1 00:00:00,567 --> 00:00:02,102 Hi, thanks for joining us for 2 00:00:02,102 --> 00:00:04,371 "The Family Plot: Gardening in the Mid-South." 3 00:00:04,371 --> 00:00:05,539 I'm Chris Cooper. 4 00:00:05,539 --> 00:00:09,610 Insects like to eat plants   but spiders eat insects. 5 00:00:09,610 --> 00:00:12,713 Today we're talking about   out eight-legged friends. 6 00:00:12,713 --> 00:00:15,182 Also, rodents can   be destructive. 7 00:00:15,182 --> 00:00:17,184 We'll show you how   to control them. 8 00:00:17,184 --> 00:00:18,185 That's just ahead on.. 9 00:00:18,185 --> 00:00:20,187 "The Family Plot:   Gardening in the Mid-South." 10 00:00:20,187 --> 00:00:22,689 (female announcer)   Production funding for 11 00:00:22,689 --> 00:00:26,927 "The Family Plot: Gardening in   the Mid-South" is provided by 12 00:00:26,927 --> 00:00:31,164 Good Winds Landscape and Garden   Center in Germantown since 1943 13 00:00:31,164 --> 00:00:34,301 and continuing to offer its   plants for successful gardening 14 00:00:34,301 --> 00:00:37,304 with seven greenhouses   and three acres of plants 15 00:00:37,304 --> 00:00:39,606 plus comprehensive   landscape services.. 16 00:00:39,606 --> 00:00:53,253 [soft music] 17 00:00:53,253 --> 00:01:02,596 [theme music] 18 00:01:02,596 --> 00:01:03,830 Hi, welcome to "The Family Plot." 19 00:01:03,830 --> 00:01:04,898 I'm Chris Cooper. 20 00:01:04,898 --> 00:01:06,733 Joining me today is Andy Williams. 21 00:01:06,733 --> 00:01:09,202 Andy is the director out at   Lichterman Nature Center. 22 00:01:09,202 --> 00:01:10,404 And Mister D is here. 23 00:01:10,404 --> 00:01:12,572 Thanks for joining us. 24 00:01:12,572 --> 00:01:13,607 Glad to be here. 25 00:01:13,607 --> 00:01:15,609 Alright, Andy. 26 00:01:15,609 --> 00:01:16,743 You have spiders. 27 00:01:16,743 --> 00:01:19,112 And I'll try not to scream. 28 00:01:19,112 --> 00:01:21,682 So, what do we need to know about the spiders? 29 00:01:21,682 --> 00:01:23,116 Because they are beneficial, right? 30 00:01:23,116 --> 00:01:24,384 They are. 31 00:01:24,384 --> 00:01:27,487 That's the point if you can get past your phobias about spiders. 32 00:01:27,487 --> 00:01:28,789 I mean, next is snakes. 33 00:01:28,789 --> 00:01:30,924 They're some of the most misunderstood creatures 34 00:01:30,924 --> 00:01:31,959 on the planet. 35 00:01:31,959 --> 00:01:35,095 They have just really undeserved reputations. 36 00:01:35,095 --> 00:01:36,496 But the more you know about them.. 37 00:01:36,496 --> 00:01:38,498 Of course, you know, it's my thing anyway. 38 00:01:38,498 --> 00:01:41,335 The more you know about them, the more interesting they are. 39 00:01:41,335 --> 00:01:44,304 To start with in broad strokes, they're arthropods. 40 00:01:44,304 --> 00:01:47,307 They're related to insects but they're not insects. 41 00:01:47,307 --> 00:01:48,875 Insects typically have three legs, 42 00:01:48,875 --> 00:01:50,277 three body parts. 43 00:01:50,277 --> 00:01:54,614 But spiders are arachnids,   spiders and their relatives. 44 00:01:54,614 --> 00:01:56,483 And they have eight legs. 45 00:01:56,483 --> 00:01:58,285 They have   two body parts 46 00:01:58,285 --> 00:02:00,988 and some other   interesting equipment. 47 00:02:00,988 --> 00:02:02,556 So, this is not a native spider. 48 00:02:02,556 --> 00:02:05,892 This is actually a blonde   tarantula from the desert. 49 00:02:05,892 --> 00:02:08,395 But we use it because   it's the large size. 50 00:02:08,395 --> 00:02:10,297 Our native   spiders tend to live.. 51 00:02:10,297 --> 00:02:12,265 Most of them just   live a single year. 52 00:02:12,265 --> 00:02:13,834 But their lifecycles tend to.. 53 00:02:13,834 --> 00:02:17,704 They live between one to three years. 54 00:02:17,704 --> 00:02:20,741 So, this time of year, they're kind of on the small side. 55 00:02:20,741 --> 00:02:23,010 And so, it's very helpful to have live spiders 56 00:02:23,010 --> 00:02:24,644 that live longer. 57 00:02:24,644 --> 00:02:26,713 These tarantulas can live five, ten, 58 00:02:26,713 --> 00:02:29,249 twenty years and they're very long lived. 59 00:02:29,249 --> 00:02:30,851 They're typically females. 60 00:02:30,851 --> 00:02:33,754 Most spiders are sexually dimorphic. 61 00:02:33,754 --> 00:02:36,957 In other words, they're very distinct differences between the 62 00:02:36,957 --> 00:02:37,324 males and females. 63 00:02:37,324 --> 00:02:39,793 And the females are larger and live longer. 64 00:02:39,793 --> 00:02:43,730 [laughter] 65 00:02:43,730 --> 00:02:47,167 You really can't tell really clearly here 66 00:02:47,167 --> 00:02:48,268 that it has eight eyes. 67 00:02:48,268 --> 00:02:52,973 But the eyes are on the   part called the cephalothorax, 68 00:02:52,973 --> 00:02:54,474 which is kind of the head chest. 69 00:02:54,474 --> 00:02:56,376 They have eight legs, eight eyes. 70 00:02:56,376 --> 00:03:00,213 They're more sensitive to light and dark. 71 00:03:00,213 --> 00:03:02,716 Although, jumping spiders can see up to eight inches. 72 00:03:02,716 --> 00:03:08,588 They have pedipalps, large --   looks like a first set of legs. 73 00:03:08,588 --> 00:03:10,090 Inside, they have fangs. 74 00:03:10,090 --> 00:03:14,161 The fangs are connected to venom glands. 75 00:03:14,161 --> 00:03:18,065 All spiders are venomous. 76 00:03:18,065 --> 00:03:22,069 However not all spiders venom is deleterious to humans. 77 00:03:22,069 --> 00:03:23,870 But every time you talk about spiders, 78 00:03:23,870 --> 00:03:27,407 you know, you really have to talk about the brown recluse and 79 00:03:27,407 --> 00:03:30,544 the black widow, which are also found in the gardens and you 80 00:03:30,544 --> 00:03:32,446 really don't necessarily want. 81 00:03:32,446 --> 00:03:35,082 The black widows are distinctive   if they've got the hourglass 82 00:03:35,082 --> 00:03:36,650 marking and that sort of stuff. 83 00:03:36,650 --> 00:03:37,784 Spiders will eat anything. 84 00:03:37,784 --> 00:03:39,319 And so, they eat the males. 85 00:03:39,319 --> 00:03:40,754 They eat eat other spiders. 86 00:03:40,754 --> 00:03:42,355 Of course, they eat everything. 87 00:03:42,355 --> 00:03:44,891 The brown recluse, we won't go   in to too much detail about it 88 00:03:44,891 --> 00:03:45,892 at this point. 89 00:03:45,892 --> 00:03:51,031 But they're small, wispy, brown   spiders that hang out in your 90 00:03:51,031 --> 00:03:52,032 closets and like that. 91 00:03:52,032 --> 00:03:53,033 You really want to avoid them. 92 00:03:53,033 --> 00:03:56,269 But anyhow, those are the two no-nos. 93 00:03:56,269 --> 00:03:58,305 But most other spiders that we have, 94 00:03:58,305 --> 00:03:59,439 there are thousands of them. 95 00:03:59,439 --> 00:04:02,042 People tell us that you're never more than three feet away 96 00:04:02,042 --> 00:04:03,477 from a spider. 97 00:04:03,477 --> 00:04:05,912 Your house, your garden, everywhere. 98 00:04:05,912 --> 00:04:07,948 But the good news is they eat bugs. 99 00:04:07,948 --> 00:04:09,483 They eat lots of bugs. 100 00:04:09,483 --> 00:04:13,920 In the South, we have three general types of spiders. 101 00:04:13,920 --> 00:04:16,990 We have the very familiar web spinning spiders. 102 00:04:16,990 --> 00:04:21,061 They're web-weaving. 103 00:04:21,061 --> 00:04:25,031 All spiders have silk glands   they use to not only trap their 104 00:04:25,031 --> 00:04:26,967 prey but also provide habitat. 105 00:04:26,967 --> 00:04:29,770 They use a variety   of interesting ways. 106 00:04:29,770 --> 00:04:33,940 But these weaving spiders will just lay their webs and wait for 107 00:04:33,940 --> 00:04:36,843 something to come in to it. 108 00:04:36,843 --> 00:04:38,311 See if we can get him down a little bit. 109 00:04:38,311 --> 00:04:41,148 This is our native wolf spider,   which they get -- not terrifying 110 00:04:41,148 --> 00:04:43,216 but they get very large. 111 00:04:43,216 --> 00:04:45,385 See if I can get that   around where we can see it. 112 00:04:45,385 --> 00:04:47,120 They get larger later. 113 00:04:47,120 --> 00:04:49,589 And they look more like our friend the tarantula. 114 00:04:49,589 --> 00:04:50,957 And this is so tiny you can't see it. 115 00:04:50,957 --> 00:04:54,628 This is a jumping spider that jumps around and grabs its prey. 116 00:04:54,628 --> 00:04:55,529 Okay. 117 00:04:55,529 --> 00:04:58,198 Another spider that a lot of people only find out by mistake 118 00:04:58,198 --> 00:05:01,468 but are fairly common are the crab type spiders. 119 00:05:01,468 --> 00:05:03,603 The crab type spiders have very.. 120 00:05:03,603 --> 00:05:05,605 Well, they look like little miniature crabs. 121 00:05:05,605 --> 00:05:08,475 Crabs are also arthropods   but they're crustaceans. 122 00:05:08,475 --> 00:05:11,912 So, they're related but   not really the same thing. 123 00:05:11,912 --> 00:05:16,917 But you can see it's got its   legs in a crab like position. 124 00:05:16,917 --> 00:05:19,119 So, those are the three basic types of spiders. 125 00:05:19,119 --> 00:05:20,554 They eat and hunt differently. 126 00:05:20,554 --> 00:05:23,456 Like, we talked about these wait in flowers. 127 00:05:23,456 --> 00:05:25,458 And in the summer, some of them are beautiful. 128 00:05:25,458 --> 00:05:26,459 They're white. 129 00:05:26,459 --> 00:05:27,460 They're green. 130 00:05:27,460 --> 00:05:28,461 They're red. 131 00:05:28,461 --> 00:05:29,462 They're pink. 132 00:05:29,462 --> 00:05:31,464 They mimic the flowers and they ambush and catch things 133 00:05:31,464 --> 00:05:32,465 in the flowers. 134 00:05:32,465 --> 00:05:33,533 So, they mimic the flowers? 135 00:05:33,533 --> 00:05:35,168 Yeah, the colors of the flower. 136 00:05:35,168 --> 00:05:37,537 And they chill out, stay still and they move 137 00:05:37,537 --> 00:05:39,306 with amazing speed. 138 00:05:39,306 --> 00:05:42,442 Now they have a little bit better eye sight than some. 139 00:05:42,442 --> 00:05:46,580 But a lot of weaving spiders just respond to motion. 140 00:05:46,580 --> 00:05:48,582 In fact, on the tarantulas, you know, 141 00:05:48,582 --> 00:05:49,583 they're known for the hair. 142 00:05:49,583 --> 00:05:54,487 The hair-like things on their legs are very sensitive 143 00:05:54,487 --> 00:05:56,556 to sound and vibration. 144 00:05:56,556 --> 00:05:59,359 But another myth about spiders is basically they are, 145 00:05:59,359 --> 00:06:01,895 you know, arachnid vampires. 146 00:06:01,895 --> 00:06:03,363 You know, they got their fangs. 147 00:06:03,363 --> 00:06:05,365 They go and they just bite something. 148 00:06:05,365 --> 00:06:07,367 They suck the juice out of it and go on to the next. 149 00:06:07,367 --> 00:06:09,102 And actually, that's not true. 150 00:06:09,102 --> 00:06:11,705 But it makes them even more terrifying. 151 00:06:11,705 --> 00:06:17,444 You know, the truth is that all spiders to some extent digest at 152 00:06:17,444 --> 00:06:20,547 least part of what they eat. 153 00:06:20,547 --> 00:06:24,050 Just anyhow, you can see this on your own if you go out 154 00:06:24,050 --> 00:06:25,051 to the garden. 155 00:06:25,051 --> 00:06:27,954 You look at -- throw something in to like a garden spider or 156 00:06:27,954 --> 00:06:29,389 something and watch it eat. 157 00:06:29,389 --> 00:06:33,526 It will use the fangs first to penetrate and kill the prey. 158 00:06:33,526 --> 00:06:36,663 They may wrap a little bit webbing while they're waiting 159 00:06:36,663 --> 00:06:37,898 for it to die. 160 00:06:37,898 --> 00:06:39,432 But then they will go. 161 00:06:39,432 --> 00:06:43,003 And see if we can get him around where he can be seen 162 00:06:43,003 --> 00:06:44,004 by the camera. 163 00:06:44,004 --> 00:06:46,006 This is actually a brown recluse. 164 00:06:46,006 --> 00:06:49,342 And unfortunately, he's decided to crawl down on the bottom. 165 00:06:49,342 --> 00:06:52,679 But if you look in there, he's actually got a wolf spider. 166 00:06:52,679 --> 00:06:58,084 What he's done after he knew   he killed the wolf spider, 167 00:06:58,084 --> 00:07:02,489 he grabbed it and they actually   regurgitate digestive fluids on 168 00:07:02,489 --> 00:07:03,490 to the outside. 169 00:07:03,490 --> 00:07:06,192 And they take their   jaws and the macerate it. 170 00:07:06,192 --> 00:07:10,563 They get the digestive juices   in it and they eat that way. 171 00:07:10,563 --> 00:07:13,466 Now things like the wolf spiders and tarantulas, 172 00:07:13,466 --> 00:07:14,901 you know, they're hunters. 173 00:07:14,901 --> 00:07:19,973 A lot of them will tear the prey apart and eat bits and pieces. 174 00:07:19,973 --> 00:07:22,542 Although, you will see wings and legs. 175 00:07:22,542 --> 00:07:27,247 I hate to say less juicy parts but the parts that they can't 176 00:07:27,247 --> 00:07:28,348 chew as well. 177 00:07:28,348 --> 00:07:32,152 The crab spiders have another way of going about it. 178 00:07:32,152 --> 00:07:34,154 They have exceedingly strong fangs. 179 00:07:34,154 --> 00:07:36,456 And their fangs pierce the shell of an insect or the exoskeleton, 180 00:07:36,456 --> 00:07:37,524 the external covering. 181 00:07:37,524 --> 00:07:42,162 They will go and not only inject some venom but also they will 182 00:07:42,162 --> 00:07:44,631 throw up some digestive juices inside it. 183 00:07:44,631 --> 00:07:48,201 And so, after its dead, it'll start digesting inside out. 184 00:07:48,201 --> 00:07:50,704 And they'll suck out the digestive stuff 185 00:07:50,704 --> 00:07:52,105 out of the inside. 186 00:07:52,105 --> 00:07:54,240 But anyhow, that's how they eat. 187 00:07:54,240 --> 00:07:56,009 But what do they eat? 188 00:07:56,009 --> 00:07:57,444 They primarily eat bugs. 189 00:07:57,444 --> 00:08:00,280 And garden pests are among their favorite foods. 190 00:08:00,280 --> 00:08:01,281 There are.. 191 00:08:01,281 --> 00:08:05,985 Some of the hunters will -- has to eat special as far as diet. 192 00:08:05,985 --> 00:08:09,522 But almost any web-weaving spider will eat whatever goes in 193 00:08:09,522 --> 00:08:10,590 to its web. 194 00:08:10,590 --> 00:08:12,726 The webs don't hurt the plants. 195 00:08:12,726 --> 00:08:14,861 So, you want to attract them. 196 00:08:14,861 --> 00:08:19,132 You'll need some tall plants for them to put their webs on. 197 00:08:19,132 --> 00:08:22,335 Also, provide some mulching cover for these hunting insects 198 00:08:22,335 --> 00:08:24,504 to provide cover and go out and hunt and do their thing. 199 00:08:24,504 --> 00:08:26,573 Andy, that was great. 200 00:08:26,573 --> 00:08:29,209 We appreciate that. 201 00:08:29,209 --> 00:08:31,444 There are a number of gardening events going on in the next 202 00:08:31,444 --> 00:08:32,912 couple of weeks. 203 00:08:32,912 --> 00:08:35,248 Here are just a few that might interest you. 204 00:08:35,248 --> 00:08:56,202 [theme music] 205 00:08:56,202 --> 00:08:58,204 Alright, we talked about the spiders. 206 00:08:58,204 --> 00:09:02,041 Now, Mister D, moles, voles and chipmunks. 207 00:09:02,041 --> 00:09:04,044 Let's start with the moles first. 208 00:09:04,044 --> 00:09:05,044 Let's do start with the moles. 209 00:09:05,044 --> 00:09:07,046 That's actually a success story. 210 00:09:07,046 --> 00:09:09,049 I can tell you some good things about the mole. 211 00:09:09,049 --> 00:09:12,786 This past week, I caught three in my yard. 212 00:09:12,786 --> 00:09:16,556 And that's probably about seven that I've caught this year using 213 00:09:16,556 --> 00:09:20,593 the same scissors type mole trap I've had for several years. 214 00:09:20,593 --> 00:09:27,000 But it's pretty easy to catch moles if you simply try to set 215 00:09:27,000 --> 00:09:31,204 your trap over a long tunnel that doesn't have any branches 216 00:09:31,204 --> 00:09:32,205 off to the side. 217 00:09:32,205 --> 00:09:34,207 And you set your trap over that tunnel. 218 00:09:34,207 --> 00:09:35,208 And you should catch one. 219 00:09:35,208 --> 00:09:36,209 If you don't.. 220 00:09:36,209 --> 00:09:38,211 If you don't catch one within two days, move it. 221 00:09:38,211 --> 00:09:40,213 Don't leave it there for a week. 222 00:09:40,213 --> 00:09:42,215 You know, give it a couple of days. 223 00:09:42,215 --> 00:09:44,484 And with that being said, there's actually a video of you 224 00:09:44,484 --> 00:09:49,322 showing us how to set up a mole trap. 225 00:09:49,322 --> 00:09:52,425 Looks like we have a little bit of a mole problem here. 226 00:09:52,425 --> 00:09:53,893 WKNO has its own mole. 227 00:09:53,893 --> 00:09:54,894 That's good. 228 00:09:54,894 --> 00:09:57,764 We'll see if we   can take care of it. 229 00:09:57,764 --> 00:10:00,834 Need to understand a little bit   about moles before you try to 230 00:10:00,834 --> 00:10:03,036 trap them, a little bit about their biology 231 00:10:03,036 --> 00:10:04,504 and their feeding habits. 232 00:10:04,504 --> 00:10:08,141 Primary diet of a mole is an earthworm. 233 00:10:08,141 --> 00:10:12,712 And they do eat white grubs and other soil insects. 234 00:10:12,712 --> 00:10:15,448 But earthworms are their primary diet. 235 00:10:15,448 --> 00:10:16,449 They have.. 236 00:10:16,449 --> 00:10:21,354 One mole can tunnel up to 225 feet in one night. 237 00:10:21,354 --> 00:10:23,623 They have a veracious appetite. 238 00:10:23,623 --> 00:10:24,624 They're carnivorous. 239 00:10:24,624 --> 00:10:27,260 They have different types of tunnels. 240 00:10:27,260 --> 00:10:31,130 The long tunnel that doesn't have any lateral tunnels off to 241 00:10:31,130 --> 00:10:33,466 the side is probably a transportation tunnel. 242 00:10:33,466 --> 00:10:35,702 Of course, he could be feeding. 243 00:10:35,702 --> 00:10:37,704 He probably is feeding as he's going down through that 244 00:10:37,704 --> 00:10:38,705 transportation tunnel. 245 00:10:38,705 --> 00:10:42,909 The tunnels that have a lot of lateral tunnels off to the side, 246 00:10:42,909 --> 00:10:45,745 it looks like he's kind of confused or wondering around. 247 00:10:45,745 --> 00:10:47,380 Well, that is a feeding tunnel. 248 00:10:47,380 --> 00:10:49,649 He's probably in an area where there are a lot of earthworms. 249 00:10:49,649 --> 00:10:51,584 And he just is.. 250 00:10:51,584 --> 00:10:53,052 That's the buffet. 251 00:10:53,052 --> 00:10:55,555 He's enjoying the food. 252 00:10:55,555 --> 00:10:59,893 Now a place to set a trap is not in one of the feeding tunnels. 253 00:10:59,893 --> 00:11:02,962 Because he may not come back to this area for a long time. 254 00:11:02,962 --> 00:11:07,567 The place to set a trap is over a transportation tunnel, 255 00:11:07,567 --> 00:11:10,803 a tunnel that he uses going from his den to the feeding area, 256 00:11:10,803 --> 00:11:11,804 to the feeding ground. 257 00:11:11,804 --> 00:11:14,240 And what I look for if I can't.. 258 00:11:14,240 --> 00:11:17,410 You know, ideally I would come out here every night for two or 259 00:11:17,410 --> 00:11:19,412 three nights and mash all these tunnels down. 260 00:11:19,412 --> 00:11:23,283 And then the next morning, go out and look at the tunnel that 261 00:11:23,283 --> 00:11:28,087 was raised, flag it and do that for two or three days. 262 00:11:28,087 --> 00:11:31,424 And then the tunnel that's raised every night tells me that 263 00:11:31,424 --> 00:11:33,426 is definitely a transportation tunnel. 264 00:11:33,426 --> 00:11:35,962 And you'll probably be 100% effective in catching a mole. 265 00:11:35,962 --> 00:11:38,064 I don't have time to do that. 266 00:11:38,064 --> 00:11:41,401 So, I look for a long tunnel like this right here. 267 00:11:41,401 --> 00:11:43,503 We got four feet of this tunnel. 268 00:11:43,503 --> 00:11:45,905 It doesn't have any   little side branches off. 269 00:11:45,905 --> 00:11:49,542 So, that tells me that may very   well be a transportation tunnel. 270 00:11:49,542 --> 00:11:51,644 And that's where I set my trap. 271 00:11:51,644 --> 00:11:54,380 If I'm successful   in a day or two, good. 272 00:11:54,380 --> 00:11:58,051 If not, I probably judged this incorrectly and I'll move my 273 00:11:58,051 --> 00:11:59,052 trap somewhere else. 274 00:11:59,052 --> 00:12:03,089 I don't ever leave a trap -- an unsprung trap over a couple of 275 00:12:03,089 --> 00:12:04,090 days in an area. 276 00:12:04,090 --> 00:12:06,426 But it's important that you set the trap correctly. 277 00:12:06,426 --> 00:12:09,028 This has a couple of scissors on it. 278 00:12:09,028 --> 00:12:11,130 The way it's designed, when you set the trap, 279 00:12:11,130 --> 00:12:15,068 it actually opens a channel for these scissors to work. 280 00:12:15,068 --> 00:12:21,474 Be sure you set the scissors so that they will open up 281 00:12:21,474 --> 00:12:23,176 perpendicular to the runway. 282 00:12:23,176 --> 00:12:26,179 If you set it that way, that's the wrong way. 283 00:12:26,179 --> 00:12:27,814 The mole can still get through. 284 00:12:27,814 --> 00:12:33,987 So, you push this down in to the tunnel, 285 00:12:33,987 --> 00:12:36,022 snug it down there pretty good. 286 00:12:36,022 --> 00:12:38,024 It's really very, very simple. 287 00:12:38,024 --> 00:12:42,428 And you carefully put your foot on it and you push it down. 288 00:12:42,428 --> 00:12:45,665 As you're pushing it down, those scissors are opening. 289 00:12:45,665 --> 00:12:48,901 And I'm making sure that the trigger stays pretty much in the 290 00:12:48,901 --> 00:12:53,640 center, over the center of that tunnel. 291 00:12:53,640 --> 00:12:59,479 Push it down until it clicks and it's set. 292 00:12:59,479 --> 00:13:01,114 So, we're ready. 293 00:13:01,114 --> 00:13:02,715 We are in the hunting mode right now. 294 00:13:02,715 --> 00:13:07,053 Those scissors have opened up and they're ready to go. 295 00:13:07,053 --> 00:13:08,621 The mole will.. 296 00:13:08,621 --> 00:13:11,591 Even though that's pushing down,   the mole will raise 297 00:13:11,591 --> 00:13:12,592 that tunnel again. 298 00:13:12,592 --> 00:13:15,295 And when it raises that   trigger, you'll have your mole. 299 00:13:15,295 --> 00:13:17,397 And he won't last very long. 300 00:13:17,397 --> 00:13:20,667 Just as important as learning   how to set a trap correctly is 301 00:13:20,667 --> 00:13:23,770 learning how to spring that trap   without getting your fingers 302 00:13:23,770 --> 00:13:24,771 cut off. 303 00:13:24,771 --> 00:13:26,773 So, be very, very careful with that. 304 00:13:26,773 --> 00:13:27,774 And the way I do it.. 305 00:13:27,774 --> 00:13:31,110 And I'm not sure this is approved -- an approved method. 306 00:13:31,110 --> 00:13:33,112 I know where those scissors are. 307 00:13:33,112 --> 00:13:36,916 So, I make sure I keep my fingers away from that trigger. 308 00:13:36,916 --> 00:13:38,017 Now pull it out of the ground. 309 00:13:38,017 --> 00:13:39,585 Either side will work. 310 00:13:39,585 --> 00:13:41,587 Work it out of the ground. 311 00:13:42,822 --> 00:13:44,223 See, the trigger is still.. 312 00:13:44,223 --> 00:13:47,326 You can see the scissors. 313 00:13:47,326 --> 00:13:50,029 That's in mole-catching mode. 314 00:13:52,999 --> 00:13:55,234 Usually it hits the   ground before it does that. 315 00:13:55,234 --> 00:13:59,672 But I keep my fingers away from   the scissors and just toss it 316 00:13:59,672 --> 00:14:00,673 on the ground. 317 00:14:00,673 --> 00:14:01,674 And it's ready to go. 318 00:14:01,674 --> 00:14:05,845 Okay, and we have Andy here. 319 00:14:05,845 --> 00:14:07,847 And guess what he brought us so we can see. 320 00:14:07,847 --> 00:14:10,783 Because most folks have never seen a mole. 321 00:14:10,783 --> 00:14:11,784 So.. 322 00:14:11,784 --> 00:14:13,786 Well, this is actually the Eastern mole. 323 00:14:13,786 --> 00:14:16,756 You can see it's got a long snout. 324 00:14:16,756 --> 00:14:18,224 It's pretty sensitive. 325 00:14:18,224 --> 00:14:21,227 Large front paws are   designed for moving 326 00:14:21,227 --> 00:14:22,328 through the dirt easily. 327 00:14:22,328 --> 00:14:24,564 The fur goes in one direction. 328 00:14:24,564 --> 00:14:25,565 And it's super soft. 329 00:14:25,565 --> 00:14:28,835 I mean, it actually feels good. 330 00:14:28,835 --> 00:14:32,972 It helps him glide   through the tunnels. 331 00:14:32,972 --> 00:14:34,974 You know, they're ubiquitous in the South. 332 00:14:34,974 --> 00:14:35,975 They love.. 333 00:14:35,975 --> 00:14:36,976 They eat insects. 334 00:14:36,976 --> 00:14:38,211 Well, they have a lot of grubs. 335 00:14:38,211 --> 00:14:40,213 But I think their favorite food may be earth worms. 336 00:14:40,213 --> 00:14:43,216 And so, the best way to attract them to your yard is to have a 337 00:14:43,216 --> 00:14:44,851 beautiful scene of grass. 338 00:14:44,851 --> 00:14:46,486 That's exactly. 339 00:14:46,486 --> 00:14:48,821 If you don't use many pesticides, 340 00:14:48,821 --> 00:14:50,823 you know, that just brings them in 341 00:14:50,823 --> 00:14:51,824 like sending the bat signal up. 342 00:14:51,824 --> 00:14:52,825 Okay. 343 00:14:52,825 --> 00:14:55,228 Now what else did you bring us, Andy? 344 00:14:55,228 --> 00:14:57,063 Well, also brought two things. 345 00:14:57,063 --> 00:14:59,532 This is actually a shrew. 346 00:14:59,532 --> 00:15:01,601 As you can tell, the shrew looks like the mole. 347 00:15:01,601 --> 00:15:03,503 It eats insects as well. 348 00:15:03,503 --> 00:15:08,107 But it doesn't tend to dig   as much as the moles do. 349 00:15:08,107 --> 00:15:11,711 They'll dig occasionally but   they primarily use the tunnels 350 00:15:11,711 --> 00:15:13,646 that are made by the moles. 351 00:15:13,646 --> 00:15:17,784 And they'll also follow some of the tracks made by voles with a 352 00:15:17,784 --> 00:15:20,419 V that actually will eat your plants. 353 00:15:20,419 --> 00:15:22,121 They're easily mistaken. 354 00:15:22,121 --> 00:15:25,024 But if you look carefully, you can tell very quickly that they 355 00:15:25,024 --> 00:15:26,425 have very different front legs. 356 00:15:26,425 --> 00:15:28,427 These are not   designed for burrowing. 357 00:15:28,427 --> 00:15:29,829 They do have the   same sort of snout. 358 00:15:29,829 --> 00:15:31,430 But they're   substantially smaller. 359 00:15:31,430 --> 00:15:34,433 A vole, which we will talk about in a little bit, 360 00:15:34,433 --> 00:15:35,601 is also a rodent. 361 00:15:35,601 --> 00:15:39,205 It tends to be a little lighter brown and its sort of, 362 00:15:39,205 --> 00:15:43,109 you know, roughly half way in size between the size of a shrew 363 00:15:43,109 --> 00:15:44,110 and a mole. 364 00:15:44,110 --> 00:15:46,412 Last but not least, our chipmunk. 365 00:15:46,412 --> 00:15:49,081 Yeah, another garden animal. 366 00:15:49,081 --> 00:15:52,451 Both the chipmunks and the moles dig. 367 00:15:52,451 --> 00:15:55,221 And they tend to be solitary   except when they're breeding. 368 00:15:55,221 --> 00:15:57,390 The moles will   breed once a year, 369 00:15:57,390 --> 00:15:58,558 typically in the spring. 370 00:15:58,558 --> 00:16:01,360 The chipmunks, sometimes   they have two batches. 371 00:16:01,360 --> 00:16:06,132 They look cute in cartoons   but they do dig up your garden. 372 00:16:06,132 --> 00:16:08,134 They're omnivorous. 373 00:16:08,134 --> 00:16:11,237 But they will preferably a lot of vegetables and stuff. 374 00:16:11,237 --> 00:16:13,840 And they can carry food in their cheeks. 375 00:16:13,840 --> 00:16:17,009 They have pouches, a great way. 376 00:16:17,009 --> 00:16:20,046 Moles have really high energy demands. 377 00:16:20,046 --> 00:16:23,249 They run around the yard eating all the time. 378 00:16:23,249 --> 00:16:24,517 And they don't store food. 379 00:16:24,517 --> 00:16:27,620 You know, they just kind of go to deeper areas to look for food 380 00:16:27,620 --> 00:16:29,222 when the weather gets cold. 381 00:16:29,222 --> 00:16:31,224 Alright, we appreciate that, Andy. 382 00:16:31,224 --> 00:16:33,226 Now Mister D, how about control? 383 00:16:33,226 --> 00:16:35,228 Well, you know, another thing you were talking about, 384 00:16:35,228 --> 00:16:36,762 the energy needs of the mole. 385 00:16:36,762 --> 00:16:41,067 They can eat 70 to 100% of their body weight per day of insects. 386 00:16:41,067 --> 00:16:44,136 And like you said, mostly earthworms is what they like. 387 00:16:44,136 --> 00:16:45,671 They have a real narrow.. 388 00:16:45,671 --> 00:16:48,441 You notice their rear hind quarters are more narrow 389 00:16:48,441 --> 00:16:49,442 than the front. 390 00:16:49,442 --> 00:16:52,778 That enables them to very easily   turn around in their tunnel. 391 00:16:52,778 --> 00:16:54,780 But they're   interesting critters. 392 00:16:54,780 --> 00:16:57,683 You ever heard of making a mountain out of a mole hill? 393 00:16:57,683 --> 00:16:59,852 You know what a mole hill is? 394 00:16:59,852 --> 00:17:02,021 Well, that's the hole that they dig 395 00:17:02,021 --> 00:17:04,023 when during dry weather conditions. 396 00:17:04,023 --> 00:17:06,025 They're still tunneling underground but you can't see 397 00:17:06,025 --> 00:17:08,794 the tunnel and the dirt has to go somewhere. 398 00:17:08,794 --> 00:17:10,196 Just make you get that control 399 00:17:10,196 --> 00:17:12,198 while we have just a little time left. 400 00:17:12,198 --> 00:17:13,199 Well, the control.. 401 00:17:13,199 --> 00:17:14,200 Just set a trap. 402 00:17:14,200 --> 00:17:17,370 Scissors-type trap is the one that I found to be successful. 403 00:17:17,370 --> 00:17:23,409 And set it correctly over a long span of uninterrupted tunnel. 404 00:17:23,409 --> 00:17:25,411 If it's got a lot of side tunnels off to the side of it, 405 00:17:25,411 --> 00:17:26,412 it's a feeding tunnel. 406 00:17:26,412 --> 00:17:28,047 The mole may not be there. 407 00:17:28,047 --> 00:17:31,517 Set the trap and if you don't catch anything in two days, 408 00:17:31,517 --> 00:17:32,518 move it to another one. 409 00:17:32,518 --> 00:17:34,520 And just kind of keep doing that. 410 00:17:34,520 --> 00:17:35,521 You'll eventually have success. 411 00:17:35,521 --> 00:17:37,523 What about for the voles and the chipmunks? 412 00:17:37,523 --> 00:17:39,525 The voles and chipmunks, you know.. 413 00:17:39,525 --> 00:17:40,526 Voles are.. 414 00:17:40,526 --> 00:17:41,527 Both of them are rodents. 415 00:17:41,527 --> 00:17:43,529 Of course, voles, you can use rodenticides. 416 00:17:43,529 --> 00:17:45,531 They're cleared for use on voles. 417 00:17:45,531 --> 00:17:49,235 I have some vole damage under one of my apple trees I noticed. 418 00:17:49,235 --> 00:17:52,972 I was pulling some of the weeds back and leaves back 419 00:17:52,972 --> 00:17:54,307 from my apple trees. 420 00:17:54,307 --> 00:17:58,177 And that's one thing that will help prevent that damage or stop 421 00:17:58,177 --> 00:18:00,613 that damage because they like to be covered up and they like 422 00:18:00,613 --> 00:18:01,614 weeds to be there. 423 00:18:01,614 --> 00:18:02,615 And I pull all that out. 424 00:18:02,615 --> 00:18:04,116 I'm going to try that. 425 00:18:04,116 --> 00:18:08,487 And if I still continue to have moles or voles present there, 426 00:18:08,487 --> 00:18:12,491 then I will put a rodenticide out and try to take care of it. 427 00:18:12,491 --> 00:18:14,493 The chipmunks, even though they're a rodent, 428 00:18:14,493 --> 00:18:18,798 none of the rodenticides are cleared for use on chipmunks. 429 00:18:18,798 --> 00:18:20,700 So, exclusion methods. 430 00:18:20,700 --> 00:18:24,704 You know, try to chase them out. 431 00:18:24,704 --> 00:18:26,706 You know, not a whole lot to do. 432 00:18:26,706 --> 00:18:28,708 And they can do you some damage. 433 00:18:28,708 --> 00:18:31,310 They take my four wheel drive out of my hunting vehicle every 434 00:18:31,310 --> 00:18:33,846 year and I have to take it to my mechanic to get it fixed every 435 00:18:33,846 --> 00:18:35,848 year before hunting season starts. 436 00:18:35,848 --> 00:18:37,850 If you got a vehicle that just sits out and you don't drive it 437 00:18:37,850 --> 00:18:39,986 a lot during the summer time, look out. 438 00:18:39,986 --> 00:18:40,987 Alright. 439 00:18:40,987 --> 00:18:42,989 Well, we appreciate that Andy and Mister D. 440 00:18:42,989 --> 00:18:44,223 Now is our Q and A session. 441 00:18:44,223 --> 00:18:45,491 Andy, we want you to join us. 442 00:18:45,491 --> 00:18:46,492 Sure. 443 00:18:46,492 --> 00:18:47,493 Alright. 444 00:18:47,493 --> 00:18:49,061 Here's the first viewer e-mail. 445 00:18:49,061 --> 00:18:52,231 How do I protect my   strawberries from birds? 446 00:18:52,231 --> 00:18:55,234 I put stakes with bird netting over my patch. 447 00:18:55,234 --> 00:18:59,038 It was not working well so I put taller stakes with another layer 448 00:18:59,038 --> 00:19:00,072 of netting. 449 00:19:00,072 --> 00:19:02,675 I've had tape tied on and added more. 450 00:19:02,675 --> 00:19:06,212 Still they are eating through the net. 451 00:19:06,212 --> 00:19:08,347 "Help," says Miss Elizabeth. 452 00:19:08,347 --> 00:19:10,316 Mister D, help! 453 00:19:10,316 --> 00:19:11,784 What kind of birds do you have? 454 00:19:11,784 --> 00:19:13,152 I'd like to see. 455 00:19:13,152 --> 00:19:18,090 If you do a good job of putting netting around and seal it real 456 00:19:18,090 --> 00:19:20,660 good, I don't understand how the birds are getting through there 457 00:19:20,660 --> 00:19:23,896 unless you have the net so close to the fruit, 458 00:19:23,896 --> 00:19:26,799 the birds are able to peck through the netting. 459 00:19:26,799 --> 00:19:28,234 I really don't understand that. 460 00:19:28,234 --> 00:19:30,236 And that's the only thing I can think of. 461 00:19:30,236 --> 00:19:31,237 I would try frightening agents. 462 00:19:31,237 --> 00:19:35,007 Try an artificial mole, an artificial snake. 463 00:19:35,007 --> 00:19:36,275 They become habituated. 464 00:19:36,275 --> 00:19:39,145 So, you know, you've got to move that around. 465 00:19:39,145 --> 00:19:40,379 But I'm with you. 466 00:19:40,379 --> 00:19:42,882 If you're having mechanical troubles like that that are not 467 00:19:42,882 --> 00:19:45,484 working, you know, I would re-examine my technique. 468 00:19:45,484 --> 00:19:46,485 (Mike)   You need some engineering. 469 00:19:46,485 --> 00:19:49,422 You may just need somebody with some engineering experience to 470 00:19:49,422 --> 00:19:53,059 approve of that mechanical exclusion method. 471 00:19:53,059 --> 00:19:55,061 Alright, there you have it, Miss Elizabeth. 472 00:19:55,061 --> 00:19:56,062 Here's our next question. 473 00:19:56,062 --> 00:19:58,064 While pulling up weeds in my yard, 474 00:19:58,064 --> 00:20:00,166 I discovered several grub worms. 475 00:20:00,166 --> 00:20:04,203 What do you recommend   I use to get rid of them? 476 00:20:04,203 --> 00:20:05,204 A mole. 477 00:20:05,204 --> 00:20:06,205 Ah, how about that? 478 00:20:06,205 --> 00:20:08,507 We were waiting for that one. 479 00:20:08,507 --> 00:20:10,843 I saw the look on your face. 480 00:20:10,843 --> 00:20:13,779 It has environmentally sustainable 481 00:20:13,779 --> 00:20:14,914 gardening techniques. 482 00:20:14,914 --> 00:20:20,453 Actually, there are several I pulled from the Red Book 2015. 483 00:20:20,453 --> 00:20:22,988 The page that gives the control methods. 484 00:20:22,988 --> 00:20:24,590 And one of the first.. 485 00:20:24,590 --> 00:20:28,194 Actually the first thing on the list is something we've been 486 00:20:28,194 --> 00:20:31,764 using for years and years and years to control grub worms. 487 00:20:31,764 --> 00:20:32,765 And that's Carbaryl. 488 00:20:32,765 --> 00:20:36,001 Garden granules, two percent granules will do a good job. 489 00:20:36,001 --> 00:20:37,303 They're easy to kill. 490 00:20:37,303 --> 00:20:39,572 You know, they come out at night. 491 00:20:39,572 --> 00:20:42,808 If you scatter the pesticide out on the lawn at, 492 00:20:42,808 --> 00:20:44,810 you know, late afternoon, you know, 493 00:20:44,810 --> 00:20:47,646 you'll actually see the dead grubs on the surface 494 00:20:47,646 --> 00:20:48,647 of the ground. 495 00:20:48,647 --> 00:20:49,648 But there are others. 496 00:20:49,648 --> 00:20:53,285 GrubEx. 497 00:20:53,285 --> 00:20:55,287 Maxzide is a product. 498 00:20:55,287 --> 00:21:01,127 Bayer Advance 24 hour grub killer. 499 00:21:01,127 --> 00:21:03,329 Those are the ones that are listed to control both the 500 00:21:03,329 --> 00:21:07,867 larvae of the green june beetles and the larvae of the may 501 00:21:07,867 --> 00:21:11,137 beetles, chafers, Japanese beetle. 502 00:21:11,137 --> 00:21:12,438 I can't tell them apart. 503 00:21:12,438 --> 00:21:14,507 White grubs are all the larvae of all 504 00:21:14,507 --> 00:21:16,242 of these different beetles. 505 00:21:16,242 --> 00:21:18,244 Well, two things to throw in there. 506 00:21:18,244 --> 00:21:20,246 The grubs are actually larva beetles. 507 00:21:20,246 --> 00:21:22,248 They grow to something later that is some 508 00:21:22,248 --> 00:21:23,249 which can be beneficial. 509 00:21:23,249 --> 00:21:26,051 Also, before you apply pesticides, 510 00:21:26,051 --> 00:21:28,053 I'd see if they're doing any harm. 511 00:21:28,053 --> 00:21:30,055 You know, are you concerned that they're there or you're 512 00:21:30,055 --> 00:21:32,691 concerned that you're seeing a decline in your vegetables 513 00:21:32,691 --> 00:21:33,893 or your garden. 514 00:21:33,893 --> 00:21:37,797 (Chris)   That's a good point. 515 00:21:37,797 --> 00:21:39,798 They're probably in every body's yard. 516 00:21:39,798 --> 00:21:44,770 And honestly, I can only think of a couple of times in my 517 00:21:44,770 --> 00:21:46,872 career where I've seen enough damage 518 00:21:46,872 --> 00:21:48,874 that I would recommend treating. 519 00:21:48,874 --> 00:21:51,110 I saw it in a farmer's pasture one time and they were 520 00:21:51,110 --> 00:21:53,913 completely killing his Bermuda grass. 521 00:21:53,913 --> 00:21:57,383 And most of the time -- most of the time, 522 00:21:57,383 --> 00:21:59,385 you can live with the damage that they create. 523 00:21:59,385 --> 00:22:00,386 Okay. 524 00:22:00,386 --> 00:22:01,387 Alright. 525 00:22:01,387 --> 00:22:02,388 So, here's our next question. 526 00:22:02,388 --> 00:22:06,525 Are ants harmful in   a vegetable garden? 527 00:22:08,527 --> 00:22:09,762 As he takes off his glasses. 528 00:22:09,762 --> 00:22:12,298 There are a couple of schools of thought. 529 00:22:12,298 --> 00:22:16,635 You know, earlier we were looking at some aphids 530 00:22:16,635 --> 00:22:17,736 on tomatoes. 531 00:22:17,736 --> 00:22:19,038 And ants like aphids. 532 00:22:19,038 --> 00:22:20,139 Aphids secrete honeydew. 533 00:22:20,139 --> 00:22:22,141 It's kind of a sweet, sticky substance. 534 00:22:22,141 --> 00:22:24,543 And ants will actually kind of protect those aphids. 535 00:22:24,543 --> 00:22:32,117 And ants are omnivorous, which means they can be carnivorous 536 00:22:32,117 --> 00:22:34,119 but they're omnivorous. 537 00:22:34,119 --> 00:22:38,123 They eat both plant material and, 538 00:22:38,123 --> 00:22:40,259 uh, other insects. 539 00:22:40,259 --> 00:22:43,229 So, if they're eating an insect, they're beneficial and you're 540 00:22:43,229 --> 00:22:45,231 probably okay to leave them there. 541 00:22:45,231 --> 00:22:50,703 If they're eating on plant material like okra, tomatoes.. 542 00:22:50,703 --> 00:22:55,474 Fire ants are maybe an example that can be beneficial. 543 00:22:55,474 --> 00:22:57,876 But if there are so many out there that they're bothering you 544 00:22:57,876 --> 00:22:59,912 when you're picking peas, you know, 545 00:22:59,912 --> 00:23:01,080 then they're not beneficial. 546 00:23:01,080 --> 00:23:06,252 So, there are some products that you can use some of the baits. 547 00:23:06,252 --> 00:23:10,022 If they're bothering you and you want to get rid of them -- yes, 548 00:23:10,022 --> 00:23:13,425 you can kill them and there are products that are labeled for 549 00:23:13,425 --> 00:23:14,560 use in home gardens. 550 00:23:14,560 --> 00:23:17,963 But I would wait and try to determine whether or not they're 551 00:23:17,963 --> 00:23:19,598 doing you more harm than good. 552 00:23:19,598 --> 00:23:21,600 They may be doing you more good than harm. 553 00:23:21,600 --> 00:23:23,602 And if that's the case, leave them be. 554 00:23:23,602 --> 00:23:25,704 Alright, here's our next question. 555 00:23:25,704 --> 00:23:26,839 This is a good one. 556 00:23:26,839 --> 00:23:31,677 Does the soil lab you   often speak of test for lead? 557 00:23:31,677 --> 00:23:32,811 Mister D? 558 00:23:32,811 --> 00:23:33,812 No. 559 00:23:33,812 --> 00:23:34,813 It does not. 560 00:23:34,813 --> 00:23:35,814 Absolutely not. 561 00:23:35,814 --> 00:23:39,351 UT Soil Test Lab checks for nutrients that plants need. 562 00:23:39,351 --> 00:23:43,555 And if you want to have an analysis done for lead, 563 00:23:43,555 --> 00:23:46,725 you'll need to go with one of the private labs around like 564 00:23:46,725 --> 00:23:48,060 A and L lab in Memphis. 565 00:23:48,060 --> 00:23:51,297 That's the one that's local that I'm aware of. 566 00:23:51,297 --> 00:23:55,034 But there are other labs around that will specifically test for 567 00:23:55,034 --> 00:23:56,802 what you ask them to test for. 568 00:23:56,802 --> 00:23:58,804 It'll be more than four dollars a sample. 569 00:23:58,804 --> 00:24:01,941 They use techniques that have really low detection limits in 570 00:24:01,941 --> 00:24:05,377 case you were interested in lower levels of lead 571 00:24:05,377 --> 00:24:06,912 than you would nutrients. 572 00:24:06,912 --> 00:24:10,215 And so, there's a lot of higher costs that go in to that. 573 00:24:10,215 --> 00:24:13,619 Not only the equipment but also to prevent cross-contamination 574 00:24:13,619 --> 00:24:15,754 because lead is so ubiquitous. 575 00:24:15,754 --> 00:24:18,691 A few years ago we did some gardens in urban areas. 576 00:24:18,691 --> 00:24:20,359 And we checked the soil. 577 00:24:20,359 --> 00:24:23,529 And it's kind of surprising. 578 00:24:23,529 --> 00:24:26,432 Most of the pHs of the soil was high because there was so much 579 00:24:26,432 --> 00:24:31,303 white gravel around and the limestone had raised the pH. 580 00:24:31,303 --> 00:24:35,341 But there was other analysis done and almost all of them, 581 00:24:35,341 --> 00:24:37,343 because they were old houses around, 582 00:24:37,343 --> 00:24:39,712 almost all of them had fairly high levels of lead. 583 00:24:39,712 --> 00:24:42,614 Or I say high levels of lead. 584 00:24:42,614 --> 00:24:45,884 Just the presence of the lead paint.. 585 00:24:45,884 --> 00:24:50,723 You know, parts per billion. 586 00:24:50,723 --> 00:24:52,825 Alright, Andy, Mister D, we're out of time. 587 00:24:52,825 --> 00:24:53,359 Thanks. 588 00:24:53,359 --> 00:24:55,394 Thank you. 589 00:24:55,394 --> 00:24:58,664 (Chris)   Remember, we love   to hear from you. 590 00:24:58,664 --> 00:25:02,835 Send us a letter or an e-mail   with your gardening questions. 591 00:25:02,835 --> 00:25:04,970 Send your e-mail to   Familyplot@wkno.org. 592 00:25:07,806 --> 00:25:10,309 The mailing address is:   Family Plot 593 00:25:10,309 --> 00:25:16,315 7151 Cherry Farms road,   Cordova, Tennessee 38016. 594 00:25:19,218 --> 00:25:21,220 That's all we have time for today. 595 00:25:21,220 --> 00:25:22,221 Thanks for watching. 596 00:25:22,221 --> 00:25:23,222 I'm Chris Cooper. 597 00:25:23,222 --> 00:25:25,224 Be sure to join us next time for 598 00:25:25,224 --> 00:25:26,458 "The Family Plot: Gardening in the Mid-South." 599 00:25:26,458 --> 00:25:28,293 Be safe. 600 00:25:28,293 --> 00:25:56,221 [theme music] 601 00:25:56,221 --> 00:25:57,790 (female announcer)   Production funding for.. 602 00:25:57,790 --> 00:26:01,193 "The Family 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