:56:09,800 the appreciation of wildlife, educational programs 1327 00:56:09,800 --> 00:56:13,400 and enhancing the quality of life in Columbia, 1328 00:56:13,400 --> 00:56:15,733 South Carolina and the Midlands at large. 1329 00:56:16,933 --> 00:56:20,200 McLeod Farms in McBee, South Carolina. 1330 00:56:20,200 --> 00:56:24,033 Family owned and operated since 1916. 1331 00:56:24,033 --> 00:56:29,000 This family farm offers seasonal produce, 1332 00:56:29,000 --> 00:56:30,966 including over 40 varieties of peaches. 1333 00:56:30,966 --> 00:56:32,633 Additional funding 1334 00:56:32,633 --> 00:56:36,866 provided by the South Carolina Farm Bureau Federation 1335 00:56:36,866 --> 00:56:38,966 and Farm Bureau Insurance 1336 00:56:38,966 --> 00:56:42,000 and Boone Hall Farms.