. IS THERE A FEELING THAT WHEN CA TALKS OR DOES THAT DEPEND ON THE SESSION OR WHAT'S GOING ON? >> I THINK IT DEPENDS ON THE SESSION AND WHAT'S GOING ON. OBVIOUSLY THIS IS OUR 35th CLEAR YEAR AND SO WE'RE WELL-KNOWN TO FOLKS AT THE LEGISLATOR AND IN THE GOVERNOR'S OFFICE AND AND WE'RE NON-PAR SAN SO QUESTION PROVIDE HELP AND INFORMATION TO FOLKS ABOUT WHAT THE IMPACT OF THE PARTICULAR POLICY PROPOSAL MIGHT BE ON FAMILIES, AND WE'RE WILLING TO DO THAT WITH ANYONE. I THINK THERE'S ALWAYS A WILLINGNESS BECAUSE WE HAVE INFORMATION TO OFFER, AND WE'RE HOPE THAT DO THAT. THAT'S WHAT WE'RE HERE FOR. >> HOW DO YOU THINK THE STATE DOING GENERALLY WHEN IT COMES TO THESE MAJOR CHILDREN AND FAMILY ISSUES AND IS IT GETTING ANY BETTER? >> SO MOST OF THE MEASURES THAT WE LOOK AT, ARIZONA STILL LAGS BEHIND A LOT OF THE REST OF THE COUNTRY, UNFORTUNATELY WE SCORE WELL WHAT WE PAY OUR TEACHERS. WE SCORE VERY WELL ON A WHOLE LOT OF INDICATORS AT THINGS LIKE, YOU KNOW, HOW MANY CHILDREN HAVE HEALTH INSURANCE AND THAT SORT OF THING. WE MAKE PROGRESS, YEAR OVER YEAR, AND WE'RE STILL, BELIEVE IT OR NOT, TYING TO DIG OUT FROM THE GREAT RECESSION WHEN ALMOST EVERYTHING IN THE STATE BUDGET WAS CUT COMPLETELY OUT, OUT OF NECESSITY. DID HE HAVE MUCH OF A CHOICE. AND A LOT OF THAT HAS NOT BEEN RESTORED, AND SO IT KEEPS US IN THE BOTTOMS OF THOSE RANKINGS. >> KELLY, THANKS FOR BEING HERE. APPRECIATE. >> THANK YOU. >> I'M A PROUD TRANCE WOMAN. I THINK THE BIGGEST THING TO KNOW ABOUT OUR COMMUNITY IS WE ARE LIKE ANYBODY ELSE, ANY OTHER COMMUNITY... FOR ME, MY MILD IS THAT WE WANT TO HAVE THE WORLD AS A WHOLE TO CELEBRATE EACH OTHER AND OUR DIFFERENCES. I THINK THE A LOT OF TIMES WE USE MISCONCEPTIONS TO GENERATE FEAR, TO DRIVE PEOPLE TO BE PERSUADED OR TO THINGS -- SEE THINGS FROM FROM A CERTAIN POINT OF VIEW AND FOR ME THAT'S NOT WHAT OUR COMMUNITY IS ABOUT. OUR COMMUNITY IS ABOUT LOVING PEOPLE FOR WHO THEY ARE, ACCEPTING PEOPLE FOR WHO THEY ARE. AND IN TURN PEOPLE ARE ABLE TO THRIVE. >> TONIGHT ON THE NEWS HOUR, CANADIAN WILDFIRES CAUSE HAZARDOUS AIR CONDITIONS ACROSS THE EASTERN PART OF THE U.S. THAT'S COMING UP AT 6:00 ON ARIZONA PBS. >> PROFESSOR, WELCOME. >> THANKS FOR BEING HERE. >> THANKS FOR HAVING ME. >> HOW COMMON IS IT FOR PEOPLE TO HAVE THESE THOUGHTS ABOUT WHAT MIGHT HAVE BEEN. IN OUR STUDY WE FOUND THAT ONLY 6% OF RESPONDENTS SAID THAT THEY RARELY OR ALMOST NEVER THOUGHT ABOUT THE IDEA OF WHAT COULD HAVE BEEN. SO IT'S COMMON. MANY PEOPLE I SPEAK TO PERSONALLY, IT'S SHOCKING THAT YOU TELL SOMEONE THE TOPIC THAT YOU STUDY AND THEY SAY, I COULD HAVE BEEN THIS OR I COULD HAVE BEEN THAT. I THINK IT'S VERY COMMON. >> AND SO PEOPLE DON'T HAVE TO BE DEPRESSED, UNHAPPY IN THEIR JOBS, THEY STILL WILL HAVE THESE THOUGHTS. >> EXACTLY. YES. THAT'S EXACTLY RIGHT. THE BASIC NOTION OF THIS IS THAT PEOPLE FACE A FORK IN THE ROAD MANY TIMES IN LIFE WHERE SOMEONE MAYBE COULD HAVE GONE BACK TO GRADUATE SCHOOL, COULD HAVE TAKEN A PROMOTION OPPORTUNITY. THEY DECIDED TO TURN DOWN AFTER OPPORTUNITY AND WHAT RESEARCH SHOWS THAT PEOPLE CONTINUE TO SPEAK ABOUT THE PAST, THE LIFE THEY MAY HAVE HAD IN THIS MOMENT IF THEY HAD TAKEN THAT OTHER PATH. DOESN'T HAVE ANYTHING TO DO WITH YOUR INITIAL HAPPINESS WITH YOUR LIFE, USUALLY THAT'S AN OUTCOME OF THINKING ABOUT WHAT COULD HAVE BEEN. BUT NO, PEOPLE WHO ARE PERFECTLY HAPPY WITH THEIR LIVES CAN STILL THINK ABOUT THE NOTION OF WHAT COULD HAVE BEEN. >> SO EVEN IF YOU'RE HAPPY BUT STILL THINKING ABOUT THE POSSIBILITIES, WHAT KIND OF EFFECT CAN THAT HAVE ON HOW YOU BEHAVE, HOW WELL YOU DO YOUR JOB AND FRANKLY MAYBE EVEN MORE EFFECTIVE HOW IT AFFECTS COWORKERS AND COLLEAGUES. >> YEAH. IT CAN LEAD TO YOU WITHDRAW FROM YOUR WORKPLACE AND ALSO TO BE LESS HELPFUL TO PEOPLE AROUND YOU, WHICH ARE BOTH VERY NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES. WE WANT EMPLOYEES TO BE ENGAGED AND ACTIVE PARTICIPATES IN THE WORKPLACE. AND SO, YEAH, THERE'S SOME NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES THAT DEFINITELY OCCUR. SO DID IT SORT OF -- >> IT IS RECEIPTED, I THINK. THERE IS A LOT TO DO WITH. IF YOU CAN'T SHAKE THE NOTION OF MY LIFE COULD HAVE LOOKED LIKE THIS, YOU KNOW, I THINK THERE IS THAT ELEMENT OF JUST KIND OF BEING IN PLACE AND KIND OF GOING ALONG WITH THINGS BUT NOT BEING SUPER ENGAGED. I THINK QUIET FOOT SOMETHING DEFINITELY-RELATED. NOT SOMETHING I SPECIFICALLY STUDIED IN MY PAPER BUT DEFINITELY VERY RELATED, I THINK. >> BASED ON YOUR STUDY HOW MUCH OF THE "WHAT MIGHT HAVE BEEN" EVOLVES AROUND MONEY? I COULD HAVE MADE MORE MONEY, MAYBE I COULD HAVE TAKEN MORE VACATIONS, THAT SORT OF THING. >> SURPRISINGLY NOT A LOT. A LOT OF PEOPLE THINK IT'S LARGELY DRIVEN BY PAY BUT A LOT OF TIMES HAD TO DO WITH THE FULFILLMENT THAT YOU THINK YOU COULD HAVE HAD. THE OPPORTUNITIES THAT YOU HAVE, MORE OF LIKE A GROWTH OPPORTUNITY. OFTENTIMES IT IS RELATED TO, YOU KNOW, IF I HAD TAKEN THIS OPPORTUNITY, I NEVER WOULD HAVE MET MY SPOUSE. SO IT COULD BE SOMETHING LIKE THAT. BUT OFTENTIMES PAY IS NOT ACTUALLY THAT RELATIVE. >> HOW ABOUT PERHAPS THE COMMUNITY YOU MIGHT HAVE MOVED TO? >> THAT HAS SOMETHING TO DO WITH IT AS WELL FOR SURE. IF SOMEBODY SAYS IF I HAD TAKEN THIS JOB I WOULD HAVE MOVED TO CHICAGO AND CAN'T IMAGINE MYSELF LIVING THERE OR SOMETHING ALONG THOSE LINES. IT DEFINITELY HAS A ROLE I KNOW AS PART OF THE STUDY, YOU HAVE SOME PEOPLE THAT ARE PRODUCTIVE. >> ONE OF THE THINGS PEOPLE DO IN RESPONSE TO LONGING FOR WHAT COULD HAVE BEEN IS ENGAGING IN WHAT WE CALL JOB CALVING. FOCUSING ON WHAT IS THE MOST FULFILLING IN YOUR JOB. TWEAKING THE TASKS THAT YOU WORK ON. MAYBE THAT MEANS FOCUSING ON THINGS THAT ARE RELATED TO THE JOB THAT YOU COULD HAVE HAD, THE LIGHT OF THAT YOU COULD HAVE LED. FOR EXAMPLE, IF SOMEONE COULD HAVE BEEN A VETERINARIAN BUT WORK IN SOCIAL SERVICES, MAYBE THERE'S A WAY TO INCORPORATE SERVICE ANIMALS INTO SOME OF THE PROGRAMS THAT THEY'VE PUT ON. SO TRY TO FIND WAYS TO INCORPORATE ELEMENTS OF THAT FOREGONE LIFE INTO YOUR CURRENT LIFE. THAT CAN BE ONE WAY TO DO THIS. ANOTHER THING THOUGH IS DEVELOP WHAT WE CALL AN INTERNAL WELLNESS OF CONTROL. SO THIS IS WHEREAS THINGS HAPPEN TO YOU BY CHANCE OR LUCK OR HAPPENSTANCE. IT'S THAT YOU EARN WHAT YOU RECEIVE IN LIFE AND YOU HAVE CONTROL OVER WHAT HAPPENS. SO PEOPLE WHO HAVE THIS INTERNAL LOCUST OF CONTROL TEND TO RESPOND THAT PROACTIVE TWEAKING OF THEIR JOB AS OPPOSED TO JUST WITHDRAWING AND BEING UNHELPFUL. >> FINALLY, CAN THESE SORTS OF THINGS PREVENT FREEDOM BEING UNHAPPY ON THE JOB OR MAYBE LEAD TO MORE CAREER SHIFT AS SOON AS CAN THESE THINGS LEAD TO THE IDEA OF I HAVE MORE CONTROL TO DO THIS JOB THE WAY I PLEASE OR MOVE ON TO SOMETHING ELSE. VERY BRIEFLY. >> I THINK DEFINITELY, I THINK IT DOES. IT'S NOT SOMETHING WE SPECIFICALLY STUDIED. BUT I THINK YES IF YOU FEEL LIKE WHAT YOU HAVE CURRENTLY IS NOT VERY FULFILLING TO YOU, MAYBE YOU DECIDE YOU CAN'T EXACTLY GO BACK AND STEP INTO THAT LIFE, BUT MAYBE YOU DECIDE YOU ACTUALLY DO WANT TO BE A VETERINARIAN AND DECIDE TO GO BACK. >> DO YOU EVER HAVE THESE THOUGHTS? >> YES, I DO. ABSOLUTELY. BUT I LOVE WHAT I DO, SO IT'S ALWAYS THANK GOD I DIDN'T DO THAT. >> PROFESSOR, THANK YOU SO MUCH. >> THANK YOU. >>> AND THAT IS IT FOR NOW ON ARIZONA HORIZON. HAVE A GREAT NIGHT.