PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN ANNOUNCED

THAT MERCK WILL HELP MANUFACTURE

THE JOHNSON & JOHNSON VACCINE

WHICH MEANS PRODUCTION COULD BE

MONTHS AHEAD OF SCHEDULE.

TAKE A LOOK...

>> THIS COUNTRY WILL HAVE ENOUGH

VACCINE SUPPLY I WILL SAY IT

AGAIN FOR EVERY ADULT IN AMERICA

BY THE END OF MAY.

>> AND HERE TO TALK ABOUT THE

NEW VACCINE AND WHAT IS MEANS IS

Dr. ROBERT MURPHY DIRECTOR OF

THE INSTITUTE FOR GLOBAL HEALTH

AT NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY'S

FEINBERG SCHOOL OF MEDICINE.

WELCOME BACK Dr. MURPHY.

IF THERE ARE ENOUGH VACCINES FOR

EVERY ADULT AVAILABLE BY THE END

OF MAY COULD THAT MEAN WE COULD

HAVE A NORMAL SUMMER PEOPLE AT

CONCERTS AND BASEBALL GAMES?

>> NO.

SORRY.

SORRY TO DISAPPOINT YOU.

HAVING ENOUGH VACCINE DOESN'T

MEAN THEY ARE IN THE ARM OF THE

PEOPLE.

AND REMEMBER MOST OF THE

VACCINES EXCEPT FOR THE J AND J

VACCINE REQUIRE TWO DOSES IF

THEY ALL COME OUT IN MAY WHICH

IS FANTASTIC AND AHEAD OF

SCHEDULE IT WILL TAKE TWO OR

THREE MONTHS TO ADMINISTER

THOSE.

AND DURING THAT TIME WE WILL SEE

HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE GOING TO

REMAIN BEING HESITANT IN TAKING

THE VACCINE.

SO WE'RE GOING TO GO FROM NOT

HAVING ENOUGH VACCINE TO HAVING

TOO MUCH VACCINE AND NOT ENOUGH

PEOPLE.

>> OF COURSE, SHOULD PEOPLE

CONTINUE TO MASK UP EVEN AFTER

BEING VACCINATED AND AT WHAT

POINT IS ENOUGH OF THE

POPULATION VACCINATED THAT MAYBE

WE START TO LOOSEN RESTRICTION

ON MASKS?

>> THE CDC WAS SUPPOSEDLY COMING

OUT TODAY WITH GUIDELINES TO

ANSWER THIS QUESTION.

I THINK WHAT WILL HAPPEN IS IT'S

GOING TO GO IN STAGES.

WE ARE NOT IN CONTROL OF THE

PANDEMIC, WE ARE HAVING A

THOUSAND DEATHS A DAY AND CASES

PER DAY.

SO IT'S NOT CONTROLLED YET.

BUT THERE WILL BE A BIG ENOUGH

POOL THAT HAVE TAKEN THE JOHNSON

& JOHNSON ONE SHOT VACCINE OR

TWO MODERNA OR PFIZER VACCINES,

I THINK WHAT YOU WILL SEE IS

RECOMMENDATIONS THAT SAY GROUPS

THAT EVERYBODY HAS BEEN

VACCINATED CAN GET TOGETHER.

SO IT'S GOING TO BE I CALL IT

V-O.

VACCINATED ONLY IT'S GOING TO BE

VACCINATED ONLY EVENTS.

AND GATHERINGS.

THAT WILL COME FIRST BEFORE WE

REACH HERD IMMUNITY.

THE QUESTION IS: WHAT

PROPORTION OF THE POPULATION HAS

TO BE VACCINATED BEFORE WE GET

TO HERD IMMUNITY?

WE DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER IT

COULD BE FROM 60-90%.

IT'S PROBABLY ON THE HIGHER SIDE

MAYBE 80-90% AND NOW WE HAVE THE

NEW VARIANT WHICH IS MORE

CONTAGIOUS.

WHEN WE GET TO THAT POINT THAT

IS WHEN THINGS WILL BE ABLE TO

OPEN UP.

>> WITH MORE VACCINES ON THE

WAY, SHOULD CHICAGO CONTINUE

WITH ITS PHASED ROLL OUT?

OR SHOULD IT OPEN UP THE VACCINE

TO A LOT MORE PEOPLE A LOT MORE

QUICKLY?

>> IT IS GOING TO OPEN UP TO

MORE PEOPLE AND QUICKLY.

BECAUSE THE NUMBERS THE AMOUNT

OF VACCINE THAT IS ABLE TO BE

DISTRIBUTED IS INCREASING ALMOST

BY THE DAY.

WE ARE NOT THERE YET.

SO IF THEY OPENED IT UP TO

EVERYBODY YOU WOULD HAVE THE

ESSENTIAL PEOPLE AND PEOPLE AT

RISK THAT WILL BE FIGHTING IN

LINE TO GET THE VACCINE.

WE'RE ALMOST THERE.

SO THAT'S REALLY THE GOOD NEWS.

IT WILL HAPPEN.

IT'S GOING TO HAPPEN A LOT

SOONER.

LIKE WE SAID IF ALL THE VACCINES

ARE MANUFACTURED BY MAY, YEAH,

IT WILL BE WIDE OPEN.

>> THE JOHNSON & JOHNSON VACCINE

WAS APPROVED FOR EMERGENCY USE

AS YOU'VE SAID AND STARTED GOING

INTO ARMS THIS WEEK.

A FEW DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THAT

ONE AND THE PFIZER AND MODERNA

VACCINES.

THE PFIZER MODERNA ARE 95%

EFFECTIVE BUT THE JOHNSON &

JOHNSON IS A LITTLE BIT MORE

NUANCED 72% EFFECTIVE IN THE

U.S.

SHOULD PEOPLE BE CONCERNED ABOUT

THE DIFFERENCE?

>> NO, THERE ARE A COUPLE

REASONS.

YOU LOOK AT THE JOHNSON &

JOHNSON STUDY THAT INVOLVED

44,000 PEOPLE.

WHAT DID THEY FIND?

NOBODY WENT TO THE HOSPITAL EVEN

IF THEY GOT SICK INFECTED.

NOBODY DIED.

SO THE METRIC THE END POINT HAS

CHANGED.

NOW, IF YOU HAD PUT THAT VACCINE

IN THE SAME DEVELOPMENT

TIME-FRAME AS MODERNA AND

PFIZER, WHO KNOWS WHAT THE

ANSWER WOULD BE.

IT MIGHT HAVE BEEN THE SAME.

WE DON'T KNOW.

WE CAN'T SAY ONE IS BETTER THAN

THE OTHER BECAUSE OF THE TIMING

OF THE CLINICAL STUDIES.

I WOULD SAY WHATEVER YOU CAN GET

TAKE.

>> AND IF IT'S JUST ONE SHOT AS

THE JOHNSON & JOHNSON VACCINE

IS, VERSUS TWO, COULD THAT

POTENTIALLY BUILD HERD IMMUNITY

FASTER BECAUSE YOU DON'T HAVE

THAT THREE-FOUR WEEK TIME

BETWEEN DOSES?

>> WELL, YES IT'S GOING TO

OBVIOUSLY HELP BY ONE MONTH.

BECAUSE THE OTHER ONES TAKE

THREE OR WEEKS BEFORE YOU GET

THE SECOND SHOT AND THE OTHER

THING IT WILL DO IS OPEN UP

VACCINATING PEOPLE WHO WILL HOME

BOUND.

BECAUSE IT IS A SAFE VACCINE IT

IS A TECHNOLOGY WE HAVE HAD FOR

A LONGTIME.

AND IT DOESN'T HAVE OR THEY HAVE

NOT REPORTED ANYWAY YET, THE

KIND OF TOUGH SERIOUS SIDE

EFFECTS OF THE OTHER TWO VACCINE

PRODUCTS.

SO IT'S GOING TO BE EASIER FOR A

NURSE AIDE TO GO TO A HOME THAT

CANNOT GET OUT AND GIVES THE

VACCINE AND IT'S GOING TO BE

SIMPLE.

BECAUSE OF THOSE REASONS, I

THINK WE COULD REACH HERD

IMMUNITY FASTER.

>> OF COURSE, THE VIRUS

CONTINUES TO MUTATE AND SOME OF

THE VARIANTS WE ARE LEARNING

ABOUT MAY BE RESISTANT BUT THEY

ARE MORE CONTAGIOUS.

WILL PEOPLE NEED TO GET BOOSTER

SHOTS FROM THE SAME VACCINE

MANUFACTURER THAT THEY

ORIGINALLY RECEIVED?

>> THERE ARE TWO QUESTIONS.

WILL THEY NEED TO GET BOOSTER

SHOTS?

I THINK THEY ARE GOING TO HAVE

TO GET BOOSTER SHOTS AND THEY

ARE REENGINEERING THE VACCINES

AS WE SPEAK TO BE PROTECTIVE

AGAINST THOSE PARTICULAR

VARIANTS IT IS LIKE A NEW VIRUS.

EVERY YEAR YOU DON'T DEATH THE

SAME FLU VACCINE IT'S GEARED FOR

THE FLU INFLUENZA VIRUS THAT IS

COMING IN THE NEXT WAVE.

SO WHEN THAT TIME COMES, WHERE

THE VIRUS IS SO DIFFERENT WE

NEED A BOOSTER, IT COULD BE

ANYTHING.

IT DOES NOT HAVE TO MATCHUP WITH

THE VACCINE YOU HAD ORIGINALLY.

>> THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

RECEIVED EMERGENCY USE

AUTHORIZATION FOR ITS SPIT TEST.

HOW RELIABLE IS THIS NEW TEST?

IT IS LESS INNOVATIVE OFSIVE BUT

HOW RELIABLE IS IT COMPARED TO

THE NASAL SWAB?

>> YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT TWO

THINGS.

ONE IS THE SPECIMEN AND ONE IS

THE TEST.

THE TEST IS A PCR TEST THAT THEY

DEVELOPED IN CHAMPAGNE AT THE

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS.

AND IT IS A CHAIN REACTION TEST

AND IT'S FANTASTIC.

IT'S HIGH 90 SENSITIVITY AND

100% SPECIFIC AND SO FORTH.

SALIVA IS THE SAMPLE.

SO YOU COULD DO A NASAL SWAB ON

THAT AS SAY.

YOU CAN DO ASALIVA THEY THOUGHT

IT WOULD BE EASIER BECAUSE THEY

ARE TESTING ALL THE STUDENTS

TWICE A WEEK ON CAMPUS THERE.

TO KEEP THE SCHOOL OPEN.

SO THE SAMPLE IS NOT THE SALIVA

IS A BETTER TEST.

SALIVA IS AN EASIER SAMPLE FOR

SOME PEOPLE TO GIVE.

THE TEST IS THE TEST.

YOU COULD SEND ANY SAMPLE THERE.

>> JUST AS RELIABLE.