PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN ANNOUNCED
THAT MERCK WILL HELP MANUFACTURE
THE JOHNSON & JOHNSON VACCINE
WHICH MEANS PRODUCTION COULD BE
MONTHS AHEAD OF SCHEDULE.
TAKE A LOOK...
>> THIS COUNTRY WILL HAVE ENOUGH
VACCINE SUPPLY I WILL SAY IT
AGAIN FOR EVERY ADULT IN AMERICA
BY THE END OF MAY.
>> AND HERE TO TALK ABOUT THE
NEW VACCINE AND WHAT IS MEANS IS
Dr. ROBERT MURPHY DIRECTOR OF
THE INSTITUTE FOR GLOBAL HEALTH
AT NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY'S
FEINBERG SCHOOL OF MEDICINE.
WELCOME BACK Dr. MURPHY.
IF THERE ARE ENOUGH VACCINES FOR
EVERY ADULT AVAILABLE BY THE END
OF MAY COULD THAT MEAN WE COULD
HAVE A NORMAL SUMMER PEOPLE AT
CONCERTS AND BASEBALL GAMES?
>> NO.
SORRY.
SORRY TO DISAPPOINT YOU.
HAVING ENOUGH VACCINE DOESN'T
MEAN THEY ARE IN THE ARM OF THE
PEOPLE.
AND REMEMBER MOST OF THE
VACCINES EXCEPT FOR THE J AND J
VACCINE REQUIRE TWO DOSES IF
THEY ALL COME OUT IN MAY WHICH
IS FANTASTIC AND AHEAD OF
SCHEDULE IT WILL TAKE TWO OR
THREE MONTHS TO ADMINISTER
THOSE.
AND DURING THAT TIME WE WILL SEE
HOW MANY PEOPLE ARE GOING TO
REMAIN BEING HESITANT IN TAKING
THE VACCINE.
SO WE'RE GOING TO GO FROM NOT
HAVING ENOUGH VACCINE TO HAVING
TOO MUCH VACCINE AND NOT ENOUGH
PEOPLE.
>> OF COURSE, SHOULD PEOPLE
CONTINUE TO MASK UP EVEN AFTER
BEING VACCINATED AND AT WHAT
POINT IS ENOUGH OF THE
POPULATION VACCINATED THAT MAYBE
WE START TO LOOSEN RESTRICTION
ON MASKS?
>> THE CDC WAS SUPPOSEDLY COMING
OUT TODAY WITH GUIDELINES TO
ANSWER THIS QUESTION.
I THINK WHAT WILL HAPPEN IS IT'S
GOING TO GO IN STAGES.
WE ARE NOT IN CONTROL OF THE
PANDEMIC, WE ARE HAVING A
THOUSAND DEATHS A DAY AND CASES
PER DAY.
SO IT'S NOT CONTROLLED YET.
BUT THERE WILL BE A BIG ENOUGH
POOL THAT HAVE TAKEN THE JOHNSON
& JOHNSON ONE SHOT VACCINE OR
TWO MODERNA OR PFIZER VACCINES,
I THINK WHAT YOU WILL SEE IS
RECOMMENDATIONS THAT SAY GROUPS
THAT EVERYBODY HAS BEEN
VACCINATED CAN GET TOGETHER.
SO IT'S GOING TO BE I CALL IT
V-O.
VACCINATED ONLY IT'S GOING TO BE
VACCINATED ONLY EVENTS.
AND GATHERINGS.
THAT WILL COME FIRST BEFORE WE
REACH HERD IMMUNITY.
THE QUESTION IS: WHAT
PROPORTION OF THE POPULATION HAS
TO BE VACCINATED BEFORE WE GET
TO HERD IMMUNITY?
WE DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER IT
COULD BE FROM 60-90%.
IT'S PROBABLY ON THE HIGHER SIDE
MAYBE 80-90% AND NOW WE HAVE THE
NEW VARIANT WHICH IS MORE
CONTAGIOUS.
WHEN WE GET TO THAT POINT THAT
IS WHEN THINGS WILL BE ABLE TO
OPEN UP.
>> WITH MORE VACCINES ON THE
WAY, SHOULD CHICAGO CONTINUE
WITH ITS PHASED ROLL OUT?
OR SHOULD IT OPEN UP THE VACCINE
TO A LOT MORE PEOPLE A LOT MORE
QUICKLY?
>> IT IS GOING TO OPEN UP TO
MORE PEOPLE AND QUICKLY.
BECAUSE THE NUMBERS THE AMOUNT
OF VACCINE THAT IS ABLE TO BE
DISTRIBUTED IS INCREASING ALMOST
BY THE DAY.
WE ARE NOT THERE YET.
SO IF THEY OPENED IT UP TO
EVERYBODY YOU WOULD HAVE THE
ESSENTIAL PEOPLE AND PEOPLE AT
RISK THAT WILL BE FIGHTING IN
LINE TO GET THE VACCINE.
WE'RE ALMOST THERE.
SO THAT'S REALLY THE GOOD NEWS.
IT WILL HAPPEN.
IT'S GOING TO HAPPEN A LOT
SOONER.
LIKE WE SAID IF ALL THE VACCINES
ARE MANUFACTURED BY MAY, YEAH,
IT WILL BE WIDE OPEN.
>> THE JOHNSON & JOHNSON VACCINE
WAS APPROVED FOR EMERGENCY USE
AS YOU'VE SAID AND STARTED GOING
INTO ARMS THIS WEEK.
A FEW DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THAT
ONE AND THE PFIZER AND MODERNA
VACCINES.
THE PFIZER MODERNA ARE 95%
EFFECTIVE BUT THE JOHNSON &
JOHNSON IS A LITTLE BIT MORE
NUANCED 72% EFFECTIVE IN THE
U.S.
SHOULD PEOPLE BE CONCERNED ABOUT
THE DIFFERENCE?
>> NO, THERE ARE A COUPLE
REASONS.
YOU LOOK AT THE JOHNSON &
JOHNSON STUDY THAT INVOLVED
44,000 PEOPLE.
WHAT DID THEY FIND?
NOBODY WENT TO THE HOSPITAL EVEN
IF THEY GOT SICK INFECTED.
NOBODY DIED.
SO THE METRIC THE END POINT HAS
CHANGED.
NOW, IF YOU HAD PUT THAT VACCINE
IN THE SAME DEVELOPMENT
TIME-FRAME AS MODERNA AND
PFIZER, WHO KNOWS WHAT THE
ANSWER WOULD BE.
IT MIGHT HAVE BEEN THE SAME.
WE DON'T KNOW.
WE CAN'T SAY ONE IS BETTER THAN
THE OTHER BECAUSE OF THE TIMING
OF THE CLINICAL STUDIES.
I WOULD SAY WHATEVER YOU CAN GET
TAKE.
>> AND IF IT'S JUST ONE SHOT AS
THE JOHNSON & JOHNSON VACCINE
IS, VERSUS TWO, COULD THAT
POTENTIALLY BUILD HERD IMMUNITY
FASTER BECAUSE YOU DON'T HAVE
THAT THREE-FOUR WEEK TIME
BETWEEN DOSES?
>> WELL, YES IT'S GOING TO
OBVIOUSLY HELP BY ONE MONTH.
BECAUSE THE OTHER ONES TAKE
THREE OR WEEKS BEFORE YOU GET
THE SECOND SHOT AND THE OTHER
THING IT WILL DO IS OPEN UP
VACCINATING PEOPLE WHO WILL HOME
BOUND.
BECAUSE IT IS A SAFE VACCINE IT
IS A TECHNOLOGY WE HAVE HAD FOR
A LONGTIME.
AND IT DOESN'T HAVE OR THEY HAVE
NOT REPORTED ANYWAY YET, THE
KIND OF TOUGH SERIOUS SIDE
EFFECTS OF THE OTHER TWO VACCINE
PRODUCTS.
SO IT'S GOING TO BE EASIER FOR A
NURSE AIDE TO GO TO A HOME THAT
CANNOT GET OUT AND GIVES THE
VACCINE AND IT'S GOING TO BE
SIMPLE.
BECAUSE OF THOSE REASONS, I
THINK WE COULD REACH HERD
IMMUNITY FASTER.
>> OF COURSE, THE VIRUS
CONTINUES TO MUTATE AND SOME OF
THE VARIANTS WE ARE LEARNING
ABOUT MAY BE RESISTANT BUT THEY
ARE MORE CONTAGIOUS.
WILL PEOPLE NEED TO GET BOOSTER
SHOTS FROM THE SAME VACCINE
MANUFACTURER THAT THEY
ORIGINALLY RECEIVED?
>> THERE ARE TWO QUESTIONS.
WILL THEY NEED TO GET BOOSTER
SHOTS?
I THINK THEY ARE GOING TO HAVE
TO GET BOOSTER SHOTS AND THEY
ARE REENGINEERING THE VACCINES
AS WE SPEAK TO BE PROTECTIVE
AGAINST THOSE PARTICULAR
VARIANTS IT IS LIKE A NEW VIRUS.
EVERY YEAR YOU DON'T DEATH THE
SAME FLU VACCINE IT'S GEARED FOR
THE FLU INFLUENZA VIRUS THAT IS
COMING IN THE NEXT WAVE.
SO WHEN THAT TIME COMES, WHERE
THE VIRUS IS SO DIFFERENT WE
NEED A BOOSTER, IT COULD BE
ANYTHING.
IT DOES NOT HAVE TO MATCHUP WITH
THE VACCINE YOU HAD ORIGINALLY.
>> THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
RECEIVED EMERGENCY USE
AUTHORIZATION FOR ITS SPIT TEST.
HOW RELIABLE IS THIS NEW TEST?
IT IS LESS INNOVATIVE OFSIVE BUT
HOW RELIABLE IS IT COMPARED TO
THE NASAL SWAB?
>> YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT TWO
THINGS.
ONE IS THE SPECIMEN AND ONE IS
THE TEST.
THE TEST IS A PCR TEST THAT THEY
DEVELOPED IN CHAMPAGNE AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS.
AND IT IS A CHAIN REACTION TEST
AND IT'S FANTASTIC.
IT'S HIGH 90 SENSITIVITY AND
100% SPECIFIC AND SO FORTH.
SALIVA IS THE SAMPLE.
SO YOU COULD DO A NASAL SWAB ON
THAT AS SAY.
YOU CAN DO ASALIVA THEY THOUGHT
IT WOULD BE EASIER BECAUSE THEY
ARE TESTING ALL THE STUDENTS
TWICE A WEEK ON CAMPUS THERE.
TO KEEP THE SCHOOL OPEN.
SO THE SAMPLE IS NOT THE SALIVA
IS A BETTER TEST.
SALIVA IS AN EASIER SAMPLE FOR
SOME PEOPLE TO GIVE.
THE TEST IS THE TEST.
YOU COULD SEND ANY SAMPLE THERE.
>> JUST AS RELIABLE.