WEBVTT 00:01.200 --> 00:04.366 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Narr: America's Heartland is made possible by... 00:04.466 --> 00:07.100 align:left position:30%,start line:83% size:60% CropLife America. And it's member companies 00:07.200 --> 00:09.966 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% and associations in the crop protection industry 00:10.066 --> 00:14.733 align:left position:37.5%,start line:5% size:52.5% including: 00:14.833 --> 00:17.633 align:left position:35%,start line:83% size:55% Farm Credit - financing agriculture 00:17.733 --> 00:21.066 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% and rural America since 1916. 00:21.166 --> 00:22.333 align:left position:32.5%,start line:83% size:57.5% Farm Credit is cooperatively owned 00:22.433 --> 00:24.000 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% by America's farmers and ranchers. 00:24.100 --> 00:26.633 align:left position:32.5%,start line:83% size:57.5% Learn more at farmcredit.com. 00:27.466 --> 00:29.333 align:left position:22.5%,start line:89% size:67.5% Hi, I'm Sarah Gardner. 00:29.433 --> 00:31.200 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% If you're an animal lover, I think you're going to like 00:31.300 --> 00:33.433 align:left position:32.5%,start line:83% size:57.5% this episode of America's Heartland. 00:33.533 --> 00:36.933 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% We're gonna share some fun with our feathered and furry friends. 00:37.033 --> 00:40.066 align:left position:30%,start line:5% size:60% Some animals with particular talents. 00:40.166 --> 00:42.400 align:left position:15%,start line:5% size:75% We'll take you to California where some high flying owls 00:42.500 --> 00:45.733 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% are helping farmers keep down the pest population. 00:45.833 --> 00:49.266 align:left position:25%,start line:5% size:65% You'll meet some very skillful dogs in Nebraska. 00:49.366 --> 00:51.766 align:left position:22.5%,start line:5% size:67.5% Working dogs to handle sheep and cattle. 00:51.866 --> 00:54.633 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% We depend on inspections to keep our food supplies safe 00:54.733 --> 00:57.033 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% when it comes to products from overseas. 00:57.133 --> 00:59.033 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% You'll see how U.S. customs is using 00:59.133 --> 01:01.666 align:left position:27.5%,start line:5% size:62.5% highly trained dogs to do the job. 01:01.766 --> 01:04.966 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% And these Texas felines are taking on a new role in life. 01:05.066 --> 01:08.000 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% Heading for the country to become "Barn Cats"! 01:08.100 --> 01:10.700 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% It's all coming up on America's Heartland. 01:13.033 --> 01:19.433 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% ♪You can see it in the eyes Of every woman and man♪ 01:19.533 --> 01:25.400 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% ♪In America's Heartland living close to the land♪ 01:25.500 --> 01:31.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% ♪There's a love for the country And a pride in the brand♪ 01:31.466 --> 01:34.400 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% ♪In America's Heartland♪ 01:34.500 --> 01:39.733 align:left position:35%,start line:83% size:55% ♪Living close Close to the land♪ 01:39.833 --> 01:48.833 align:left position:47.5%,start line:89% size:42.5% ♪♪♪ 01:48.933 --> 01:51.166 align:left position:10%,start line:5% size:80% It will come as no surprise that we love our animals. 01:51.266 --> 01:54.700 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% My dog Mustache here is an important part of our family. 01:54.800 --> 01:57.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% And think about these numbers: It's estimated that there are 01:57.466 --> 02:02.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% some 83 million dogs in the U.S. and some 95 million cats. 02:02.133 --> 02:05.100 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Both animals play a role in helping out farmers and ranchers 02:05.200 --> 02:07.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% but those are far from the only animals you'll find 02:07.733 --> 02:09.866 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% in rural America. 02:09.966 --> 02:12.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% You may remember, we introduced you to a Utah rancher 02:12.433 --> 02:15.566 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% who sold zebras to those wanting something "unusual" 02:15.666 --> 02:17.366 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% around the homestead. 02:17.466 --> 02:21.033 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Many FFA and 4-H members have pet sheep as projects. 02:21.133 --> 02:24.433 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% And even some suburban and urban homeowners are joining 02:24.533 --> 02:26.666 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% farmers in raising chickens these days. 02:26.766 --> 02:29.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% For some, it's a focus on organic, for others, 02:29.233 --> 02:33.133 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% it's simply some fresh eggs very close to home! 02:33.233 --> 02:35.966 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% Speaking of poultry, we found a man in Iowa whose geese 02:36.066 --> 02:39.033 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% were a popular part of his town's annual parade. 02:39.133 --> 02:42.100 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And let's not forget our porcine friends. 02:42.200 --> 02:44.533 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% How about Irene the potbellied pig who loves to 02:44.633 --> 02:49.533 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% pick up fallen apples on the family farm in Oregon. 02:49.633 --> 02:51.866 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% On many farms and ranches, the family dog 02:51.966 --> 02:53.800 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% is much more than just a pet. 02:53.900 --> 02:56.133 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% In some instances, our canine companions are 02:56.233 --> 02:58.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% critical to the work that needs to be done. 02:58.466 --> 03:00.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Rob Stewart takes you to Nebraska and a school 03:00.900 --> 03:04.900 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% turning out "working dogs" for sheep and cattle ranches. 03:05.000 --> 03:09.800 align:left position:47.5%,start line:89% size:42.5% ♪♪♪ 03:09.900 --> 03:11.866 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% Rob: They're hopping... 03:11.966 --> 03:15.766 align:left position:37.5%,start line:89% size:52.5% Huffing... 03:15.866 --> 03:17.066 align:left position:35%,start line:89% size:55% And herding! 03:17.166 --> 03:20.866 align:left position:17.5%,start line:89% size:72.5% John: Lie down, lie down! 03:20.966 --> 03:24.333 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% I'm John Holman, and I'm a Nebraska Stock Dog Trainer. 03:24.433 --> 03:27.166 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Rob: Welcome to Clay Center, Nebraska where John Holman 03:27.266 --> 03:30.866 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% runs Dog 4 Ewe border collie training. 03:30.966 --> 03:34.333 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Here - he's training dogs to herd sheep and cattle. 03:34.433 --> 03:36.600 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Today's classroom is the pasture... 03:36.700 --> 03:40.166 align:left position:30%,start line:83% size:60% and it's drooling with dogs! 03:40.266 --> 03:43.200 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% Meet Mick, Lee... 03:43.300 --> 03:46.333 align:left position:35%,start line:89% size:55% Sweet Savy... 03:46.433 --> 03:49.700 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% ...and Pete, today's new pup of the pack. 03:49.800 --> 03:51.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% But the top dog today... is Mick, 03:51.733 --> 03:54.333 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% just panting for John's canine commands. 03:54.433 --> 04:02.000 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% John: Steady, Mick. Walk up, walk up. Good boy. 04:02.100 --> 04:04.866 align:left position:37.5%,start line:89% size:52.5% Away to me. 04:04.966 --> 04:06.600 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% Bringing my sheep in. 04:06.700 --> 04:08.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Rob: What were those commands and what do they mean? 04:08.333 --> 04:09.366 align:left position:32.5%,start line:5% size:57.5% John: Alright. 04:09.466 --> 04:11.433 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% I send him out to the right first or what we say 04:11.533 --> 04:14.166 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% counterclockwise around the sheep, that's an "away to me" 04:14.266 --> 04:15.233 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% Rob: Away to me. 04:16.300 --> 04:17.000 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% John: Clockwise around the livestock is a "go by." 04:17.100 --> 04:18.266 align:left position:35%,start line:89% size:55% Rob: Go by. 04:18.366 --> 04:22.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% John: "Take time" means to slow down, "walk up" means stop. 04:22.333 --> 04:25.400 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Usually it means he's been running around the stock to 04:25.500 --> 04:27.233 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% get into the right position, and then I say "there" 04:27.333 --> 04:29.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% "walk up" mean come straight to your livestock so that they 04:29.566 --> 04:32.100 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% can move the stock off in the right direction. 04:32.200 --> 04:34.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Rob: All across the heartland, working dogs are used to 04:34.266 --> 04:39.300 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% move sheep, cattle and goats in that "right direction." 04:39.400 --> 04:43.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Those skills come from training and a dog's natural instinct. 04:43.833 --> 04:46.066 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% John: Ok Mick, walk up. 04:46.166 --> 04:48.100 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Rob: These collies are natural herders and they're 04:48.200 --> 04:50.400 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% eager to please their owners. 04:50.500 --> 04:51.666 align:left position:17.5%,start line:89% size:72.5% John: "alright, lie down". 04:51.766 --> 04:53.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Rob: But, they must be taught to move the sheep, 04:53.900 --> 04:55.700 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% instead of keeping them penned up. 04:55.800 --> 04:58.766 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% And so we see Mick here with the sheep in front of him, and 04:58.866 --> 05:03.033 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Mick is just moving them from pasture to pasture, like that. 05:03.133 --> 05:04.233 align:left position:27.5%,start line:89% size:62.5% John: Sure, sure. 05:04.333 --> 05:06.200 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% He has total control of this livestock. 05:06.300 --> 05:09.800 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% You know, I- I tell him where I want them, he puts them there. 05:09.900 --> 05:11.833 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% If I really want to get specific, you know, 05:11.933 --> 05:14.466 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% I can tell him how to do it but most times I don't have to. 05:14.566 --> 05:17.133 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% Rob: And they obey him unbelievably. 05:17.233 --> 05:21.066 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% John: You know, I got caught without a dog this morning. 05:21.166 --> 05:23.066 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% I was just on my way to work and I stopped by here and tried 05:23.166 --> 05:26.400 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% to do something without the dog- it is so frustrating. 05:26.500 --> 05:30.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% It's so- they really do put you in control of your livestock. 05:30.600 --> 05:34.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:77% size:77.5% Rob: That's why farmers and ranchers depend on stock dogs nationwide. 05:34.900 --> 05:38.500 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% John: Low stress livestock, work, and handling. 05:38.600 --> 05:40.600 align:left position:30%,start line:83% size:60% The dogs take the sheep out to graze or 05:40.700 --> 05:43.366 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% the cattle from one pasture to another. 05:43.466 --> 05:46.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% There, you know it all works in to the stewardship of the land. 05:46.600 --> 05:48.566 align:left position:22.5%,start line:89% size:67.5% Alright Lee, come here. 05:48.666 --> 05:50.966 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% Here, get in here, away to me. 05:51.066 --> 05:53.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Rob: John Holman tells farmers that dogs moving sheep and 05:53.933 --> 05:56.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% cattle can save time and money on the range. 05:56.500 --> 05:57.666 align:left position:27.5%,start line:89% size:62.5% John: Absolutely. 05:57.766 --> 06:00.900 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% In fact, if you're talking about mounted cowboys and stuff, 06:01.000 --> 06:02.466 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% they'll take the place of two guys on horseback.. 06:02.566 --> 06:03.233 align:left position:32.5%,start line:89% size:57.5% Rob: Really... 06:04.066 --> 06:04.500 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% John: That know what they're doing. 06:05.533 --> 06:06.833 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% They can go places that the horses can't get, 06:06.933 --> 06:08.933 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% under brush and into stuff where maybe the cattle just 06:09.033 --> 06:11.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% plow in to be obnoxious, you know, they can get in there 06:11.333 --> 06:13.500 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% and get a hold of the cow by the heel or by the nose and 06:13.600 --> 06:15.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% bring him out where he can get control of him again. 06:15.966 --> 06:17.733 align:left position:12.5%,start line:89% size:77.5% Rob: Talk about a power tool. 06:17.833 --> 06:20.000 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% John: It's the power tool, it's kind of a power trip 06:20.100 --> 06:21.833 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% when you get good at it. 06:21.933 --> 06:24.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Rob: The power trip is exactly why Amy Novak 06:24.333 --> 06:26.333 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% is here with her dog, Honey. 06:26.433 --> 06:28.200 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% Amy: Lie down, lie down. 06:28.300 --> 06:29.700 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% John: Good Job! 06:29.800 --> 06:32.066 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% That's a good move Amy, step in front like that. 06:32.166 --> 06:34.600 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Rob: John usually works with farmers and ranchers to 06:34.700 --> 06:37.866 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% train their border collies... but Amy's here to 06:37.966 --> 06:40.900 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% get away from her busy professional life. 06:41.000 --> 06:41.833 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% Amy: It's a thrill! 06:41.933 --> 06:43.066 align:left position:35%,start line:89% size:55% It's a rush! 06:43.166 --> 06:44.233 align:left position:27.5%,start line:89% size:62.5% An adrenaline rush. 06:44.333 --> 06:47.533 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And until you ever do it, you don't understand it. 06:47.633 --> 06:48.400 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% John: Step into her a little bit. 06:48.500 --> 06:49.366 align:left position:32.5%,start line:89% size:57.5% Keep her calm. 06:49.466 --> 06:50.366 align:left position:27.5%,start line:89% size:62.5% Amy: It's a treat. 06:50.466 --> 06:54.200 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% It's, it's something it's my- my time away, 06:54.300 --> 06:57.733 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% my therapy, to get away and come with the stock and with 06:57.833 --> 07:01.733 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% the dogs, do something that I enjoy and, uh, just to get 07:01.833 --> 07:04.100 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% away from my normal, everyday life. 07:04.200 --> 07:05.866 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% John: Pete, you ready to go? C'mon Pete. 07:05.966 --> 07:10.366 align:left position:12.5%,start line:77% size:77.5% Rob: Pete is a farm dog... and just arrived to learn John's skills, 07:10.466 --> 07:13.700 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% before returning to the ranch to help his owners herd. 07:13.800 --> 07:15.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% John: He's got some pretty good breeding. 07:15.133 --> 07:16.500 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% I saw his registration papers... 07:16.600 --> 07:19.333 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% and so I'm kind of excited to see what he'll do. 07:19.433 --> 07:22.300 align:left position:10%,start line:5% size:80% Rob: John teaches Pete using his tone of voice and body 07:22.400 --> 07:25.866 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% language to direct where he wants Pete to send the sheep. 07:25.966 --> 07:29.200 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% John can tell if the dog is ready. 07:29.300 --> 07:30.833 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% John: When I first take a dog out to stock. 07:30.933 --> 07:32.733 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% First I want to see if he's interested, which he's already 07:32.833 --> 07:35.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% showing me I, you know, a little bit of interest. 07:36.033 --> 07:37.500 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% I want him to know that I'm going to be 07:37.600 --> 07:38.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:89% size:77.5% in control of what we're doing. 07:39.066 --> 07:41.300 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% I kind of control the pace of this whole thing. 07:41.400 --> 07:43.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And that I'm gonna... see he's eyeballing 'em already, 07:44.066 --> 07:45.333 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% dancing around a little. 07:45.433 --> 07:46.300 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% Trying to balance on 'em. 07:46.400 --> 07:47.433 align:left position:22.5%,start line:89% size:67.5% That's all good signs. 07:47.533 --> 07:49.900 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% He's got concentration and we like that. 07:50.000 --> 07:52.166 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% Rob: John says Pete's a natural. 07:52.266 --> 07:54.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% National and local awards for his prize dogs 07:54.833 --> 07:57.466 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% line John's home office. 07:57.566 --> 08:01.300 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% And the dogs aren't the only ones enjoying the competition. 08:01.400 --> 08:02.400 align:left position:17.5%,start line:89% size:72.5% John: I do really love it. 08:02.500 --> 08:03.966 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% I can't hardly even describe the feeling. 08:04.066 --> 08:06.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% When things work well and you get the job done so well. 08:06.900 --> 08:09.300 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Whether it's a job at home or a trial at competition I 08:09.400 --> 08:12.733 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% go to and we ace a course and we get around there just great. 08:12.833 --> 08:16.600 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% It is like the top of the world kind of a feeling to 08:16.700 --> 08:19.066 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% know that you have a partner out there who's ready to go 08:19.166 --> 08:22.633 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% rain or shine or blizzards or heat or whatever. 08:22.733 --> 08:25.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% He's right there or she's right there the instant 08:25.833 --> 08:28.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% you call 'em in the morning and they're busy all day long 08:28.433 --> 08:29.400 align:left position:22.5%,start line:89% size:67.5% if you want them to be. 08:29.500 --> 08:33.233 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% Good boy. 08:33.333 --> 08:35.133 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Narr: Great senses of sight, smell and hearing 08:35.233 --> 08:37.533 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% help our canine companions do their jobs... 08:37.633 --> 08:39.500 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% on the farm and off. 08:39.600 --> 08:41.600 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% It's estimated that dogs can hear 08:41.700 --> 08:43.400 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% four times better than humans; 08:43.500 --> 08:46.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% their night vision is five times better and their sense of smell 08:47.033 --> 08:51.800 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% is more than 40 times sharper than our noses. 08:51.900 --> 08:54.033 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Sarah: You know, it's great when a program to benefit animals 08:54.133 --> 08:57.300 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% can also help to meet a need that exists in the heartland. 08:57.400 --> 08:58.966 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% We're all aware that feral cats pose 08:59.066 --> 09:01.233 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% a real problem in many communities. 09:01.333 --> 09:03.966 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% One solution is an idea that's taken off in several 09:04.066 --> 09:07.233 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% places including a community in the Lone Star State. 09:07.333 --> 09:10.033 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% It's a plan that finds new homes for our feline friends- 09:10.133 --> 09:11.866 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% down on the farm. 09:11.900 --> 09:15.433 align:left position:47.5%,start line:83% size:42.5% ♪♪♪ 09:15.466 --> 09:18.133 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Pam: The word feral means wild and undomesticated. 09:18.233 --> 09:21.200 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Uh, they're very untrusting of humans which is what 09:21.300 --> 09:25.766 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% helps them to survive a lot of times in the wild. 09:25.866 --> 09:30.033 align:left position:15%,start line:77% size:75% Sarah: Pam Asturias is a hometown hero to many in the Dallas area. 09:30.133 --> 09:34.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% She devotes much of her time to a program called "Feral Friends" 09:34.666 --> 09:37.100 align:left position:32.5%,start line:5% size:57.5% These cats, um, I always feel like they 09:37.200 --> 09:39.100 align:left position:25%,start line:5% size:65% don't have anybody to speak for them. 09:39.200 --> 09:40.900 align:left position:27.5%,start line:5% size:62.5% I love all animals. 09:41.000 --> 09:43.800 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% The feral cats, I mean you can't pick 'em up and cuddle them, 09:43.900 --> 09:46.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% uh, they deserve a chance just like anybody else. 09:46.633 --> 09:49.533 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% I mean they can't help their situation, um, they were born 09:49.633 --> 09:53.300 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% here or dumped outside and they do the best they can. 09:53.400 --> 09:58.166 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Sarah: Rather than euthanize, Feral Friends traps, spays and neuters 09:58.266 --> 10:02.800 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% the animals then returns the cats to their feral territory. 10:02.900 --> 10:05.933 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Pam: If the cats cannot go back to a situation if a building's 10:06.033 --> 10:08.866 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% being torn down, if somebody is shooting the cats, 10:08.966 --> 10:12.166 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% poisoning them, then our group turns to a group 10:12.266 --> 10:16.366 align:left position:30%,start line:83% size:60% called Barn Cats Incorporated. 10:16.466 --> 10:22.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Peggy: Farmers need these cats, uh, they're working cats. 10:22.933 --> 10:26.200 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Sarah: Peggy Atkerson directs Barn Cats, Incorporated. 10:26.300 --> 10:28.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Working with Pam and her group, they strive to find 10:28.900 --> 10:33.633 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% better life options for these wild felines. 10:33.733 --> 10:35.366 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% >>Come here, Sammy. 10:35.466 --> 10:39.233 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Sarah: Begun in 2003, Barn Cats relocates feral animals 10:39.333 --> 10:41.300 align:left position:27.5%,start line:89% size:62.5% across North Texas. 10:41.400 --> 10:43.666 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% Placing them on farms and ranches. 10:43.766 --> 10:45.466 align:left position:22.5%,start line:5% size:67.5% They can catch the rats and the mice, 10:45.566 --> 10:49.000 align:left position:15%,start line:5% size:75% y'know, control that in their particular barn or shed 10:49.100 --> 10:51.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% or warehouse, whatever it happens to be. 10:51.233 --> 10:56.466 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% And... take care of, uh, of a- of a whole set of problems. 10:56.566 --> 10:59.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Um, snakes are looking for rats and mice, 10:59.666 --> 11:02.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:89% size:77.5% so no rats and mice, no snakes. 11:02.366 --> 11:06.366 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Sarah: "Barn Cats" will shelter some 40 animals at any given time. 11:06.466 --> 11:09.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% After being received from groups like "Feral Friends", 11:09.400 --> 11:11.766 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% they're moved to farm and ranch locations 11:11.866 --> 11:15.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% and sheltered there, in cages, for at least two weeks. 11:16.066 --> 11:18.066 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Peggy: At the end of two weeks, they leave those doors open 11:18.166 --> 11:20.566 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% to the cage and the cat then is on their own and we say 11:20.666 --> 11:22.900 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% that's up to God at that point. 11:23.000 --> 11:27.466 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% So if the cats stay that's really, really a good thing. 11:27.566 --> 11:30.633 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Sarah: That "adjustment" period gives them time to get used 11:30.733 --> 11:34.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% to the sights, sounds and smells of their new territory. 11:34.900 --> 11:37.333 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Peggt: We won't ever take a kitten because a kitten can be 11:37.433 --> 11:39.300 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% carried off by a hawk or an owl. 11:39.400 --> 11:42.566 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% The color of the cat is also a factor in some cases. 11:42.666 --> 11:46.566 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Cats are nocturnal so they're ging to be out hunting at night. 11:46.666 --> 11:50.366 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% A solid white cat is going to reflect moonlight 11:50.466 --> 11:55.433 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% and then it's going to be like a coyote magnet. 11:55.533 --> 11:58.400 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Sarah: Almost every weekend, Barn Cats will place about a 11:58.500 --> 12:02.466 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% half dozen cats in new locations in northeast Texas. 12:02.566 --> 12:07.333 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Today two feral cats began new jobs on Melissa Wilson's ranch. 12:07.433 --> 12:11.000 align:left position:15%,start line:77% size:75% Melissa: I have a bad rat problem out here so when that keeps the rats 12:11.100 --> 12:14.066 align:left position:22.5%,start line:5% size:67.5% from coming in the barn and eating the horse food 12:14.166 --> 12:16.066 align:left position:30%,start line:5% size:60% and actually, um, I've actually seen 12:16.166 --> 12:17.933 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% some of those rats, they're scary. 12:18.033 --> 12:21.733 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Peggy: Most of them really, really appreciate the cats and 12:21.833 --> 12:23.366 align:left position:17.5%,start line:89% size:72.5% they want them to be there. 12:23.466 --> 12:25.033 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% They don't want to put out poisons. 12:25.133 --> 12:28.366 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% They don't want their dogs or their children or whomever 12:28.466 --> 12:32.200 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% to get in poison and that is a very serious thing. 12:32.300 --> 12:35.000 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Sarah: The cat programs here, and across the country, 12:35.100 --> 12:38.666 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% strive to give feral animals a new chance at life. 12:38.766 --> 12:40.033 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% And for these cats... 12:40.133 --> 12:44.633 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% on farms and ranches, a home in the heartland. 12:44.733 --> 12:46.166 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Pam: And it just makes me feel so good when these cats are 12:46.266 --> 12:48.900 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% spayed and neutered put back out and you just see the 12:49.000 --> 12:53.200 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% males calm down and stop fighting and they just get 12:53.300 --> 12:55.566 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% relaxed and you know they have people that care for 12:55.666 --> 12:57.666 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% them and its just a wonderful feeling to know 12:57.766 --> 13:01.066 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% that you've saved their lives. 13:01.166 --> 13:04.566 align:left position:47.5%,start line:89% size:42.5% ♪♪♪ 13:04.666 --> 13:06.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Narr: Texas may make you think of cowboy hats, 13:06.866 --> 13:09.166 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% but Texas agriculture is responsible for many other 13:09.266 --> 13:11.700 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% things that make up your wardrobe. 13:11.800 --> 13:14.833 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Texas cattle provide leather hides for shoes. 13:14.933 --> 13:18.666 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% Texas cotton goes into shirts and blue jeans and wool 13:18.766 --> 13:23.033 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% from Texas Sheep is used in coats, suits, dresses and more. 13:23.133 --> 13:25.533 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Texas is a major supplier of all three 13:25.633 --> 13:27.866 align:left position:30%,start line:83% size:60% to markets in the U.S. and overseas. 13:27.966 --> 13:32.233 align:left position:47.5%,start line:89% size:42.5% ♪♪♪ 13:32.333 --> 13:34.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Sarah: Let's take another look at dogs that make their living 13:34.900 --> 13:36.566 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% in the world of agriculture. 13:36.666 --> 13:39.933 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% But this time we're not heading for a farm or ranch. 13:40.033 --> 13:42.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Jason Shoultz takes us to California where some very 13:42.500 --> 13:45.200 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% official canines play a significant role in 13:45.300 --> 13:48.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% protecting american agriculture and the food we eat. 13:48.666 --> 13:51.966 align:left position:47.5%,start line:83% size:42.5% ♪♪♪ 13:52.000 --> 13:54.300 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Jason: Every day, foreign invaders are trying 13:54.400 --> 13:57.633 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% to make entry into the United States. 13:57.733 --> 13:59.966 align:left position:40%,start line:89% size:50% By air... 14:00.066 --> 14:04.166 align:left position:30%,start line:89% size:60% and even by sea! 14:04.266 --> 14:05.233 align:left position:12.5%,start line:89% size:77.5% Marguerita: What you got Ross? 14:06.366 --> 14:08.766 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Jason: And working hard to stop them is officer Ross. 14:08.866 --> 14:10.600 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% And his handler from U.S. Customs 14:10.700 --> 14:13.366 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% and Border Protection, Marguerita Stetson. 14:13.466 --> 14:15.266 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% Marguerita: Good boy, Ross! 14:15.366 --> 14:17.133 align:left position:22.5%,start line:89% size:67.5% Good boy, right there! 14:17.233 --> 14:20.666 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Jason: Ross is on the hunt for bad bugs. 14:20.766 --> 14:23.166 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Nasty bugs and other invasive pests that hitch a ride 14:23.266 --> 14:25.766 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% to America on everything from shipments 14:25.866 --> 14:28.666 align:left position:10%,start line:89% size:80% of bean curd to clothes hangers. 14:28.766 --> 14:30.966 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% You're looking for what in here? 14:31.066 --> 14:34.433 align:left position:12.5%,start line:5% size:77.5% Marguerita: We're looking for any agricultural item of interest. 14:34.533 --> 14:38.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:5% size:77.5% Uh, basically we're looking for fruits, 14:38.233 --> 14:40.066 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% meats and plant material. 14:40.166 --> 14:43.333 align:left position:15%,start line:77% size:75% Jason: Each year, the U.S. imports upwards of two trillion dollars' 14:43.433 --> 14:46.600 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% worth of cargo from countries all around the world, 14:46.700 --> 14:50.233 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% a testament to our truly global economy. 14:50.333 --> 14:53.133 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% While inspecting everything for pests isn't practical- 14:53.233 --> 14:56.166 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% random samples of cargo and items that are deemed 14:56.266 --> 14:59.566 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% suspect end up getting close attention. 14:59.666 --> 15:02.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Ed: Agriculture is one of the things that drives America. 15:02.633 --> 15:05.900 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% Drives our economic engine and we can't afford to let a 15:06.000 --> 15:10.666 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% single pest come through that could affect that. 15:10.766 --> 15:13.533 align:left position:12.5%,start line:77% size:77.5% Jason: Walking through the warehouse is like visiting a global bazaar. 15:13.633 --> 15:15.600 align:left position:17.5%,start line:89% size:72.5% You've got Pakistani rice. 15:15.700 --> 15:20.500 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Mushrooms from China and even Tulip bulbs from New Zealand. 15:20.600 --> 15:22.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And one thing Customs and Border Protection knows, 15:22.900 --> 15:26.800 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% is pests can hitch a ride on any of them. 15:26.900 --> 15:29.066 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% Ed: In addition to our enforcement role, 15:29.166 --> 15:31.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% we also have to make sure that legitimate trade and travel 15:31.900 --> 15:36.466 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% moves through our borders and ports of entry quickly. 15:36.566 --> 15:39.733 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% So we look at a lot of different factors in 15:39.833 --> 15:43.666 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% deciding which shipments to actually physically inspect. 15:43.766 --> 15:45.533 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Jason: Among the most feared pests is something 15:45.633 --> 15:48.033 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% called the Khapra beetle. 15:48.133 --> 15:50.400 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% This nasty little bug is considered one of the 15:50.500 --> 15:53.000 align:left position:27.5%,start line:5% size:62.5% biggest dangers to agriculture. 15:53.100 --> 15:55.600 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% It's highly destructive to stored grain. 15:55.700 --> 16:00.333 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% When it first arrived on U.S. soil in California in 1953, 16:00.433 --> 16:05.400 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% it took 15 million dollars and 13 years to eradicate it. 16:05.500 --> 16:07.833 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% Recently the beetle has been found, again, 16:07.933 --> 16:09.866 align:left position:22.5%,start line:89% size:67.5% at other entry points. 16:09.966 --> 16:12.166 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% And that has officials concerned. 16:12.266 --> 16:14.166 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Inspectors here at the Port of Oakland know that 16:14.266 --> 16:16.500 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% the beetle likes to hide in cracks... 16:16.600 --> 16:19.433 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% so they search these cargo containers top to bottom. 16:19.533 --> 16:22.033 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% You find one or two Khapra beetles in these palettes, 16:22.133 --> 16:23.266 align:left position:35%,start line:89% size:55% what happens? 16:23.366 --> 16:24.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:5% size:77.5% Doug: This is all going back. 16:24.666 --> 16:25.633 align:left position:15%,start line:5% size:75% jason: It would all go back. 16:25.733 --> 16:26.600 align:left position:22.5%,start line:5% size:67.5% Doug: All going back! 16:26.700 --> 16:28.266 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% It's immediately resealed in the container 16:28.366 --> 16:30.966 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% and the importer or broker is notified 16:31.066 --> 16:36.633 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% and they schedule it out to back to the origin. 16:36.733 --> 16:39.433 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Jason: Even pieces of furniture get a closer look. 16:39.533 --> 16:41.533 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% When this inspector discovers the inside of this 16:41.633 --> 16:45.766 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% pillow is stuffed with rice straw - it gets flagged. 16:45.866 --> 16:52.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:5% size:77.5% After all - that Kahpra Beetle could be inside that straw! 16:52.400 --> 16:54.333 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% Preventing pests from entering our country 16:54.433 --> 16:56.366 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% also happens at airports! 16:56.466 --> 16:59.033 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% You'll find the beagle brigade nosing around luggage 16:59.133 --> 17:02.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% at Miami's International Airport looking for food items 17:02.766 --> 17:06.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% that can't be brought into the United States. 17:06.166 --> 17:08.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Marguerita: Good boy! That was really good! 17:08.900 --> 17:10.666 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Jason: Back at that warehouse in California, 17:10.766 --> 17:12.800 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% Ross has found something. 17:12.900 --> 17:15.100 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% And while he'll never know just how important he is 17:15.200 --> 17:18.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to agriculture, the pooch with a nose for nuisances 17:18.266 --> 17:20.833 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% is earning his treats today. 17:20.933 --> 17:22.100 align:left position:22.5%,start line:89% size:67.5% Marguerita: Good boy! 17:24.233 --> 17:27.166 align:left position:47.5%,start line:89% size:42.5% ♪♪♪ 17:27.266 --> 17:28.833 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Narr: The nose knows when it comes to 17:28.933 --> 17:33.733 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Customs and Border detection dogs and it's a tough test. 17:33.833 --> 17:36.633 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Only one out of 70 dogs is found to have the right 17:36.733 --> 17:40.466 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% skills to finish training for these important positions. 17:40.566 --> 17:42.800 align:left position:15%,start line:5% size:75% And while U.S. customs has a breeding program 17:42.900 --> 17:45.700 align:left position:27.5%,start line:5% size:62.5% for specific dogs, many are chosen from 17:45.800 --> 17:47.633 align:left position:27.5%,start line:5% size:62.5% animal shelters and rescue groups. 17:47.733 --> 17:50.133 align:left position:47.5%,start line:89% size:42.5% ♪♪♪ 17:50.233 --> 17:54.266 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Sarah: So stories about dogs, cats, pigs and zebras. 17:54.366 --> 17:56.666 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Well, let's take flight for our next one. 17:56.766 --> 17:59.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% It's all about some high flying owls who are helping 17:59.466 --> 18:02.233 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% farmers keep down the pest population. 18:02.333 --> 18:05.666 align:left position:47.5%,start line:89% size:42.5% ♪♪♪ 18:05.766 --> 18:08.033 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Sarah: Some might call it an "Old World" solution 18:08.133 --> 18:10.300 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% to a problem that impacts farms, orchards 18:10.400 --> 18:12.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% and vineyards all across the heartland. 18:13.066 --> 18:16.300 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Using natural predators, like the North American Barn Owl, 18:16.400 --> 18:19.700 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% to facilitate "Integrated Pest Management". 18:19.800 --> 18:22.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Chris: A true Integrated Pest Management program - IPM - 18:22.666 --> 18:26.300 align:left position:22.5%,start line:5% size:67.5% uses as many methods as possible to control a pest. 18:26.400 --> 18:28.600 align:left position:22.5%,start line:5% size:67.5% And so for years we've been using baits 18:28.700 --> 18:32.833 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% and poisons to kill pocket gophers. 18:32.933 --> 18:36.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And I decided that it was time to get off the- the 18:36.233 --> 18:41.766 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% pesticide treadmill and try and use something different. 18:41.866 --> 18:45.033 align:left position:17.5%,start line:77% size:72.5% Sarah: This study is being conducted in Northern California vineyards 18:45.133 --> 18:47.566 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% where rodents, such as gophers and voles, 18:47.666 --> 18:50.666 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% are making tasty treats out of vine roots. 18:50.766 --> 18:53.333 align:left position:17.5%,start line:77% size:72.5% Sandy: In this particular property we have limited topsoil, 18:53.433 --> 18:56.933 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% ah we we're growing smaller vines, higher end crops, 18:57.033 --> 18:59.900 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% so we need as much root as we can in the ground. 19:00.000 --> 19:02.200 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% So if a gopher comes by and starts feeding on these roots, 19:02.300 --> 19:05.566 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% that's you know it's limiting what that vine can pull up. 19:05.666 --> 19:09.200 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Mark: Hey kids, what's going on in there? 19:09.300 --> 19:12.133 align:left position:17.5%,start line:77% size:72.5% Sarah: Animal handler and researcher and Mark Browning is part of 19:12.233 --> 19:15.800 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% the barn owl program... seeing how many nocturnal raptors 19:15.900 --> 19:21.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% are necessary to eradicate the pests in a particular field. 19:22.066 --> 19:25.700 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Mark: The barn owl can be utilized in almost any crop. 19:25.800 --> 19:27.666 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% They're being utilized in almond orchards, 19:27.766 --> 19:31.200 align:left position:30%,start line:83% size:60% cherry orchards, pistachio, avocado. 19:31.300 --> 19:32.766 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% And that's California crops including, 19:32.866 --> 19:34.333 align:left position:17.5%,start line:89% size:72.5% of course, all the grapes. 19:34.433 --> 19:38.300 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% But something else is that barn owls are being used in 19:38.400 --> 19:41.933 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% sugar cane down in Florida because the barn owl will 19:42.033 --> 19:45.700 align:left position:15%,start line:5% size:75% center on the rodent that is most populous in its area. 19:45.800 --> 19:50.466 align:left position:47.5%,start line:89% size:42.5% ♪♪♪ 19:50.566 --> 19:52.500 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Sarah: To increase the owl population, 19:52.600 --> 19:55.333 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% Browning is installing nesting boxes he says are 19:55.433 --> 19:57.866 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% designed to attract the predator bird. 19:57.966 --> 19:59.733 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Mark: It has a hole that is just the right size 19:59.833 --> 20:01.866 align:left position:30%,start line:83% size:60% for a barn owl to get interested in. 20:01.966 --> 20:04.966 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% They like to go into a hole that is just small enough for 20:05.066 --> 20:07.300 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% them to squeeze into, but not large enough for something 20:07.400 --> 20:10.966 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% larger and more ferocious to come in and get them. 20:11.066 --> 20:13.566 align:left position:20%,start line:77% size:70% Sarah: Browning is being assisted by several wildlife students 20:13.666 --> 20:16.400 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% from the University of California at Davis 20:16.500 --> 20:20.866 align:left position:17.5%,start line:89% size:72.5% including Kymberly Sugano. 20:20.966 --> 20:24.500 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% One of Sugano's daily duties is to keep track of the dirt mounds 20:24.600 --> 20:28.533 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% that may reappear following a night of owl activity. 20:28.633 --> 20:32.366 align:left position:10%,start line:5% size:80% Kymberly: What we do is, we see mounds and we tap them down 20:32.466 --> 20:34.533 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% and then come back two days later in order to see 20:34.633 --> 20:36.366 align:left position:20%,start line:5% size:70% whether or not there has been any change. 20:36.466 --> 20:39.200 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% And we set up nest boxes in order to see whether or not 20:39.300 --> 20:46.233 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% we can get more barn owls into the study site. 20:46.333 --> 20:49.300 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Mark: Remember to hold so that you don't get messed on, okay? 20:49.400 --> 20:52.566 align:left position:10%,start line:77% size:80% Sarah: Another job is to assist in the monthly census count of owl 20:52.666 --> 20:57.066 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% chicks to ensure the population is healthy and increasing. 20:57.166 --> 21:01.433 align:left position:17.5%,start line:77% size:72.5% Mark: These guys are just starting to get their facial discs in. 21:01.533 --> 21:05.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Barn owls have these, uh, concave facial discs 21:05.733 --> 21:07.733 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% created by feathers. 21:07.833 --> 21:10.433 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% And uh that's one of the reasons why barn owls have 21:10.533 --> 21:13.900 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% some of the best hearing in the bird world, 21:14.000 --> 21:16.666 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% which is already extremely good amongst owls. 21:16.766 --> 21:20.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Barn owls have some of the best hearing among the owl families. 21:20.133 --> 21:23.966 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% And, uh, these guys, well, their starting to get some 21:24.066 --> 21:27.333 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% flight feathers in, like Jillian's got one right here. 21:27.433 --> 21:30.633 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% These guys are coming in, these are flight feathers. 21:30.733 --> 21:35.233 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% And I would say they're about two or three weeks away 21:35.333 --> 21:37.166 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% from being able just to fly right out 21:37.266 --> 21:41.233 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% and become adult barn owls themselves. 21:41.333 --> 21:43.700 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Sarah: Vintners say the use of barn owls in the region for 21:43.800 --> 21:46.266 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% pest control is nothing new. 21:46.366 --> 21:50.133 align:left position:10%,start line:5% size:80% Craig: We've had barn owl boxes up for probably 10 to 15 years now. 21:50.233 --> 21:54.566 align:left position:17.5%,start line:5% size:72.5% Um, but, in this, with this many and isolated in 21:54.666 --> 21:57.466 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% specific spots like this, we've never had this many. 21:57.566 --> 22:00.166 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% And we've typically had one for probably 22:00.266 --> 22:01.766 align:left position:20%,start line:89% size:70% for 40 acres or 30 acres. 22:01.866 --> 22:05.066 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Now we're looking at 25 in a hundred-acre block. 22:05.166 --> 22:07.133 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% Sarah: Browning's research is validating the need to 22:07.233 --> 22:10.366 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% increase the population of the raptor. 22:10.466 --> 22:11.900 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Sandy: So, if you've got a researcher in place that can 22:12.000 --> 22:15.700 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% take the time to measure that impact and determine, 22:15.800 --> 22:18.933 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% how many boxes do we need in a given acreage, 22:19.033 --> 22:21.466 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% where do we need to locate them for the best effect, 22:21.566 --> 22:24.033 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% how often do we need to clean them, 22:24.133 --> 22:26.933 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% all those types of things, that's wonderful. 22:27.033 --> 22:29.400 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Craig: If we can come across where you know we need to put, 22:29.500 --> 22:32.233 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% um, you know, five per twenty acres, 22:32.333 --> 22:33.666 align:left position:27.5%,start line:83% size:62.5% we'll put five per twenty acres. 22:33.766 --> 22:36.900 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Yes, there's an expense to that, but you collect that money back 22:37.000 --> 22:40.566 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% by not having to send a tractor through the field leaving 22:40.666 --> 22:43.366 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% little bait behind in burrows for these gophers 22:43.466 --> 22:48.866 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% to take back to their own burrow and die. 22:48.966 --> 22:51.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Sarah: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is also keeping 22:51.466 --> 22:54.633 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% "an eye" on the research since the agency advocates the 22:54.733 --> 22:57.433 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% use of natural pesticide methods. 22:57.533 --> 23:02.833 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Sonce: The more we can encourage people to restore as much 23:02.933 --> 23:06.266 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% as possible a natural environment where Mother Nature 23:06.366 --> 23:10.800 align:left position:15%,start line:5% size:75% keeps things in check, rather than using chemicals to keep 23:10.900 --> 23:14.333 align:left position:15%,start line:5% size:75% pests in check, that's simply good for all of us. 23:14.433 --> 23:16.866 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% And basically that's what the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 23:16.966 --> 23:20.833 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% is concerned with is encouraging a more natural 23:20.933 --> 23:30.100 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% world there a lot of species can survive and thrive. 23:30.200 --> 23:32.966 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% As night begins to fall, the nocturnal owls begin 23:33.066 --> 23:35.466 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% to take flight in search of their prey. 23:35.566 --> 23:39.966 align:left position:12.5%,start line:77% size:77.5% Mark: Barn owls happen to be extremely well adapted to this job. 23:40.066 --> 23:42.666 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% They are attracted to nest boxes. 23:42.766 --> 23:45.400 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% That means you can attract them to a farm. 23:45.500 --> 23:47.500 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% They don't mind each other's company. 23:47.600 --> 23:50.566 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% So that also means that you can have a lot of them 23:50.666 --> 23:52.033 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% and they're not gonna fight. 23:52.133 --> 23:55.466 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% They tolerate human presence, and they eat a large number 23:55.566 --> 23:57.333 align:left position:25%,start line:83% size:65% of rodents, and have lots of babies. 23:57.433 --> 24:00.566 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% So, you actually have a predator that's extremely 24:00.666 --> 24:03.300 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% well suited for an IPM program. 24:03.400 --> 24:08.166 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% And I think that in the end the result will be a greater 24:08.266 --> 24:11.100 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% interest in utilizing barn owls for rodent control. 24:11.200 --> 24:14.800 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% And various farmers around the country are starting to 24:14.900 --> 24:18.400 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% realize that you can use this animal to reduce the 24:18.500 --> 24:21.133 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% use of poisons and other invasive methods. 24:21.233 --> 24:24.166 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Sarah: As for the growers, they feel the use of barn owls 24:24.266 --> 24:26.500 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% will allow them to provide a more environmentally 24:26.600 --> 24:30.633 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% friendly and cost efficient product for the consumer. 24:30.733 --> 24:33.600 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% Chris: They can see that the product they're purchasing, um, 24:33.700 --> 24:38.100 align:left position:15%,start line:83% size:75% is safer for the environment, is better for the grower 24:38.200 --> 24:40.033 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% because the grower is making a little bit more money, 24:40.133 --> 24:42.066 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% and potentially the price of the product 24:42.166 --> 24:43.600 align:left position:15%,start line:89% size:75% that they're buying is lower. 24:43.700 --> 24:47.466 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Sandy: When you see an owl flying around at dusk starting 24:47.566 --> 24:52.366 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% to hunt for the night, it's one of the neatest sights I think 24:52.466 --> 24:56.733 align:left position:22.5%,start line:83% size:67.5% that I've ever had the opportunity to experience. 24:56.833 --> 24:58.800 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% Working in these properties I get to see a lot of 24:58.900 --> 25:01.933 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% wildlife interact with our farming operation. 25:02.033 --> 25:05.066 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% And knowing that the owl is out there taking care of one 25:05.166 --> 25:10.366 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% last thing that I have to worry about is a great thing. 25:10.466 --> 25:13.000 align:left position:10%,start line:83% size:80% Sarah: Lots of feathers and fur on the show this week. 25:13.100 --> 25:14.066 align:left position:25%,start line:89% size:65% Hope you enjoyed it. 25:14.166 --> 25:15.733 align:left position:20%,start line:83% size:70% Remember that if you want more information on 25:15.833 --> 25:17.566 align:left position:17.5%,start line:83% size:72.5% America's Heartland or just want to see some 25:17.666 --> 25:20.766 align:left position:12.5%,start line:83% size:77.5% of our programs 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