>> PRESIDENT OBAMA HAS SET THE
AREAS IN MOTION TO SELECT A
LOCATION FOR HIS PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARY.
MAYOR EMANUEL HAS ANNOUNCED HE
WANTS TO UNINEED CHICAGO BID TO
GET IT.
THIS IN THE FACE
OF LIKELY
COMPETITIONS FROM NEW YORK CITY
AND THE STATE OF
HAWAII.
HOW DID PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES
COME TO BE?
>> WHAT EXACTLY DO THEY
DO AND
DOES CHICAGO REALLY HAVE
THE
INSIDE TRACK?
HERE TO TALK
ABOUT THE
HISTORY
ABOUT PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES AND
ASSESS THE
CHANCES ARE MICHAEL
ALLEN, A PROFESSOR OF
HISTORY AT
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AND
SPECIAL LIESES
IZES
IN 20th CENTURY
MEMORY AND SCOTT
WALTER,
UNIVERSITY OF DePAUL
UNIVERSITY.
FIRST OF
ALL, HOW
DID
PRESIDENTIAL UNIVERSITIES COME
TO BE?
>> THEY WERE
CREATED BY FRANKLIN
ROOSEVELT IN
THE 1930'S
AND HE
THOUGHT HE WOULD CREATE A
MONUMENT
TO HIMSELF AND A
WAREHOUSE FOR RECORDS.
HE DIDN'T WANT TO SEE HIS
PAPERSTIVE SEED UP
TIVE
DIVIED
UP.
HE WANTED TO CREATE
A SHRINE TO
HIS MEMORY BUT ALSO THEN
DONATE
THAT T
O THE PUBLIC AND THE
PUBLIC WOULD ASSUME THE
COSTS
AFTER IT WAS FILLED.
>> THAT CONTINUED
TO THE STATE,
CORRECT?
>> THAT'S RIGHT.
THE.
>> THE PRESIDENTS AND FRIENDS
RAISED THE
MONEY FROM PRIVATE
SOURCES AND
DONORS AND
THE
GOVERNMENT
TAKES RESPONSIBILITY
FOR RUNNING
IT.
>> THE MANAGEMENT ASSUMES THE
COSTS
ASSOCIATED WITH THE
FACILITY.
>> SO SCOTT WALT,
WHAT IS THE
FUNCTION OF THE PRESSURE
LIBRARY?
>> THAT WE JUST HEARD, TO MAKE
SURE
THAT THE
PUBLIC
RETAINING
ENDURING ACCESS TO THE RECORD OF
THE MOST
IMPORTANT PUBLIC
OFFICIAL.
PRIOR TO THE PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARIES, THE MATERIALS MIGHT
HAVE BEEN
DISPERSED AND
PRIOR TO
THE PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS ACT
IN
1978, THE MATERIALS WERE
CONSIDERED TO BE PERSONAL
PAPERS.
AND SO IT BE WASN'T
ENSURED
WE
WOULD GET ACCESS TO
THEM.
NOW THE
LAW SAYS THAT
PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS ARE PUBLIC
RECORDS AND AS PUBLIC
RECORDS,
THEY ARE MAINTAINED IN THE
LIBRARIES TO MAKE SURE THAT
PEOPLE CAN HAVE ACCESS
TO THEM
AND UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF
THE GOVERNMENT AT THE HIGHEST
LEVEL.
>> GIVE ME A SENSE
OF -- IF ONE
GOES INTO A PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARY, YOU
TALK ABOUT THE
OFFICIAL
RECORDS OF THE
PRESIDENT, WHAT
ELSE IS
INSIDE
OF A PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARIES?
>> THEY'RE INTERESTING BECAUSE
THEY'RE LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS
AND HAVE THE
PAPER RECORDS.
THEY HAVE THE DIGITAL
RECORDS.
THEY HAVE THE ARTIFACTS THAT
ARE
COLLECTED THROUGHOUT A
PRESIDENCY.
THEY MAY BE
GIFTS GIVEN TO
PRESIDENTS BY CITIZENS
OR
FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AND MAY
HAVE
MATERIALS
DONATED TO SUPPLEMENT
THOSE
MATERIALS.
ONE OF
THE MOST RECENT
DISCUSSIONS
WAS THE
KENNEDY
LIBRARY AND
COMIC BOOK
ARTIST
ASKED THE ORIGINAL ART FROM
A
SUPERMAN COMIC BOOK BE PART OF
THE
LIBRARY.
SO IT WOULD BE A
WIDE
ARRAY
OF
THINGS.
>> AFTER NIXON, ARE
PRESIDENTS
MORE
AWARE OF THE
RECORDS THEY
GENERATE BECAUSE WE'VE HEARD
IT'S A
MUSEUM/SHRINE.
HAVE
PRESIDENTS
GOTTEN MORE
CRITICAL ON
THAT?
>> WATERGATE MADE THAT
CLEAR
TO
SUBSEQUENT PRESIDENTS AND ONE
REASON THEY HAVEN'T BEEN
KEEPING
AUDIOTAPES
BUT
UNDER THE
PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS, ANY
COMMUNICATION MADE TO
OR FROM
THE WHITE HOUSE OR FROM THE
PRESIDENT'S STAFF IS
SUBJECT
TO
THE PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS.
THEY MUST BE
DEPOSITED IN
THESE
ARCHIVES AND THEY ARE
SENSITIVE
TO WHAT KIND OF
COMMUNICATIONTHEY
UNDERTAKE.
>> MORE
RELIANCE
ON
VERBAL
COMMUNICATION, IS THAT SAFE TO
ASSUME?
>> AND THERE
HAVE BEEN ATTEMPTS
TO USE PRIVATE
COMMUNICATIONS
OUTSIDE OF OFFICIAL CHANNELS TO
SAY THE THINGS THEY DON'T WANT
RECORDED FOR HISTORY.
>> SCOTT WALTER, HOW
ABOUT WITH
THE ONSET OF
INTERNET, EMAIL,
TEXT
MESSAGES, IS ANY OF
THAT
CONTENT
REFLECTED IN
PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARIES?
>> IT'S AN ENORMOUS INCREASE SO
THROUGHOUT THE HISTORY OF THE
PRESSURE
APPRECIATE
PRESIDENTIAL
RECORDS, IT EBBS
IT
EXPANDED.
THE BUSH LIBRARY
MAINTAINS
80TEROBYT SER.
>> MORE DATA
THAN ANYBODY
CAN
POSSIBLY COMPLAIN IN ONE PLACE
AND
SO THAT WOULD BE
THE
ARCHIVES OF THE
WEBSITE,
THE
WHITE HOUSE WEBSITE SITE BUT
ALL OF THE
EMAILS.
>> AND ALL OF THAT IS ACCESSIBLE
TO THE
PUBLIC?
>> WELL, I
CAN'T SAY THAT BUT IT
IS
MAINTAINED AS
PART OF
THE
ARCHIVE AND PROCESSED ALONG WITH
THE OTHER
MATERIALS OF THE PUSH
PRESIDENCY AND OF
COURSE
THE
CLINTONS PRESIDENCY BEFORE THAT
AND WE CAN IMAGINE THAT WITH THE
OBAMA PRESIDENCY
THERE WILL BE
AN EVEN GREATER INCREASE
IN
THE
DIGITAL
FOOTPRINTS.
>> LET'S TALK ABOUT THAT.
WHAT ARE CHICAGO'S
CHANCES,
MICHAEL ALLEN,
BASED
ON HOW
PRESIDENTS GO ABOUT SELECTING
THE LOCATES?
>> VERY STRONG.
THE PRESIDENT TENDENCIES TO
LOCATE LIBRARIES IN THEIR HOME
STATES, THEIR HOMETOWNS, CLOSE
TO WHERE THEY GREW UP
AND THE
OBAMAS
CLEARLY HAVE STRONG
TIES
TO CHICAGO, THEY HAVE THEIR
HOUSE
HERE, THEIR POLITICAL AND
PROFESSIONAL CAREERS WERE
BASED
HERE AND IT
WOULD SEEM
THAT THE
CHICAGO LOCATION WOULD BE
ATTRACTIVE IN PARTICULAR BECAUSE
OBAMA IS A YOUNG PRESIDENT WHO
WILL
LIKELY LIVE FOR QUITE
SOME
TIME.
>> HOW ABOUT WHEN HE LEAVES
OFFICE?
>> THEY WILL USE THESE
LIBRARIES
AS HOME
BASIS TO LAUNCH
INITIATIVES AND
OBAMA HAS SPOKEN
ABOUT HOW HE WISHES
FOR HIS
LIBRARY TO
BECOME
AN ECONOMIC
MISSION AND WE WOULD THINK
HE
WOULD WANT THAT TO HAPPEN IN
CHICAGO WHETHER HE GOT HUSBAND
START
IN THE
COMMUNITITY.
>> SCOTT, DO
YOU AGREE
WITH
THAT?
MICHAEL YOU SEEM
TO THINK
IT'S
CHICAGO'S PLACE TO LOSE.
>> I THINK CHICAGO WOULD BE A
WONDERFUL PLACE BUT ALSO
BECAUSE
OF THE
CONCENTRATION OF
SCHOLARS
AT MULTIPLE
UNIVERSITIES IN
THE
AREA.
>> THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IS
CONSIDERED BY MANY TO BE THE
LEADING OF
THE
SIX POTENTIAL
BIDDERS, SO TO
SPEAK.
IN TERMS
OF -- MICHAEL,
YOU
MENTIONED POTENTIAL PROBLEMS
INVOLVING LIBRARIES.
THE DUALITY OF WHAT THEY CAN
BE.
>> SURE.
I MEAN, YOU KNOW, ONE
OF
THE
THINGS THAT IS
INTENTIONED IN
THE PRESIDENTIAL ARCHIVE'S
SYSTEM, YOU HAVE THE ARCHIVES
WHICH IS SUPPOSED TO GATHER
AND
STORE ALL RECORDS ABOUT A
PRESIDENCY, WHICH
IS
SOMETIMES
INCLUDES
EMBARRASSING OR
UNFLATTERING DETAILS AND THE
MUSEUM WHICH IS
REALLY BUILT TO
MEMORIALIZE THE PRESIDENT
AND
CELEBRATE HIM AS A GREAT MAN
AND
LEADER.
THE
LIBRARY IS
SPECIFICALLY
SERVING SCHOLARS, A
SMALLER
NUMBER OF PEOPLE.
WHERE IT CATERS TO
THE PUBLIC
AND PUTS ON A
POSITIVE AND
CELEBRATORY PRESENTATION
OF
PRESIDENT.
>> YOU
KNOW, AT
THE RESULT OF
THIS
IS THAT
OFTENTIMES THE
PUBLIC GETS A DIFFERENT ACCOUNT
THAT THE SCHOLARS AT WORK
TRYING
TO
ACCOUNT FOR THAT ON THE
RECORD.
>> THANK YOU BOTH FOR BEING
HERE.
YOU CAN CHECK OUT
OR
>> PRESIDENT OBAMA HAS SET THE
AREAS IN MOTION TO SELECT A
LOCATION FOR HIS PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARY.
MAYOR EMANUEL HAS ANNOUNCED HE
WANTS TO UNINEED CHICAGO BID TO
GET IT.
THIS IN THE FACE
OF LIKELY
COMPETITIONS FROM NEW YORK CITY
AND THE STATE OF
HAWAII.
HOW DID PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES
COME TO BE?
>> WHAT EXACTLY DO THEY
DO AND
DOES CHICAGO REALLY HAVE
THE
INSIDE TRACK?
HERE TO TALK
ABOUT THE
HISTORY
ABOUT PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES AND
ASSESS THE
CHANCES ARE MICHAEL
ALLEN, A PROFESSOR OF
HISTORY AT
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AND
SPECIAL LIESES
IZES
IN 20th CENTURY
MEMORY AND SCOTT
WALTER,
UNIVERSITY OF DePAUL
UNIVERSITY.
FIRST OF
ALL, HOW
DID
PRESIDENTIAL UNIVERSITIES COME
TO BE?
>> THEY WERE
CREATED BY FRANKLIN
ROOSEVELT IN
THE 1930'S
AND HE
THOUGHT HE WOULD CREATE A
MONUMENT
TO HIMSELF AND A
WAREHOUSE FOR RECORDS.
HE DIDN'T WANT TO SEE HIS
PAPERSTIVE SEED UP
TIVE
DIVIED
UP.
HE WANTED TO CREATE
A SHRINE TO
HIS MEMORY BUT ALSO THEN
DONATE
THAT T
O THE PUBLIC AND THE
PUBLIC WOULD ASSUME THE
COSTS
AFTER IT WAS FILLED.
>> THAT CONTINUED
TO THE STATE,
CORRECT?
>> THAT'S RIGHT.
THE.
>> THE PRESIDENTS AND FRIENDS
RAISED THE
MONEY FROM PRIVATE
SOURCES AND
DONORS AND
THE
GOVERNMENT
TAKES RESPONSIBILITY
FOR RUNNING
IT.
>> THE MANAGEMENT ASSUMES THE
COSTS
ASSOCIATED WITH THE
FACILITY.
>> SO SCOTT WALT,
WHAT IS THE
FUNCTION OF THE PRESSURE
LIBRARY?
>> THAT WE JUST HEARD, TO MAKE
SURE
THAT THE
PUBLIC
RETAINING
ENDURING ACCESS TO THE RECORD OF
THE MOST
IMPORTANT PUBLIC
OFFICIAL.
PRIOR TO THE PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARIES, THE MATERIALS MIGHT
HAVE BEEN
DISPERSED AND
PRIOR TO
THE PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS ACT
IN
1978, THE MATERIALS WERE
CONSIDERED TO BE PERSONAL
PAPERS.
AND SO IT BE WASN'T
ENSURED
WE
WOULD GET ACCESS TO
THEM.
NOW THE
LAW SAYS THAT
PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS ARE PUBLIC
RECORDS AND AS PUBLIC
RECORDS,
THEY ARE MAINTAINED IN THE
LIBRARIES TO MAKE SURE THAT
PEOPLE CAN HAVE ACCESS
TO THEM
AND UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF
THE GOVERNMENT AT THE HIGHEST
LEVEL.
>> GIVE ME A SENSE
OF -- IF ONE
GOES INTO A PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARY, YOU
TALK ABOUT THE
OFFICIAL
RECORDS OF THE
PRESIDENT, WHAT
ELSE IS
INSIDE
OF A PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARIES?
>> THEY'RE INTERESTING BECAUSE
THEY'RE LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS
AND HAVE THE
PAPER RECORDS.
THEY HAVE THE DIGITAL
RECORDS.
THEY HAVE THE ARTIFACTS THAT
ARE
COLLECTED THROUGHOUT A
PRESIDENCY.
THEY MAY BE
GIFTS GIVEN TO
PRESIDENTS BY CITIZENS
OR
FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AND MAY
HAVE
MATERIALS
DONATED TO SUPPLEMENT
THOSE
MATERIALS.
ONE OF
THE MOST RECENT
DISCUSSIONS
WAS THE
KENNEDY
LIBRARY AND
COMIC BOOK
ARTIST
ASKED THE ORIGINAL ART FROM
A
SUPERMAN COMIC BOOK BE PART OF
THE
LIBRARY.
SO IT WOULD BE A
WIDE
ARRAY
OF
THINGS.
>> AFTER NIXON, ARE
PRESIDENTS
MORE
AWARE OF THE
RECORDS THEY
GENERATE BECAUSE WE'VE HEARD
IT'S A
MUSEUM/SHRINE.
HAVE
PRESIDENTS
GOTTEN MORE
CRITICAL ON
THAT?
>> WATERGATE MADE THAT
CLEAR
TO
SUBSEQUENT PRESIDENTS AND ONE
REASON THEY HAVEN'T BEEN
KEEPING
AUDIOTAPES
BUT
UNDER THE
PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS, ANY
COMMUNICATION MADE TO
OR FROM
THE WHITE HOUSE OR FROM THE
PRESIDENT'S STAFF IS
SUBJECT
TO
THE PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS.
THEY MUST BE
DEPOSITED IN
THESE
ARCHIVES AND THEY ARE
SENSITIVE
TO WHAT KIND OF
COMMUNICATIONTHEY
UNDERTAKE.
>> MORE
RELIANCE
ON
VERBAL
COMMUNICATION, IS THAT SAFE TO
ASSUME?
>> AND THERE
HAVE BEEN ATTEMPTS
TO USE PRIVATE
COMMUNICATIONS
OUTSIDE OF OFFICIAL CHANNELS TO
SAY THE THINGS THEY DON'T WANT
RECORDED FOR HISTORY.
>> SCOTT WALTER, HOW
ABOUT WITH
THE ONSET OF
INTERNET, EMAIL,
TEXT
MESSAGES, IS ANY OF
THAT
CONTENT
REFLECTED IN
PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARIES?
>> IT'S AN ENORMOUS INCREASE SO
THROUGHOUT THE HISTORY OF THE
PRESSURE
APPRECIATE
PRESIDENTIAL
RECORDS, IT EBBS
IT
EXPANDED.
THE BUSH LIBRARY
MAINTAINS
80TEROBYT SER.
>> MORE DATA
THAN ANYBODY
CAN
POSSIBLY COMPLAIN IN ONE PLACE
AND
SO THAT WOULD BE
THE
ARCHIVES OF THE
WEBSITE,
THE
WHITE HOUSE WEBSITE SITE BUT
ALL OF THE
EMAILS.
>> AND ALL OF THAT IS ACCESSIBLE
TO THE
PUBLIC?
>> WELL, I
CAN'T SAY THAT BUT IT
IS
MAINTAINED AS
PART OF
THE
ARCHIVE AND PROCESSED ALONG WITH
THE OTHER
MATERIALS OF THE PUSH
PRESIDENCY AND OF
COURSE
THE
CLINTONS PRESIDENCY BEFORE THAT
AND WE CAN IMAGINE THAT WITH THE
OBAMA PRESIDENCY
THERE WILL BE
AN EVEN GREATER INCREASE
IN
THE
DIGITAL
FOOTPRINTS.
>> LET'S TALK ABOUT THAT.
WHAT ARE CHICAGO'S
CHANCES,
MICHAEL ALLEN,
BASED
ON HOW
PRESIDENTS GO ABOUT SELECTING
THE LOCATES?
>> VERY STRONG.
THE PRESIDENT TENDENCIES TO
LOCATE LIBRARIES IN THEIR HOME
STATES, THEIR HOMETOWNS, CLOSE
TO WHERE THEY GREW UP
AND THE
OBAMAS
CLEARLY HAVE STRONG
TIES
TO CHICAGO, THEY HAVE THEIR
HOUSE
HERE, THEIR POLITICAL AND
PROFESSIONAL CAREERS WERE
BASED
HERE AND IT
WOULD SEEM
THAT THE
CHICAGO LOCATION WOULD BE
ATTRACTIVE IN PARTICULAR BECAUSE
OBAMA IS A YOUNG PRESIDENT WHO
WILL
LIKELY LIVE FOR QUITE
SOME
TIME.
>> HOW ABOUT WHEN HE LEAVES
OFFICE?
>> THEY WILL USE THESE
LIBRARIES
AS HOME
BASIS TO LAUNCH
INITIATIVES AND
OBAMA HAS SPOKEN
ABOUT HOW HE WISHES
FOR HIS
LIBRARY TO
BECOME
AN ECONOMIC
MISSION AND WE WOULD THINK
HE
WOULD WANT THAT TO HAPPEN IN
CHICAGO WHETHER HE GOT HUSBAND
START
IN THE
COMMUNITITY.
>> SCOTT, DO
YOU AGREE
WITH
THAT?
MICHAEL YOU SEEM
TO THINK
IT'S
CHICAGO'S PLACE TO LOSE.
>> I THINK CHICAGO WOULD BE A
WONDERFUL PLACE BUT ALSO
BECAUSE
OF THE
CONCENTRATION OF
SCHOLARS
AT MULTIPLE
UNIVERSITIES IN
THE
AREA.
>> THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IS
CONSIDERED BY MANY TO BE THE
LEADING OF
THE
SIX POTENTIAL
BIDDERS, SO TO
SPEAK.
IN TERMS
OF -- MICHAEL,
YOU
MENTIONED POTENTIAL PROBLEMS
INVOLVING LIBRARIES.
THE DUALITY OF WHAT THEY CAN
BE.
>> SURE.
I MEAN, YOU KNOW, ONE
OF
THE
THINGS THAT IS
INTENTIONED IN
THE PRESIDENTIAL ARCHIVE'S
SYSTEM, YOU HAVE THE ARCHIVES
WHICH IS SUPPOSED TO GATHER
AND
STORE ALL RECORDS ABOUT A
PRESIDENCY, WHICH
IS
SOMETIMES
INCLUDES
EMBARRASSING OR
UNFLATTERING DETAILS AND THE
MUSEUM WHICH IS
REALLY BUILT TO
MEMORIALIZE THE PRESIDENT
AND
CELEBRATE HIM AS A GREAT MAN
AND
LEADER.
THE
LIBRARY IS
SPECIFICALLY
SERVING SCHOLARS, A
SMALLER
NUMBER OF PEOPLE.
WHERE IT CATERS TO
THE PUBLIC
AND PUTS ON A
POSITIVE AND
CELEBRATORY PRESENTATION
OF
PRESIDENT.
>> YOU
KNOW, AT
THE RESULT OF
THIS
IS THAT
OFTENTIMES THE
PUBLIC GETS A DIFFERENT ACCOUNT
THAT THE SCHOLARS AT WORK
TRYING
TO
ACCOUNT FOR THAT ON THE
RECORD.
>> THANK YOU BOTH FOR BEING
HERE.
YOU CAN CHECK OUT