1
00:00:05,400 --> 00:00:10,466
THAT COULD BEGIN LATER THIS

2
00:00:06,566 --> 00:00:12,666
SUMMER.

3
00:00:07,933 --> 00:00:14,833
60 YEARS AGO FORTUNE MAGAZINE

4
00:00:10,466 --> 00:00:15,666
PUBLISHED A BOOK TITLED THE

5
00:00:12,666 --> 00:00:17,633
FABULOUS FUTURE, AMERICA IN

6
00:00:14,833 --> 00:00:19,500
1980.

7
00:00:15,666 --> 00:00:21,133
THEIR PREDICTIONS INCLUDING FREE

8
00:00:17,633 --> 00:00:23,800
ENERGY, BOOMING DESERTS AND

9
00:00:19,500 --> 00:00:25,566
WORLD PEACE AND EVEN THOUGH MANY

10
00:00:21,133 --> 00:00:26,333
HAVE NOT COME TRUE, THEY WERE

11
00:00:23,800 --> 00:00:29,266
STILL WRITTEN BY SOME GRAY

12
00:00:25,566 --> 00:00:31,366
THINKERS OF THE TIME.

13
00:00:26,333 --> 00:00:33,866
IN THE NEW BOOK, THE FABULOUS

14
00:00:29,266 --> 00:00:35,633
FUTURE, AMERICA ON AND THE WORLD

15
00:00:31,366 --> 00:00:36,133
THIS 2040 BOLD PREDICTIONS ARE

16
00:00:33,866 --> 00:00:38,466
MADE ABOUT LIFE 25 YOURS FROM

17
00:00:35,633 --> 00:00:40,866
NOW.

18
00:00:36,133 --> 00:00:43,566
HERE TO SHARE THEIR LATEST WORK

19
00:00:38,466 --> 00:00:44,966
ARE HUMANITIES PROFESSOR GARY

20
00:00:40,866 --> 00:00:45,366
SAUL MORSON AND NORTHWESTERN

21
00:00:43,566 --> 00:00:48,766
UNIVERSITY PRESIDENT MORTON

22
00:00:44,966 --> 00:00:50,666
SCHAPIRO.

23
00:00:45,366 --> 00:00:53,933
AND THANK YOU FOR BEING HERE.

24
00:00:48,766 --> 00:01:01,533
YOU BROUGHT A COPY OF THE ON

25
00:00:50,666 --> 00:01:03,266
MONEY 55 BOOK.

26
00:00:53,933 --> 00:01:04,066
-- OF THE 1955 BOOK.

27
00:01:01,533 --> 00:01:06,166
AND AS WE LOOK AT THE COVER OF

28
00:01:03,266 --> 00:01:08,766
THE BOOK.

29
00:01:04,066 --> 00:01:11,466
WHAT KIND OF BATTING AVERAGE DID

30
00:01:06,166 --> 00:01:12,800
THE CONTRIBUTORS HAVE?

31
00:01:08,766 --> 00:01:15,100
>> IT COULD HAVE BEEN BETTER.

32
00:01:11,466 --> 00:01:17,800
THESE ARE SOME THE SMARTEST

33
00:01:12,800 --> 00:01:19,566
PEOPLE IN THE WORLD AT THE TIME.

34
00:01:15,100 --> 00:01:21,566
AND THEY KEPT GETTING IT WRONG.

35
00:01:17,800 --> 00:01:23,600
>> WHEN YOU SAY IT COULD HAVE

36
00:01:19,566 --> 00:01:24,533
BEEN BETTER, IT WAS BAD, IN

37
00:01:21,566 --> 00:01:26,066
TERMS OF SOME OF THE THINGS THEY

38
00:01:23,600 --> 00:01:28,933
PREDICTED.

39
00:01:24,533 --> 00:01:30,800
GIVE US SOME EXAMPLES OF THE

40
00:01:26,066 --> 00:01:31,400
KINDS OF THINGS THEY PREDICT

41
00:01:28,933 --> 00:01:33,266
THAT WOULD COME TO BE IN 1 NINE

42
00:01:30,800 --> 00:01:33,833
8 HAVE.

43
00:01:31,400 --> 00:01:35,900
A LOT OF CONFIDENCE IN NUCLEAR

44
00:01:33,266 --> 00:01:38,800
POWER.

45
00:01:33,833 --> 00:01:41,733
THEY WERE ABSOLUTELY CONVINCED,

46
00:01:35,900 --> 00:01:43,266
ONE OF THE AUTHORS SAID BEYOND

47
00:01:38,800 --> 00:01:44,366
DOUBT, THAT OUR REFRIGERATORS OR

48
00:01:41,733 --> 00:01:47,466
AUTOMOBILES WILL HAVE NUCLEAR

49
00:01:43,266 --> 00:01:50,300
POWERED ENGINES IN THEM.

50
00:01:44,366 --> 00:01:51,400
THEY SAID WE WOULD DELIVER MAIL

51
00:01:47,466 --> 00:01:54,133
THROUGH INTER-CONTINENTAL

52
00:01:50,300 --> 00:01:57,466
MISSILES.

53
00:01:51,400 --> 00:02:00,700
>> IN COMING MAIL.

54
00:01:54,133 --> 00:02:03,966
>> AND I THINK WHAT WAS MUST

55
00:01:57,466 --> 00:02:05,033
AMAZING ARGUABLY THE SMARTEST

56
00:02:00,700 --> 00:02:07,633
PEOPLE, THEY KNEW A LOT ABOUT

57
00:02:03,966 --> 00:02:09,666
THEIR FIELDS.

58
00:02:05,033 --> 00:02:11,166
BUT THEY WROTE THIS IN 1955 AND

59
00:02:07,633 --> 00:02:12,366
IF YOU THINK ABOUT THE NEXT TEN

60
00:02:09,666 --> 00:02:14,166
OR FIVE TEENS YEARS AND THE

61
00:02:11,166 --> 00:02:15,700
WOMEN'S MOVEMENT AND CIVIL

62
00:02:12,366 --> 00:02:16,533
RIGHTS, THIS ENTIRE BOOK, THEY

63
00:02:14,166 --> 00:02:18,400
NEVER MENTIONED THE WORD WOMAN

64
00:02:15,700 --> 00:02:21,766
OR FEMALE.

65
00:02:16,533 --> 00:02:27,133
THEY NEVER MENTION

66
00:02:18,400 --> 00:02:27,500
AFRICAN-AMERICAN, NEGRO BLACK.

67
00:02:21,766 --> 00:02:30,600
THEY MENTION MINORITIES IN ONE

68
00:02:27,133 --> 00:02:33,433
SENTENCE.

69
00:02:27,500 --> 00:02:35,000
AND THAT IS IT.

70
00:02:30,600 --> 00:02:36,266
PROFESSOR MORSON, THEY PROJECTED

71
00:02:33,433 --> 00:02:36,833
INDIVIDUALS WOULD HAVE THEIR OWN

72
00:02:35,000 --> 00:02:39,033
HELICOPTERS AND A WORLD POLICE

73
00:02:36,266 --> 00:02:41,366
FORCE.

74
00:02:36,833 --> 00:02:42,766
WHAT DID THEY NOT FORESEE?

75
00:02:39,033 --> 00:02:45,533
>> THEY DIDN'T FORESEE THE

76
00:02:41,366 --> 00:02:50,466
INFORMATION REVOLUTION.

77
00:02:42,766 --> 00:02:55,966
AND THAT IS QUITE REMARKABLE

78
00:02:45,533 --> 00:02:58,200
BECAUSE ONE OF THE ARC TICKETS--

79
00:02:50,466 --> 00:03:01,300
ARCHITECTS WAS THE INVENTOR THE

80
00:02:55,966 --> 00:03:04,266
AN IMPORTANT NUCLEAR SIZS SIFT

81
00:02:58,200 --> 00:03:05,900
AND IDENTIFIED FOR HIS

82
00:03:01,300 --> 00:03:08,100
CONTRIBUTIONS TO PHYSICS.

83
00:03:04,266 --> 00:03:10,266
ATOMIC POWER WAS WHAT PEOPLE

84
00:03:05,900 --> 00:03:12,366
WERE REALLY CONCERNED WITH.

85
00:03:08,100 --> 00:03:13,800
THAT WAS THE FUTURE.

86
00:03:10,266 --> 00:03:14,166
EXPLOITING ENERGY SO THAT FOSSIL

87
00:03:12,366 --> 00:03:15,600
FUELS WOULDN'T BE NEEDED ANY

88
00:03:13,800 --> 00:03:17,133
MORE.

89
00:03:14,166 --> 00:03:19,933
A PREDICTION THAT ENERGY WOULD

90
00:03:15,600 --> 00:03:24,633
BE FREE, THERE WOULD BE SO MUCH

91
00:03:17,133 --> 00:03:26,433
OF IT YOU WOULDN'T METER IT.

92
00:03:19,933 --> 00:03:28,400
THEY FAILED PO SEE THE FALL OF

93
00:03:24,633 --> 00:03:31,233
THE SOVIET UNION.

94
00:03:26,433 --> 00:03:32,866
AND WHAT IS HAPPENING WITH

95
00:03:28,400 --> 00:03:36,033
ISLAM.

96
00:03:31,233 --> 00:03:37,800
AND POINTS FOR AWARENESS, BOTH

97
00:03:32,866 --> 00:03:39,966
OF YOU FLAT-OUT ACKNOWLEDGE YOUR

98
00:03:36,033 --> 00:03:42,800
GUESSES, THE GUESSES BY THE

99
00:03:37,800 --> 00:03:46,000
CONTRIBUTORS COULD VERY WELL

100
00:03:39,966 --> 00:03:48,400
LOOK AS ABSURD IN THE FUTURE.

101
00:03:42,800 --> 00:03:49,833
IT IS HUMBLEING TO WRITE A BOOK,

102
00:03:46,000 --> 00:03:52,966
WE HAD THIS IDEA, TO TEACH THIS

103
00:03:48,400 --> 00:03:54,300
COURSE TOGETHER, AND STUDENTS

104
00:03:49,833 --> 00:03:56,100
LIKE IT, AND THEY LIKE TO LAUGH

105
00:03:52,966 --> 00:03:57,100
AND OCCASIONALLY SOMETHING IS

106
00:03:54,300 --> 00:03:59,100
GOOD AND THEY GET EXCITED ABOUT

107
00:03:56,100 --> 00:04:03,600
IT.

108
00:03:57,100 --> 00:04:04,866
THEY SAID YOU SHOULD UPDATE THIS

109
00:03:59,100 --> 00:04:07,866
AND GET REALLY GREAT PEOPLE,

110
00:04:03,600 --> 00:04:09,866
ARIANNA HEAVYING TENNESSEE TO

111
00:04:04,866 --> 00:04:13,233
STALK ABOUT THE MEDIA AND FUTURE

112
00:04:07,866 --> 00:04:16,333
STATES AND SO WE DID.

113
00:04:09,866 --> 00:04:20,766
WE WERE VERY HUMBLED AS YOU SAW.

114
00:04:13,233 --> 00:04:24,800
HISTORY SUGGESTS... THIS ISED A

115
00:04:16,333 --> 00:04:26,866
LAY STEVENSON AND SKON MEANEY,

116
00:04:20,766 --> 00:04:28,133
NOT SECOND RIGHT MINDS.

117
00:04:24,800 --> 00:04:29,300
>> IT IS HARD TO BELIEVE THAT WE

118
00:04:26,866 --> 00:04:30,866
COULD DO ANY BETTER.

119
00:04:28,133 --> 00:04:34,800
LET'S GET SOME OF THE

120
00:04:29,300 --> 00:04:36,066
PREDICTIONS THAT ARE BEING MADE

121
00:04:30,866 --> 00:04:37,000
BY YOUR CONTRACT CONTRIBUTE

122
00:04:34,800 --> 00:04:38,800
FORS.

123
00:04:36,066 --> 00:04:41,566
DRIVERLESS CARS.

124
00:04:37,000 --> 00:04:44,066
THERE SEEMS TO BE EQUAL

125
00:04:38,800 --> 00:04:44,466
CONFIDENCE THAT CARS AND TRUCKS,

126
00:04:41,566 --> 00:04:45,966
A LARGE COMPONENT WITH THE

127
00:04:44,066 --> 00:04:46,800
DRIVERLESS.

128
00:04:44,466 --> 00:04:50,300
WHAT IS THE ARGUMENT BEHIND

129
00:04:45,966 --> 00:04:52,466
THAT?

130
00:04:46,800 --> 00:04:54,466
>> THERE IS A CHAPTER AHEAD OF

131
00:04:50,300 --> 00:04:55,100
IBM RESEARCH ON TECHNOLOGY AND

132
00:04:52,466 --> 00:04:56,666
REALLY INTERESTING ONE ON

133
00:04:54,466 --> 00:04:58,233
SCIENCE.

134
00:04:55,100 --> 00:04:59,733
TECHNOLOGY THAT ONE THINKS

135
00:04:56,666 --> 00:05:01,966
DRIVERLESS CARS AND A WHOLE

136
00:04:58,233 --> 00:05:04,033
BUNCH OF DIFFERENT INNOVATIONS

137
00:04:59,733 --> 00:05:07,200
WILL BE IN PLACE THIS 25 YEARS

138
00:05:01,966 --> 00:05:08,566
AND IT IS PROBABLY REASONABLE TO

139
00:05:04,033 --> 00:05:10,833
BELIEVE THAT.

140
00:05:07,200 --> 00:05:14,300
>> THEY ARE ALREADY DOING IT.

141
00:05:08,566 --> 00:05:15,700
THE REE PREDICTION IS FOR

142
00:05:10,833 --> 00:05:17,400
SOMETHING THAT ISN'T THERE.

143
00:05:14,300 --> 00:05:20,233
>> LET'S TALK ABOUT SOMETHING

144
00:05:15,700 --> 00:05:21,333
ELSE THAT IS NEAR AND DEAR TO

145
00:05:17,400 --> 00:05:24,433
MOST PEOPLE'S HEARTS AND THAT IS

146
00:05:20,233 --> 00:05:26,766
LIFE EXPECTANCY.

147
00:05:21,333 --> 00:05:29,333
THE PREDICTION IS SURPRISING.

148
00:05:24,433 --> 00:05:31,466
BECAUSE THAT IS THAT PEOPLE WILL

149
00:05:26,766 --> 00:05:33,200
NOT LIVE SIGNIFICANTLY LONGER.

150
00:05:29,333 --> 00:05:33,666
WHY IS THAT THE CASE WITH

151
00:05:31,466 --> 00:05:35,733
ASSIGNS AND IMMEDIATE AND AND

152
00:05:33,200 --> 00:05:38,066
DRUGS?

153
00:05:33,666 --> 00:05:39,900
>> EVEN SCARIER, IF THEY DO THE

154
00:05:35,733 --> 00:05:40,700
QUALITY OF LIFE, THE YEARS OF

155
00:05:38,066 --> 00:05:43,333
GOOD LIVING WILL NOT BE MUCH

156
00:05:39,900 --> 00:05:44,666
LONGER.

157
00:05:40,700 --> 00:05:47,466
SO THE INCREASED LIFE WILL BE

158
00:05:43,333 --> 00:05:49,700
INCREASED LIFE.

159
00:05:44,666 --> 00:05:50,933
THAT IS, YOU WILL BE IN NURSING

160
00:05:47,466 --> 00:05:53,333
HOMES OR BE ABLE TO FUNCTION,

161
00:05:49,700 --> 00:05:53,666
THAT IS DEPRESSING.

162
00:05:50,933 --> 00:05:55,533
IF IT'S LONGER IT WON'T BE GOOD

163
00:05:53,333 --> 00:05:58,200
LONGER.

164
00:05:53,666 --> 00:06:00,466
AND YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT MANY OF

165
00:05:55,533 --> 00:06:02,766
THE PREDICTIONS MADE IN THIS

166
00:05:58,200 --> 00:06:04,066
ADDITION ARE NOT AS OPTIMISTIC

167
00:06:00,466 --> 00:06:05,866
AS THE ONES IN 1955.

168
00:06:02,766 --> 00:06:07,033
WHY NOT?

169
00:06:04,066 --> 00:06:08,833
>> THEY CALL IT THE FABULOUS

170
00:06:05,866 --> 00:06:11,033
FUTURE.

171
00:06:07,033 --> 00:06:13,933
THEY DIDN'T HAVE A QUESTION

172
00:06:08,833 --> 00:06:14,966
MARK, WE ADDED A QUESTION MARK.

173
00:06:11,033 --> 00:06:16,700
THESE WERE VERY OPTIMISTIC

174
00:06:13,933 --> 00:06:17,633
PEOPLE, THEY TALKED ABOUT THE

175
00:06:14,966 --> 00:06:19,933
FUTURE OF HEALTH CARE AND THE

176
00:06:16,700 --> 00:06:21,766
POLITICAL FUTURE.

177
00:06:17,633 --> 00:06:23,500
YOU KNOW, FUTURE OF HUMAN RIGHT

178
00:06:19,933 --> 00:06:25,566
AND ECONOMIC GROWTH, AND SCIENCE

179
00:06:21,766 --> 00:06:26,466
AND TECHNOLOGY AND EVERYONE SAID

180
00:06:23,500 --> 00:06:30,100
BOY THIS IS REALLY A FABULOUS

181
00:06:25,566 --> 00:06:33,766
FUTURE.

182
00:06:26,466 --> 00:06:35,233
AND ONE OF THE CHAPTERS BY

183
00:06:30,100 --> 00:06:36,900
EILEEN CRIMMONS IS PROBABLY THE

184
00:06:33,766 --> 00:06:38,866
MOST DEPRESSING.

185
00:06:35,233 --> 00:06:41,100
THIS IDEA THAT WE MIGHT LIVE A

186
00:06:36,900 --> 00:06:43,200
LITTLE LONGER BUT OUR NUMBER OF

187
00:06:38,866 --> 00:06:43,866
HEALTHY YEARS IS GOING TO STAY

188
00:06:41,100 --> 00:06:45,000
ABOUT PROBABLY NOT GOING TO

189
00:06:43,200 --> 00:06:48,400
INCREASE AT ALL.

190
00:06:43,866 --> 00:06:49,966
THAT IS VERY SAD.

191
00:06:45,000 --> 00:06:51,333
A TERM IN THE BOOK THE PROFESSOR

192
00:06:48,400 --> 00:06:52,533
CALLED BLACK SWANS.

193
00:06:49,966 --> 00:06:54,633
WHAT IS A BLACK SWAN IN THE

194
00:06:51,333 --> 00:06:56,400
CONTEXT OF THIS BOOK?

195
00:06:52,533 --> 00:07:01,733
>> THAT MEANS AN EVENT THAT

196
00:06:54,633 --> 00:07:05,066
ISN'T LIKELY TO HAPPEN BUT IF IT

197
00:06:56,400 --> 00:07:06,866
DOES WILL CHANGE EVERYTHING.

198
00:07:01,733 --> 00:07:09,166
THESE ARE THE ONES THAT YOU WANT

199
00:07:05,066 --> 00:07:12,933
TO PREDICT AND YOU CAN'T.

200
00:07:06,866 --> 00:07:15,033
>> ONE THAT IS PARTICULARLY

201
00:07:09,166 --> 00:07:16,133
TERRIFYING, IT SAYS THAT IT

202
00:07:12,933 --> 00:07:17,900
POSES THE POSSIBILITY OF A

203
00:07:15,033 --> 00:07:20,066
SIMULTANEOUS DEATH NATION OF

204
00:07:16,133 --> 00:07:21,700
NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS IN FOUR

205
00:07:17,900 --> 00:07:23,266
AMERICAN CITIES, AND NEW YORK,

206
00:07:20,066 --> 00:07:24,366
WASHINGTON, CHICAGO AND HOUSTON.

207
00:07:21,700 --> 00:07:30,500
ELABORATE ON THAT AND WHAT THE

208
00:07:23,266 --> 00:07:32,066
BASIS OF THAT WAS?

209
00:07:24,366 --> 00:07:33,633
>> THE IDEA WAS THAT THAT WOULD

210
00:07:30,500 --> 00:07:34,533
BE THE WAY A UP FROM OF

211
00:07:32,066 --> 00:07:36,533
TERRORISTS COULD MOST DEMORALIZE

212
00:07:33,633 --> 00:07:38,600
THE POPULATION.

213
00:07:34,533 --> 00:07:41,166
NOT WITH JUST ONE ATTACK THAT

214
00:07:36,533 --> 00:07:44,033
PEOPLE COULD RESPOND TO BUT THE

215
00:07:38,600 --> 00:07:45,033
SENSE THERE WOULD BE SEVERAL ALL

216
00:07:41,166 --> 00:07:48,033
AT ONCE AND MAKE PEOPLE FEEL

217
00:07:44,033 --> 00:07:49,833
HELPLESS.

218
00:07:45,033 --> 00:07:51,866
AND SO, SINCE NUCLEAR WEAPONS,

219
00:07:48,033 --> 00:07:53,866
IT MIGHT BE POSSIBLE FOR

220
00:07:49,833 --> 00:07:54,900
TERRORIST TO GET AHOLD OF THEM

221
00:07:51,866 --> 00:07:56,433
AND DELIVER THEM WITHOUT A

222
00:07:53,866 --> 00:07:57,033
MISSILE ATTACK.

223
00:07:54,900 --> 00:07:59,700
WHAT WOULD YOU DO IF COULD YOU

224
00:07:56,433 --> 00:08:03,166
DO THAT?

225
00:07:57,033 --> 00:08:04,233
YOU MIGHT DO THIS, PUTTING

226
00:07:59,700 --> 00:08:05,400
HIMSELF IN THE MIND OF A

227
00:08:03,166 --> 00:08:07,366
TERRORIST AND WHAT THEY WOULD

228
00:08:04,233 --> 00:08:09,533
WANT TO DO.

229
00:08:05,400 --> 00:08:13,066
>> MOVING TO SOMETHING THAT

230
00:08:07,366 --> 00:08:16,133
RELATE MORE TO INDIVIDUALS,

231
00:08:09,533 --> 00:08:19,300
MORTON SCHAPIRO, ONE CONTRIBUTOR

232
00:08:13,066 --> 00:08:20,933
SAYS HE PREDICTS, I BELIEVE A

233
00:08:16,133 --> 00:08:22,266
HE, BRAIN SCANS THAT WILL IN

234
00:08:19,300 --> 00:08:22,633
ESSENCE BE ABLE TO READ YOUR

235
00:08:20,933 --> 00:08:27,800
MIND AND KNOW WHAT YOU ARE

236
00:08:22,266 --> 00:08:29,200
THINKING?

237
00:08:22,633 --> 00:08:32,300
>> THAT IS MARK RATNER, AND A

238
00:08:27,800 --> 00:08:33,666
BRILLIANT CHEMIST.

239
00:08:29,200 --> 00:08:35,033
HIS ESSAY WAS REALLY PRETTY MUCH

240
00:08:32,300 --> 00:08:38,233
OUT THERE.

241
00:08:33,666 --> 00:08:39,333
THE ON THE ONE, HE WAS CONFIDENT

242
00:08:35,033 --> 00:08:43,833
WE WILL DISCOVER WITHIN LIFE ON

243
00:08:38,233 --> 00:08:46,133
OTHER PLANETS.

244
00:08:39,333 --> 00:08:47,166
SO I'M AN ECONOMIST, SO AS

245
00:08:43,833 --> 00:08:49,066
RUSSIAN LITERATURE PROFESSOR, WE

246
00:08:46,133 --> 00:08:51,433
ARE READING THIS.

247
00:08:47,166 --> 00:08:53,633
A WORLD CLASS SCIENCIST.

248
00:08:49,066 --> 00:08:54,833
THAT WOULD BE A GAME CHANGER.

249
00:08:51,433 --> 00:08:55,466
WHAT DO YOUR CONTRIBUTORS SAY

250
00:08:53,633 --> 00:08:57,400
ABOUT AMERICA'S PLACE IN THE

251
00:08:54,833 --> 00:08:59,766
WORLD.

252
00:08:55,466 --> 00:09:00,266
THIS IS ONE OF THE REASONS I

253
00:08:57,400 --> 00:09:03,666
THINK THE BOOK IS MUCH LESS

254
00:08:59,766 --> 00:09:06,066
OPTIMISTIC.

255
00:09:00,266 --> 00:09:10,600
YOU THINK OF 1955 THE DOMINANT

256
00:09:03,666 --> 00:09:12,166
ROLE THE U.S. HAD AND IT LOOKS

257
00:09:06,066 --> 00:09:20,766
LIKE WHAT WE WANTED TO HAVE

258
00:09:10,600 --> 00:09:22,000
HAPPEN WE COULD MAKE HAPPEN.

259
00:09:12,166 --> 00:09:23,600
AND SINCE THAT IS NOT, OUR

260
00:09:20,766 --> 00:09:25,766
VALUES, WE ARE LESS AND LESS

261
00:09:22,000 --> 00:09:28,266
ABLE TO PROJECT OUR VALUES.

262
00:09:23,600 --> 00:09:29,733
ABOUT THE WORK IN THE AREA OF

263
00:09:25,766 --> 00:09:32,133
EDUCATION AND YOU WROTE THE

264
00:09:28,266 --> 00:09:33,933
CONTRIBUTION ON PREDICTING WHAT

265
00:09:29,733 --> 00:09:34,600
WILL HAPPEN IN THE WORLD OF

266
00:09:32,133 --> 00:09:35,933
EDUCATION.

267
00:09:33,933 --> 00:09:37,366
SUCH AS?

268
00:09:34,600 --> 00:09:39,600
I THINK THE KEY THING IS WHAT

269
00:09:35,933 --> 00:09:41,666
WILL HAPPEN TO THE RIGHT OF

270
00:09:37,366 --> 00:09:43,500
RETURN TO A COLLEGE DEGREE.

271
00:09:39,600 --> 00:09:47,033
A BAP ALREADIES AND WHEN I

272
00:09:41,666 --> 00:09:49,366
GRADUATED IN THE MID70s IT TOOK

273
00:09:43,500 --> 00:09:52,700
22 TO EARN ENOUGH MONEY TO PAY

274
00:09:47,033 --> 00:09:53,066
TUITION AND FEES, ROOM AND BOARD

275
00:09:49,366 --> 00:09:55,466
AND MONEY THAT YOU GAVE AWAY IN

276
00:09:52,700 --> 00:09:57,166
COLLEGE.

277
00:09:53,066 --> 00:09:59,100
NOW IT TAKES NINE YEARS.

278
00:09:55,466 --> 00:10:01,333
WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO THE

279
00:09:57,166 --> 00:10:04,500
OFFSHORING OF JOBS THAT DON'T

280
00:09:59,100 --> 00:10:05,466
REQUIRE COLLEGE DEGREES AND I

281
00:10:01,333 --> 00:10:07,333
THINK I ALONG WITH MANY ARE

282
00:10:04,500 --> 00:10:08,133
OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THAT.

283
00:10:05,466 --> 00:10:09,966
WE DO WORRY ABOUT WHAT WILL BE

284
00:10:07,333 --> 00:10:11,866
TAUGHT.

285
00:10:08,133 --> 00:10:12,766
MAYBE SAUL WILL SAY SOMETHING

286
00:10:09,966 --> 00:10:15,233
ABOUT THE FUTURE OF THE

287
00:10:11,866 --> 00:10:18,633
HUMANITIES.

288
00:10:12,766 --> 00:10:20,666
SUCH AN EMPHASIS ON STEM, ANYONE

289
00:10:15,233 --> 00:10:23,500
WHO IS AN ENGLISH MAJOR OR

290
00:10:18,633 --> 00:10:25,966
HISTORY, THAT PERSON IS DOING

291
00:10:20,666 --> 00:10:27,333
SOMETHING BY FOOLING THAT MAJOR.

292
00:10:23,500 --> 00:10:29,233
>> YOU HAVE TO ASK WHAT THE

293
00:10:25,966 --> 00:10:31,666
HUMANITIES ARE GOOD FOR AND ONE

294
00:10:27,333 --> 00:10:33,266
OF THE THINGS THEY ARE GOOD FOR

295
00:10:29,233 --> 00:10:34,900
IF PROPERLY TAUGHT IS TO PUT,

296
00:10:31,666 --> 00:10:36,133
THEY TEACH YOU TO PUT YOURSELF

297
00:10:33,266 --> 00:10:38,533
IN THE POSITION OF SOMEONE

298
00:10:34,900 --> 00:10:41,600
UNLIKE YOURSELF.

299
00:10:36,133 --> 00:10:45,566
YOU READ A GREAT NOVEL THAT

300
00:10:38,533 --> 00:10:45,966
HAYES YOU DO, YOU WITH A PERSON

301
00:10:41,600 --> 00:10:49,166
OF THE OPPOSITE SEX, A DIFFERENT

302
00:10:45,566 --> 00:10:51,200
NATIONALITY.

303
00:10:45,966 --> 00:10:52,566
YOU DO IT PAGE BY PAGE.

304
00:10:49,166 --> 00:10:55,266
THAT ABILITY TO EMFA THIGHS WITH

305
00:10:51,200 --> 00:10:58,566
DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW, THAT

306
00:10:52,566 --> 00:11:01,766
IS SORELY LACKING IN OUR

307
00:10:55,266 --> 00:11:03,533
CULTURE, AND YOU WILL NOT BE

308
00:10:58,566 --> 00:11:06,100
ABLE TO OVERCOME THAT, TO REALLY

309
00:11:01,766 --> 00:11:08,666
UNDERSTAND THAT PEOPLE SEE THE

310
00:11:03,533 --> 00:11:10,066
WORD DIFFERENTLY, BY STOP AND GO

311
00:11:06,100 --> 00:11:11,266
STEM SUBJECTS.

312
00:11:08,666 --> 00:11:12,833
PRESIDENT MORTON SCHAPIRO WHO DO

313
00:11:10,066 --> 00:11:14,666
YOU WANT PEOPLE TO TAKE AWAY

314
00:11:11,266 --> 00:11:16,433
FROM THE BOOK?

315
00:11:12,833 --> 00:11:19,233
>> THAT IT'S REALLY HARD TO

316
00:11:14,666 --> 00:11:20,566
PREDICT THE FUTURE.

317
00:11:16,433 --> 00:11:21,833
THE PRESIDENT OF HARVARD IN 1955

318
00:11:19,233 --> 00:11:24,533
SAID HIS BIGGEST WORRY ABOUT

319
00:11:20,566 --> 00:11:28,366
EDUCATION WAS ALL THAT WE WOULD

320
00:11:21,833 --> 00:11:28,933
DO IS TEACH SCIENCE AND NOT THE

321
00:11:24,533 --> 00:11:33,400
INTELLECTUAL CORE OF THE THAT

322
00:11:28,366 --> 00:11:36,100
MANITIES.

323
00:11:28,933 --> 00:11:38,433
EARL WARREN SAID HIS BIG WORRY

324
00:11:33,400 --> 00:11:41,066
WAS TO KEEP US SAFE FROM THE

325
00:11:36,100 --> 00:11:43,233
RUSSIANS, THE THREAT OF NUCLEAR

326
00:11:38,433 --> 00:11:46,500
POWER, AND SPUTNIK AND CUBAN

327
00:11:41,066 --> 00:11:48,500
MISSILE CRISIS, THAT WE WOULD BE

328
00:11:43,233 --> 00:11:49,900
WILLING TO GUT THE BILL OF RIGHT

329
00:11:46,500 --> 00:11:51,500
AND THAT IS WHAT WE ARE DOING

330
00:11:48,500 --> 00:11:54,100
NOW, SOME SAY.

331
00:11:49,900 --> 00:11:55,933
WHEN YOU PREDICT THE FUTURE, IT

332
00:11:51,500 --> 00:11:58,000
IS REALLY HUMBLING AND ONE THING

333
00:11:54,100 --> 00:12:00,700
WE SAID AT THE END THIS BECOME

334
00:11:55,933 --> 00:12:02,233
TONE TEACH YOU ABOUT HOW YOU GOT

335
00:11:58,000 --> 00:12:03,633
TO THE PRESENT IT TEACHES YOU

336
00:12:00,700 --> 00:12:05,266
ABOUT WHAT PEOPLE WERE THINKING

337
00:12:02,233 --> 00:12:06,200
ABOUT IN THE 50s.

338
00:12:03,633 --> 00:12:08,000
WHAT WERE THEIR GREATEST HOPES

339
00:12:05,266 --> 00:12:12,033
AND FEARS.

340
00:12:06,200 --> 00:12:15,933
AND IF YOU READ THIS BOOK, I