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PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN ANNOUNCED

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THAT MERCK WILL HELP MANUFACTURE

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THE JOHNSON & JOHNSON VACCINE

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WHICH MEANS PRODUCTION COULD BE

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MONTHS AHEAD OF SCHEDULE.

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TAKE A LOOK...

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>> THIS COUNTRY WILL HAVE ENOUGH

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VACCINE SUPPLY I WILL SAY IT

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AGAIN FOR EVERY ADULT IN AMERICA

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BY THE END OF MAY.

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>> AND HERE TO TALK ABOUT THE

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NEW VACCINE AND WHAT IS MEANS IS

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Dr. ROBERT MURPHY DIRECTOR OF

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THE INSTITUTE FOR GLOBAL HEALTH

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AT NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY'S

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FEINBERG SCHOOL OF MEDICINE.

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WELCOME BACK Dr. MURPHY.

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IF THERE ARE ENOUGH VACCINES FOR

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EVERY ADULT AVAILABLE BY THE END

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OF MAY COULD THAT MEAN WE COULD

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HAVE A NORMAL SUMMER PEOPLE AT

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CONCERTS AND BASEBALL GAMES?

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>> NO.

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SORRY.

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SORRY TO DISAPPOINT YOU.

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HAVING ENOUGH VACCINE DOESN'T

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MEAN THEY ARE IN THE ARM OF THE

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PEOPLE.

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AND REMEMBER MOST OF THE

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VACCINES EXCEPT FOR THE J AND J

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VACCINE REQUIRE TWO DOSES IF

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THEY ALL COME OUT IN MAY WHICH

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IS FANTASTIC AND AHEAD OF

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SCHEDULE IT WILL TAKE TWO OR

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THREE MONTHS TO ADMINISTER

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THOSE.

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AND DURING THAT TIME WE WILL SEE

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HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE GOING TO

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REMAIN BEING HESITANT IN TAKING

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THE VACCINE.

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SO WE'RE GOING TO GO FROM NOT

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HAVING ENOUGH VACCINE TO HAVING

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TOO MUCH VACCINE AND NOT ENOUGH

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PEOPLE.

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>> OF COURSE, SHOULD PEOPLE

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CONTINUE TO MASK UP EVEN AFTER

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BEING VACCINATED AND AT WHAT

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POINT IS ENOUGH OF THE

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POPULATION VACCINATED THAT MAYBE

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WE START TO LOOSEN RESTRICTION

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ON MASKS?

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>> THE CDC WAS SUPPOSEDLY COMING

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OUT TODAY WITH GUIDELINES TO

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ANSWER THIS QUESTION.

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I THINK WHAT WILL HAPPEN IS IT'S

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GOING TO GO IN STAGES.

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WE ARE NOT IN CONTROL OF THE

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PANDEMIC, WE ARE HAVING A

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THOUSAND DEATHS A DAY AND CASES

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PER DAY.

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SO IT'S NOT CONTROLLED YET.

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BUT THERE WILL BE A BIG ENOUGH

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POOL THAT HAVE TAKEN THE JOHNSON

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& JOHNSON ONE SHOT VACCINE OR

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TWO MODERNA OR PFIZER VACCINES,

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I THINK WHAT YOU WILL SEE IS

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RECOMMENDATIONS THAT SAY GROUPS

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THAT EVERYBODY HAS BEEN

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VACCINATED CAN GET TOGETHER.

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SO IT'S GOING TO BE I CALL IT

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V-O.

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VACCINATED ONLY IT'S GOING TO BE

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VACCINATED ONLY EVENTS.

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AND GATHERINGS.

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THAT WILL COME FIRST BEFORE WE

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REACH HERD IMMUNITY.

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THE QUESTION IS:  WHAT

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PROPORTION OF THE POPULATION HAS

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TO BE VACCINATED BEFORE WE GET

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TO HERD IMMUNITY?

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WE DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER IT

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COULD BE FROM 60-90%.

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IT'S PROBABLY ON THE HIGHER SIDE

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MAYBE 80-90% AND NOW WE HAVE THE

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NEW VARIANT WHICH IS MORE

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CONTAGIOUS.

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WHEN WE GET TO THAT POINT THAT

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IS WHEN THINGS WILL BE ABLE TO

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OPEN UP.

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>> WITH MORE VACCINES ON THE

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WAY, SHOULD CHICAGO CONTINUE

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WITH ITS PHASED ROLL OUT?

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OR SHOULD IT OPEN UP THE VACCINE

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TO A LOT MORE PEOPLE A LOT MORE

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QUICKLY?

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>> IT IS GOING TO OPEN UP TO

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MORE PEOPLE AND QUICKLY.

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BECAUSE THE NUMBERS THE AMOUNT

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OF VACCINE THAT IS ABLE TO BE

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DISTRIBUTED IS INCREASING ALMOST

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BY THE DAY.

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WE ARE NOT THERE YET.

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SO IF THEY OPENED IT UP TO

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EVERYBODY YOU WOULD HAVE THE

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ESSENTIAL PEOPLE AND PEOPLE AT

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RISK THAT WILL BE FIGHTING IN

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LINE TO GET THE VACCINE.

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WE'RE ALMOST THERE.

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SO THAT'S REALLY THE GOOD NEWS.

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IT WILL HAPPEN.

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IT'S GOING TO HAPPEN A LOT

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SOONER.

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LIKE WE SAID IF ALL THE VACCINES

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ARE MANUFACTURED BY MAY, YEAH,

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IT WILL BE WIDE OPEN.

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>> THE JOHNSON & JOHNSON VACCINE

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WAS APPROVED FOR EMERGENCY USE

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AS YOU'VE SAID AND STARTED GOING

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INTO ARMS THIS WEEK.

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A FEW DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THAT

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ONE AND THE PFIZER AND MODERNA

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VACCINES.

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THE PFIZER MODERNA ARE 95%

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EFFECTIVE BUT THE JOHNSON &

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JOHNSON IS A LITTLE BIT MORE

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NUANCED 72% EFFECTIVE IN THE

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U.S.

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SHOULD PEOPLE BE CONCERNED ABOUT

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THE DIFFERENCE?

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>> NO, THERE ARE A COUPLE

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REASONS.

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YOU LOOK AT THE JOHNSON &

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JOHNSON STUDY THAT INVOLVED

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44,000 PEOPLE.

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WHAT DID THEY FIND?

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NOBODY WENT TO THE HOSPITAL EVEN

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IF THEY GOT SICK INFECTED.

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NOBODY DIED.

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SO THE METRIC THE END POINT HAS

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CHANGED.

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NOW, IF YOU HAD PUT THAT VACCINE

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IN THE SAME DEVELOPMENT

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TIME-FRAME AS MODERNA AND

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PFIZER, WHO KNOWS WHAT THE

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ANSWER WOULD BE.

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IT MIGHT HAVE BEEN THE SAME.

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WE DON'T KNOW.

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WE CAN'T SAY ONE IS BETTER THAN

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THE OTHER BECAUSE OF THE TIMING

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OF THE CLINICAL STUDIES.

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I WOULD SAY WHATEVER YOU CAN GET

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TAKE.

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>> AND IF IT'S JUST ONE SHOT AS

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THE JOHNSON & JOHNSON VACCINE

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IS, VERSUS TWO, COULD THAT

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POTENTIALLY BUILD HERD IMMUNITY

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FASTER BECAUSE YOU DON'T HAVE

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THAT THREE-FOUR WEEK TIME

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BETWEEN DOSES?

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>> WELL, YES IT'S GOING TO

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OBVIOUSLY HELP BY ONE MONTH.

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BECAUSE THE OTHER ONES TAKE

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THREE OR WEEKS BEFORE YOU GET

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THE SECOND SHOT AND THE OTHER

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THING IT WILL DO IS OPEN UP

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VACCINATING PEOPLE WHO WILL HOME

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BOUND.

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BECAUSE IT IS A SAFE VACCINE IT

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IS A TECHNOLOGY WE HAVE HAD FOR

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A LONGTIME.

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AND IT DOESN'T HAVE OR THEY HAVE

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NOT REPORTED ANYWAY YET, THE

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KIND OF TOUGH SERIOUS SIDE

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EFFECTS OF THE OTHER TWO VACCINE

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PRODUCTS.

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SO IT'S GOING TO BE EASIER FOR A

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NURSE AIDE TO GO TO A HOME THAT

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CANNOT GET OUT AND GIVES THE

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VACCINE AND IT'S GOING TO BE

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SIMPLE.

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BECAUSE OF THOSE REASONS, I

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THINK WE COULD REACH HERD

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IMMUNITY FASTER.

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>> OF COURSE, THE VIRUS

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CONTINUES TO MUTATE AND SOME OF

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THE VARIANTS WE ARE LEARNING

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ABOUT MAY BE RESISTANT BUT THEY

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ARE MORE CONTAGIOUS.

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WILL PEOPLE NEED TO GET BOOSTER

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SHOTS FROM THE SAME VACCINE

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MANUFACTURER THAT THEY

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ORIGINALLY RECEIVED?

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>> THERE ARE TWO QUESTIONS.

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WILL THEY NEED TO GET BOOSTER

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SHOTS?

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I THINK THEY ARE GOING TO HAVE

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TO GET BOOSTER SHOTS AND THEY

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ARE REENGINEERING THE VACCINES

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AS WE SPEAK TO BE PROTECTIVE

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AGAINST THOSE PARTICULAR

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VARIANTS IT IS LIKE A NEW VIRUS.

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EVERY YEAR YOU DON'T DEATH THE

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SAME FLU VACCINE IT'S GEARED FOR

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THE FLU INFLUENZA VIRUS THAT IS

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COMING IN THE NEXT WAVE.

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SO WHEN THAT TIME COMES, WHERE

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THE VIRUS IS SO DIFFERENT WE

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NEED A BOOSTER, IT COULD BE

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ANYTHING.

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IT DOES NOT HAVE TO MATCHUP WITH

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THE VACCINE YOU HAD ORIGINALLY.

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>> THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

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RECEIVED EMERGENCY USE

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AUTHORIZATION FOR ITS SPIT TEST.

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HOW RELIABLE IS THIS NEW TEST?

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IT IS LESS INNOVATIVE OFSIVE BUT

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HOW RELIABLE IS IT COMPARED TO

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THE NASAL SWAB?

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>> YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT TWO

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THINGS.

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ONE IS THE SPECIMEN AND ONE IS

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THE TEST.

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THE TEST IS A PCR TEST THAT THEY

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DEVELOPED IN CHAMPAGNE AT THE

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UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS.

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AND IT IS A CHAIN REACTION TEST

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AND IT'S FANTASTIC.

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IT'S HIGH 90 SENSITIVITY AND

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100% SPECIFIC AND SO FORTH.

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SALIVA IS THE SAMPLE.

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SO YOU COULD DO A NASAL SWAB ON

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THAT AS SAY.

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YOU CAN DO ASALIVA THEY THOUGHT

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IT WOULD BE EASIER BECAUSE THEY

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ARE TESTING ALL THE STUDENTS

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TWICE A WEEK ON CAMPUS THERE.

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TO KEEP THE SCHOOL OPEN.

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SO THE SAMPLE IS NOT THE SALIVA

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IS A BETTER TEST.

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SALIVA IS AN EASIER SAMPLE FOR

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SOME PEOPLE TO GIVE.

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THE TEST IS THE TEST.

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YOU COULD SEND ANY SAMPLE THERE.

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>> JUST AS RELIABLE.