- Rugs are the key to pulling together the decor of any room. Rugs can act as temperature control, sound control, safety for bare floors, and divide rooms, one from another. Sometimes I struggle to combine the right colors, patterns, and textures, and end up with a rug that is not right for my space. Today, we have an expert here to guide us through those choices. I don't want the rug pulled out from under my feet. Let's learn about rugs today on "Fit 2 Stitch". (gentle cheery music) - [Narrator] "Fit 2 Stich" is made possible by Kai Scissors, (piano music) Bennos Buttons, OC Sewing, Orange County, Vogue Fabrics, Pendleton, Imitation of Life, and Clutch Nails. - I'm excited today because we're going to talk rugs, and I just don't know enough about 'em. I've bought so many of 'em, it's ridiculous. So Scott's gonna help me and us today and really figure out how I buy the best one. The one that works best for me. Help me out. - [Scott] We'll do what we can and thank you for having me, Peggy. - Thank you. - But you know, rugs have a very long and very rich history. They started in literally almost prehistoric times being woven for saddle blankets, for floors of tents, for that kind of thing. - [Peggy] Oh, that's interesting. On the floors of tents. - Well, they were nomadic people mostly, - Sure, sure, okay. - But what most people in the United States or Europe think about when they think about a rug, is more like a Persian rug. That's where most of the idea of hand knotted of rugs came from, was the Persian empire, which would be the 1300s, 1400s, 1500s. And that's where most of our classical Persian rugs with borders, medallions, overall patterns, originated. And typically you had kind of two ideas of rugs, you had really finely crafted rugs, that were really finely detailed, maybe made out of silk or somethin', Once the trade routes were established, they would've been used for the very elite class for their villas and palaces. - [Peggy] Oh, so rugs were really a sign of the wealthy. - It could be very much of a status symbol. And then you had people that were more nomadic, the bedouins, tribal people. There were weaving coarser rugs, not as fine. They were typically a little more geometric because they didn't have time to weave these super-fine rugs. - [Peggy] How interesting. - And they were using them for practical everyday things. Once again, saddle blankets, warmth, flat woven rugs, floor for coverings for their tents. - So when you talk, Oriental rugs versus Persian rugs. Are they one in the same? Or is their orientation the same? What's that relationship? - Well, when you're referring to Persian and Oriental, you really talking about more of a style. - [Peggy] Oh I see. - [Scott] An Oriental rug technically would be a Persian pattern, but not necessarily a Persian rug. Which would be a rug that would have been made in the old Persian empire, which is mostly the area around of Iran and around Iran today. One thing that clues you in that this is not a Persian rug, is the fact that you can actually tell that there's a flower it's like little roses, as opposed to being a little bit more stylized. Like the Persian rugs are, Persian rugs being made in Iran, which is a Muslim country. Culturally, you cannot reproduce living things, plants or animals and a likeness the way they are in reality. So they're all stylized. True Persian rugs are very expensive and typically in the United States, they're old because you can't import 'em. They either had to come across as personal property or come over here before the revolution. - So, that's why they're so expensive. - [Scott] Well they are, 'cause they're scarce, they're rare, they're old. They're usually 40 or so years old. - And they're the most expensive in the rug category? The Persian rugs. - Typically, simply because you're paying for the provenance as it were, of the rug. - [Peggy] Sure. - To actually have a Persian rug from the homeland where it originated. - [Peggy] Yeah. - But you can get very, very, very fine Oriental rugs. Which would be a Persian pattern out of India. They do very, very fine weaving. In fact, that's where the majority of that type of hand knots would be coming from today - Oh, interesting. - into the Western world. - So those Persian rugs are all hand created, or were all hand created at one time. - [Scott] Yeah, and so like hand knotted rugs, you know, there's always a little imperfections on it. Like on this one on the back, you can see where the weavers got like a row off on the weaving because that's no longer a straight line and on the front, you can't even tell it. But you know, in the back they did. And it's just one of those little quirks that every hand knotted rug has its own little personal characteristics. The knots per square inch on this around 450 or 500. And originally their colors would have been reds and blues, and certain ochers, and some warmer earth tones, maybe because they would all have been vegetable dyed that had been working with the plants, the animals, the minerals, and they were available in their region to create the dyes with. - Sure. And the fibers as well. The natural, there was no polyesters or anything. - They would've been using predominantly wool because that was readily available. - [Peggy] Or cotton even? - They would have used cotton, some maybe, but typically the rugs have been wool. Cotton doesn't wear all that well. It's not all that easy to clean and care for. - [Peggy] It doesn't yeah. - They wear, they wove the rugs on cotton. Your warp yarns are what the rugs actually woven on, typically would be cotton, or sometimes wool depending upon the region. But typically the fiber itself would have been wool and wool has some really good properties. It's got a lot of natural resiliency to it, it has a lot of spring to it, - Yes, yes. - And it handles high traffic really well. - I actually have heard that a wool rug, repels insects. Do you know if that's true or not? - [Scott] I would qualify that it does not repel the moths that eat wool at all. - [Peggy] Not the moths, but what about other bugs, do you know? But you're right, moths live in wool, once they get in they never leave, do they? - They're hard to get rid of 'cause they lay their little eggs down there in the pile. - So scrap that concept, you know you do hear some stuff that's not true. - Other insects maybe, I don't want to speak to that because my knowledge of that part is not- All I know is bugs will get in wool. - [Peggy] And you've been doing this for almost 30 years. So I think that you know, all aspects of rug. So we talk about rugs and this is a, this is a machine. - This is machine made. - [Peggy] So it's always going to be less expensive. Well, no, not always, you hate to say always. - Sort of, I mean, you can actually find a machine made rug that's a super high density, that's out of a more expensive material, that would be at the same price point as maybe a starting hand knotted rug, would be. But typically hand knots are going to be your highest price category. - [Peggy] So density is my considering factor. My cost factor, how closely all the threads are packed together. - That's gonna be one of your major factors, yes. Is the amount of material in the rug, because the cost of construction the rug, doesn't play that big a role in the pricing of the rug. - [Peggy] That makes sense. - I mean the labor and stuff in India is very inexpensive, not so much getting worse, but it was, but machine mades are really predicated on what it's made out of and how much of it's in the rug. And the denser, the more tightly packed the fibers are, the better they help hold each other up. So they don't pack and crush as readily and then look fresher longer. It makes the rug feel stiffer. So a lot of people get caught up in the idea, I want a soft rug, but I want a nice quality rug. Well, it's kind of a conundrum because you can't really get a high density that's super soft. - So when I first walked into the store, many years ago, many years ago, I bought many rugs from you guys. - [Scott] Before I was there. - Yeah. I, there was four questions that I got to asked and I couldn't answer any of them. (both laughing) So walk me through those four questions, so I can practice a little more, next time I walk into the store. - Well one thing that is very important, is how much do you want to spend on a rug? - How much you wanna spend? That's a hard one because you want to, you don't want to spend any more than you have to. And I'm afraid when I walk in, if I tell you a price- - Yeah, but the fact is we don't care. All I want is a guideline, less than a thousand dollars for an 8 by 10, less than five hundred dollars for an 8 by 10. - [Peggy] That makes sense. - You know, I just want something. I don't want to show you a fifteen hundred dollar rug, that you're going to fall in love with, that you don't want to pay for, because it's outta budget, and then nothing else is going to look as good. - So, you're not trying to rip me off. You're just trying to guide me. - [Scott] I'm trying to guide you. - [Peggy] Okay perfect. - My idea is obviously I want to sell a rug, but I want to be the right rug. - Sure. - [Scott] I want it to meet your price, your color, your performance. - That's why you're here today, 'cause I know you're into education, not just anything else. Okay, so the first thing I have to know is, - What's your budget? - What's my budget. okay. What's number two? - Sizing, where are you placing your rug. - That's easier. Except for dining room, I've always struggled with that because there are some parameters for a dining room. - The easiest rule of thumb is just two feet all the way around your table. That way your rugs, your chairs stay on the rug pull them out. - [Peggy] Yes. - So typically you've seating six at the table, two on each side, one on the each end. You want an 8 by 10 or 8 by 11. Just take whatever your table width is add four feet to it, whatever length is add four feet to it. - Okay. So size of rug just depends on how much space you wanna cover. And are larger rugs really more, I don't know. There are no, there's no content, there's no real theme to larger versus smaller. - Well, okay. I'm automatically a suspect because I'm selling rugs. - [Peggy] Okay. - But the fact of the matter is from a design point of view, the bigger you can go in a space, generally, the better, you don't want to get a postage stamp in your room. - I like that, say that again, You don't wanna get a postage stamp in your room. I love that. I have a room that has a postage stamp currently. Okay. - Ya know, if your furniture is floating in the space for example, you want at least an 8 by 10 or 8 by 11, because you want to be able to pull the front edges of the furniture onto the rug, because your rug is actually, what you're doing is you're creating a room inside the room. - Yes, yes that make sense. - And your rug is kind of the foundation, that's uniting all these disparate elements into one cohesive space. - [Peggy] Okay. - In order to do that, you need to be able to have the rug on it. It doesn't need to be all the way on the rug. In some cases you may want part of one side on the rug and all the furniture on the other side. In my living room, my chairs opposite the sofa or all the way on the rug because I have a walkway behind it and it just simply looked wrong. But the sofa is only partway on the rug. - Yeah. That's okay. - It's the way it worked out best for that space. And most people know if it looks right or if it looks wrong. - [Peggy] Most people. I love that. It's not like a preference. - [Scott] You know, you know, if it feels right to you most of the time. - [Peggy] Okay, so I've got costs and I've got size. What else do I need to know? - [Scott] Colors, what colors are you working with? You're a neutral person, wanting to keep the rug basically neutrals, and let artwork or accessories or pillows be the star in the room. - So you said something to me a little while ago that I, was really surprised me. And I actually put it to the test and I went to several stores and I got different answers from every store. But once I challenged them, you were right. And the question I asked you is, do I start with my rug? Do I start with my furniture? Do I start with the paint on the walls? And I loved your response. More I loved your response, I loved why. - Well ideally, though few people have the actual luxury of doing this because most people already have some sort of existing furniture or artwork. - Few people do, but if you get to do it. - If you're lucky enough, start with a rug. - Start with the rug. - You've have the fewest choices in rugs. You can do literally an infinite number of paint colors. You walk into a fabric store and you're looking for blue or blue and white. There's a whole row, 10 rolls on each thing. - And I really, you know, when you said that to me, I thought, that's just the rug guy tellin' me to start with the rug - Well, people always think that because they think I'm just, you know trying to sell rugs. - I actually went to the upholstery place next, okay. And I said, where do you start? I said, I gave him the same three. He goes, oh, you always start with the upholstery. I said, well, wait a minute, rugs are harder to find. There's less selection. He goes, yeah, you're right, you should start with the rug. And then I went to the paint store. And he actually said, start with the rug. So, but just logically, that makes sense to start with the rug. But you're right. It is a frivolous, I mean, on some levels 'cause you already have. - Well, most people do. Now, some people starting, you know, moving into new home. Maybe they sold the furniture with the old house, or they don't have a lot to begin with and they're reorienting things or rearranging or putting them in different spaces. But, it is easier to start the rug because you do have a lot more fabric choices and paint colors. - [Peggy] Okay, so I've got my price and I've got my size, and I've got my colors. And if I don't have my colors, I could bring you a pillow or something to help you. - Pictures in the room always, a pillow, a cushion. It doesn't matter to me. - [Peggy] But you know what's good about you in particular, is a lot of places that sell rugs, don't have somebody who knows what they're doing behind the rugs. So for you, you know, you don't necessarily expect help and you don't know necessarily what's the fourth one, sorry. That you should know. - The fourth one would be style. Are you more transitional? Which would be a mixture of contemporary and traditional. Are you more contemporary? Are you more traditional? What's the style of your room? What's the feeling of it. - So once I have those four things, you can really give me six choices and then I get to, you can narrow it down for me is what I'm saying. - [Scott] Yeah, we'll narrow it down for you. I don't even truly have to have the four things. What I have to have from you is how much do you want to spend and a picture. - [Peggy] Okay. - And then we can figure out the other three things together. - All right, that sounds great. That's, I like that. I wanna have a parameter of what I need when I, before I go shopping. - A picture, that's what you need, - [Peggy] A picture, got it. - is a picture of your space. - So when I look at these two rugs, I cannot tell the difference. I feel them. Like, I like this one better. Why do I like this one better? - Probably what you're liking about that rug better is the softness of it. And then it's just because the material it's made out of more so than how it's made. - Oh, so it's not because it's, I already knew it was hand knotted. - Not necessarily, because there are rugs that have the same fiber, which is viscose, which is synthetic true. But it's wood pulp based like a rayon. - [Peggy] Okay. - Really. Which I think you're probably familiar with being in textiles and stuff. - Yeah. - But it has a very soft silky feel to it. And there are a lot of machine mades that are made in this. The difference is this, this hand knotted piece , which looks like needle point on the back. - [Peggy] Look at that, isn't that beautiful. - [Scott] Whereas a machine made looks like carpet on the back. - Yeah. - But it's the density. The amount of material in it. Hand knots typically have more material, which is one of the- - Well, because it's Rayon, does that make a difference? 'Cause Rayon is such a thin fiber? - It's a very yarn like, a very thread like yarn, usually as opposed to a thicker, like a wool yarn, you'd knit a sweater out of, but you know, it takes more care and more awareness. - It does, because Rayon, we can wash, but- - [Scott] Very carefully but- - It does change colors. - It'll yellow over the years, in light, and it's a fairly soft fiber. So without proper care, it tends to shed a bit, which is generally not desirable, but it has a very nice, effective, very silky look. I mean, if you want to get a real silk rug, you'd be talking about tens or twenties of thousands of dollars. Whereas you do a Rayon rug, a viscose rug for a couple of grand, in the same kind of size, and it has the same look and the same feel to it. And that's why it's being used so much. And you know, it has a lot of luster to it. So typically, a viscose rug is going to be a lot of difference between the light end and the dark end, whether you're looking into the nap or with the nap, because you can feel it, it's just like pen and animal. One way, it feels rougher, - [Peggy] Yeah, that is amazing. - [Scott] and the other way it feels smoother. And what happens, when you look at the right from this way, you're lookin' at the side of the fibers, which reflects more light, so the lighter. And you're lookin' at it right from that end, which is going against the nap, you're seeing the tips of the fibers. So it doesn't reflect as much light, so it's darker. - [Peggy] Can you tell by looking at the rugs, if it's a hand knotted or machine, can you- I mean you can, but can you give us some tips where we can. - Mainly a machine made rug it's going to look like a piece of Broadloom carpet. - [Peggy] But I mean from the front, forget turnin' it over. You just walk into somebody's house, and you're trying to figure out how much they spent on their rugs. - Well a machine made is going to have surging typically around the edges of it. - Oh, to finish them. - Now a hand knotted rug, is gonna be finished, but it's gonna be a hand-sewn finish. And it's going to be more hidden under the nap. So it's not going to look like they took the rug and just set on edge, which is what they did with the machine made rug. - So this one is much cheaper. How do they get the different in the pile? - [Scott] It's called a drop stitch, in the machine mades. And this actually has two different stitches. It has a full cut. And this is almost more like a flat woven in there, which is giving you the two textures in this rug. In a hand knotted rug, it's gonna be two ways. It could be the carved rug, where they actually go back and hand carve a drop in it- - [Peggy] In a hand made. - in a handmade, or they can, it's probably going to be a carved. - Okay, so in this case, I could see that this was a, a machine made because of the edging. - Because you have the surging on the edge, yup. - Can I tell this as hand-woven simply by seeing this edge? Why is it? I know it's a sample, but is that why it's fraying? Would it typically fray, in time? - They shouldn't not really. What happens- - [Peggy] So here's a little bead along the bottom there. - [Scott] Yeah, but when you're looking at the top, you don't really see it, 'cause the natural nap where you see it here. - Okay, so this will almost be, rimless kind of. - Yeah, basically. What's happening here, is actually cause they're hand sewn in and it's just these loose yarns that have worked their way out of the binding. You just need to take scissors and trim it. It's not a defect in the rug. - [Peggy] Or I could go back with a needle and thread, kinda tuck it under? (Scott laughing) - If you wanted to torture yourself, you could. It's easier to just take scissors and snip it, it's not gonna hurt the rug. - I guess I'm always worried if I cut the rug, that more will happen, more will unfray. - No. - And I ended up in this wild dream where my rug is coming undone. - [Scott] Well I mean you don't wanna cut the rug, but if, as long as you're just cuttin' the pile- - Yeah, no I understand what you're sayin'. Just along the edge. - Yeah, you'll just be fine. - All right, so we've got our four things we need to know. You can help us figure out the rest. I, my next only big issue. Not only that's not true, I'm lying, but my next big issue is I just have a tendency to just go, can I pull out my secret weapon under the table? - [Scott] Yeah. (Peggy laughing) - Because I always just want to go white, because I'm so afraid of mixing. I don't know how to like, show us how to mix. - The key to mixing and matching patterns is the scale of the pattern. - Okay. - This material here is a very large scale pattern. - It's a very large scale. - [Scott] It's very large. - [Peggy] And does it have like a time period to that? If you look at that, do you say, it's not contemporary. - This I would say it's more of a transitional. - Okay. - The roots in this, actually you might even consider Persian because this is sort of reminiscent of a palmette pattern, which has been in Persian, but it's not really. It's kind of not modern, it's not traditional. - [Peggy] But it's definitely large scale. - Definitely big. - Definitely large scale. Okay. - This is an example of a small scale design. And so in this scale fabric you'd want to use a smaller scale design with it. This is sort of a tone on tone, almost a solid, but not quite. So you can go any direction, kind of with this you want. - [Peggy] Oh, that's interesting, that's considered less solid because it's a tone on tone type thing. - Basically yeah. - [Peggy] You know, it's funny when I went and bought all these different ones, to give you a hard time, I figured they were all so very different and you'd never be able to pull them all together. That was your test. Let's see what they match. If you don't mind. - Well, there's several things we can do with these. - Okay. - [Scott] You can do more of a traditional feeling with it, such as this idea here. - So would the rug be, what? What would the rug be? - This is sort of a modern version of a Panel Kirman. You see the little squares in it and then the pattern in it? That's a Panel Kirman. And these are typically telling a story, trees of life in there, native shrubs and stuff in there, but it would be a Persian pattern, just kind of an updated version of it, done in a more modern way. - [Peggy] And it's a hand, machine- - This is a hand knotted piece actually. - [Peggy] Oh, this is a hand knotted piece, it's beautiful. - [Scott] It's a gorgeous rug. - [Peggy] Yeah it is. - [Scott] It keeps you a neutral palette. And once again, the scale on that is bigger than this. And then you have just, your tone on tone. - [Peggy] Oh, so that's how it works. Just the opposite. That's the larger, and that's the smaller. But now that's the larger, and that's the smaller. - Yep, so if this was your sofa for example, this was an accent chair, that was pillows or another accent chair. All of those things can be pulled together and work with this idea of a rug. - I love that. So that's why you say, start with the rug first. It makes so much sense again. - [Scott] Well, you just have a lot more choices in fabrics. - Okay, but now I like this rug. - [Scott] This would be a different approach. This is going to give you a more modern feeling, typically a little bit younger crowd here. And once again, you have a difference in scale. - So this is your small, and this is your large. This would probably always be your large. - Probably, that size fabric design is going to be the large and then you can also use your small with it, and then you can also use your tone on tone with it. - [Peggy] I can't believe how pretty they look, I never thought that you could find a rug to go with this. - [Scott] Yeah, and you know people are gonna go- - 'Cause I was so busy, I figured that was so busy. - But see, that's the thing about a tight fabric, a tight design like this, it reads almost like a solid, there's no pattern. Your eye readily identifies that. - [Peggy] Oh, that makes sense. - [Scott] Which keeps it simpler. - In a room it reads like a solid. - [Scott] Yes. Even though it's not, and people are gonna go, but this rug is blue. That has no blue in it. That's a totally neutral. You can put any color with that. Orange, uh, tangerine, mustard, reds, any color, literally. And the idea is, what you're doing is you're kind of painting a picture with the, all the elements. Your accessories are artwork, your furniture. And each piece of this is just simply like a brush stroke in the painting. And what you need to keep in mind is, the overall effect, because they're all going to simply become an element in the space. Once the rugs on the floor, you're going to be losing 40% of it. You're going to have the edges of it covered up with furniture pieces. You're going to have a coffee table or ottoman in the middle of it. So, you could do something - It's the base, it's kinda the anchor. - Exactly. Just pull some blues or something into your pillows. This fabric, which works well with that already has blues in it. - It does, I can't believe how well those two work together. I really bought them as opposites, but when you put them against the rug, they look really nice. This one's harder over here, let's see what you can do with this one. - Well this is for one, this is kind of an in between rug. And this will be an excellent way to introduce color, without taking over it. - [Peggy] So is this a large pattern or small pattern? - This is gonna be kind of an in-between. It's sort of mixed because the root design is big scale, but you do have the way they've treated the colors, the mixing of the colors, and the small almost pixelation of colors, makes it a small scale. - [Peggy] Okay. - [Scott] So it kind of has the best of both worlds. And it's an excellent way to introduce color for people like you that are color averse. - Yeah, I'm scared of it, that's all. I love it, when you do it. I love it . - But think about it. You know, this would work with it. I'm not gonna say it's the perfect rug or the one I would necessarily choose. But for demonstration purposes, that works with it. - Okay. - This is actually really quite lovely with it. - I love that, I mean, that's really pretty. I can actually see that. - And this is actually quite lovely with it as well. - [Peggy] I like that really a whole lot. So, because this really shows off the larger scale of this portion, it changes it, it changes with each one you put up there. - Yeah. - Would you, could you put these two? No, it's too much. - Well, they have a lot of colors in common, it's gonna be basically a neutral rug. - You have a lot goin' on with this, sorry. - Well, you do have a lot going on with this, but once again, remember the rug is not gonna be hanging in your home. It's going to be on the floor. - That's right, that's true. - It's gonna have other things going on, working with it. - Sure. - So, you know, it's going to have a different feeling than here under lights with being examined. - Is this a machine? Or is this- - This is actually a handloom piece. - [Peggy] Okay. - Which is basically done like a flat woven rug, with, you know, with a loom, with the shuttlin' and bobblin' goin up and things, except that they- - [Peggy] Like a woven garment. - Yeah. - [Peggy] Yeah, - Except they're using a stick or a rod to put between every other weft through the warps, to raise it up and then cutting it to give it a pile. Instead of just being a flat rug. - I'm gonna steal a look at the back on that. And then you can tell by looking at the back here? - [Scott] Kinda some, some handlooms actually mimic hand knots really well. But this one, I would be able to say this is a loomed rug and not a hand knotted rug. - And then on the fringe, just curious on that fringe, is that period also, or can that go contemporary? Can that go anything? - [Scott] The fringe on the hand knotted rug or handloomed rug is actually the warp yarns being tied off. So they don't unravel to maintain the integrity of the rug. - [Peggy] Okay. - A hand knotted rug that does not have fringe on it, either has it sewn under it or it's been sealed in some ways so the rug doesn't unravel. - [Peggy] Like the one we looked at. I feel ready to come shopping. I know my four details and I know to bring- - A picture. - A picture, I promise. - Or more than one. - Scott, thank you so much for being here. It was just so much fun. - Thank you Peggy. - I do feel ready. And on another note, furniture upholstery. Furniture upholstery and repair can be expensive, but it doesn't have to be. Come along as we traveled to an upholstery shop. Where an expert craftsmen will teach us simple techniques we can use at home, saving money and time. Next time on "Fit 2 Stitch". (piano music) - Fit 2 stich is made possible by, Kai Scissors, Bennos Buttons, OC Sewing, Orange County, Vogue Fabrics, Pendleton, Imitation of Life, and Clutch Nails. To order a four DVD set, of "Fit 2 Stitch" series 10, please visit our website at fit2stitch.com.