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Making it Grow is brought to you 
in part by

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the South Carolina Department 
of Agriculture.

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Certified South Carolina grown 
helps consumers identify

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find and buy South 
Carolina products.

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McLeod Farms in McBee 
South Carolina.

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This family farm offers 
seasonal produce,

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including over 22 
varieties of peaches.

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Additional funding 
provided by International

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Paper and the South 
Carolina Farm Bureau

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Federation and Farm 
Bureau Insurance.

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♪

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Well, Good evening and 
Welcome to Making It Grow.

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I'm Amanda McNulty with 
Clemson Extension and

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SCETV. And we're so happy 
that through all these

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smart people over here 
and the miracles of

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electronic transmission, 
we're still able to join

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you. And we hope that 
you're enjoying our show.

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I'm still in Sumter at 
WRJA, socially distanced

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from the other two people 
who are here. And I'm so

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glad that we can join 
some of our favorite

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Clemson Extension Agents 
tonight. Vicky Bertagnolli

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you're sitting at 
home in Aiken and I

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think you've got someone 
who doesn't have to sit

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too far away from you. Nope. 
And I'll tell you what, he

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loves the fact that I'm 
working from home, right

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now. He is all about 
this telecommuting thing.

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And what is his name? This 
is Higgins. I adopted him

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in December 2019 
from the Sumter

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SPCA. And our producer 
Sean actually helped me

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make sure that I was able 
to bring him home.

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Well, he looks like he's 
made it made himself very

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at home there. And I'm 
glad you got some company.

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Vicky what are you 
doing given the

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circumstances that Clemson 
is working under now?

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How are you helping your 
clients?

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I have been editing a lot 
of pictures. Doing a lot

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of stuff online trying to 
post new content on

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Facebook pages. 
I've got Instagram

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accounts. And it's 
one of those things where

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we just have to adapt how 
we're teaching people

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and then we've got to 
make it where they remember it.

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So, Instagram 
and Facebook are great

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places because you can 
put pictures with it and it

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helps cement 
that idea in your head.

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It's wonderful! Great 
tools! Well and we enjoy

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seeing the things that 
you do and you help us so much.

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And we'll be 
excited to hear more from

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you later. But now I'm 
going to introduce our

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other help tonight. Tony 
Melton is of course no

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stranger to people who 
watch Making It Grow.

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And Tony is a fruit and 
vegetable specialist over

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in the Pee Dee. Tony tell me 
what you're able to do to

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help our farmers. Are you 
allowed to go and visit

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with them? What are 
your parameters? Yes, Amanda.

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I get to get out 
and go look at the

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beautiful crops. And I 
hate to say it, this year

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there have been some kind of 
ugly crops too, but not because

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of the farmer but because of the 
rain, being so, so much

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rain this year. But I've 
been out looking at crops

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and advising farmers. 
I can always give

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him a call. I go look and then 
call him and

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we talk about the 
situation. It's, you know,

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farming is not easy. It 
takes a lot of different

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people looking at it and things

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to know. 
I learn every day Amanda.

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I learned a lot about 
crops and all. And I

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hope I can share that 
with the farmers.

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Thank you, Tony. And Terasa 
Lott is off this week.

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Instead of the 
gardens of the week we're

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going to have a segment 
on a very serious problem

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that's been discovered in 
South Carolina.

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Hi. My name is Dave Coyle 
of the Clemson Extension. Today

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we're going to talk about 
the Asian Longhorn Beetle.

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This is a new 
invasive wood boring

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beetle. It's recently 
become established in

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Charleston County, South 
Carolina. We're standing

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here in the Low country. 
Were sitting right by

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tree that's very heavily 
infested. And there's a

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few characteristics for Asian 
Longhorn Beetle that can help

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you realize this tree 
might have it. The first

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thing are these little 
conical open position tics.

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The adult will sit there 
and chew a little nudge

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into the tree and then 
they will lay their eggs

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in there. It'll lay the eggs. 
The larvae then

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develop into foam for a 
few weeks and then they

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burrow straight into 
the wood. They feed on

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the wood for a number of 
months.

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At that point they pupate and 
they come out.

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When they come out they make 
these perfectly

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round exit holes.

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These are round enough and big 
enough, you can stick a

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pencil in there about an 
inch. The adults

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will emerge from that. They 
will come and they will

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feed on the tender green 
bark of these little chutes.

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You have this chew damage 
here. At that point

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those adults are going to 
mate. Females will start

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chewing again. 
She'll lay her

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eggs and the cycle 
repeats. This is the adult

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Asian Longhorn Beetle. 
You can see she's got

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a very long black and white 
striped antennae. If you look

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closely on the feet, they 
look blue. They've got a

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bluish, whitish blue tinge to 
them. And then she's got

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this big black body with 
white spots. And one important

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thing is that right behind where 
the head and abdomen meets.

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The thorax and the abdomen 
meets. There's no white

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spot. It's all black. We 
have a common sawyer here

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that has a white spot 
right there. So these three

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characteristics are the 
best way to tell if you

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have an Asian 
Longhorn Beetle.

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If you think you've seen an 
Asian Longhorn Beetle,

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we'd like you to contact 
one of three people.

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First is Clemson DPI, 
Department of Plant

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Industries. Second - contact 
your local Clemson

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Extension County Agent. 
And third - contact the

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USDA Animal Plant Health 
Inspection Service or USDA.

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We want to thank Dave 
Coyle and also Parker

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Johnson and Jamie Poleman. 
They are part of the

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Forestry and Natural 
Resources tea, who went

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down and shot that with 
Dave and gave us a break,

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but sent us this very 
important information. So,

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everybody keep your eyes 
out for that imported

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beetle. Vicky, insects are 
your passion. Other than

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the dog that sits in your lap 
occasionally. And you've

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got an interesting one to 
talk about. My mother used

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to say she hated flies 
more them sin.

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I can remember fly paper and 
things like that.

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But really, the insect kingdom 
is so diverse. And you've

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got a fly that's actually 
beneficial.

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And it's not that flies 
are always bad.

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They're like you said. 
There are a number of them

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that are beneficial. And one of 
them that I worked with

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extensively was when I 
was working for the

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Alabama Fire Ant Management 
program as a technician

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and then also working on 
my Master's work was a

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fly that's a parasitoid, 
of fire ants.

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And what it does is this 
little fly, their

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natural enemies, they'll 
lay eggs inside of the

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fiery ants in the thorax. 
The egg hatches, the

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maggot goes up into the fire 
ant's head, secretes an

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enzyme, makes the fire ants 
head fall off and then

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the fly is gonna 
to use the fly's head as a

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puparium and eventually 
emerge out of that ant

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head as an adult 
fly and the whole

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process starts 
all over again.

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And Vicky, I believe that 
researchers went to the

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natural range of the red 
imported fire ant to

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research this and were 
very, very careful before

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bringing it to the United 
States. And they weren't

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certain that it would be 
able to reproduce here.

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But has it been 
successful.

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So, whenever the USDA is 
taking on projects to

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bring in imported 
species to use as

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biological control for 
another species, what

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they're trying to do is go to 
the native range

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and there's anywhere from 
two to ten years worth of

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testing to make sure that 
this is going to be a

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suitable release, that 
they're not going to go

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after different species, 
that it's not gonna

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disrupt natural 
ecosystems. And you're

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right, the 
researchers went down to

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South America where the 
fire ants are natives and

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also these flies and then 
they brought them back

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and exposed them in the 
lab. There were species

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tests to make sure that they 
were going to attack

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other species of ants. 
They found them to be

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suitable. And then they 
started releasing them

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around the southeast in 
the mid 90s.

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There's about ten species 
that they've released.

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We have two of them in 
South Carolina, that's

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Pseudacteon tricuspis and 
Pseudacteon curvatus.

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And they're thriving. They're

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all over the southeast. 
But one thing you have to

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think about is that 
these are extremely

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specialized insects. And so 
they're not a silver

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bullet. And it's just 
another tool in our

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toolbox whenever we're 
trying to manage a pest.

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Alright, but there's 
another. There's lots

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of parasitoid flies, I 
understand. And you got

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another one that's quite 
interesting. Let's talk

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about that one. 
I do. And one thing you

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need to know is that a 
parasitoid is different

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than a parasite. A 
parasitoid means that

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it's going to kill its 
host in order to complete

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its life cycle. And I 
found this wonderful

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Tiger bee fly. And 
this was outside on my

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porch sitting on my 
coleus. And there's about

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800 different 
species of bee flies in

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North America. And one of 
the things that you need

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to know about this 
particular one is this is

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Xenox tigrinus and this 
happens to be a

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parasitoid of carpenter 
bees. Whew!

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And this is what makes it 
wonderful. You're going to

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see these flies hanging 
around untreated wood

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structures, like privacy 
fences,

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overhangs, anywhere 
carpenter bee would

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hang out. And that fly is 
looking for a carpenter

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bee nest, because what 
she's gonna do is she's

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going to lay her eggs 
either next to or either

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next to the carpenter 
bee eggs or she's gonna

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lay them at the entrance. 
And that first instar fly

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larva is extremely mobile. 
And they're gonna burrow

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their way into the 
carpenter bee and into

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the larva. And then once 
inside they're going to

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consume that larva as 
they grow, they're gonna

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metamorphose inside the 
carpenter bee nest. And

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eventually they're going 
to emerge from that

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carpenter bee nest. Thank 
you Vicky. We're excited

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to learn about the 
fascinating aspects of

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nature. Allison Jones is 
an education coordinator

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at the South Carolina 
Botanical Garden.

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You may remember, natural 
dyes for eggs that

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we did with her. 
Well, she's come

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up with another wonderful 
project and this one's called

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plant pounding.

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I'm speaking with Allison

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Jones who is the 
Educational Coordinator

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for the South Carolina 
Botanical Garden.

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And Alison you 
usually are doing

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projects with children. 
And one that you're going

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to talk to us about today 
is one that you done a

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lot with them. And it's 
making art using

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collected plant leaves or 
flowers and somehow

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transferring that pigment 
to the background. What do

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you call this? 
We call it plant pounding.

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Sometimes folks will call 
it leaf or

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flower pounding. But, so 
plant pounding using

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leaves or flowers and a 
hammer to get those

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pigments out of the plant 
part and onto the surface

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you're working on. And what 
are the different surfaces

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you can use? Do you use 
a

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T-shirt or a piece of 
fabric or paper? What's

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the best? Or are all those 
accessible? Those are all

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good options. And so, 
particularly if you're

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working with children, I 
would suggest using paper.

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Because it's easy 
if they make a mistake,

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00:13:01,714 --> 00:13:04,650
you can easily toss that 
one get a new piece.

237
00:13:04,750 --> 00:13:07,219
But, if you use paper, I would 
suggest a

238
00:13:07,319 --> 00:13:10,022
thicker paper. So like a card 
stock or maybe even

239
00:13:10,122 --> 00:13:13,359
a watercolor paper. Those would 
work really well. But as far as

240
00:13:13,459 --> 00:13:17,363
fabric goes, You can use 
fabric as well. Okay and

241
00:13:17,463 --> 00:13:20,599
if I have fabric, do I 
want something brand new?

242
00:13:20,699 --> 00:13:23,235
Or do I what something that's 
maybe doesn't have

243
00:13:23,335 --> 00:13:26,772
a lot of sizing left in it? What 
would you suggest? So, if

244
00:13:26,872 --> 00:13:31,343
you're using fabric 
obviously if you're using

245
00:13:31,443 --> 00:13:34,947
a fabric like in this 
case, I made a

246
00:13:35,047 --> 00:13:37,983
T-shirt. I used an old 
t-shirt of my daughter's

247
00:13:38,083 --> 00:13:40,786
that was stained. I sort of 
up-cycled it.

248
00:13:40,886 --> 00:13:43,189
My option was limited. 
That's the t-shirt I had.

249
00:13:43,289 --> 00:13:45,791
But it's 100% cotton, 
so it's a good option.

250
00:13:45,891 --> 00:13:48,827
Okay if you're using 
fabric though for like a

251
00:13:48,928 --> 00:13:51,597
decorative item, 
like a table runner or

252
00:13:51,697 --> 00:13:54,266
piece of wall art, again 
you just want to get

253
00:13:54,366 --> 00:13:56,468
something that's a 
100% cotton.

254
00:13:56,569 --> 00:14:00,706
And yes, washing it in 
advance can help just to

255
00:14:00,806 --> 00:14:04,009
make sure that there's 
nothing on it

256
00:14:04,109 --> 00:14:06,345
that's going to interfere 
with the dye absorption

257
00:14:06,445 --> 00:14:09,114
or the stain absorption, I 
should say.

258
00:14:09,215 --> 00:14:12,651
So, no stain resistant 
fabrics. That's right.

259
00:14:12,751 --> 00:14:15,454
That's right. 
We're going to try to

260
00:14:15,554 --> 00:14:18,624
stain it with the colors 
in the plant material

261
00:14:18,724 --> 00:14:22,294
that we collect. Exactly. 
Yeah. How do we go about

262
00:14:22,394 --> 00:14:23,996
collecting the plant 
material? What do

263
00:14:24,096 --> 00:14:28,434
you suggest looking for? Sure, 
okay. So, you're gonna of

264
00:14:28,534 --> 00:14:30,736
course be limited, you know 
depending on what

265
00:14:30,836 --> 00:14:35,007
area you're in. But, 
definitely leaves work

266
00:14:35,107 --> 00:14:37,977
well, just that the 
green the chlorophyll

267
00:14:38,077 --> 00:14:41,313
leaves tends to work 
really well. But, I know in

268
00:14:41,413 --> 00:14:43,682
the case of my daughters, 
they wanted most

269
00:14:43,782 --> 00:14:45,751
all flowers, 
when they do their

270
00:14:45,851 --> 00:14:48,821
projects. So, with the 
flowers, of course, you

271
00:14:48,921 --> 00:14:51,790
know you tend to pick 
something rich in hue,

272
00:14:51,890 --> 00:14:53,792
thinking that will 
transfer. And usually that

273
00:14:53,892 --> 00:14:57,630
is the case. But it isn't 
always the case. Sometimes,

274
00:14:57,730 --> 00:14:59,865
those really rich hues are 
some of the ones

275
00:14:59,965 --> 00:15:04,470
that fade more. But no matter 
what, you're gonna get

276
00:15:04,570 --> 00:15:08,107
you know a pretty result. It's 
going to be maybe darker

277
00:15:08,207 --> 00:15:11,277
or lighter. But you'll get 
to see as you experiment.

278
00:15:11,377 --> 00:15:15,381
And I do suggest that if 
you are a person who is

279
00:15:15,481 --> 00:15:17,483
working with a child 
who's really attached

280
00:15:17,583 --> 00:15:20,586
to a certain design idea or 
you are as the adult

281
00:15:20,686 --> 00:15:23,322
working on the craft, that 
you experiment with

282
00:15:23,422 --> 00:15:26,258
pounding those leaves or 
flowers first. See what

283
00:15:26,358 --> 00:15:28,794
they do before you make 
your final design.

284
00:15:28,894 --> 00:15:32,598
Good advice. Good advice. 
So, do I want to dry the

285
00:15:32,698 --> 00:15:36,101
plants or do 
they need to be

286
00:15:36,201 --> 00:15:39,571
fresh? How would you 
select them and store them?

287
00:15:39,672 --> 00:15:42,508
Yes. So, the best thing to 
do actually is to collect

288
00:15:42,608 --> 00:15:45,210
them as close to when you 
think you have time

289
00:15:45,311 --> 00:15:49,181
to do the project. So, now again 
if you're selecting from

290
00:15:49,281 --> 00:15:51,417
like a remote location 
and then you're gonna

291
00:15:51,517 --> 00:15:53,886
work on them at home, you can 
certainly keep

292
00:15:53,986 --> 00:15:56,488
them fresh with water and do the 
best you can.

293
00:15:56,588 --> 00:15:58,824
The goal is to have them as 
fresh as possible,

294
00:15:58,924 --> 00:16:01,460
because then that way they're 
gonna retain moisture and the

295
00:16:01,560 --> 00:16:03,929
pigment will be able to 
be released more easily.

296
00:16:04,029 --> 00:16:07,099
Alright, so I've gone 
out and I went out early

297
00:16:07,199 --> 00:16:09,568
and to my friend's house 
because she has a lovely

298
00:16:09,668 --> 00:16:13,005
garden. And I've collected 
some things and I've got

299
00:16:13,105 --> 00:16:15,708
I'm gonna use a piece of 
sheet

300
00:16:15,808 --> 00:16:19,645
that's been washed a good 
bit. And so now what,

301
00:16:19,745 --> 00:16:22,948
what's the next step? 
Absolutely. So it is

302
00:16:23,048 --> 00:16:26,151
pretty simple. So you're 
gonna gather up your plant

303
00:16:26,251 --> 00:16:29,588
materials and the first 
step - well, the first step

304
00:16:29,688 --> 00:16:32,391
is really making sure you 
have what you need to

305
00:16:32,491 --> 00:16:35,027
work with. So you're gonna 
need like a cutting board

306
00:16:35,127 --> 00:16:38,430
or even just a hard piece 
of wood. Because you

307
00:16:38,530 --> 00:16:41,266
need something hard to be 
able to hammer on top of.

308
00:16:41,367 --> 00:16:45,104
So, I would not 
suggest a like a split

309
00:16:45,204 --> 00:16:47,206
wood bamboo type of 
cutting board. You don't

310
00:16:47,306 --> 00:16:49,608
want to crack the 
cutting board but a solid

311
00:16:49,708 --> 00:16:53,846
piece. So you're 
gonna get that and maybe a

312
00:16:53,946 --> 00:16:57,182
towel. You can put that up 
under. And that will

313
00:16:57,282 --> 00:17:00,419
dampen the noise a little 
bit for you. And you can

314
00:17:00,519 --> 00:17:02,955
use a cutting board or 
piece of wood like this.

315
00:17:03,055 --> 00:17:06,091
You can either set it in 
your lap to work on

316
00:17:06,191 --> 00:17:10,295
to pound your leaves. 
Or like for

317
00:17:10,396 --> 00:17:12,865
children that's a little 
unwieldy, so it's easier

318
00:17:12,965 --> 00:17:16,201
to put on the ground and 
let them just hammer over

319
00:17:16,301 --> 00:17:19,304
top of it. You're going to 
take a piece of fabric

320
00:17:19,405 --> 00:17:22,441
and lay it on top of your 
cutting board.

321
00:17:22,541 --> 00:17:24,710
Then you're gonna, the first 
step is to arrange

322
00:17:24,810 --> 00:17:27,413
your design. So, make your 
leaves and flowers and so

323
00:17:27,513 --> 00:17:29,715
forth and design you want. 
Once you get to

324
00:17:29,815 --> 00:17:32,484
that point, you may notice that 
there are some pieces you

325
00:17:32,584 --> 00:17:36,088
need to cut up. So, just 
take your scissors and

326
00:17:36,188 --> 00:17:38,724
trim those a bit and 
you're gonna use

327
00:17:38,824 --> 00:17:42,161
tape, masking tape 
would work or painters

328
00:17:42,261 --> 00:17:47,299
tape will work 
to secure those into place.

329
00:17:47,399 --> 00:17:50,869
Because if you 
don't, that first jarring

330
00:17:50,969 --> 00:17:53,272
hit of the hammer is gonna 
just wobble everything

331
00:17:53,372 --> 00:17:55,941
around,. So, you're going to 
use the tape and you're

332
00:17:56,041 --> 00:17:59,878
going to go around the 
edges of every leaf and

333
00:17:59,978 --> 00:18:03,816
flower until you have the 
entire design covered how

334
00:18:03,916 --> 00:18:06,518
you want it. The only 
thing that is really

335
00:18:06,618 --> 00:18:09,288
different is that with 
a t-shirt, you're going to

336
00:18:09,388 --> 00:18:11,957
be you know working on 
the front surface of a

337
00:18:12,057 --> 00:18:15,060
t-shirt. In order to get 
to the backside, you have

338
00:18:15,160 --> 00:18:18,430
to turn your shirt 
inside out and then lay

339
00:18:18,530 --> 00:18:22,167
it down. And in order to 
protect the back of the

340
00:18:22,267 --> 00:18:25,103
shirt if that concerns 
you, cause pigments

341
00:18:25,204 --> 00:18:28,040
will bleed through if you don't. 
You can just cut some

342
00:18:28,140 --> 00:18:31,310
paper towels or even a 
hand towel inside the

343
00:18:31,410 --> 00:18:34,012
shirt to keep the 
front surface from

344
00:18:34,112 --> 00:18:37,783
bleeding to the back. 
And it's as simple as

345
00:18:37,883 --> 00:18:40,419
just you continue to pound. 
You can kind of work

346
00:18:40,519 --> 00:18:43,655
from the edges of a leaf or a 
flower inward and then

347
00:18:43,755 --> 00:18:47,159
once you have it all done, 
turn it over and reveal on

348
00:18:47,259 --> 00:18:51,029
what you have 
under that tape.

349
00:18:51,129 --> 00:18:54,066
If you're doing it on 
paper, don't -

350
00:18:54,166 --> 00:18:56,401
This is something I haven't 
mentioned, but on the

351
00:18:56,502 --> 00:18:59,071
paper before you put down 
the tape, you're going to

352
00:18:59,171 --> 00:19:01,573
put down a layer of paper 
towel. And then you're

353
00:19:01,673 --> 00:19:04,710
gonna use the tape, so you 
won't require as much tape.

354
00:19:04,810 --> 00:19:07,880
You're gonna can use the tape 
just to hold the paper towel

355
00:19:07,980 --> 00:19:11,550
down. And just pound the leaf or 
flower down that way.

356
00:19:11,650 --> 00:19:14,319
So, that's how you hold 
it. But again, we use

357
00:19:14,419 --> 00:19:16,889
painters tape we got a 
few little tears here and

358
00:19:16,989 --> 00:19:19,691
there, but it was nothing 
substantial. So you really

359
00:19:19,791 --> 00:19:25,864
do want to tape the plant 
material down, well.

360
00:19:25,964 --> 00:19:28,066
You're gonna really be 
whacking away on it.

361
00:19:28,167 --> 00:19:32,337
So, you got to get the whole 
with tape, is that correct?

362
00:19:32,437 --> 00:19:36,008
Yes, so, the more elaborate 
your design, the more

363
00:19:36,108 --> 00:19:39,278
you're going 
to need it to be really

364
00:19:39,378 --> 00:19:43,448
taped down in place. So, 
for the t-shirt that

365
00:19:43,549 --> 00:19:47,152
I made, I taped down 
everything all the way,

366
00:19:47,252 --> 00:19:51,189
very secure before doing 
any pounding. With a paper

367
00:19:51,290 --> 00:19:56,628
project though, you can 
easily do one section, you

368
00:19:56,728 --> 00:19:59,298
know, take that off and 
move on to the next

369
00:19:59,398 --> 00:20:01,633
section. But, certainly, 
once you turn that shirt

370
00:20:01,733 --> 00:20:04,403
inside out to go back 
and forth and back and

371
00:20:04,503 --> 00:20:07,139
forth, you wouldn't be able 
to keep your design, right?

372
00:20:07,239 --> 00:20:09,775
And then you really just 
use a hammer like you

373
00:20:09,875 --> 00:20:12,945
would hammer a nail in 
the wall? Yes, just

374
00:20:13,045 --> 00:20:16,481
a steel headed 
hammer. A lot of folks I

375
00:20:16,582 --> 00:20:19,484
think, think to themselves, 
maybe a mallet would be

376
00:20:19,585 --> 00:20:22,187
better, right. But actually 
you won't get enough of

377
00:20:22,287 --> 00:20:26,491
the pigment out that way. You 
you want that

378
00:20:26,592 --> 00:20:30,829
hard metal surface to use. 
And you just started

379
00:20:30,929 --> 00:20:36,034
with the outside pounding and 
hit each section just like once

380
00:20:36,134 --> 00:20:38,470
and then try to overlap 
and move around and

381
00:20:38,570 --> 00:20:41,506
concentric circles, moving 
towards the middle? Yes.

382
00:20:41,607 --> 00:20:44,843
Well the way, the way that 
I would do it is you know

383
00:20:44,943 --> 00:20:47,479
roughly in your mind 
where some leaves or

384
00:20:47,579 --> 00:20:51,249
flowers are that you've placed. 
So you try to locate one

385
00:20:51,350 --> 00:20:53,151
And you'll 
start to see where the

386
00:20:53,252 --> 00:20:56,588
margins are. And so what I 
suggest is start at the

387
00:20:56,688 --> 00:20:58,924
margins. If you're 
working on one flower in

388
00:20:59,024 --> 00:21:01,193
your big design, start in 
the margins of that

389
00:21:01,293 --> 00:21:04,596
flower and then start working 
your way in.

390
00:21:04,696 --> 00:21:07,299
What will happen is you'll 
kind of see when you're done.

391
00:21:07,399 --> 00:21:09,167
You're gonna see 
pigment coming through on

392
00:21:09,267 --> 00:21:12,304
the working side too. 
So, you will see that image

393
00:21:12,404 --> 00:21:14,840
appear. 
And, you of course, you don't

394
00:21:14,940 --> 00:21:16,808
know for certain 
what you got until you

395
00:21:16,908 --> 00:21:20,112
open it. So you just want 
to try to do your best to

396
00:21:20,212 --> 00:21:22,281
judge. It looks like 
enough pigment has gone

397
00:21:22,381 --> 00:21:25,217
through. Kids are sometimes 
tempted you know just

398
00:21:25,317 --> 00:21:27,686
whack here, whack there 
and they don't get as

399
00:21:27,786 --> 00:21:30,489
thorough coverage. So, they 
get almost like a

400
00:21:30,589 --> 00:21:33,225
dash or polka dotted 
effect rather than the

401
00:21:33,325 --> 00:21:36,662
whole botanical 
image. So, you want to kind

402
00:21:36,762 --> 00:21:39,798
of remind them. Complete 
the whole thing and

403
00:21:39,898 --> 00:21:42,501
that's why it helps to 
kind of spiral in.

404
00:21:42,601 --> 00:21:45,937
Do I need to set it in 
any way? And does it make

405
00:21:46,038 --> 00:21:48,073
any difference if it's on 
paper or fabric?

406
00:21:48,173 --> 00:21:50,942
What's the next step 
I need to go through? Okay

407
00:21:51,043 --> 00:21:54,112
so if you are making a 
piece that you want to be

408
00:21:54,212 --> 00:21:57,716
able to wash. Know, 
first and foremost that

409
00:21:57,816 --> 00:22:01,653
these stains are going 
to fade over time. That is

410
00:22:01,753 --> 00:22:04,623
going to happen. But to 
make them last longer. Yes

411
00:22:04,723 --> 00:22:07,826
you need to try to set 
the stains. So, one way

412
00:22:07,926 --> 00:22:11,029
that you can do that is 
you can use an iron and

413
00:22:11,129 --> 00:22:14,132
you can just iron the 
stains in.

414
00:22:14,232 --> 00:22:16,635
Okay, so you're trying to 
instead of trying to

415
00:22:16,735 --> 00:22:18,503
of course get out a stain 
with cool,

416
00:22:18,603 --> 00:22:21,206
don't use hot. You're trying to 
set it with that hot

417
00:22:21,306 --> 00:22:24,209
temperature. If you want 
to take it a step further

418
00:22:24,309 --> 00:22:26,712
which is what I tried, 
because I wanted to

419
00:22:26,812 --> 00:22:30,916
see you know how I well I 
can get it to set in.

420
00:22:31,016 --> 00:22:34,753
I used a method that I 
read about from a quilter

421
00:22:34,853 --> 00:22:37,322
and an artist uses 
leaf pounding in her quilts.

422
00:22:37,422 --> 00:22:40,759
Her name is Betty Kimbrell. 
And what she does is she

423
00:22:40,859 --> 00:22:44,362
uses a mixture of vinegar 
and water and after her

424
00:22:44,463 --> 00:22:46,331
leaf pounding is 
complete on her fabric,

425
00:22:46,431 --> 00:22:48,734
she'll then place your 
fabric in that bath and

426
00:22:48,834 --> 00:22:52,037
let it sit for a little 
while to help set

427
00:22:52,137 --> 00:22:55,073
the fabric to help it to 
retain the color for a

428
00:22:55,173 --> 00:22:57,876
longer period of time and 
obviously if you're going

429
00:22:57,976 --> 00:23:00,512
to be washing the fabric, 
again you're going to be

430
00:23:00,612 --> 00:23:02,981
doing very gently. You're 
going to want to hand

431
00:23:03,081 --> 00:23:08,353
wash it. And I've heard 
in researching this, folks say

432
00:23:08,453 --> 00:23:10,889
'Well, I don't worry 
about it. I just throw it'

433
00:23:10,989 --> 00:23:14,059
'in the wash and what comes out, 
comes out.' So you always

434
00:23:14,159 --> 00:23:16,027
have that option. 
You just have to be

435
00:23:16,128 --> 00:23:18,463
prepared that you could 
lose a lot of your work.

436
00:23:18,563 --> 00:23:21,166
So, setting it with 
what I did, was set it with

437
00:23:21,266 --> 00:23:24,002
an iron first and then 
put it in a water and

438
00:23:24,102 --> 00:23:26,238
vinegar bath for about 
fifteen minutes. I let to

439
00:23:26,338 --> 00:23:30,008
hang out to dry and then 
I did I hand wash with

440
00:23:30,108 --> 00:23:33,712
just a gentle detergent, a hand 
wash in the sink and

441
00:23:33,812 --> 00:23:36,748
had my final product. 
And did you heat the water

442
00:23:36,848 --> 00:23:39,084
and vinegar solution or 
was it just room

443
00:23:39,184 --> 00:23:41,753
temperature? That's a 
great question I just did

444
00:23:41,853 --> 00:23:45,457
room temperature for my 
solution. And then if

445
00:23:45,557 --> 00:23:50,095
we used paper, I 
wouldn't be ironing the

446
00:23:50,195 --> 00:23:53,064
paper I don't suppose. Do I 
just go ahead and frame it.

447
00:23:53,165 --> 00:23:55,033
No. So, once 
you're done with your

448
00:23:55,133 --> 00:23:57,569
paper you just kind of 
let it dry.

449
00:23:57,669 --> 00:24:00,539
One thing though to note, is 
that when you lift up your

450
00:24:00,639 --> 00:24:03,642
paper towel and your tape 
from your paper design,

451
00:24:03,742 --> 00:24:05,977
when you got a look at 
that, sometimes you'll

452
00:24:06,077 --> 00:24:10,148
notice that there is some 
debris left from the

453
00:24:10,248 --> 00:24:14,085
petals or the leaf. So, 
sometimes your

454
00:24:14,186 --> 00:24:16,188
first inclination is 
going to be scratch

455
00:24:16,288 --> 00:24:19,257
that away, but I will warn 
you that usually that's

456
00:24:19,357 --> 00:24:22,194
okay. You can clean it up 
a little bit. But take

457
00:24:22,294 --> 00:24:26,164
care. Because sometimes 
leaving a really thin film

458
00:24:26,264 --> 00:24:29,067
of tissue creates a really 
beautiful design. And if

459
00:24:29,167 --> 00:24:32,037
you remove it, you can 
remove a lot of the color

460
00:24:32,137 --> 00:24:35,440
and prettiness with it. 
But once you are done

461
00:24:35,540 --> 00:24:38,877
pounding the paper 
designs, that's the last

462
00:24:38,977 --> 00:24:42,013
step. You're ready to go 
and truth be told if

463
00:24:42,113 --> 00:24:45,250
you're just using a 
plane sludge of fabric

464
00:24:45,350 --> 00:24:48,987
like we've done many years. Like 
this one. I did not set this.

465
00:24:49,087 --> 00:24:52,858
I pounded and then this is 
about six or seven years

466
00:24:52,958 --> 00:24:57,729
old. And I never did any 
setting. I just was done. I

467
00:24:57,829 --> 00:25:00,699
framed it I knew I would 
never wash it. And it's

468
00:25:00,799 --> 00:25:04,836
lasted for years. I just 
think I'm gonna have to

469
00:25:04,936 --> 00:25:08,039
get my hammer out and I'm 
so glad you told me about

470
00:25:08,139 --> 00:25:10,542
the mallet. Because I had 
a mallet. And

471
00:25:10,642 --> 00:25:13,211
that's what I should use. 
But I actually will use

472
00:25:13,311 --> 00:25:18,016
my hammer. And I 
will try to not do it

473
00:25:18,116 --> 00:25:20,252
while my husband 
likes to sleep later than

474
00:25:20,352 --> 00:25:24,222
I do in the morning. 
Absolutely, it's a very

475
00:25:24,322 --> 00:25:27,158
noisy project. And for 
a lot of children, that's

476
00:25:27,259 --> 00:25:30,195
part of the fun, is they 
get to really get loud

477
00:25:30,295 --> 00:25:34,266
with a hammer. Well, you 
have opened up ways that

478
00:25:34,366 --> 00:25:38,970
we can explore our 
backyards more and have

479
00:25:39,070 --> 00:25:40,972
wonderful experiences 
with our children and with

480
00:25:41,072 --> 00:25:43,542
our friends and then 
have memories of those

481
00:25:43,642 --> 00:25:46,845
experiences to keep. Thank 
you so very much for

482
00:25:46,945 --> 00:25:50,782
sharing another great 
project with us. Thank you so

483
00:25:50,882 --> 00:25:52,217
much for having me, Amanda.

484
00:25:55,420 --> 00:25:57,522
So, get out your hammer

485
00:25:57,622 --> 00:26:01,092
and have at it. 
And you'll feel a lot

486
00:26:01,192 --> 00:26:03,128
better after you finish. 
And you'll have something

487
00:26:03,228 --> 00:26:05,630
beautiful to hang on your 
wall or a wonderful T-

488
00:26:05,730 --> 00:26:08,099
shirt to wear. Thank you 
again Allison Jones for

489
00:26:08,199 --> 00:26:11,870
sharing your incredible 
creativity with us.

490
00:26:11,970 --> 00:26:14,439
Tony, one of the things 
that I just love about

491
00:26:14,539 --> 00:26:16,841
Summer is cucumbers. I like 
cucumber sandwiches.

492
00:26:16,942 --> 00:26:19,978
I like you cucumbers with 
vinegar on them. I like

493
00:26:20,078 --> 00:26:24,149
cucumber soup. I have even 
made cucumber sherbet.

494
00:26:24,249 --> 00:26:27,786
But cucumbers are 
actually kind of hard to

495
00:26:27,886 --> 00:26:30,188
grow. They have several 
problems. So, tell us about

496
00:26:30,288 --> 00:26:32,157
some of the things that 
make it difficult

497
00:26:32,257 --> 00:26:33,758
sometimes to have this 
wonderful summer

498
00:26:33,858 --> 00:26:37,629
vegetable. 
Yes, Amanda this in the

499
00:26:37,729 --> 00:26:41,366
Fall especially, it starts 
around July the first.

500
00:26:41,466 --> 00:26:44,636
That's when things start 
moving in that you don't

501
00:26:44,736 --> 00:26:48,340
want in your cucumbers. 
First off, I got

502
00:26:48,440 --> 00:26:53,378
pictures there of a 
pickleworm. Pickleworm is

503
00:26:53,478 --> 00:26:58,016
a little maggot, moth 
that lays its egg

504
00:26:58,116 --> 00:27:01,353
on the pickle and it burrows 
into the pickle. And it

505
00:27:01,453 --> 00:27:04,889
makes a mess. Commercial 
growers have a

506
00:27:04,990 --> 00:27:07,425
hard time controlling it. 
But they do. I mean we're

507
00:27:07,525 --> 00:27:09,794
growing a lot of 
commercial pickles in

508
00:27:09,894 --> 00:27:12,797
South Carolina, now. 
Actually, thousands of

509
00:27:12,897 --> 00:27:15,400
acres of pickles are 
being grown in South

510
00:27:15,500 --> 00:27:19,771
Carolina. They harvest 
on machines Amanda.

511
00:27:19,871 --> 00:27:24,242
Kinda like a cotton picker. It 
goes through the field and they

512
00:27:24,342 --> 00:27:27,545
either pickup the cucumbers and 
take them off the vine and do it

513
00:27:27,645 --> 00:27:30,982
with hand - I used to go 
out and pick all day long

514
00:27:31,082 --> 00:27:34,486
with cucumbers. And that 
is a job, Amanda.

515
00:27:34,586 --> 00:27:36,454
Sticking your prostare up

516
00:27:36,554 --> 00:27:39,257
in the air and picking 
cucumbers is no fun.

517
00:27:39,357 --> 00:27:41,393
I tell you the honest truth.

518
00:27:41,493 --> 00:27:45,296
Well, pickleworm is tough. 
And then another one is

519
00:27:45,397 --> 00:27:48,500
downy mildew. And I happen 
to have some here.

520
00:27:48,600 --> 00:27:51,703
If you stick it in a 
bag, it kinda gets all the

521
00:27:51,803 --> 00:27:54,706
way up under the bottom 
of the leaf. And on top

522
00:27:54,806 --> 00:27:59,110
you have a little bit of 
a checkerboard.

523
00:27:59,210 --> 00:28:01,679
And it is a tremendous 
problem. It comes in

524
00:28:01,780 --> 00:28:04,682
July too. 
It just moves up from Florida.

525
00:28:04,783 --> 00:28:09,554
These problems are shared 
by Florida our way and

526
00:28:09,654 --> 00:28:13,191
then whenever it comes in 
it gets very difficult to grow

527
00:28:13,291 --> 00:28:16,961
any kind of cucumbers. 
it also goes to squash.

528
00:28:17,062 --> 00:28:19,831
And then there's another 
type downy mildew that goes

529
00:28:19,931 --> 00:28:22,600
to watermelon. 
It gets on watermelon, too.

530
00:28:22,700 --> 00:28:26,071
So, it is more 
difficult to grow and if

531
00:28:26,171 --> 00:28:29,541
curb it, that in 
South Carolina in

532
00:28:29,641 --> 00:28:32,544
the Fall. So, it gets really 
tough.

533
00:28:32,644 --> 00:28:37,382
Tony, what conditions are 
favorable for explosions of

534
00:28:37,482 --> 00:28:39,684
downy mildew. You told 
me it's been pretty

535
00:28:39,784 --> 00:28:43,588
bad this year. Right, rain, 
rain, rain. That encourages it

536
00:28:43,688 --> 00:28:47,792
tremendously because it 
is a more mold. It likes

537
00:28:47,892 --> 00:28:52,430
wetness. Wetness on the 
leaves, it spreads and it

538
00:28:52,530 --> 00:28:55,166
gets worse and then it 
produces spores that

539
00:28:55,266 --> 00:28:58,837
travel in the wind and 
then goes from Florida to

540
00:28:58,937 --> 00:29:03,675
Michigan, all the way up 
the east coast. And we

541
00:29:03,775 --> 00:29:06,478
have a pretty tough time. 
And the problem with it

542
00:29:06,578 --> 00:29:10,181
especially is that it's 
resistant to most of our

543
00:29:10,281 --> 00:29:12,817
fungicide. 
But the only thing a

544
00:29:12,917 --> 00:29:16,588
homeowner can do is use a 
chlorothalonil or

545
00:29:16,688 --> 00:29:20,592
a lot of people call it 
Daconil. And just use it

546
00:29:20,692 --> 00:29:24,529
on a repeated basis. And 
then once it gets bad,

547
00:29:24,629 --> 00:29:27,465
hopefully you got some more 
planted somewhere else.

548
00:29:27,565 --> 00:29:30,401
Okay. 
Thanks so much, Tony

549
00:29:30,502 --> 00:29:33,838
I appreciate that. 
Vicky, again you found

550
00:29:33,938 --> 00:29:37,942
some fascinating 
insect that we probably

551
00:29:38,042 --> 00:29:41,446
would never have noticed. 
But, with your sharp eyes, it

552
00:29:41,546 --> 00:29:44,616
didn't get past you. 
I tell you what, you would

553
00:29:44,716 --> 00:29:48,820
absolutely notice this. 
We were eating dinner

554
00:29:48,920 --> 00:29:53,391
outdoors and all of a 
sudden, there was a very

555
00:29:53,491 --> 00:29:56,728
large beetle sitting in 
an empty chair that was

556
00:29:56,828 --> 00:30:00,632
not invited to dinner. And 
it was one of those things

557
00:30:00,732 --> 00:30:02,800
you're like, 
what the heck is that?

558
00:30:02,901 --> 00:30:06,137
And this thing was, it's 
one of the larger beetles

559
00:30:06,237 --> 00:30:08,239
that we have in our area.

560
00:30:08,339 --> 00:30:11,843
This is called an ox beetle. 
This particular species looks

561
00:30:11,943 --> 00:30:16,447
to be Strategic antaeus 
is what the

562
00:30:16,548 --> 00:30:20,084
scientific name is. And 
the adults are active

563
00:30:20,185 --> 00:30:23,688
from May to November. And 
they're trying to

564
00:30:23,788 --> 00:30:26,624
mate this whole time. 
And this is a really

565
00:30:26,724 --> 00:30:30,962
interesting beetle in 
that there are major

566
00:30:31,062 --> 00:30:36,134
males and there are minor 
males. So, that these are -

567
00:30:36,234 --> 00:30:38,336
These are similar to 
Rhinoceros Beetles

568
00:30:38,436 --> 00:30:40,872
Sometimes, they call them 
Rhinoceros Beetles.

569
00:30:40,972 --> 00:30:45,743
But they have horns and 
the major males have very

570
00:30:45,843 --> 00:30:48,880
large pronounced horns. 
And then the minor males

571
00:30:48,980 --> 00:30:52,350
have smaller horns. And 
then the females have the

572
00:30:52,450 --> 00:30:54,719
central horn but they 
won't have the two

573
00:30:54,819 --> 00:30:57,689
larger ones. 
Very, very easy to

574
00:30:57,789 --> 00:31:01,092
identify. 
We've got six species in

575
00:31:01,192 --> 00:31:05,063
our area. 
And the larvae of the

576
00:31:05,163 --> 00:31:10,535
species can sometimes be 
a pest on tree fruits.

577
00:31:10,635 --> 00:31:13,304
They mention specifically 
peaches.

578
00:31:13,404 --> 00:31:15,673
I talked to Tony 
about it and he

579
00:31:15,773 --> 00:31:18,276
mentioned that he's not 
hearing them as a problem

580
00:31:18,376 --> 00:31:21,546
here in South Carolina. 
These beetles are

581
00:31:21,646 --> 00:31:24,949
very, very interesting and 
that whenever they dig

582
00:31:25,049 --> 00:31:27,952
their burrows to lay 
their eggs, they're

583
00:31:28,052 --> 00:31:31,990
digging them six to eight 
inches down into a

584
00:31:32,090 --> 00:31:36,127
vertical shaft. And then 
they make a one to five

585
00:31:36,227 --> 00:31:39,998
inch horizontal chamber. 
And these chambers

586
00:31:40,098 --> 00:31:43,968
sometimes connect but 
they'll lay one egg per

587
00:31:44,068 --> 00:31:47,171
chamber. 
And apparently

588
00:31:47,272 --> 00:31:48,673
this is the 
behavior that

589
00:31:48,773 --> 00:31:52,210
they developed, because in lab 
colonies they noticed

590
00:31:52,310 --> 00:31:55,480
that the larvae are 
cannibalistic. And, so

591
00:31:55,580 --> 00:31:58,016
apparently they've gotten 
smarter and they said, 'Hey!'

592
00:31:58,116 --> 00:32:02,053
'It's only a good idea to 
lay one egg per chamber.'

593
00:32:02,153 --> 00:32:06,457
But they'll have, 
the larvae are gonna feed

594
00:32:06,557 --> 00:32:10,695
on leaf debris, kind of 
death out there decaying,

595
00:32:10,795 --> 00:32:15,233
especially oak leaves and 
oak roots. And then you're

596
00:32:15,333 --> 00:32:20,271
gonna see the boroughs 
in about August.

597
00:32:20,371 --> 00:32:23,207
And you're gonna have 
first instars in October,

598
00:32:23,308 --> 00:32:27,545
second instars in 
January, third instars in

599
00:32:27,645 --> 00:32:29,881
Spring. And then you're 
gonna start seeing these

600
00:32:29,981 --> 00:32:34,686
adults after that. 
Absolutely amazing!

601
00:32:34,786 --> 00:32:38,523
And what is damaging 
about them Vicky?

602
00:32:38,623 --> 00:32:41,726
The larvae are 
feeding on the roots

603
00:32:41,826 --> 00:32:47,932
of trees. 
Fortunately, I think

604
00:32:48,032 --> 00:32:51,035
you and Tony chatted 
earlier this isn't

605
00:32:51,135 --> 00:32:53,571
something that feeds on 
our peach trees here and

606
00:32:53,671 --> 00:32:55,606
other parts of the 
country. They have had

607
00:32:55,707 --> 00:32:58,976
some problems with it. 
They mentioned it was

608
00:32:59,077 --> 00:33:01,779
around the southeast. 
These are found all

609
00:33:01,879 --> 00:33:03,581
over the eastern U.S.,

610
00:33:03,681 --> 00:33:07,318
all the way west out to 
Texas and Oklahoma.

611
00:33:07,418 --> 00:33:09,987
But the one thing that I 
found in the literature

612
00:33:10,088 --> 00:33:12,623
it seems to be that it 
was only mentioned it one

613
00:33:12,724 --> 00:33:14,959
place in Alabama. So, I 
don't think they're one

614
00:33:15,059 --> 00:33:18,129
of the major pests, but 
they could be

615
00:33:18,229 --> 00:33:21,332
considered pest 
pestiferous. Well, I think

616
00:33:21,432 --> 00:33:24,135
peaches have enough pests. 
They can just stay down there

617
00:33:24,235 --> 00:33:28,206
in Alabama. 
As far as I'm concerned.

618
00:33:28,306 --> 00:33:30,942
Well, thank you Vicky. That 
was fun and I'm so glad

619
00:33:31,042 --> 00:33:33,010
we got to watch that 
interesting video about

620
00:33:33,111 --> 00:33:36,681
it too. We sure appreciate 
it. You're welcome.

621
00:33:36,781 --> 00:33:40,952
Bill Powell is our state 
bee specialist and

622
00:33:41,052 --> 00:33:45,390
pollinator specialist. And 
he reminds us that

623
00:33:45,490 --> 00:33:48,126
sometimes things don't 
have to have great big

624
00:33:48,226 --> 00:33:51,696
flowers in order to be 
very important food

625
00:33:51,796 --> 00:33:54,699
sources for pollinators. 
So, let's go and learn

626
00:33:54,799 --> 00:33:57,735
about how important 
hollies can be for some

627
00:33:57,835 --> 00:33:59,270
of our pollinators.

628
00:34:01,472 --> 00:34:04,375
I'm talking with Ben Powell, 
and Ben is the

629
00:34:04,475 --> 00:34:08,579
Extension Apiculture and 
Pollinators Specialist.

630
00:34:08,679 --> 00:34:11,816
And Ben with all 
the things we hear about

631
00:34:11,916 --> 00:34:14,285
the problems 
that bees and

632
00:34:14,385 --> 00:34:16,053
pollinators have, we're 
so glad that there's

633
00:34:16,154 --> 00:34:19,657
somebody whose 
specifically designated

634
00:34:19,757 --> 00:34:21,793
to help get the 
information out of what

635
00:34:21,893 --> 00:34:27,298
we as citizens can do to 
do our part. And you said

636
00:34:27,398 --> 00:34:30,034
there's a plant that you 
particularly enjoy that

637
00:34:30,134 --> 00:34:33,171
people often don't think 
of as being important in

638
00:34:33,271 --> 00:34:36,941
that pollinating, 
feeding world. Yes, you

639
00:34:37,041 --> 00:34:39,243
know, it's funny, Amanda, 
we've been doing these

640
00:34:39,343 --> 00:34:42,513
ZOOM meetings, these online 
meetings and our team of

641
00:34:42,613 --> 00:34:45,683
horticulture agents have 
met regularly. And one of

642
00:34:45,783 --> 00:34:47,785
the questions the team 
posed to everybody was,

643
00:34:47,885 --> 00:34:50,822
'What's your favorite 
plant?' and I piped up and

644
00:34:50,922 --> 00:34:53,558
said the hollies. And 
there was a kind of a

645
00:34:53,658 --> 00:34:57,528
round of chuckles that 
went through the crowd.

646
00:34:57,628 --> 00:35:00,264
Everybody was like that's 
just a foundation

647
00:35:00,364 --> 00:35:02,934
plant. 'What's special about 
hollies?'

648
00:35:03,034 --> 00:35:05,736
But they are actually 
some of my favorites.

649
00:35:05,837 --> 00:35:09,073
Well and I guess we feel 
that way because

650
00:35:09,173 --> 00:35:11,442
hollies aren't known for 
great big beautiful

651
00:35:11,542 --> 00:35:15,613
flowers. Right. But they're 
very important flowers.

652
00:35:15,713 --> 00:35:17,815
And hollies have male 
flowers and female

653
00:35:17,915 --> 00:35:21,686
flowers. And so, 
let's talk about

654
00:35:21,786 --> 00:35:25,690
why those kind of small 
flowers are important and

655
00:35:25,790 --> 00:35:27,692
what's important about 
the male flower. And

656
00:35:27,792 --> 00:35:30,228
what's important about 
the female flower?

657
00:35:30,328 --> 00:35:34,465
So, hollies are a 
very diverse group of

658
00:35:34,565 --> 00:35:37,735
plants. There's like 500 
species worldwide.

659
00:35:37,835 --> 00:35:40,771
And I think North America 
has about half of those.

660
00:35:40,872 --> 00:35:44,876
So, we actually you 
know get to see what they

661
00:35:44,976 --> 00:35:47,245
can do on a regular basis. 
The good news

662
00:35:47,345 --> 00:35:51,315
is we have a lot of options for 
landscaping, as well.

663
00:35:51,415 --> 00:35:54,185
The holly flower is not a 
very big showy

664
00:35:54,285 --> 00:35:58,589
flower, for us. But if you 
were a bee, it's the best

665
00:35:58,689 --> 00:36:02,059
thing ever. 
Highly nutritious, has

666
00:36:02,160 --> 00:36:06,230
a lot of nectar volume to 
it, as well as pollen.

667
00:36:06,330 --> 00:36:09,567
And when Holly trees are in 
bloom, you will see just

668
00:36:09,667 --> 00:36:12,470
about every kind of 
pollinator in your area

669
00:36:12,570 --> 00:36:15,907
work in those trees. 
So, if you're somebody who

670
00:36:16,007 --> 00:36:19,210
likes to look at 
pollinators and

671
00:36:19,310 --> 00:36:23,147
photograph them, holly 
is going to be - it's

672
00:36:23,247 --> 00:36:25,516
like having a whole lot 
of channels on your

673
00:36:25,616 --> 00:36:29,487
cable almost. That's right. 
I was just looking

674
00:36:29,587 --> 00:36:32,290
at some 
East Palatka hollies

675
00:36:32,390 --> 00:36:35,860
that I just planted last 
Fall. And there only about

676
00:36:35,960 --> 00:36:38,529
eight feet tall right now. 
They are so full of

677
00:36:38,629 --> 00:36:42,800
blooms that it was so 
much activity with bees

678
00:36:42,900 --> 00:36:46,003
and flies and butterflies 
and so many different

679
00:36:46,103 --> 00:36:48,973
insects, that you know my 
kids are like, 'Can I even

680
00:36:49,073 --> 00:36:52,076
go out there dad ? It's a 
whole lot of stuff flying

681
00:36:52,176 --> 00:36:54,545
around over there.' Like 
man, their foraging.

682
00:36:54,645 --> 00:36:57,515
They're not gonna hurt 
you, right now. They're much

683
00:36:57,615 --> 00:36:59,450
more interested in 
getting something to eat.

684
00:36:59,550 --> 00:37:03,788
Why is both pollen and 
nectar important?

685
00:37:03,888 --> 00:37:08,326
How is it used? Sure, so 
honey bees are relatively

686
00:37:08,426 --> 00:37:12,396
unique in that they 
collect and store nectar

687
00:37:12,496 --> 00:37:16,000
which is the carbohydrate, 
the sugar source. And so,

688
00:37:16,100 --> 00:37:18,336
hollies are good for that. 
So, you will definitely

689
00:37:18,436 --> 00:37:21,172
find honey bees working 
that. But most of our

690
00:37:21,272 --> 00:37:24,909
native pollinators, the 
solitary pollinators, what

691
00:37:25,009 --> 00:37:27,979
they're really most 
focused on is the pollen.

692
00:37:28,079 --> 00:37:31,182
For folks that are 
interested in protecting

693
00:37:31,282 --> 00:37:34,418
pollinators, 
they need to think about

694
00:37:34,518 --> 00:37:37,688
vertical planting. And 
what I mean by that is

695
00:37:37,788 --> 00:37:40,224
most of us don't have 
huge yards we don't have

696
00:37:40,324 --> 00:37:43,561
a thousand acre forest to 
manage or a hundred acre

697
00:37:43,661 --> 00:37:47,031
farm field. We've got a 
tenth or a half an acre

698
00:37:47,131 --> 00:37:49,433
in our backyard. And we're 
looking for things that

699
00:37:49,533 --> 00:37:52,036
help pollinators and 
insects, but we don't have

700
00:37:52,136 --> 00:37:54,639
a lot of room. 
Things like an American

701
00:37:54,739 --> 00:37:58,476
holly give you vertical 
growth with lots of blossoms,

702
00:37:58,576 --> 00:38:01,545
so you don't take up a lot 
of space like you would

703
00:38:01,646 --> 00:38:03,581
with like a wildflower 
meadow.

704
00:38:03,681 --> 00:38:06,183
because honey bees they

705
00:38:06,283 --> 00:38:09,587
have to visit two million 
blossoms to produce one

706
00:38:09,687 --> 00:38:13,090
pound of honey. So, 
that's a lot of flowers.

707
00:38:13,190 --> 00:38:17,261
It is. And the 
Holly has very

708
00:38:17,361 --> 00:38:20,931
nectar rich flowers. 
Yeah and if you can grow

709
00:38:21,032 --> 00:38:23,634
a tall plant that has lots 
of flowers on it,

710
00:38:23,734 --> 00:38:26,203
you don't take up so much 
space then you've done a

711
00:38:26,303 --> 00:38:28,572
really good thing for 
honey bees and pollinators.

712
00:38:28,673 --> 00:38:30,608
Well now, we 
have some deciduous

713
00:38:30,708 --> 00:38:34,178
hollies 
and they sometimes have a

714
00:38:34,278 --> 00:38:36,013
feature in that their 
berries are more

715
00:38:36,113 --> 00:38:38,916
prominently displayed in 
the Winter. I guess they

716
00:38:39,016 --> 00:38:41,519
would be just as good for 
the pollinators,

717
00:38:41,619 --> 00:38:43,988
wouldn't they? They sure are. 
They bloom just as

718
00:38:44,088 --> 00:38:46,023
prolifically, one that 
comes to mind is the

719
00:38:46,123 --> 00:38:48,959
winter berry. It's a to 
beautiful kind of mid

720
00:38:49,060 --> 00:38:51,929
story shrub. It likes field 
edge habitats with a

721
00:38:52,029 --> 00:38:54,365
little bit of sun, a 
little bit of shade.

722
00:38:54,465 --> 00:38:57,201
But when it gets the 
right habitat, it can be

723
00:38:57,301 --> 00:39:00,705
just loaded with large 
bright red berries, right

724
00:39:00,805 --> 00:39:02,373
in the middle 
of the winter

725
00:39:02,473 --> 00:39:04,875
time when everything else is 
just dull and drab.

726
00:39:04,975 --> 00:39:07,745
I got to go on a nature 
weekend once and down

727
00:39:07,845 --> 00:39:10,981
towards the coast. and 
there were

728
00:39:11,082 --> 00:39:14,785
these inconsequential 
looking Hollies. Ilex glabra

729
00:39:14,885 --> 00:39:17,221
or inkberry holly or apparently

730
00:39:17,321 --> 00:39:21,025
sometimes even 
gallberry holly.

731
00:39:21,125 --> 00:39:24,428
The flowers I can barely 
see him but I got one up and

732
00:39:24,528 --> 00:39:26,097
watched them him 
for a while.

733
00:39:26,197 --> 00:39:29,900
And they were super, super 
busy with pollinators.

734
00:39:30,000 --> 00:39:32,937
And I understand 
that the gallberry

735
00:39:33,037 --> 00:39:36,073
honey is even considered 
kind of a

736
00:39:36,173 --> 00:39:40,644
real special kind. So, but 
the inkberry

737
00:39:40,745 --> 00:39:42,513
was so loose. 
I've heard that they've

738
00:39:42,613 --> 00:39:45,349
been doing some work to 
try to get it more

739
00:39:45,449 --> 00:39:47,685
compact so that we could 
maybe use it

740
00:39:47,785 --> 00:39:50,521
as a foundation plants instead 
of box woods. So, for

741
00:39:50,621 --> 00:39:53,157
the folks that live in 
the Low country you can

742
00:39:53,257 --> 00:39:55,426
go into some of the old 
forest or habitats

743
00:39:55,526 --> 00:39:58,095
especially where they do 
control burning. And the

744
00:39:58,195 --> 00:40:01,599
under storey can be a 
large blanket of these

745
00:40:01,699 --> 00:40:04,168
little low growing 
hollies.

746
00:40:04,268 --> 00:40:06,036
It's a very unique 
holly because it

747
00:40:06,137 --> 00:40:08,639
actually has a blackberry. 
This is the gall

748
00:40:08,739 --> 00:40:12,076
berry or inkberry holly 
referred and it largely

749
00:40:12,176 --> 00:40:14,211
is overlooked because 
it's not really a very

750
00:40:14,311 --> 00:40:17,982
showy, flashy plant. But 
for a pollinator having a

751
00:40:18,082 --> 00:40:21,252
huge field of flowers 
that are intense nectar

752
00:40:21,352 --> 00:40:24,855
producers, for a very short 
period of time, is just

753
00:40:24,955 --> 00:40:27,691
it's heaven. Also, you can 
go into some of these

754
00:40:27,792 --> 00:40:29,927
managed forests in the 
low coastline and

755
00:40:30,027 --> 00:40:33,030
find these plants and 
just find every pollinator

756
00:40:33,130 --> 00:40:36,767
you can imagine working them. 
The problem is, it's not

757
00:40:36,867 --> 00:40:40,604
really one we think of 
using in a landscape scenario.

758
00:40:40,704 --> 00:40:42,573
Because like you said, 
it's loose it doesn't

759
00:40:42,673 --> 00:40:44,642
have a whole lot of 
foliage compared to

760
00:40:44,742 --> 00:40:48,112
the amount of stem. It's 
got blackberries instead

761
00:40:48,212 --> 00:40:51,415
of the red berries. 
But there's been some work.

762
00:40:51,515 --> 00:40:55,119
You've tuned me into 
this a little bit.

763
00:40:55,219 --> 00:40:57,621
I think you can find some 
that are much

764
00:40:57,721 --> 00:41:00,591
more attractive for foundation 
plantings and might even

765
00:41:00,691 --> 00:41:03,360
be able to replace things 
like boxwoods. Wow! That'll

766
00:41:03,461 --> 00:41:05,963
be good, because boxwoods 
not much use to our

767
00:41:06,063 --> 00:41:08,466
pollinators and this 
would be. And with the

768
00:41:08,566 --> 00:41:11,635
boxwood blight we would 
we would be removing

769
00:41:11,735 --> 00:41:14,505
that work from my yard. 
Sure and at least you get

770
00:41:14,605 --> 00:41:18,242
a berry out of this one 
too, a little more interest.

771
00:41:18,342 --> 00:41:21,212
Yeah and I bet by the end 
I think Holly berries

772
00:41:21,312 --> 00:41:24,215
aren't super attractive to birds 
but at the end of the

773
00:41:24,315 --> 00:41:27,151
season, don't you 
think at the end of the

774
00:41:27,251 --> 00:41:29,386
season when they're 
really hungry they say, 'Oh,'

775
00:41:29,486 --> 00:41:31,288
'heck, I'm just going to go 
ahead'

776
00:41:31,388 --> 00:41:34,558
'and eat my spinach like I'm 
supposed to.' Right! I think

777
00:41:34,658 --> 00:41:37,428
there are few birds that do 
specialize

778
00:41:37,528 --> 00:41:39,196
on them, like cedar 
waxwings

779
00:41:39,296 --> 00:41:42,266
I believe they're attracted to 
holly berries.

780
00:41:42,366 --> 00:41:44,969
And so I think you know 
having that extra food

781
00:41:45,069 --> 00:41:47,705
source is definitely gonna 
attract some desirable

782
00:41:47,805 --> 00:41:49,974
wildlife. 
Well, I think that's fun

783
00:41:50,074 --> 00:41:52,743
and I'll tell you I'll end 
by telling you a story

784
00:41:52,843 --> 00:41:54,545
that perhaps you'll find 
interesting. My mother

785
00:41:54,645 --> 00:41:57,748
grew up in Old Ellington, 
where the bomb plant is

786
00:41:57,848 --> 00:42:02,052
now at a site. And 
back then, they didn't

787
00:42:02,152 --> 00:42:04,488
get cedar trees for 
Christmas. They would go

788
00:42:04,588 --> 00:42:10,427
out and get a female 
native American Holly.

789
00:42:10,528 --> 00:42:11,795
Because they wanted to 
bring

790
00:42:11,896 --> 00:42:13,631
those beautiful berries and 
have that as

791
00:42:13,731 --> 00:42:17,067
part of the decorations. Well, 
and the great news is with

792
00:42:17,167 --> 00:42:19,603
hollies, there's been so 
much interest over such a

793
00:42:19,703 --> 00:42:23,874
long time. We have so many 
cultivars that we can use.

794
00:42:23,974 --> 00:42:26,510
Burford Hollies and 
Foster Hollies and

795
00:42:26,610 --> 00:42:28,879
hybrids and crosses. They 
give us all these

796
00:42:28,979 --> 00:42:32,016
different shapes and 
sizes and features.

797
00:42:32,116 --> 00:42:33,684
There's pretty much a 
Holly for

798
00:42:33,784 --> 00:42:36,086
just about every purpose. 
Well, it sounds like there

799
00:42:36,186 --> 00:42:37,955
certainly is from 
the insect world.

800
00:42:38,055 --> 00:42:40,357
And I want to thank you for 
sharing this

801
00:42:40,457 --> 00:42:42,126
information with us 
today. You're welcome.

802
00:42:44,295 --> 00:42:45,529
One of the nice things

803
00:42:45,629 --> 00:42:47,665
about hollies is if you 
got some with

804
00:42:47,765 --> 00:42:49,199
the female Hollies 
with berries,

805
00:42:49,300 --> 00:42:51,535
they're mighty pretty to bring 
in the house during

806
00:42:51,635 --> 00:42:54,171
the holidays and use them to 
decorate. Thank you, Ben

807
00:42:54,271 --> 00:42:55,973
and we look 
forward to learning

808
00:42:56,073 --> 00:42:58,876
a lot more from Ben with 
his new position as our

809
00:42:58,976 --> 00:43:01,578
State Pollinator and Bee 
Specialist. I think

810
00:43:01,679 --> 00:43:04,248
there's a more fancier 
word for it than that.

811
00:43:04,348 --> 00:43:06,884
But that gets it 
done. Tony Melton,

812
00:43:06,984 --> 00:43:09,586
sometimes we just need to 
get things done.

813
00:43:09,687 --> 00:43:14,258
Don't we? And you know, 
people who moved to South

814
00:43:14,358 --> 00:43:16,393
Carolina think about peas and 
they think about

815
00:43:16,493 --> 00:43:18,796
those little green bullets. 
But, that's not what we

816
00:43:18,896 --> 00:43:21,665
think about sometimes when we 
talk about peas. Is it?

817
00:43:21,765 --> 00:43:27,538
That's right. We call those 
peas, China berries, here.

818
00:43:27,638 --> 00:43:31,308
But, I like our Southern peas, 
cow peas. A lot of

819
00:43:31,408 --> 00:43:33,777
different brand names, 
everybody calls them

820
00:43:33,877 --> 00:43:37,314
Dixie Lee peas. That's 
probably the number one

821
00:43:37,414 --> 00:43:41,518
variety of peas that is, 
everybody asked for Dixie Lee

822
00:43:41,618 --> 00:43:44,722
Peas. They love their Dixie 
Lee peas, because it's

823
00:43:44,822 --> 00:43:49,593
a small green colored pea 
that has that

824
00:43:49,693 --> 00:43:52,429
brown potlikker. 
Amanda, you know when you

825
00:43:52,529 --> 00:43:54,965
cook them, you get that 
brown potlikker, which is

826
00:43:55,065 --> 00:43:59,003
good to take your corn 
bread and dip that into and

827
00:43:59,103 --> 00:44:03,807
biscuits. Awwe, that's good 
eating. It sure is good eating.

828
00:44:03,907 --> 00:44:06,877
So we love our peas in 
South Carolina. And they love

829
00:44:06,977 --> 00:44:09,880
South Carolina in fact. They 
like the heat. They can take

830
00:44:09,980 --> 00:44:12,750
the heat. They've been 
doing well this year.

831
00:44:12,850 --> 00:44:16,320
The only thing is we got 
problems moving in big

832
00:44:16,420 --> 00:44:20,157
time and one of them is 
the Cowpea curculio.

833
00:44:20,257 --> 00:44:22,459
And I've got some 
pictures of it there

834
00:44:22,559 --> 00:44:27,097
It is a tough, little 
rascal. It is a weevil,

835
00:44:27,197 --> 00:44:31,602
just similar to a boll weevil. 
And I've watched and walked

836
00:44:31,702 --> 00:44:34,571
up to them in the field and 
touched them round in the

837
00:44:34,671 --> 00:44:38,108
leaves. They'll ball up in a big 
ball and fall down on the

838
00:44:38,208 --> 00:44:42,479
ground. And then you couldn't 
kill them with two bricks.

839
00:44:42,579 --> 00:44:45,949
The only way that we 
can really get them out

840
00:44:46,050 --> 00:44:48,619
of the field is keep them 
out of the field.

841
00:44:48,719 --> 00:44:51,689
And how farmers and 
homeowners should do it

842
00:44:51,789 --> 00:44:54,992
is take a pyrethroid or 
permethrin.

843
00:44:55,092 --> 00:44:57,394
You can 
get a organic one or you

844
00:44:57,494 --> 00:45:01,298
can get a synthetic and 
spray the plant before

845
00:45:01,398 --> 00:45:04,968
the flower. And the way 
I figured it,

846
00:45:05,069 --> 00:45:07,638
it burns their feet and they 
don't like it.

847
00:45:07,738 --> 00:45:11,341
They walk into the field. They 
never fly. They hardly ever

848
00:45:11,442 --> 00:45:14,344
fly. And they walk into the 
field and it'll burn

849
00:45:14,445 --> 00:45:19,783
their toes I reckon. 
Good heavens. But it bursts your

850
00:45:19,883 --> 00:45:23,253
feet. And they don't enter 
into the field. And then you

851
00:45:23,353 --> 00:45:26,123
got to spray them like 
three times

852
00:45:26,223 --> 00:45:28,892
to keep them out of the fields. 
And then they

853
00:45:28,992 --> 00:45:31,328
don't want to go 
into that field.

854
00:45:31,428 --> 00:45:35,265
And what they, do they 
take their

855
00:45:35,365 --> 00:45:40,671
ovipositor and lay eggs 
inside the peas.

856
00:45:40,771 --> 00:45:45,509
Comes a little maggot again 
and when I was

857
00:45:45,609 --> 00:45:48,579
growing up, my job was 
when we picked peas and

858
00:45:48,679 --> 00:45:50,614
shelled them I had to 
pick out the

859
00:45:50,714 --> 00:45:54,184
ones with the stings on them. 
That was my job, you know,

860
00:45:54,284 --> 00:45:57,321
I just sat around 
and picked them out.

861
00:45:57,421 --> 00:46:01,258
And today people don't want to 
do that. They want to have nice

862
00:46:01,358 --> 00:46:04,962
peas without stings and 
maggots in em. And so we have to

863
00:46:05,062 --> 00:46:07,664
control them. 
Tony let me ask you

864
00:46:07,765 --> 00:46:10,834
though, if a homeowner 
grows these and a few of

865
00:46:10,934 --> 00:46:13,737
the peas in the pod have 
that little dent in it.

866
00:46:13,837 --> 00:46:16,106
That little indentation, it's 
not gonna hurt anything

867
00:46:16,206 --> 00:46:20,210
is it? No, it's just got 
bad thing on the

868
00:46:20,310 --> 00:46:23,647
inside of it. 
Y'all have to have fat back,

869
00:46:23,747 --> 00:46:28,585
Amanda.

870
00:46:28,685 --> 00:46:32,055
It's very small. They are 
very small. They're very

871
00:46:32,156 --> 00:46:34,658
small. 
Tony people used to

872
00:46:34,758 --> 00:46:36,960
enjoy sitting around on 
the porch and they have

873
00:46:37,060 --> 00:46:40,998
those white enamel pans 
and they talk,

874
00:46:41,098 --> 00:46:43,333
but it took a long 
time, those Dixie Lee

875
00:46:43,433 --> 00:46:47,571
peas to get them shelled. 
And I think you have done

876
00:46:47,671 --> 00:46:50,607
some work in the past to 
make it a lot easier to

877
00:46:50,707 --> 00:46:54,178
have a bowl full and have 
supper pretty quick. Yeah

878
00:46:54,278 --> 00:46:58,816
I developed some peas. 
Colossus is getting a

879
00:46:58,916 --> 00:47:01,818
little bit harder to find 
now. I had a fellow call me

880
00:47:01,919 --> 00:47:04,655
the other day wanting to get 
some Colossus and

881
00:47:04,755 --> 00:47:07,057
Colossus 80. That's another 
variety. And then we had

882
00:47:07,157 --> 00:47:09,293
Hercules. You can still get 
Hercules pretty good.

883
00:47:09,393 --> 00:47:12,262
Clemson purple is 
really one of my babies.

884
00:47:12,362 --> 00:47:14,865
I babied that thing 
all the way through and

885
00:47:14,965 --> 00:47:18,168
worked to 
develop it. And it is a

886
00:47:18,268 --> 00:47:20,771
pretty purple pea but 
is a bigger pea.

887
00:47:20,871 --> 00:47:24,441
And it will fill that pot a lot 
faster, Amanda So you don't

888
00:47:24,541 --> 00:47:27,277
have to spend quite so 
much time on it? Yes

889
00:47:27,377 --> 00:47:30,280
that's right. It's a lot 
of work shelling peas.

890
00:47:30,380 --> 00:47:34,318
I had a many of a sore thumb, 
Amanda.

891
00:47:34,418 --> 00:47:37,588
Tony although, really I 
think August first is

892
00:47:37,688 --> 00:47:40,657
about when they might 
recommend that you get

893
00:47:40,757 --> 00:47:42,926
your southern peas 
planted, you think maybe

894
00:47:43,026 --> 00:47:46,096
you could get a get some 
in planting them

895
00:47:46,196 --> 00:47:49,566
a little bit later? 
Pushing. I like

896
00:47:49,666 --> 00:47:53,036
people who I like to push 
things. I like to push the

897
00:47:53,136 --> 00:47:56,773
envelope a little bit. 
I have had people after

898
00:47:56,874 --> 00:47:59,509
August 15th do pretty 
good on them and plus you

899
00:47:59,610 --> 00:48:03,413
can pick them as snaps, 
Amanda.

900
00:48:03,513 --> 00:48:08,051
And actually does 
work well as snaps.

901
00:48:08,151 --> 00:48:11,421
And I love snap peas. 
Snap peas is my favorite. If you

902
00:48:11,521 --> 00:48:14,124
get a lot of snaps in there 
and just be

903
00:48:14,224 --> 00:48:18,895
happy that's really, really 
good. Now, Tony since beans are

904
00:48:18,996 --> 00:48:21,865
a legume, you need to remind 
people they don't need to

905
00:48:21,965 --> 00:48:25,469
put fertilizer out for them 
is that correct? Well,

906
00:48:25,569 --> 00:48:28,905
yeah I've changed that a 
lot. We did put some fertilizer

907
00:48:29,006 --> 00:48:31,975
out to get him quicker. 
Okay.

908
00:48:32,075 --> 00:48:35,545
In their early growth 
stages, you want to

909
00:48:35,646 --> 00:48:39,416
get a plant big enough so 
it has a root system, big

910
00:48:39,516 --> 00:48:42,519
enough to put on his own 
oxygen since it is a legume.

911
00:48:42,619 --> 00:48:46,556
So, I put some on early. 
Okay and then when the

912
00:48:46,657 --> 00:48:49,593
plant gets big, it takes 
care of itself, Amanda.

913
00:48:49,693 --> 00:48:52,296
All right. Thank you so much 
for that information, Tony.

914
00:48:52,396 --> 00:48:55,866
I really appreciate it. 
Vicky,

915
00:48:55,966 --> 00:48:58,001
Fall is 
coming in and we all

916
00:48:58,101 --> 00:49:00,304
expect that we should 
have pears on our trees

917
00:49:00,404 --> 00:49:02,506
and all that kind of 
stuff.

918
00:49:02,606 --> 00:49:05,142
You know or 
some, that our

919
00:49:05,242 --> 00:49:08,078
plants that flower all 
summer would still be

920
00:49:08,178 --> 00:49:10,547
flowering. But sometimes, we 
don't get flowers or

921
00:49:10,647 --> 00:49:13,050
fruits. What are some 
of the reasons that

922
00:49:13,150 --> 00:49:15,452
happens because it sure 
disappoints people. I'm gonna

923
00:49:15,552 --> 00:49:19,022
interrupt for a 
minute Amanda. I got something

924
00:49:19,122 --> 00:49:22,092
here that is a wonderful

925
00:49:22,192 --> 00:49:26,463
indication of that. 
This in this hand is

926
00:49:26,563 --> 00:49:30,100
as you see 
doesn't have any flowers.

927
00:49:30,200 --> 00:49:34,538
They look kinda wibbled up. 
And they're not

928
00:49:34,638 --> 00:49:36,940
pretty at all and the 
leaves are all speckled

929
00:49:37,040 --> 00:49:40,911
up. But in this hand, there's 
beautiful flowers.

930
00:49:41,011 --> 00:49:44,614
I'll let Vicky 
tell us all about it.

931
00:49:44,715 --> 00:49:46,983
All right. Vicky well 
let's start with that

932
00:49:47,084 --> 00:49:50,053
plant that Tony just 
showed us please. So you

933
00:49:50,153 --> 00:49:54,591
can have flowers that are 
plants that don't flower and

934
00:49:54,691 --> 00:49:57,661
they don't fruit and it could 
be for a variety of reasons.

935
00:49:57,761 --> 00:49:59,896
Could be chemical 
plant damage, could be

936
00:49:59,997 --> 00:50:03,400
mechanical damage. And 
in what Tony has that's

937
00:50:03,500 --> 00:50:07,604
mechanical damage, caused 
by an insect infestation.

938
00:50:07,704 --> 00:50:12,109
So his lantana has an 
infestation of

939
00:50:12,209 --> 00:50:16,813
lantana lace bug. And 
I have an issue at my

940
00:50:16,913 --> 00:50:20,550
house with the lantana 
being infested with plant

941
00:50:20,650 --> 00:50:25,155
hoppers and insects can 
keep those plants from

942
00:50:25,255 --> 00:50:28,058
flowering 
or they could cause them

943
00:50:28,158 --> 00:50:31,094
to abort the flowers. 
There's a whole host of

944
00:50:31,194 --> 00:50:35,932
reasons why a plant won't 
flower a fruit.

945
00:50:36,032 --> 00:50:39,669
So, in addition to 
mechanical damage by

946
00:50:39,770 --> 00:50:42,939
insects, it could be one 
of those things where the

947
00:50:43,039 --> 00:50:46,276
plant is not in the right 
place. Maybe there's too

948
00:50:46,376 --> 00:50:50,347
much shade or there's too 
much sun, which could

949
00:50:50,447 --> 00:50:54,017
produce if it's in too much

950
00:50:54,117 --> 00:50:57,654
sun, it could be drought 
conditions. It could be

951
00:50:57,754 --> 00:51:00,991
sun scorch. And so it's 
damaging the leaves,

952
00:51:01,091 --> 00:51:05,061
damaging the flowers, so 
that you don't get any

953
00:51:05,162 --> 00:51:08,398
fruit later. 
There could be cold

954
00:51:08,498 --> 00:51:13,437
damage, frost damage. We 
see this a whole lot.

955
00:51:13,537 --> 00:51:17,073
It could be improper pruning. 
You pruned the flowers off

956
00:51:17,174 --> 00:51:19,643
by accident because 
you waited a little bit too

957
00:51:19,743 --> 00:51:22,245
late and you thought 
maybe the plant was messy.

958
00:51:22,345 --> 00:51:25,182
You want to go in 
there and clean it up in

959
00:51:25,282 --> 00:51:27,484
the winter time. Maybe 
that wasn't the right

960
00:51:27,584 --> 00:51:30,153
time to prune it and ended up 
pruning off all

961
00:51:30,253 --> 00:51:34,124
your flowers. 
There can be issues with

962
00:51:34,224 --> 00:51:36,893
a nutrient imbalance. And 
one of those that is

963
00:51:36,993 --> 00:51:41,264
extremely common is that 
when folks see their

964
00:51:41,364 --> 00:51:44,367
plants not flowering, they 
think they I should

965
00:51:44,468 --> 00:51:48,638
fertilize it. 
And so they add a whole

966
00:51:48,738 --> 00:51:51,308
bunch of nitrogen. And 
what happens is you get a

967
00:51:51,408 --> 00:51:54,277
big flush of growth, so 
there's lots of pretty

968
00:51:54,377 --> 00:51:58,315
green foliage, but it's at 
the expense of producing

969
00:51:58,415 --> 00:52:01,251
flowers. 
And that's one of

970
00:52:01,351 --> 00:52:05,255
the most common issues 
that I see as a home

971
00:52:05,355 --> 00:52:09,092
horticulture agent of why 
homeowners plants don't

972
00:52:09,192 --> 00:52:12,295
flower. 
People get excited.

973
00:52:12,395 --> 00:52:15,732
They like to fertilize. Don't 
they? It's one of

974
00:52:15,832 --> 00:52:19,002
those things where in 
your head

975
00:52:19,102 --> 00:52:21,905
if it doesn't seem like 
the plant is happy you

976
00:52:22,005 --> 00:52:25,175
either water or you 
fertilize it. And you need

977
00:52:25,275 --> 00:52:28,144
to have a purpose for 
fertilizing. It needs to

978
00:52:28,245 --> 00:52:31,114
be because your soil test 
told you that there is a

979
00:52:31,214 --> 00:52:33,583
nutrient deficiency that 
you need to correct or

980
00:52:33,683 --> 00:52:36,253
you want that plant to 
get bigger. But you have

981
00:52:36,353 --> 00:52:39,523
to keep in your head that 
if you add too much nitrogen,

982
00:52:39,623 --> 00:52:42,259
you may not get 
flowers or fruit.

983
00:52:42,359 --> 00:52:44,427
We see it a lot with 
tomatoes.

984
00:52:44,528 --> 00:52:47,464
Vicky, I love the spireas 
and forsythias.

985
00:52:47,564 --> 00:52:51,201
But if you go out and cut 
them in the winter time,

986
00:52:51,301 --> 00:52:53,637
those flower buds were 
already there and the new

987
00:52:53,737 --> 00:52:56,673
growth won't have time to 
put it on. So, you kind of

988
00:52:56,773 --> 00:52:59,576
need to know if your 
plant flowers on new or

989
00:52:59,676 --> 00:53:04,014
old wood. Don't you? 
It's handy to know that.

990
00:53:04,114 --> 00:53:06,950
Clemson has the Home and 
Garden Information Center

991
00:53:07,050 --> 00:53:10,921
has some fact sheets that 
tell you when these

992
00:53:11,021 --> 00:53:15,191
plants are going to bloom. 
And therefore can help

993
00:53:15,292 --> 00:53:19,162
you guide you on when to 
prune so that you're not

994
00:53:19,262 --> 00:53:22,999
pruning off the flower 
buds by accident.

995
00:53:23,099 --> 00:53:26,436
I've always heard that 
you can put in your azaleas

996
00:53:26,536 --> 00:53:31,041
until the fourth of July,

997
00:53:31,141 --> 00:53:34,411
and they'll have time to 
set new buds. So, that's I'm

998
00:53:34,511 --> 00:53:36,613
always thinking that's 
kind of a hot time

999
00:53:36,713 --> 00:53:39,849
to be up working but 
at any right that's

1000
00:53:39,950 --> 00:53:42,619
interesting. And we 
do have good fact sheets

1001
00:53:42,719 --> 00:53:44,554
at HGIC

1002
00:53:44,654 --> 00:53:46,790
that give a lot of 
information on that.

1003
00:53:46,890 --> 00:53:50,193
Bruce McLean who's our new 
blueberry specialist told

1004
00:53:50,293 --> 00:53:52,862
me that he talked with 
a gentleman and he had

1005
00:53:52,963 --> 00:53:56,900
too much rain when his 
muscadines were

1006
00:53:57,000 --> 00:53:59,336
developing and that 
prevented them from but

1007
00:53:59,436 --> 00:54:01,104
setting fruit, which 
I thought was pretty

1008
00:54:01,204 --> 00:54:03,206
interesting too. Tony is 
that something that

1009
00:54:03,306 --> 00:54:06,743
you've heard of? 
Yes, there's a something

1010
00:54:06,843 --> 00:54:09,679
a lot of people have 
trouble with that.

1011
00:54:09,779 --> 00:54:12,983
Pollination of all 
different types, a lot of

1012
00:54:13,083 --> 00:54:16,586
different plants 
whether it's interrupting

1013
00:54:16,686 --> 00:54:20,023
that pollination, that 
pollen moving from one

1014
00:54:20,123 --> 00:54:22,692
part of the flower to 
another or from one plant

1015
00:54:22,792 --> 00:54:25,695
to another, it really can 
cut your yield

1016
00:54:25,795 --> 00:54:30,634
tremendously. 
Well, Clemson is in

1017
00:54:30,734 --> 00:54:33,737
business. 
You can call Tony you

1018
00:54:33,837 --> 00:54:36,239
could call Vicky. You can 
call your local extension

1019
00:54:36,339 --> 00:54:39,309
agent. We will get you in 
touch with someone who

1020
00:54:39,409 --> 00:54:41,745
can help you. The people 
of the HGIC

1021
00:54:41,845 --> 00:54:44,247
are answering fifty calls

1022
00:54:44,347 --> 00:54:48,485
a day, our friends up 
there. And they are highly

1023
00:54:48,585 --> 00:54:50,553
skilled in figuring 
things out by the

1024
00:54:50,654 --> 00:54:54,224
telephone. They'll get you 
to send them emails and

1025
00:54:54,324 --> 00:54:57,260
pictures and all. We are 
here to help you.

1026
00:54:57,360 --> 00:55:00,030
Gardening could never 
be more rewarding than it

1027
00:55:00,130 --> 00:55:02,966
is now. It gives you 
something to do that

1028
00:55:03,066 --> 00:55:06,069
brings you joy. Takes your 
mind off the difficulties

1029
00:55:06,169 --> 00:55:09,139
that we're all facing and 
we want you to know

1030
00:55:09,239 --> 00:55:11,207
that we're here to help 
you through these

1031
00:55:11,307 --> 00:55:14,110
difficult times. We want 
you all to stay safe and

1032
00:55:14,210 --> 00:55:16,312
be right out there next 
Tuesday because we're

1033
00:55:16,413 --> 00:55:19,716
going to be keeping on 
bringing more Making It Grow.

1034
00:55:19,816 --> 00:55:21,017
Night. Night, everybody.

1035
00:55:29,726 --> 00:55:30,994
Making it Grow is brought

1036
00:55:31,094 --> 00:55:33,863
to you in part by the 
South Carolina Department

1037
00:55:33,963 --> 00:55:37,033
of Agriculture. Certified 
South Carolina grown

1038
00:55:37,133 --> 00:55:40,437
helps consumers identify 
find and buy South

1039
00:55:40,537 --> 00:55:43,873
Carolina products. McLeod 
Farms in McBee

1040
00:55:43,973 --> 00:55:46,843
South Carolina. This 
family farm offers

1041
00:55:46,943 --> 00:55:49,379
seasonal produce 
including over 22

1042
00:55:49,479 --> 00:55:52,649
varieties of peaches. 
Additional funding

1043
00:55:52,749 --> 00:55:55,919
provided by International 
Paper and the South

1044
00:55:56,019 --> 00:55:58,288
Carolina Farm Bureau 
Federation and

1045
00:55:58,388 --> 00:55:59,389
Farm Bureau Insurance.