WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:03.168 >>> THE NEED TO CONSERVE WATER IN ARIZONA IS A GIVEN. 00:03.170 --> 00:04.670 IN ARIZONA IS A GIVEN. YET THERE'S A LONG WAY TO GO AND 00:04.672 --> 00:08.007 YET THERE'S A LONG WAY TO GO AND LACK OF CONSENSUS ON DIRECTION. 00:08.009 --> 00:10.376 LACK OF CONSENSUS ON DIRECTION. >> EVENTUALLY, ARIZONA WILL HAVE 00:10.378 --> 00:12.911 >> EVENTUALLY, ARIZONA WILL HAVE MORE WATER DEMANDS BECAUSE IT 00:12.913 --> 00:14.580 MORE WATER DEMANDS BECAUSE IT WILL HAVE MORE PEOPLE THAN THE 00:14.582 --> 00:15.614 WILL HAVE MORE PEOPLE THAN THE EXISTING WATER SUPPLY. 00:15.616 --> 00:16.949 EXISTING WATER SUPPLY. WHICH MEANS THAT WE'LL HAVE TO 00:16.951 --> 00:18.317 WHICH MEANS THAT WE'LL HAVE TO FIND MORE WATER SOMEWHERE. 00:18.319 --> 00:20.419 FIND MORE WATER SOMEWHERE. WE CAN'T CONSERVE OUR WAY OUT OF 00:20.421 --> 00:20.686 WE CAN'T CONSERVE OUR WAY OUT OF IT. 00:20.688 --> 00:23.155 IT. >> THAT AND ANOTHER VIEW ON 00:23.157 --> 00:24.490 >> THAT AND ANOTHER VIEW ON WATER, PLUS 50 YEARS AFTER JOHN 00:24.492 --> 00:26.291 WATER, PLUS 50 YEARS AFTER JOHN F. KENNEDY'S DEATH, WE LOOK AT 00:26.293 --> 00:29.194 F. KENNEDY'S DEATH, WE LOOK AT HIS CONNECTIONS TO OUR STATE. 00:29.196 --> 00:31.730 HIS CONNECTIONS TO OUR STATE. IT'S "ARIZONA WEEK." 00:31.732 --> 00:33.032 IT'S "ARIZONA WEEK." >> PRODUCTION OF ARIZONA WEEK IS 00:33.034 --> 00:35.868 >> PRODUCTION OF ARIZONA WEEK IS MADE POSSIBLE IN PART BY A GRANT 00:35.870 --> 00:37.269 MADE POSSIBLE IN PART BY A GRANT FROM THE STONEWALL FOUNDATION 00:37.271 --> 00:38.303 FROM THE STONEWALL FOUNDATION AND FROM THE MEMBERS OF ARIZONA 00:38.305 --> 00:38.737 AND FROM THE MEMBERS OF ARIZONA PUBLIC MEDIA. 00:38.739 --> 00:39.438 PUBLIC MEDIA. THANK YOU FOR YOUR CONTINUED 00:39.440 --> 00:43.342 THANK YOU FOR YOUR CONTINUED SUPPORT. 00:43.344 --> 00:57.456 ONCE AGAIN, YOUR MODERATOR, MICHAEL CHIHAK. 00:57.458 --> 00:59.491 MICHAEL CHIHAK. >> BEHIND MANY ECONOMIC AND 00:59.493 --> 01:00.492 >> BEHIND MANY ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL SOCIAL DECISIONS IN 01:00.494 --> 01:01.527 POLITICAL SOCIAL DECISIONS IN ARIZONA IS THE QUESTION OF WHERE 01:01.529 --> 01:03.228 ARIZONA IS THE QUESTION OF WHERE WE WILL GET WATER OR IF IT ISN'T 01:03.230 --> 01:04.563 WE WILL GET WATER OR IF IT ISN'T PART OF SUCH DISCUSSIONS, IT 01:04.565 --> 01:04.930 PART OF SUCH DISCUSSIONS, IT SHOULD BE. 01:04.932 --> 01:06.265 SHOULD BE. TALK OF THE STATE'S SHORT TERM 01:06.267 --> 01:08.700 TALK OF THE STATE'S SHORT TERM AND LONG TERM WATER ISSUES 01:08.702 --> 01:10.869 AND LONG TERM WATER ISSUES ABOUND AND MUCH IS IN THE WORKS. 01:10.871 --> 01:12.938 ABOUND AND MUCH IS IN THE WORKS. THIS WEEK, THE MORRISON 01:12.940 --> 01:14.606 THIS WEEK, THE MORRISON INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY AT 01:14.608 --> 01:16.942 INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY AT ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY HELD A 01:16.944 --> 01:19.344 ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY HELD A FORUM ON WATER AND AZPM'S 01:19.346 --> 01:20.546 FORUM ON WATER AND AZPM'S CHRISTOPHER CONOVER CAUGHT UP 01:20.548 --> 01:22.714 CHRISTOPHER CONOVER CAUGHT UP WITH ONE OF ITS PARTICIPANTS, 01:22.716 --> 01:24.616 WITH ONE OF ITS PARTICIPANTS, FORMER U.S. SENATOR JON KYL, WHO 01:24.618 --> 01:25.284 FORMER U.S. SENATOR JON KYL, WHO REMAINS ACTIVE IN ARIZONA'S 01:25.286 --> 01:29.688 REMAINS ACTIVE IN ARIZONA'S WATER FUTURE. 01:29.690 --> 01:30.923 WATER FUTURE. >> SENATOR, THANK YOU SO MUCH 01:30.925 --> 01:32.257 >> SENATOR, THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR SITTING DOWN WITH US. 01:32.259 --> 01:33.158 FOR SITTING DOWN WITH US. >> GLAD TO BE HERE. 01:33.160 --> 01:34.593 >> GLAD TO BE HERE. >> YOU JUST SPENT ABOUT AN HOUR 01:34.595 --> 01:36.295 >> YOU JUST SPENT ABOUT AN HOUR DOING A PANEL DISCUSSION TALKING 01:36.297 --> 01:38.097 DOING A PANEL DISCUSSION TALKING ABOUT WATER AND ONE OF THE BIG 01:38.099 --> 01:39.932 ABOUT WATER AND ONE OF THE BIG TAKE-AWAYS I HEARD FROM YOU WAS 01:39.934 --> 01:41.567 TAKE-AWAYS I HEARD FROM YOU WAS IT'S A TWOFOLD PROBLEM. 01:41.569 --> 01:43.168 IT'S A TWOFOLD PROBLEM. SHORT TERM AND LONG TERM. 01:43.170 --> 01:44.603 SHORT TERM AND LONG TERM. FOR ARIZONA AND REALLY, THE 01:44.605 --> 01:47.306 FOR ARIZONA AND REALLY, THE NATION AS A WHOLE, BUT REALLY, 01:47.308 --> 01:47.639 NATION AS A WHOLE, BUT REALLY, ARIZONA. 01:47.641 --> 01:48.674 ARIZONA. IF YOU CAN FOR OUR VIEWERS, TALK 01:48.676 --> 01:50.375 IF YOU CAN FOR OUR VIEWERS, TALK A LITTLE ABOUT SOME OF THE SHORT 01:50.377 --> 01:51.376 A LITTLE ABOUT SOME OF THE SHORT TERM VERSUS LONG TERM PROBLEMS. 01:51.378 --> 01:51.944 TERM VERSUS LONG TERM PROBLEMS. >> SURE. 01:51.946 --> 01:53.378 >> SURE. FIRST LET'S TALK ABOUT LONG 01:53.380 --> 01:54.113 FIRST LET'S TALK ABOUT LONG TERM, BECAUSE THAT'S MORE EASILY 01:54.115 --> 01:57.716 TERM, BECAUSE THAT'S MORE EASILY UNDERSTOOD. 01:57.718 --> 01:59.351 UNDERSTOOD. EVENTUALLY, ARIZONA WILL HAVE 01:59.353 --> 02:01.253 EVENTUALLY, ARIZONA WILL HAVE MORE WATER DEMANDS BECAUSE IT 02:01.255 --> 02:03.522 MORE WATER DEMANDS BECAUSE IT WILL HAVE MORE PEOPLE THAN THE 02:03.524 --> 02:04.490 WILL HAVE MORE PEOPLE THAN THE EXISTING WATER SUPPLY, WHICH 02:04.492 --> 02:06.058 EXISTING WATER SUPPLY, WHICH MEANS THAT WE WILL HAVE TO FIND 02:06.060 --> 02:07.292 MEANS THAT WE WILL HAVE TO FIND MORE WATER SOMEWHERE. 02:07.294 --> 02:09.995 MORE WATER SOMEWHERE. WE CAN'T CONSERVE OUR WAY OUT OF 02:09.997 --> 02:10.262 WE CAN'T CONSERVE OUR WAY OUT OF IT. 02:10.264 --> 02:10.929 IT. THAT HELPS BUT IT'S NOT THE 02:10.931 --> 02:14.233 THAT HELPS BUT IT'S NOT THE SILVER BULLET. 02:14.235 --> 02:15.734 SILVER BULLET. SO AUGMENTATION OF OUR WATER 02:15.736 --> 02:16.935 SO AUGMENTATION OF OUR WATER SUPPLY EVENTUALLY WILL BE PART 02:16.937 --> 02:17.836 SUPPLY EVENTUALLY WILL BE PART OF THE SOLUTION, AND THAT WILL 02:17.838 --> 02:19.471 OF THE SOLUTION, AND THAT WILL BE VERY, VERY EXPENSIVE, 02:19.473 --> 02:26.578 BE VERY, VERY EXPENSIVE, SOMETHING LIKE DESALINIZATION. 02:26.580 --> 02:27.346 SOMETHING LIKE DESALINIZATION. THAT'S DOWN THE ROAD. 02:27.348 --> 02:29.114 THAT'S DOWN THE ROAD. WE HAVE TO FIGURE OUT HOW TODAY 02:29.116 --> 02:32.751 WE HAVE TO FIGURE OUT HOW TODAY TO BE ABLE TO AFFORD AND DEVELOP 02:32.753 --> 02:33.986 TO BE ABLE TO AFFORD AND DEVELOP POLITICAL SUPPORT FOR THOSE 02:33.988 --> 02:34.987 POLITICAL SUPPORT FOR THOSE SOLUTIONS SO THEY ARE IN PLACE 02:34.989 --> 02:36.054 SOLUTIONS SO THEY ARE IN PLACE AND READY WHEN THE TIME COMES. 02:36.056 --> 02:37.723 AND READY WHEN THE TIME COMES. IN THE SHORT TERM, WE HAVE A 02:37.725 --> 02:38.590 IN THE SHORT TERM, WE HAVE A VARIETY OF ISSUES THAT HAVE TO 02:38.592 --> 02:40.659 VARIETY OF ISSUES THAT HAVE TO BE DEALT WITH. 02:40.661 --> 02:42.394 BE DEALT WITH. FIRST, WE HAVE BEEN ENGAGED NOW 02:42.396 --> 02:48.634 FIRST, WE HAVE BEEN ENGAGED NOW FOR SEVERAL DECADES IN THE WATER 02:48.636 --> 02:50.068 FOR SEVERAL DECADES IN THE WATER ADJUDICATION, FIGURING OUT WHO 02:50.070 --> 02:51.303 ADJUDICATION, FIGURING OUT WHO HAS THE RIGHTS TO THE SURFACE 02:51.305 --> 02:52.371 HAS THE RIGHTS TO THE SURFACE WATER IN THE STATE. 02:52.373 --> 02:54.106 WATER IN THE STATE. WE'VE MADE A LOT OF HEADWAY IN 02:54.108 --> 02:54.406 WE'VE MADE A LOT OF HEADWAY IN COURT. 02:54.408 --> 02:55.874 COURT. THERE HAVE BEEN SEVERAL INDIAN 02:55.876 --> 02:57.376 THERE HAVE BEEN SEVERAL INDIAN WATER SETTLEMENTS BECAUSE INDIAN 02:57.378 --> 02:59.344 WATER SETTLEMENTS BECAUSE INDIAN TRIBES ARE CLAIMANTS AND WHEN 02:59.346 --> 03:00.879 TRIBES ARE CLAIMANTS AND WHEN THE PARTIES CAN GET TOGETHER AND 03:00.881 --> 03:01.613 THE PARTIES CAN GET TOGETHER AND SETTLE THOSE DIFFERENCES RATHER 03:01.615 --> 03:02.915 SETTLE THOSE DIFFERENCES RATHER THAN FIGHTING ABOUT THEM IN 03:02.917 --> 03:04.850 THAN FIGHTING ABOUT THEM IN COURT, THAT'S A BIG PIECE OF THE 03:04.852 --> 03:05.484 COURT, THAT'S A BIG PIECE OF THE PUZZLE SOLVED. 03:05.486 --> 03:07.419 PUZZLE SOLVED. BUT THE CONGRESS ISN'T GOING TO 03:07.421 --> 03:09.288 BUT THE CONGRESS ISN'T GOING TO HAVE ANY MORE MONEY TO SUPPORT 03:09.290 --> 03:10.789 HAVE ANY MORE MONEY TO SUPPORT THESE INDIAN WATER SETTLEMENTS 03:10.791 --> 03:11.490 THESE INDIAN WATER SETTLEMENTS IN THE NEAR TERM, SO THAT'S A 03:11.492 --> 03:13.892 IN THE NEAR TERM, SO THAT'S A PROBLEM. 03:13.894 --> 03:15.194 PROBLEM. SECONDLY, THERE ARE SOME LEGAL 03:15.196 --> 03:16.261 SECONDLY, THERE ARE SOME LEGAL ISSUES THAT HAVE BECOME VERY, 03:16.263 --> 03:17.529 ISSUES THAT HAVE BECOME VERY, VERY DIFFICULT. 03:17.531 --> 03:21.300 VERY DIFFICULT. AND THIRD, THE STATE COURT THAT 03:21.302 --> 03:22.067 AND THIRD, THE STATE COURT THAT ADJUDICATES THESE WATER CLAIMS 03:22.069 --> 03:23.101 ADJUDICATES THESE WATER CLAIMS HAS THE ASSISTANCE OF THE 03:23.103 --> 03:25.170 HAS THE ASSISTANCE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AS 03:25.172 --> 03:26.638 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AS ITS TECHNICAL SUPPORT ENTITY. 03:26.640 --> 03:28.273 ITS TECHNICAL SUPPORT ENTITY. THEY BRING ALL THE DATA TO THE 03:28.275 --> 03:29.841 THEY BRING ALL THE DATA TO THE TABLE AND INTERPRET IT FOR THE 03:29.843 --> 03:30.142 TABLE AND INTERPRET IT FOR THE COURT. 03:30.144 --> 03:31.777 COURT. IF THEY'RE NOT ADEQUATELY FUNDED 03:31.779 --> 03:33.979 IF THEY'RE NOT ADEQUATELY FUNDED SO THAT THEY CAN PROVIDE THE 03:33.981 --> 03:36.415 SO THAT THEY CAN PROVIDE THE ANALYSIS THE COURT NEEDS, THEN 03:36.417 --> 03:38.083 ANALYSIS THE COURT NEEDS, THEN THE COURT COULD DECIDE THAT IT 03:38.085 --> 03:39.151 THE COURT COULD DECIDE THAT IT CANNOT USE THE ARIZONA COURT 03:39.153 --> 03:40.619 CANNOT USE THE ARIZONA COURT SYSTEM TO RESOLVE THESE THINGS 03:40.621 --> 03:41.920 SYSTEM TO RESOLVE THESE THINGS AND IT MAY TRY TO GO TO THE 03:41.922 --> 03:42.654 AND IT MAY TRY TO GO TO THE FEDERAL COURT, WHERE SOME OF THE 03:42.656 --> 03:44.623 FEDERAL COURT, WHERE SOME OF THE PARTIES WOULD RATHER BE. 03:44.625 --> 03:46.959 PARTIES WOULD RATHER BE. WELL, THAT WOULD UPSET AN ENTIRE 03:46.961 --> 03:48.894 WELL, THAT WOULD UPSET AN ENTIRE APPLE CART OF LAW THAT WE HAVE 03:48.896 --> 03:51.029 APPLE CART OF LAW THAT WE HAVE DEVELOPED OVER THE LAST SEVERAL 03:51.031 --> 03:52.998 DEVELOPED OVER THE LAST SEVERAL DECADES HERE, SO AMONG THE SHORT 03:53.000 --> 03:53.966 DECADES HERE, SO AMONG THE SHORT TERM PROBLEMS ARE JUST FUNDING 03:53.968 --> 03:55.267 TERM PROBLEMS ARE JUST FUNDING THE DEPARTMENT OF WATER 03:55.269 --> 03:56.868 THE DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES SO IT CAN PROVIDE THE 03:56.870 --> 03:59.238 RESOURCES SO IT CAN PROVIDE THE TECHNICAL EXPERTISE TO THE 03:59.240 --> 04:02.207 TECHNICAL EXPERTISE TO THE COURT, FIND A WAY TO CONTINUE TO 04:02.209 --> 04:04.710 COURT, FIND A WAY TO CONTINUE TO GET INDIAN WATER SETTLEMENTS 04:04.712 --> 04:06.578 GET INDIAN WATER SETTLEMENTS ACCOMPLISHED, FIND A WAY TO DEAL 04:06.580 --> 04:09.281 ACCOMPLISHED, FIND A WAY TO DEAL WITH PROBLEMS LIKE THE NAVAJO 04:09.283 --> 04:09.982 WITH PROBLEMS LIKE THE NAVAJO GENERATING STATION WHICH 04:09.984 --> 04:11.850 GENERATING STATION WHICH PROVIDES THE POWER BY WHICH 04:11.852 --> 04:14.253 PROVIDES THE POWER BY WHICH CENTRAL ARIZONA PROJECT WATER IS 04:14.255 --> 04:15.587 CENTRAL ARIZONA PROJECT WATER IS PUMPED AND DELIVERED AT A MUCH 04:15.589 --> 04:16.655 PUMPED AND DELIVERED AT A MUCH LESS EXPENSIVE RATE THAN WOULD 04:16.657 --> 04:20.525 LESS EXPENSIVE RATE THAN WOULD BE THE CASE OTHERWISE, A VARIETY 04:20.527 --> 04:22.294 BE THE CASE OTHERWISE, A VARIETY OF SHORT AND INTERMEDIATE RANGE 04:22.296 --> 04:23.295 OF SHORT AND INTERMEDIATE RANGE PROBLEMS LIKE THAT THAT REQUIRE 04:23.297 --> 04:23.862 PROBLEMS LIKE THAT THAT REQUIRE OUR ATTENTION. 04:23.864 --> 04:25.797 OUR ATTENTION. >> YOU TOUCHED ON A NUMBER OF 04:25.799 --> 04:27.299 >> YOU TOUCHED ON A NUMBER OF THINGS BUT ONE OF THE THINGS YOU 04:27.301 --> 04:29.735 THINGS BUT ONE OF THE THINGS YOU JUST MENTIONED WAS ARIZONA'S 04:29.737 --> 04:31.770 JUST MENTIONED WAS ARIZONA'S COURTS RESOLVING SOME OF THIS 04:31.772 --> 04:32.204 COURTS RESOLVING SOME OF THIS ADJUDICATION. 04:32.206 --> 04:33.405 ADJUDICATION. ARIZONA IS IN A UNIQUE POSITION 04:33.407 --> 04:34.673 ARIZONA IS IN A UNIQUE POSITION THAT OUR STATE COURTS CAN DO 04:34.675 --> 04:34.973 THAT OUR STATE COURTS CAN DO THAT. 04:34.975 --> 04:35.874 THAT. WE DON'T HAVE TO GO TO CONGRESS 04:35.876 --> 04:36.608 WE DON'T HAVE TO GO TO CONGRESS OR THE FEDERAL COURTS FOR THIS. 04:36.610 --> 04:38.243 OR THE FEDERAL COURTS FOR THIS. >> THAT'S RIGHT. 04:38.245 --> 04:41.013 >> THAT'S RIGHT. AND WHEN THE SUPREME COURT MADE 04:41.015 --> 04:42.381 AND WHEN THE SUPREME COURT MADE ITS HISTORIC DECISION THAT THE 04:42.383 --> 04:44.449 ITS HISTORIC DECISION THAT THE ARIZONA COURT SYSTEM WAS THE 04:44.451 --> 04:45.384 ARIZONA COURT SYSTEM WAS THE PROPER PLACE FOR EVERYBODY, THE 04:45.386 --> 04:47.619 PROPER PLACE FOR EVERYBODY, THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, THE INDIAN 04:47.621 --> 04:48.854 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, THE INDIAN TRIBES, THE STATE CLAIMANTS, 04:48.856 --> 04:49.988 TRIBES, THE STATE CLAIMANTS, EVERYBODY ELSE, TO BE IN ONE 04:49.990 --> 04:55.294 EVERYBODY ELSE, TO BE IN ONE PLACE TO HAVE ALL OF THE CLAIMS 04:55.296 --> 04:57.629 PLACE TO HAVE ALL OF THE CLAIMS ASSERTED ONE AGAINST ANOTHER SO 04:57.631 --> 04:59.031 ASSERTED ONE AGAINST ANOTHER SO THAT WHEN A COURT FINALLY MAKES 04:59.033 --> 05:00.499 THAT WHEN A COURT FINALLY MAKES A DECISION AND SAYS HERE'S THE 05:00.501 --> 05:01.233 A DECISION AND SAYS HERE'S THE DECREE, YOU HAVE THE FIRST RIGHT 05:01.235 --> 05:02.467 DECREE, YOU HAVE THE FIRST RIGHT TO THIS MUCH WATER, YOU HAVE THE 05:02.469 --> 05:03.602 TO THIS MUCH WATER, YOU HAVE THE SECOND RIGHT TO THIS MUCH WATER 05:03.604 --> 05:05.604 SECOND RIGHT TO THIS MUCH WATER AND SO ON DOWN THE LINE, IT 05:05.606 --> 05:09.041 AND SO ON DOWN THE LINE, IT APPLIES TO EVERYBODY EQUALLY. 05:09.043 --> 05:10.475 APPLIES TO EVERYBODY EQUALLY. JUST IMAGINE THE SITUATION IF 05:10.477 --> 05:12.144 JUST IMAGINE THE SITUATION IF YOU HAD FEDERAL COURTS ISSUING 05:12.146 --> 05:14.046 YOU HAD FEDERAL COURTS ISSUING ONE DECREE AND THE STATE COURTS 05:14.048 --> 05:15.614 ONE DECREE AND THE STATE COURTS ISSUING A COMPETING DECREE. 05:15.616 --> 05:17.883 ISSUING A COMPETING DECREE. HOW DO YOU RESOLVE THAT? 05:17.885 --> 05:19.951 HOW DO YOU RESOLVE THAT? SO THE SUPREME COURT SAID GET 05:19.953 --> 05:21.386 SO THE SUPREME COURT SAID GET TOGETHER, ONE PLACE, STATE COURT 05:21.388 --> 05:23.789 TOGETHER, ONE PLACE, STATE COURT IS THE RIGHT PLACE BECAUSE THE 05:23.791 --> 05:25.490 IS THE RIGHT PLACE BECAUSE THE STATE CAN BE SUPPORTED BY THE 05:25.492 --> 05:27.893 STATE CAN BE SUPPORTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES 05:27.895 --> 05:29.428 DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND THE ARIZONA LAW THAT ENABLES 05:29.430 --> 05:32.064 AND THE ARIZONA LAW THAT ENABLES THAT SUPPORT. 05:32.066 --> 05:34.599 THAT SUPPORT. >> AS ARIZONA CONTINUES TO GROW, 05:34.601 --> 05:35.834 >> AS ARIZONA CONTINUES TO GROW, OBVIOUSLY YOU SAID WE CAN'T 05:35.836 --> 05:37.135 OBVIOUSLY YOU SAID WE CAN'T CONSERVE OUR WAY OUT OF THIS. 05:37.137 --> 05:39.104 CONSERVE OUR WAY OUT OF THIS. WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO TURN TO 05:39.106 --> 05:39.805 WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO TURN TO SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 05:39.807 --> 05:41.506 SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. IS THERE EVER GOING TO BE A 05:41.508 --> 05:42.874 IS THERE EVER GOING TO BE A POINT OR I GUESS MORE CORRECTLY, 05:42.876 --> 05:44.543 POINT OR I GUESS MORE CORRECTLY, THERE WILL BE A POINT WHERE 05:44.545 --> 05:45.977 THERE WILL BE A POINT WHERE ARIZONA'S GOING TO LOOK 05:45.979 --> 05:47.312 ARIZONA'S GOING TO LOOK DIFFERENT AS A RESULT OF WATER. 05:47.314 --> 05:48.080 DIFFERENT AS A RESULT OF WATER. WHAT DO YOU THINK ARIZONA WILL 05:48.082 --> 05:49.781 WHAT DO YOU THINK ARIZONA WILL LOOK LIKE IN THE FUTURE 05:49.783 --> 05:50.248 LOOK LIKE IN THE FUTURE REGARDING WATER? 05:50.250 --> 05:50.949 REGARDING WATER? >> IT'S ALREADY LOOKING A LOT 05:50.951 --> 05:52.851 >> IT'S ALREADY LOOKING A LOT DIFFERENT. 05:52.853 --> 05:54.519 DIFFERENT. A LOT OF WATER THAT HAD BEEN 05:54.521 --> 05:56.188 A LOT OF WATER THAT HAD BEEN USED FOR AGRICULTURE IS NOW 05:56.190 --> 05:57.222 USED FOR AGRICULTURE IS NOW BEING USED FOR DOMESTIC AND 05:57.224 --> 06:02.260 BEING USED FOR DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL USE. 06:02.262 --> 06:05.364 INDUSTRIAL USE. WATER -- AGRICULTURE CONSUMES A 06:05.366 --> 06:07.132 WATER -- AGRICULTURE CONSUMES A LOT OF WATER AND SO THAT'S ONE 06:07.134 --> 06:07.966 LOT OF WATER AND SO THAT'S ONE WAY THE STATE LOOKS DIFFERENT 06:07.968 --> 06:08.667 WAY THE STATE LOOKS DIFFERENT NOW THAN IT DID LET'S SAY 30 06:08.669 --> 06:10.535 NOW THAN IT DID LET'S SAY 30 YEARS AGO. 06:10.537 --> 06:11.803 YEARS AGO. WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO MAKE SOME 06:11.805 --> 06:12.537 WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO MAKE SOME TOUGH DECISIONS. 06:12.539 --> 06:14.206 TOUGH DECISIONS. DO WE WANT PHOENIX, FOR EXAMPLE, 06:14.208 --> 06:16.641 DO WE WANT PHOENIX, FOR EXAMPLE, TO LOOK A LOT LIKE THE MORE 06:16.643 --> 06:18.276 TO LOOK A LOT LIKE THE MORE DESERT ORIENTED COMMUNITY OF 06:18.278 --> 06:18.610 DESERT ORIENTED COMMUNITY OF TUCSON. 06:18.612 --> 06:20.545 TUCSON. THEY DON'T USE AS MUCH WATER PER 06:20.547 --> 06:23.014 THEY DON'T USE AS MUCH WATER PER CAPITA AS WE DO IN PHOENIX, BUT 06:23.016 --> 06:25.417 CAPITA AS WE DO IN PHOENIX, BUT A LOT OF THE WEALTH THAT IS 06:25.419 --> 06:28.186 A LOT OF THE WEALTH THAT IS GENERATED FOR THE STATE COMES AS 06:28.188 --> 06:30.489 GENERATED FOR THE STATE COMES AS A RESULT OF THE ENVIRONMENT THAT 06:30.491 --> 06:32.090 A RESULT OF THE ENVIRONMENT THAT WE HAVE HERE IN THE SALT RIVER 06:32.092 --> 06:34.192 WE HAVE HERE IN THE SALT RIVER VALLEY WITH ALL THE RESORTS AND 06:34.194 --> 06:35.394 VALLEY WITH ALL THE RESORTS AND GOLF COURSES AND THE OTHER 06:35.396 --> 06:36.628 GOLF COURSES AND THE OTHER THINGS THAT MAKE OUR COMMUNITY 06:36.630 --> 06:37.028 THINGS THAT MAKE OUR COMMUNITY HERE UNIQUE. 06:37.030 --> 06:39.498 HERE UNIQUE. SO THERE'S A TRADE-OFF THERE. 06:39.500 --> 06:41.500 SO THERE'S A TRADE-OFF THERE. THERE'S ALSO A TRADE-OFF IN 06:41.502 --> 06:43.268 THERE'S ALSO A TRADE-OFF IN TERMS OF PLANTS THAT USE A LOT 06:43.270 --> 06:46.138 TERMS OF PLANTS THAT USE A LOT OF WATER ALSO REDUCE THE HEAT. 06:46.140 --> 06:47.005 OF WATER ALSO REDUCE THE HEAT. THE HEAT SINK EFFECT. 06:47.007 --> 06:48.507 THE HEAT SINK EFFECT. SO WE'LL HAVE TO HAVE ALL OF 06:48.509 --> 06:50.876 SO WE'LL HAVE TO HAVE ALL OF THOSE DEBATES AND WHAT I'M 06:50.878 --> 06:54.346 THOSE DEBATES AND WHAT I'M HOPING IS THAT WE WILL DO THAT 06:54.348 --> 06:56.248 HOPING IS THAT WE WILL DO THAT IN A WAY THAT DEVELOPS CONSENSUS 06:56.250 --> 06:57.582 IN A WAY THAT DEVELOPS CONSENSUS AND DOESN'T HAVE A LOT OF 06:57.584 --> 06:59.050 AND DOESN'T HAVE A LOT OF CONFLICT IN THE MEANTIME. 06:59.052 --> 07:01.987 CONFLICT IN THE MEANTIME. >> YOU MENTIONED ENVIRONMENT AND 07:01.989 --> 07:03.822 >> YOU MENTIONED ENVIRONMENT AND SOME PEOPLE MIGHT NOT SEE 07:03.824 --> 07:04.556 SOME PEOPLE MIGHT NOT SEE ENVIRONMENT I DON'T WANT TO SAY 07:04.558 --> 07:05.857 ENVIRONMENT I DON'T WANT TO SAY IN CONFLICT BUT THAT'S PROBABLY 07:05.859 --> 07:08.760 IN CONFLICT BUT THAT'S PROBABLY THE EASIEST WAY TO SAY IT, WITH 07:08.762 --> 07:14.199 THE EASIEST WAY TO SAY IT, WITH WATER, BUT THE NAVAJO GENERATING 07:14.201 --> 07:15.901 WATER, BUT THE NAVAJO GENERATING CENTER, WE HAVE AN ARGUMENT THAT 07:15.903 --> 07:17.803 CENTER, WE HAVE AN ARGUMENT THAT DOES BOIL DOWN TO -- 07:17.805 --> 07:19.971 DOES BOIL DOWN TO -- >> THEY ARE TWO ISSUES, AIR 07:19.973 --> 07:20.772 >> THEY ARE TWO ISSUES, AIR VERSUS WATER. 07:20.774 --> 07:23.041 VERSUS WATER. THE NAVAJO GENERATING STATION IS 07:23.043 --> 07:25.277 THE NAVAJO GENERATING STATION IS BEING ASKED BY THE EPA AND ASKED 07:25.279 --> 07:26.912 BEING ASKED BY THE EPA AND ASKED AS A EUPHEMISM, THEY ORDER YOU 07:26.914 --> 07:30.115 AS A EUPHEMISM, THEY ORDER YOU TO REDUCE YOUR POLLUTION AND IN 07:30.117 --> 07:31.216 TO REDUCE YOUR POLLUTION AND IN ORDER TO DO THAT, YOU HAVE TO 07:31.218 --> 07:33.118 ORDER TO DO THAT, YOU HAVE TO SPEND OVER $1 BILLION TO PUT NEW 07:33.120 --> 07:34.486 SPEND OVER $1 BILLION TO PUT NEW POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT ON A 07:34.488 --> 07:36.154 POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT ON A PLANT THAT, WELL, THE OWNERS 07:36.156 --> 07:37.155 PLANT THAT, WELL, THE OWNERS HAVE TO DECIDE HOW MUCH MORE 07:37.157 --> 07:38.290 HAVE TO DECIDE HOW MUCH MORE THEY'RE WILLING TO PUT INTO THE 07:38.292 --> 07:39.157 THEY'RE WILLING TO PUT INTO THE PLANT TO KEEP IT OPERATING IN 07:39.159 --> 07:41.092 PLANT TO KEEP IT OPERATING IN THE LONG TERM. 07:41.094 --> 07:43.762 THE LONG TERM. THE BUREAU OF RECLAMATION U.S. 07:43.764 --> 07:46.064 THE BUREAU OF RECLAMATION U.S. GOVERNMENT OWNS 30% OF THAT 07:46.066 --> 07:49.534 GOVERNMENT OWNS 30% OF THAT PLANT, AND THAT POWER IS WHAT'S 07:49.536 --> 07:51.069 PLANT, AND THAT POWER IS WHAT'S USED TO PUMP C.A.P. WATER OUT OF 07:51.071 --> 07:52.137 USED TO PUMP C.A.P. WATER OUT OF THE COLORADO RIVER ALL THE WAY 07:52.139 --> 07:52.938 THE COLORADO RIVER ALL THE WAY TO PHOENIX AND FURTHER UPHILL TO 07:52.940 --> 07:57.242 TO PHOENIX AND FURTHER UPHILL TO TUCSON. 07:57.244 --> 08:00.045 TUCSON. IT WOULD COST USERS AN ENORMOUS 08:00.047 --> 08:01.513 IT WOULD COST USERS AN ENORMOUS SUM OF MONEY IF WE DIDN'T HAVE 08:01.515 --> 08:04.449 SUM OF MONEY IF WE DIDN'T HAVE THE RELATIVELY CHEAP HYDROPOWER 08:04.451 --> 08:05.851 THE RELATIVELY CHEAP HYDROPOWER COMING OUT OF GLEN CANYON DAM TO 08:05.853 --> 08:06.284 COMING OUT OF GLEN CANYON DAM TO DO THAT. 08:06.286 --> 08:09.087 DO THAT. SO THERE'S A CASE WHERE 08:09.089 --> 08:13.525 SO THERE'S A CASE WHERE ALLEGEDLY PROTECTING THE AIR 08:13.527 --> 08:14.893 ALLEGEDLY PROTECTING THE AIR QUALITY AROUND PAGE, ARIZONA IS 08:14.895 --> 08:17.295 QUALITY AROUND PAGE, ARIZONA IS A REASON TO REQUIRE SACRIFICE OF 08:17.297 --> 08:18.330 A REASON TO REQUIRE SACRIFICE OF EVERYONE ELSE WITH RESPECT TO 08:18.332 --> 08:19.931 EVERYONE ELSE WITH RESPECT TO THE COST OF WATER. 08:19.933 --> 08:21.766 THE COST OF WATER. WITH REGARD TO WATER ITSELF, THE 08:21.768 --> 08:23.235 WITH REGARD TO WATER ITSELF, THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS BEGINNING 08:23.237 --> 08:27.672 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS BEGINNING TO ASSERT WHAT IT CALLS RESERVED 08:27.674 --> 08:29.808 TO ASSERT WHAT IT CALLS RESERVED WATER RIGHT CLAIMS TO WATER IN 08:29.810 --> 08:33.411 WATER RIGHT CLAIMS TO WATER IN WATER COURSES, IN STREAMS, IN 08:33.413 --> 08:36.147 WATER COURSES, IN STREAMS, IN RIVERS, TO SUPPORT THE FLORA AND 08:36.149 --> 08:37.649 RIVERS, TO SUPPORT THE FLORA AND FAUNA AS PART OF THAT WATERSHED, 08:37.651 --> 08:41.386 FAUNA AS PART OF THAT WATERSHED, THE FISH, TURTLES, FROGS, REEDS 08:41.388 --> 08:42.821 THE FISH, TURTLES, FROGS, REEDS ALONG THE SIDE OF THE BANKS, THE 08:42.823 --> 08:43.922 ALONG THE SIDE OF THE BANKS, THE BIRDS THAT LIVE IN THERE AND THE 08:43.924 --> 08:44.990 BIRDS THAT LIVE IN THERE AND THE REST OF IT. 08:44.992 --> 08:46.658 REST OF IT. IF YOU CREATE A WILDERNESS AREA, 08:46.660 --> 08:47.893 IF YOU CREATE A WILDERNESS AREA, THE ASSUMPTION IS THAT YOU'RE 08:47.895 --> 08:48.994 THE ASSUMPTION IS THAT YOU'RE GOING TO SAVE ENOUGH WATER TO 08:48.996 --> 08:50.629 GOING TO SAVE ENOUGH WATER TO KEEP THAT WILDERNESS AREA GOING. 08:50.631 --> 08:51.363 KEEP THAT WILDERNESS AREA GOING. WELL, THAT MEANS THE WATER HAS 08:51.365 --> 08:54.666 WELL, THAT MEANS THE WATER HAS TO FLOW DOWN THE RIVER. 08:54.668 --> 08:57.602 TO FLOW DOWN THE RIVER. YOU, LET'S SAY A FARMER, CAN'T 08:57.604 --> 08:59.571 YOU, LET'S SAY A FARMER, CAN'T TAKE WATER OUT UPSTREAM, DIVERT 08:59.573 --> 09:01.540 TAKE WATER OUT UPSTREAM, DIVERT IT FOR IRRIGATING YOUR FARM, 09:01.542 --> 09:02.874 IT FOR IRRIGATING YOUR FARM, BECAUSE THAT WATER HAS TO STAY 09:02.876 --> 09:05.277 BECAUSE THAT WATER HAS TO STAY IN THE RIVER ALL THE WAY DOWN TO 09:05.279 --> 09:06.545 IN THE RIVER ALL THE WAY DOWN TO WHEREVER IT EVENTUALLY FLOWS. 09:06.547 --> 09:08.046 WHEREVER IT EVENTUALLY FLOWS. THOSE ARE ISSUES THAT HAVE TO BE 09:08.048 --> 09:08.413 THOSE ARE ISSUES THAT HAVE TO BE RESOLVED. 09:08.415 --> 09:09.781 RESOLVED. THEY ARE LEGAL ISSUES, THEY ARE 09:09.783 --> 09:11.016 THEY ARE LEGAL ISSUES, THEY ARE POLITICAL ISSUES, AND IT'S GOING 09:11.018 --> 09:12.017 POLITICAL ISSUES, AND IT'S GOING TO TAKE A LOT OF WORK. 09:12.019 --> 09:14.152 TO TAKE A LOT OF WORK. THOSE ARE SOME OF THE SHORT AND 09:14.154 --> 09:16.121 THOSE ARE SOME OF THE SHORT AND INTERMEDIATE TERM ISSUES THAT I 09:16.123 --> 09:18.757 INTERMEDIATE TERM ISSUES THAT I SPOKE OF THAT HAVE TO BE 09:18.759 --> 09:20.258 SPOKE OF THAT HAVE TO BE RESOLVED SO THAT WE WILL IN 09:20.260 --> 09:21.092 RESOLVED SO THAT WE WILL IN EFFECT KNOW HOW MUCH WE WILL 09:21.094 --> 09:22.527 EFFECT KNOW HOW MUCH WE WILL NEED TO AUGMENT OUR SUPPLY ON 09:22.529 --> 09:23.528 NEED TO AUGMENT OUR SUPPLY ON DOWN THE ROAD. 09:23.530 --> 09:25.030 DOWN THE ROAD. >> IT DOESN'T SOUND LIKE ANY OF 09:25.032 --> 09:27.699 >> IT DOESN'T SOUND LIKE ANY OF THE SHORT INTERMEDIATE OR LONG 09:27.701 --> 09:31.937 THE SHORT INTERMEDIATE OR LONG TERM ISSUES ARE WHAT IS KNOWN AS 09:31.939 --> 09:32.437 TERM ISSUES ARE WHAT IS KNOWN AS LOW-HANGING FRUIT. 09:32.439 --> 09:33.538 LOW-HANGING FRUIT. ALL THAT SEEMS TO HAVE BEEN 09:33.540 --> 09:33.872 ALL THAT SEEMS TO HAVE BEEN PICKED. 09:33.874 --> 09:34.205 PICKED. >> YES. 09:34.207 --> 09:36.274 >> YES. AS WE DISCUSSED TODAY, THE 09:36.276 --> 09:37.008 AS WE DISCUSSED TODAY, THE DECISIONS THAT HAVE TO BE MADE 09:37.010 --> 09:37.943 DECISIONS THAT HAVE TO BE MADE IN THE FUTURE ARE GOING TO BE 09:37.945 --> 09:40.345 IN THE FUTURE ARE GOING TO BE TOUGH DECISIONS. 09:40.347 --> 09:43.014 TOUGH DECISIONS. THERE MAY HAVE TO BE TRADE-OFFS 09:43.016 --> 09:44.816 THERE MAY HAVE TO BE TRADE-OFFS AMONG WATER USERS, AMONG AREAS 09:44.818 --> 09:45.283 AMONG WATER USERS, AMONG AREAS OF THE STATE. 09:45.285 --> 09:47.185 OF THE STATE. THERE MAY BE SOME PRETTY BIG 09:47.187 --> 09:48.086 THERE MAY BE SOME PRETTY BIG COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH THIS. 09:48.088 --> 09:51.723 COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH THIS. BUT HERE'S THE GOOD NEWS. 09:51.725 --> 09:53.258 BUT HERE'S THE GOOD NEWS. ARIZONA HAS ALWAYS MANAGED TO BE 09:53.260 --> 09:55.093 ARIZONA HAS ALWAYS MANAGED TO BE AHEAD OF EVERYONE ELSE IN TERMS 09:55.095 --> 09:56.261 AHEAD OF EVERYONE ELSE IN TERMS OF ITS WATER AVAILABILITY 09:56.263 --> 09:58.296 OF ITS WATER AVAILABILITY BECAUSE WE HAVE LEADERS WITH 09:58.298 --> 10:00.332 BECAUSE WE HAVE LEADERS WITH FORESIGHT TO LOBBY FOR THE 10:00.334 --> 10:01.032 FORESIGHT TO LOBBY FOR THE RECLAMATION ACTS CREATION AND 10:01.034 --> 10:02.300 RECLAMATION ACTS CREATION AND THE CREATION OF THE SALT RIVER 10:02.302 --> 10:03.568 THE CREATION OF THE SALT RIVER PROJECT, TO LOBBY FOR THE 10:03.570 --> 10:04.636 PROJECT, TO LOBBY FOR THE CENTRAL ARIZONA PROJECT AND THE 10:04.638 --> 10:05.670 CENTRAL ARIZONA PROJECT AND THE FUNDING THAT CAN BEGIN TO 10:05.672 --> 10:07.572 FUNDING THAT CAN BEGIN TO DELIVER OUR SHARE OF COLORADO 10:07.574 --> 10:09.441 DELIVER OUR SHARE OF COLORADO RIVER WATER TO ARIZONA, THE 10:09.443 --> 10:10.475 RIVER WATER TO ARIZONA, THE FORESIGHT TO DEVELOP THE GROUND 10:10.477 --> 10:11.843 FORESIGHT TO DEVELOP THE GROUND WATER MANAGEMENT ACT TO BEGIN 10:11.845 --> 10:12.577 WATER MANAGEMENT ACT TO BEGIN CONSERVING OUR GROUND WATER AND 10:12.579 --> 10:15.180 CONSERVING OUR GROUND WATER AND USING IT SENSIBLY AND SO ON. 10:15.182 --> 10:16.314 USING IT SENSIBLY AND SO ON. THIS ISN'T A SITUATION WHERE 10:16.316 --> 10:17.382 THIS ISN'T A SITUATION WHERE ARIZONA FACES A CRISIS. 10:17.384 --> 10:18.116 ARIZONA FACES A CRISIS. WE'RE IN BETTER SHAPE THAN MOST 10:18.118 --> 10:19.651 WE'RE IN BETTER SHAPE THAN MOST PLACES. 10:19.653 --> 10:21.419 PLACES. WHAT WE HAVE TO DO IS FOLLOW THE 10:21.421 --> 10:23.655 WHAT WE HAVE TO DO IS FOLLOW THE SAME HISTORIC MODEL THAT 10:23.657 --> 10:25.056 SAME HISTORIC MODEL THAT ARIZONANS DID IN THE PAST, 10:25.058 --> 10:26.558 ARIZONANS DID IN THE PAST, ANTICIPATE WAY OUT INTO THE 10:26.560 --> 10:28.193 ANTICIPATE WAY OUT INTO THE FUTURE A PROBLEM, GET TOGETHER 10:28.195 --> 10:29.060 FUTURE A PROBLEM, GET TOGETHER AND SOLVE THE PROBLEM SO THAT 10:29.062 --> 10:31.096 AND SOLVE THE PROBLEM SO THAT IT'S NEVER A CRISIS. 10:31.098 --> 10:32.764 IT'S NEVER A CRISIS. AND BY WORKING AT IT EARLY ON 10:32.766 --> 10:34.532 AND BY WORKING AT IT EARLY ON HERE, I THINK WE CAN AVOID THAT 10:34.534 --> 10:35.266 HERE, I THINK WE CAN AVOID THAT AND WE CAN CONTINUE TO SAY TO 10:35.268 --> 10:36.768 AND WE CAN CONTINUE TO SAY TO THE REST OF THE COUNTRY, HEY, 10:36.770 --> 10:38.103 THE REST OF THE COUNTRY, HEY, COME OUT TO ARIZONA, WE'RE GOING 10:38.105 --> 10:39.537 COME OUT TO ARIZONA, WE'RE GOING TO HAVE A WONDERFUL ENVIRONMENT 10:39.539 --> 10:42.374 TO HAVE A WONDERFUL ENVIRONMENT FOR YOU, PLENTY OF WATER TO 10:42.376 --> 10:42.674 FOR YOU, PLENTY OF WATER TO BOOT. 10:42.676 --> 10:43.241 BOOT. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. 10:43.243 --> 10:43.675 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH. >> THANK YOU. 10:43.677 --> 10:44.643 >> THANK YOU. YOU BET. 10:44.645 --> 10:45.877 YOU BET. >> FOR ANOTHER POINT OF VIEW ON 10:45.879 --> 10:47.479 >> FOR ANOTHER POINT OF VIEW ON THE STATE'S WATER PICTURE, 10:47.481 --> 10:48.847 THE STATE'S WATER PICTURE, CHRISTOPHER CONOVER SPOKE WITH 10:48.849 --> 10:51.349 CHRISTOPHER CONOVER SPOKE WITH UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA LAW 10:51.351 --> 10:52.117 UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA LAW PROFESSOR AND WATER LAW EXPERT, 10:52.119 --> 10:56.955 PROFESSOR AND WATER LAW EXPERT, ROBERT GLENNON. 10:56.957 --> 10:58.390 ROBERT GLENNON. >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR SITTING 10:58.392 --> 10:59.090 >> THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR SITTING DOWN WITH US. 10:59.092 --> 11:00.592 DOWN WITH US. WE HEARD FROM SENATOR KYL ABOUT 11:00.594 --> 11:03.695 WE HEARD FROM SENATOR KYL ABOUT SOME OF THE WATER ISSUES IN THE 11:03.697 --> 11:06.264 SOME OF THE WATER ISSUES IN THE STATE, AND THE BIG TAKE-AWAY IT 11:06.266 --> 11:08.466 STATE, AND THE BIG TAKE-AWAY IT SEEMS FOR EVERYBODY THAT WE'VE 11:08.468 --> 11:10.468 SEEMS FOR EVERYBODY THAT WE'VE TALKED TO ABOUT WATER IS NOBODY 11:10.470 --> 11:12.070 TALKED TO ABOUT WATER IS NOBODY DISAGREES WE'RE GOING TO RUN OUT 11:12.072 --> 11:14.406 DISAGREES WE'RE GOING TO RUN OUT OF WATER IF NOTHING CHANGES. 11:14.408 --> 11:15.740 OF WATER IF NOTHING CHANGES. BUT CONSERVATION ISN'T GOING TO 11:15.742 --> 11:17.142 BUT CONSERVATION ISN'T GOING TO GET US OUT OF THIS. 11:17.144 --> 11:18.610 GET US OUT OF THIS. WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO LOOK TO 11:18.612 --> 11:19.878 WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO LOOK TO SCIENCE OR SOME OTHER METHOD TO 11:19.880 --> 11:20.278 SCIENCE OR SOME OTHER METHOD TO SAVE US. 11:20.280 --> 11:20.979 SAVE US. NOT SURE YOU SEE IT QUITE THE 11:20.981 --> 11:24.182 NOT SURE YOU SEE IT QUITE THE SAME WAY. 11:24.184 --> 11:26.217 SAME WAY. >> I THINK IT MAY DEPEND ON WHAT 11:26.219 --> 11:27.786 >> I THINK IT MAY DEPEND ON WHAT WE MEAN BY CONSERVATION, BECAUSE 11:27.788 --> 11:29.487 WE MEAN BY CONSERVATION, BECAUSE THE BUREAU OF RECLAMATION ISSUED 11:29.489 --> 11:32.123 THE BUREAU OF RECLAMATION ISSUED A STUDY LAST YEAR THAT SAID THAT 11:32.125 --> 11:33.525 A STUDY LAST YEAR THAT SAID THAT CONSERVATION IS, IN FACT, ONE OF 11:33.527 --> 11:35.527 CONSERVATION IS, IN FACT, ONE OF THE BEST WAYS GOING FORWARD. 11:35.529 --> 11:37.595 THE BEST WAYS GOING FORWARD. WHAT WON'T WORK IS THE OLD WAY 11:37.597 --> 11:40.965 WHAT WON'T WORK IS THE OLD WAY OF DOING THINGS, MASSIVE 11:40.967 --> 11:43.334 OF DOING THINGS, MASSIVE PIPELINES, BIZARRE IDEAS TO TOW 11:43.336 --> 11:45.904 PIPELINES, BIZARRE IDEAS TO TOW ICEBERGS FROM THE ARCTIC, TAP 11:45.906 --> 11:46.838 ICEBERGS FROM THE ARCTIC, TAP INTO THE MISSOURI RIVER. 11:46.840 --> 11:49.708 INTO THE MISSOURI RIVER. THOSE THINGS ARE NOT FEASIBLE, 11:49.710 --> 11:51.976 THOSE THINGS ARE NOT FEASIBLE, SAID THE BUREAU, BUT WHAT IS 11:51.978 --> 11:55.747 SAID THE BUREAU, BUT WHAT IS FEASIBLE IS CONSERVATION, REUSE, 11:55.749 --> 12:00.351 FEASIBLE IS CONSERVATION, REUSE, MAYBE SOME DESAL OF BRACKISH 12:00.353 --> 12:01.152 MAYBE SOME DESAL OF BRACKISH WATER. 12:01.154 --> 12:02.220 WATER. CONSERVATION'S A BIG PART. 12:02.222 --> 12:04.022 CONSERVATION'S A BIG PART. IT'S NOT GOING TO WORK SIMPLY IF 12:04.024 --> 12:06.257 IT'S NOT GOING TO WORK SIMPLY IF YOU AND I OR A FEW NEW PEOPLE 12:06.259 --> 12:07.792 YOU AND I OR A FEW NEW PEOPLE JOIN US IN NOT LEAVING THE WATER 12:07.794 --> 12:09.527 JOIN US IN NOT LEAVING THE WATER RUNNING WHILE THEY BRUSH THEIR 12:09.529 --> 12:09.928 RUNNING WHILE THEY BRUSH THEIR TEETH. 12:09.930 --> 12:11.663 TEETH. THAT'S A TRIVIAL AMOUNT. 12:11.665 --> 12:12.330 THAT'S A TRIVIAL AMOUNT. IT'S A SYMBOLIC AMOUNT BUT 12:12.332 --> 12:14.833 IT'S A SYMBOLIC AMOUNT BUT TRIVIAL. 12:14.835 --> 12:17.335 TRIVIAL. BUT A LOT OF FARMING STILL IS 12:17.337 --> 12:19.971 BUT A LOT OF FARMING STILL IS PRETTY INEFFICIENT AND IF 12:19.973 --> 12:22.340 PRETTY INEFFICIENT AND IF FARMERS WERE TO BECOME MORE 12:22.342 --> 12:24.375 FARMERS WERE TO BECOME MORE EFFICIENT, THAT WOULD FREE UP A 12:24.377 --> 12:25.510 EFFICIENT, THAT WOULD FREE UP A LOT OF NEW WATER. 12:25.512 --> 12:27.212 LOT OF NEW WATER. NOW, THE PEOPLE WHO WANT THAT 12:27.214 --> 12:27.946 NOW, THE PEOPLE WHO WANT THAT WATER OF COURSE ARE THE CITIES. 12:27.948 --> 12:29.981 WATER OF COURSE ARE THE CITIES. THAT'S THE GROWTH. 12:29.983 --> 12:32.517 THAT'S THE GROWTH. AND SO IT SEEMS SIMPLE ENOUGH TO 12:32.519 --> 12:34.319 AND SO IT SEEMS SIMPLE ENOUGH TO SAY TO THE CITIES PUT SOME MONEY 12:34.321 --> 12:37.021 SAY TO THE CITIES PUT SOME MONEY ON THE TABLE, PAY FARMERS TO 12:37.023 --> 12:39.057 ON THE TABLE, PAY FARMERS TO MOVE FROM FLOOD IRRIGATION TO A 12:39.059 --> 12:40.859 MOVE FROM FLOOD IRRIGATION TO A CENTER PIVOT OR FROM A CENTER 12:40.861 --> 12:44.395 CENTER PIVOT OR FROM A CENTER PIVOT TO DRIP OR MICRO, REALLY 12:44.397 --> 12:45.029 PIVOT TO DRIP OR MICRO, REALLY EFFICIENT SYSTEMS. 12:45.031 --> 12:47.766 EFFICIENT SYSTEMS. THEY WILL USE LESS WATER, GROW 12:47.768 --> 12:49.400 THEY WILL USE LESS WATER, GROW THE SAME PRODUCT, BUT THE CITIES 12:49.402 --> 12:51.236 THE SAME PRODUCT, BUT THE CITIES AND INDUSTRY WILL GET THE EXTRA 12:51.238 --> 12:52.237 AND INDUSTRY WILL GET THE EXTRA WORK THAT'S SAVED. 12:52.239 --> 12:53.638 WORK THAT'S SAVED. THAT'S CONSERVATION OF THE BEST 12:53.640 --> 12:54.038 THAT'S CONSERVATION OF THE BEST SORT. 12:54.040 --> 12:56.975 SORT. >> MY UNDERSTANDING IS THE VAST 12:56.977 --> 12:58.409 >> MY UNDERSTANDING IS THE VAST MAJORITY OF OUR WATER, OUR 12:58.411 --> 12:59.711 MAJORITY OF OUR WATER, OUR C.A.P. WATER, ACTUALLY GOES TO 12:59.713 --> 13:00.111 C.A.P. WATER, ACTUALLY GOES TO AGRICULTURE. 13:00.113 --> 13:01.913 AGRICULTURE. VERY LITTLE OF IT COMES TO YOUR 13:01.915 --> 13:04.182 VERY LITTLE OF IT COMES TO YOUR HOUSE, MY HOUSE, OUR VIEWERS' 13:04.184 --> 13:04.482 HOUSE, MY HOUSE, OUR VIEWERS' HOUSE. 13:04.484 --> 13:05.850 HOUSE. SO LITTLE CHANGE IN AGRICULTURE 13:05.852 --> 13:07.619 SO LITTLE CHANGE IN AGRICULTURE WOULD HAVE A BIG DIFFERENCE FOR 13:07.621 --> 13:07.886 WOULD HAVE A BIG DIFFERENCE FOR US. 13:07.888 --> 13:10.121 US. >> WELL, STATE-WIDE, IF YOU 13:10.123 --> 13:11.723 >> WELL, STATE-WIDE, IF YOU THINK ABOUT GROUND WATER AND 13:11.725 --> 13:13.591 THINK ABOUT GROUND WATER AND SALT RIVER AS A SYSTEM, FARMERS 13:13.593 --> 13:15.593 SALT RIVER AS A SYSTEM, FARMERS USE ABOUT 70% OF THE WATER. 13:15.595 --> 13:17.829 USE ABOUT 70% OF THE WATER. SO IF WE COULD GET FARMERS FROM 13:17.831 --> 13:20.365 SO IF WE COULD GET FARMERS FROM 70% TO 60%, THAT WOULD ALMOST 13:20.367 --> 13:22.567 70% TO 60%, THAT WOULD ALMOST DOUBLE THE SUPPLY FOR CITIES. 13:22.569 --> 13:24.269 DOUBLE THE SUPPLY FOR CITIES. SO IT'S A TREMENDOUS 13:24.271 --> 13:24.669 SO IT'S A TREMENDOUS OPPORTUNITY. 13:24.671 --> 13:26.571 OPPORTUNITY. BUT THE PROBLEM IS, FARMERS 13:26.573 --> 13:28.640 BUT THE PROBLEM IS, FARMERS REALLY, MOST OF THEM, AREN'T IN 13:28.642 --> 13:29.808 REALLY, MOST OF THEM, AREN'T IN A POSITION FINANCIALLY TO BEAR 13:29.810 --> 13:33.611 A POSITION FINANCIALLY TO BEAR THE COSTS OF THIS INFRASTRUCTURE 13:33.613 --> 13:33.978 THE COSTS OF THIS INFRASTRUCTURE OVERHAUL. 13:33.980 --> 13:36.414 OVERHAUL. FOR THE CITIES, IT'S A ROUNDING 13:36.416 --> 13:36.714 FOR THE CITIES, IT'S A ROUNDING ERROR. 13:36.716 --> 13:39.284 ERROR. SO LET'S GET THE CITIES ON BOARD 13:39.286 --> 13:41.719 SO LET'S GET THE CITIES ON BOARD OF HELPING THE FARMERS MODERNIZE 13:41.721 --> 13:44.455 OF HELPING THE FARMERS MODERNIZE THEIR INFRASTRUCTURE, AND THEY 13:44.457 --> 13:45.657 THEIR INFRASTRUCTURE, AND THEY WILL GET THE WATER THAT'S SAVED 13:45.659 --> 13:48.760 WILL GET THE WATER THAT'S SAVED AND THE FARMERS STAY IN 13:48.762 --> 13:49.127 AND THE FARMERS STAY IN BUSINESS. 13:49.129 --> 13:50.361 BUSINESS. >> AGRICULTURE IS HUGE BUSINESS 13:50.363 --> 13:51.629 >> AGRICULTURE IS HUGE BUSINESS IN ARIZONA, ONE OF THE THINGS 13:51.631 --> 13:53.031 IN ARIZONA, ONE OF THE THINGS OUR ECONOMY RESTS ON, SO ANY 13:53.033 --> 13:54.532 OUR ECONOMY RESTS ON, SO ANY CHANGE COULD HAVE BIG 13:54.534 --> 13:55.400 CHANGE COULD HAVE BIG TRICKLE-DOWN EFFECTS BUT IT 13:55.402 --> 13:57.168 TRICKLE-DOWN EFFECTS BUT IT DOESN'T SOUND LIKE YOU ARE 13:57.170 --> 13:59.204 DOESN'T SOUND LIKE YOU ARE SAYING THAT'S IT, YOU KNOW, PUT 13:59.206 --> 14:00.572 SAYING THAT'S IT, YOU KNOW, PUT HOUSES OR SHOPPING MALLS IN ALL 14:00.574 --> 14:02.006 HOUSES OR SHOPPING MALLS IN ALL THE FIELDS, WE'RE OUT OF 14:02.008 --> 14:02.941 THE FIELDS, WE'RE OUT OF AGRICULTURE, JUST NEED TO DO 14:02.943 --> 14:03.708 AGRICULTURE, JUST NEED TO DO SOME MODIFICATION. 14:03.710 --> 14:04.909 SOME MODIFICATION. >> ACTUALLY, THE ROLE OF 14:04.911 --> 14:06.277 >> ACTUALLY, THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IS MUCH REDUCED FROM 14:06.279 --> 14:09.147 AGRICULTURE IS MUCH REDUCED FROM WHERE IT WAS WHEN WE HAD THE 14:09.149 --> 14:11.716 WHERE IT WAS WHEN WE HAD THE FOUR OR FIVE Cs THAT INCLUDED 14:11.718 --> 14:14.319 FOUR OR FIVE Cs THAT INCLUDED COTTON AND CITRUS. 14:14.321 --> 14:16.487 COTTON AND CITRUS. AGRICULTURE'S PROBABLY LESS THAN 14:16.489 --> 14:17.655 AGRICULTURE'S PROBABLY LESS THAN 1% OF GROSS STATE PRODUCT BUT 14:17.657 --> 14:18.923 1% OF GROSS STATE PRODUCT BUT STILL, IT'S AN IMPORTANT PART OF 14:18.925 --> 14:20.792 STILL, IT'S AN IMPORTANT PART OF WHO WE ARE AS A PEOPLE, AS A 14:20.794 --> 14:21.226 WHO WE ARE AS A PEOPLE, AS A CULTURE. 14:21.228 --> 14:22.327 CULTURE. MOREOVER, THE FARMERS HAVE 14:22.329 --> 14:24.028 MOREOVER, THE FARMERS HAVE RIGHTS TO THE WATER. 14:24.030 --> 14:24.729 RIGHTS TO THE WATER. IT'S THEIR WATER RIGHTS THAT 14:24.731 --> 14:27.632 IT'S THEIR WATER RIGHTS THAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT. 14:27.634 --> 14:29.868 WE'RE TALKING ABOUT. SO YOU NEED TO GIVE FARMERS AN 14:29.870 --> 14:31.269 SO YOU NEED TO GIVE FARMERS AN INCENTIVE IF YOU EXPECT THEM TO 14:31.271 --> 14:32.637 INCENTIVE IF YOU EXPECT THEM TO DO SOMETHING DIFFERENTLY. 14:32.639 --> 14:33.404 DO SOMETHING DIFFERENTLY. OTHERWISE, THEY WILL CONTINUE 14:33.406 --> 14:34.672 OTHERWISE, THEY WILL CONTINUE DOING WHAT THEY ARE DOING, WHICH 14:34.674 --> 14:36.875 DOING WHAT THEY ARE DOING, WHICH IS SOMETIMES NOT VERY EFFICIENT. 14:36.877 --> 14:38.443 IS SOMETIMES NOT VERY EFFICIENT. >> WHEN YOU TALK ABOUT WATER 14:38.445 --> 14:39.978 >> WHEN YOU TALK ABOUT WATER RIGHTS, ARIZONA'S A JUNIOR 14:39.980 --> 14:42.447 RIGHTS, ARIZONA'S A JUNIOR PARTNER ON THE COLORADO RIVER. 14:42.449 --> 14:44.549 PARTNER ON THE COLORADO RIVER. SOME PEOPLE HAVE SAID IT'S TIME 14:44.551 --> 14:47.752 SOME PEOPLE HAVE SAID IT'S TIME TO RELOOK AT THAT LEGISLATION, 14:47.754 --> 14:49.721 TO RELOOK AT THAT LEGISLATION, THAT BODY OF LAW REALISTICALLY. 14:49.723 --> 14:51.155 THAT BODY OF LAW REALISTICALLY. YOU ARE ALSO A LAW PROFESSOR. 14:51.157 --> 14:53.124 YOU ARE ALSO A LAW PROFESSOR. WHAT ARE THE CHANCES OF THAT 14:53.126 --> 14:56.394 WHAT ARE THE CHANCES OF THAT WATER LAW MASSIVELY EVER 14:56.396 --> 14:57.595 WATER LAW MASSIVELY EVER CHANGING ON RIGHTS OF THE 14:57.597 --> 14:57.962 CHANGING ON RIGHTS OF THE COLORADO? 14:57.964 --> 14:59.330 COLORADO? >> I'M PRETTY OPTIMISTIC ABOUT 14:59.332 --> 14:59.964 >> I'M PRETTY OPTIMISTIC ABOUT THAT, CHRISTOPHER. 14:59.966 --> 15:01.266 THAT, CHRISTOPHER. OVER THE LAST 20 YEARS, YOU'VE 15:01.268 --> 15:03.534 OVER THE LAST 20 YEARS, YOU'VE SEEN AN UNPRECEDENTED AMOUNT OF 15:03.536 --> 15:05.403 SEEN AN UNPRECEDENTED AMOUNT OF COOPERATION AND CONCILIATION 15:05.405 --> 15:07.071 COOPERATION AND CONCILIATION AMONG SEVEN BASIN STATES. 15:07.073 --> 15:08.606 AMONG SEVEN BASIN STATES. THEY DID SO IN AN IMPORTANT 15:08.608 --> 15:10.441 THEY DID SO IN AN IMPORTANT AGREEMENT IN 2007. 15:10.443 --> 15:13.044 AGREEMENT IN 2007. THEY DID SO JUST LAST YEAR IN 15:13.046 --> 15:15.380 THEY DID SO JUST LAST YEAR IN WHAT IS CALLED MINUTE 319, WHERE 15:15.382 --> 15:16.714 WHAT IS CALLED MINUTE 319, WHERE STATES ARE PUTTING FORWARD MONEY 15:16.716 --> 15:19.417 STATES ARE PUTTING FORWARD MONEY TO MODERNIZE INFRASTRUCTURE, TO 15:19.419 --> 15:21.019 TO MODERNIZE INFRASTRUCTURE, TO HELP WITH EFFICIENCY 15:21.021 --> 15:21.753 HELP WITH EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS, AND THEN GETTING 15:21.755 --> 15:24.789 IMPROVEMENTS, AND THEN GETTING SOME RIGHTS AS A RESULT OF THAT. 15:24.791 --> 15:26.958 SOME RIGHTS AS A RESULT OF THAT. THE BIG WILD CARD IN ALL OF THIS 15:26.960 --> 15:29.961 THE BIG WILD CARD IN ALL OF THIS IS CLIMATE CHANGE, AND OUR 15:29.963 --> 15:31.095 IS CLIMATE CHANGE, AND OUR RIGHTS TRADITIONALLY WERE SET UP 15:31.097 --> 15:32.664 RIGHTS TRADITIONALLY WERE SET UP ON A ZERO SUM GAME. 15:32.666 --> 15:34.332 ON A ZERO SUM GAME. IT'S MY RIGHT OR YOUR RIGHT. 15:34.334 --> 15:35.366 IT'S MY RIGHT OR YOUR RIGHT. IT'S NOT A SHARED RIGHT. 15:35.368 --> 15:37.568 IT'S NOT A SHARED RIGHT. BUT WHAT WE NEED TO BE BUILDING 15:37.570 --> 15:41.239 BUT WHAT WE NEED TO BE BUILDING IN IS RESILIENCY IN THE FORM OF 15:41.241 --> 15:44.008 IN IS RESILIENCY IN THE FORM OF RISK STRATEGIES THAT HELP US 15:44.010 --> 15:47.211 RISK STRATEGIES THAT HELP US WHEN THE DROUGHT PERSISTS. 15:47.213 --> 15:48.446 WHEN THE DROUGHT PERSISTS. SO FOR EXAMPLE, SOMETHING AS 15:48.448 --> 15:52.583 SO FOR EXAMPLE, SOMETHING AS SIMPLE AS A DRY YEAR OPTION, 15:52.585 --> 15:53.217 SIMPLE AS A DRY YEAR OPTION, WHERE THE CITY SAYS TO AN 15:53.219 --> 15:55.486 WHERE THE CITY SAYS TO AN ALFALFA FARMER, WE ARE IN TOUGH 15:55.488 --> 15:57.188 ALFALFA FARMER, WE ARE IN TOUGH SHAPE THIS YEAR, HOW ABOUT YOU 15:57.190 --> 15:58.756 SHAPE THIS YEAR, HOW ABOUT YOU FALLOW YOUR LAND, WE WILL PAY 15:58.758 --> 15:59.958 FALLOW YOUR LAND, WE WILL PAY YOU FOR WHAT YOU WOULD HAVE 15:59.960 --> 16:01.259 YOU FOR WHAT YOU WOULD HAVE GROWN BUT WE'LL TAKE THE WATER 16:01.261 --> 16:02.427 GROWN BUT WE'LL TAKE THE WATER THIS YEAR. 16:02.429 --> 16:03.294 THIS YEAR. THAT'S THE KIND OF STUFF, THE 16:03.296 --> 16:04.896 THAT'S THE KIND OF STUFF, THE OUT OF THE BOX THINKING THAT WE 16:04.898 --> 16:05.830 OUT OF THE BOX THINKING THAT WE NEED GOING FORWARD. 16:05.832 --> 16:07.999 NEED GOING FORWARD. >> HOW DO WE CHANGE OVERALL 16:08.001 --> 16:09.934 >> HOW DO WE CHANGE OVERALL THINKING, I GUESS EVERYBODY'S 16:09.936 --> 16:11.369 THINKING, I GUESS EVERYBODY'S THINKING, TUCSON A NUMBER OF 16:11.371 --> 16:12.637 THINKING, TUCSON A NUMBER OF YEARS AGO EMBARKED ON A PROGRAM 16:12.639 --> 16:14.172 YEARS AGO EMBARKED ON A PROGRAM TO GET PEOPLE TO PULL OUT THEIR 16:14.174 --> 16:15.807 TO GET PEOPLE TO PULL OUT THEIR LAWNS AND REALLY DO A LOT OF 16:15.809 --> 16:17.175 LAWNS AND REALLY DO A LOT OF CONSERVATION AROUND THE HOME 16:17.177 --> 16:18.142 CONSERVATION AROUND THE HOME WITH ZERO SCAPING. 16:18.144 --> 16:20.078 WITH ZERO SCAPING. WE LOOK UP AT PHOENIX AND THERE 16:20.080 --> 16:22.613 WE LOOK UP AT PHOENIX AND THERE ARE STILL PLENTY OF LAWNS, IT 16:22.615 --> 16:24.048 ARE STILL PLENTY OF LAWNS, IT HAS BEEN SAID WELL, PHOENIX 16:24.050 --> 16:25.316 HAS BEEN SAID WELL, PHOENIX NEEDS THAT, MORE TOURISTS GO 16:25.318 --> 16:26.250 NEEDS THAT, MORE TOURISTS GO THERE, THEY NEED THE WATER FOR 16:26.252 --> 16:27.919 THERE, THEY NEED THE WATER FOR THE GOLF COURSES AND THINGS LIKE 16:27.921 --> 16:28.987 THE GOLF COURSES AND THINGS LIKE THAT TO BRING PEOPLE IN. 16:28.989 --> 16:30.288 THAT TO BRING PEOPLE IN. HOW DO WE CHANGE THIS THINKING? 16:30.290 --> 16:34.025 HOW DO WE CHANGE THIS THINKING? >> SECESSION? 16:34.027 --> 16:36.661 >> SECESSION? THAT'S RIDICULOUS THAT THEY NEED 16:36.663 --> 16:37.729 THAT'S RIDICULOUS THAT THEY NEED IT FOR TOURISM. 16:37.731 --> 16:42.033 IT FOR TOURISM. GOLF COURSES HELP TOURISM, BUT 16:42.035 --> 16:44.435 GOLF COURSES HELP TOURISM, BUT LAS VEGAS HAS SPENT $200 MILLION 16:44.437 --> 16:46.204 LAS VEGAS HAS SPENT $200 MILLION RIPPING OUT LAWNS AND 40 MILLION 16:46.206 --> 16:48.306 RIPPING OUT LAWNS AND 40 MILLION PEOPLE A YEAR GO TO LAS VEGAS. 16:48.308 --> 16:50.641 PEOPLE A YEAR GO TO LAS VEGAS. SO YOU CAN HAVE A TOURIST MAGNET 16:50.643 --> 16:53.011 SO YOU CAN HAVE A TOURIST MAGNET WITHOUT WATER RUNNING DOWN THE 16:53.013 --> 16:53.344 WITHOUT WATER RUNNING DOWN THE STREET. 16:53.346 --> 16:55.046 STREET. YOU KNOW AS WELL AS I, 16:55.048 --> 16:56.381 YOU KNOW AS WELL AS I, CHRISTOPHER, WHENEVER YOU GO TO 16:56.383 --> 16:57.281 CHRISTOPHER, WHENEVER YOU GO TO PHOENIX, YOU SEE WATER RUNNING 16:57.283 --> 16:59.484 PHOENIX, YOU SEE WATER RUNNING DOWN THE STREET. 16:59.486 --> 17:01.152 DOWN THE STREET. YOU SEE LAWNS NOT WHERE KIDS ARE 17:01.154 --> 17:05.223 YOU SEE LAWNS NOT WHERE KIDS ARE PLAYING ON THE LAWNS, BUT LOS 17:05.225 --> 17:08.693 PLAYING ON THE LAWNS, BUT LOS ANGELES AS -- LAWNS AS A BUFFER 17:08.695 --> 17:10.128 ANGELES AS -- LAWNS AS A BUFFER A SIDEWALK OR A FENCE TO ANOTHER 17:10.130 --> 17:11.162 A SIDEWALK OR A FENCE TO ANOTHER FENCE, WHERE NO ONE CAN EVEN SEE 17:11.164 --> 17:11.863 FENCE, WHERE NO ONE CAN EVEN SEE THE LAWN. 17:11.865 --> 17:12.830 THE LAWN. WE CAN DO BETTER. 17:12.832 --> 17:15.633 WE CAN DO BETTER. >> LONG TERM, OBVIOUSLY THESE 17:15.635 --> 17:18.002 >> LONG TERM, OBVIOUSLY THESE ARE DIFFICULT DECISIONS TO MAKE. 17:18.004 --> 17:19.370 ARE DIFFICULT DECISIONS TO MAKE. IT'S EASY FOR US TO SIT HERE AND 17:19.372 --> 17:20.438 IT'S EASY FOR US TO SIT HERE AND SAY THIS IS WHAT NEEDS TO BE 17:20.440 --> 17:23.374 SAY THIS IS WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE BUT GETTING PEOPLE TO DO 17:23.376 --> 17:25.109 DONE BUT GETTING PEOPLE TO DO IT, THERE ARE A LITTLE MORE 17:25.111 --> 17:25.476 IT, THERE ARE A LITTLE MORE DIFFICULT. 17:25.478 --> 17:26.511 DIFFICULT. LONG TERM, ARE YOU HOPEFUL THESE 17:26.513 --> 17:27.912 LONG TERM, ARE YOU HOPEFUL THESE DECISIONS CAN BE MADE BEFORE WE 17:27.914 --> 17:29.213 DECISIONS CAN BE MADE BEFORE WE REACH A CRISIS LEVEL OR IS IT 17:29.215 --> 17:30.581 REACH A CRISIS LEVEL OR IS IT GOING TO TAKE A REAL CRISIS 17:30.583 --> 17:31.916 GOING TO TAKE A REAL CRISIS LEVEL WHERE PEOPLE TURN ON THEIR 17:31.918 --> 17:33.851 LEVEL WHERE PEOPLE TURN ON THEIR TAP AND NOTHING COMES OUT BEFORE 17:33.853 --> 17:34.619 TAP AND NOTHING COMES OUT BEFORE BIG CHANGES COME? 17:34.621 --> 17:36.954 BIG CHANGES COME? >> WELL, WE'RE IN A CRISIS RIGHT 17:36.956 --> 17:37.221 >> WELL, WE'RE IN A CRISIS RIGHT NOW. 17:37.223 --> 17:40.792 NOW. WATER STILL COMES OUT OF THE 17:40.794 --> 17:44.062 WATER STILL COMES OUT OF THE TAP, BUT POWER PLANTS ARE NOT 17:44.064 --> 17:44.896 TAP, BUT POWER PLANTS ARE NOT BEING BUILT. 17:44.898 --> 17:46.597 BEING BUILT. RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL 17:46.599 --> 17:47.432 RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS CANCELED. 17:47.434 --> 17:50.201 DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS CANCELED. FACTORIES CLOSING. 17:50.203 --> 17:51.669 FACTORIES CLOSING. SOME PLACES AROUND THE COUNTRY 17:51.671 --> 17:52.570 SOME PLACES AROUND THE COUNTRY HAVE RUN OUT OF WATER. 17:52.572 --> 17:55.840 HAVE RUN OUT OF WATER. SO THE CRISIS IS HERE. 17:55.842 --> 17:59.811 SO THE CRISIS IS HERE. BUT THERE ARE STILL CHOICES AND 17:59.813 --> 18:01.012 BUT THERE ARE STILL CHOICES AND PATHS TO SELECT BETWEEN AND 18:01.014 --> 18:02.747 PATHS TO SELECT BETWEEN AND AMONG TO KEEP THE CRISIS FROM 18:02.749 --> 18:03.347 AMONG TO KEEP THE CRISIS FROM BECOMING A CATASTROPHE. 18:03.349 --> 18:05.483 BECOMING A CATASTROPHE. THAT'S WHAT WE NEED. 18:05.485 --> 18:08.352 THAT'S WHAT WE NEED. AND THAT'S GOING TO REQUIRE 18:08.354 --> 18:09.887 AND THAT'S GOING TO REQUIRE POLITICAL WILL AND MORAL 18:09.889 --> 18:10.221 POLITICAL WILL AND MORAL COURAGE. 18:10.223 --> 18:11.289 COURAGE. >> THANKS FOR SITTING DOWN WITH 18:11.291 --> 18:11.556 >> THANKS FOR SITTING DOWN WITH US. 18:11.558 --> 18:13.858 US. >> GOOD TO SEE YOU, CHRISTOPHER. 18:13.860 --> 18:15.860 >> GOOD TO SEE YOU, CHRISTOPHER. >> MANY AMERICANS OF A CERTAIN 18:15.862 --> 18:17.195 >> MANY AMERICANS OF A CERTAIN AGE REMEMBER WHERE WE WERE 50 18:17.197 --> 18:18.496 AGE REMEMBER WHERE WE WERE 50 YEARS AGO WHEN WE HEARD THE NEWS 18:18.498 --> 18:20.998 YEARS AGO WHEN WE HEARD THE NEWS OF JOHN F. KENNEDY'S 18:21.000 --> 18:21.432 OF JOHN F. KENNEDY'S ASSASSINATION. 18:21.434 --> 18:22.900 ASSASSINATION. TO MARK THE ANNIVERSARY, WE'LL 18:22.902 --> 18:25.570 TO MARK THE ANNIVERSARY, WE'LL LOOK AT KENNEDY'S TIME AND 18:25.572 --> 18:26.504 LOOK AT KENNEDY'S TIME AND CONNECTIONS TO ARIZONA. 18:26.506 --> 18:28.372 CONNECTIONS TO ARIZONA. JOINING ME IS TUCSON HISTORIAN 18:28.374 --> 18:30.808 JOINING ME IS TUCSON HISTORIAN JIM TURNER, WHO HAS RESEARCHED 18:30.810 --> 18:32.510 JIM TURNER, WHO HAS RESEARCHED AND WRITTEN ABOUT JFK IN OUR 18:32.512 --> 18:32.810 AND WRITTEN ABOUT JFK IN OUR STATE. 18:32.812 --> 18:33.811 STATE. WELCOME, MR. TURNER. 18:33.813 --> 18:34.846 WELCOME, MR. TURNER. >> THANK YOU, MICHAEL. 18:34.848 --> 18:36.581 >> THANK YOU, MICHAEL. >> TELL US ABOUT THE FIRST TIME 18:36.583 --> 18:38.049 >> TELL US ABOUT THE FIRST TIME THAT YOU KNOW OF THROUGH YOUR 18:38.051 --> 18:38.683 THAT YOU KNOW OF THROUGH YOUR RESEARCH THAT JFK CAME TO 18:38.685 --> 18:40.518 RESEARCH THAT JFK CAME TO ARIZONA. 18:40.520 --> 18:44.188 ARIZONA. >> WELL, IT WAS 1936, IN THE 18:44.190 --> 18:46.023 >> WELL, IT WAS 1936, IN THE SPRING AND SUMMER OF 1936. 18:46.025 --> 18:47.625 SPRING AND SUMMER OF 1936. >> AND WHAT WAS HE DOING HERE? 18:47.627 --> 18:49.260 >> AND WHAT WAS HE DOING HERE? >> WELL, SURPRISINGLY ENOUGH, HE 18:49.262 --> 18:51.896 >> WELL, SURPRISINGLY ENOUGH, HE WAS WORKING ON A RANCH JUST 18:51.898 --> 18:54.098 WAS WORKING ON A RANCH JUST SOUTH OF -- WELL, IT WAS OUTSIDE 18:54.100 --> 18:54.832 SOUTH OF -- WELL, IT WAS OUTSIDE OF BENSON. 18:54.834 --> 18:58.302 OF BENSON. THE MAN WHO OWNED THE RANCH, 18:58.304 --> 19:00.872 THE MAN WHO OWNED THE RANCH, JOHN G.F.SPIDEN, HAD THIS RANCH. 19:00.874 --> 19:02.607 JOHN G.F.SPIDEN, HAD THIS RANCH. HE CAME TO ARIZONA IN 1932. 19:02.609 --> 19:05.943 HE CAME TO ARIZONA IN 1932. HE WAS A WALL STREET BANKER, BUT 19:05.945 --> 19:07.812 HE WAS A WALL STREET BANKER, BUT HE HAD HEALTH PROBLEMS, SO LIKE 19:07.814 --> 19:10.748 HE HAD HEALTH PROBLEMS, SO LIKE MANY OTHERS, HE CAME TO ARIZONA. 19:10.750 --> 19:12.183 MANY OTHERS, HE CAME TO ARIZONA. >> AND KENNEDY CAME TO HIS RANCH 19:12.185 --> 19:14.886 >> AND KENNEDY CAME TO HIS RANCH AS A TEENAGER 17, 18 YEARS OLD, 19:14.888 --> 19:16.954 AS A TEENAGER 17, 18 YEARS OLD, AROUND THERE, WITH HIS OLDER 19:16.956 --> 19:18.456 AROUND THERE, WITH HIS OLDER BROTHER, JOE, AND THEY SPENT HOW 19:18.458 --> 19:20.091 BROTHER, JOE, AND THEY SPENT HOW MUCH TIME ON THAT RANCH? 19:20.093 --> 19:22.994 MUCH TIME ON THAT RANCH? >> ABOUT SIX MONTHS. 19:22.996 --> 19:27.832 >> ABOUT SIX MONTHS. SPRING AND SUMMER, AND JFK HAD 19:27.834 --> 19:30.201 SPRING AND SUMMER, AND JFK HAD BEEN IN LONDON ATTENDING THE 19:30.203 --> 19:31.669 BEEN IN LONDON ATTENDING THE LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS, AND 19:31.671 --> 19:32.403 LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS, AND GOT VERY SICK. 19:32.405 --> 19:34.372 GOT VERY SICK. I'M NOT QUITE SURE IF IT WAS 19:34.374 --> 19:35.773 I'M NOT QUITE SURE IF IT WAS PNEUMONIA BUT IT WAS SOMETHING 19:35.775 --> 19:38.976 PNEUMONIA BUT IT WAS SOMETHING PRETTY BAD, SO HE HAD TO COME 19:38.978 --> 19:41.445 PRETTY BAD, SO HE HAD TO COME HOME AND HIS FATHER JOSEPH HAD A 19:41.447 --> 19:44.649 HOME AND HIS FATHER JOSEPH HAD A FRIEND WHO WAS A JOURNALIST WHO 19:44.651 --> 19:47.218 FRIEND WHO WAS A JOURNALIST WHO KNEW MR. SPIDEN AND SAID WHY 19:47.220 --> 19:49.053 KNEW MR. SPIDEN AND SAID WHY DON'T YOU SEND JACK OUT TO THE 19:49.055 --> 19:50.688 DON'T YOU SEND JACK OUT TO THE RANCH TO RECUPERATE. 19:50.690 --> 19:52.490 RANCH TO RECUPERATE. AND EVIDENTLY, THEY JUST SENT 19:52.492 --> 19:53.858 AND EVIDENTLY, THEY JUST SENT JOE ALONG TO BE HIS COMPANION. 19:53.860 --> 19:55.726 JOE ALONG TO BE HIS COMPANION. >> WHAT DID THEY DO ON THE 19:55.728 --> 19:56.027 >> WHAT DID THEY DO ON THE RANCH? 19:56.029 --> 19:57.495 RANCH? DID THEY JUST HANG OUT OR -- 19:57.497 --> 19:59.030 DID THEY JUST HANG OUT OR -- >> NO, THEY DID REAL COWBOY 19:59.032 --> 20:00.965 >> NO, THEY DID REAL COWBOY STUFF AND IT WAS A PAID JOB. 20:00.967 --> 20:02.633 STUFF AND IT WAS A PAID JOB. THEIR FATHER FELT THAT THEY 20:02.635 --> 20:04.035 THEIR FATHER FELT THAT THEY SHOULD LEARN, ACTUALLY DO 20:04.037 --> 20:06.237 SHOULD LEARN, ACTUALLY DO SOMETHING WITH THEIR HANDS, SO 20:06.239 --> 20:08.573 SOMETHING WITH THEIR HANDS, SO THEY RODE FENCE, THEY FIXED, 20:08.575 --> 20:10.975 THEY RODE FENCE, THEY FIXED, MENDED FENCES, HERDED CATTLE, 20:10.977 --> 20:16.047 MENDED FENCES, HERDED CATTLE, BUT ALSO BUILT AN ADOBE OFFICE 20:16.049 --> 20:17.515 BUT ALSO BUILT AN ADOBE OFFICE FOR THE RANCH OWNER AND LATER 20:17.517 --> 20:19.183 FOR THE RANCH OWNER AND LATER ON, MR. SPIDEN SAID HE WOULD 20:19.185 --> 20:21.319 ON, MR. SPIDEN SAID HE WOULD LIKE TO CALL IT THE HOUSE THAT 20:21.321 --> 20:22.420 LIKE TO CALL IT THE HOUSE THAT JACK BUILT BECAUSE HE HAD 20:22.422 --> 20:24.255 JACK BUILT BECAUSE HE HAD ACTUALLY BUILT IT OUT OF ADOBE 20:24.257 --> 20:24.589 ACTUALLY BUILT IT OUT OF ADOBE BRICKS. 20:24.591 --> 20:26.624 BRICKS. >> AFTER THAT, THE KENNEDY 20:26.626 --> 20:28.359 >> AFTER THAT, THE KENNEDY BROTHERS WENT BACK HOME AND THEY 20:28.361 --> 20:30.094 BROTHERS WENT BACK HOME AND THEY BOTH WENT -- ENROLLED IN 20:30.096 --> 20:30.428 BOTH WENT -- ENROLLED IN HARVARD. 20:30.430 --> 20:32.630 HARVARD. BUT KENNEDY, JOHN KENNEDY, CAME 20:32.632 --> 20:34.632 BUT KENNEDY, JOHN KENNEDY, CAME BACK TO ARIZONA AGAIN FOR HEALTH 20:34.634 --> 20:36.234 BACK TO ARIZONA AGAIN FOR HEALTH REASONS A FEW YEARS LATER. 20:36.236 --> 20:38.402 REASONS A FEW YEARS LATER. THIS WAS AFTER HIS WORLD WAR II 20:38.404 --> 20:40.004 THIS WAS AFTER HIS WORLD WAR II INJURIES, RIGHT? 20:40.006 --> 20:40.838 INJURIES, RIGHT? >> RIGHT. 20:40.840 --> 20:43.241 >> RIGHT. AFTER P.T. 109 WAS RAMMED IN 20:43.243 --> 20:46.844 AFTER P.T. 109 WAS RAMMED IN AUGUST OF 1942, HE OF COURSE 20:46.846 --> 20:49.447 AUGUST OF 1942, HE OF COURSE REINJURED HIS BACK. 20:49.449 --> 20:51.249 REINJURED HIS BACK. HE AND BROTHER JOE JOINED THE 20:51.251 --> 20:52.550 HE AND BROTHER JOE JOINED THE HARVARD FOOTBALL TEAM IN THE 20:52.552 --> 20:55.353 HARVARD FOOTBALL TEAM IN THE FALL OF '36 AND HE INJURED IT 20:55.355 --> 20:59.223 FALL OF '36 AND HE INJURED IT THERE, BUT -- SO AFTER THE P.T. 20:59.225 --> 21:02.627 THERE, BUT -- SO AFTER THE P.T. 109 CRASH, HE WENT TO THE CASTLE 21:02.629 --> 21:04.262 109 CRASH, HE WENT TO THE CASTLE HOT SPRINGS RESORT OUTSIDE OF 21:04.264 --> 21:05.563 HOT SPRINGS RESORT OUTSIDE OF PHOENIX AND RECUPERATED FOR 21:05.565 --> 21:06.297 PHOENIX AND RECUPERATED FOR THREE MONTHS THERE. 21:06.299 --> 21:07.031 THREE MONTHS THERE. >> FOR THREE MONTHS. 21:07.033 --> 21:08.266 >> FOR THREE MONTHS. >> YEAH. 21:08.268 --> 21:10.334 >> YEAH. >> BUT HE ALSO, AS YOUR STORY 21:10.336 --> 21:13.137 >> BUT HE ALSO, AS YOUR STORY TELLS IT, GOT A LITTLE BIT BORED 21:13.139 --> 21:14.772 TELLS IT, GOT A LITTLE BIT BORED WITH -- THERE WASN'T MUCH ACTION 21:14.774 --> 21:15.072 WITH -- THERE WASN'T MUCH ACTION THERE. 21:15.074 --> 21:16.807 THERE. >> RIGHT. 21:16.809 --> 21:18.442 >> RIGHT. IT'S 55 MILES OUTSIDE OF 21:18.444 --> 21:20.611 IT'S 55 MILES OUTSIDE OF PHOENIX, NORTHWEST OF PHOENIX, 21:20.613 --> 21:23.681 PHOENIX, NORTHWEST OF PHOENIX, AND IT WAS BUILT IN 1896, SO IT 21:23.683 --> 21:26.417 AND IT WAS BUILT IN 1896, SO IT WAS A RESORT FOR THE 21:26.419 --> 21:28.686 WAS A RESORT FOR THE VANDERBILTS, ASTORS, BUT HE'S 23 21:28.688 --> 21:30.121 VANDERBILTS, ASTORS, BUT HE'S 23 YEARS OLD AND IT WAS PRETTY 21:30.123 --> 21:32.690 YEARS OLD AND IT WAS PRETTY BORING, SO THEN HE WENT TO THE 21:32.692 --> 21:35.192 BORING, SO THEN HE WENT TO THE BILTMORE, ARIZONA BILTMORE IN 21:35.194 --> 21:37.295 BILTMORE, ARIZONA BILTMORE IN PHOENIX, AND THAT WAS TOO PROPER 21:37.297 --> 21:37.628 PHOENIX, AND THAT WAS TOO PROPER FOR HIM. 21:37.630 --> 21:39.697 FOR HIM. HE WOUND UP AT THE CAMELBACK INN 21:39.699 --> 21:42.300 HE WOUND UP AT THE CAMELBACK INN AND STAYED I'M NOT QUOTE SURE 21:42.302 --> 21:42.667 AND STAYED I'M NOT QUOTE SURE HOW LONG. 21:42.669 --> 21:44.168 HOW LONG. BUT THAT WAS MORE TO HIS LIKING. 21:44.170 --> 21:45.202 BUT THAT WAS MORE TO HIS LIKING. A LOT MORE ACTION. 21:45.204 --> 21:47.271 A LOT MORE ACTION. >> THEN HE WENT BACK TO 21:47.273 --> 21:48.839 >> THEN HE WENT BACK TO MASSACHUSETTS, RAN FOR CONGRESS, 21:48.841 --> 21:50.141 MASSACHUSETTS, RAN FOR CONGRESS, BECAME A U.S. SENATOR, MADE 21:50.143 --> 21:51.542 BECAME A U.S. SENATOR, MADE ANOTHER VISIT TO ARIZONA NOW AS 21:51.544 --> 21:53.978 ANOTHER VISIT TO ARIZONA NOW AS A PUBLIC FIGURE, 1958. 21:53.980 --> 21:54.312 A PUBLIC FIGURE, 1958. CORRECT? 21:54.314 --> 21:54.879 CORRECT? >> YES. 21:54.881 --> 21:55.646 >> YES. >> U.S. SENATOR. 21:55.648 --> 21:58.482 >> U.S. SENATOR. >> I WAS REALLY SURPRISED TO 21:58.484 --> 21:59.850 >> I WAS REALLY SURPRISED TO LEARN THAT, THAT TUCSON HISTORY 21:59.852 --> 22:01.452 LEARN THAT, THAT TUCSON HISTORY IS ONE OF MY FAVORITE SUBJECTS, 22:01.454 --> 22:03.220 IS ONE OF MY FAVORITE SUBJECTS, AND ONE OF THE THINGS WE CAN BE 22:03.222 --> 22:05.156 AND ONE OF THE THINGS WE CAN BE REALLY PROUD OF IS THE ARIZONA 22:05.158 --> 22:06.390 REALLY PROUD OF IS THE ARIZONA FORUM. 22:06.392 --> 22:09.093 FORUM. WE WERE ABLE TO BRING LEADING 22:09.095 --> 22:11.262 WE WERE ABLE TO BRING LEADING FIGURES IN POLITICS AND THEATER 22:11.264 --> 22:13.531 FIGURES IN POLITICS AND THEATER AND EVERYTHING ELSE WOULD COME 22:13.533 --> 22:14.965 AND EVERYTHING ELSE WOULD COME TO APPEAR ON THE SUNDAY EVENING 22:14.967 --> 22:16.667 TO APPEAR ON THE SUNDAY EVENING FORUM WHICH WAS OPEN TO THE 22:16.669 --> 22:19.003 FORUM WHICH WAS OPEN TO THE PUBLIC AND IT WAS A PANEL 22:19.005 --> 22:20.538 PUBLIC AND IT WAS A PANEL SITUATION WHERE PEOPLE WOULD BE 22:20.540 --> 22:20.938 SITUATION WHERE PEOPLE WOULD BE INTERVIEWED. 22:20.940 --> 22:21.939 INTERVIEWED. >> HERE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF 22:21.941 --> 22:24.275 >> HERE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA IN WHAT IS NOW CALLED 22:24.277 --> 22:24.742 ARIZONA IN WHAT IS NOW CALLED CENTENNIAL HALL. 22:24.744 --> 22:25.276 CENTENNIAL HALL. >> RIGHT. 22:25.278 --> 22:26.143 >> RIGHT. >> ANY IDEA WHAT KIND OF CROWD 22:26.145 --> 22:29.046 >> ANY IDEA WHAT KIND OF CROWD KENNEDY DREW AT THAT TIME? 22:29.048 --> 22:31.382 KENNEDY DREW AT THAT TIME? >> I'M REALLY NOT SURE. 22:31.384 --> 22:33.718 >> I'M REALLY NOT SURE. BUT THE BEST QUESTION THAT I 22:33.720 --> 22:34.919 BUT THE BEST QUESTION THAT I LEARNED ABOUT WAS SOMEBODY IN 22:34.921 --> 22:37.521 LEARNED ABOUT WAS SOMEBODY IN THE AUDIENCE ASKED HIM, IT'S A 22:37.523 --> 22:39.123 THE AUDIENCE ASKED HIM, IT'S A PANEL SITUATION, DO YOU THINK A 22:39.125 --> 22:41.058 PANEL SITUATION, DO YOU THINK A 42-YEAR-OLD MAN COULD RUN FOR 22:41.060 --> 22:44.261 42-YEAR-OLD MAN COULD RUN FOR PRESIDENT, AND THIS IS IN 1958, 22:44.263 --> 22:45.763 PRESIDENT, AND THIS IS IN 1958, SO JACK REALLY QUICK ON HIS 22:45.765 --> 22:47.565 SO JACK REALLY QUICK ON HIS HEELS, SAID NO, BUT I THINK A 22:47.567 --> 22:48.265 HEELS, SAID NO, BUT I THINK A 43-YEAR-OLD MAN COULD RUN FOR 22:48.267 --> 22:49.567 43-YEAR-OLD MAN COULD RUN FOR PRESIDENT. 22:49.569 --> 22:51.235 PRESIDENT. >> WHICH WOULD BE JUST A COUPLE 22:51.237 --> 22:52.236 >> WHICH WOULD BE JUST A COUPLE YEARS LATER. 22:52.238 --> 22:52.737 YEARS LATER. >> THAT'S RIGHT. 22:52.739 --> 22:54.004 >> THAT'S RIGHT. >> AND HE DID RUN FOR PRESIDENT 22:54.006 --> 22:54.839 >> AND HE DID RUN FOR PRESIDENT A COUPLE YEARS LATER. 22:54.841 --> 22:55.573 A COUPLE YEARS LATER. >> ABSOLUTELY. 22:55.575 --> 22:57.708 >> ABSOLUTELY. >> THEN HIS NEXT TIME THAT WE 22:57.710 --> 23:00.010 >> THEN HIS NEXT TIME THAT WE KNOW OF AT LEAST BASED ON YOUR 23:00.012 --> 23:02.713 KNOW OF AT LEAST BASED ON YOUR RESEARCH THAT HE WAS IN ARIZONA 23:02.715 --> 23:04.315 RESEARCH THAT HE WAS IN ARIZONA WAS JUST BEFORE THAT 1960 23:04.317 --> 23:05.116 WAS JUST BEFORE THAT 1960 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION. 23:05.118 --> 23:05.583 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION. >> RIGHT. 23:05.585 --> 23:08.853 >> RIGHT. HIS PLANE LANDED IN PHOENIX, 23:08.855 --> 23:10.588 HIS PLANE LANDED IN PHOENIX, PHOENIX AIRPORT, AT 3:00 IN THE 23:10.590 --> 23:10.921 PHOENIX AIRPORT, AT 3:00 IN THE MORNING. 23:10.923 --> 23:13.891 MORNING. HE GOT OFF THE PLANE AND THIS IS 23:13.893 --> 23:15.993 HE GOT OFF THE PLANE AND THIS IS NOVEMBER 3rd, AND THERE WAS A 23:15.995 --> 23:17.828 NOVEMBER 3rd, AND THERE WAS A LITTLE TINY CROWD THERE AND HE 23:17.830 --> 23:20.264 LITTLE TINY CROWD THERE AND HE MADE -- HE GAVE A FEW WORDS, AND 23:20.266 --> 23:22.767 MADE -- HE GAVE A FEW WORDS, AND THEN GOT BACK ON THE PLANE AND 23:22.769 --> 23:24.001 THEN GOT BACK ON THE PLANE AND TWO DAYS LATER, WE HAD THE 23:24.003 --> 23:25.503 TWO DAYS LATER, WE HAD THE ELECTION AND HE WAS PRESIDENT. 23:25.505 --> 23:27.371 ELECTION AND HE WAS PRESIDENT. SO THIS WAS KIND OF THE LAST 23:27.373 --> 23:28.606 SO THIS WAS KIND OF THE LAST CAMPAIGN STOP THAT HE HAD. 23:28.608 --> 23:32.276 CAMPAIGN STOP THAT HE HAD. >> HE WAS PROBABLY ON HIS WAY TO 23:32.278 --> 23:33.344 >> HE WAS PROBABLY ON HIS WAY TO CALIFORNIA, WHICH HE WON -- NO, 23:33.346 --> 23:35.379 CALIFORNIA, WHICH HE WON -- NO, HE LOST IN THAT ELECTION, AND HE 23:35.381 --> 23:36.614 HE LOST IN THAT ELECTION, AND HE LOST ARIZONA TO RICHARD NIXON IN 23:36.616 --> 23:39.350 LOST ARIZONA TO RICHARD NIXON IN THAT ELECTION AS WELL, ALTHOUGH 23:39.352 --> 23:40.684 THAT ELECTION AS WELL, ALTHOUGH AT THAT AIRPORT SPEECH, AND I 23:40.686 --> 23:44.989 AT THAT AIRPORT SPEECH, AND I SAW A COPY OF IT, HE SAID THAT 23:44.991 --> 23:47.124 SAW A COPY OF IT, HE SAID THAT BARRY GOLDWATER WAS WRONG, THAT 23:47.126 --> 23:48.692 BARRY GOLDWATER WAS WRONG, THAT HE WOULD -- THAT THE DEMOCRATS 23:48.694 --> 23:51.662 HE WOULD -- THAT THE DEMOCRATS WOULD PREVAIL IN ARIZONA. 23:51.664 --> 23:54.865 WOULD PREVAIL IN ARIZONA. NIXON TOOK ARIZONA 56% TO ABOUT 23:54.867 --> 23:57.468 NIXON TOOK ARIZONA 56% TO ABOUT 44% FOR KENNEDY. 23:57.470 --> 23:58.869 44% FOR KENNEDY. OTHER ARIZONA CONNECTIONS FOR 23:58.871 --> 24:01.038 OTHER ARIZONA CONNECTIONS FOR KENNEDY, ANYTHING THAT YOU KNOW 24:01.040 --> 24:01.305 KENNEDY, ANYTHING THAT YOU KNOW OF? 24:01.307 --> 24:04.175 OF? >> 1961, BACK IN PHOENIX AT THE 24:04.177 --> 24:04.608 >> 1961, BACK IN PHOENIX AT THE WESTWARD -- 24:04.610 --> 24:05.176 WESTWARD -- >> HE'S PRESIDENT NOW. 24:05.178 --> 24:08.612 >> HE'S PRESIDENT NOW. >> YES, ABSOLUTELY. 24:08.614 --> 24:10.414 >> YES, ABSOLUTELY. VERY FEW PRESIDENTS ACTUALLY -- 24:10.416 --> 24:12.082 VERY FEW PRESIDENTS ACTUALLY -- WELL, I GUESS MAYBE HALF A DOZEN 24:12.084 --> 24:12.817 WELL, I GUESS MAYBE HALF A DOZEN VISITED ARIZONA WHILE THEY WERE 24:12.819 --> 24:15.820 VISITED ARIZONA WHILE THEY WERE PRESIDENT. 24:15.822 --> 24:17.822 PRESIDENT. BUT SENATOR CARL HAYDEN WAS 24:17.824 --> 24:19.523 BUT SENATOR CARL HAYDEN WAS CELEBRATING HIS 50th YEAR IN 24:19.525 --> 24:20.458 CELEBRATING HIS 50th YEAR IN CONGRESS. 24:20.460 --> 24:22.560 CONGRESS. HE WENT TO CONGRESS IN 1912, 24:22.562 --> 24:25.529 HE WENT TO CONGRESS IN 1912, WHEN ARIZONA BECAME A STATE, SO 24:25.531 --> 24:30.734 WHEN ARIZONA BECAME A STATE, SO IN 1961, '62, JACK KENNEDY CAME 24:30.736 --> 24:32.436 IN 1961, '62, JACK KENNEDY CAME TO ARIZONA TO HELP CARL HAYDEN 24:32.438 --> 24:32.803 TO ARIZONA TO HELP CARL HAYDEN CELEBRATE. 24:32.805 --> 24:34.171 CELEBRATE. >> THEN CARL HAYDEN WAS A U.S. 24:34.173 --> 24:35.139 >> THEN CARL HAYDEN WAS A U.S. SENATOR, WE HAVE A PICTURE OF 24:35.141 --> 24:36.807 SENATOR, WE HAVE A PICTURE OF HIM COMING UP IN A FEW MINUTES, 24:36.809 --> 24:39.543 HIM COMING UP IN A FEW MINUTES, HE WAS A U.S. SENATOR AND AT 24:39.545 --> 24:41.111 HE WAS A U.S. SENATOR AND AT THAT TIME, HE SET THE LONGEVITY 24:41.113 --> 24:42.379 THAT TIME, HE SET THE LONGEVITY RECORD FOR BEING A MEMBER OF 24:42.381 --> 24:42.746 RECORD FOR BEING A MEMBER OF CONGRESS. 24:42.748 --> 24:43.214 CONGRESS. >> THAT'S RIGHT. 24:43.216 --> 24:44.482 >> THAT'S RIGHT. >> IT'S SINCE BEEN BROKEN. 24:44.484 --> 24:45.683 >> IT'S SINCE BEEN BROKEN. BUT KENNEDY WAS HERE TO 24:45.685 --> 24:46.984 BUT KENNEDY WAS HERE TO CELEBRATE WITH CARL HAYDEN, WHO 24:46.986 --> 24:48.552 CELEBRATE WITH CARL HAYDEN, WHO WAS A DEMOCRAT, BY THE WAY, 24:48.554 --> 24:48.853 WAS A DEMOCRAT, BY THE WAY, RIGHT? 24:48.855 --> 24:49.753 RIGHT? >> OH, I KNEW THAT. 24:49.755 --> 24:51.522 >> OH, I KNEW THAT. >> NOW, WHAT LED YOU TO DO YOUR 24:51.524 --> 24:53.457 >> NOW, WHAT LED YOU TO DO YOUR RESEARCH IN THIS? 24:53.459 --> 24:54.892 RESEARCH IN THIS? WE JUST HAVE A SHORT TIME 24:54.894 --> 24:55.793 WE JUST HAVE A SHORT TIME REMAINING, LESS THAN A MINUTE. 24:55.795 --> 24:56.327 REMAINING, LESS THAN A MINUTE. >> SURE. 24:56.329 --> 24:58.596 >> SURE. I WAS WORKING AT THE ARIZONA 24:58.598 --> 25:00.030 I WAS WORKING AT THE ARIZONA HISTORICAL SOCIETY, AND RETIRED 25:00.032 --> 25:01.632 HISTORICAL SOCIETY, AND RETIRED FROM THE HISTORIAN POSITION 25:01.634 --> 25:04.134 FROM THE HISTORIAN POSITION THERE, AND A FRIEND OF MINE WHO 25:04.136 --> 25:05.603 THERE, AND A FRIEND OF MINE WHO WAS VOLUNTEERING AT THE MUSEUM 25:05.605 --> 25:08.372 WAS VOLUNTEERING AT THE MUSEUM IN BENSON, ARIZONA, SHOWED ME 25:08.374 --> 25:11.275 IN BENSON, ARIZONA, SHOWED ME THIS PHOTOCOPY OF A NEWSPAPER 25:11.277 --> 25:12.309 THIS PHOTOCOPY OF A NEWSPAPER PICTURE, AND HE SAID CAN YOU 25:12.311 --> 25:13.611 PICTURE, AND HE SAID CAN YOU TELL WHO'S IN THAT PICTURE. 25:13.613 --> 25:15.746 TELL WHO'S IN THAT PICTURE. I WENT OH, MY GOSH, IT'S JFK AS 25:15.748 --> 25:16.680 I WENT OH, MY GOSH, IT'S JFK AS A TEENAGER. 25:16.682 --> 25:18.249 A TEENAGER. >> SO YOU STARTED INTO THAT. 25:18.251 --> 25:19.083 >> SO YOU STARTED INTO THAT. >> YEAH. 25:19.085 --> 25:19.517 >> YEAH. >> EXCELLENT. 25:19.519 --> 25:22.319 >> EXCELLENT. MR. TURNER, JIM TURNER, ARIZONA 25:22.321 --> 25:23.287 MR. TURNER, JIM TURNER, ARIZONA HISTORIAN, THANKS SO MUCH FOR 25:23.289 --> 25:23.888 HISTORIAN, THANKS SO MUCH FOR SPEAKING WITH US TODAY. 25:23.890 --> 25:26.123 SPEAKING WITH US TODAY. >> WELL, THANKS FOR HAVING ME. 25:26.125 --> 25:28.325 >> WELL, THANKS FOR HAVING ME. >>> AS A 14-YEAR-OLD FRESHMAN AT 25:28.327 --> 25:29.860 >>> AS A 14-YEAR-OLD FRESHMAN AT A CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL, I WAS AS 25:29.862 --> 25:30.594 A CATHOLIC HIGH SCHOOL, I WAS AS TAKEN WITH KENNEDY'S CHARISMA AS 25:30.596 --> 25:32.830 TAKEN WITH KENNEDY'S CHARISMA AS ANYONE. 25:32.832 --> 25:35.866 ANYONE. MY MEMORY IS OF HEARING THE NEWS 25:35.868 --> 25:40.170 MY MEMORY IS OF HEARING THE NEWS ON MY TRAN SISTOR RADIO WHEN 25:40.172 --> 25:41.372 ON MY TRAN SISTOR RADIO WHEN HOME FROM SCHOOL IN TUCSON. 25:41.374 --> 25:42.640 HOME FROM SCHOOL IN TUCSON. I IMMEDIATELY CALLED MY DAD AND 25:42.642 --> 25:44.275 I IMMEDIATELY CALLED MY DAD AND TRIED TO REACH MY MOM, THEN 25:44.277 --> 25:45.075 TRIED TO REACH MY MOM, THEN REMAINED GLUED TO THE RADIO FOR 25:45.077 --> 25:47.244 REMAINED GLUED TO THE RADIO FOR THE REST OF THE DAY. 25:47.246 --> 25:48.412 THE REST OF THE DAY. KENNEDY'S LIFE AND DEATH MADE 25:48.414 --> 25:51.081 KENNEDY'S LIFE AND DEATH MADE THEIR MARKS ON OUR NATION AND ON 25:51.083 --> 25:53.350 THEIR MARKS ON OUR NATION AND ON EACH OF US AS INDIVIDUAL 25:53.352 --> 25:53.717 EACH OF US AS INDIVIDUAL AMERICANS. 25:53.719 --> 25:55.352 AMERICANS. FOR ME, HE WAS AN ADULT WITH 25:55.354 --> 25:57.688 FOR ME, HE WAS AN ADULT WITH WHOM I COULD IDENTIFY, BECAUSE 25:57.690 --> 26:00.257 WHOM I COULD IDENTIFY, BECAUSE HE WAS YOUTHFUL AND CLEAR IN 26:00.259 --> 26:02.393 HE WAS YOUTHFUL AND CLEAR IN ENUNCIATING HIS VIEW OF WHAT THE 26:02.395 --> 26:03.294 ENUNCIATING HIS VIEW OF WHAT THE WORLD SHOULD BE LIKE. 26:03.296 --> 26:05.596 WORLD SHOULD BE LIKE. FOR AN IDEALISTIC TEENAGER, THAT 26:05.598 --> 26:07.731 FOR AN IDEALISTIC TEENAGER, THAT WAS CAPTIVATING AND THE SUDDEN 26:07.733 --> 26:09.600 WAS CAPTIVATING AND THE SUDDEN LOSS LEFT A VOID NOT FILLED IN 26:09.602 --> 26:15.439 LOSS LEFT A VOID NOT FILLED IN THAT TIME BY ANY OTHER LEADER. 26:15.441 --> 26:16.440 THAT TIME BY ANY OTHER LEADER. WE'LL END THIS EVENING WITH A 26:16.442 --> 26:18.509 WE'LL END THIS EVENING WITH A MONTAGE OF PHOTOS MARKING JFK'S 26:18.511 --> 26:20.044 MONTAGE OF PHOTOS MARKING JFK'S CONNECTION TO ARIZONA STARTING 26:20.046 --> 26:22.046 CONNECTION TO ARIZONA STARTING WITH THIS 1961 IMAGE FROM THE 26:22.048 --> 26:24.815 WITH THIS 1961 IMAGE FROM THE TUCSON CITIZEN OF THE PRESIDENT 26:24.817 --> 26:27.251 TUCSON CITIZEN OF THE PRESIDENT AT A NEWS CONFERENCE IN TUCSON. 26:27.253 --> 26:28.352 AT A NEWS CONFERENCE IN TUCSON. KENNEDY VISITED ARIZONA MORE 26:28.354 --> 26:31.855 KENNEDY VISITED ARIZONA MORE THAN WE MIGHT HAVE BEEN AWARE, 26:31.857 --> 26:33.390 THAN WE MIGHT HAVE BEEN AWARE, INCLUDING AS HISTORIAN JIM 26:33.392 --> 26:35.192 INCLUDING AS HISTORIAN JIM TURNER MENTIONED, TIME AS A 26:35.194 --> 26:36.493 TURNER MENTIONED, TIME AS A TEENAGER ON A RANCH NEAR BENSON. 26:36.495 --> 26:39.964 TEENAGER ON A RANCH NEAR BENSON. HERE HE IS WITH COWBOY PETE 26:39.966 --> 26:41.098 HERE HE IS WITH COWBOY PETE HAVERTY IN A PHOTO DATED 1936 26:41.100 --> 26:44.501 HAVERTY IN A PHOTO DATED 1936 FROM THE ARIZONA REPUBLIC. 26:44.503 --> 26:45.603 FROM THE ARIZONA REPUBLIC. SOUTHERN ARIZONA CONGRESSMAN 26:45.605 --> 26:47.004 SOUTHERN ARIZONA CONGRESSMAN STUART UDALL BECAME KENNEDY'S 26:47.006 --> 26:50.074 STUART UDALL BECAME KENNEDY'S SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR AND 26:50.076 --> 26:51.842 SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR AND MORRIS UDALL, SHOWN WITH KENNEDY 26:51.844 --> 26:54.144 MORRIS UDALL, SHOWN WITH KENNEDY IN THIS PHOTO FROM THE UDALL 26:54.146 --> 26:56.680 IN THIS PHOTO FROM THE UDALL ARCHIVES AT THE U OF A SUCCEEDED 26:56.682 --> 26:58.215 ARCHIVES AT THE U OF A SUCCEEDED HIS BROTHER IN CONGRESS. 26:58.217 --> 27:00.517 HIS BROTHER IN CONGRESS. FINALLY, THIS IMAGE ALSO FROM 27:00.519 --> 27:03.253 FINALLY, THIS IMAGE ALSO FROM THE U OF A UDALL ARCHIVES SHOW 27:03.255 --> 27:05.222 THE U OF A UDALL ARCHIVES SHOW ARIZONA POLITICAL LEADERS DURING 27:05.224 --> 27:07.625 ARIZONA POLITICAL LEADERS DURING KENNEDY'S PRESIDENCY FROM LEFT, 27:07.627 --> 27:08.492 KENNEDY'S PRESIDENCY FROM LEFT, CONGRESSMAN JOHN RHODES, SENATOR 27:08.494 --> 27:12.730 CONGRESSMAN JOHN RHODES, SENATOR BARRY GOLDWATER, GOVERNOR PAUL 27:12.732 --> 27:14.131 BARRY GOLDWATER, GOVERNOR PAUL FANNON, CONGRESSMAN MORRIS 27:14.133 --> 27:17.234 FANNON, CONGRESSMAN MORRIS UDALL, SENATOR CARL HAYDEN, AND 27:17.236 --> 27:19.136 UDALL, SENATOR CARL HAYDEN, AND INTERIOR SECRETARY STUART UDALL. 27:19.138 --> 27:20.371 INTERIOR SECRETARY STUART UDALL. THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR FRIDAY, 27:20.373 --> 27:23.040 THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22nd, 2013. 27:23.042 --> 27:25.776 NOVEMBER 22nd, 2013. NEXT FRIDAY, A LOOK AT ARIZONA'S 27:25.778 --> 27:28.112 NEXT FRIDAY, A LOOK AT ARIZONA'S BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS WITH 27:28.114 --> 27:28.445 BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS WITH MEXICO. 27:28.447 --> 27:29.179 MEXICO. FOR "ARIZONA WEEK" I'M MICHAEL 27:29.181 --> 27:31.215 FOR "ARIZONA WEEK" I'M MICHAEL CHIHAK. 27:31.217 --> 27:32.216 CHIHAK. >> PRODUCTION OF "ARIZONA WEEK" 27:32.218 --> 27:33.917 >> PRODUCTION OF "ARIZONA WEEK" IS MADE POSSIBLE IN PARTS BY A 27:33.919 --> 27:35.586 IS MADE POSSIBLE IN PARTS BY A GRANT FROM THE STONEWALL 27:35.588 --> 27:37.154 GRANT FROM THE STONEWALL FOUNDATION AND BY THE MEMBERS OF 27:37.156 --> 27:37.821 FOUNDATION AND BY THE MEMBERS OF ARIZONA PUBLIC MEDIA. 27:37.823 --> 27:38.522 ARIZONA PUBLIC MEDIA. THANK YOU FOR YOUR CONTINUED 27:38.524 --> 27:40.357 THANK YOU FOR YOUR CONTINUED SUPPORT.