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♪♪ ♪♪

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♪♪ ♪♪

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SUPPORT FOR THIS PROGRAM IS PROVIDED BY THE FOUNDATION FOR

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EXCELLENCE IN LOUISIANA PUBLIC BROADCASTING AND FROM VIEWERS

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LIKE YOU. ♪[ THEME SONG PLAYING ]♪

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♪♪ ♪♪

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HELLO AND WELCOME TO "LOUISIANA PUBLIC SQUARE."

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I'M BETH COURTNEY, PRESIDENT OF LPB AND JOINING US TO MODERATE

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TONIGHT'S DISCUSSION ON THE NEWS MEDIA IS A JOURNALIST AND

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PROFESSOR AT THE LSU MANCHIN SCHOOL OF MASS COMMUNICATION,

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BOB MANN. WELCOME BOB.

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THANK YOU BETH. AS SOMEONE WHO PREPARES STUDENTS

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FOR THIS FIELD I'M VERY INTERESTED IN THIS TOPIC AND

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IT'S AN INDUSTRY THAT HAS CHANGED -- HAS FACED MAJOR

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CHANGES OVER THE LAST SEVERAL YEARS.

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SINCE 2003, NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING REVENUE HAS DECLINED

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BY 52%. IN CABLE NEWS JUST FIVE

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COMPANIES CONTROL 84% OF THE MARKET SHARE AND TODAY, 43% OF

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THE PUBLIC GETS ITS NEWS FROM SOCIAL MEDIA.

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WELL, IN ADDITION TO INTERNAL CHALLENGES, THE NEWS MEDIA AS AN

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INSTITUTION HAS RECENTLY COME UNDER ATTACK FROM PUBLIC FIGURES

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AND COMMENTATORS, NOT SURPRISINGLY, MISTRUST OF THE

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NEWS MEDIA CONTINUES TO GROW. TONIGHT, WE EXPLORE HOW TO

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RESTORE THAT TRUST, WAYS TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN FAKE AND

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REAL NEWS, AND WHAT ROLE SOCIAL MEDIA PLAYS IN BLURRING THAT

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DISTINCTION, ALL THIS AND MORE ON NEWS ABOUT THE NEWS.

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WHEN IT COMES TO THE NEWS MEDIA, PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP

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HAS SEIZED ON A TRADEMARK CATCH PHRASE TO DESCRIBE OUTLETS HE

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DISAGREES WITH. YOU ARE FAKE NEWS.

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PRESIDENT TRUMP FIRST TWEETED THE WORDS FAKE NEWS IN DECEMBER

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OF 2016 AND SINCE THEN HAS USED THE TERM MORE THAN 66 TIMES ON

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HIS TWITTER ACCOUNT. DO YOU CRITICIZE JOURNALISTS

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FOR HAVING BIAS? FOR NOT COVERING CERTAIN STORIES

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ENOUGH? BUT THAT'S A DIFFERENT THING

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THAN SAYING THEY'RE FAKE. SO WHEN YOU GO BEYOND JUST

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SAYING THEY MIGHT HAVE A LIBERAL BIAS TO SAYING THAT WHAT THEY'RE

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DOING IS COMPLETELY MADE UP THAT'S CROSSING A LINE.

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THAT'S A DANGEROUS LINE FOR A DEMOCRACY TO CROSS.

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HE IS AN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR AT LSU'S SCHOOL OF

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COMMUNICATION. HE SAYS TRUE FAKE NEWS IS AN

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INTENTIONALLY FALSE STORY, OFTEN ONLINE.

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IT ACTS AS A BAIT TO GENERATE TRAFFIC AND AD REVENUE.

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THE SECOND TYPE OF FAKE NEWS IS BASED MORE ON PERCEPTION THAN

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ACCURACY. THERE'S ALSO CERTAIN

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PROMINENT POLITICIANS AND MEDIA COMMENTATORS WHO ARE ACCUSING

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TRADITIONAL JOURNALISM OF BEING FAKE NEWS AND THAT'S AN

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IMPORTANT OTHER MEANING OF FAKE NEWS THESE DAYS, ESPECIALLY

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BECAUSE IT DOES BLUR THIS LINE OF -- BRING OF THIS QUESTION OF

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WHAT IS REAL NEWS? PRESIDENT TRUMP'S DISPLEASURE

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WITH THE NATIONAL MEDIA MAY BE SOMEWHAT JUSTIFIED BASED ON HIS

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COVERAGE. ACCORDING TO A PEW STUDY, THE

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MAJORITY OF NEWS REPORTS ON HIS FIRST 60 DAYS FOCUSED ON HIS

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PERSONALITY RATHER THAN HIS POLICY.

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TWO THIRDS OF THEM WERE NEGATIVE.

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WHATEVER THE CASE HIS CONSTANT ATTACKS ON THE MEDIA HAVE

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AFFECTED PUBLIC TRUST, PARTICULARLY SINCE HIS ELECTION.

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THE DECLINE IN TRUST PARTICULARLY AMONG REPUBLICANS

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HAS BEEN GOING BACK SINCE THE '70s.

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AND, IN FACT, FOR DEMOCRATS YOU SEE A PRETTY STEEP JUMP RIGHT

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AFTER 2016 WHERE DEMOCRATS IN THE UNITED STATES ARE SUDDENLY,

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A LOT MORE SUPPORTIVE OF THE MEDIA THAN THEY HAD BEEN JUST

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SINCE 2015. MICHAEL HENDERSON IS THE

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DIRECTOR OF THE LSU PUBLIC POLICY RESEARCH LAB.

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THE LAB'S STATEWIDE 2018 LOUISIANA SURVEY REVEALED THAT

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RESIDENTS' TRUST IN LOCAL MEDIA IS HIGH, 78%, COMPARED TO ONLY

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57% OF RESPONDENTS WHO FIND NATIONAL NEWS TRUSTWORTHY.

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WHERE WE DID SEE SORT OF A CHINK IN THE ARMOR WHEN IT COMES

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TO LOCAL MEDIA HAD TO DO WITH WHETHER OR NOT PEOPLE THOUGHT

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LOCAL MEDIA -- WHEN COVERING POLITICAL ISSUES IN THE STATE

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TREATED ALL SIDES FAIRLY. OR TENDED TO FAVOR ONE SIDE.

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AND WE FIND THAT 60% OF PEOPLE IN LOUISIANA SAY THAT, YOU KNOW,

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THE MEDIA DOES TEND TO FAVOR A PARTICULAR SIDE.

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WE LET OUR READERS DOWN IF WE'RE NOT FAIR AND BALANCED AND,

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YOU KNOW, ALWAYS SAY YOU WANT HALF THE MARKET MAD AT YOU AT

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ANY GIVEN TIME BECAUSE THAT MEANS YOU'RE DOING YOUR JOB.

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[LAUGHS] JUDY IS PRESIDENT OF THE

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ADVOCATE, LOUISIANA'S LARGEST DAILY NEWSPAPER.

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SHE SAYS THEIR REPORTERS WORK DILIGENTLY TO INCLUDE DIVERSE

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SOURCES AND NOT HAVE PERSONAL BELIEFS BLEED INTO THEIR

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COVERAGE. THE PAPER HAS SEEN HISTORIC

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GROWTH IN A STRUGGLING INDUSTRY. WE ARE ACTUALLY GROWING

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CIRCULATION REVENUE WEEK OVER WEEK, YEAR-OVER-YEAR.

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I MEAN, IT'S REALLY AN ANOMALY IN OUR BUSINESS.

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ACCORDING TO THE PEW RESEARCH CENTER, TOTAL CIRCULATION FOR

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U.S. DAILY NEWSPAPERS FELL 8% IN 2016.

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THE 28th CONSECUTIVE YEAR OF DECLINES.

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JOHN IS SENIOR STAFF WRITER OF THE TIMES.

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HE SAYS DECLINING REVENUES CAN CONTRIBUTE TO MEDIA MISTRUST.

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SMALLER NEWSROOMS, FEWER PEOPLE MAKES FOR MORE MISTAKES,

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IT MAKES FOR MORE MISUNDERSTANDING.

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YOU'VE GOT ONE PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR SIX THINGS IN A

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DAY WHO MIGHT HAVE BEEN RESPONSIBLE FOR ONE OR TWO

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THINGS IN A DAY. DESPITE THEIR ABILITY TO

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OFFER IN-DEPTH COVERAGE, NEWSPAPERS RANK FOURTH AS

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AMERICANS' NEWS SOURCE BEHIND TELEVISION, SOCIAL MEDIA, AND

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RADIO. NO MATTER THE MEDIUM, GOOD

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INVESTIGATIVE REPORTING CAN BE EXPENSIVE.

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CREATING A STORY, GOING AND DOING ALL THE WORK TO FIND THE

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FACTS IS A MORE IMPORTANT PART OF THE OVERALL COSTS OF NEWS.

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AND THAT ALSO MEANS THAT SOURCES THAT SKIMP ON THAT HAVE A BIGGER

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ADVANTAGE THAN THEY USED TO. SO I THINK NEW MEDIA IS

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ACCELERATING THAT TREND. SOCIAL MEDIA IS MORE LIKELY

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TO INCLUDE INTENTIONAL FAKE NEWS.

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IN THE LAST THREE MONTHS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN, 20 FALSE

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ELECTION STORIES GENERATED OVER 8 MILLION SHARES, REACTIONS AND

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COMMENTS ON FACEBOOK. I THINK SOCIAL MEDIA MAY BLUR

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THE LINE BETWEEN FAKE AND REAL NEWS TO SOME EXTENT JUST BECAUSE

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REAL NEWS CAN BE PRESENTED ALONGSIDE FAKE NEWS IN THE SAME

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FEED, BUT I THINK THE JURY IS STILL OUT ON WHETHER THAT'S THE

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CASE IN TERMS OF THE EFFECT ON THE AUDIENCE.

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FACEBOOK WILL SOON BE CONDUCTING SURVEYS AMONG ITS

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USERS TO RANK NEWS ORGANIZATIONS AND ASSIGN THEM TRUST SCORES.

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THE ADVOCATE IS ALREADY USING REALTIME FEEDBACK FROM ITS

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ONLINE VIEWERS TO DRIVE COVERAGE.

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WE'RE WATCHING THE TRAFFIC ALL DAY LONG ON THOSE STORIES

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AND THEY'RE PRETTY MUCH -- READERS ARE VOTING FOR WHAT WE

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SHOULD COVER. YOU REALLY HAVE LIMITED

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RESOURCES SO YOU HAVE TO LISTEN TO YOUR AUDIENCE.

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YOU HAVE TO LISTEN TO WHAT THEY CARE ABOUT, AND THEN THAT WILL

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DICTATE OUR COVERAGE. FACED WITH A VAST NUMBER OF

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NEWS SOURCES, TODAY'S NEWS CONSUMER NEEDS TO BE MUCH MORE

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DISCERNING. THAT STARTS WITH NOT JUST

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IDENTIFYING WHAT IS FAKE NEWS, BUT WHAT NEWS MATTERS.

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NEWS HAS ALWAYS BEEN ABOUT WHAT'S NEW AND WHAT'S CHANGING

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AND, YOU KNOW, IT IS SOMETIMES THE CASE THAT THAT MEANS

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IMPORTANT ISSUES ARE NEGLECTED. IT'S NEVER BEEN CALLED

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IMPORTANTS. IT'S BEEN CALLED NEWS.

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FASTER NEWS CYCLES MAKE THAT DISTINCTION EVEN MORE IMPORTANT

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FOR AUDIENCES TO PAY ATTENTION TO.

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SO IT'S UP TO US TO -- AS NEWS CONSUMERS, TO CHOOSE THE OUTLETS

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THAT GIVE US OUR VEGETABLES, THAT GIVE US THE IMPORTANT STUFF

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WE NEED TO KNOW TO UNDERSTAND THE WORLD.

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WELL, JOINING US TO DISCUSS THE NEWS MEDIA ARE SOME OF THOSE

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NEWS CONSUMERS AS WELL AS PRODUCERS.

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WE HAVE REPRESENTATIVES FROM THE LOUISIANA PRESS ASSOCIATION AND

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RESIDENTS WITH A PARTICULAR INTEREST IN THIS TOPIC.

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WE ALSO HAVE THREE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS FROM THE LEGISLATIVE

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YOUTH ADVISORY COUNCIL. WELCOME EVERYONE.

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THE PEW RESEARCH CENTER FOR JOURNALISM AND MEDIA HAS BEEN

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CONDUCTING SURVEYS ON THE TRUST IN THE MEDIA FOR SEVERAL YEARS.

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ITS 2017 FINDINGS ARE THAT AMERICANS HAVE ONLY MODERATE

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TRUST IN MOST NEWS SOURCES. WHEN IT COMES TO NATIONAL NEWS

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ORGANIZATIONS, 52% OF RESPONDENTS HAVE SOME TRUST IN

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THE CONTENT, BUT JUST 20% GIVING A LOT OF TRUST TO WHAT THEY SEE

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AND HEAR FROM NATIONAL NEWS OUTLETS.

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LOCAL NEWS ORGANIZATIONS FARE SOMEWHAT BETTER.

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60% OF CONSUMERS OF LOCAL NEWS TRUST THE CONTENT THEY RECEIVE.

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25% TRUST IT A LOT. AND WHEN IT COMES TO THE

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PERCEIVED FAIRNESS OF THE NEWS MEDIA A STRONG MAJORITY OF

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AMERICANS, 72% CONTINUE TO SAY NEWS ORGANIZATIONS TEND TO FAVOR

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ONE SIDE IN PRESENTING NEWS ON POLITICS AND SOCIAL ISSUES.

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JUST 28% SAY THEY DEAL FAIRLY WITH ALL SIDES.

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SO LET'S START THERE. WHERE DO YOU GET THE MAJORITY OF

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YOUR NEWS AND DO YOU TRUST WHAT YOU'RE SEEING AND HEARING?

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MY NAME IS RALENA, I'M WITH LIAC.

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AND AS A FREQUENT SOCIAL MEDIA USER, I SEE ONLY SNIPPETS OF

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ARTICLES IN MY FEED AND IT'S NOT UNTIL I MAKE A POINT TO READ THE

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FULL NEWS ARTICLE I REALIZE I WAS LEFT WITH A FALSE

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IMPRESSION. SO YOU GET MOST OF YOUR NEWS

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FROM SOCIAL MEDIA? YES.

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ANYBODY ELSE GET MOST OF THEIR NEWS FROM SOCIAL MEDIA?

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OKAY. I THINK SO.

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I AM A SPRING 2018 GRADUATE FROM SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY.

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KIND OF EXPANDING ON WHAT SHE SHOULD, I THINK SOCIAL MEDIA IS

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MY MAIN SOURCE OF NEWS, BUT IT'S MORE SO OF THE INSTANT FACTOR.

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IF BREAKING NEWS OCCURS, YOU IMMEDIATELY GET THAT

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NOTIFICATION ON YOUR PHONE, INSTANTLY AND SO I THINK THAT IS

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AN ADVANTAGE AS OPPOSED TO WAITING UNTIL THE 5:00 NEWS OR

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WAITING UNTIL YOU HEAR IT ON THE RADIO OR ANY OTHER NEWS SOURCE.

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NOW, BOTH OF YOU SAY SOCIAL MEDIA YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT

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TWITTER, FACEBOOK, WHEN ARE YOU GETTING IT?

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INSTAGRAM AND TWITTER. I HAVE THE NEWS APP FOR MY

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PHONE. GETTING IT ONLINE, NOT

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NECESSARILY THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA.

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YES, SIR. ANYBODY GETTING IT THROUGH A

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TRADITIONAL SOURCE? I STILL READ THE SUNDAY

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PAPER, BUT ON A WORK DAY WHEN I'M SITTING IN MY OFFICE, I HAVE

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THREE MONITORS UP AND ONE OF MY MONITORS IS MY TWITTER FEED AT

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ALL TIMES BECAUSE WHEN YOU'RE PAYING ATTENTION TO LEGISLATION

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LIKE I HAVE TO, YOU DON'T HAVE TIME TO GO TO THE ACTUAL WEBSITE

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FOR THE ADVOCATE AND FIGURE OUT WHAT'S GOING ON.

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YOU NEED TO SEE ELIZABETH CHRIS'S TWEETS ABOUT WHAT'S

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GOING ON IN THE LEGISLATURE OR FROM THE STATE HOUSE.

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I NEED TO KNOW AND THE BEST WAY TO FIND THAT OUT IS GENERALLY

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THROUGH TWITTER. NOW, LEE, TELL US -- WHEN I

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CALLED YOU WHO YOU'RE WITH, AS WELL.

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I'M WITH GATEHOUSE MEDIA, PUBLISH SEVEN NEWSPAPERS AROUND

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THE STATE OF LOUISIANA AND AS A PUBLISHER OF SEVEN NEWSPAPERS

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YOU CAN GUESS I READ, LITERALLY, SEVEN NEWSPAPERS PLUS EVERY DAY.

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BUT MY CONCERN IS IT'S THE NOTIFICATIONS THAT THEY

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MENTIONED. I THINK THOSE NOTIFICATIONS KIND

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OF DISTORT WHAT'S REALLY HAPPENING IN THE NEWS.

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THEY CREATE FALSE URGENCY AND, YOU KNOW, MAKE STORIES BIGGER

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THAN THEY REALLY ARE. I HAVE ACTUALLY MADE AN EFFORT

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TO GO TURN ALL OF THE NOTIFICATIONS FOR ALL NEWS SITES

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OFF ON MY PHONE. I JUST THINK IT'S CREATING A

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DISTORTION OF FALSE REALITY THAT WE DON'T REALLY LIVE IN.

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DALE? I'M A VOLUNTEER FOR THE

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CONVENTION STAGE PROJECT. WE WERE LAUGHING HERE EARLIER,

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WE HAD TO TURN OFF OUR PHONES. WE DIDN'T KNOW -- I DIDN'T KNOW

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HOW TO DO THAT, TURN OFF MY PHONE.

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I GET A LOT OF NEWS IN THAT WAY. MAYBE THE CHANNEL 9 APP, MAYBE

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THE ADVOCATE'S APP. IT MAY BE ANY OF THOSE NEWS

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SOURCES, THEY HAVE SOME OF THOSE NEWS APPS ON THERE.

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IT COMES FROM EVERYWHERE. I READ -- I READ THE ADVOCATE

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AND I HAVE BEEN READING IT SINCE IT WAS THE MORNING ADVOCATE IN

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THE STATE TIMES. BUT I'M SORT OF -- I'M A

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CONSUMER, TOTALLY A CONSUMER. I JUST GET IT FROM ALL KINDS OF

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SOURCES INCLUDING THINGS LIKE DRUDGE REPORT ONLINE, FOX NEWS,

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CNN, ALL OF THAT. I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT --

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TELL US WHERE YOU'RE FROM. SORRY, EYE NAME IS ZOEY, I'M

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A STUDENT AT THE SCHOOL OF MASS COMMUNICATION.

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I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT THAT WE HAVE THE NOTIFICATIONS IN THE

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SOCIAL MEDIA NEWS BECAUSE NOT EVERYONE HAS THE TIME IN THEIR

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DAY TO SIT DOWN AND READ THE NEWSPAPER ALL DAY AND GET THE

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INFORMATION IN THAT BIG OF A BLOCK OF TIME.

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A LOT OF PEOPLE HAVE BUSY LIVES, BUT STILL WANT TO BE UP TO DATE,

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BUT I ALSO THINK IT'S IMPORTANT THAT PEOPLE GET THE CONTEXT FOR

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THE INFORMATION THAT THEY'RE READING, WHETHER IT BE BY

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LISTENING TO PUBLIC RADIO OR READING NEWSLETTERS OR SNIPPETS

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OF NEWS THAT GIVE MORE CONTEXT TO JUST THE HEADLINES.

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SO EVERYBODY'S SAID SOMETHING ABOUT WHERE THEY GET THE NEWS

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FROM, BUT I WOULD ALSO LIKE TO REMIND YOU OF THE SECOND PART OF

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THE QUESTION WHICH WAS DO YOU FIND IT BELIEVABLE, DO YOU FIND

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IT CREDIBLE? DOES SOMEBODY WANT TO TALK ABOUT

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THAT AS WELL? MARSHALL OR MADDIE?

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I'M WITH LIAC. I GET MY NEWS FROM THE APPLE

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NEWS APP THAT'S ON MY PHONE AND IT WILL FEATURE SEVERAL

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DIFFERENT NATIONAL NEWS ORGANIZATIONS AND JUST FROM

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CLICKING ON MAYBE ONE ARTICLE THAT I FIND WITH AN INTERESTING

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TITLE, MY FIRST IMPRESSION ISN'T TO BELIEVE THE FIRST THING THAT

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I SEE OR THE FIRST ARTICLE. I LIKE TO FACT CHECK EVERYTHING

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THAT I READ WITH MAYBE THREE OR FOUR OTHER ARTICLES TO MAKE SURE

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THAT WHAT I'M READING FROM ONE NEWS ORGANIZATION ISN'T EITHER

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BIASED OR GIVING ME A FALSE INFORMATION.

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VERY GOOD, VERY GOOD. MARSHALL?

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I'M MARSHALL MILLS WITH THE LOUISIANA FAMILY FORUM.

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AND I WOULD SAY MOST OFTEN I WATCH NEWS IN THE MORNING WHEN I

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WAKE UP, OFF OF THE TELEVISION. OCCASIONALLY I LISTEN TO THE

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RADIO AND I SAY THAT'S WHAT I TRUST MOST.

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PERSONALLY, I BELIEVE TALK SHOW HOSTS, THEY HAVE A TENDENCY TO

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BRING UP FACTS AND STATISTICS, ACTUALLY BRING UP REAL NEWS AND

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REALLY IMPACT THAT, DISCUSS IT WITH VARIOUS PEOPLE AND MAKE

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SURE IT'S REALLY THE MOST TRUE INFORMATION THAT IS AVAILABLE.

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OKAY. ELIZABETH?

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I'M ELIZABETH WEST WITH THE GAZETTE AND I DEFINITELY GET MY

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NEWS FROM THE A LOT OF SOCIAL MEDIA OUTLETS AND IT'S IMPORTANT

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FOR US, WORKING FOR A SMALLTOWN NEWSPAPER BECAUSE WE DO HAVE

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SUCH A SMALL STAFF THAT SOMETIMES, WE JUST DON'T HEAR

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ABOUT EVERYTHING THAT'S GOING ON SO WHEN WE GET THOSE

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NOTIFICATIONS ON OUR PHONES, WE CAN, YOU KNOW, CHECK INTO IT AND

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IF IT'S SOMETHING THAT IS LOCAL, SOMETHING THAT OUR PEOPLE NEED

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TO READ ABOUT AND WE'VE NOTIFIED ABOUT IT AS WELL AND WE CAN PUT

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A STORY IN OUR NEWSPAPER FOR THEM.

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VERY GOOD. I'M LIKE ELIZABETH.

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YOU HAVE TO READ -- YOU HAVE TO WATCH TELEVISION, READ

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NEWSPAPERS, READ WHAT'S COMING OVER SOCIAL MEDIA, BECAUSE AS A

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LOCAL NEWSPAPER EDITOR, YOU HAVE TO FIND STUFF THAT IS LOCAL AND

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A LOT OF TIMES WHEN YOU GO ON THESE WEBSITES, NOT ALL OF THE

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NEWS IS REAL NEWS, AND THEN YOU HAVE TO START CHECKING ON IT AND

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MAKING SURE WHAT'S RIGHT AND WHAT'S NOT.

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TELL US WHO YOU ARE. I'M WITH LSU SCHOOL OF MASS

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COMMUNICATION AND I MOSTLY GET MY NEWS THROUGH APPLICATIONS IN

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MY PHONE OR I GO ONLINE. WHAT DO YOU READ ON YOUR

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PHONE? WHAT NEWS ORGANIZATION?

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ALL OF THE LOUISIANA NEWSPAPERS AND MOSTLY READ THE

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ADVOCATE AND THE NEW ORLEANS TIMES PICAYUNE AND I REALLY

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TRUST THESE MEDIAS BECAUSE I'VE BEEN PART OF THE NEWS BUREAU AND

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I'VE SEEN THE WORK OF THE JOURNALISTS, I SEE HOW THEY'RE

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COVERING THE COMMUNITIES AND I'VE SEEN THE PROCESS AND HOW

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THEY'RE ACTUALLY MAKING THE NEWS SO I DEVELOPED A TRUST IN

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JOURNALISM THIS WAY SO I CAN SAY THAT EVERYTHING THAT I READ FROM

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LOCAL NEWSPAPERS IS SOMETHING THAT I DO HAVE TO FACT CHECK, OF

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COURSE, WITH OTHER LOUISIANA PUBLICATIONS, BUT I CAN SAY THAT

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I HAVE A GOOD AMOUNT OF TRUST IN LOCAL JOURNALISM.

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GREAT. RICHARD?

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RICHARD FLICKER, I'M A PSYCHOLOGIST AND I'M A FACULTY

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AT SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY. I GET MY SOURCES FROM

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EVERYWHERE, NEWSPAPERS, TELEVISION, LOCAL AND NATIONAL

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NEWS AND SOCIAL MEDIA. I TRUST THE NATIONAL AND LOCAL

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NEWS AND THE NEWSPAPERS FAR MORE THAN I TRUST SOCIAL MEDIA.

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DO THEY MAKE MISTAKES? ARE THERE INACCURACIES IN THE

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LEGITIMATE NEWS SOURCES? ABSOLUTELY, HAVING RUN FOR

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POLITICAL OFFICE AND BEEN MISQUOTED DRASTICALLY, I KNOW

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THERE ARE ERRORS. BUT I TRUST THE NEWS, THE

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LEGITIMATE NEWS SOURCES. I KNOW HOW TO DISTINGUISH

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BETWEEN A JOURNALIST AND A COMMENTATOR WHERE MOST OF THE

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COMMENTATORS ARE THERE TO AGITATE AND STIR UP THE AUDIENCE

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AND JOURNALISTS HOPEFULLY ARE TRYING TO REPORT ACCURATE NEWS

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SO I THINK WE NEED TO LOOK AT ALL SOURCES.

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IF YOU'RE ONLY GETTING IT FROM SOCIAL MEDIA, TALK RADIO OR ANY

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ONE SOURCE I THINK YOU'RE MAKING A HUGE MISTAKE.

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A BALANCED DIET, RIGHT? EXACTLY.

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HAS ANYONE ENCOUNTERED WHAT THEY WOULD CONSIDER FAKE NEWS OR

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BEEN TAKEN IN BY FAKE NEWS IN SOME WAY?

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IS THAT SOMETHING -- YOU'RE SHAKING YOUR HEAD DALE?

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ESPECIALLY ON FACEBOOK. YOU HAVE TO BE CAREFUL WITH WHAT

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YOU SEE. I'VE CLICKED ON A FEW THINGS AND

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A FRIEND WILL CLICK BACK AND SAY CHECK THIS OUT, THIS IS NOT

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RIGHT AND I'VE DONE THE SAME THING WITH SOME OF MY FRIENDS.

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IT DOES HAPPEN. I GET MORE CONCERNED ABOUT THE

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BIASED NEWS THAN THE FAKE NEWS. IT'S NOT USUALLY THE FACTS IT'S

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HOW YOU PACKAGE IT AND WHAT AGENDA ARE YOU TRYING TO PORTRAY

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WHEN YOU WRITE THE NEWS? THAT'S WHAT I'M MORE CONCERNED

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ABOUT SOMEONE SOMETHING THAT'S FLAT WRONG.

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YOU CAN CHECK THAT STUFF. I'M MORE CONCERNED ABOUT THE

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ECHO CHAMBER THAT THESE NEWS AGGREGATORS AND FACEBOOK CREATE

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BECAUSE THEY UNDERSTAND WHAT YOU'RE READING AND THEY FEED YOU

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MORE OF THAT AND YOU END UP READING ONE SIDE, ONE DIRECTION

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AND THE REST OF IT OUTSIDE, IT GETS -- IT GETS PUSHED OUT.

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A GREAT EXAMPLE IS MYSELF. I READ A COUPLE OF ARTICLES ON A

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NEWS AGGREGATION APP THAT I USE ABOUT THE ROYAL WEDDING AND

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SUDDENLY, I'M GETTING BOMBARDED ABOUT STORIES ABOUT THE ROYAL

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WEDDING. I REALLY WASN'T THAT INTERESTED,

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BUT THE LOGARITHM DECIDED I WAS AND IT FED ME ALL DAY.

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YOUR ADVICE WOULD BE GET OFF THOSE AGGREGATORS, GET OFF

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SOCIAL MEDIA. GO TO THE PICAYUNE APP.

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ABSOLUTELY. ANYBODY ELSE ENCOUNTER FAKE

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NEWS? MATT?

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MATT BAILEY, I LIVE IN NEW ORLEANS, I'M A NATIVE OF GINA,

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LOUISIANA. JUST FOLLOWING UP, YOU KNOW,

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WITH THE APPS THAT GIVE YOU MORE OF WHAT YOU'VE ALREADY SHOWN AN

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INTEREST IN, AND THINKING ABOUT LOCAL NEWS AND LOOKING AT THOSE

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STATS THAT HALF OF PEOPLE GET THEIR NEWS FROM TELEVISION AND

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WE WATCH TELEVISION ORIGINS AND IT SEEMS THAT IN TERMS OF

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KEEPING PEOPLE'S ATTENTION, THE TELEVISION NEWS NEEDS TO KEEP

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YOUR ATTENTION AND IT SEEMS LIKE HOW THEY'VE LEARNED TO DO THAT

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IS MY SHOWING ALL THE SHOOTINGS THAT HAPPENED, ALL THE MAJOR CAR

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WRECKS, ANYTHING THAT HAS A NICE VISUAL IS WHAT YOU SEE, AND THEN

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THEY MAY GIVE ONLY A FEW MINUTES TO IMPORTANT BUSINESS HAPPENING

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AT THE CAPITOL. YEAH, YEAH.

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THANK YOU. THAT'S ALL THE TIME WE HAVE FOR

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THIS PORTION OF OUR SHOW. WHEN WE RETURN WE'LL BE JOINED

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BY A PANEL OF EXPERTS TO FURTHER DISCUSS NEWS ABOUT THE NEWS.

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♪♪ ♪♪

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WELCOME BACK TO "LOUISIANA PUBLIC SQUARE."

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TONIGHT, WE'RE DISCUSSING THE NEWS MEDIA AND JOINING US NOW IS

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OUR PANEL OF EXPERTS. SHE CAME TO THE SCHOOL OF MASS

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COMMUNICATION IN 2015 AFTER NEARLY 40 YEARS AS A REPORTER

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AND EDITOR FIRST FOR THE WALL STREET JOURNAL AND LATER FOR THE

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NEW YORK TIMES. HE TEACHES A SPECIAL CLASS ON

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MEDIA MANIPULATION AND FAKE NEWS.

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HE HAS WORKED WITH THE TIMES PICAYUNE NEWSPAPER IN NEW

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ORLEANS SINCE 1987, FIRST AS A REPORTER, AND NOW AS AN

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EDITORIAL WRITER AND COLUMNIST FOR NOLA.COM.

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HE WAS AWARDED A PULITZER PRIZE FOR COVERAGE OF HURRICANE

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KATRINA. PETER HAS BEEN A NEWSPAPER

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EDITOR IN LOUISIANA FOR MORE THAN THREE DECADES.

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HE JOINED THE ADVOCATE IN 2013 AND HELPED EXPAND ITS REACH IN

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LOUISIANA BY LAUNCHING SEPARATE NEWSPAPERS, SERVING NEW ORLEANS

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AND ACADIANA AS WELL AS MORE THAN A DOZEN WEEKLY TITLES AND

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AN LSU PROFESSOR AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE SOCIAL MEDIA

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ANALYSIS AND CREATION LAB. PORTER HAS FOCUSED ON DIGITAL

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MEDIA SINCE 1995 WHEN HE BUILT HIS FIRST COMMERCIAL WEBSITE.

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HIS RESEARCH FOCUSESSEN EMERGING MEDIA AND POWER.

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SO BEFORE WE GO TO OUR AUDIENCE QUESTIONS, IF EACH OF OUR

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PANELISTS WOULD TELL US FROM YOUR PERSPECTIVE SHOULD THE

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PUBLIC TRUST THE NEWS MEDIA? I WOULD SAY GENERALLY, YES.

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THEY SHOULD TRUST THE NEWS MEDIA, BUT IT REALLY DEPENDS ON

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THE DETAILS. WHAT NEWS MEDIA?

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I'M NOT A BIG FAN OF CABLE TV. I'M AFRAID THAT CABLE TV IS THE

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ROOT OF A LOT OF OUR PROBLEMS TODAY.

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I'M NOT A FAN OF SOCIAL MEDIA, WHICH I THINK IS AS A NEWS MEDIA

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00:21:30,267 --> 00:21:35,067
SOURCE IS ALSO A DEFICIENT SOURCE OF INFORMATION.

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I THINK BOTH CAN DO GOOD WORK AND CAN DO -- AND PROVIDE GOOD

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SERVICES, BUT IN TERMS OF TRUSTWORTHY FACTUAL NEWS

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INFORMATION AND CONTEXT, THEY COME UP SHORT.

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I THINK GENERALLY YOU SHOULD TRUST THE PROCESS.

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YOU SHOULD TRUST THOSE REPORTERS WHO HAVE EDITORS TO REPORT TO.

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YOU SHOULD TRUST THOSE PUBLICATIONS THAT ARE HONEST

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ABOUT THE ERRORS THEY'VE MADE. YOU SHOULD TRUST THOSE SOURCES

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THAT ACTUALLY ARE OPEN ABOUT WHO THEIR SOURCES ARE AND I THINK

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WHEN YOU PUT ALL OF THOSE THINGS TOGETHER THEN YOU TEND TO HAVE A

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MORE TRUSTWORTHY PRODUCT THAN SOURCES THAT ARE MYSTERIOUS,

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THAT YOU DON'T KNOW WHERE THEY'RE GETTING THE INFORMATION

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FROM. YOU CAN'T EVER EXPECT THEM TO

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ACKNOWLEDGE ANYTHING THEY'VE DONE WRONG.

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SO I THINK WHAT YOU OUGHT TO BE ABLE TO TRUST IS THE PROCESS.

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OKAY, I AM QUOTING THIS PERSON ACCURATELY.

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IF I MISREPRESENT THEM, I CORRECT IT.

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I AM TELLING YOU WHO MY SOURCES WERE.

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I HAVE EDITORS WHO ARE GOING TO CHECK ME.

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I HAVE COPY EDITORS WHO ARE GOING TO MAKE SURE MY THINGS ARE

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CORRECT. I THINK THAT'S WHAT YOU OUGHT TO

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00:22:44,300 --> 00:22:46,200
TRUST. I THINK THE PUBLIC HAS A

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00:22:46,333 --> 00:22:51,733
BETTER APPRECIATION THAN PEOPLE REALIZE THAT THE ACCURACY OF

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MEDIA IS TIERED AND THAT THERE ARE SOME THINGS THAT OUGHT TO BE

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MORE TRUSTWORTHY THAN OTHERS. AND OUR AIM AT THE ADVOCATE IS

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TO BE AT THE TOP OF THAT PYRAMID AND WE HAVE EXPERIENCES THAT

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00:23:02,267 --> 00:23:04,533
TELL US THAT PEOPLE SEE US THAT WAY.

391
00:23:04,667 --> 00:23:08,633
YOU KNOW, PEOPLE CALL UP, THEY SEND US A NOTE OR MY COUSIN SAW

392
00:23:08,767 --> 00:23:14,033
ON THE INTERNET THAT MARTIANS LANDED ON THE HEWIE LONG BRIDGE

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AND I WANT TO KNOW IF THAT'S TRUE AND IT'S ANNOYING TO TAKE

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00:23:16,833 --> 00:23:20,300
THOSE INQUIRIES, BUT AT THE SAME TIME, IT'S REASSURING BECAUSE IT

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TELLS ME THAT PEOPLE HAVE TRUST IN THE ADVOCATE AND THAT THEY

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00:23:26,133 --> 00:23:28,267
RECOGNIZE THAT THERE ARE OTHER FORMS OF MEDIA THAT MIGHT OR

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MIGHT NOT BE RELIABLE AND THEY WANT A HIGHER LEVEL MEDIA, A

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00:23:34,067 --> 00:23:37,900
MORE ACCURATE, RESPONSIBLE, ESTABLISHED MEDIA TO TELL THEM

399
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WHETHER SOMETHING IS OR ISN'T TRUE AT CRITICAL MOMENTS AND

400
00:23:40,533 --> 00:23:43,733
WHAT COULD BE MORE CRITICAL THAN HAVING MARTIANS ON THE HEWIE

401
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LONG BRIDGE? DR. PORTER.

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SO CERTAINLY YOU SHOULD TRUST CERTAIN TYPES OF MEDIA, BUT I

403
00:23:51,100 --> 00:23:54,400
THINK WE HAVE TO REALIZE THAT IN TODAY'S NEWS MEDIA ENVIRONMENT,

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MOST OF OUR NEWS IS BEING ACCESSED THROUGH NEWSFEEDS AND

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MOST OF THOSE NEWSFEEDS ARE CURATED BY ALGORITHMS AND WHAT

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00:24:06,700 --> 00:24:10,100
WE KNOW FROM PAST RESEARCH IS THAT PEOPLE TEND TO CLICK ON

407
00:24:10,233 --> 00:24:13,800
NEGATIVE STUFF. AND THROUGH A NEWS FEED ON A

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00:24:13,933 --> 00:24:17,667
SOCIAL MEDIA, YOU ARE GETTING SORT OF A BIASED VIEW OF THE

409
00:24:17,800 --> 00:24:21,667
NEWS AND MORE OF A NEGATIVE VIEW THAN HOW THINGS REALLY ARE.

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00:24:21,867 --> 00:24:25,367
OKAY THANK YOU FOR THAT. WE'RE GOING TO GO TO OUR STUDIO

411
00:24:25,500 --> 00:24:28,067
AUDIENCE NOW FOR QUESTIONS TO THE PANELISTS AND WE'RE GOING TO

412
00:24:28,200 --> 00:24:30,633
START FIRST WITH MADELEINE WHO DID NOT GET A QUESTION IN THE

413
00:24:30,767 --> 00:24:34,333
FIRST PART OF OUR SHOW, BUT IF YOU'LL TELL US YOUR FULL NAME

414
00:24:34,467 --> 00:24:38,300
AND YOUR AFFILIATION, PLEASE. I'M MADELEINE WITH LIAC.

415
00:24:38,433 --> 00:24:41,700
SO I THINK BEFORE WE CAN REALLY FIND A SOLUTION TO A PROBLEM WE

416
00:24:41,833 --> 00:24:43,933
SHOULD UNDERSTAND WHERE IT'S STEMMING FROM AND THE ROOT CAUSE

417
00:24:44,067 --> 00:24:47,067
OF IT. SO DO YOU BELIEVE THAT IT'S

418
00:24:47,200 --> 00:24:51,500
CORPORATIONS WHO ARE PERPETUATING A SYSTEM IN WHICH

419
00:24:51,633 --> 00:24:55,633
JUSTINS -- JOURNALISTS ARE EXPECTED TO LIE TO FIT A

420
00:24:55,767 --> 00:24:58,800
NARRATIVE OR IS IT THOSE JOURNALISTS THAT ARE CAUSING IT

421
00:24:58,933 --> 00:25:02,000
THEMSELVES AND HOW DO WE HOLD THEM ACCOUNTABLE?

422
00:25:02,200 --> 00:25:10,100
WHAT'S DANGEROUS IS SYSTEMS IN WHICH PEOPLE ARE REWARDED

423
00:25:10,233 --> 00:25:13,667
FINANCIALLY FOR THE AMOUNT OF MEDIA, THE AMOUNT OF DIGITAL

424
00:25:13,833 --> 00:25:17,700
TRAFFIC THEY GET. I MEAN, TO ME THAT'S A SYSTEM

425
00:25:17,833 --> 00:25:20,600
FOR COMPROMISING WHAT JOURNALISTS ARE SUPPOSED TO DO

426
00:25:20,733 --> 00:25:25,267
AND, YOU KNOW, THE TRUTH IS IF YOU -- IF YOU OPERATED A NEWS

427
00:25:25,400 --> 00:25:27,600
SITE AND YOU WANTED TO GET MORE TRAFFIC, YOU WOULD GET MORE

428
00:25:27,733 --> 00:25:32,167
TRAFFIC BY OPERATING A PORN SITE SO IF PEOPLE WERE INCENTIVIZED

429
00:25:32,300 --> 00:25:37,400
TO BEHAVE THAT WAY, EVENTUALLY EVERYTHING WOULD BECOME A PORN

430
00:25:37,533 --> 00:25:40,067
SITE. SO I THINK IT'S A DANGEROUS -- I

431
00:25:40,200 --> 00:25:43,200
THINK IT'S A DANGEROUS THING TO REWARD PEOPLE THAT WAY.

432
00:25:43,333 --> 00:25:49,000
AND ALSO AS A BUSINESS MODEL, IT HASN'T HISTORICALLY WORKED

433
00:25:49,133 --> 00:25:54,133
BECAUSE THE AMOUNT OF AD REVENUE THAT YOU GET FOR THOSE CLICKS --

434
00:25:54,267 --> 00:25:57,567
DIGITAL AD RATES ARE VERY LOW SO YOU MAY GET A LOT OF TRAFFIC,

435
00:25:57,700 --> 00:25:59,933
BUT YOU DON'T REALLY MAKE A LOT OF MONEY.

436
00:26:00,133 --> 00:26:02,900
ANYBODY ELSE? I THINK I HEAR YOU ASKING ARE

437
00:26:03,033 --> 00:26:06,700
PEOPLE BEING ENCOURAGED TO BE FALSE AND I DON'T THINK THAT'S

438
00:26:06,833 --> 00:26:08,967
THE CASE. I THINK AS PETER SAID THAT THERE

439
00:26:09,100 --> 00:26:14,533
IS A PERVERSE MOTIVATION THAT CAN BE BUILT INTO A SYSTEM WHERE

440
00:26:14,667 --> 00:26:20,567
YOU WANT THE MOST ATTENTION AND IT'S NOT -- IT'S NOT EXCLUSIVE

441
00:26:20,733 --> 00:26:21,867
TO THE NUMBER OF CLICKS YOU COULD GET.

442
00:26:22,000 --> 00:26:23,800
IT COULD COME FROM THE DESIRE TO BE FIRST.

443
00:26:23,933 --> 00:26:28,733
IT COULD COME FROM A DESIRE -- I HAVE TO MAKE SURE THAT MY STORY

444
00:26:28,867 --> 00:26:32,433
IS OUT THERE BEFORE MY COMPETITOR'S STORY.

445
00:26:32,567 --> 00:26:37,467
THAT COULD PRODUCE SLOPPINESS. THAT COULD PRODUCE CARELESSNESS.

446
00:26:37,600 --> 00:26:41,767
I DO THINK THERE ARE THINGS IN THE BUSINESS MODEL WHETHER IT'S

447
00:26:41,900 --> 00:26:47,333
INTERNET OR MORE TRADITIONAL MEDIA THAT RESPONSIBLE

448
00:26:47,467 --> 00:26:50,433
JOURNALISTS HAVE TO UNDERSTAND AND RECOGNIZE OKAY THIS IS A

449
00:26:50,567 --> 00:26:54,300
WEAK SPOT. THIS IS A VULNERABILITY AND I

450
00:26:54,467 --> 00:26:57,767
HAVE TO BE CAREFUL NOT TO SUCCUMB TO IT, BUT WITH THE

451
00:26:57,900 --> 00:27:02,467
EXCEPTION OF PEOPLE WHO ARE DELIBERATELY SETTING OUT TO BE

452
00:27:02,600 --> 00:27:05,867
FALSE AND TO BE FRAUDULENT, I DON'T THINK THAT ANYBODY IN ANY

453
00:27:06,000 --> 00:27:09,333
OF THESE ORGANIZATIONS THAT WE'VE WORKED WITH COULD REPORT

454
00:27:09,467 --> 00:27:12,600
OF ANYBODY WHO WAS DELIBERATELY TRYING TO PUT STUFF OUT TO THE

455
00:27:12,733 --> 00:27:14,967
PUBLIC THAT THEY KNEW TO BE FALSE.

456
00:27:15,167 --> 00:27:20,933
I WOULD SAY THAT I DON'T SEE THAT IN THE MAINSTREAM MEDIA

457
00:27:21,067 --> 00:27:22,733
PER SE, ALTHOUGH I DO SEE SOME OF IT IN CABLE.

458
00:27:22,867 --> 00:27:30,033
I THINK CABLE DOES ENCOURAGE A TILTING AGAINST A PARTICULAR

459
00:27:30,167 --> 00:27:33,500
POINT OF VIEW OR ADVOCATING A PARTICULAR POINT OF VIEW.

460
00:27:33,633 --> 00:27:36,833
AND I THINK IT PLAYS OUT ON THEIR WEBSITES, AS WELL.

461
00:27:36,967 --> 00:27:42,100
I DO THINK WE SHOULD ACKNOWLEDGE AS JARVIS ALLUDED TO, THERE ARE

462
00:27:42,233 --> 00:27:45,600
PEOPLE WHO PUBLISH FAKE NEWS, GENERATE FAKE NEWS, WRITE FAKE

463
00:27:45,733 --> 00:27:48,767
NEWS, DREAM UP FAKE NEWS FOR PROFIT.

464
00:27:48,900 --> 00:27:53,500
AND THEY'RE ALL OVER THE WORLD. THERE IS FOR-PROFIT FAKERY OUT

465
00:27:53,633 --> 00:28:00,467
THERE AND THAT'S ONE OF THE REASONS WHY THE SOCIAL PLATFORMS

466
00:28:00,633 --> 00:28:06,133
AND SOMETIMES CABLE'S SPIN I THINK CONTRIBUTE TO THIS LACK OF

467
00:28:06,267 --> 00:28:11,000
TRUST IN THE MEDIA. I WOULD SAY FOR YEARS, SOCIAL

468
00:28:11,133 --> 00:28:14,600
MEDIA PLATFORMS WERE DESIGNED TO FEED YOU MORE OF WHAT YOU'RE

469
00:28:14,733 --> 00:28:18,633
INTERACTING WITH, WITH NO REGARD TO WHETHER IT'S TRUE OR NOT.

470
00:28:18,767 --> 00:28:22,800
SO THOSE CORPORATIONS CERTAINLY HAVE A FAULT IN THE SYSTEM THAT

471
00:28:22,933 --> 00:28:27,100
WE HAVE NOW AND THEY'RE TRYING TO FIX THAT AT THIS POINT.

472
00:28:27,300 --> 00:28:32,533
I WANT TO BRING YOU IN. YOU DID NOT ASK A QUESTION

473
00:28:32,667 --> 00:28:34,600
EARLIER, BUT IF YOU'LL TELL US YOUR NAME.

474
00:28:34,833 --> 00:28:38,767
I'M DREW WHITE. I'M WITH THE LSU STATE HOUSE

475
00:28:38,900 --> 00:28:41,367
BUREAU AT THE CAPITOL. WE WORK AS A WIRE SERVICE TO ALL

476
00:28:41,500 --> 00:28:44,833
THE LOCAL PAPERS IN LOUISIANA. THEY DON'T HAVE PEOPLE THAT CAN

477
00:28:44,967 --> 00:28:47,933
GO UP AND REPORT AT THE CAPITOL SO WHAT WE'LL DO IS WRITE

478
00:28:48,067 --> 00:28:50,667
STORIES AND SEND THEM OUT TO THE LOCAL PAPERS IN THE STATE.

479
00:28:50,867 --> 00:28:54,133
SO WHAT'S YOUR QUESTION FOR THE PANELISTS?

480
00:28:54,333 --> 00:28:58,567
MY QUESTION WAS JUST, YOU KNOW, IN THE AGE OF THE TRUMP

481
00:28:58,700 --> 00:29:04,333
PRESIDENCY, HOW HAS TRUMP DIFFERED FROM FORMER POLITICIANS

482
00:29:04,467 --> 00:29:08,567
LIKE, FOR INSTANCE, EARLY LONG WHEN IT COMES TO ATTACKING THE

483
00:29:08,700 --> 00:29:11,567
PRESS? LIKE I KNOW HEWIE AND EARL

484
00:29:11,700 --> 00:29:15,233
ATTACKED THE TIMES PICAYUNE WAY BACK IN THE DAY.

485
00:29:15,367 --> 00:29:19,800
I HE TEAMED TO BE A PRETTY VOCAL CRITIC OF THE TIMES PICAYUNE

486
00:29:19,933 --> 00:29:23,633
THEN, BUT JUST HOW HAVE THINGS CHANGED AND HOW IS TRUMP

487
00:29:23,767 --> 00:29:25,100
DIFFERENT? I'M GLAD YOU ASKED THAT

488
00:29:25,233 --> 00:29:27,133
QUESTION BECAUSE IT'S A GREAT QUESTION.

489
00:29:27,267 --> 00:29:32,833
I WOULD SAY THERE'S -- THERE'S A LOT OF ALARM ABOUT WHAT TRUMP IS

490
00:29:32,967 --> 00:29:35,833
DOING AND HE'S CERTAINLY EFFECTIVELY USING NEW TECHNIQUES

491
00:29:35,967 --> 00:29:39,467
TO DO IT, BUT I DON'T SEE IT AS FUNDAMENTALLY DIFFERENT FROM

492
00:29:39,600 --> 00:29:44,500
WHAT RICHARD NIXON DID WHEN I WAS YOUNG AND NOT FUNDAMENTALLY

493
00:29:44,633 --> 00:29:48,867
DIFFERENT FROM WHAT, YOU KNOW -- FROM WHAT THE LONGS DID AND, YOU

494
00:29:49,000 --> 00:29:56,233
KNOW -- AND THE TRUTH IS THAT EVENTUALLY, RICHARD NIXON -- IN

495
00:29:56,367 --> 00:30:01,933
A WAY THE MEDIA BEAT RICHARD NIXON AND IN A WAY RICHARD NIXON

496
00:30:02,067 --> 00:30:08,767
EXPLODED HIMSELF BY -- DINT OF HIS CONTEMPT FOR THAT.

497
00:30:08,900 --> 00:30:12,033
I'M LESS WORRIED THAN PEOPLE GENERALLY ARE IN THE MEDIA ABOUT

498
00:30:12,167 --> 00:30:16,333
WHAT DONALD TRUMP IS DOING. I WOULD TAKE A SLIGHTLY

499
00:30:16,467 --> 00:30:20,100
DIFFERENT TACK. I THINK ALL OF THIS THAT YOU'RE

500
00:30:20,233 --> 00:30:24,267
TALKING ABOUT, WHETHER IT'S THE LONGS, TRUMP OR NIXON TO A

501
00:30:24,400 --> 00:30:29,033
LESSER DEGREE, IT'S A -- IT'S A WAVE OF POPULISM AND WE'VE HAD

502
00:30:29,167 --> 00:30:34,233
THIS IN THE COUNTRY A LOT. THERE ARE -- YOU CAN ARGUE THAT

503
00:30:34,367 --> 00:30:39,300
BERNIE SANDERS HIMSELF WAS A DIFFERENT FORM OF POPULISM.

504
00:30:39,433 --> 00:30:43,333
AND IT HAS ALWAYS BEEN INTERESTING OR ADVANTAGEOUS TO

505
00:30:43,467 --> 00:30:46,700
TILT AGAINST ESTABLISHMENT FOLKS AND ESTABLISHMENT INSTITUTIONS

506
00:30:46,833 --> 00:30:50,667
LIKE THE MEDIA. I THINK WHAT IS DANGEROUS WITH

507
00:30:50,800 --> 00:30:56,367
TRUMP IS THAT HE HAS TAKEN ON A LEVEL OF CRITICISM ABOUT FIRST

508
00:30:56,500 --> 00:31:00,733
AMENDMENT FREEDOMS, ABOUT PRESS FREEDOMS, ABOUT THE RIGHT FOR

509
00:31:00,867 --> 00:31:07,833
REPORTERS TO ASK QUESTIONS, AND THAT -- AND THAT KIND OF

510
00:31:07,967 --> 00:31:13,600
ANTAGONISM OR OPPOSITION TO THE PRESS, THE AIDES REFER TO THE

511
00:31:13,733 --> 00:31:17,667
PRESS AS THE ENEMY OF THE PEOPLE, IS VERY DANGEROUS.

512
00:31:17,867 --> 00:31:21,467
AND JUST TODAY AT AN EPA EVENT WITH SCOTT PRUITT, THE

513
00:31:21,600 --> 00:31:27,100
A.P. AND CNN WERE BARRED ENTRY. THAT IS MORE PROBLEMATIC I THINK

514
00:31:27,233 --> 00:31:32,400
THAN ANY FAKE NEWS PROCLAMATION COMING FROM THE PRESIDENT, WHEN

515
00:31:32,533 --> 00:31:34,733
YOU HAVE REPORTERS TRYING TO DO THEIR JOB, TRYING TO GET

516
00:31:34,867 --> 00:31:38,267
INFORMATION TO THE PEOPLE, AND THERE ARE ARMED SECURITY SAYING

517
00:31:38,400 --> 00:31:41,633
THAT THEY CANNOT COME TO HEAR WHAT A CABINET OFFICIAL HAS TO

518
00:31:41,767 --> 00:31:46,000
SAY. SO I ALSO THINK TRUMP IS

519
00:31:46,133 --> 00:31:48,867
UNIQUE IN HOW HE HAS USED SOCIAL MEDIA.

520
00:31:49,000 --> 00:31:51,267
IT'S DIFFERENT THAN ANY PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE THAT

521
00:31:51,400 --> 00:31:54,700
WE'VE HAD IN THE PAST. HE'S THE FIRST CANDIDATE TO USE

522
00:31:54,867 --> 00:32:01,000
IT AS AN ATTACK MECHANISM AND SO THAT REALLY PLAYS INTO HOW

523
00:32:01,133 --> 00:32:05,933
SOCIAL MEDIA WORKS AND THE FACT THAT NEGATIVE INFORMATION IS

524
00:32:06,067 --> 00:32:08,400
PRIORITIZED. SO IT'S AN EFFECTIVE THING THAT

525
00:32:08,533 --> 00:32:13,567
HE'S BEEN DOING WITH IT. DALE, WOULD YOU LIKE TO ASK A

526
00:32:13,700 --> 00:32:15,867
QUESTION? YES, I CAN FOLLOW-UP ON WHAT

527
00:32:16,000 --> 00:32:19,100
Y'ALL ARE JUST TALKING ABOUT. DON'T YOU THINK THE FAKE NEWS

528
00:32:19,233 --> 00:32:23,367
MONIKER THAT TRUMP HAS PUT ON IT WOULDN'T HAVE ANY TRACTION

529
00:32:23,500 --> 00:32:26,833
UNLESS THERE'S A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF PEOPLE WHO BELIEVE

530
00:32:27,000 --> 00:32:29,400
HIM? THAT DO THINK THERE IS FAKE

531
00:32:29,533 --> 00:32:31,400
NEWS? FOR EXAMPLE, ONE OF THE

532
00:32:31,533 --> 00:32:32,967
THINGS -- ONE OF THE GUYS FROM LSU IN THE CLIP BEFORE THE SHOW

533
00:32:33,100 --> 00:32:39,167
HERE TODAY SAID THAT SINCE THE 1970s AND 1980s, REPUBLICANS

534
00:32:39,300 --> 00:32:42,300
ON THE CONSERVATIVE SIDE HAVE GROWN LESS AND LESS ENCOURAGED

535
00:32:42,433 --> 00:32:46,233
BY WHAT THEY SEE IN THE PRESS AND WE SEE THE RISE OF THINGS

536
00:32:46,367 --> 00:32:49,633
LIKE DRUDGE REPORT AND RUSH LIMBAUGH.

537
00:32:49,767 --> 00:32:51,800
DOESN'T THAT SUGGEST THAT THE ESTABLISHMENT, THE NORMAL MEDIA

538
00:32:51,933 --> 00:32:55,933
IS LOSING SOME CREDIBILITY WITH AMERICANS?

539
00:32:56,133 --> 00:32:59,600
I THINK THE BEST WAY TO ANSWER THAT WOULD BE TO

540
00:32:59,733 --> 00:33:03,867
REFERENCE A BOOK BY JOSHUA COOPER RAMO CALLED THE SEVENTH

541
00:33:04,000 --> 00:33:05,867
SENSE. AND HE MAKES AN ARGUMENT THAT

542
00:33:06,000 --> 00:33:10,000
ALL OF OUR INSTITUTIONS ARE LOSING CREDIBILITY, WHETHER IT'S

543
00:33:10,133 --> 00:33:15,100
CONGRESS, WHETHER IT'S THE MEDIA, YOU NAME AN INSTITUTION

544
00:33:15,233 --> 00:33:19,833
THAT HAS HAD A LONG REPUTATION OR HALLOWED REPUTATION IN THE

545
00:33:19,967 --> 00:33:24,733
UNITED STATES AND IT'S LOSING CREDIBILITY.

546
00:33:24,867 --> 00:33:27,533
PART OF THAT IS OUR CONNECTEDNESS, WHERE EVERYBODY

547
00:33:27,667 --> 00:33:32,333
IS AN EXPERT IN SOMETHING AND YOU CAN PRESENT YOURSELF AS AN

548
00:33:32,467 --> 00:33:36,667
EXPERT ON SOCIAL MEDIA. I MEAN, I THINK TRUMP IS

549
00:33:36,800 --> 00:33:41,967
EXPLOITING PEOPLE'S GULLIBILITY, AND I THINK HE'S EXPLOITING

550
00:33:42,100 --> 00:33:46,800
PEOPLE'S WILLINGNESS TO BELIEVE ANYTHING COMING FROM THEIR SIDE.

551
00:33:46,933 --> 00:33:48,667
YOU KNOW, IT DOESN'T MATTER IF IT MAKES SENSE OR NOT.

552
00:33:48,800 --> 00:33:51,500
IT DOESN'T MATTER IF IT STANDS UP TO REASON OR NOT.

553
00:33:51,633 --> 00:33:54,867
MY GUY IS SAYING IT OR MY PERSON IS SAYING IT, THEREFORE I'M

554
00:33:55,000 --> 00:33:58,600
GOING TO MAKE IT MAKE SENSE AND I'M GOING TO MAKE IT BE TRUE.

555
00:33:58,733 --> 00:34:03,600
I DON'T THINK THAT THAT IS A CONSEQUENCE OF ANY MEDIA

556
00:34:03,733 --> 00:34:08,000
FAILING. I THINK IT'S A CONSEQUENCE OF

557
00:34:08,133 --> 00:34:12,333
JUST AN INCREASED PARTISANSHIP THAT HE'S JUST TAKING ADVANTAGE

558
00:34:12,467 --> 00:34:15,267
OF. ONE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WHAT

559
00:34:15,400 --> 00:34:18,767
THE MEDIA WAS WHEN I WAS YOUNG AND WHAT THE MEDIA IS NOW IS

560
00:34:18,900 --> 00:34:22,100
ROOTED IN TECHNOLOGY AND WHEN I WAS YOUNG, THERE WERE A

561
00:34:22,233 --> 00:34:27,067
RELATIVELY SMALL NUMBER OF MEDIA COMPANIES.

562
00:34:27,200 --> 00:34:30,100
THEY TO SOME DEGREE OPERATED AS MONOPOLIES.

563
00:34:30,233 --> 00:34:36,300
THE WALTER CRONKITE WAS THE NEWSCASTER ON CBS WAS CALMED THE

564
00:34:36,433 --> 00:34:40,333
MOST TRUSTED MAN IN AMERICA. I DON'T THINK AMERICANS COULD

565
00:34:40,500 --> 00:34:44,867
EVEN AGREE ON WHO THE MOST TRUSTED MAN IN AMERICA WAS

566
00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:46,300
TODAY, BUT THESE WERE BIG COMPANIES.

567
00:34:46,433 --> 00:34:48,100
THEY HAD VERY LITTLE COMPETITION.

568
00:34:48,233 --> 00:34:51,400
THEY WERE VERY PROFITABLE. THEY WERE VERY RESPONSIBLE AND

569
00:34:51,533 --> 00:34:53,333
VERY PROFESSIONAL. THEY PAID WELL.

570
00:34:53,467 --> 00:34:56,000
THEY COULD AFFORD TO BE ALL THOSE THINGS.

571
00:34:56,133 --> 00:35:00,267
AND THAT WAS WHAT THE MEDIA WAS. NOW, THE MEDIA IS ANYBODY WHO

572
00:35:00,400 --> 00:35:03,600
KNOWS HOW TO MAKE A WEBSITE, YOU KNOW.

573
00:35:03,733 --> 00:35:05,600
ANYBODY WHO CALLS A TALK RADIO SHOW.

574
00:35:05,733 --> 00:35:08,200
IN A WAY THE PRESIDENT IS THE MEDIA.

575
00:35:08,333 --> 00:35:14,067
HE HAS A FOLLOWING ON A MEDIA OUTLET, TWITTER, AND HE'S LIKE A

576
00:35:14,200 --> 00:35:19,367
MOUNTAIN GENERATING ITS OWN WEATHER WITH THE WAY HE CREATES

577
00:35:19,500 --> 00:35:20,900
NEWS. AND SO YOU KNOW, FROM MY POINT

578
00:35:21,033 --> 00:35:24,433
OF VIEW AND I WAS LOOKING AT IT THROUGH THE LENS OF AN

579
00:35:24,567 --> 00:35:27,967
ESTABLISHED MEDIA COMPANY IN OUR STATE, THE BIGGEST NEWSPAPER IN

580
00:35:28,100 --> 00:35:32,167
OUR STATE, I THINK THAT A LOT OF THESE STATISTICS ABOUT LOSS OF

581
00:35:32,300 --> 00:35:37,400
PUBLIC CONFIDENCE IN THE MEDIA, YOU KNOW, ARE ABOUT NEW FORMS OF

582
00:35:37,533 --> 00:35:41,133
MEDIA THAT DIDN'T EXIST AND NOT SO MUCH ABOUT THE FORMS OF MEDIA

583
00:35:41,267 --> 00:35:44,700
THAT HAVE EXISTED IN THIS COUNTRY, YOU KNOW, FOR HALF A

584
00:35:44,833 --> 00:35:48,600
CENTURY OR A CENTURY. AND SO I THINK THE POLLING THAT

585
00:35:48,733 --> 00:35:51,400
YOU SEE, YOU KNOW, SORT OF REFLECTS THAT.

586
00:35:51,533 --> 00:35:55,367
YOU HAVE NEW OUTLETS THAT DIDN'T EXIST WHEN I WAS YOUNG AND WHOSE

587
00:35:55,500 --> 00:36:00,167
BUSINESS MODEL IS NOT ROOTED IN THE IDEA OF, YOU KNOW,

588
00:36:00,300 --> 00:36:05,867
RESPONSIBLE CONSENSUS NEWS. IT'S ROOTED IN THE IDEA OF

589
00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:07,300
SENSATIONALISM OR HATE MONGERING.

590
00:36:07,433 --> 00:36:09,667
IF YOU WATCH -- YOU WERE TALKING ABOUT CABLE NEWS.

591
00:36:09,800 --> 00:36:12,967
IF YOU WATCH CABLE NEWS AT NIGHT, WHICH I, BY THE WAY,

592
00:36:13,100 --> 00:36:17,300
DON'T DO, I WATCH BASEBALL, YOU WOULD THINK THAT THERE WAS A

593
00:36:17,433 --> 00:36:22,367
CRISIS IN AMERICA EVERY MINUTE AND THERE ISN'T A CRISIS IN

594
00:36:22,500 --> 00:36:24,567
AMERICA EVERY MINUTE. YOU KNOW, AMERICA HAS ITS

595
00:36:24,700 --> 00:36:27,467
PROBLEMS, BUT IT'S A STRONG, SECURE COUNTRY.

596
00:36:27,600 --> 00:36:29,900
IT'S A PLACE WHERE HALF THE PEOPLE IN THE WORLD WOULD MOVE

597
00:36:30,033 --> 00:36:34,900
TO IN A HEARTBEAT IF THEY COULD. BUT THAT DOESN'T SELL.

598
00:36:35,033 --> 00:36:38,867
WHAT SELLS IS MAKING EVERYTHING INTO A CRISIS.

599
00:36:39,067 --> 00:36:42,467
WHAT ADVICE WOULD YOU GIVE TO ASPIRING JOURNALISTS AND YOUNG

600
00:36:42,600 --> 00:36:46,067
PROFESSIONALS WHO ARE LOOKING TO ENTER THE MEDIA?

601
00:36:46,267 --> 00:36:48,633
MY ADVICE HASN'T MUCH CHANGED.

602
00:36:48,767 --> 00:36:50,867
EVEN THOUGH THE TECHNOLOGY HAS CHANGED, PETER'S RIGHT, EVEN

603
00:36:51,000 --> 00:36:53,433
THOUGH THE ENVIRONMENT HAS CHANGED, PETER'S RIGHT.

604
00:36:53,567 --> 00:36:55,833
EVEN THOUGH THE COMPETITION HAS CHANGED.

605
00:36:55,967 --> 00:36:58,733
MY ADVICE STILL TO PEOPLE WHO WANT TO BE JOURNALISTS IS TO

606
00:36:58,867 --> 00:37:00,800
WRITE. REPORT AND WRITE AND REPORT AND

607
00:37:00,933 --> 00:37:06,300
WRITE AND GO TO A PLACE WHERE YOU CAN REPORT AND WRITE AND GET

608
00:37:06,433 --> 00:37:10,933
GOOD SUPERVISION. THE BEST THINGS IN THE -- IN THE

609
00:37:11,067 --> 00:37:14,467
TRADITIONAL MODEL, EVEN THOUGH IT'S BEEN EXPLODED A BIT, IS YOU

610
00:37:14,600 --> 00:37:19,033
GO TO A PLACE -- I WOULD SAY JOURNALISM EDUCATION IS THE WAY

611
00:37:19,167 --> 00:37:22,633
WE TEACH IT, BUT IT'S ALSO AN APPRENTICE MODEL MEANING YOU GO

612
00:37:22,767 --> 00:37:25,800
TO A SMALL PAPER AND THERE'S PLENTY OF THEM IN THE STATE,

613
00:37:25,933 --> 00:37:28,467
SMALLER BY THE DAY, BUT YOU GO -- THERE'S PLENTY OF

614
00:37:28,600 --> 00:37:31,300
NEWSROOMS TO GO TO, TO COVER THE TOWN AND COVER A COMMUNITY

615
00:37:31,433 --> 00:37:34,733
MEETING AND COVER AN OFFICIAL MEETING AND THAT KIND OF THING

616
00:37:34,867 --> 00:37:39,267
AND LEARN HOW TO ASSEMBLE FACTS, HOW TO TELL A NARRATIVE, BUILD A

617
00:37:39,400 --> 00:37:42,867
NARRATIVE, HOW TO TELL A STORY AND LOOK AT ALL SIDES OF AN

618
00:37:43,000 --> 00:37:47,300
ISSUE, AND THEN FROM THERE, BUILD FORWARD WITH FEATURES AND

619
00:37:47,433 --> 00:37:50,900
ENTERPRISE. I STILL THINK THAT THAT'S --

620
00:37:51,033 --> 00:37:53,567
THAT'S THE WAY TO GO. IT'S REALLY HARD NOW BECAUSE

621
00:37:53,700 --> 00:37:57,300
THERE ARE FEWER AND FEWER JOBS AND MORE AND MORE OF THESE

622
00:37:57,433 --> 00:38:03,833
PLACES ARE NO LONGER TEACHING HOSPITALS THE WAY IT WAS WHEN I

623
00:38:03,967 --> 00:38:07,533
GOT OUT OF SCHOOL. WELL, PRACTICED JOURNALISM IS

624
00:38:07,667 --> 00:38:10,100
SELF-CORRECTING AND THERE'S NO EXPERIENCE MORE FRIGHTENING WHEN

625
00:38:10,233 --> 00:38:14,667
YOU'RE YOUNG THAN, YOU KNOW, WRITING A STORY ABOUT THE

626
00:38:14,800 --> 00:38:19,200
PRESIDENT OF THE POLICE JURY THAT'S NOT FLATTERING AND HAVING

627
00:38:19,333 --> 00:38:24,200
TO GO SEE THE GUY TOMORROW AND ASK QUESTIONS FOR ANOTHER STORY.

628
00:38:24,333 --> 00:38:30,033
AND THAT'S -- THAT'S A PROCESS THAT'S SELF-CORRECTING.

629
00:38:30,167 --> 00:38:35,200
AND IT FORCES YOU TO LEARN TO BE FAIR AND RESPONSIBLE AND IF

630
00:38:35,333 --> 00:38:38,667
YOU'RE IN A SMALL COMMUNITY, WHERE EVERYBODY KNOWS EVERYBODY,

631
00:38:38,800 --> 00:38:42,800
PEOPLE LOOK AT YOUR WORK AND THE PEOPLE WHO LIKE THE PRESIDENT OF

632
00:38:42,933 --> 00:38:46,067
THE POLICE JURY LOOK AT YOUR WORK AND THE PEOPLE WHO THINK

633
00:38:46,200 --> 00:38:50,133
HE'S A CROOK LOOK AT YOUR WORK AND THEY ALL OFFER YOU

634
00:38:50,267 --> 00:38:53,000
CRITICISMS ABOUT WHAT YOU SHOULD HAVE PUT IN THERE OR WHAT YOU

635
00:38:53,133 --> 00:38:56,767
SHOULD HAVE SAID OR WHAT YOU SHOULD HAVE ASKED, AND I THINK

636
00:38:56,900 --> 00:39:01,567
THE GREATEST LEARNING LABORATORY IS, YOU KNOW, LEARNING FROM, YOU

637
00:39:01,700 --> 00:39:04,467
KNOW, WHEN YOU WRITE SOMETHING OR WHEN YOU PUT SOMETHING ON

638
00:39:04,600 --> 00:39:08,300
TELEVISION, YOU'RE ESSENTIALLY TAKING A POSITION ON WHAT YOU'VE

639
00:39:08,433 --> 00:39:12,233
DECIDED IS THE TRUTH, AND, YOU KNOW, IT'S IN SOME WAYS LIKE

640
00:39:12,367 --> 00:39:14,700
WRITING A PAPER IN COLLEGE, AND THEN YOUR POSITION GETS ATTACKED

641
00:39:14,833 --> 00:39:18,000
FROM DIFFERENT PEOPLE WHO SAW IT DIFFERENTLY AND YOU LEARN FROM

642
00:39:18,133 --> 00:39:19,433
THAT. AND THAT'S STILL A GREAT

643
00:39:19,567 --> 00:39:22,200
EXPERIENCE. SO YOU KNOW, BELIEVE IN YOURSELF

644
00:39:22,333 --> 00:39:26,467
AND DO THAT. I'LL GO TO A MORE GRANULAR

645
00:39:26,600 --> 00:39:27,833
LEVEL. KNOW HOW TO SPELL.

646
00:39:27,967 --> 00:39:33,200
[LAUGHTER] KNOW HOW TO PUNCTUATE A

647
00:39:33,333 --> 00:39:36,133
SENTENCE. AND I'M BEING COMPLETELY SERIOUS

648
00:39:36,267 --> 00:39:38,967
HERE, EVEN THOUGH WE'RE LAUGHING.

649
00:39:39,100 --> 00:39:42,967
I THINK YOU WILL GO FAR JUST BY KNOWING THE BASIC MECHANICS OF

650
00:39:43,100 --> 00:39:50,633
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. AND I THINK THAT SOMETIMES GETS

651
00:39:50,767 --> 00:39:52,600
OVERLOOKED. ON A VERY, VERY BASIC LEVEL, I

652
00:39:52,733 --> 00:39:55,067
THINK IF YOU HAVE THE MECHANICS DOWN, THE SPELLING DOWN, THE

653
00:39:55,200 --> 00:39:58,100
GRAMMAR DOWN, KNOWING HOW TO WRITE A SENTENCE, KNOWING HOW TO

654
00:39:58,233 --> 00:40:01,233
TELL A SIMPLE STORY, THEN YOU WILL REALLY GO FAR.

655
00:40:01,433 --> 00:40:06,233
AS THE MANAGING EDITOR OF A SMALL LOCAL NEWSPAPER I FIND

656
00:40:06,367 --> 00:40:10,900
THAT IT'S HARD FOR US TO BE ABLE TO MAKE SURE OUR READERS GET

657
00:40:11,033 --> 00:40:13,567
NATIONAL NEWS OR HEAR ABOUT NATIONAL NEWS.

658
00:40:13,700 --> 00:40:17,733
SO WHAT IS ONE WAY THAT I COULD ENSURE THAT MY READERS ARE NOT

659
00:40:17,867 --> 00:40:21,033
ONLY GETTING LOCAL NEWS, BUT ALSO SOME NATIONAL NEWS AS WELL?

660
00:40:21,233 --> 00:40:23,600
ON THE WEBSITE OR IN THE PAPER OR BOTH?

661
00:40:23,800 --> 00:40:27,467
THE WEBSITE, THE PAPER IS MOSTLY THE LOCAL NEWS.

662
00:40:27,667 --> 00:40:31,767
WELL, THE FIRST THING YOU CAN DO IS DEPENDING ON WHAT PARTNERS

663
00:40:31,900 --> 00:40:36,000
YOU HAVE, WHETHER YOU HAVE ANY ACCESS TO WIRES, IS YOU CAN

664
00:40:36,133 --> 00:40:40,333
BUILD A DIGEST OR ROUNDUP OF NATIONAL NEWS THAT GIVES PEOPLE

665
00:40:40,467 --> 00:40:43,767
A FEW OF THE BASICS OF WHAT THEY NEED TO KNOW, RIGHT?

666
00:40:43,900 --> 00:40:46,933
AND IF YOU HAVE ACCESS TO ASSOCIATED PRESS, WHICH I KNOW

667
00:40:47,067 --> 00:40:50,633
IS NOT IN ALL CASES IN ALL SMALL PAPERS OR YOU MAY HAVE SOME

668
00:40:50,767 --> 00:40:55,833
OTHER PARTNERSHIPS THAT ALLOW YOU TO TAKE WIRE BRIEFS AND TURN

669
00:40:55,967 --> 00:41:00,933
THEM INTO STORIES THAT SHOW -- GIVE PEOPLE A SUMMARY OF THE

670
00:41:01,067 --> 00:41:04,800
MAIN STORIES OF THE DAY, EVEN JUST 10 STORIES.

671
00:41:05,000 --> 00:41:07,800
I THINK YOU SHOULD TRUST YOUR READERS TO KNOW THAT IF THEY

672
00:41:07,933 --> 00:41:11,600
WANT TO KNOW WHAT'S HAPPENING WITH THE BUDGET IN WASHINGTON,

673
00:41:11,733 --> 00:41:15,867
THAT THEY WILL BE ABLE TO FIND THE STORIES THAT WILL TELL THEM,

674
00:41:16,000 --> 00:41:18,367
YOU KNOW, WHAT'S HAPPENING WITH THE BUDGET IN WASHINGTON.

675
00:41:18,500 --> 00:41:22,867
I THINK IF THEY'RE GOING TO YOUR WEBSITE, THEY'RE PROBABLY MORE

676
00:41:23,000 --> 00:41:25,600
INTERESTED IN KNOWING WHAT'S GOING ON IN THE TOWN.

677
00:41:25,733 --> 00:41:30,333
I MEAN, WE'RE TALKING ABOUT TECHNOLOGY HERE, AND I THINK ONE

678
00:41:30,467 --> 00:41:35,567
OF THE BENEFITS OF TECHNOLOGY IS WE DO KNOW WHERE TO GO AND HOW

679
00:41:35,700 --> 00:41:39,067
TO GET INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT'S HAPPENING IN PALESTINE RIGHT

680
00:41:39,200 --> 00:41:42,500
NOW, IF THEY'RE COMING TO YOUR SITE, THEY'RE PROBABLY

681
00:41:42,633 --> 00:41:46,833
INTERESTED IN NEWS ABOUT YOUR TOWN.

682
00:41:47,033 --> 00:41:51,200
TO HAVE TRUST IN THE READERS, DO YOU THINK YOUR READERS AND

683
00:41:51,333 --> 00:41:55,733
READERS IN GENERAL AND PEOPLE WHO ARE WATCHING CABLE NEWS ALL

684
00:41:55,867 --> 00:41:58,533
SOPHISTICATED ENOUGH TO TELL THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WHAT'S

685
00:41:58,667 --> 00:42:01,000
OPINION, WHAT'S NEWS, WHAT'S ANALYSIS?

686
00:42:01,200 --> 00:42:05,133
THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION AND THAT'S A TOUGH ORDER BECAUSE IN

687
00:42:05,267 --> 00:42:07,633
THE TRADITIONAL ORGANIZATION OF, YOU KNOW, WHEN I WAS YOUNG IN

688
00:42:07,767 --> 00:42:10,400
THE TRADITIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE WAY A NEWSPAPER WAS PUT

689
00:42:10,533 --> 00:42:14,733
TOGETHER, OR THE WAY A TELEVISION STATION PRESENTED ITS

690
00:42:14,867 --> 00:42:18,433
NEWS, THE DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN WHAT WAS NEWS AND WHAT

691
00:42:18,567 --> 00:42:23,000
WAS COMMENTARY ON THE NEWS WAS PRETTY CLEAR AND IF YOU LOOK AT

692
00:42:23,133 --> 00:42:26,967
NEWSPAPERS OR NEWSPAPER WEBSITES YOU KNOW, THEY HAVE A

693
00:42:27,100 --> 00:42:32,533
DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN NEWS AND SPORTS AND OPINION AND OTHER

694
00:42:32,667 --> 00:42:37,700
TOPICS, BUT IN AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE PEOPLE ARRIVE AT THE NEWS

695
00:42:37,833 --> 00:42:40,533
THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA, A LOT OF TIMES FIRST OF ALL, YOU DON'T

696
00:42:40,667 --> 00:42:44,733
KNOW -- YOU SEE SOMETHING AND YOU CLICK THROUGH TO IT AND YOU

697
00:42:44,867 --> 00:42:47,500
DON'T KNOW WHO YOU'RE CLICKING THROUGH TO, BUT ALSO, YOU DON'T

698
00:42:47,633 --> 00:42:51,233
REALLY TAKE STOCK OF THE FACT THAT THIS WAS LABELED AS AN

699
00:42:51,367 --> 00:42:54,600
OPINION PIECE AND SO THEN YOU CLICK THROUGH TO IT AND YOU SAY

700
00:42:54,733 --> 00:42:59,767
THAT'S AWFULLY OPINIONATED FOR A NEWS STORY ABOUT WHAT'S GOING ON

701
00:42:59,900 --> 00:43:02,300
IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND THE TRUTH IS IT WASN'T DESIGNED TO BE A

702
00:43:02,467 --> 00:43:05,400
NEWS STORY ABOUT WHAT WAS GOING ON IN THE MIDDLE EAST.

703
00:43:05,600 --> 00:43:08,900
LANCE, DO YOU THINK SOCIAL MEDIA OR ELECTRONIC MEDIA IS

704
00:43:09,033 --> 00:43:11,433
CONTRIBUTING TO THAT? THAT'S THE PROBLEM IS A

705
00:43:11,567 --> 00:43:15,533
COUPLE OF THINGS. CERTAINLY, A LOT OF PEOPLE DON'T

706
00:43:15,667 --> 00:43:18,767
EVER ARRIVE AT A NEWS STORY. THEY'RE JUST LOOKING AT

707
00:43:18,900 --> 00:43:22,367
HEADLINES GOING THROUGH THEIR NEWSFEED AND NOT CLICKING

708
00:43:22,500 --> 00:43:25,200
THROUGH AND SO THEY SEE A HEADLINE AND THAT'S AN OPINION

709
00:43:25,333 --> 00:43:27,933
PIECE, BUT IT'S NOT LABELED AS SUCH, AND I THINK A LOT OF

710
00:43:28,067 --> 00:43:32,467
NEWSPAPERS DO A VERY POOR JOB OF LABELING WHAT END UP IN A NEWS

711
00:43:32,600 --> 00:43:38,133
FEED WHETHER OR NOT IT'S NEWS OR OPINION AND THEN IF YOU LOOK AT

712
00:43:38,267 --> 00:43:41,700
LITERALLY ADVERTISING NOW ON A LOT OF MAJOR PUBLICATIONS, WE

713
00:43:41,833 --> 00:43:47,200
JUST DID A STUDY AT LSU AND 30% OF NEWS AUDIENCES COULDN'T TELL

714
00:43:47,333 --> 00:43:50,700
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN AD AND A NEWS STORY.

715
00:43:50,833 --> 00:43:55,800
AND I HEARD THAT PRESENTED -- 70% COULD WELL 30% IS A PRETTY

716
00:43:55,933 --> 00:43:59,167
BIG NUMBER SO WE WERE REALLY EYE TRACKING TO SEE AND WE TOLD THEM

717
00:43:59,300 --> 00:44:02,567
TO CLICK ON ALL OF THE THINGS THAT WERE NEWS AND ALL THE

718
00:44:02,700 --> 00:44:10,600
THINGS THAT WERE ADS AND 30% NEVER CLICKED ON A NATIVE

719
00:44:10,733 --> 00:44:12,400
AUDIENCE. I KNOW AT NOLA.COM ONLINE

720
00:44:12,533 --> 00:44:15,900
EVERY OPINION PIECE HAS "OPINION" IN THE HEADLINE,

721
00:44:16,033 --> 00:44:17,967
RIGHT? AND THAT WAS A DEVELOPMENT

722
00:44:18,100 --> 00:44:24,033
BECAUSE THERE WAS A LOT OF CONFUSION BEFORE AND SOME OF IT

723
00:44:24,167 --> 00:44:27,800
OWES TO SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION WHERE WE WERE

724
00:44:27,933 --> 00:44:30,133
TRYING TO WRITE A HEADLINE THAT PEOPLE ARE GOING TO SEE AND

725
00:44:30,267 --> 00:44:34,267
NOTICE AND WANT TO READ AND SHARE, ETC., ETC.

726
00:44:34,400 --> 00:44:40,833
AND THAT SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION MAY NOT NECESSARILY

727
00:44:41,000 --> 00:44:46,100
FIT SO WELL WITH BIG OLD "OPINION" IN THE HEADLINE, BUT

728
00:44:46,233 --> 00:44:51,200
WE HAVE BEEN A LITTLE MORE DELIBERATE IN THE LAST COUPLE OF

729
00:44:51,333 --> 00:44:54,400
YEARS OF PUTTING THAT IN THE HEADLINE BECAUSE TO MY

730
00:44:54,533 --> 00:44:57,800
DISAPPOINTMENT, MANY PEOPLE DID PROFESS CONFUSION MANY TIMES.

731
00:44:57,933 --> 00:45:00,833
WELL, WHY ARE YOU SAYING THIS? YOU'RE BIASED.

732
00:45:00,967 --> 00:45:06,367
WELL, OKAY, AN OPINION BY ITS VERY NATURE HAS A BIAS.

733
00:45:06,500 --> 00:45:09,267
SO YES, THAT'S NOT -- THAT DOESN'T INSULT ME BECAUSE I'M

734
00:45:09,400 --> 00:45:12,267
WRITING AN OPINION. BUT IT WAS ALWAYS A CONTINUING

735
00:45:12,400 --> 00:45:15,300
SOURCE OF FRUSTRATION OF HOW MANY PEOPLE WERE SAYING WELL

736
00:45:15,467 --> 00:45:19,600
THIS SOUNDS LIKE AN OPINION WHEN LIKE YEAH, IT IS AN OPINION.

737
00:45:19,733 --> 00:45:24,833
BUT AS PETER SAID, WHEN IT GETS SHARED, WHEN IT GETS SENT TO

738
00:45:24,967 --> 00:45:26,200
TWITTER, WHEN IT GETS SENT TO FACEBOOK, WHEN SOMEONE IS

739
00:45:26,333 --> 00:45:29,867
EXCERPTING IT AND PUTTING IT WHEREVER IT IS, WE COMPLETELY

740
00:45:30,000 --> 00:45:35,067
LOSE CONTROL OF THAT. SO HOW ARE YOU AND THE

741
00:45:35,200 --> 00:45:38,333
ORGANIZATIONS THAT YOU REPRESENT, WHAT ARE YOU DOING TO

742
00:45:38,467 --> 00:45:42,867
GET THE ATTENTION AND BE ABLE TO INFLUENCE OUR YOUNG PEOPLE TODAY

743
00:45:43,000 --> 00:45:46,167
WHEN MOST OF WHAT THEY'RE LOOKING AT IS SOCIAL MEDIA?

744
00:45:46,367 --> 00:45:48,000
I'LL START WITH THAT, I GUESS.

745
00:45:48,167 --> 00:45:52,033
I JUST FINISHED A CLASS WITH COLLEGE FRESHMEN AND THEY WERE

746
00:45:52,167 --> 00:45:54,767
NOT STUDENTS WHO ARE INTERESTED SO MUCH IN JOURNALISM.

747
00:45:54,900 --> 00:45:56,833
IN FACT, THE OVERWHELMING MAJORITY OF THE CLASS WERE

748
00:45:56,967 --> 00:46:02,533
SCIENCE, MATH, ENGINEERING WOULD-BE MAJORS, INTENDED

749
00:46:02,667 --> 00:46:05,933
MAJORS. BUT THEY HUNGERED FOR JUST THIS.

750
00:46:06,067 --> 00:46:11,833
THERE WAS A GROWING REALIZATION THAT THE SOCIAL PLATFORMS DON'T

751
00:46:11,967 --> 00:46:17,133
PROVIDE ENOUGH CONTEXT AND ENOUGH RELIABLE NEWS AND THEY

752
00:46:17,267 --> 00:46:19,067
WANTED TO KNOW A COUPLE OF THINGS:  HOW TO BUILD A MEDIA

753
00:46:19,200 --> 00:46:23,967
DIET, HOW TO LOOK AT JOURNALISM AND ASSESS WHETHER IT WAS OF

754
00:46:24,100 --> 00:46:29,533
GOOD QUALITY OR BAD QUALITY OR INFERIOR QUALITY AND WHAT LIFE

755
00:46:29,667 --> 00:46:33,800
SKILLS I COULD GIVE THEM TO ANALYZE INFORMATION AND SO ONE

756
00:46:33,933 --> 00:46:38,167
OF THE THINGS WE'VE DONE AND THOUSANDS AND THOUSANDS OF CARDS

757
00:46:38,300 --> 00:46:42,433
JUST LIKE THIS HAVE BEEN DISTRIBUTED BY THE MANSHIP

758
00:46:42,567 --> 00:46:47,300
SCHOOL ABOUT HOW TO LOOK AT -- HOW TO JUDGE A STORY, WHETHER

759
00:46:47,433 --> 00:46:51,233
THE SOURCING IS ACCURATE AND AUTHORITATIVE, WHETHER THE DATA

760
00:46:51,367 --> 00:46:54,867
IS VERIFIABLE, WHETHER THE PEOPLE WHO ARE QUOTED ARE NAMED,

761
00:46:55,033 --> 00:46:56,400
WHETHER THEY KNOW WHAT THEY'RE TALKING ABOUT AND IF ANYBODY

762
00:46:56,533 --> 00:47:04,100
WOULD LIKE A COPY, IF THE VIEWERS WOULD LIKE A COPY,

763
00:47:04,233 --> 00:47:10,400
MANSHIP.LSU.EDU AND YOU CAN DOWNLOAD A VERSION OF THIS,

764
00:47:10,533 --> 00:47:13,667
WHICH FOLDS OUT. I THINK THERE'S A SIMILARITY

765
00:47:13,800 --> 00:47:15,867
TO PAWHOM SAY ABOUT THE MEDIA AND WHAT PEOPLE SAY ABOUT

766
00:47:16,000 --> 00:47:20,467
POLITICIANS AND PEOPLE HAVE A CONTEMPTUOUS VIEW OF

767
00:47:20,600 --> 00:47:22,800
POLITICIANS, FOR EXAMPLE, AND THOSE ARE THE POLITICIANS YOU

768
00:47:22,933 --> 00:47:30,600
ELECTED AND IF YOU HAVE A VIEW OF THEM, YOU HAVE THAT VIEW OF

769
00:47:30,733 --> 00:47:34,100
YOURSELF AND YOUR NEIGHBORS BECAUSE YOU PUT THEM IN THERE,

770
00:47:34,233 --> 00:47:37,567
YOU DIDN'T FIGURE OUT WHERE THEIR MONEY CAME FROM, YOU

771
00:47:37,700 --> 00:47:39,500
DIDN'T FIGURE OUT WHAT THEY BELIEVED IN, YOU DIDN'T FIGURE

772
00:47:39,633 --> 00:47:44,133
OUT HOW THEY WOULD VOTE AND I WOULD SAY THE SAME THING -- THE

773
00:47:44,267 --> 00:47:48,100
SAME THING APPLIES TO THE MEDIA. PEOPLE LOVE TO CRITICIZE THE

774
00:47:48,233 --> 00:47:49,800
MEDIA. THEY SAY OH, I HATE WATCHING THE

775
00:47:49,933 --> 00:47:52,600
TV NEWS BECAUSE IT'S ALL FULL OF VIOLENCE.

776
00:47:52,733 --> 00:47:55,400
WELL, IF IT'S ALL FULL OF VIOLENCE IT'S BECAUSE THEY'VE

777
00:47:55,533 --> 00:47:58,400
DISCOVERED THAT YOU'LL WATCH IT IF IT'S ALL FULL OF VIOLENCE AND

778
00:47:58,533 --> 00:48:02,467
SO I THINK THE CHALLENGE IS TO, YOU KNOW -- THE CHALLENGE IS TO

779
00:48:02,600 --> 00:48:07,000
OUR CITIZENS IN THE SAME WAY, WE NEED TO ELECT BETTER

780
00:48:07,133 --> 00:48:09,933
POLITICIANS. I THINK PEOPLE NEED TO LOOK FOR

781
00:48:10,067 --> 00:48:14,467
AUTHORITATIVE SOURCES OF INFORMATION AND PUT IN THE TIME

782
00:48:14,600 --> 00:48:17,133
JUST AS YOU SHOULD IN ELECTING A POLITICIAN TO UNDERSTAND WHERE

783
00:48:17,267 --> 00:48:20,400
YOUR INFORMATION IS COMING FROM AND WHETHER YOU BELIEVE IT.

784
00:48:20,600 --> 00:48:23,833
CAN I JUST INTERJECT ONE THING?

785
00:48:23,967 --> 00:48:27,033
I THINK THIS IS THE IMPERATIVE OF OUR AGE, MEANING I THINK

786
00:48:27,167 --> 00:48:29,833
WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO BE OUR OWN EDITORS.

787
00:48:29,967 --> 00:48:32,867
THERE ARE GREAT EDITORS IN THE STATE, PETER RUNS A TERRIFIC

788
00:48:33,000 --> 00:48:36,633
NEWS OPERATION. THE PICAYUNE HAS HAD A LONG

789
00:48:36,767 --> 00:48:42,267
HISTORY OF GREAT JOURNALISM. BUT THAT KIND OF -- THAT KIND OF

790
00:48:42,400 --> 00:48:45,733
EXPERTISE ON THE GROUND IS BECOMING MORE AND MORE SCARCE

791
00:48:45,867 --> 00:48:50,267
AND PEOPLE ARE LOOKING FOR INFORMATION FROM ALL SORTS OF

792
00:48:50,400 --> 00:48:53,100
UNTRADITIONAL SOURCES AND AS A CONSEQUENCE, THEY HAVE TO BE

793
00:48:53,233 --> 00:48:58,100
THEIR OWN EDITORS. AND THAT'S REALLY WHAT WE'RE

794
00:48:58,233 --> 00:49:00,800
TEACHING TO PEOPLE WHO DON'T WANT TO GO INTO JOURNALISM, BUT

795
00:49:00,933 --> 00:49:03,033
WANT TO BE A BETTER NEWS CONSUMER.

796
00:49:03,167 --> 00:49:05,867
HOW DO I GET GOOD INFORMATION AND HOW DO I TRUST IT?

797
00:49:06,067 --> 00:49:09,000
LET'S GO TO SCOTT AND IF YOU'LL REMIND US WHO YOU

798
00:49:09,167 --> 00:49:13,500
REPRESENT, SCOTT. SCOTT, I'M THE GENERAL

799
00:49:13,633 --> 00:49:15,133
COUNSEL TO THE LOUISIANA PRESS ORGANIZATION.

800
00:49:15,267 --> 00:49:17,467
I REPRESENT MEDIA ORGANIZATIONS IN THE STATE.

801
00:49:17,600 --> 00:49:20,300
I AM FASCINATED BY THIS DISCUSSION ABOUT FAKE NEWS,

802
00:49:20,433 --> 00:49:22,200
PARTICULARLY BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, THE SUPREME COURT HAS SAID

803
00:49:22,333 --> 00:49:25,433
SEVERAL TIMES THAT THERE'S NO SUCH THING AS A FALSE IDEA,

804
00:49:25,567 --> 00:49:26,967
RIGHT? THIS WHOLE CONCEPT OF THE FIRST

805
00:49:27,100 --> 00:49:30,500
AMENDMENT IS THAT THERE IS A MARKETPLACE AND THAT THERE ARE

806
00:49:30,633 --> 00:49:32,500
TRUE THINGS IN THE MARKETPLACE AND FALSE THINGS IN THE

807
00:49:32,633 --> 00:49:36,633
MARKETPLACE AND SO MY QUESTION FOR THE PANEL IS, ISN'T THE

808
00:49:36,767 --> 00:49:41,333
PROBLEM THAT PEOPLE ARE VOTING WITH THEIR FEET?

809
00:49:41,500 --> 00:49:44,133
THERE ARE JUST MORE PEOPLE IN THE MARKETPLACE PARTICIPATING

810
00:49:44,267 --> 00:49:51,000
AND THE FAKE NEWS IS ACTUALLY AN OPPORTUNITY FOR THOSE WHO ARE

811
00:49:51,133 --> 00:49:55,600
ACTUALLY GOING TO TELL THE TRUTH TO WIN PEOPLE TO THEIR SIDE SO

812
00:49:55,733 --> 00:49:58,500
THAT THEY WILL VOTE WITH THEIR FEET AND SUBSCRIBE?

813
00:49:58,633 --> 00:50:02,633
OR GO ONLINE AND READ THE TRADITIONAL NEWS SOURCES THAT

814
00:50:02,767 --> 00:50:05,667
ARE TELLING THE TRUTH? ISN'T THIS PART OF A PROCESS AND

815
00:50:05,800 --> 00:50:09,067
ARE WE JUST KIND OF UBER CONCERNED WITH IT RIGHT NOW

816
00:50:09,200 --> 00:50:10,433
BECAUSE OF THE ATMOSPHERE IN THE COUNTRY?

817
00:50:10,633 --> 00:50:14,333
IT IS A PROCESS AND IT'S ALWAYS BEEN PART OF A PROCESS.

818
00:50:14,467 --> 00:50:20,467
BUT IT'S AMPED UP NOW BECAUSE THE TECHNOLOGY, THE ECHO CHAMBER

819
00:50:20,600 --> 00:50:23,467
EFFECT OF SOCIAL MEDIA, THE FILTER BUBBLES, ALL OF THAT, HAS

820
00:50:23,600 --> 00:50:26,467
PUT THIS OUT THERE. I STILL BELIEVE IN THE

821
00:50:26,600 --> 00:50:30,067
MARKETPLACE OF IDEAS. I THINK IT MAY TAKE LONGER THAN

822
00:50:30,200 --> 00:50:33,967
IT USED TO TAKE BECAUSE THERE'S SO MANY VOICES AS YOU'RE

823
00:50:34,100 --> 00:50:37,100
REFERRING TO, THE VOLUME OF PEOPLE AND THE NUMBER OF

824
00:50:37,233 --> 00:50:40,833
PLAYERS, BUT I STILL BELIEVE THAT ULTIMATELY, THE TRUTH DOES

825
00:50:40,967 --> 00:50:45,100
WIN OUT, BUT I THINK THE MARKETPLACE OF IDEAS IS STILL

826
00:50:45,233 --> 00:50:49,900
THE FUNDAMENTAL -- THE FUNDAMENTAL CORE OF OUR

827
00:50:50,033 --> 00:50:53,767
REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY AND THE ROLE THE PRESS PLAYS IN IT.

828
00:50:53,967 --> 00:50:57,767
WHAT STRUCK ME WHEN PETER WAS TALKING ABOUT WALTER CRONKITE

829
00:50:57,900 --> 00:51:02,367
BEING THE MOST TRUSTED MAN IN AMERICA A GENERATION OR MAYBE

830
00:51:02,500 --> 00:51:11,067
TWO GENERATIONS AGO NOW, WAS HISTORIANS OF JOURNALISMS HAVE

831
00:51:11,200 --> 00:51:13,100
SAID THAT WAS THE EXCEPTION, THAT THE MAJORITY OF THE TIME

832
00:51:13,233 --> 00:51:17,867
THAT JOURNALISM HAS EXISTED IN AMERICA, IT'S BEEN A LOT MORE

833
00:51:18,000 --> 00:51:22,033
LIKE IT IS TODAY THAN IT WAS DURING THE CRONKITE ERA, WHERE

834
00:51:22,200 --> 00:51:29,600
YOU PICK YOUR SIDE AND THESE ARE THE PEOPLE WHO I WANT TO SEE.

835
00:51:29,733 --> 00:51:33,733
SO WE ARE STILL TRYING TO I THINK HOLD TIGHT AND HOLD FAST

836
00:51:33,867 --> 00:51:38,633
TO THAT CONCEPT THAT EXISTED FOR THIS BEAUTIFUL FLEETING MOMENT

837
00:51:38,767 --> 00:51:48,967
IN TIME, WHERE PEOPLE HAD THIS IDEA OF NON-PARTISAN, FAIR AND

838
00:51:49,100 --> 00:51:53,433
BALANCED, UNBIASED REPORTING, BUT I THINK THE NORM IS FAR, FAR

839
00:51:53,567 --> 00:51:55,900
OUTSIDE OF THAT. THAT'S A GOOD POINT, AND I

840
00:51:56,067 --> 00:52:00,500
THINK THE TRUTH IS THAT FAKE NEWS IS NOT A NEW THING RELATED

841
00:52:00,633 --> 00:52:05,200
TO THE INTERNET. THE SALEM WITCH HUNT WAS FAKE

842
00:52:05,333 --> 00:52:08,567
NEWS. THE GREATEST PIECE OF FAKE NEWS

843
00:52:08,700 --> 00:52:13,533
IN MY LIFETIME WAS KENNEDY ASSASSINATION CONSPIRACY

844
00:52:13,667 --> 00:52:17,633
THEORIES AND ALL OF THAT GAVE RISE BEFORE THE INTERNET, USING

845
00:52:17,767 --> 00:52:23,067
OTHER TECHNOLOGIES, CHIEFLY BOOK PUBLISHING AND GUYS WRITING

846
00:52:23,200 --> 00:52:29,000
BOOKS AND GOING ON TALK SHOWS AND TALKING ABOUT THE

847
00:52:29,167 --> 00:52:32,133
INCONGRUITIES IN THE WARREN COMMISSION REPORT.

848
00:52:32,267 --> 00:52:37,933
OLIVER STONE MADE A THREE-HOUR MOTION PICTURE, WHICH REALLY

849
00:52:38,067 --> 00:52:43,533
IMPLANTED IN YOUNG PEOPLE'S HEADS THE IDEA THAT THERE WAS A

850
00:52:43,667 --> 00:52:47,233
BIG CONSPIRACY INVOLVING THE CIA AND THE MILITARY ESTABLISHMENT

851
00:52:47,367 --> 00:52:52,333
TO KILL KENNEDY AND ALL OF THAT IS FAKE NEWS AND ALL OF THAT

852
00:52:52,467 --> 00:52:57,533
FAKE NEWS EXISTED BEFORE THE INTERNET AND POLLS SHOWED -- AND

853
00:52:57,667 --> 00:53:01,500
STILL SHOW THAT MORE PEOPLE THINK THAT THE KENNEDY

854
00:53:01,633 --> 00:53:05,633
ASSASSINATION WAS A VAST CONSPIRACY THAN, YOU KNOW, ONE

855
00:53:05,767 --> 00:53:09,267
KIND OF LOSER WHO, BY THE WAY, WAS BORN IN LOUISIANA WHO SORT

856
00:53:09,400 --> 00:53:13,067
OF WAS A GOOD SHOT AND HAPPENED TO BE IN THE RIGHT PLACE AT THE

857
00:53:13,200 --> 00:53:15,233
RIGHT TIME. AND PART OF THAT IS BECAUSE IT'S

858
00:53:15,367 --> 00:53:19,767
SO DIFFICULT FOR US TO ACCEPT THE FACT THAT SOMETHING SO

859
00:53:19,900 --> 00:53:23,933
IMPORTANT COULD HAPPEN FROM SUCH A SERIES OF CIRCUMSTANCES.

860
00:53:24,133 --> 00:53:27,967
WE ARE JUST ABOUT OUT OF TIME AND THE DISCUSSION IS REALLY

861
00:53:28,100 --> 00:53:30,833
GETTING KICKED OFF. I WANT TO GIVE EVERYBODY TO

862
00:53:30,967 --> 00:53:33,967
CHANCE TO MAKE A BRIEF CLOSING REMARK OR COMMENT.

863
00:53:34,167 --> 00:53:38,967
I WOULD JUST SAY THAT TO ADD TO KIND OF THIS DISCUSSION HERE

864
00:53:39,100 --> 00:53:44,000
IS THAT WE HAVE THESE MAJOR PLATFORMS NOW THAT ARE IN CHARGE

865
00:53:44,133 --> 00:53:45,967
OF A LOT OF OUR MEDIA INFORMATION.

866
00:53:46,100 --> 00:53:49,300
SO YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT MICROSOFT AND GOOGLE AND

867
00:53:49,433 --> 00:53:53,600
FACEBOOK AND THESE ARE NOT COMPANIES THAT HAVE NEWS VALUES

868
00:53:53,733 --> 00:53:57,367
AS PART OF THEIR MISSION STATEMENT.

869
00:53:57,500 --> 00:54:00,867
THEY'RE IN THE BUSINESS OF MAKING PROFITS AND SELLING

870
00:54:01,000 --> 00:54:03,133
PRODUCTS AND THOSE KINDS OF THINGS SO THEIR OBJECTIVES ARE

871
00:54:03,267 --> 00:54:06,133
DIFFERENT THAN TRADITIONAL NEWS ORGANIZATIONS.

872
00:54:06,267 --> 00:54:10,967
SO THE FACT THAT MORE AND MORE PEOPLE ARE GETTING THEIR NEWS

873
00:54:11,100 --> 00:54:15,033
FROM THESE PLATFORMS CREATES AN INHERENT CONFLICT, AND IT'S

874
00:54:15,167 --> 00:54:16,333
SOMETHING WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO PAY ATTENTION TO.

875
00:54:16,533 --> 00:54:18,467
I GUESS I WOULD SAY THAT NEWS IS LIKE EVERYTHING ELSE AND YOU

876
00:54:18,600 --> 00:54:23,067
GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR AND IF YOU GET FREE NEWS FROM FACEBOOK THEN

877
00:54:23,200 --> 00:54:27,400
I DON'T KNOW WHY YOU'RE OUTRAGED ABOUT THE FACT THAT IT'S CRAPPY

878
00:54:27,533 --> 00:54:31,400
AND INACCURATE. IF YOU WANT -- IF YOU WANT FREE

879
00:54:31,533 --> 00:54:32,767
FOOD, IT'S NOT GOING TO BE VERY GOOD.

880
00:54:32,900 --> 00:54:35,900
IF YOU WANT FREE HOUSING IT'S NOT GOING TO BE VERY GOOD.

881
00:54:36,033 --> 00:54:38,800
AND I THINK, YOU KNOW, PEOPLE HAVE TO GET USED TO THE IDEA

882
00:54:38,933 --> 00:54:42,700
THAT IF THEY WANT REAL NEWS THEY HAVE TO PAY FOR IT.

883
00:54:42,867 --> 00:54:45,800
THERE'S A DAWNING REALIZATION INCLUDING AMONG THE PEOPLE IN

884
00:54:45,933 --> 00:54:48,900
THIS ROOM THAT WHAT YOU GET IN THE WAY OF FREE NEWS ISN'T

885
00:54:49,033 --> 00:54:53,633
NECESSARILY ACCURATE AND YOU DON'T KNOW WHY IT EXISTS AND THE

886
00:54:53,767 --> 00:54:58,300
RUSSIAN ATTEMPTS TO INFLUENCE OUR ELECTION ARE A PIECE OF

887
00:54:58,433 --> 00:54:59,667
THAT. YOU KNOW, ALL OF THAT IS ROOTED,

888
00:54:59,800 --> 00:55:04,233
ALL THAT INFORMATION WAS SPREAD TO PEOPLE WHO GET THEIR NEWS FOR

889
00:55:04,367 --> 00:55:05,400
FREE. AND I THINK PEOPLE WILL COME TO

890
00:55:05,533 --> 00:55:08,400
THE REALIZATION THAT YOU GET WHAT YOU PAY FOR.

891
00:55:08,600 --> 00:55:12,867
I THINK ONE OF THE BENEFITS OF GOING TO COLLEGE AND I'M NOT

892
00:55:13,000 --> 00:55:15,833
SAYING IT'S EXCLUSIVE TO PEOPLE WHO HAVE GONE TO COLLEGE IS THAT

893
00:55:16,000 --> 00:55:20,633
YOU ARE ASKED TO DEVELOP A CONCEPT OF CRITICAL THINKING,

894
00:55:20,767 --> 00:55:31,367
WHERE YOU LEARN HOW TO EVALUATE IDEAS, EVALUATE THEORIES AND

895
00:55:31,500 --> 00:55:34,033
HYPOTHESES AND FIGURE OUT WHY THEY DO OR DON'T MAKE SENSE AND

896
00:55:34,167 --> 00:55:37,400
SO MANY PEOPLE I KNOW WHO HAVE BEEN TO COLLEGE ARE STILL SO

897
00:55:37,533 --> 00:55:40,033
GULLIBLE AND CREDULOUS WHEN THEY'RE SEEING THINGS ON THE

898
00:55:40,167 --> 00:55:44,267
INTERNET AND I HAVE HAD ON MULTIPLE OCCASIONS TO SAY SOME

899
00:55:44,400 --> 00:55:48,100
OF YOU ALL WILL SHARE ANYTHING. LIKE THINGS THAT CLEARLY

900
00:55:48,233 --> 00:55:52,833
COULDN'T POSSIBLY MAKE ANY KIND OF SENSE DEMOGRAPHICALLY,

901
00:55:52,967 --> 00:55:55,300
MATHEMATICALLY, WOULDN'T MAKE SENSE AT ALL IF YOU HAD YOUR

902
00:55:55,433 --> 00:56:00,467
BRAINS OPERATING AND YET PEOPLE ARE SHOWING THIS WILLINGNESS TO

903
00:56:00,600 --> 00:56:01,433
SHARE. AGAIN BECAUSE I THINK THIS

904
00:56:01,567 --> 00:56:05,567
SPEAKS TO MY SIDE, THIS HELPS MY ARGUMENT, THIS HELPS MY SIDE AND

905
00:56:05,700 --> 00:56:08,500
I'M GOING TO SHARE IT SO WHEN YOU MENTION THAT WE ALL HAVE TO

906
00:56:08,633 --> 00:56:14,733
BECOME EDITORS, I THINK WE ALL HAVE TO ALSO BECOME A LOT MORE

907
00:56:14,867 --> 00:56:17,933
CONSCIOUS ABOUT NOT ONLY WHAT WE ARE READING, BUT ALSO WHAT WE

908
00:56:18,067 --> 00:56:20,433
ARE SHARING. WHAT ARE WE PUTTING OUT THERE?

909
00:56:20,567 --> 00:56:24,567
HOW ARE WE CONTRIBUTING TO THIS MADNESS OUT THERE, THAT PEOPLE

910
00:56:24,700 --> 00:56:29,533
ARE WILLING TO BELIEVE JUST ABOUT ANYTHING?

911
00:56:29,733 --> 00:56:34,233
I'M OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THE CORE VALUES OF THE PRESS'S ROLE IN

912
00:56:34,367 --> 00:56:37,933
THE AMERICAN DEMOCRACY, BUT I DO THINK THAT ALL OF WHAT WE'VE

913
00:56:38,067 --> 00:56:41,100
BEEN TALKING ABOUT TONIGHT IS GOING TO GET WORSE BEFORE IT

914
00:56:41,233 --> 00:56:42,733
GETS BETTER. OKAY.

915
00:56:42,867 --> 00:56:47,033
THAT'S A REALLY CHEERFUL WAY TO END THE EVENING.

916
00:56:47,167 --> 00:56:47,867
[LAUGHTER] THANK YOU LIN.

917
00:56:48,000 --> 00:56:52,200
SO WE'VE RUN OUT OF TIME FOR OUR QUESTION-AND-ANSWER SEGMENT AND

918
00:56:52,333 --> 00:56:55,467
WE WOULD LIKE TO THANK OUR PANELISTS FOR THEIR INSIGHT ON

919
00:56:55,633 --> 00:56:58,067
THIS MONTH'S TOPIC. WHEN WE RETURN WE'LL HAVE A FEW

920
00:56:58,200 --> 00:56:59,567
CLOSING COMMENTS. ♪♪

921
00:56:59,700 --> 00:57:12,967
♪♪ WHAT A TERRIFIC

922
00:57:13,100 --> 00:57:14,167
CONVERSATION. THERE'S SO MANY THINGS WE COULD

923
00:57:14,300 --> 00:57:16,233
TALK ABOUT IN THE FUTURE, BUT OBVIOUSLY, I'M IMPRESSED WITH

924
00:57:16,367 --> 00:57:19,533
THE AUDIENCE AND WITH THE PANEL, AS WELL.

925
00:57:19,667 --> 00:57:21,933
AND IT'S COMMITTED ME TO THINKING ABOUT WHAT THE ROLE IS

926
00:57:22,067 --> 00:57:24,600
OF PUBLIC MEDIA, AND I THINK WE HAVE AN IMPORTANT ROLE TO PLAY.

927
00:57:24,800 --> 00:57:26,767
AND A VERY GOOD REPUTATION I THINK, TOO.

928
00:57:26,967 --> 00:57:28,267
WELL, THANK YOU AND THAT'S ALL THE TIME WE HAVE FOR

929
00:57:28,400 --> 00:57:30,367
TONIGHT'S PROGRAM. WE ENCOURAGE YOU TO VISIT OUR

930
00:57:30,500 --> 00:57:34,700
WEBSITE AT LPB.ORG/PUBLICSQUARE TO SHARE YOUR COMMENTS ON

931
00:57:34,833 --> 00:57:36,500
TONIGHT'S SHOW. WE WOULD LOVE TO HEAR FROM YOU.

932
00:57:36,633 --> 00:57:40,167
YOU MAY ALSO FOLLOW US ON FACEBOOK AND TWITTER.

933
00:57:40,367 --> 00:57:43,267
WITH SUMMER APPROACHING, PEOPLE IN LOUISIANA TAKE TO THE

934
00:57:43,400 --> 00:57:46,367
WATER. COASTAL FISHERMEN MAY BE

935
00:57:46,500 --> 00:57:49,233
SURPRISED TO DISCOVER RESTRICTED ACCESS TO WATERWAYS THAT ARE

936
00:57:49,367 --> 00:57:52,000
CONSIDERED PUBLIC IN ANY OTHER STATE.

937
00:57:52,133 --> 00:57:54,200
JOIN "LOUISIANA PUBLIC SQUARE" NEXT MONTH AS IT EXPLORES THIS

938
00:57:54,333 --> 00:57:57,833
ISSUE AND OTHERS IN AN ENCORE PRESENTATION OF LOUISIANA,

939
00:57:57,967 --> 00:58:00,367
SPORTSMAN'S PARADISE OR PROBLEM? THANKS FOR WATCHING AND GOOD

940
00:58:00,500 --> 00:58:01,700
NIGHT. GOOD NIGHT.

941
00:58:01,833 --> 00:58:11,067
♪♪ ♪♪

942
00:58:11,200 --> 00:58:17,967
♪♪ ♪♪

943
00:58:35,233 --> 00:58:41,900
FOR A COPY OF THIS PROGRAM, GO ONLINE TO WWW.LPB.ORG.