>> PRESIDENT OBAMA HAS SET THE

AREAS IN MOTION TO SELECT A

LOCATION FOR HIS PRESIDENTIAL

LIBRARY.

MAYOR EMANUEL HAS ANNOUNCED HE

WANTS TO UNINEED CHICAGO BID TO

GET IT.

THIS IN THE FACE

OF LIKELY

COMPETITIONS FROM NEW YORK CITY

AND THE STATE OF

HAWAII.

HOW DID PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES

COME TO BE?

>> WHAT EXACTLY DO THEY

DO AND

DOES CHICAGO REALLY HAVE

THE

INSIDE TRACK?

HERE TO TALK

ABOUT THE

HISTORY

ABOUT PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES AND

ASSESS THE

CHANCES ARE MICHAEL

ALLEN, A PROFESSOR OF

HISTORY AT

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AND

SPECIAL LIESES

IZES

IN 20th CENTURY

MEMORY AND SCOTT

WALTER,

UNIVERSITY OF DePAUL

UNIVERSITY.

FIRST OF

ALL, HOW

DID

PRESIDENTIAL UNIVERSITIES COME

TO BE?

>> THEY WERE

CREATED BY FRANKLIN

ROOSEVELT IN

THE 1930'S

AND HE

THOUGHT HE WOULD CREATE A

MONUMENT

TO HIMSELF AND A

WAREHOUSE FOR RECORDS.

HE DIDN'T WANT TO SEE HIS

PAPERSTIVE SEED UP

TIVE

DIVIED

UP.

HE WANTED TO CREATE

A SHRINE TO

HIS MEMORY BUT ALSO THEN

DONATE

THAT T

O THE PUBLIC AND THE

PUBLIC WOULD ASSUME THE

COSTS

AFTER IT WAS FILLED.

>> THAT CONTINUED

TO THE STATE,

CORRECT?

>> THAT'S RIGHT.

THE.

>> THE PRESIDENTS AND FRIENDS

RAISED THE

MONEY FROM PRIVATE

SOURCES AND

DONORS AND

THE

GOVERNMENT

TAKES RESPONSIBILITY

FOR RUNNING

IT.

>> THE MANAGEMENT ASSUMES THE

COSTS

ASSOCIATED WITH THE

FACILITY.

>> SO SCOTT WALT,

WHAT IS THE

FUNCTION OF THE PRESSURE

LIBRARY?

>> THAT WE JUST HEARD, TO MAKE

SURE

THAT THE

PUBLIC

RETAINING

ENDURING ACCESS TO THE RECORD OF

THE MOST

IMPORTANT PUBLIC

OFFICIAL.

PRIOR TO THE PRESIDENTIAL

LIBRARIES, THE MATERIALS MIGHT

HAVE BEEN

DISPERSED AND

PRIOR TO

THE PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS ACT

IN

1978, THE MATERIALS WERE

CONSIDERED TO BE PERSONAL

PAPERS.

AND SO IT BE WASN'T

ENSURED

WE

WOULD GET ACCESS TO

THEM.

NOW THE

LAW SAYS THAT

PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS ARE PUBLIC

RECORDS AND AS PUBLIC

RECORDS,

THEY ARE MAINTAINED IN THE

LIBRARIES TO MAKE SURE THAT

PEOPLE CAN HAVE ACCESS

TO THEM

AND UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF

THE GOVERNMENT AT THE HIGHEST

LEVEL.

>> GIVE ME A SENSE

OF -- IF ONE

GOES INTO A PRESIDENTIAL

LIBRARY, YOU

TALK ABOUT THE

OFFICIAL

RECORDS OF THE

PRESIDENT, WHAT

ELSE IS

INSIDE

OF A PRESIDENTIAL

LIBRARIES?

>> THEY'RE INTERESTING BECAUSE

THEY'RE LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS

AND HAVE THE

PAPER RECORDS.

THEY HAVE THE DIGITAL

RECORDS.

THEY HAVE THE ARTIFACTS THAT

ARE

COLLECTED THROUGHOUT A

PRESIDENCY.

THEY MAY BE

GIFTS GIVEN TO

PRESIDENTS BY CITIZENS

OR

FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AND MAY

HAVE

MATERIALS

DONATED TO SUPPLEMENT

THOSE

MATERIALS.

ONE OF

THE MOST RECENT

DISCUSSIONS

WAS THE

KENNEDY

LIBRARY AND

COMIC BOOK

ARTIST

ASKED THE ORIGINAL ART FROM

A

SUPERMAN COMIC BOOK BE PART OF

THE

LIBRARY.

SO IT WOULD BE A

WIDE

ARRAY

OF

THINGS.

>> AFTER NIXON, ARE

PRESIDENTS

MORE

AWARE OF THE

RECORDS THEY

GENERATE BECAUSE WE'VE HEARD

IT'S A

MUSEUM/SHRINE.

HAVE

PRESIDENTS

GOTTEN MORE

CRITICAL ON

THAT?

>> WATERGATE MADE THAT

CLEAR

TO

SUBSEQUENT PRESIDENTS AND ONE

REASON THEY HAVEN'T BEEN

KEEPING

AUDIOTAPES

BUT

UNDER THE

PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS, ANY

COMMUNICATION MADE TO

OR FROM

THE WHITE HOUSE OR FROM THE

PRESIDENT'S STAFF IS

SUBJECT

TO

THE PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS.

THEY MUST BE

DEPOSITED IN

THESE

ARCHIVES AND THEY ARE

SENSITIVE

TO WHAT KIND OF

COMMUNICATIONTHEY

UNDERTAKE.

>> MORE

RELIANCE

ON

VERBAL

COMMUNICATION, IS THAT SAFE TO

ASSUME?

>> AND THERE

HAVE BEEN ATTEMPTS

TO USE PRIVATE

COMMUNICATIONS

OUTSIDE OF OFFICIAL CHANNELS TO

SAY THE THINGS THEY DON'T WANT

RECORDED FOR HISTORY.

>> SCOTT WALTER, HOW

ABOUT WITH

THE ONSET OF

INTERNET, EMAIL,

TEXT

MESSAGES, IS ANY OF

THAT

CONTENT

REFLECTED IN

PRESIDENTIAL

LIBRARIES?

>> IT'S AN ENORMOUS INCREASE SO

THROUGHOUT THE HISTORY OF THE

PRESSURE

APPRECIATE

PRESIDENTIAL

RECORDS, IT EBBS

IT

EXPANDED.

THE BUSH LIBRARY

MAINTAINS

80TEROBYT SER.

>> MORE DATA

THAN ANYBODY

CAN

POSSIBLY COMPLAIN IN ONE PLACE

AND

SO THAT WOULD BE

THE

ARCHIVES OF THE

WEBSITE,

THE

WHITE HOUSE WEBSITE SITE BUT

ALL OF THE

EMAILS.

>> AND ALL OF THAT IS ACCESSIBLE

TO THE

PUBLIC?

>> WELL, I

CAN'T SAY THAT BUT IT

IS

MAINTAINED AS

PART OF

THE

ARCHIVE AND PROCESSED ALONG WITH

THE OTHER

MATERIALS OF THE PUSH

PRESIDENCY AND OF

COURSE

THE

CLINTONS PRESIDENCY BEFORE THAT

AND WE CAN IMAGINE THAT WITH THE

OBAMA PRESIDENCY

THERE WILL BE

AN EVEN GREATER INCREASE

IN

THE

DIGITAL

FOOTPRINTS.

>> LET'S TALK ABOUT THAT.

WHAT ARE CHICAGO'S

CHANCES,

MICHAEL ALLEN,

BASED

ON HOW

PRESIDENTS GO ABOUT SELECTING

THE LOCATES?

>> VERY STRONG.

THE PRESIDENT TENDENCIES TO

LOCATE LIBRARIES IN THEIR HOME

STATES, THEIR HOMETOWNS, CLOSE

TO WHERE THEY GREW UP

AND THE

OBAMAS

CLEARLY HAVE STRONG

TIES

TO CHICAGO, THEY HAVE THEIR

HOUSE

HERE, THEIR POLITICAL AND

PROFESSIONAL CAREERS WERE

BASED

HERE AND IT

WOULD SEEM

THAT THE

CHICAGO LOCATION WOULD BE

ATTRACTIVE IN PARTICULAR BECAUSE

OBAMA IS A YOUNG PRESIDENT WHO

WILL

LIKELY LIVE FOR QUITE

SOME

TIME.

>> HOW ABOUT WHEN HE LEAVES

OFFICE?

>> THEY WILL USE THESE

LIBRARIES

AS HOME

BASIS TO LAUNCH

INITIATIVES AND

OBAMA HAS SPOKEN

ABOUT HOW HE WISHES

FOR HIS

LIBRARY TO

BECOME

AN ECONOMIC

MISSION AND WE WOULD THINK

HE

WOULD WANT THAT TO HAPPEN IN

CHICAGO WHETHER HE GOT HUSBAND

START

IN THE

COMMUNITITY.

>> SCOTT, DO

YOU AGREE

WITH

THAT?

MICHAEL YOU SEEM

TO THINK

IT'S

CHICAGO'S PLACE TO LOSE.

>> I THINK CHICAGO WOULD BE A

WONDERFUL PLACE BUT ALSO

BECAUSE

OF THE

CONCENTRATION OF

SCHOLARS

AT MULTIPLE

UNIVERSITIES IN

THE

AREA.

>> THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IS

CONSIDERED BY MANY TO BE THE

LEADING OF

THE

SIX POTENTIAL

BIDDERS, SO TO

SPEAK.

IN TERMS

OF -- MICHAEL,

YOU

MENTIONED POTENTIAL PROBLEMS

INVOLVING LIBRARIES.

THE DUALITY OF WHAT THEY CAN

BE.

>> SURE.

I MEAN, YOU KNOW, ONE

OF

THE

THINGS THAT IS

INTENTIONED IN

THE PRESIDENTIAL ARCHIVE'S

SYSTEM, YOU HAVE THE ARCHIVES

WHICH IS SUPPOSED TO GATHER

AND

STORE ALL RECORDS ABOUT A

PRESIDENCY, WHICH

IS

SOMETIMES

INCLUDES

EMBARRASSING OR

UNFLATTERING DETAILS AND THE

MUSEUM WHICH IS

REALLY BUILT TO

MEMORIALIZE THE PRESIDENT

AND

CELEBRATE HIM AS A GREAT MAN

AND

LEADER.

THE

LIBRARY IS

SPECIFICALLY

SERVING SCHOLARS, A

SMALLER

NUMBER OF PEOPLE.

WHERE IT CATERS TO

THE PUBLIC

AND PUTS ON A

POSITIVE AND

CELEBRATORY PRESENTATION

OF

PRESIDENT.

>> YOU

KNOW, AT

THE RESULT OF

THIS

IS THAT

OFTENTIMES THE

PUBLIC GETS A DIFFERENT ACCOUNT

THAT THE SCHOLARS AT WORK

TRYING

TO

ACCOUNT FOR THAT ON THE

RECORD.

>> THANK YOU BOTH FOR BEING

HERE.

YOU CAN CHECK OUT

OR

>> PRESIDENT OBAMA HAS SET THE

AREAS IN MOTION TO SELECT A

LOCATION FOR HIS PRESIDENTIAL

LIBRARY.

MAYOR EMANUEL HAS ANNOUNCED HE

WANTS TO UNINEED CHICAGO BID TO

GET IT.

THIS IN THE FACE

OF LIKELY

COMPETITIONS FROM NEW YORK CITY

AND THE STATE OF

HAWAII.

HOW DID PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES

COME TO BE?

>> WHAT EXACTLY DO THEY

DO AND

DOES CHICAGO REALLY HAVE

THE

INSIDE TRACK?

HERE TO TALK

ABOUT THE

HISTORY

ABOUT PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES AND

ASSESS THE

CHANCES ARE MICHAEL

ALLEN, A PROFESSOR OF

HISTORY AT

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AND

SPECIAL LIESES

IZES

IN 20th CENTURY

MEMORY AND SCOTT

WALTER,

UNIVERSITY OF DePAUL

UNIVERSITY.

FIRST OF

ALL, HOW

DID

PRESIDENTIAL UNIVERSITIES COME

TO BE?

>> THEY WERE

CREATED BY FRANKLIN

ROOSEVELT IN

THE 1930'S

AND HE

THOUGHT HE WOULD CREATE A

MONUMENT

TO HIMSELF AND A

WAREHOUSE FOR RECORDS.

HE DIDN'T WANT TO SEE HIS

PAPERSTIVE SEED UP

TIVE

DIVIED

UP.

HE WANTED TO CREATE

A SHRINE TO

HIS MEMORY BUT ALSO THEN

DONATE

THAT T

O THE PUBLIC AND THE

PUBLIC WOULD ASSUME THE

COSTS

AFTER IT WAS FILLED.

>> THAT CONTINUED

TO THE STATE,

CORRECT?

>> THAT'S RIGHT.

THE.

>> THE PRESIDENTS AND FRIENDS

RAISED THE

MONEY FROM PRIVATE

SOURCES AND

DONORS AND

THE

GOVERNMENT

TAKES RESPONSIBILITY

FOR RUNNING

IT.

>> THE MANAGEMENT ASSUMES THE

COSTS

ASSOCIATED WITH THE

FACILITY.

>> SO SCOTT WALT,

WHAT IS THE

FUNCTION OF THE PRESSURE

LIBRARY?

>> THAT WE JUST HEARD, TO MAKE

SURE

THAT THE

PUBLIC

RETAINING

ENDURING ACCESS TO THE RECORD OF

THE MOST

IMPORTANT PUBLIC

OFFICIAL.

PRIOR TO THE PRESIDENTIAL

LIBRARIES, THE MATERIALS MIGHT

HAVE BEEN

DISPERSED AND

PRIOR TO

THE PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS ACT

IN

1978, THE MATERIALS WERE

CONSIDERED TO BE PERSONAL

PAPERS.

AND SO IT BE WASN'T

ENSURED

WE

WOULD GET ACCESS TO

THEM.

NOW THE

LAW SAYS THAT

PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS ARE PUBLIC

RECORDS AND AS PUBLIC

RECORDS,

THEY ARE MAINTAINED IN THE

LIBRARIES TO MAKE SURE THAT

PEOPLE CAN HAVE ACCESS

TO THEM

AND UNDERSTAND THE WORKING OF

THE GOVERNMENT AT THE HIGHEST

LEVEL.

>> GIVE ME A SENSE

OF -- IF ONE

GOES INTO A PRESIDENTIAL

LIBRARY, YOU

TALK ABOUT THE

OFFICIAL

RECORDS OF THE

PRESIDENT, WHAT

ELSE IS

INSIDE

OF A PRESIDENTIAL

LIBRARIES?

>> THEY'RE INTERESTING BECAUSE

THEY'RE LIBRARIES AND MUSEUMS

AND HAVE THE

PAPER RECORDS.

THEY HAVE THE DIGITAL

RECORDS.

THEY HAVE THE ARTIFACTS THAT

ARE

COLLECTED THROUGHOUT A

PRESIDENCY.

THEY MAY BE

GIFTS GIVEN TO

PRESIDENTS BY CITIZENS

OR

FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS AND MAY

HAVE

MATERIALS

DONATED TO SUPPLEMENT

THOSE

MATERIALS.

ONE OF

THE MOST RECENT

DISCUSSIONS

WAS THE

KENNEDY

LIBRARY AND

COMIC BOOK

ARTIST

ASKED THE ORIGINAL ART FROM

A

SUPERMAN COMIC BOOK BE PART OF

THE

LIBRARY.

SO IT WOULD BE A

WIDE

ARRAY

OF

THINGS.

>> AFTER NIXON, ARE

PRESIDENTS

MORE

AWARE OF THE

RECORDS THEY

GENERATE BECAUSE WE'VE HEARD

IT'S A

MUSEUM/SHRINE.

HAVE

PRESIDENTS

GOTTEN MORE

CRITICAL ON

THAT?

>> WATERGATE MADE THAT

CLEAR

TO

SUBSEQUENT PRESIDENTS AND ONE

REASON THEY HAVEN'T BEEN

KEEPING

AUDIOTAPES

BUT

UNDER THE

PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS, ANY

COMMUNICATION MADE TO

OR FROM

THE WHITE HOUSE OR FROM THE

PRESIDENT'S STAFF IS

SUBJECT

TO

THE PRESIDENTIAL RECORDS.

THEY MUST BE

DEPOSITED IN

THESE

ARCHIVES AND THEY ARE

SENSITIVE

TO WHAT KIND OF

COMMUNICATIONTHEY

UNDERTAKE.

>> MORE

RELIANCE

ON

VERBAL

COMMUNICATION, IS THAT SAFE TO

ASSUME?

>> AND THERE

HAVE BEEN ATTEMPTS

TO USE PRIVATE

COMMUNICATIONS

OUTSIDE OF OFFICIAL CHANNELS TO

SAY THE THINGS THEY DON'T WANT

RECORDED FOR HISTORY.

>> SCOTT WALTER, HOW

ABOUT WITH

THE ONSET OF

INTERNET, EMAIL,

TEXT

MESSAGES, IS ANY OF

THAT

CONTENT

REFLECTED IN

PRESIDENTIAL

LIBRARIES?

>> IT'S AN ENORMOUS INCREASE SO

THROUGHOUT THE HISTORY OF THE

PRESSURE

APPRECIATE

PRESIDENTIAL

RECORDS, IT EBBS

IT

EXPANDED.

THE BUSH LIBRARY

MAINTAINS

80TEROBYT SER.

>> MORE DATA

THAN ANYBODY

CAN

POSSIBLY COMPLAIN IN ONE PLACE

AND

SO THAT WOULD BE

THE

ARCHIVES OF THE

WEBSITE,

THE

WHITE HOUSE WEBSITE SITE BUT

ALL OF THE

EMAILS.

>> AND ALL OF THAT IS ACCESSIBLE

TO THE

PUBLIC?

>> WELL, I

CAN'T SAY THAT BUT IT

IS

MAINTAINED AS

PART OF

THE

ARCHIVE AND PROCESSED ALONG WITH

THE OTHER

MATERIALS OF THE PUSH

PRESIDENCY AND OF

COURSE

THE

CLINTONS PRESIDENCY BEFORE THAT

AND WE CAN IMAGINE THAT WITH THE

OBAMA PRESIDENCY

THERE WILL BE

AN EVEN GREATER INCREASE

IN

THE

DIGITAL

FOOTPRINTS.

>> LET'S TALK ABOUT THAT.

WHAT ARE CHICAGO'S

CHANCES,

MICHAEL ALLEN,

BASED

ON HOW

PRESIDENTS GO ABOUT SELECTING

THE LOCATES?

>> VERY STRONG.

THE PRESIDENT TENDENCIES TO

LOCATE LIBRARIES IN THEIR HOME

STATES, THEIR HOMETOWNS, CLOSE

TO WHERE THEY GREW UP

AND THE

OBAMAS

CLEARLY HAVE STRONG

TIES

TO CHICAGO, THEY HAVE THEIR

HOUSE

HERE, THEIR POLITICAL AND

PROFESSIONAL CAREERS WERE

BASED

HERE AND IT

WOULD SEEM

THAT THE

CHICAGO LOCATION WOULD BE

ATTRACTIVE IN PARTICULAR BECAUSE

OBAMA IS A YOUNG PRESIDENT WHO

WILL

LIKELY LIVE FOR QUITE

SOME

TIME.

>> HOW ABOUT WHEN HE LEAVES

OFFICE?

>> THEY WILL USE THESE

LIBRARIES

AS HOME

BASIS TO LAUNCH

INITIATIVES AND

OBAMA HAS SPOKEN

ABOUT HOW HE WISHES

FOR HIS

LIBRARY TO

BECOME

AN ECONOMIC

MISSION AND WE WOULD THINK

HE

WOULD WANT THAT TO HAPPEN IN

CHICAGO WHETHER HE GOT HUSBAND

START

IN THE

COMMUNITITY.

>> SCOTT, DO

YOU AGREE

WITH

THAT?

MICHAEL YOU SEEM

TO THINK

IT'S

CHICAGO'S PLACE TO LOSE.

>> I THINK CHICAGO WOULD BE A

WONDERFUL PLACE BUT ALSO

BECAUSE

OF THE

CONCENTRATION OF

SCHOLARS

AT MULTIPLE

UNIVERSITIES IN

THE

AREA.

>> THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO IS

CONSIDERED BY MANY TO BE THE

LEADING OF

THE

SIX POTENTIAL

BIDDERS, SO TO

SPEAK.

IN TERMS

OF -- MICHAEL,

YOU

MENTIONED POTENTIAL PROBLEMS

INVOLVING LIBRARIES.

THE DUALITY OF WHAT THEY CAN

BE.

>> SURE.

I MEAN, YOU KNOW, ONE

OF

THE

THINGS THAT IS

INTENTIONED IN

THE PRESIDENTIAL ARCHIVE'S

SYSTEM, YOU HAVE THE ARCHIVES

WHICH IS SUPPOSED TO GATHER

AND

STORE ALL RECORDS ABOUT A

PRESIDENCY, WHICH

IS

SOMETIMES

INCLUDES

EMBARRASSING OR

UNFLATTERING DETAILS AND THE

MUSEUM WHICH IS

REALLY BUILT TO

MEMORIALIZE THE PRESIDENT

AND

CELEBRATE HIM AS A GREAT MAN

AND

LEADER.

THE

LIBRARY IS

SPECIFICALLY

SERVING SCHOLARS, A

SMALLER

NUMBER OF PEOPLE.

WHERE IT CATERS TO

THE PUBLIC

AND PUTS ON A

POSITIVE AND

CELEBRATORY PRESENTATION

OF

PRESIDENT.

>> YOU

KNOW, AT

THE RESULT OF

THIS

IS THAT

OFTENTIMES THE

PUBLIC GETS A DIFFERENT ACCOUNT

THAT THE SCHOLARS AT WORK

TRYING

TO

ACCOUNT FOR THAT ON THE

RECORD.

>> THANK YOU BOTH FOR BEING

HERE.

YOU CAN CHECK OUT