1 00:00:09,275 --> 00:00:10,908 >>> I JUST SAW THE MOVIE LAST 2 00:00:10,911 --> 00:00:12,143 WEEKEND. 3 00:00:12,146 --> 00:00:13,277 I WAS JUST THRILLED TO SEE OUR 4 00:00:13,280 --> 00:00:15,079 PATH FINDER CAMERA WAS ONE OF 5 00:00:15,082 --> 00:00:16,981 THE STARS OF THE SHOW. 6 00:00:16,984 --> 00:00:18,383 BECAUSE THIS BECOMES THE 7 00:00:18,386 --> 00:00:20,351 COMMUNICATION PATH FOR MARS TO 8 00:00:20,354 --> 00:00:21,419 THE EARTH. 9 00:00:21,422 --> 00:00:22,353 RETRIEVING OF THE OLD PATH 10 00:00:22,356 --> 00:00:23,688 FINDER SYSTEM. 11 00:00:23,691 --> 00:00:26,724 POWERING IT UP AGAIN AFTER ALL 12 00:00:26,727 --> 00:00:30,328 THESE YEARS AND THEN USING IT TO 13 00:00:30,331 --> 00:00:30,628 COMMUNICATE BOTH PICTURES AND 14 00:00:30,631 --> 00:00:32,630 DATA. 15 00:00:32,633 --> 00:00:33,765 REALLY EXCITING TO SEE OUR 16 00:00:33,768 --> 00:00:35,466 CAMERA USED THAT WAY. 17 00:00:35,469 --> 00:00:35,800 >> SUSTAINING LIFE ON THE RED 18 00:00:35,803 --> 00:00:39,570 PLANET. 19 00:00:39,573 --> 00:00:39,971 WE'LL GO INSIDE THE MARS 20 00:00:39,974 --> 00:00:42,273 GREENHOUSE. 21 00:00:42,276 --> 00:00:44,876 >> SHOULD BE ABLE TO PRODUCE 50% 22 00:00:44,879 --> 00:00:46,511 OF THE COLORS NEEDED BY AN 23 00:00:46,514 --> 00:00:48,646 ASTRONAUT PER DAY. 24 00:00:48,649 --> 00:00:53,384 AND AT THE SAME TIME, COMPLETELY 25 00:00:53,387 --> 00:00:54,052 RECYCLE OXYGEN, CARBON DIOXIDE 26 00:00:54,055 --> 00:01:13,137 AND WATER. 27 00:01:13,140 --> 00:01:15,006 >> THIS IS ARIZONA WEEK. 28 00:01:15,009 --> 00:01:15,306 >> THE MARTIAN, A MOVIE ABOUT 29 00:01:15,309 --> 00:01:17,875 MARS. 30 00:01:17,878 --> 00:01:19,010 OUT JUST A FEW WEEKS IN THE 31 00:01:19,013 --> 00:01:20,545 SCIENCE COMMUNITY IS CONSIDERED 32 00:01:20,548 --> 00:01:22,246 TO BE ONE OF THE MOST REALISTIC 33 00:01:22,249 --> 00:01:23,981 SPACE MOVIES OF ALL TIME. 34 00:01:23,984 --> 00:01:25,550 AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, 35 00:01:25,553 --> 00:01:27,618 SCIENTISTS HAVE BEEN WORKING ON 36 00:01:27,621 --> 00:01:30,221 EARLY MARS EXPLORATION. 37 00:01:30,224 --> 00:01:31,889 HERE'S THE PRINCIPAL 38 00:01:31,892 --> 00:01:32,223 INVESTIGATOR OF THE PHOENIX MARS 39 00:01:32,226 --> 00:01:34,325 MISSION. 40 00:01:34,328 --> 00:01:35,893 PETER SMITH, A PROFESSOR HERE AT 41 00:01:35,896 --> 00:01:37,195 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA. 42 00:01:37,198 --> 00:01:37,729 DESCRIBED TO US WHERE WE ARE 43 00:01:37,732 --> 00:01:39,897 SITTING, CURRENTLY. 44 00:01:39,900 --> 00:01:40,298 >> WE'RE SITTING ON THE MARS 45 00:01:40,301 --> 00:01:41,599 GARDEN. 46 00:01:41,602 --> 00:01:43,468 THIS IS PART OF THE UNIVERSITY 47 00:01:43,471 --> 00:01:44,969 OF ARIZONA'S FACILITY FOR 48 00:01:44,972 --> 00:01:47,572 TESTING MARS CAMERAS. 49 00:01:47,575 --> 00:01:49,941 WE BUILT IT HERE, THE PATH 50 00:01:49,944 --> 00:01:52,143 FINDER CAMERA, THIS IS, IN 1995. 51 00:01:52,146 --> 00:01:52,643 AND TESTED IT RIGHT IN THIS 52 00:01:52,646 --> 00:01:54,412 SPACE. 53 00:01:54,415 --> 00:01:54,712 AND IT'S BEEN MARS-LIKE EVER 54 00:01:54,715 --> 00:01:55,980 SINCE. 55 00:01:55,983 --> 00:01:57,482 >> TELL ME, WHAT IS YOUR 56 00:01:57,485 --> 00:01:59,751 FASCINATION WITH MARS? 57 00:01:59,754 --> 00:02:01,786 HOW DID THIS ALL GET STARTED? 58 00:02:01,789 --> 00:02:02,453 >> WHEN I WAS A CHILD READING 59 00:02:02,456 --> 00:02:04,789 SCIENCE FICTION. 60 00:02:04,792 --> 00:02:05,623 LIKE MOST SCIENTISTS, I WAS 61 00:02:05,626 --> 00:02:07,725 FASCINATED WITH SCIENCE FICTION 62 00:02:07,728 --> 00:02:09,727 AND EXPLOSIVES. 63 00:02:09,730 --> 00:02:11,295 SO BOTH OF THEM CAME TOGETHER IN 64 00:02:11,298 --> 00:02:16,901 THE IDEA OF EXPLORING MARS. 65 00:02:16,904 --> 00:02:17,568 THE LAUNCH, THE LONG CRUISE, THE 66 00:02:17,571 --> 00:02:19,504 LANDINGS AND THE EXTREMELY 67 00:02:19,507 --> 00:02:21,139 BEAUTIFUL LANDSCAPES ON MARS. 68 00:02:21,142 --> 00:02:21,472 WE'VE BEEN PUZZLING OVER FOR 69 00:02:21,475 --> 00:02:23,708 YEARS. 70 00:02:23,711 --> 00:02:24,075 >> HOW WOULD YOU DESCRIBE MARS 71 00:02:24,078 --> 00:02:27,512 TO PEOPLE? 72 00:02:27,515 --> 00:02:28,413 >> IT'S A VERY DESOLATE PLACE. 73 00:02:28,416 --> 00:02:29,814 UNLIKE THE EARTH, IT'S COVERED 74 00:02:29,817 --> 00:02:31,516 IN CRATERS FROM THE ASTEROIDS 75 00:02:31,519 --> 00:02:32,350 THAT HIT IT OVER THE LAST DAYS 76 00:02:32,353 --> 00:02:34,085 AND YEARS. 77 00:02:34,088 --> 00:02:35,586 THEY'RE STILL THERE BECAUSE 78 00:02:35,589 --> 00:02:37,355 THERE'S VERY LITTLE RAIN. 79 00:02:37,358 --> 00:02:38,923 PROBABLY NO RAIN AND MAYBE A 80 00:02:38,926 --> 00:02:40,158 LITTLE SNOW AND THE EROSION 81 00:02:40,161 --> 00:02:42,760 RATES ARE EXTREMELY SLOW. 82 00:02:42,763 --> 00:02:44,128 SO IT'S A PLANET THAT HAD ITS 83 00:02:44,131 --> 00:02:45,163 GLORY DAYS. 84 00:02:45,166 --> 00:02:48,866 SEVERAL BILLION YEARS AGO AND 85 00:02:48,869 --> 00:02:49,167 NOW IT'S KIND OF A DORMANT 86 00:02:49,170 --> 00:02:52,670 PLACE. 87 00:02:52,673 --> 00:02:58,376 >> HOW IS THE CLIMATE ON MARS? 88 00:02:58,379 --> 00:02:59,777 >> MARS HAS A EXTREMELY THIN 89 00:02:59,780 --> 00:03:00,511 ATMOSPHERE. 90 00:03:00,514 --> 00:03:01,179 IN THE DAYTIME, IT MIGHT GET UP 91 00:03:01,182 --> 00:03:01,546 TO 50 DEGREES AND AT NIGHT, 92 00:03:01,549 --> 00:03:03,748 MINUS 150. 93 00:03:03,751 --> 00:03:05,616 IT'S AN EXTREME CONDITION DAY TO 94 00:03:05,619 --> 00:03:07,919 NIGHT EVERY DAY AND EVERY NIGHT. 95 00:03:07,922 --> 00:03:08,886 >> THE WIND STORMS, CAN YOU 96 00:03:08,889 --> 00:03:10,888 EXPLAIN HOW THAT HAPPENS? 97 00:03:10,891 --> 00:03:12,890 >> BECAUSE THE ATMOSPHERE IS SO 98 00:03:12,893 --> 00:03:13,291 THIN, THE MARTIAN WAS A LITTLE 99 00:03:13,294 --> 00:03:14,859 EXAGGERATED. 100 00:03:14,862 --> 00:03:17,895 MAYBE A LOT EXAGGERATED. 101 00:03:17,898 --> 00:03:19,831 THE AMOUNT OF AIR THAT'S 102 00:03:19,834 --> 00:03:21,165 ACTUALLY MOVING PAST EVEN IN THE 103 00:03:21,168 --> 00:03:23,701 STRONG WIND IS NOT ENOUGH TO 104 00:03:23,704 --> 00:03:25,236 PICK UP AN ANTENNA AND THROW IT 105 00:03:25,239 --> 00:03:27,105 INTO THE ASTRONAUT. 106 00:03:27,108 --> 00:03:28,973 IT'S JUST NOT THAT STRONG. 107 00:03:28,976 --> 00:03:29,640 >> YOU GET THE GO AHEAD TO DO 108 00:03:29,643 --> 00:03:31,376 RESEARCH ON MARS. 109 00:03:31,379 --> 00:03:32,810 TELL ME ABOUT THAT EXPERIENCE 110 00:03:32,813 --> 00:03:35,613 KNOWING THAT WE CAN FINALLY 111 00:03:35,616 --> 00:03:36,681 CHECK THIS PLACE OUT. 112 00:03:36,684 --> 00:03:38,349 >> WELL, WE WERE THRILLED TO 113 00:03:38,352 --> 00:03:40,051 HAVE A CHANCE TO BUILD A CAMERA 114 00:03:40,054 --> 00:03:41,352 AND WE THOUGHT WE'D BUILT THE 115 00:03:41,355 --> 00:03:42,086 BEST CAMERA WE POSSIBLY COULD 116 00:03:42,089 --> 00:03:44,889 FOR THE AMOUNT OF MONEY THEY 117 00:03:44,892 --> 00:03:47,658 WERE GIVING US. 118 00:03:47,661 --> 00:03:48,393 SO WE PUT IN SPECIAL FILTERS. 119 00:03:48,396 --> 00:03:49,727 AND THE SPECIAL FILTERS ALLOWED 120 00:03:49,730 --> 00:03:50,828 US TO DO THINGS WAY BEYOND A 121 00:03:50,831 --> 00:03:52,597 NORMAL CAMERA. 122 00:03:52,600 --> 00:03:54,565 AND FOR INSTANCE, ONE OF THESE 123 00:03:54,568 --> 00:03:56,100 ROCKS HERE ON THE SURFACE, SEE 124 00:03:56,103 --> 00:03:57,135 IT'S KIND OF GREENISH. 125 00:03:57,138 --> 00:04:01,706 OUR CAMERA COULD HAVE PICKED 126 00:04:01,709 --> 00:04:04,108 THIS UP LIKE A SEARCH LIGHT. 127 00:04:04,111 --> 00:04:05,476 THIS IS ON THE EARTH, WE TRADE 128 00:04:05,479 --> 00:04:08,346 FROM ROCKS THAT HAVE BEEN PULLED 129 00:04:08,349 --> 00:04:10,314 UP FROM 10 TO 12 MILES UNDER THE 130 00:04:10,317 --> 00:04:12,050 SERVICE AND THESE ARE ROCKS THAT 131 00:04:12,053 --> 00:04:12,417 MADE UP THE MANTLE OF THE 132 00:04:12,420 --> 00:04:13,351 CONTINENT. 133 00:04:13,354 --> 00:04:14,018 SO WE ARE LOOKING FOR THINGS 134 00:04:14,021 --> 00:04:16,320 LIKE THIS. 135 00:04:16,323 --> 00:04:17,021 CLUES WITHIN THE ROCK STRUCTURE 136 00:04:17,024 --> 00:04:19,157 OF THE SURFACE. 137 00:04:19,160 --> 00:04:19,457 IT WILL TELL US THE HISTORY OF 138 00:04:19,460 --> 00:04:23,728 MARS. 139 00:04:23,731 --> 00:04:24,595 JULY 4th, 1997. 140 00:04:24,598 --> 00:04:27,532 THIS HAS BEEN A SMALL MISSION 141 00:04:27,535 --> 00:04:30,935 FOR NASA AND NOT MUCH PUBLICITY. 142 00:04:30,938 --> 00:04:31,803 SO WE HAPPEN TO LAND JULY 4th. 143 00:04:31,806 --> 00:04:32,170 WHICH WASN'T EXACTLY AN 144 00:04:32,173 --> 00:04:34,205 ACCIDENT. 145 00:04:34,208 --> 00:04:36,107 WE KNEW WE'D LAND ON JULY 4th. 146 00:04:36,110 --> 00:04:42,347 BUT NOBODY WAS TOO SURE WHETHER 147 00:04:42,350 --> 00:04:42,914 WE'D SEE PICTURES THE FIRST DAY 148 00:04:42,917 --> 00:04:43,581 OR WHAT WOULD HAPPEN. 149 00:04:43,584 --> 00:04:44,248 IT WAS A SLOW NEWS DAY ON A 150 00:04:44,251 --> 00:04:45,883 FRIDAY BEFORE THE JULY 4th 151 00:04:45,886 --> 00:04:47,618 WEEKEND AND LOTS OF PEOPLE WERE 152 00:04:47,621 --> 00:04:48,586 WATCHING TELEVISION ALL ACROSS 153 00:04:48,589 --> 00:04:51,356 THE COUNTRY. 154 00:04:51,359 --> 00:04:52,290 WHEN WE CAME DOWN, BOUNCING ON 155 00:04:52,293 --> 00:04:54,392 TO THE SURFACE AND THE PICTURES 156 00:04:54,395 --> 00:04:55,960 STARTED TO COME BACK ONE BY ONE, 157 00:04:55,963 --> 00:04:57,528 THERE WAS TREMENDOUS EXCITEMENT. 158 00:04:57,531 --> 00:04:59,130 IT WENT WORLDWIDE. 159 00:04:59,133 --> 00:05:01,132 >> PART OF THE REASON I INVITED 160 00:05:01,135 --> 00:05:01,466 YOU ON TODAY IS THE MOVIE, THE 161 00:05:01,469 --> 00:05:03,401 MARTIAN. 162 00:05:03,404 --> 00:05:03,735 THIS IS INTRIGUING TO A LOT OF 163 00:05:03,738 --> 00:05:05,436 PEOPLE. 164 00:05:05,439 --> 00:05:08,506 YOU'VE KIND OF KNOWN THIS FOR A 165 00:05:08,509 --> 00:05:11,376 REALLY LONG TIME ABOUT MARS. 166 00:05:11,379 --> 00:05:12,043 WHAT ARE YOU MOST FASCINATED TO 167 00:05:12,046 --> 00:05:14,479 FIND OUT ABOUT MARS? 168 00:05:14,482 --> 00:05:14,812 >> I JUST SAW THE MOVIE LAST 169 00:05:14,815 --> 00:05:16,214 WEEKEND. 170 00:05:16,217 --> 00:05:17,915 AND I WAS JUST THRILLED TO SEE 171 00:05:17,918 --> 00:05:19,784 THAT OUR PATH FINDER CAMERA WAS 172 00:05:19,787 --> 00:05:21,753 ONE OF THE STARS OF THE SHOW 173 00:05:21,756 --> 00:05:23,087 BECAUSE THIS BECOMES THE 174 00:05:23,090 --> 00:05:24,255 COMMUNICATION PATH FOR MARS AND 175 00:05:24,258 --> 00:05:25,757 THE EARTH. 176 00:05:25,760 --> 00:05:26,391 RETRIEVING OF THE OLD PATH 177 00:05:26,394 --> 00:05:27,725 FINDER SYSTEM. 178 00:05:27,728 --> 00:05:29,260 POWERING IT UP AGAIN AFTER ALL 179 00:05:29,263 --> 00:05:31,829 OF THESE YEARS. 180 00:05:31,832 --> 00:05:34,799 AND THEN USING IT TO COMMUNICATE 181 00:05:34,802 --> 00:05:36,267 BOTH PICTURES AND DATA. 182 00:05:36,270 --> 00:05:37,502 REALLY EXCITING TO SEE OUR 183 00:05:37,505 --> 00:05:38,636 CAMERA USED THAT WAY. 184 00:05:38,639 --> 00:05:42,206 >> HOW BIG IS THE CAMERA? 185 00:05:42,209 --> 00:05:42,540 I MEAN, YOU SEE IT IN HOLLYWOOD. 186 00:05:42,543 --> 00:05:43,908 BUT -- 187 00:05:43,911 --> 00:05:46,911 >> WELL, WE USED TO SAY THE SIZE 188 00:05:46,914 --> 00:05:47,178 OF A FOSTER BEER CAN, ABOUT THIS 189 00:05:47,181 --> 00:05:48,179 BIG. 190 00:05:48,182 --> 00:05:50,014 EIGHT INCHES ACROSS. 191 00:05:50,017 --> 00:05:53,284 FOUR INCHES IN DIAMETER. 192 00:05:53,287 --> 00:05:56,888 AND ALSO, IT HAS EYEBROWS. 193 00:05:56,891 --> 00:06:00,925 SO THE REASON IS, WHEN IT LOOKS 194 00:06:00,928 --> 00:06:03,961 STRAIGHT DOWN, THE EYEBROWS 195 00:06:03,964 --> 00:06:05,363 PROTECT IT FROM ALL THE DUST. 196 00:06:05,366 --> 00:06:08,966 THE SAME REASON WE HAVE EYEBROWS 197 00:06:08,969 --> 00:06:10,335 AND EYELASHES WHEN IT'S DUSTY, 198 00:06:10,338 --> 00:06:12,337 THE CAMERA HAS IT ALSO. 199 00:06:12,340 --> 00:06:14,939 IT'S A HUMANOID TYPE OF CAMERA. 200 00:06:14,942 --> 00:06:16,140 >> TELL ME WHAT SOME OF THESE 201 00:06:16,143 --> 00:06:17,942 PICTURES HAVE SHOWN ABOUT MARS. 202 00:06:17,945 --> 00:06:18,242 >> MARS IS KNOWN TO BE A ROCKY 203 00:06:18,245 --> 00:06:19,744 PLACE. 204 00:06:19,747 --> 00:06:20,878 WE GO THERE KNOWING YOU'RE GOING 205 00:06:20,881 --> 00:06:22,046 TO HAVE DUST AND ROCKS. 206 00:06:22,049 --> 00:06:22,714 THAT'S WHAT WE KNOW WE'RE GOING 207 00:06:22,717 --> 00:06:26,050 TO SEE. 208 00:06:26,053 --> 00:06:26,751 NOW, WE'RE ALSO LOOKING FOR 209 00:06:26,754 --> 00:06:27,852 TRACES OF WATER ACTIVITY. 210 00:06:27,855 --> 00:06:29,754 TRACES OF WATER ACTIVITY. 211 00:06:29,757 --> 00:06:30,421 AND WATER BEING THE BASIS OF 212 00:06:30,424 --> 00:06:32,256 LIFE ON THE EARTH. 213 00:06:32,259 --> 00:06:34,993 ANYTHING THAT TELLS US ABOUT THE 214 00:06:34,996 --> 00:06:35,360 HISTORY OF WATER WOULD BE VERY 215 00:06:35,363 --> 00:06:37,395 EXCITING. 216 00:06:37,398 --> 00:06:38,863 AND WE DID SEE SOME HINTS OF 217 00:06:38,866 --> 00:06:41,766 THAT, NOT SO MUCH AT THE PATH 218 00:06:41,769 --> 00:06:42,500 FINDER SITE AND THE NEXT MISSION 219 00:06:42,503 --> 00:06:43,835 I WAS INVOLVED WITH, THE PHOENIX 220 00:06:43,838 --> 00:06:45,536 MISSION, WE WERE ABLE TO DIG 221 00:06:45,539 --> 00:06:46,471 UNDER THE SURFACE AND FIND ICE, 222 00:06:46,474 --> 00:06:52,010 WATER ICE. 223 00:06:52,013 --> 00:06:54,045 AND THIS IS EXCITING BECAUSE IT 224 00:06:54,048 --> 00:06:55,480 TELLS US THAT WATER IS A VERY 225 00:06:55,483 --> 00:06:56,147 COMMON INGREDIENT OF THE MARS 226 00:06:56,150 --> 00:06:57,648 SURFACE. 227 00:06:57,651 --> 00:07:00,418 IT'S JUST NOT RAINING UP THERE 228 00:07:00,421 --> 00:07:04,722 AND MOSTLY IN THE FORM OF SOME 229 00:07:04,725 --> 00:07:06,791 ICE OR VERY HEAVILY SALTED 230 00:07:06,794 --> 00:07:12,530 WATER. 231 00:07:12,533 --> 00:07:21,372 >> McCUE, PLANETARY GEOLOGY AT 232 00:07:21,375 --> 00:07:28,846 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA AND 233 00:07:28,849 --> 00:07:30,181 THE MARS RECONNOSANCE ORBITORS. 234 00:07:30,184 --> 00:07:31,883 >> IT WAS IN A POSITIVE AND 235 00:07:31,886 --> 00:07:33,418 REALISTIC MANNER, SCIENTISTS 236 00:07:33,421 --> 00:07:34,585 HAVING A SENSE OF HUMOR. 237 00:07:34,588 --> 00:07:35,520 WHO KNEW THAT WAS POSSIBLE FROM 238 00:07:35,523 --> 00:07:38,823 HOLLYWOOD, RIGHT? 239 00:07:38,826 --> 00:07:39,657 AND PERFECT JOB, GREAT SCENERY. 240 00:07:39,660 --> 00:07:41,859 BEAUTIFUL STORY. 241 00:07:41,862 --> 00:07:42,860 FEEL GOOD MOVIE. 242 00:07:42,863 --> 00:07:43,795 IT WAS DEFINITELY RECOMMENDED 243 00:07:43,798 --> 00:07:46,564 GOING TO SEE IT. 244 00:07:46,567 --> 00:07:47,298 >> BEHIND YOU, WE HAVE SOME 245 00:07:47,301 --> 00:07:47,765 PHOTOS OF WHAT THE IMAGES HAVE 246 00:07:47,768 --> 00:07:49,233 BEEN SENT BACK. 247 00:07:49,236 --> 00:07:49,600 TELL ME A LITTLE BIT ABOUT 248 00:07:49,603 --> 00:07:51,803 HIGH-RISE. 249 00:07:51,806 --> 00:07:53,771 >> SO HIGH-RISE IS THE HIGH 250 00:07:53,774 --> 00:07:54,172 RESOLUTION IMAGING SCIENCE 251 00:07:54,175 --> 00:07:55,773 EXPERIMENT. 252 00:07:55,776 --> 00:07:56,741 IT'S A BIG CAMERA THAT WE SENT 253 00:07:56,744 --> 00:07:59,344 TO MARS. 254 00:07:59,347 --> 00:08:02,847 AND WE ACQUIRE IMAGES OF ABOUT 255 00:08:02,850 --> 00:08:03,414 30 SENT METERS, ABOUT A FOOT PER 256 00:08:03,417 --> 00:08:04,882 PIXEL ON THE GROUND. 257 00:08:04,885 --> 00:08:07,852 THIS IS THE HIGHEST RESOLUTION 258 00:08:07,855 --> 00:08:09,987 OF ANY OTHER PLANET, IMAGES HAVE 259 00:08:09,990 --> 00:08:10,388 BEEN THERE FOR ALMOST TEN YEARS 260 00:08:10,391 --> 00:08:10,955 NOW. 261 00:08:10,958 --> 00:08:13,791 ACTUALLY. 262 00:08:13,794 --> 00:08:16,527 WE ACQUIRE THESE HIGH RESOLUTION 263 00:08:16,530 --> 00:08:19,797 IMAGES IN COLOR AND WE PICK OUT 264 00:08:19,800 --> 00:08:26,170 TARGETS OF INTEREST BASED ON 265 00:08:26,173 --> 00:08:27,939 VARIOUS RATIONALE FOR SCIENCE, A 266 00:08:27,942 --> 00:08:29,474 BIG PURPOSE OF HIGH REZ AS WELL. 267 00:08:29,477 --> 00:08:29,874 >> IT'S TRANSMITTING IMAGES 268 00:08:29,877 --> 00:08:33,044 TODAY? 269 00:08:33,047 --> 00:08:34,879 >> YES, HIGH-RISES IN BUSINESS 270 00:08:34,882 --> 00:08:35,179 TODAY WILL GET NEW IMAGES EVERY 271 00:08:35,182 --> 00:08:37,248 DAY. 272 00:08:37,251 --> 00:08:37,982 >> WHAT ARE YOU MOST PROUD OF 273 00:08:37,985 --> 00:08:41,452 WHEN YOU SEE THE IMAGES? 274 00:08:41,455 --> 00:08:42,420 IT'S CAPTURING WHAT YOU WANTED 275 00:08:42,423 --> 00:08:45,089 IT TO DO. 276 00:08:45,092 --> 00:08:46,324 >> I LOVE EVERY HIGH REZ IMAGE. 277 00:08:46,327 --> 00:08:49,961 IT'S REMARKABLE TO LOOK AT THEM 278 00:08:49,964 --> 00:08:53,197 AND SEE THE SHARPNESS OF THE 279 00:08:53,200 --> 00:08:56,334 FEATURES AND BETTER. 280 00:08:56,337 --> 00:08:56,934 >> HOW MANY SPOTS EACH DAY? 281 00:08:56,937 --> 00:08:58,870 WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THAT? 282 00:08:58,873 --> 00:09:04,175 >> IT'S A CIRCULAR ORBIT. 283 00:09:04,178 --> 00:09:04,442 IT CIRCLES MARS 8.5 TIMES PER 284 00:09:04,445 --> 00:09:07,278 DAY. 285 00:09:07,281 --> 00:09:07,979 AND WE CAN TAKE TYPICALLY ONE OR 286 00:09:07,982 --> 00:09:09,447 TWO PER ORBIT. 287 00:09:09,450 --> 00:09:11,015 WE HAVE ACCESS WITH POINTING 288 00:09:11,018 --> 00:09:12,850 WITHIN ABOUT A TWO WEEK PERIOD 289 00:09:12,853 --> 00:09:13,251 OF ANYWHERE ON THE MARTIAN 290 00:09:13,254 --> 00:09:16,421 SURFACE. 291 00:09:16,424 --> 00:09:17,989 >> AND IS HIGH RES SHOWING YOU 292 00:09:17,992 --> 00:09:18,956 ANYTHING THAT SURPRISED YOU OR 293 00:09:18,959 --> 00:09:20,391 CAUGHT YOU OFF GUARD? 294 00:09:20,394 --> 00:09:22,160 >> CERTAINLY A NUMBER OF THINGS 295 00:09:22,163 --> 00:09:22,960 AND ONE PARTICULAR TOPIC WHICH 296 00:09:22,963 --> 00:09:31,769 HAD QUITE A BIT OF ATTENTION A 297 00:09:31,772 --> 00:09:32,870 COUPLE OF WEEKS AGO ARE THESE 298 00:09:32,873 --> 00:09:34,906 RECURING SLOPE. 299 00:09:34,909 --> 00:09:36,307 THESE ARE DOWNSLOPES AND 300 00:09:36,310 --> 00:09:37,275 ASSOCIATED WITH WATER IN SOME 301 00:09:37,278 --> 00:09:38,710 WAY. 302 00:09:38,713 --> 00:09:39,744 LIQUID WATER TODAY ON MARS. 303 00:09:39,747 --> 00:09:41,012 THAT'S SURPRISING. 304 00:09:41,015 --> 00:09:43,414 >> WITH ALL THE EXCITEMENT ABOUT 305 00:09:43,417 --> 00:09:44,449 WATER ON MARS CAME OUT RECENTLY, 306 00:09:44,452 --> 00:09:45,817 THAT WAS THE PHOTOS FOUND 307 00:09:45,820 --> 00:09:46,784 SPOTTED HERE AT THE U OF A. 308 00:09:46,787 --> 00:09:47,418 >> RIGHT. 309 00:09:47,421 --> 00:09:48,519 THAT WAS ORIGINALLY WE 310 00:09:48,522 --> 00:09:51,255 DISCOVERED THE FEATURES WITH THE 311 00:09:51,258 --> 00:09:56,527 HIGH-RISE CAMERA. 312 00:09:56,530 --> 00:09:58,629 THE MOST RECENT RESULT FROM THE 313 00:09:58,632 --> 00:09:59,063 SPECTROMETER WITH THE 314 00:09:59,066 --> 00:10:01,332 COMPOSITION. 315 00:10:01,335 --> 00:10:05,903 >> HOW YOU DESCRIBE IT TO ME? 316 00:10:05,906 --> 00:10:06,237 >> IT'S ABOUT THE SIZE OF A 317 00:10:06,240 --> 00:10:08,039 PERSON. 318 00:10:08,042 --> 00:10:09,140 SO THAT'S BIG FOR SOMETHING WE 319 00:10:09,143 --> 00:10:11,409 SEND TO ANOTHER PLANET. 320 00:10:11,412 --> 00:10:12,877 NOT BIG COMPARED TO WHAT THEY DO 321 00:10:12,880 --> 00:10:15,013 IN THE MIRROR LABS ACROSS THE 322 00:10:15,016 --> 00:10:15,413 WALL HERE, MUCH BIGGER 323 00:10:15,416 --> 00:10:16,147 TELESCOPES. 324 00:10:16,150 --> 00:10:16,814 >> YOU'RE CURRENTLY WORKING ON 325 00:10:16,817 --> 00:10:19,384 OTHER MISSIONS. 326 00:10:19,387 --> 00:10:19,751 TELL ME A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THOSE 327 00:10:19,754 --> 00:10:20,084 PROJECTS? 328 00:10:20,087 --> 00:10:23,287 >> SURE. 329 00:10:23,290 --> 00:10:28,226 I'M WORKING ON THE CAMERA FOR 330 00:10:28,229 --> 00:10:31,796 THE NEXT MARS ORBITER. 331 00:10:31,799 --> 00:10:36,634 AND THE CAMERA THERE. 332 00:10:36,637 --> 00:10:40,004 THE CSSINI MISSION, GOT A FEW 333 00:10:40,007 --> 00:10:43,541 YEARS LEFT. 334 00:10:43,544 --> 00:10:51,749 AND THE ULOPA MISSION. 335 00:10:51,752 --> 00:10:52,383 >> WHAT'S YOUR HOPE, CONTINUE 336 00:10:52,386 --> 00:10:54,252 WHAT HIGH RES IS DOING? 337 00:10:54,255 --> 00:10:55,787 >> SOME ARE TO CONTINUE 338 00:10:55,790 --> 00:10:57,388 MISSIONS, MOST LOWER RESOLUTION 339 00:10:57,391 --> 00:10:58,623 BUT MORE COLOR IMAGING AT 340 00:10:58,626 --> 00:11:00,892 DIFFERENT TIMES OF DAY. 341 00:11:00,895 --> 00:11:03,594 THAT WILL BE UNIQUE. 342 00:11:03,597 --> 00:11:04,162 FOR THE OPEN MISSION, A RANGE OF 343 00:11:04,165 --> 00:11:05,330 RESOLUTIONS. 344 00:11:05,333 --> 00:11:07,632 VARIOUS DURING THE CLOSE. 345 00:11:07,635 --> 00:11:10,868 IT WILL BE SIMILAR TO HIGH-RISE 346 00:11:10,871 --> 00:11:13,471 IMAGES OF EUROPA. 347 00:11:13,474 --> 00:11:14,706 >> GOING BACK, IT WAS WELL DONE 348 00:11:14,709 --> 00:11:16,140 IN THE MOST REALISTIC SPACE FILM 349 00:11:16,143 --> 00:11:17,975 WE'VE SEEN IN A LONG TIME. 350 00:11:17,978 --> 00:11:19,877 MAYBE THE ONLY ONE WE'LL SEE. 351 00:11:19,880 --> 00:11:21,679 DO YOU SUSPECT MAYBE THIS IS 352 00:11:21,682 --> 00:11:23,314 GOOD FOR THE INDUSTRY, SO TO 353 00:11:23,317 --> 00:11:24,515 SPEAK, WITH WHAT YOU'RE DOING 354 00:11:24,518 --> 00:11:25,216 AND WHAT'S HAPPENING HERE AT THE 355 00:11:25,219 --> 00:11:27,785 UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA? 356 00:11:27,788 --> 00:11:29,253 >> IT'S ALL GOOD, FOR SURE. 357 00:11:29,256 --> 00:11:32,490 THIS WILL HELP PROMOTE INTEREST 358 00:11:32,493 --> 00:11:34,092 IN SCIENCE AND MARS EXPLORATION. 359 00:11:34,095 --> 00:11:36,327 IT MAY NOT TRANSFORM NASA OR 360 00:11:36,330 --> 00:11:36,627 ANYTHING LIKE THAT, BUT IT'S 361 00:11:36,630 --> 00:11:37,862 GOOD. 362 00:11:37,865 --> 00:11:42,000 >> WONDERFUL. 363 00:11:42,003 --> 00:11:44,335 THANK YOU, DR. McQUAN. 364 00:11:44,338 --> 00:11:45,970 NOW HOPE TO HAVE MANNED 365 00:11:45,973 --> 00:11:49,073 EXPLORATION IN THE MID 2030s. 366 00:11:49,076 --> 00:11:52,510 HOW AN ASTRONAUT WOULD SUSTAIN 367 00:11:52,513 --> 00:11:52,844 LIFE IS BEING RESEARCHED HERE IN 368 00:11:52,847 --> 00:11:54,412 TUCSON. 369 00:11:54,415 --> 00:11:55,513 A SPACE ENGINEER TOOK US INSIDE 370 00:11:55,516 --> 00:11:58,549 WHAT'S KNOWN AS THE MARS 371 00:11:58,552 --> 00:12:01,019 GREENHOUSE. 372 00:12:01,022 --> 00:12:02,954 >> IN THE FILM THE MARTIAN, WE 373 00:12:02,957 --> 00:12:06,057 SEE THAT THE ASTRONAUT IS ABLE 374 00:12:06,060 --> 00:12:06,457 TO MAKE WATER TO SUPPORT HIS 375 00:12:06,460 --> 00:12:10,061 GREENHOUSE. 376 00:12:10,064 --> 00:12:21,539 HOW LIKELY IS THAT? 377 00:12:21,542 --> 00:12:25,243 >> THAT'S AN INTERESTING POINT. 378 00:12:25,246 --> 00:12:26,844 THEY'RE ABLE TO RECYCLE SOME. 379 00:12:26,847 --> 00:12:27,145 INDEED, WE HAVE ONE COMPONENT 380 00:12:27,148 --> 00:12:28,946 HERE. 381 00:12:28,949 --> 00:12:31,049 CURRENTLY, ANALYZED AND TESTED 382 00:12:31,052 --> 00:12:37,455 WITH A SEPARATE SYSTEM. 383 00:12:37,458 --> 00:12:38,923 IT'S CALLED EVAPORATE COMPOSTER. 384 00:12:38,926 --> 00:12:40,925 BASICALLY, A SYSTEM WHERE YOU 385 00:12:40,928 --> 00:12:42,193 TAKE ALL THE WASTE INCLUDING 386 00:12:42,196 --> 00:12:47,899 BIOMASS, RIGHT, FOR EXAMPLE WHEN 387 00:12:47,902 --> 00:12:48,199 YOU HARVEST AND YOU TAKE YOUR 388 00:12:48,202 --> 00:12:50,168 CROPS. 389 00:12:50,171 --> 00:12:50,501 YOU HAVE A LOT OF INEDIBLE 390 00:12:50,504 --> 00:12:52,437 BIOMASS. 391 00:12:52,440 --> 00:12:53,237 IN THIS CASE, IT'S CONSIDERED 392 00:12:53,240 --> 00:12:54,405 WASTE. 393 00:12:54,408 --> 00:12:56,174 YOU CAN GO INSIDE, FOR EXAMPLE, 394 00:12:56,177 --> 00:12:57,942 HUMAN WASTE IN A COMPOSTER AND 395 00:12:57,945 --> 00:12:58,943 THE SYSTEM DIGESTS AND PROCESSES 396 00:12:58,946 --> 00:13:00,745 THAT. 397 00:13:00,748 --> 00:13:07,652 BASICALLY, TRANSFORM WHAT IS 398 00:13:07,655 --> 00:13:10,321 CALLED BLACK WATER INTO GRAY 399 00:13:10,324 --> 00:13:13,291 WATER. 400 00:13:13,294 --> 00:13:17,061 USED FOR PLANTS IRRIGATION. 401 00:13:17,064 --> 00:13:20,031 WITH NUTRIENTS, WE STREAM IT TO 402 00:13:20,034 --> 00:13:22,133 THE PLANTS AND ALLOW THE 403 00:13:22,136 --> 00:13:25,269 HYDROPONIC SYSTEM. 404 00:13:25,272 --> 00:13:28,673 THE PLANTS ABSORB THE NUTRIENTS 405 00:13:28,676 --> 00:13:31,275 AND THEY PERFORM WHAT THEY CALL 406 00:13:31,278 --> 00:13:34,679 THE TRANSFORMATION. 407 00:13:34,682 --> 00:13:35,646 BASICALLY, THE WATER VAPOR IN 408 00:13:35,649 --> 00:13:37,482 THE ATMOSPHERE. 409 00:13:37,485 --> 00:13:38,916 IF YOU HAVE A CONDENSER, YOU CAN 410 00:13:38,919 --> 00:13:41,219 CONDENSE WATER. 411 00:13:41,222 --> 00:13:41,519 THERE YOU HAVE COMPLETELY WHITE 412 00:13:41,522 --> 00:13:46,657 WATER. 413 00:13:46,660 --> 00:13:52,597 THEN YOU CAN USE IT. 414 00:13:52,600 --> 00:13:54,265 SO THE PROCESS, THE WATER IS 415 00:13:54,268 --> 00:13:56,000 STILL AND ONE OF THE BY-PRODUCTS 416 00:13:56,003 --> 00:14:00,238 OF THE EXPERIMENT IS MEASURING 417 00:14:00,241 --> 00:14:01,939 HOW MUCH WATER WE'RE ABLE TO 418 00:14:01,942 --> 00:14:04,809 COLLECT, RIGHT? 419 00:14:04,812 --> 00:14:09,514 AND MEASURE HOW MUCH WE'RE 420 00:14:09,517 --> 00:14:10,248 PUTTING IN. 421 00:14:10,251 --> 00:14:10,748 WE TRY TO ESTABLISH WHAT WE CALL 422 00:14:10,751 --> 00:14:12,650 A WATER BALANCE. 423 00:14:12,653 --> 00:14:13,051 >> THE PROTOTYPE FOR ONE OF THE 424 00:14:13,054 --> 00:14:14,018 GREENHOUSES. 425 00:14:14,021 --> 00:14:15,253 IF YOU WOULD START BY DESCRIBING 426 00:14:15,256 --> 00:14:18,423 THE LIGHT SYSTEM IN HERE. 427 00:14:18,426 --> 00:14:20,425 >> THE LIGHT SYSTEM IS AN 428 00:14:20,428 --> 00:14:21,459 IMPORTANT SYSTEM BECAUSE, YOU 429 00:14:21,462 --> 00:14:23,027 KNOW, YOU NEED LIGHT AT A 430 00:14:23,030 --> 00:14:24,829 CERTAIN LEVEL OF INTENSITY TO 431 00:14:24,832 --> 00:14:27,265 GROW PLANTS. 432 00:14:27,268 --> 00:14:31,102 IN THIS CONDITION. 433 00:14:31,105 --> 00:14:32,270 SO CONVENTIONALLY FOR GREENHOUSE 434 00:14:32,273 --> 00:14:36,207 APPLICATION, YOU USE SOMETHING 435 00:14:36,210 --> 00:14:39,477 CALLED THE HIGH PRESSURE LENS. 436 00:14:39,480 --> 00:14:42,680 EXTREMELY POWER HUNGRY, RIGHT? 437 00:14:42,683 --> 00:14:45,783 AND HERE, EXPERIMENTING WITH A 438 00:14:45,786 --> 00:14:49,153 DIFFERENT TYPE OF LIGHT SYSTEM 439 00:14:49,156 --> 00:14:50,621 PROVIDED BY PHILLIPS, LED BASED. 440 00:14:50,624 --> 00:14:51,622 SUPPOSED TO BE MUCH MORE 441 00:14:51,625 --> 00:14:54,058 EFFICIENT AND OF COURSE, THIS 442 00:14:54,061 --> 00:14:58,296 WOULD HELP US BECAUSE THE POWER 443 00:14:58,299 --> 00:15:00,565 THAT YOU NEED TO GROW THIS 444 00:15:00,568 --> 00:15:01,232 SYSTEM NEEDS TO COME FROM 445 00:15:01,235 --> 00:15:04,602 SOMEWHERE. 446 00:15:04,605 --> 00:15:06,237 AND USUALLY, MASS AND POWER ARE 447 00:15:06,240 --> 00:15:09,240 EXTREMELY PRECIOUS COMMODICOMMO. 448 00:15:09,243 --> 00:15:10,508 SO WE'RE TRYING TO EXPERIMENT 449 00:15:10,511 --> 00:15:13,111 DIFFERENT LIGHT LEVELS. 450 00:15:13,114 --> 00:15:14,946 AND THIS TYPE OF HARDWARE SO WE 451 00:15:14,949 --> 00:15:15,246 FIND THE SOLUTION MINIMIZED 452 00:15:15,249 --> 00:15:16,514 POWER. 453 00:15:16,517 --> 00:15:18,750 >> NOW TELL ME ABOUT THE CROPS 454 00:15:18,753 --> 00:15:19,317 THAT ARE IN HERE. 455 00:15:19,320 --> 00:15:22,687 >> YEAH. 456 00:15:22,690 --> 00:15:27,125 WE'VE BEEN EXPERIMENTING WITH 457 00:15:27,128 --> 00:15:28,393 THE PARTICLE POSSESSION SYSTEM. 458 00:15:28,396 --> 00:15:31,329 MULTI-CROP. 459 00:15:31,332 --> 00:15:35,433 THEY GREW IN THE CLOSE LOOP 460 00:15:35,436 --> 00:15:36,834 TESTING FOR GROWING IN THE 461 00:15:36,837 --> 00:15:37,502 LIFE-SUPPORT AND GROWING ONE 462 00:15:37,505 --> 00:15:39,837 CROP AT A TIME. 463 00:15:39,840 --> 00:15:41,673 HERE, WE'RE TRYING TO HAVE ONE 464 00:15:41,676 --> 00:15:44,609 TO ONE THAT WE CAN TRY TO PUT 465 00:15:44,612 --> 00:15:46,344 DIFFERENT TYPE OF CROPS. 466 00:15:46,347 --> 00:15:48,346 AND OUR GOAL, AS A MATTER OF 467 00:15:48,349 --> 00:15:52,016 FACT, FOR ONE AND WE HAVE FOUR 468 00:15:52,019 --> 00:15:55,319 LEFT IS THAT ONE UNIT CAN 469 00:15:55,322 --> 00:15:57,689 SUPPORT ONE ASTRONAUT USING 50% 470 00:15:57,692 --> 00:15:59,323 OF THE CALORIES PER DAY. 471 00:15:59,326 --> 00:16:02,427 WHILE AT THE SAME TIME, CLOSING 472 00:16:02,430 --> 00:16:04,662 THE OXYGEN LOOP, THE WATER LOOP, 473 00:16:04,665 --> 00:16:10,668 AND THE CARBON DIOXIDE LOOP. 474 00:16:10,671 --> 00:16:13,137 BASICALLY, IT HELPS SUSTAIN. 475 00:16:13,140 --> 00:16:15,540 BUT TO DO SO, YOU HAVE TO PUT 476 00:16:15,543 --> 00:16:17,408 DIFFERENT CROPS TOGETHER. 477 00:16:17,411 --> 00:16:19,877 FOR EXAMPLE, HERE, WE HAVE THE 478 00:16:19,880 --> 00:16:26,784 SWEET POTATOES, RIGHT? 479 00:16:26,787 --> 00:16:35,126 AND ONE OF OUR -- TO INCREASE 480 00:16:35,129 --> 00:16:38,696 THE CALORIE OUTPUT. 481 00:16:38,699 --> 00:16:40,131 GROW THE LETTUCE AND WE ALSO 482 00:16:40,134 --> 00:16:40,565 HAVE, YOU KNOW, BED FIELD 483 00:16:40,568 --> 00:16:42,700 STRAWBERRIES. 484 00:16:42,703 --> 00:16:44,769 AT THIS POINT, WE'RE NOT ON THE 485 00:16:44,772 --> 00:16:49,340 POINT WHERE WE HAVE, WE'RE GOING 486 00:16:49,343 --> 00:16:51,476 TO USE IT TO RECYCLE. 487 00:16:51,479 --> 00:16:51,876 AND WE'RE GOING TO HAVE CROPS AT 488 00:16:51,879 --> 00:16:53,611 THIS POINT. 489 00:16:53,614 --> 00:16:55,880 >> NO SOIL IN HERE. 490 00:16:55,883 --> 00:16:57,582 >> ABSOLUTELY NOT. 491 00:16:57,585 --> 00:17:01,586 HYDROPONIC SYSTEMS. 492 00:17:01,589 --> 00:17:02,553 AND HERE, REALLY HAVE EXPERTS IN 493 00:17:02,556 --> 00:17:05,189 HYDROPONIC SYSTEMS. 494 00:17:05,192 --> 00:17:06,391 AND BASICALLY, WE COME UP WITH 495 00:17:06,394 --> 00:17:10,828 THE CULTURE SYSTEM. 496 00:17:10,831 --> 00:17:12,397 WHAT YOU SEE HERE, MORE 497 00:17:12,400 --> 00:17:13,097 SPECIFICALLY, IS A SET OF 498 00:17:13,100 --> 00:17:14,999 POCKETS, RIGHT? 499 00:17:15,002 --> 00:17:17,335 AND INSIDE THE POCKETS, 500 00:17:17,338 --> 00:17:22,573 BASICALLY WHAT YOU DO IS PUT THE 501 00:17:22,576 --> 00:17:22,907 SEEDS AND USUALLY, PUT THEM DOWN 502 00:17:22,910 --> 00:17:25,143 INSIDE. 503 00:17:25,146 --> 00:17:27,011 RIGHT HERE. 504 00:17:27,014 --> 00:17:30,048 AND THEN NO SOIL, RIGHT? 505 00:17:30,051 --> 00:17:32,483 AND THEN THE CABLE CULTURE 506 00:17:32,486 --> 00:17:37,121 SYSTEM AS WE CALL IT, YOU CAN 507 00:17:37,124 --> 00:17:39,290 KIND OF PARK THEM TOGETHER. 508 00:17:39,293 --> 00:17:41,125 AND WHAT HAPPENS, THIS 509 00:17:41,128 --> 00:17:44,128 STRUCTURE, THE WAY WE SEE IS 510 00:17:44,131 --> 00:17:46,364 BASICALLY CAN BE COLLAPSED AND 511 00:17:46,367 --> 00:17:48,933 NOW YOU SEE THE DEPLOYMENT. 512 00:17:48,936 --> 00:17:50,401 AND IT'S FULLY EXPANDED. 513 00:17:50,404 --> 00:17:53,871 BUT EITHER ON THE MOON OR ON 514 00:17:53,874 --> 00:17:55,306 MARS, WHICH YOU WOULD DO, JUST 515 00:17:55,309 --> 00:18:00,078 COMPRESS IT. 516 00:18:00,081 --> 00:18:04,182 AND HAVE THE CULTURE WHERE YOU 517 00:18:04,185 --> 00:18:05,983 CAN PRETTY MUCH PACK AND PUT 518 00:18:05,986 --> 00:18:10,121 QUITE A BIT INSIDE AND THEN ONCE 519 00:18:10,124 --> 00:18:14,058 YOU'RE OUT THERE, HAVE 520 00:18:14,061 --> 00:18:17,528 NUTRIENTS, THE WATER AND THE 521 00:18:17,531 --> 00:18:17,829 NUTRIENTS SLOW DOWN AND THE 522 00:18:17,832 --> 00:18:20,098 CYCLE. 523 00:18:20,101 --> 00:18:21,699 THEY HAD THE ARRIVAL OF THE 524 00:18:21,702 --> 00:18:24,035 ASTRONAUTS, SO ONCE AGAIN, THEY 525 00:18:24,038 --> 00:18:25,737 HAD A FRESH FRUIT AVAILABLE. 526 00:18:25,740 --> 00:18:28,906 >> DESCRIBE THE SIZE IN IT. 527 00:18:28,909 --> 00:18:29,273 WHY IS IT STRUCTURED WITH A 528 00:18:29,276 --> 00:18:32,977 CYLINDER? 529 00:18:32,980 --> 00:18:37,015 >> THE STRUCTURE OF THE CYLINDER 530 00:18:37,018 --> 00:18:41,753 BECAUSE THE MOON DEPLOYMENT, 531 00:18:41,756 --> 00:18:44,722 BASICALLY WE HAD CONCEIVED THAT 532 00:18:44,725 --> 00:18:45,957 THE SYSTEM WOULD BE DEPLOYED ON 533 00:18:45,960 --> 00:18:47,992 MARS. 534 00:18:47,995 --> 00:18:53,364 AND THE SYSTEM CONSIDERED THE 535 00:18:53,367 --> 00:18:53,665 CENTRAL HUB AND DIFFERENT FOLKS. 536 00:18:53,668 --> 00:18:58,202 RIGHT? 537 00:18:58,205 --> 00:18:58,603 ONE OF THOSE UNITS WOULD BE 538 00:18:58,606 --> 00:18:59,771 GREENHOUSES. 539 00:18:59,774 --> 00:19:01,639 THE SYSTEM CALLED FOOD 540 00:19:01,642 --> 00:19:02,874 PRODUCTION, OXYGEN, AND WATER 541 00:19:02,877 --> 00:19:08,179 AND SO ON. 542 00:19:08,182 --> 00:19:09,280 >> SO WE SEND A MAN TO THE MOON 543 00:19:09,283 --> 00:19:10,882 OR MARS. 544 00:19:10,885 --> 00:19:13,584 HE OR SHE WOULD BE ABLE TO 545 00:19:13,587 --> 00:19:16,988 SUSTAIN HER LIFE. 546 00:19:16,991 --> 00:19:18,523 >> OF COURSE, THERE'S A LOT OF 547 00:19:18,526 --> 00:19:19,957 CHALLENGES, YOU KNOW TO DO IT. 548 00:19:19,960 --> 00:19:21,092 BUT WE'RE COLLECTING DATA. 549 00:19:21,095 --> 00:19:22,827 WE'RE MONITORING. 550 00:19:22,830 --> 00:19:24,929 WE'RE TRYING TO PUSH THE 551 00:19:24,932 --> 00:19:26,531 ENVELOPE ON WHAT'S POSSIBLE. 552 00:19:26,534 --> 00:19:29,967 >> HERE AGAIN IS PETER SMITH 553 00:19:29,970 --> 00:19:31,803 WITH HIS THOUGHTS ON THE FUTURE 554 00:19:31,806 --> 00:19:33,604 OF MARS EXPLOEXPLORATION. 555 00:19:33,607 --> 00:19:34,038 >> THE PATH FINDER MISSION WAS A 556 00:19:34,041 --> 00:19:35,640 HUGE SUCCESS. 557 00:19:35,643 --> 00:19:37,175 WE LOVED IT. 558 00:19:37,178 --> 00:19:39,043 EVERYBODY LIKED THE PICTURES. 559 00:19:39,046 --> 00:19:41,446 WE WATCHED THE ROVER DRIVE 560 00:19:41,449 --> 00:19:41,746 AROUND AND EXPLORE THE ROCKS UP 561 00:19:41,749 --> 00:19:46,417 CLOSE. 562 00:19:46,420 --> 00:19:47,719 AND IN FACT, WE HAD THE FIRST 563 00:19:47,722 --> 00:19:51,556 TRAFFIC ACCIDENT OUTSIDE OF THE 564 00:19:51,559 --> 00:19:52,090 PLANET EARTH AS THE RIVER HIT A 565 00:19:52,093 --> 00:19:53,224 ROCK. 566 00:19:53,227 --> 00:19:53,624 SO, YOU KNOW, THERE WAS A LOT OF 567 00:19:53,627 --> 00:19:54,926 EXCITEMENT. 568 00:19:54,929 --> 00:19:57,228 IT WAS JUST THRILLING. 569 00:19:57,231 --> 00:19:58,796 BUT THEN SEVERAL YEARS LATER IN 570 00:19:58,799 --> 00:20:00,498 1999, WE CAME ON A RETURN 571 00:20:00,501 --> 00:20:00,832 MISSION AND WE LOST THE WHOLE 572 00:20:00,835 --> 00:20:02,633 MISSION. 573 00:20:02,636 --> 00:20:04,202 SO WE'D GONE FROM THIS HUGE 574 00:20:04,205 --> 00:20:07,505 SUCCESS AND THE THRILL OF 575 00:20:07,508 --> 00:20:08,773 LANDING ON MARS AND TAKING 576 00:20:08,776 --> 00:20:10,008 PICTURES AND DOING EXPLORATION 577 00:20:10,011 --> 00:20:12,877 TO A COMPLETE FAILURE. 578 00:20:12,880 --> 00:20:13,578 WE HAD NO PICTURES, NO 579 00:20:13,581 --> 00:20:16,714 EXPLORATION POSSIBLE. 580 00:20:16,717 --> 00:20:18,249 AND IT JUST SHOWS HOW DIFFICULT 581 00:20:18,252 --> 00:20:20,852 IT IS TO DO SCIENCE ON MARS. 582 00:20:20,855 --> 00:20:23,454 AND ALSO, HOW DIFFICULT IT WILL 583 00:20:23,457 --> 00:20:25,089 BE FOR PEOPLE TO GO TO MARS. 584 00:20:25,092 --> 00:20:26,958 NOT A SIMPLE THING. 585 00:20:26,961 --> 00:20:28,826 WE LOOK FORWARD TO IT, BUT I'M 586 00:20:28,829 --> 00:20:31,362 AFRAID IT MAY BE A LONG TIME 587 00:20:31,365 --> 00:20:32,764 BEFORE WE'RE REALLY PREPARED TO 588 00:20:32,767 --> 00:20:34,365 SEND PEOPLE. 589 00:20:34,368 --> 00:20:34,666 >> CAN LIFE SUSTAIN ITSELF ON 590 00:20:34,669 --> 00:20:36,934 MARS? 591 00:20:36,937 --> 00:20:38,870 >> WELL, THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 592 00:20:38,873 --> 00:20:42,340 THAT'S SORT OF THE HOLY GRAIL OF 593 00:20:42,343 --> 00:20:43,474 OUR MISSION IS TO TRY AND FIND 594 00:20:43,477 --> 00:20:45,476 IF LIFE CAN SURVIVE ON MARS AS 595 00:20:45,479 --> 00:20:49,380 IT DID IN PRIMITIVE EARTH, WHICH 596 00:20:49,383 --> 00:20:50,381 WAS A HARSH ENVIRONMENT ALSO. 597 00:20:50,384 --> 00:20:53,284 CERTAINLY COULD. 598 00:20:53,287 --> 00:20:53,618 BUT NOT COMMONLY FOUND ON THE 599 00:20:53,621 --> 00:20:55,119 SURFACE. 600 00:20:55,122 --> 00:20:57,255 IT WOULD BE IN LITTLE NICHES OR 601 00:20:57,258 --> 00:20:59,924 CAVES OR UNDERGROUND SITUATIONS 602 00:20:59,927 --> 00:21:01,659 WHERE IT'S PROTECTED. 603 00:21:01,662 --> 00:21:01,959 >> YOU LIKED MARS BEFORE IT WAS 604 00:21:01,962 --> 00:21:03,661 COOL. 605 00:21:03,664 --> 00:21:03,928 THE MOVIE THE MARTIAN JUST CAME 606 00:21:03,931 --> 00:21:07,465 OUT. 607 00:21:07,468 --> 00:21:08,599 A LOT OF PEOPLE JUMP ON THE BAND 608 00:21:08,602 --> 00:21:09,634 WAGON RIGHT NOW. 609 00:21:09,637 --> 00:21:12,003 PROBABLY LITTLE KIDS LIKE YOU 610 00:21:12,006 --> 00:21:13,204 WERE WATCHING IT. 611 00:21:13,207 --> 00:21:13,705 IS THIS A NEW CONCEPT INTO 612 00:21:13,708 --> 00:21:15,039 LOVING SCIENCE? 613 00:21:15,042 --> 00:21:15,573 >> THAT WOULD BE A WONDERFUL 614 00:21:15,576 --> 00:21:17,308 THING, YES. 615 00:21:17,311 --> 00:21:18,276 SCIENCE IS A GREAT WAY TO LEARN 616 00:21:18,279 --> 00:21:19,410 ABOUT THE WORLD. 617 00:21:19,413 --> 00:21:21,713 AND A WONDERFUL CAREER. 618 00:21:21,716 --> 00:21:24,982 SO I REALLY HOPE IT DOES 619 00:21:24,985 --> 00:21:25,350 ENCOURAGE KIDS TO STUDY THEIR 620 00:21:25,353 --> 00:21:27,752 SCIENCES. 621 00:21:27,755 --> 00:21:28,453 YOU CAN CONSIDER CAREERS. 622 00:21:28,456 --> 00:21:29,554 >> THE MARTIAN MOVIE DID NOT 623 00:21:29,557 --> 00:21:32,123 NECESSARILY CONTACT YOU 624 00:21:32,126 --> 00:21:32,557 DIRECTLY, BUT YOU HAD SOME ROLE 625 00:21:32,560 --> 00:21:35,526 IN THIS FILM. 626 00:21:35,529 --> 00:21:37,195 >> WELL, THE JET PROPULSION LAB 627 00:21:37,198 --> 00:21:40,465 ASKED ME IF I HAD ANY OLD 628 00:21:40,468 --> 00:21:40,798 PHOTOGRAPHS OF OUR CAMERA MOVING 629 00:21:40,801 --> 00:21:42,500 AROUND. 630 00:21:42,503 --> 00:21:44,068 I HAVE TO TELL YOU, I'M NOT 631 00:21:44,071 --> 00:21:46,604 TOTALLY PROUD OF THIS, BUT THE 632 00:21:46,607 --> 00:21:46,971 CAMERA DOESN'T MOVE AS NICE AND 633 00:21:46,974 --> 00:21:50,241 SMOOTHLY. 634 00:21:50,244 --> 00:21:52,977 IT ACTUALLY IS A LITTLE JERKY AS 635 00:21:52,980 --> 00:21:54,245 IT TURNS. 636 00:21:54,248 --> 00:21:55,380 IT WAS A LOW BUDGET CAMERA. 637 00:21:55,383 --> 00:21:57,582 IT WAS A LITTLE JERKY. 638 00:21:57,585 --> 00:21:59,550 WHEN I USED TO GO TO JPL DURING 639 00:21:59,553 --> 00:22:00,852 THE DAY FOR THE MISSION, THE 640 00:22:00,855 --> 00:22:03,488 PROJECT MANAGER TONY SPEARS, 641 00:22:03,491 --> 00:22:06,090 WHEN HE WOULD SEE ME COMING, OH, 642 00:22:06,093 --> 00:22:06,391 PETER, HE'D START MOVING HIS 643 00:22:06,394 --> 00:22:07,625 HEAD. 644 00:22:07,628 --> 00:22:08,192 >> TELL ME ABOUT THE PICTURE YOU 645 00:22:08,195 --> 00:22:10,795 BROUGHT TODAY. 646 00:22:10,798 --> 00:22:13,498 >> THE PICTURE I BROUGHT IS OUR 647 00:22:13,501 --> 00:22:16,034 FLIGHT CAMERA TAKEN IN 1995 AS 648 00:22:16,037 --> 00:22:16,434 IT WAS DELIVERED TO THE 649 00:22:16,437 --> 00:22:17,468 SPACECRAFT. 650 00:22:17,471 --> 00:22:18,436 RIGHT BEFORE DELIVERY, WE TOOK 651 00:22:18,439 --> 00:22:19,971 THE LAST PICTURE OF IT. 652 00:22:19,974 --> 00:22:21,272 I WANTED TO POINT OUT. 653 00:22:21,275 --> 00:22:21,839 IT LOOKED VERY MUCH LIKE THE ONE 654 00:22:21,842 --> 00:22:24,809 IN THE MOVIE. 655 00:22:24,812 --> 00:22:25,810 IT HAS THE TWO EYES WHICH ALLOWS 656 00:22:25,813 --> 00:22:27,145 THE STEREO VIEW. 657 00:22:27,148 --> 00:22:28,079 IT HAS THE NECK THAT TURNS LIKE 658 00:22:28,082 --> 00:22:29,647 THE HUMAN HEAD. 659 00:22:29,650 --> 00:22:30,782 GIVES YOU A HUMAN VISION OF WHAT 660 00:22:30,785 --> 00:22:32,116 MARS WOULD LOOK LIKE. 661 00:22:32,119 --> 00:22:32,417 BUT IT'S A LITTLE DIFFERENT 662 00:22:32,420 --> 00:22:33,818 MASS. 663 00:22:33,821 --> 00:22:34,786 IN THE MOVIE, IT HAD THIS 664 00:22:34,789 --> 00:22:35,086 BEAUTIFUL MASS THAT WENT UP AND 665 00:22:35,089 --> 00:22:36,354 DOWN. 666 00:22:36,357 --> 00:22:37,789 WE WOULDN'T AFFORD THAT. 667 00:22:37,792 --> 00:22:39,624 SO WE'D HAVE A LITTLE JACK IN 668 00:22:39,627 --> 00:22:41,659 THE BOX THING THAT WENT UP. 669 00:22:41,662 --> 00:22:45,163 BUT IF YOU LOOK CLOSELY AT IT, 670 00:22:45,166 --> 00:22:46,331 AND I WANT YOU TO ZOOM IN ON ITS 671 00:22:46,334 --> 00:22:46,631 SO-CALLED FACE, YOU SEE THE 672 00:22:46,634 --> 00:22:48,199 EYES. 673 00:22:48,202 --> 00:22:52,970 IF YOU LOOK CAREFULLY, YOU'LL 674 00:22:52,973 --> 00:22:57,041 SEE A LITTLE SMILE. 675 00:22:57,044 --> 00:22:58,109 AND THOSE ARE THE VIN POOLS. 676 00:22:58,112 --> 00:22:59,310 LET'S MAKE A SMILE. 677 00:22:59,313 --> 00:23:00,078 IF YOU LOOK AT THE CAMERA, 678 00:23:00,081 --> 00:23:01,412 YOU'LL SEE THE SMILE. 679 00:23:01,415 --> 00:23:01,713 THEY DIDN'T GET THAT IN THE 680 00:23:01,716 --> 00:23:02,980 MOVIE. 681 00:23:02,983 --> 00:23:03,348 THEY SHOULD HAVE CALLED ME 682 00:23:03,351 --> 00:23:06,918 DIRECTLY. 683 00:23:06,921 --> 00:23:08,653 I WOULD HAVE POINTED IT OUT. 684 00:23:08,656 --> 00:23:09,821 >> HOW PROUD MUST YOU BE OF YOUR 685 00:23:09,824 --> 00:23:11,756 WORK HERE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF 686 00:23:11,759 --> 00:23:12,056 ARIZONA AND TO SEE IT NOW IN THE 687 00:23:12,059 --> 00:23:13,358 MOVIE? 688 00:23:13,361 --> 00:23:15,626 I MEAN, YOU'VE BEEN PROUD FOR A 689 00:23:15,629 --> 00:23:16,160 LONG TIME, BUT NOW PEOPLE ARE 690 00:23:16,163 --> 00:23:18,629 UNDERSTANDING. 691 00:23:18,632 --> 00:23:20,331 >> WELL, I WAS BLESSED TO BE 692 00:23:20,334 --> 00:23:20,631 BORN AT THE RIGHT TIME FOR 693 00:23:20,634 --> 00:23:23,868 SPACE. 694 00:23:23,871 --> 00:23:25,603 MY CAREER STARTED WITH THE 695 00:23:25,606 --> 00:23:27,705 APOLLO PROGRAM AND CONTINUED 696 00:23:27,708 --> 00:23:29,707 UNTIL THE DAY THE EXPLORATION OF 697 00:23:29,710 --> 00:23:31,309 EVERY SINGLE ONE OF OUR PLANETS 698 00:23:31,312 --> 00:23:32,410 AND EVEN ONE THAT'S NO LONGER A 699 00:23:32,413 --> 00:23:32,744 PLANET HAPPENED DURING MY 700 00:23:32,747 --> 00:23:34,579 CAREER. 701 00:23:34,582 --> 00:23:35,947 SO I COULDN'T HAVE CHOSEN A 702 00:23:35,950 --> 00:23:36,280 BETTER TIME TO GO INTO SPACE 703 00:23:36,283 --> 00:23:37,715 SCIENCE. 704 00:23:44,591 --> 00:23:49,060 >> JOINING ME NOW IS SARAH 705 00:23:49,063 --> 00:23:49,360 HAMMOND, THE SCIENCE PRODUCER 706 00:23:49,363 --> 00:23:50,428 HERE. 707 00:23:50,431 --> 00:23:50,728 THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING ME 708 00:23:50,731 --> 00:23:53,498 TODAY. 709 00:23:53,501 --> 00:23:54,198 >> YOU'RE WELCOME. 710 00:23:54,201 --> 00:23:55,400 >> HOW LONG HAS THIS RESEARCH 711 00:23:55,403 --> 00:23:56,234 BEEN DONE HERE AT THE UNIVERSITY 712 00:23:56,237 --> 00:23:59,470 WORKING WITH NASA? 713 00:23:59,473 --> 00:24:02,507 >> WELL, THE PLANETARY LAB AND 714 00:24:02,510 --> 00:24:06,110 THE SCIENCES DEPARTMENT STOOD UP 715 00:24:06,113 --> 00:24:07,412 IN THE 1960s WHEN JER RON HYPER 716 00:24:07,415 --> 00:24:08,513 WAS RECRUITED FROM THE 717 00:24:08,516 --> 00:24:14,085 UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. 718 00:24:14,088 --> 00:24:14,619 HE WAS MAPPING THE MOON FOR A 719 00:24:14,622 --> 00:24:16,020 LUNAR LANDING SITE. 720 00:24:16,023 --> 00:24:16,621 PRESIDENT KENNEDY WAS PASSIONATE 721 00:24:16,624 --> 00:24:18,189 ABOUT IT. 722 00:24:18,192 --> 00:24:19,557 IT JUST CONTINUED. 723 00:24:19,560 --> 00:24:22,327 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA HAS 724 00:24:22,330 --> 00:24:24,929 BEEN INVOLVED IN LITERALLY ALL 725 00:24:24,932 --> 00:24:26,597 IF NOT ALL OF PLANETARY 726 00:24:26,600 --> 00:24:27,565 EXPLORATION SYSTEMS THROUGHOUT 727 00:24:27,568 --> 00:24:29,067 OUR SOLAR SYSTEM. 728 00:24:29,070 --> 00:24:29,534 THE LAST THREE OR FOUR DECADES 729 00:24:29,537 --> 00:24:30,535 OR SO. 730 00:24:30,538 --> 00:24:33,671 MANY MORE TO COME. 731 00:24:33,674 --> 00:24:35,807 WHEN WE SEE A PROJECT LIKE THIS, 732 00:24:35,810 --> 00:24:36,941 THE MARTIAN MOVIE WHERE EVERYONE 733 00:24:36,944 --> 00:24:38,242 WONDERS, WHAT ARE THE SCIENTISTS 734 00:24:38,245 --> 00:24:38,609 AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 735 00:24:38,612 --> 00:24:41,212 THINKING? 736 00:24:41,215 --> 00:24:42,513 IT GOES BEYOND THE U OF A. 737 00:24:42,516 --> 00:24:43,181 IT HAPPENS IN OTHER UNIVERSITIES 738 00:24:43,184 --> 00:24:45,483 AND THE STATE. 739 00:24:45,486 --> 00:24:48,219 >> RIGHT. 740 00:24:48,222 --> 00:24:50,355 WE HAVE A PLANETARY SCIENCES 741 00:24:50,358 --> 00:24:50,755 DEPARTMENT HERE AT THE TUCSON 742 00:24:50,758 --> 00:24:51,622 UNIVERSITY. 743 00:24:51,625 --> 00:24:54,592 ARIZONA UNIVERSITY HAS DONE A 744 00:24:54,595 --> 00:24:58,596 LOT OF WORK ON MARS EXPLORATION. 745 00:24:58,599 --> 00:25:00,698 AND THE OBSERVATORY IN 746 00:25:00,701 --> 00:25:00,999 FLAGSTAFF, OF COURSE, DISCOVERED 747 00:25:01,002 --> 00:25:03,167 PLUTO. 748 00:25:03,170 --> 00:25:05,036 AND THEY CONTINUE TO DO 749 00:25:05,039 --> 00:25:07,005 IMPORTANT WORK THERE AS WELL. 750 00:25:07,008 --> 00:25:08,840 SO ARIZONA IS PRETTY WELL KNOWN 751 00:25:08,843 --> 00:25:09,507 FOR PLANETARY EXPLORATION IN 752 00:25:09,510 --> 00:25:10,808 SCIENCE AND DISCOVERY. 753 00:25:10,811 --> 00:25:11,976 >> AND THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 754 00:25:11,979 --> 00:25:14,312 MADE SOME NEWS SEVERAL WEEKS 755 00:25:14,315 --> 00:25:15,046 BACK WHEN WE HEARD NEWS OF WATER 756 00:25:15,049 --> 00:25:16,180 ON MARS. 757 00:25:16,183 --> 00:25:18,950 HOW DID THAT ALL HAPPEN? 758 00:25:18,953 --> 00:25:20,351 >> INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH, THE 759 00:25:20,354 --> 00:25:23,488 HIGH RES CAMERA WHICH WE JUST 760 00:25:23,491 --> 00:25:25,289 HEARD ABOUT FROM DR. McKARIN, 761 00:25:25,292 --> 00:25:26,624 CIRCLES MARS EVERY FEW HOURS AND 762 00:25:26,627 --> 00:25:27,959 AND UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT 763 00:25:27,962 --> 00:25:30,595 NOTICED THESE FEATURES ON MARS. 764 00:25:30,598 --> 00:25:33,698 IT LOOKED LIKE THEY WERE 765 00:25:33,701 --> 00:25:36,434 EXTENDED OUT AND GO BACK AWAY. 766 00:25:36,437 --> 00:25:37,101 HE WENT TO DOCUMENT AND 767 00:25:37,104 --> 00:25:41,506 DETERMINED THAT IS ACTUALLY 768 00:25:41,509 --> 00:25:42,140 WATER FLOWING ON MARS DURING THE 769 00:25:42,143 --> 00:25:46,044 SUMMER. 770 00:25:46,047 --> 00:25:51,783 SO THE FAULTS ON MARS ALLOWS THE 771 00:25:51,786 --> 00:25:52,116 WATER TO LIQUEFY AND SEE IT IN 772 00:25:52,119 --> 00:25:54,052 WINTER. 773 00:25:54,055 --> 00:25:55,787 THE FEATURES WERE FIRST 774 00:25:55,790 --> 00:25:58,322 DISCOVERED BY HIGH RES AND THEN 775 00:25:58,325 --> 00:25:59,857 ANOTHER INSTRUMENT ON THE MARS 776 00:25:59,860 --> 00:26:03,928 CONFIRMED THEM. 777 00:26:03,931 --> 00:26:05,563 >> SO SORT OF STARTED AT THE U 778 00:26:05,566 --> 00:26:07,398 OF A AND THEN CAME FULL CIRCLE. 779 00:26:07,401 --> 00:26:08,299 HAD THE SCIENTIFIC WORLD BUZZING 780 00:26:08,302 --> 00:26:08,833 A FEW WEEKS AGO. 781 00:26:08,836 --> 00:26:10,101 >> CERTAINLY. 782 00:26:10,104 --> 00:26:11,569 >> THIS MOVIE, THE MARTIAN, 783 00:26:11,572 --> 00:26:12,236 REALLY GAINING A LOT OF GROUND 784 00:26:12,239 --> 00:26:13,538 IN HOLLYWOOD. 785 00:26:13,541 --> 00:26:15,406 BUT I THINK ALSO REALLY 786 00:26:15,409 --> 00:26:15,807 INSPIRING A NEW GENERATION OF 787 00:26:15,810 --> 00:26:17,909 SCIENTISTS. 788 00:26:17,912 --> 00:26:20,211 >> IT REALLY IS. 789 00:26:20,214 --> 00:26:21,612 I SAT IN ON THE PANEL DISCUSSION 790 00:26:21,615 --> 00:26:22,947 OVER AT THE SCIENCE THERE. 791 00:26:22,950 --> 00:26:26,217 THERE ARE A NUMBER OF STUDENTS 792 00:26:26,220 --> 00:26:27,919 THERE AND I THINK THE IDEA THAT 793 00:26:27,922 --> 00:26:29,487 WE CAN LEARN ABOUT OTHER 794 00:26:29,490 --> 00:26:31,055 PLANETS, PERHAPS GO TO OTHER 795 00:26:31,058 --> 00:26:33,324 PLANETS SOME DAY, IS INSPIRING 796 00:26:33,327 --> 00:26:35,126 FOR YOUNG PEOPLE TO BECOME 797 00:26:35,129 --> 00:26:37,161 SCIENTISTS OR ENGINEERS. 798 00:26:37,164 --> 00:26:40,999 AND REALLY CONTINUE ON WITH THE 799 00:26:41,002 --> 00:26:43,368 WORK THAT'S BEEN GOING ON SINCE 800 00:26:43,371 --> 00:26:44,402 THE '50s AND '60s. 801 00:26:44,405 --> 00:26:48,106 >> THE PANEL DISCUSSION YOU WERE 802 00:26:48,109 --> 00:26:48,840 ABLE TO SIT IN ON, A LOT SAY 803 00:26:48,843 --> 00:26:49,841 THIS WAS DONE WELL CONSIDERING 804 00:26:49,844 --> 00:26:52,010 THE CIRCUMSTANCES AND WHAT THEY 805 00:26:52,013 --> 00:26:52,643 WERE TRYING TO PORTRAY. 806 00:26:52,646 --> 00:26:54,212 >> ABSOLUTELY. 807 00:26:54,215 --> 00:26:57,215 IT'S A FILM MADE FROM A LOCAL 808 00:26:57,218 --> 00:26:57,582 FICTION, BUT THE AUTHOR DID HIS 809 00:26:57,585 --> 00:26:59,017 HOMEWORK. 810 00:26:59,020 --> 00:27:02,353 AND DID A LOT OF RESEARCH. 811 00:27:02,356 --> 00:27:02,754 IT'S AS REALISTIC AS IT CAN 812 00:27:02,757 --> 00:27:05,556 POSSIBLY BE. 813 00:27:05,559 --> 00:27:06,991 IT IS A LOT OF FUN TOO. 814 00:27:06,994 --> 00:27:08,259 AND THE INTEREST IN MARS. 815 00:27:08,262 --> 00:27:10,161 YOU WANT TO GO SEE IT. 816 00:27:10,164 --> 00:27:11,429 >> AND ALL OF THE PROFESSORS WE 817 00:27:11,432 --> 00:27:13,131 SPOKE WITH AT THE UNIVERSITY 818 00:27:13,134 --> 00:27:14,532 TALKED IN LENGTH ABOUT HOW IT 819 00:27:14,535 --> 00:27:14,899 WAS WELL DONE AND THERE ARE SOME 820 00:27:14,902 --> 00:27:16,701 CONCERNS. 821 00:27:16,704 --> 00:27:19,537 BUT FOR THE MOST PART, IT DID A 822 00:27:19,540 --> 00:27:20,271 REALLY GOOD JOB OF GIVING CREDIT 823 00:27:20,274 --> 00:27:20,972 TO THE WORK THAT'S DONE HERE AT 824 00:27:20,975 --> 00:27:24,676 THE U OF A. 825 00:27:24,679 --> 00:27:26,377 >> HERE AT THE U OF A AND NASA, 826 00:27:26,380 --> 00:27:29,213 THE JET PROPULSION LABORATORY 827 00:27:29,216 --> 00:27:29,881 GOT A PRETTY GOOD SHOUTOUT WITH 828 00:27:29,884 --> 00:27:31,582 THE MOVIE. 829 00:27:31,585 --> 00:27:33,885 IT'S REALISTIC AND FUN. 830 00:27:33,888 --> 00:27:35,753 >> SARAH HAMMOND, SCIENCE 831 00:27:35,756 --> 00:27:36,054 PRODUCER HERE AT ARIZONA PUBLIC 832 00:27:36,057 --> 00:27:36,754 MEDIA. 833 00:27:36,757 --> 00:27:37,121 THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR 834 00:27:37,124 --> 00:27:37,655 ANALYSIS. 835 00:27:37,658 --> 00:27:38,356 >> YOU'RE WELCOME. 836 00:27:38,359 --> 00:27:38,756 >> AND THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR 837 00:27:38,759 --> 00:27:42,327 JOINING US. 838 00:27:42,330 --> 00:27:42,894 FOR ALL OF US AT ARIZONA PUBLIC