WEBVTT 00:01.400 --> 00:02.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Hi there, I'm Tom Spencer, this week on Central Texas 00:02.900 --> 00:05.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Gardener, Certified Arborist, Andrew Angstrom, picks 00:05.766 --> 00:08.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% the biggest mistakes that topple our trees. 00:08.366 --> 00:10.000 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% See how to improve the lifespan 00:10.000 --> 00:11.933 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% of these long-term investments. 00:11.933 --> 00:14.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% On tour, at the Warrior and Family Support Center 00:14.533 --> 00:17.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% in San Antonio, visit a healing garden for wounded 00:17.466 --> 00:19.466 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% warriors and their families. 00:19.466 --> 00:21.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Daphne answers your Top Question and Trisha has 00:21.800 --> 00:23.933 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% your Backyard Basics tip. 00:23.933 --> 00:26.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% So, let's get growing, right here, right now. 00:26.733 --> 00:28.266 align:left position:10%,start line:5% size:80% - [Voiceover] Central Texas Gardener is sponsored 00:28.266 --> 00:30.533 align:left position:10%,start line:5% size:80% by the Austin Area Garden Center in Zilker Botanical 00:30.533 --> 00:33.466 align:left position:10%,start line:5% size:80% Garden, home of 31 local garden clubs and the Zilker 00:33.466 --> 00:36.266 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% Garden Festival, zilkergarden.org. 00:37.033 --> 00:38.900 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% (playful chime music and birds chirp) 00:51.700 --> 00:53.766 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - At the Warrior and Family Support Center, 00:53.766 --> 00:56.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% at the San Antonio Military Medical Center, 00:56.366 --> 00:59.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% see how community interaction developed a healing garden 00:59.366 --> 01:01.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% for wounded warriors and their families. 01:02.933 --> 01:04.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] At the Warrior and Family Support Center 01:04.366 --> 01:07.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% in San Antonio, another kind of healing is going on, 01:07.433 --> 01:10.433 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% at the San Antonio Military Medical Center. 01:10.433 --> 01:12.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Along with it's home-like, hill country ranch-style 01:12.800 --> 01:15.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Activity Center and Dining Room, acres of gardens 01:15.466 --> 01:18.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% assist soldiers and their families to physical and 01:18.366 --> 01:20.533 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% emotional recovery. 01:20.533 --> 01:24.300 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% In 2015, the American Horticultural Therapy Association 01:24.300 --> 01:27.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% presented them the Therapeutic Garden Design Award. 01:28.333 --> 01:29.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Judith Merkelz] The Warrior and Family Support Center 01:29.866 --> 01:33.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% was originally begun 12 years ago, moved into this site 01:33.066 --> 01:36.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% seven years ago and the purpose of it is to encourage 01:37.533 --> 01:40.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% warriors and their families, help them interact back 01:40.633 --> 01:45.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% into society, to a, overused expression but, 01:45.500 --> 01:48.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% a whole new normal, because their lives are changed forever. 01:48.466 --> 01:51.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% We provide activities, classes, anything that will allow 01:51.533 --> 01:55.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% them to be back, part of the community that they live in. 01:56.433 --> 01:59.933 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - My son was injured in Afghanistan and he came 01:59.933 --> 02:04.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to the finest center for treatment, which is here. 02:05.066 --> 02:07.766 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% And, that's how I came here. 02:08.066 --> 02:10.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% I came to see him, obviously, they sent for me, 02:10.900 --> 02:13.566 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% and I started walking around the track. 02:13.566 --> 02:16.333 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% I would notice a rose that needed pruning, 02:17.166 --> 02:20.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% or something that I thought could use a little bit of work. 02:20.633 --> 02:22.333 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% So I said, "Do you need volunteers?" 02:22.333 --> 02:24.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And they said, "We sure do, in the garden." 02:24.800 --> 02:26.400 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% That's how I started. 02:27.033 --> 02:29.333 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] To finance the building and the garden design, 02:29.333 --> 02:33.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Steve Huffman founded the nonprofit Returning Heroes Home, 02:33.033 --> 02:36.433 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% raising startup funds from over 8,000 donors. 02:36.966 --> 02:41.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - In 2007, we first met Judith Markelz, at the time she was 02:41.100 --> 02:43.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% in a room, in a hotel, and didn't have the space 02:43.966 --> 02:45.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% that she needed to really serve the wounded warriors 02:45.933 --> 02:47.400 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% and their families. 02:47.400 --> 02:49.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Judith] They raised all the monies and they did 02:49.500 --> 02:52.066 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% all the work, and we moved in. 02:52.466 --> 02:55.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - We have a lot of very severely injured and wounded 02:56.033 --> 02:59.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% soldiers here, burn patients, people with prosthetics, 02:59.533 --> 03:01.500 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% threatened amputations. 03:01.500 --> 03:04.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, they tend to be here for a very long time. 03:04.433 --> 03:07.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% When we started looking into the idea of therapeutic 03:07.033 --> 03:10.400 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% gardens on site, we started doing some research 03:10.400 --> 03:13.100 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% and found Brian Benson, with Quatrefoil, 03:13.100 --> 03:14.633 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% in Portland, Oregon. 03:15.000 --> 03:17.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Brian's main role was to layout the architechtural 03:17.433 --> 03:21.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% design, the raised planters, the walking surfaces, 03:21.433 --> 03:23.333 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% the berming activity. 03:23.333 --> 03:25.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] Dallas designer, Jennifer Golden, laid out 03:25.533 --> 03:28.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% the initial Texas stock plantings, financed by Returning 03:28.200 --> 03:30.266 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% Heroes Home. 03:30.266 --> 03:32.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Since then, local nurseries and gardeners jump in, 03:32.966 --> 03:35.066 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% to add plants and materials. 03:35.066 --> 03:37.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] The people in San Antonio have been phenomenal, 03:37.533 --> 03:41.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% you know, we get fertilizer donated, we get plants donated. 03:41.233 --> 03:44.333 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Everybody that I invite to come here and take a tour, 03:44.333 --> 03:47.433 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% they are just blown away with what has been done 03:47.433 --> 03:50.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% for wounded warriors, so they're just willing to help out. 03:50.666 --> 03:52.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] But, it's volunteers that keep the garden 03:52.600 --> 03:54.766 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% at it's best in every season. 03:54.766 --> 03:57.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Melody McMahon has nurtured it since day one. 03:57.866 --> 04:00.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - It was my neighbors, the Huffman's, who built the place 04:00.600 --> 04:03.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and I was at their house, and they were talking 04:03.933 --> 04:07.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% about building a facility for the wounded warriors and 04:07.033 --> 04:08.833 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% I asked if they needed help. 04:08.833 --> 04:10.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, I came out here the next week and I've been here 04:10.966 --> 04:12.400 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% ever since. 04:12.400 --> 04:14.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] Adair County Master Gardener, Melody 04:14.466 --> 04:17.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% eventually enlisted their help along with the Gardening 04:17.000 --> 04:19.333 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Volunteers of South Texas. 04:19.333 --> 04:21.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Almost every week, someone will stop and thank us 04:21.633 --> 04:22.966 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% for being here. 04:22.966 --> 04:27.166 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Which is something that I am just so amazed by, 04:27.166 --> 04:30.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% since I thank them for everything that they do, 04:30.500 --> 04:33.233 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% and, I just love being here. 04:33.233 --> 04:35.133 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% - [Voiceover] Some of the volunteers are actually moms, that 04:35.133 --> 04:37.533 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% are here with their sons. 04:37.533 --> 04:39.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - I have absolutely nothing, but an injured child, 04:39.800 --> 04:44.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% my one and only (laughter) and here I've watched 04:44.166 --> 04:47.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% the seasons, I've watched things growing and planting, 04:47.500 --> 04:50.666 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% and cutting back and dying, and renewing. 04:50.666 --> 04:54.466 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And, it's the best, the best remedy in the world 04:54.466 --> 04:55.800 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% for anybody. 04:55.800 --> 04:57.866 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - John Carter was hired as our Staff Gardener 04:57.866 --> 05:02.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% 2.5 years ago, and what a blessing he has been. 05:02.400 --> 05:04.333 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] They all want soldiers and families 05:04.333 --> 05:07.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to experience Texas hospitality, through it's plants 05:07.200 --> 05:08.666 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% and wildlife. 05:08.666 --> 05:10.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% They do avoid plants that remind soldiers where they 05:10.933 --> 05:12.666 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% received their injuries. 05:12.666 --> 05:14.400 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceove] The butterfly garden was one of my favorite 05:14.400 --> 05:18.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% pieces, having understood the patient population. 05:18.033 --> 05:20.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% The symbol of the butterfly is very important 05:20.200 --> 05:23.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to the caregivers and the people in the burn unit, 05:23.666 --> 05:25.900 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% because they see it as a symbol of hope. 05:25.900 --> 05:28.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Just like a caterpillar is cocooned and then turns 05:28.900 --> 05:30.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% into a butterfly, it's the same thing that happens 05:30.800 --> 05:32.300 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% in the burn unit. 05:32.300 --> 05:34.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% These patients are cocooned in bandages and it takes them 05:34.200 --> 05:37.266 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% months to even be able to go outdoors. 05:37.266 --> 05:40.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And for them, once they get here, it's an amazing, 05:40.166 --> 05:45.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% therapeutic situation that we can't even comprehend. 05:45.500 --> 05:47.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] We plant things on purpose, to bring in, 05:47.766 --> 05:49.633 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% especially the monarchs. 05:49.633 --> 05:51.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% They wanted to have a variety and show what can 05:51.966 --> 05:55.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% grow in this area, but what was so cool, is the other day, 05:55.866 --> 06:00.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% a soldier was here and he was from Chicago, originally. 06:00.833 --> 06:03.666 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And, he wanted a picture of him holding an apple, 06:03.666 --> 06:06.400 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% so he could send it to his mom, in Chicago. (laughter) 06:06.400 --> 06:08.533 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% It was so cute. 06:08.533 --> 06:11.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] The variety of surfaces does more that create 06:11.200 --> 06:14.266 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% unique journeys from one space to another. 06:14.266 --> 06:15.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] They want to be able to walk on some 06:15.933 --> 06:19.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% soft grass, and they want something that's not desert, 06:19.533 --> 06:21.533 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% especially if they've come back from war. 06:21.533 --> 06:24.033 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% They want something that's green 06:24.033 --> 06:27.900 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% and lush and soothing. 06:27.900 --> 06:30.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% When they are fitted with their prosthetic limb, sometimes 06:30.766 --> 06:33.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% they need to learn how to walk on them, on different 06:33.066 --> 06:36.833 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% surfaces, so they, on purpose, did concrete, 06:37.600 --> 06:40.166 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% different bricks, the crushed granite. 06:40.166 --> 06:42.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% We even have a bridge in the back that they can 06:42.300 --> 06:45.100 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% walk over and it's a little wobbly. 06:45.100 --> 06:48.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% So, it's just to help them learn on different surfaces 06:48.166 --> 06:49.766 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% how to walk again. 06:49.766 --> 06:52.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - And, there's also an artificial turf field, that's 06:52.666 --> 06:54.433 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% used by the physical therapist. 06:54.433 --> 06:56.433 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% So, there's regularly scheduled group therapy 06:56.433 --> 06:58.966 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% sessions, out on the turf field. 06:59.433 --> 07:02.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] Since families can spend months or years here, 07:02.266 --> 07:04.866 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% playgrounds let children run around and have fun, 07:04.866 --> 07:06.266 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% like they did at home. 07:06.266 --> 07:08.833 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Important therapy for their parents, too. 07:08.833 --> 07:11.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Families often gather in the covered pavilion, where 07:11.100 --> 07:14.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% sponsors provide barbecues, breakfasts, and other events. 07:14.700 --> 07:17.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - We have breakfasts here every Saturday morning for 200 07:17.800 --> 07:19.300 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% and some odd people. 07:19.300 --> 07:20.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Everything is free here, no money exchanges hands between 07:20.833 --> 07:25.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% warriors, staff, everything is free and everything is 07:26.066 --> 07:27.900 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% sponsored by donated money. 07:27.900 --> 07:30.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] It adjoins the Purple Heart Patio, enjoyed 07:30.100 --> 07:33.200 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% not only on ceremonial occasions. 07:33.200 --> 07:35.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Its grapevine covered pergola, framed by fragrance 07:35.800 --> 07:40.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and color, invites daily reflection on service and honor. 07:40.700 --> 07:43.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Everywhere, there's soothing water to induce emotional 07:43.366 --> 07:46.133 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% calm and temper the Texas heat. 07:46.133 --> 07:48.333 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% There's also water from above. 07:48.333 --> 07:51.433 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% Misters, along porches, pathways, and the kitchen pavilion 07:51.433 --> 07:54.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% cool soldiers who can't regulate their body heat. 07:55.300 --> 07:56.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - [Voiceover] An additional consideration for the burn 07:56.966 --> 07:59.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% patients in particular, there's shade structures that are 07:59.233 --> 08:01.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% located relatively close to the building out 08:01.500 --> 08:03.133 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% in the garden areas. 08:03.133 --> 08:08.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - You know, he has a light sensitivity, from his injury, 08:08.200 --> 08:11.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and so, it's hard for him to come out in sunlight, 08:11.733 --> 08:15.600 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% but he comes out, I bring him out. 08:15.600 --> 08:17.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - I talked to one of the burn patients and he said, 08:17.800 --> 08:20.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% for a couple months he couldn't even see out a window, 08:20.100 --> 08:22.266 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% couldn't sit in a wheelchair. 08:22.266 --> 08:24.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% He said, as soon as he could sit in the wheelchair, he said, 08:24.000 --> 08:26.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% "Just push me to a window, I have to see outside." 08:26.600 --> 08:28.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And this place was the first place he came to, when they 08:28.600 --> 08:30.033 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% let him out of the hospital. 08:30.033 --> 08:32.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Because, he said, "I heard there was this great place, 08:32.033 --> 08:33.900 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% on campus." 08:33.900 --> 08:36.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - I just feel like, if I can help the wounded warriors 08:36.800 --> 08:40.066 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% and their families, you know, come back to life, 08:40.066 --> 08:43.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% then just feel better for one day, that's what I'm here for. 08:43.633 --> 08:47.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - I have hundreds of friends here, they all stop to hug me. 08:47.733 --> 08:52.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% They're walking on one leg, or two legs, or you know, 08:52.233 --> 08:56.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% missing arms, burns, whatever it is, and they are walking 08:56.866 --> 09:00.200 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% the tracks and stopping to chat. 09:00.200 --> 09:03.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Oh, it is wonderful, smelling the flowers, 'cause I'll make 09:03.033 --> 09:06.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% sure they know which ones are perfumed. (laughter) 09:06.600 --> 09:11.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - For a moment in time, you're where you used to be, 09:11.066 --> 09:13.800 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% and you will never be again. 09:13.800 --> 09:16.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% On the front door it says, 'Life is all about how you handle 09:16.766 --> 09:19.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Plan B here, 'cause Plan A is gone'. 09:19.966 --> 09:22.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% So, part of our job, and all of the community's job 09:22.733 --> 09:25.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% is to help them find and succeed at Plan B. 09:26.533 --> 09:29.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - What a beautiful and powerful place, that just 09:29.133 --> 09:33.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% lends testimony to the power of gardens to heal people 09:33.100 --> 09:35.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and we're really grateful for the creators of that garden 09:35.900 --> 09:37.500 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% in San Antonio. 09:37.500 --> 09:39.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% We're now gonna be talking about caring for trees, and 09:39.866 --> 09:42.333 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% I'm joined by Andrew Angstrom. 09:42.333 --> 09:45.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% He is a Certified Arborist with Bartlett Tree Experts 09:45.033 --> 09:46.300 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% here in Austin. 09:46.300 --> 09:47.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Welcome to the program, great to have you here. 09:47.800 --> 09:49.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - Yeah, thank you, thanks for havin' me. 09:49.366 --> 09:51.333 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - This is a great time of year to be thinking about trees, 09:51.333 --> 09:53.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% this is tree planting time, in Central Texas, and I love 09:53.933 --> 09:56.066 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% to plant trees in the Fall. 09:56.066 --> 09:58.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, this has been a particularly kind of tough year 09:58.833 --> 10:00.700 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% for trees, it seems like. 10:00.700 --> 10:04.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - It really has, we had a lot of very strange weather, 10:04.633 --> 10:07.133 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% that has actually been catastrophic, especially to a lot 10:07.133 --> 10:10.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% of new trees, just because they weren't ready 10:10.300 --> 10:13.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% for the inundation and the low temperatures, followed 10:13.566 --> 10:16.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% by an immediate snap of hundred degree temperatures. 10:16.866 --> 10:19.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - It's like somebody turned the oven on, right? 10:19.566 --> 10:21.066 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% - Yeah, after being drowned. 10:21.066 --> 10:23.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - And, what I've noticed is a tremendous amount 10:23.400 --> 10:25.500 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% of leaf drop, early. 10:25.500 --> 10:28.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Yes, and I think that was from the heat, not being 10:28.166 --> 10:30.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% as gradual as we usually get it, and I think it was also 10:30.833 --> 10:33.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% from a lot of trees actually losing portions of their 10:33.533 --> 10:37.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% root systems to root rot, from that heavy inundation, 10:37.833 --> 10:39.500 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% that we had early in the summer. 10:39.500 --> 10:41.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Interesting, yeah, yeah, I was wondering maybe they 10:41.166 --> 10:43.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% just got too exuberant in the spring and put 10:43.133 --> 10:44.633 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% on too much foliage. 10:44.633 --> 10:47.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - That's a possibility, I'm sure in some cases that was it, 10:47.100 --> 10:49.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% but I've been seeing a lot, where I've come in and found 10:49.566 --> 10:53.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% rotten roots, below the trees that have lost their leaves. 10:53.433 --> 10:56.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Interesting, so anything for those situations that people 10:56.433 --> 10:58.766 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% might want to consider doing? 10:58.766 --> 11:02.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - If we have situations like that, where we have rain, 11:02.366 --> 11:07.333 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% nonstop for months, and you have trees that are sensitive 11:07.333 --> 11:10.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to root rot, or in low areas, or if you find areas where 11:10.866 --> 11:12.200 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% there's pooling water,-- 11:12.200 --> 11:13.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - Pooling water is a sure sign, right? 11:13.733 --> 11:17.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Yes, we actually have a treatment, that is preventative, 11:17.033 --> 11:20.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% for root rot, and it'll actually paralyze the fungus before 11:20.633 --> 11:23.666 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% it can begin rotting out a lot of the roots. 11:23.666 --> 11:25.766 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - Oh cool, so is that a chemical intervention or 11:25.766 --> 11:27.066 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% a physical intervention? 11:27.066 --> 11:29.033 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - It is, it is chemical intervention. 11:29.033 --> 11:32.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% We do an application to the soil, but if the root rot's 11:32.700 --> 11:34.833 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% really bad and it's made it's way into the stem, 11:34.833 --> 11:36.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% we actually apply it to the stem as well. 11:36.633 --> 11:41.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Okay, okay, well, people can avoid this rotting situations 11:41.800 --> 11:45.200 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% by planting trees at an appropriate height. 11:45.200 --> 11:48.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And this is something that people just don't get, and we 11:48.566 --> 11:50.833 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% need to repeat this every single year. 11:50.833 --> 11:53.600 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% But, always recommend planting just a little 11:53.600 --> 11:55.000 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% bit high, right? 11:55.000 --> 11:57.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Yes, there's an old saying, it's plant them high 11:57.900 --> 12:00.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% they won't die, plant them low they won't grow. 12:00.733 --> 12:04.400 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, it really is a good saying, especially because 12:04.400 --> 12:07.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% when we get rain here, we get a lot of rain, and 12:07.200 --> 12:09.533 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% if you have a low plant it's gonna make a bowl, 12:09.533 --> 12:12.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% it's gonna rot out that stem and the roots in there. 12:12.633 --> 12:14.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Right. - [Andrew] And, having it high 12:14.866 --> 12:17.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% has a lot of advantages, so you always want to plant high. 12:17.200 --> 12:22.200 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - Yeah, and I typically, just as a gauge, say 12:22.266 --> 12:24.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% if I'm planting a five gallon plant, I'll set it 12:24.966 --> 12:26.400 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% in the planting hole. 12:26.400 --> 12:28.533 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% I want it to be about an inch or two above 12:28.533 --> 12:30.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% the surrounding area, is that appropriate height, 12:30.366 --> 12:31.700 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% or should I go even higher. 12:31.700 --> 12:33.466 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - Yeah, no an inch or two is pretty good. 12:33.466 --> 12:36.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% If you know you have some space and you think it's gonna 12:36.433 --> 12:38.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% settle, by your soil type, it might even be better 12:38.666 --> 12:40.600 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% to go higher. 12:40.600 --> 12:42.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% If you ever, I would always say, put it in, and 12:42.900 --> 12:45.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% then once you think you got it just right, move it up 12:45.166 --> 12:46.433 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% about an inch. 12:46.433 --> 12:48.333 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% - Okay, okay, that makes sense. 12:48.333 --> 12:51.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% You know, one of the tragedies for a lot of people, 12:51.200 --> 12:53.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% and they bring a tree home from the nursery, 12:53.733 --> 12:56.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% they're very careful not to disturb the root system. 12:56.200 --> 13:00.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% They put the plant in the ground and then, five years 13:00.700 --> 13:03.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and the plant grows and seems to flourish, for two or three 13:03.766 --> 13:05.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% years, maybe something as long as five years, and then 13:05.900 --> 13:07.533 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% all of a sudden, it just dies. 13:07.533 --> 13:10.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, this is often caused by girdled roots, how does 13:10.133 --> 13:11.600 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% that occur? 13:11.600 --> 13:14.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - So, girdled roots are a phenomenon that most often 13:14.166 --> 13:17.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% occur because of the way they are in a nursery. 13:17.733 --> 13:19.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% The roots will grow out, they'll hit the edge of the pot 13:19.700 --> 13:21.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% or whatever container they're in and they they'll start 13:21.233 --> 13:22.800 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% to spiral. 13:22.800 --> 13:26.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, as that spiraling continues and you up and up 'em 13:26.133 --> 13:28.266 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% into bigger pots, and the spiraling keeps happening as they 13:28.266 --> 13:31.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% hit the edge, because they haven't been sold yet. 13:31.100 --> 13:33.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, then they just put that in the soil, those roots 13:33.633 --> 13:36.166 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% continue to move in that spiral fashion. 13:36.166 --> 13:38.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% So, as the roots grow, the trees grow, they actually make 13:38.800 --> 13:40.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% contact with each other and they'll start to choke, 13:40.900 --> 13:42.666 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% the tree. 13:42.666 --> 13:45.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, a lot of times, people won't know they're girdling 13:45.566 --> 13:48.400 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% roots at all until the tree's on it's way out, from being 13:48.400 --> 13:49.733 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% choked to death. 13:49.733 --> 13:51.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - All right well, I understand that you do have 13:51.700 --> 13:54.266 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% an intervention for girdled trees. 13:54.266 --> 13:57.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% That sounds real interesting, even years after the fact. 13:57.433 --> 14:00.333 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Yeah, ideally you want to get rid of those girdling roots 14:00.333 --> 14:01.800 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% at planting. 14:01.800 --> 14:04.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% A lot of the research that we've done at our research lab 14:04.566 --> 14:08.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% actually shows that heavily cutting into the root system 14:08.466 --> 14:11.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% of a tree, at planting will save you a lot of headache 14:11.866 --> 14:13.866 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% down the road, in terms of girdling. 14:13.866 --> 14:16.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Yeah, I'll either use the edge of the spade and cut 14:16.700 --> 14:20.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% the root ball, or take a garden fork and just rip 14:20.133 --> 14:22.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% into it, until the roots are hangin' out like hairs. 14:22.566 --> 14:25.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Yeah, and it's even gotten more serious than that, 14:25.233 --> 14:26.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% what they're finding, they're goin' in with hatchets 14:26.866 --> 14:29.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% now, deep into the root ball, reaching in and yanking 14:29.200 --> 14:31.800 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% the roots out to try and-- 14:31.800 --> 14:33.233 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% - That's kinda traumatic! 14:33.233 --> 14:35.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - It seems very traumatic, and when you're doin' it and 14:35.266 --> 14:37.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% you hear those roots gettin' chopped it feels painful, 14:37.800 --> 14:41.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% but, it's just, compared to dealing with girdling roots 14:41.166 --> 14:43.700 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% problem down the road, it saves a lot. 14:43.700 --> 14:47.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, it shows that, after three or four years that tree will 14:47.266 --> 14:50.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% catch up to the one that didn't have it's roots cut. 14:50.000 --> 14:53.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Right, and let's talk about, if you do have a tree 14:53.933 --> 14:57.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% that you suspect is girdled, you have a process 14:57.033 --> 15:01.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% that is pretty complicated, but it can save the tree. 15:01.166 --> 15:03.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - Yeah, it's not super complicated. 15:03.400 --> 15:05.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% What we do is, we come in with an air tool, called 15:05.566 --> 15:08.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% an air spade, and this tool basically just fires 15:08.633 --> 15:11.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% a powerful blast of air that we use to clean off the base 15:11.766 --> 15:13.233 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% of the tree. 15:13.233 --> 15:15.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Because, usually if the roots are girdled, that means 15:15.800 --> 15:18.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% the tree's been planted too low, and you can't even see 15:18.900 --> 15:20.433 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% the girdled roots. 15:20.433 --> 15:23.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% So, first we have to excavate what's called the root collar, 15:23.066 --> 15:26.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% or the root flare, where the roots flare out into the soil, 15:26.000 --> 15:28.766 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% and that's where we find those girdling roots. 15:28.766 --> 15:31.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% So, once we get that all clean and we can see very detailed, 15:31.466 --> 15:33.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% you know, which roots we're looking at, which 15:33.800 --> 15:36.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% are causing the damage, we go in with wood chisels 15:36.700 --> 15:39.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and mallets and actually surgically remove those roots. 15:39.966 --> 15:42.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% In the winter, we like to do this. 15:42.366 --> 15:44.100 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - Yes, a good thing to do in the winter. 15:44.100 --> 15:46.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Yeah, because it's also a pretty traumatic experience, 15:46.533 --> 15:49.333 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% but compared to the damage those roots can cause, 15:49.333 --> 15:50.933 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% it's worth it to get it done. 15:50.933 --> 15:53.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Well, you know, a lot of people if their planting a tree 15:53.766 --> 15:56.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% they wonder how close they should plant it to a home, 15:56.700 --> 15:59.666 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% or can they build things over the roots? 15:59.666 --> 16:01.500 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Let's talk about those issues. 16:01.500 --> 16:03.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% What are some of the recommendations you have 16:03.300 --> 16:07.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% for the placement of the tree in say, regards to a 16:07.266 --> 16:10.566 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% walkway or to a foundation? 16:11.666 --> 16:15.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - There's a general rule, foundation they say 10 feet. 16:16.066 --> 16:18.200 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% You know, it really depends on the species. 16:18.200 --> 16:19.600 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% - Of course. 16:19.600 --> 16:22.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - So, I like that general rule, I think it works 16:22.533 --> 16:25.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% pretty well, but everything else is kinda situational. 16:25.266 --> 16:27.466 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Whenever you're planting a tree, there's a lot 16:27.466 --> 16:29.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% of certified arborists who will come to your property 16:29.666 --> 16:32.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% at no cost and can help you find a good spot for it. 16:33.600 --> 16:36.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And that's usually the best, because there's far 16:36.200 --> 16:39.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% too many variables to just give you a general rule. 16:39.033 --> 16:40.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - So, let's talk about that root zone and protecting 16:40.933 --> 16:44.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% the root zone from say, major infrastructure investment, 16:44.733 --> 16:46.866 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% like expanding a home, for example. 16:46.866 --> 16:50.400 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Yeah, again it depends on the species, but protecting 16:50.400 --> 16:53.400 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% the root zone, when you are building is extremely 16:53.400 --> 16:56.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% important and the city actually has a lot of rules 16:56.500 --> 17:00.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% put in place to sort of facilitate that protection. 17:01.100 --> 17:04.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, what they essentially recommend, is you take 17:04.666 --> 17:09.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% the diameter of the tree at 4.5 feet above the ground, 17:09.766 --> 17:13.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and you take it in inches, convert that to feet. 17:13.666 --> 17:17.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% So, if you have a 10 inch tree, you take 10 feet, cut that 17:17.200 --> 17:19.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% in half, that's five feet, and you want to stay out 17:19.533 --> 17:21.233 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% of that five feet. 17:21.233 --> 17:24.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Any impacts further into that five foot zone, and you're 17:24.066 --> 17:26.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% gonna be damaging a severe portion of that root system, 17:26.900 --> 17:28.733 align:left position:30%,start line:83% size:60% and most species can't take that. 17:28.733 --> 17:31.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Well, that's a pretty good rule of thumb, so four feet up, 17:32.500 --> 17:37.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% measure in inches and then equate in feet, and cut in half. 17:37.166 --> 17:39.166 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - Yes. - [Tom] Okay, got it. 17:39.166 --> 17:41.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% (laughter) Math, on Central Texas Gardener, I like that. 17:41.566 --> 17:45.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% All right, so the city has some pretty strict rules, though, 17:45.100 --> 17:46.900 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% about trees. 17:46.900 --> 17:49.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, that's another service that arborists provide, now. 17:49.666 --> 17:53.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, I applaud the city for trying to protect these, what 17:53.566 --> 17:56.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% they call 'Heritage Trees' I believe. 17:56.500 --> 17:59.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% But again, there're rules that apply, that people need 17:59.700 --> 18:01.233 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% to be aware of. 18:01.233 --> 18:03.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Actually, I'm a huge fan of the rules the city has put 18:03.533 --> 18:07.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% in place, 'cause it helps Austin maintain the green vibrance 18:07.033 --> 18:11.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% that we have, instead of turning into a concrete wasteland. 18:12.066 --> 18:13.933 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Of course, it makes things more challenging, 18:13.933 --> 18:17.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% but the challenge is well worth it, in my opinion. 18:17.433 --> 18:20.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And yeah, the general rule for most homeowners is, 18:20.266 --> 18:22.866 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% protected trees start at 19 inches. 18:22.866 --> 18:25.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% So, that's a pretty decent sized tree-- 18:25.300 --> 18:26.600 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% - That's a big tree, yeah. 18:26.600 --> 18:28.033 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - that you start having to worry about, 18:28.033 --> 18:31.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% but at that 19 inches you start needing permits 18:31.066 --> 18:33.233 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% to do a lot of work. 18:33.233 --> 18:35.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% So, if you wanna remove that tree, you have 18:35.233 --> 18:37.533 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% to have justification to remove that tree. 18:37.533 --> 18:39.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% If you want to impact that half critical root zone, 18:39.966 --> 18:42.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% like I was talking about, you need a permit to do that. 18:42.966 --> 18:44.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - Okay. - [Andrew] And luckily 18:44.400 --> 18:47.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% there's a lot of arborists in Austin, that will be more 18:47.300 --> 18:49.900 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% than happy to help you navigate that process. 18:49.900 --> 18:52.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Okay, we only have enough time for a real brief 18:52.133 --> 18:54.233 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% response here, but I wanna ask. 18:55.166 --> 18:57.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% What do you tell customers about watering trees, 18:57.433 --> 18:58.866 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% young trees? 18:59.500 --> 19:01.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - First, you need to do it. (laughter) 19:01.966 --> 19:04.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% You absolutely have to water young trees. 19:04.233 --> 19:06.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% I would say the first two years, you know, you wanna 19:06.966 --> 19:10.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% be getting water on those trees twice a week, especially 19:10.933 --> 19:12.933 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% in the summer, or maybe even three times a week. 19:12.933 --> 19:14.666 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% - Okay, in the summer. 19:14.666 --> 19:17.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - But, water is essential to growth and it's one 19:17.933 --> 19:21.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% of the major limiting factors here in Texas, is our water. 19:21.366 --> 19:23.133 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% So, that's my big tip. 19:23.133 --> 19:25.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Okay, well Andrew, it's been a pleasure, thank you 19:25.100 --> 19:26.500 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% for coming on. 19:26.500 --> 19:29.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% We've hit some great topics, so I'm glad to meet you. 19:29.100 --> 19:30.566 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% - Yeah, thanks for havin' me. 19:30.566 --> 19:32.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% - Coming up next is our friend Daphne. 19:36.033 --> 19:38.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Hi, I'm Daphne Richards and this is Augie. 19:38.733 --> 19:40.866 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Our question this week comes from Jane, 19:40.866 --> 19:42.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% who wrote to report these odd obtrusions 19:42.966 --> 19:45.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% she noticed on a tree in the open area park 19:45.400 --> 19:47.833 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% by the water treatment plant out 35th. 19:47.833 --> 19:50.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Well Jane, these are definitely odd, and I think 19:50.466 --> 19:53.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% most people would even say they're kind of cool looking. 19:53.233 --> 19:55.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% But, they're not a good sign, they are what are commonly 19:55.900 --> 19:57.700 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% known as shelf fungi. 19:57.700 --> 20:00.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, as with many fungal organisms, they feed on decaying 20:00.666 --> 20:02.200 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% organic matter. 20:02.200 --> 20:04.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% That's normally a good thing, since it means that you can 20:04.233 --> 20:07.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% control them by making cultural changes in your garden 20:07.200 --> 20:10.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to make it less friendly for them to grow and thrive. 20:10.033 --> 20:13.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% But, since these are growing out of a live tree, that's not 20:13.100 --> 20:15.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% exactly an environment that you can change. 20:15.366 --> 20:18.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% As you probably know, wood is dead, and many different 20:18.600 --> 20:21.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% fungi love to feed on rotting wood. 20:21.233 --> 20:24.400 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% These particular fungi, if conditions are right, move 20:24.400 --> 20:27.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% into a tree, in an opening due to some sort of wound 20:27.233 --> 20:28.733 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% near the base. 20:28.733 --> 20:31.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, they start chomping down on that dead wood, which 20:31.566 --> 20:34.100 align:left position:30%,start line:83% size:60% causes it to rot from the inside. 20:34.100 --> 20:37.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Shelf fungi don't kill the tree overnight, but it will start 20:37.833 --> 20:41.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to decline over time, and will eventually succumb. 20:41.166 --> 20:43.800 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% They're not contagious, so there's no reason to cut the tree 20:43.800 --> 20:46.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% down if it's otherwise healthy, just watch for signs 20:46.933 --> 20:49.166 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% that it's starting to decline more quickly. 20:49.166 --> 20:52.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, cut it down once it becomes too unsightly or turns 20:52.033 --> 20:54.100 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% into a potential hazard. 20:54.100 --> 20:58.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Our plant this week is Mexican Buckeye, Ungnadia speciosa. 20:58.866 --> 21:01.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% This wonderful, little Texas native tree is a real 21:01.500 --> 21:05.266 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% showstopper in late winter and early spring. 21:05.266 --> 21:08.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% It's deciduous and like many spring-flowering trees, 21:08.100 --> 21:11.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% it puts on a beautiful floral display for a few short weeks 21:11.166 --> 21:13.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% just as it's putting on new leaves for the year. 21:13.966 --> 21:17.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% The pink flowers are similar to Mexican Red Bud, 21:17.066 --> 21:19.100 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% another great small tree. 21:19.100 --> 21:21.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% But, the special thing about Mexican Buckeye, is that it's 21:21.533 --> 21:24.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% an understory tree, meaning that it grows great 21:24.300 --> 21:26.166 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% in bright shade. 21:26.166 --> 21:28.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% We don't have a lot of choices for shady yards, and that 21:28.733 --> 21:31.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% list is even shorter for plants with bloom as beautiful 21:31.433 --> 21:32.866 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% as these. 21:32.866 --> 21:35.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% It can also take a sunny spot in your garden, where it 21:35.300 --> 21:38.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% will get a little bit bigger, up to 30 feet tall. 21:38.866 --> 21:41.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% It has a shrubby, multi-trunked habit, but you can 21:41.600 --> 21:44.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% easily tame that to a single trunk if you want it 21:44.300 --> 21:46.200 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% to be more tree-like. 21:46.200 --> 21:48.666 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Mexican Buckeye doesn't need too much water, 21:48.666 --> 21:50.933 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% but it needs a little, about as much as other 21:50.933 --> 21:52.766 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% shade-loving plants. 21:52.766 --> 21:55.300 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% It can take slightly heavy soil, but it prefers good 21:55.300 --> 21:58.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% drainage or even soil that's a little on the porous side. 21:58.733 --> 22:01.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% And, it doesn't need much pruning, except to give it 22:01.366 --> 22:03.533 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% a little shape, if you want to. 22:03.533 --> 22:06.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% It's not susceptible to cold and even has very attractive 22:06.533 --> 22:09.333 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% fruit, so all in all, you just can't beat it. 22:09.333 --> 22:12.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Our viewer picture this week comes from Jean Warner, 22:12.000 --> 22:14.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% of her lovely, summer-blooming crepe myrtle. 22:14.933 --> 22:19.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% We love to hear from you, so please visit us at klru.org/ctg 22:20.300 --> 22:24.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to send us your questions and plants from your garden. 22:24.033 --> 22:26.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Thanks Daphne, now let's check in with Trisha Shirey 22:26.900 --> 22:28.566 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% for Backyard Basics. 22:28.966 --> 22:31.000 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% (chime and guitar music) 22:32.666 --> 22:34.700 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Many gardeners hang up their shovels once the spring 22:34.700 --> 22:38.100 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and summer gardening seasons wind down, but fall can be 22:38.100 --> 22:40.166 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% our busiest garden season. 22:40.166 --> 22:43.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Temperatures are more forgiving, we get more rainfall 22:43.133 --> 22:45.100 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% and there are fewer insects to deal with. 22:45.100 --> 22:47.500 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% So, it's an ideal time to garden. 22:47.500 --> 22:49.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% There are many things that we can grow, only in the 22:49.633 --> 22:53.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% winter season, like greens, cilantro, and lettuce, kohlrabi, 22:53.600 --> 22:56.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% turnips, onions, and garlic, and don't forget kale. 22:56.666 --> 22:58.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Next spring, you'll be wishing that you'd added some 22:58.633 --> 23:02.400 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% daffodils, tulips, dutch iris or fragrant hyacinths 23:02.400 --> 23:03.900 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% to your garden. 23:03.900 --> 23:07.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% The time to buy them and plant the bulbs is in the fall. 23:07.266 --> 23:09.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% They'll be building strong roots all winter to support 23:09.866 --> 23:12.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% those showy blooms in the spring. 23:12.366 --> 23:15.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Bulbs like tulips and hyacinths need weeks of refrigeration 23:15.733 --> 23:18.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to bloom well, so you need to buy them early enough 23:18.666 --> 23:21.566 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% to give them the cold storage that they need. 23:21.566 --> 23:24.033 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Wild flowers are planted in the fall, too. 23:24.033 --> 23:27.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Add more blooms to keep bees, butterflies and other 23:27.200 --> 23:30.466 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% insects happy and for your own enjoyment, too. 23:30.466 --> 23:32.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Many of the spring blooming perennials are divided 23:32.966 --> 23:34.500 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% in the fall. 23:34.500 --> 23:37.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% So, day lilies and iris that're too crowded, will fail 23:37.666 --> 23:41.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to bloom as will crowded spring blooming bulbs like 23:41.566 --> 23:43.433 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% daffodils and dutch iris. 23:43.433 --> 23:45.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% So, lift them out, prepare the soil with compost and 23:45.966 --> 23:48.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% amendments and give them some room to bloom again. 23:48.933 --> 23:52.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Fall is also an excellent time to plant trees, shrubs, and 23:52.800 --> 23:54.433 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% hearty perennials. 23:54.433 --> 23:57.600 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Milder fall temperatures and more rainfall, let new plants 23:57.600 --> 24:00.800 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% get a good root system established so that they're ready 24:00.800 --> 24:04.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to handle the soaring heat of summer after about a six month 24:04.000 --> 24:06.100 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% head start. 24:06.100 --> 24:08.866 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% You can choose your red oaks and maple trees and other showy 24:08.866 --> 24:12.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% fall color plants in fall, when you get to see their color 24:12.166 --> 24:14.933 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% as they're changing in their nursery container. 24:14.933 --> 24:17.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Some red oaks are brilliant reds and oranges, while others 24:17.500 --> 24:19.133 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% are just a ruddy brown. 24:19.133 --> 24:22.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% So, you get to find out what it's going to have. 24:22.300 --> 24:25.033 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Getting spring flowering shrubs and vines planted 24:25.033 --> 24:27.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% in the fall allows them to get the roots established 24:27.833 --> 24:31.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% before they're stressed by their bloom cycle in spring. 24:31.233 --> 24:34.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Wisteria, trumpet creeper, mountain laurels and spirea 24:34.433 --> 24:37.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% are all good candidates for fall planting. 24:37.366 --> 24:40.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% That head start will give them time to shine in spring. 24:40.800 --> 24:43.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Tender perennials that can be somewhat iffy here 24:43.566 --> 24:46.433 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% in winter, are best left for spring planting. 24:46.433 --> 24:48.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% When these plants are dormant in winter, it's very 24:48.766 --> 24:51.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% easy for their roots to rot in the soil, with a prolonged 24:51.966 --> 24:53.866 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% cold and wet spell. 24:53.866 --> 24:57.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% So, wait until spring to add lantana, firebush, plumbago, 24:57.833 --> 25:01.100 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% bird of paradise and tender salvias. 25:01.100 --> 25:03.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Once they're well established, after spring planting, they 25:03.933 --> 25:06.300 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% can handle the stress of winter. 25:06.300 --> 25:08.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% You want to make sure all your plantings are well mulched 25:08.800 --> 25:12.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% with compost and with wood mulch to keep them warmer 25:12.000 --> 25:14.133 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% and more moist in winter. 25:14.133 --> 25:16.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Mulching while the soil is warm gives plants 25:16.400 --> 25:17.900 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% more protection. 25:17.900 --> 25:20.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Consider planting cover crops like eldon rye, vetch, 25:20.800 --> 25:24.200 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% or other winter peas to improve your garden beds. 25:24.200 --> 25:26.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% If you're not going to grow as many vegetables during 25:26.533 --> 25:29.966 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% the fall and are scaling back your planting areas, 25:29.966 --> 25:32.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% perennial rye seeds can be overseeded over lawns 25:32.800 --> 25:35.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% that are sparse to keep winter weeds from taking over. 25:35.766 --> 25:38.266 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Mowing the grass all winter will add organic material 25:38.266 --> 25:41.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to improve water retention and soil health all winter, 25:41.766 --> 25:44.400 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and you can collect the grass clippings on some of your 25:44.400 --> 25:46.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% mowings to make a nitrogen rich compost with your 25:46.833 --> 25:48.233 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% fall leaves. 25:48.233 --> 25:50.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Annual rye is much cheaper, but it grows much faster 25:50.533 --> 25:53.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% and requires more mowing that perennial rye, and 25:53.133 --> 25:56.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% I like having a little down time from weekly mowing chores. 25:56.500 --> 25:59.133 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Fall is no time to put away your garden tools, I find it's 25:59.133 --> 26:01.466 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% the busiest time of year for me. 26:01.466 --> 26:03.166 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% For Backyard Basics, I'm Trisha Shirey, 26:03.166 --> 26:04.633 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% thanks for watching. 26:04.633 --> 26:07.533 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% - Check out our website to watch past episodes, get plant 26:07.533 --> 26:09.733 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% lists and monthly garden chores. 26:09.733 --> 26:12.166 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And find us on Face Book and Instagram, too. 26:12.166 --> 26:14.600 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Until next time, I'll see you in the garden. 26:14.966 --> 26:16.966 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% (peppy electronic music) 26:33.233 --> 26:34.900 align:left position:10%,start line:5% size:80% - [Voiceover] Central Texas Gardener is sponsored 26:34.900 --> 26:37.100 align:left position:10%,start line:5% size:80% by the Austin Area Garden Center in Zilker Botanical 26:37.100 --> 26:40.033 align:left position:10%,start line:5% size:80% Garden, home of 31 local garden clubs and the Zilker 26:40.033 --> 26:42.866 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% Garden festival, zilkergarden.org.