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Narr: America's Heartland is 
made possible by...

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CropLife America. 
And it's member companies

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and associations in the 
crop protection industry

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including:

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Farm Credit - 
financing agriculture

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and rural America since 1916.

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Farm Credit is 
cooperatively owned

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by America's farmers 
and ranchers.

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Learn more at 
farmcredit.com.

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Hi, I'm Sarah Gardner.

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If you're an animal lover, 
I think you're going to like

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this episode of 
America's Heartland.

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We're gonna share some fun with 
our feathered and furry friends.

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Some animals with 
particular talents.

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We'll take you to California 
where some high flying owls

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are helping farmers keep 
down the pest population.

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You'll meet some very 
skillful dogs in Nebraska.

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Working dogs to handle 
sheep and cattle.

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We depend on inspections to 
keep our food supplies safe

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when it comes to products 
from overseas.

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You'll see how U.S. customs 
is using

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highly trained dogs 
to do the job.

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And these Texas felines are 
taking on a new role in life.

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Heading for the country to 
become "Barn Cats"!

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It's all coming up on 
America's Heartland.

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♪You can see it in the eyes 
Of every woman and man♪

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♪In America's Heartland 
living close to the land♪

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♪There's a love for the country 
And a pride in the brand♪

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♪In America's Heartland♪

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♪Living close 
Close to the land♪

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♪♪♪

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It will come as no surprise that 
we love our animals.

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My dog Mustache here is an 
important part of our family.

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And think about these numbers: 
It's estimated that there are

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some 83 million dogs in the U.S. 
and some 95 million cats.

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Both animals play a role in 
helping out farmers and ranchers

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but those are far from the only 
animals you'll find

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in rural America.

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You may remember, we introduced 
you to a Utah rancher

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who sold zebras to those wanting 
something "unusual"

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around the homestead.

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Many FFA and 4-H members 
have pet sheep as projects.

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And even some suburban and 
urban homeowners are joining

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farmers in raising chickens 
these days.

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For some, it's a focus on 
organic, for others,

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it's simply some fresh eggs 
very close to home!

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Speaking of poultry, we 
found a man in Iowa whose geese

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were a popular part of 
his town's annual parade.

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And let's not forget our 
porcine friends.

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How about Irene the 
potbellied pig who loves to

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pick up fallen apples on the 
family farm in Oregon.

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On many farms and ranches, 
the family dog

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is much more than just a pet.

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In some instances, our 
canine companions are

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critical to the work that 
needs to be done.

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Rob Stewart takes you to 
Nebraska and a school

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turning out "working dogs" 
for sheep and cattle ranches.

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♪♪♪

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Rob: They're hopping...

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Huffing...

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And herding!

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John: Lie down, lie down!

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I'm John Holman, and I'm a 
Nebraska Stock Dog Trainer.

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Rob: Welcome to Clay Center, 
Nebraska where John Holman

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runs Dog 4 Ewe border 
collie training.

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Here - he's training dogs to 
herd sheep and cattle.

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Today's classroom is the 
pasture...

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and it's drooling 
with dogs!

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Meet Mick, Lee...

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Sweet Savy...

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...and Pete, today's new 
pup of the pack.

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But the top dog today... 
is Mick,

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just panting for John's 
canine commands.

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John: Steady, Mick. Walk up, 
walk up. Good boy.

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Away to me.

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Bringing my sheep in.

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Rob: What were those commands 
and what do they mean?

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John: Alright.

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I send him out to the right 
first or what we say

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counterclockwise around the 
sheep, that's an "away to me"

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Rob: Away to me.

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John: Clockwise around the 
livestock is a "go by."

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Rob: Go by.

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John: "Take time" means to slow 
down, "walk up" means stop.

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Usually it means he's been 
running around the stock to

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get into the right position, 
and then I say "there"

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"walk up" mean come straight to 
your livestock so that they

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can move the stock off in 
the right direction.

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Rob: All across the heartland, 
working dogs are used to

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move sheep, cattle and goats 
in that "right direction."

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Those skills come from training 
and a dog's natural instinct.

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John: Ok Mick, walk up.

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Rob: These collies are natural 
herders and they're

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eager to please their owners.

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John: "alright, lie down".

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Rob: But, they must be taught to 
move the sheep,

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instead of keeping them 
penned up.

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And so we see Mick here with 
the sheep in front of him, and

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Mick is just moving them from 
pasture to pasture, like that.

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John: Sure, sure.

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He has total control of this 
livestock.

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You know, I- I tell him where 
I want them, he puts them there.

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If I really want to get 
specific, you know,

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I can tell him how to do it 
but most times I don't have to.

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Rob: And they obey him 
unbelievably.

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John: You know, I got caught 
without a dog this morning.

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I was just on my way to work 
and I stopped by here and tried

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to do something without the 
dog- it is so frustrating.

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It's so- they really do put you 
in control of your livestock.

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Rob: That's why farmers and 
ranchers depend on stock dogs 
nationwide.

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John: Low stress livestock, 
work, and handling.

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The dogs take the 
sheep out to graze or

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the cattle from one 
pasture to another.

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There, you know it all works in 
to the stewardship of the land.

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Alright Lee, come here.

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Here, get in here, 
away to me.

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Rob: John Holman tells farmers 
that dogs moving sheep and

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cattle can save time and 
money on the range.

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John: Absolutely.

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In fact, if you're talking 
about mounted cowboys and stuff,

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they'll take the place of two 
guys on horseback..

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Rob: Really...

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John: That know what they're 
doing.

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They can go places that 
the horses can't get,

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under brush and into stuff 
where maybe the cattle just

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plow in to be obnoxious, 
you know, they can get in there

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and get a hold of the cow by the 
heel or by the nose and

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bring him out where he can get 
control of him again.

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Rob: Talk about a power tool.

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John: It's the power tool, 
it's kind of a power trip

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when you get good at it.

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Rob: The power trip is exactly 
why Amy Novak

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is here with her dog, Honey.

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Amy: Lie down, lie down.

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John: Good Job!

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That's a good move Amy, 
step in front like that.

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Rob: John usually works with 
farmers and ranchers to

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train their border collies... 
but Amy's here to

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get away from her busy 
professional life.

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Amy: It's a thrill!

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It's a rush!

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An adrenaline rush.

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And until you ever do it, 
you don't understand it.

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John: Step into her a little 
bit.

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Keep her calm.

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Amy: It's a treat.

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It's, it's something it's 
my- my time away,

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my therapy, to get away and 
come with the stock and with

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the dogs, do something that 
I enjoy and, uh, just to get

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away from my normal, 
everyday life.

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John: Pete, you ready to go? 
C'mon Pete.

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Rob: Pete is a farm dog... and 
just arrived to learn John's 
skills,

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before returning to the 
ranch to help his owners herd.

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John: He's got some pretty good 
breeding.

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I saw his registration 
papers...

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and so I'm kind of 
excited to see what he'll do.

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Rob: John teaches Pete using his 
tone of voice and body

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language to direct where he 
wants Pete to send the sheep.

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John can tell if the dog 
is ready.

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John: When I first take a dog 
out to stock.

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First I want to see if he's 
interested, which he's already

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showing me I, you know, a little 
bit of interest.

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I want him to know that 
I'm going to be

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in control of what we're doing.

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I kind of control the pace 
of this whole thing.

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And that I'm gonna... see 
he's eyeballing 'em already,

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dancing around a little.

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Trying to balance on 'em.

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That's all good signs.

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He's got concentration and 
we like that.

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Rob: John says Pete's a natural.

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National and local awards 
for his prize dogs

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line John's home office.

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And the dogs aren't the only 
ones enjoying the competition.

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John: I do really love it.

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I can't hardly even describe 
the feeling.

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When things work well and 
you get the job done so well.

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Whether it's a job at home 
or a trial at competition I

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go to and we ace a course and we 
get around there just great.

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It is like the top of the 
world kind of a feeling to

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know that you have a partner 
out there who's ready to go

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rain or shine or blizzards 
or heat or whatever.

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He's right there or she's 
right there the instant

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you call 'em in the morning and 
they're busy all day long

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if you want them to be.

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Good boy.

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Narr: Great senses of sight, 
smell and hearing

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help our canine companions do 
their jobs...

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on the farm and off.

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It's estimated that dogs 
can hear

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four times better than 
humans;

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their night vision is five times 
better and their sense of smell

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is more than 40 times sharper 
than our noses.

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Sarah: You know, it's great when 
a program to benefit animals

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can also help to meet a need 
that exists in the heartland.

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We're all aware that 
feral cats pose

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a real problem in many 
communities.

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One solution is an idea 
that's taken off in several

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places including a community 
in the Lone Star State.

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It's a plan that finds new 
homes for our feline friends-

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down on the farm.

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♪♪♪

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Pam: The word feral means 
wild and undomesticated.

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Uh, they're very untrusting 
of humans which is what

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helps them to survive a lot 
of times in the wild.

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Sarah: Pam Asturias is a 
hometown hero to many in the 
Dallas area.

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She devotes much of her time to 
a program called "Feral Friends"

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These cats, um, 
I always feel like they

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don't have anybody to 
speak for them.

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I love all animals.

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The feral cats, I mean you can't 
pick 'em up and cuddle them,

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uh, they deserve a chance just 
like anybody else.

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I mean they can't help their 
situation, um, they were born

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here or dumped outside and 
they do the best they can.

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Sarah: Rather than euthanize, 
Feral Friends traps, spays and 
neuters

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the animals then returns the 
cats to their feral territory.

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Pam: If the cats cannot go back 
to a situation if a building's

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being torn down, if somebody is 
shooting the cats,

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poisoning them, then 
our group turns to a group

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called Barn Cats 
Incorporated.

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Peggy: Farmers need these cats, 
uh, they're working cats.

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Sarah: Peggy Atkerson directs 
Barn Cats, Incorporated.

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Working with Pam and her 
group, they strive to find

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better life options for these 
wild felines.

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>>Come here, Sammy.

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Sarah: Begun in 2003, Barn Cats 
relocates feral animals

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across North Texas.

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Placing them on farms 
and ranches.

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They can catch the rats 
and the mice,

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y'know, control that in their 
particular barn or shed

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or warehouse, whatever it 
happens to be.

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And... take care of, uh, of a- 
of a whole set of problems.

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Um, snakes are looking for rats 
and mice,

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so no rats and mice, no snakes.

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Sarah: "Barn Cats" will shelter 
some 40 animals at any given 
time.

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After being received from 
groups like "Feral Friends",

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they're moved to farm and 
ranch locations

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and sheltered there, in cages, 
for at least two weeks.

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Peggy: At the end of two weeks, 
they leave those doors open

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00:11:18,166 --> 00:11:20,566
to the cage and the cat then 
is on their own and we say

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00:11:20,666 --> 00:11:22,900
that's up to God at 
that point.

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00:11:23,000 --> 00:11:27,466
So if the cats stay that's 
really, really a good thing.

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00:11:27,566 --> 00:11:30,633
Sarah: That "adjustment" period 
gives them time to get used

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00:11:30,733 --> 00:11:34,800
to the sights, sounds and 
smells of their new territory.

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00:11:34,900 --> 00:11:37,333
Peggt: We won't ever take a 
kitten because a kitten can be

246
00:11:37,433 --> 00:11:39,300
carried off by a hawk 
or an owl.

247
00:11:39,400 --> 00:11:42,566
The color of the cat is also 
a factor in some cases.

248
00:11:42,666 --> 00:11:46,566
Cats are nocturnal so they're 
ging to be out hunting at night.

249
00:11:46,666 --> 00:11:50,366
A solid white cat is going 
to reflect moonlight

250
00:11:50,466 --> 00:11:55,433
and then it's going to 
be like a coyote magnet.

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00:11:55,533 --> 00:11:58,400
Sarah: Almost every weekend, 
Barn Cats will place about a

252
00:11:58,500 --> 00:12:02,466
half dozen cats in new locations 
in northeast Texas.

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00:12:02,566 --> 00:12:07,333
Today two feral cats began new 
jobs on Melissa Wilson's ranch.

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00:12:07,433 --> 00:12:11,000
Melissa: I have a bad rat 
problem out here so when that 
keeps the rats

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00:12:11,100 --> 00:12:14,066
from coming in the barn 
and eating the horse food

256
00:12:14,166 --> 00:12:16,066
and actually, um, 
I've actually seen

257
00:12:16,166 --> 00:12:17,933
some of those rats, 
they're scary.

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00:12:18,033 --> 00:12:21,733
Peggy: Most of them really, 
really appreciate the cats and

259
00:12:21,833 --> 00:12:23,366
they want them to be there.

260
00:12:23,466 --> 00:12:25,033
They don't want to put 
out poisons.

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00:12:25,133 --> 00:12:28,366
They don't want their dogs 
or their children or whomever

262
00:12:28,466 --> 00:12:32,200
to get in poison and that is 
a very serious thing.

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00:12:32,300 --> 00:12:35,000
Sarah: The cat programs here, 
and across the country,

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00:12:35,100 --> 00:12:38,666
strive to give feral animals a 
new chance at life.

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00:12:38,766 --> 00:12:40,033
And for these cats...

266
00:12:40,133 --> 00:12:44,633
on farms and ranches, 
a home in the heartland.

267
00:12:44,733 --> 00:12:46,166
Pam: And it just makes me feel 
so good when these cats are

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00:12:46,266 --> 00:12:48,900
spayed and neutered put back 
out and you just see the

269
00:12:49,000 --> 00:12:53,200
males calm down and stop 
fighting and they just get

270
00:12:53,300 --> 00:12:55,566
relaxed and you know they 
have people that care for

271
00:12:55,666 --> 00:12:57,666
them and its just a 
wonderful feeling to know

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00:12:57,766 --> 00:13:01,066
that you've saved their 
lives.

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♪♪♪

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00:13:04,666 --> 00:13:06,766
Narr: Texas may make you think 
of cowboy hats,

275
00:13:06,866 --> 00:13:09,166
but Texas agriculture is 
responsible for many other

276
00:13:09,266 --> 00:13:11,700
things that make up your 
wardrobe.

277
00:13:11,800 --> 00:13:14,833
Texas cattle provide leather 
hides for shoes.

278
00:13:14,933 --> 00:13:18,666
Texas cotton goes into 
shirts and blue jeans and wool

279
00:13:18,766 --> 00:13:23,033
from Texas Sheep is used in 
coats, suits, dresses and more.

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00:13:23,133 --> 00:13:25,533
Texas is a major supplier 
of all three

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00:13:25,633 --> 00:13:27,866
to markets in the 
U.S. and overseas.

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00:13:27,966 --> 00:13:32,233
♪♪♪

283
00:13:32,333 --> 00:13:34,800
Sarah: Let's take another look 
at dogs that make their living

284
00:13:34,900 --> 00:13:36,566
in the world of agriculture.

285
00:13:36,666 --> 00:13:39,933
But this time we're not 
heading for a farm or ranch.

286
00:13:40,033 --> 00:13:42,400
Jason Shoultz takes us to 
California where some very

287
00:13:42,500 --> 00:13:45,200
official canines play a 
significant role in

288
00:13:45,300 --> 00:13:48,633
protecting american agriculture 
and the food we eat.

289
00:13:48,666 --> 00:13:51,966
♪♪♪

290
00:13:52,000 --> 00:13:54,300
Jason: Every day, foreign 
invaders are trying

291
00:13:54,400 --> 00:13:57,633
to make entry into the 
United States.

292
00:13:57,733 --> 00:13:59,966
By air...

293
00:14:00,066 --> 00:14:04,166
and even by sea!

294
00:14:04,266 --> 00:14:05,233
Marguerita: What you got Ross?

295
00:14:06,366 --> 00:14:08,766
Jason: And working hard to stop 
them is officer Ross.

296
00:14:08,866 --> 00:14:10,600
And his handler from 
U.S. Customs

297
00:14:10,700 --> 00:14:13,366
and Border Protection, 
Marguerita Stetson.

298
00:14:13,466 --> 00:14:15,266
Marguerita: Good boy, Ross!

299
00:14:15,366 --> 00:14:17,133
Good boy, right there!

300
00:14:17,233 --> 00:14:20,666
Jason: Ross is on the hunt 
for bad bugs.

301
00:14:20,766 --> 00:14:23,166
Nasty bugs and other invasive 
pests that hitch a ride

302
00:14:23,266 --> 00:14:25,766
to America on everything 
from shipments

303
00:14:25,866 --> 00:14:28,666
of bean curd to clothes hangers.

304
00:14:28,766 --> 00:14:30,966
You're looking for 
what in here?

305
00:14:31,066 --> 00:14:34,433
Marguerita: We're looking for 
any agricultural item of 
interest.

306
00:14:34,533 --> 00:14:38,133
Uh, basically we're looking for 
fruits,

307
00:14:38,233 --> 00:14:40,066
meats and plant material.

308
00:14:40,166 --> 00:14:43,333
Jason: Each year, the U.S. 
imports upwards of two trillion 
dollars'

309
00:14:43,433 --> 00:14:46,600
worth of cargo from countries 
all around the world,

310
00:14:46,700 --> 00:14:50,233
a testament to our 
truly global economy.

311
00:14:50,333 --> 00:14:53,133
While inspecting everything 
for pests isn't practical-

312
00:14:53,233 --> 00:14:56,166
random samples of cargo and 
items that are deemed

313
00:14:56,266 --> 00:14:59,566
suspect end up getting 
close attention.

314
00:14:59,666 --> 00:15:02,533
Ed: Agriculture is one of the 
things that drives America.

315
00:15:02,633 --> 00:15:05,900
Drives our economic engine 
and we can't afford to let a

316
00:15:06,000 --> 00:15:10,666
single pest come through 
that could affect that.

317
00:15:10,766 --> 00:15:13,533
Jason: Walking through the 
warehouse is like visiting a 
global bazaar.

318
00:15:13,633 --> 00:15:15,600
You've got Pakistani rice.

319
00:15:15,700 --> 00:15:20,500
Mushrooms from China and even 
Tulip bulbs from New Zealand.

320
00:15:20,600 --> 00:15:22,800
And one thing Customs and 
Border Protection knows,

321
00:15:22,900 --> 00:15:26,800
is pests can hitch a ride 
on any of them.

322
00:15:26,900 --> 00:15:29,066
Ed: In addition to our 
enforcement role,

323
00:15:29,166 --> 00:15:31,800
we also have to make sure that 
legitimate trade and travel

324
00:15:31,900 --> 00:15:36,466
moves through our borders 
and ports of entry quickly.

325
00:15:36,566 --> 00:15:39,733
So we look at a lot of 
different factors in

326
00:15:39,833 --> 00:15:43,666
deciding which shipments to 
actually physically inspect.

327
00:15:43,766 --> 00:15:45,533
Jason: Among the most feared 
pests is something

328
00:15:45,633 --> 00:15:48,033
called the Khapra beetle.

329
00:15:48,133 --> 00:15:50,400
This nasty little bug is 
considered one of the

330
00:15:50,500 --> 00:15:53,000
biggest dangers to 
agriculture.

331
00:15:53,100 --> 00:15:55,600
It's highly destructive to 
stored grain.

332
00:15:55,700 --> 00:16:00,333
When it first arrived on U.S. 
soil in California in 1953,

333
00:16:00,433 --> 00:16:05,400
it took 15 million dollars 
and 13 years to eradicate it.

334
00:16:05,500 --> 00:16:07,833
Recently the beetle 
has been found, again,

335
00:16:07,933 --> 00:16:09,866
at other entry points.

336
00:16:09,966 --> 00:16:12,166
And that has officials 
concerned.

337
00:16:12,266 --> 00:16:14,166
Inspectors here at the Port 
of Oakland know that

338
00:16:14,266 --> 00:16:16,500
the beetle likes to 
hide in cracks...

339
00:16:16,600 --> 00:16:19,433
so they search these cargo 
containers top to bottom.

340
00:16:19,533 --> 00:16:22,033
You find one or two Khapra 
beetles in these palettes,

341
00:16:22,133 --> 00:16:23,266
what happens?

342
00:16:23,366 --> 00:16:24,566
Doug: This is all going back.

343
00:16:24,666 --> 00:16:25,633
jason: It would all go back.

344
00:16:25,733 --> 00:16:26,600
Doug: All going back!

345
00:16:26,700 --> 00:16:28,266
It's immediately resealed 
in the container

346
00:16:28,366 --> 00:16:30,966
and the importer or broker 
is notified

347
00:16:31,066 --> 00:16:36,633
and they schedule it out to 
back to the origin.

348
00:16:36,733 --> 00:16:39,433
Jason: Even pieces of furniture 
get a closer look.

349
00:16:39,533 --> 00:16:41,533
When this inspector discovers 
the inside of this

350
00:16:41,633 --> 00:16:45,766
pillow is stuffed with rice 
straw - it gets flagged.

351
00:16:45,866 --> 00:16:52,300
After all - that Kahpra Beetle 
could be inside that straw!

352
00:16:52,400 --> 00:16:54,333
Preventing pests from 
entering our country

353
00:16:54,433 --> 00:16:56,366
also happens at airports!

354
00:16:56,466 --> 00:16:59,033
You'll find the beagle 
brigade nosing around luggage

355
00:16:59,133 --> 00:17:02,666
at Miami's International Airport 
looking for food items

356
00:17:02,766 --> 00:17:06,066
that can't be brought into the 
United States.

357
00:17:06,166 --> 00:17:08,800
Marguerita: Good boy! That was 
really good!

358
00:17:08,900 --> 00:17:10,666
Jason: Back at that warehouse in 
California,

359
00:17:10,766 --> 00:17:12,800
Ross has found something.

360
00:17:12,900 --> 00:17:15,100
And while he'll never know 
just how important he is

361
00:17:15,200 --> 00:17:18,166
to agriculture, the pooch with a 
nose for nuisances

362
00:17:18,266 --> 00:17:20,833
is earning his treats today.

363
00:17:20,933 --> 00:17:22,100
Marguerita: Good boy!

364
00:17:24,233 --> 00:17:27,166
♪♪♪

365
00:17:27,266 --> 00:17:28,833
Narr: The nose knows when it 
comes to

366
00:17:28,933 --> 00:17:33,733
Customs and Border detection 
dogs and it's a tough test.

367
00:17:33,833 --> 00:17:36,633
Only one out of 70 dogs is 
found to have the right

368
00:17:36,733 --> 00:17:40,466
skills to finish training 
for these important positions.

369
00:17:40,566 --> 00:17:42,800
And while U.S. customs has a 
breeding program

370
00:17:42,900 --> 00:17:45,700
for specific dogs, 
many are chosen from

371
00:17:45,800 --> 00:17:47,633
animal shelters and 
rescue groups.

372
00:17:47,733 --> 00:17:50,133
♪♪♪

373
00:17:50,233 --> 00:17:54,266
Sarah: So stories about dogs, 
cats, pigs and zebras.

374
00:17:54,366 --> 00:17:56,666
Well, let's take flight for 
our next one.

375
00:17:56,766 --> 00:17:59,366
It's all about some high 
flying owls who are helping

376
00:17:59,466 --> 00:18:02,233
farmers keep down the pest 
population.

377
00:18:02,333 --> 00:18:05,666
♪♪♪

378
00:18:05,766 --> 00:18:08,033
Sarah: Some might call it an 
"Old World" solution

379
00:18:08,133 --> 00:18:10,300
to a problem that impacts 
farms, orchards

380
00:18:10,400 --> 00:18:12,966
and vineyards all across 
the heartland.

381
00:18:13,066 --> 00:18:16,300
Using natural predators, like 
the North American Barn Owl,

382
00:18:16,400 --> 00:18:19,700
to facilitate "Integrated 
Pest Management".

383
00:18:19,800 --> 00:18:22,566
Chris: A true Integrated Pest 
Management program - IPM -

384
00:18:22,666 --> 00:18:26,300
uses as many methods as 
possible to control a pest.

385
00:18:26,400 --> 00:18:28,600
And so for years we've 
been using baits

386
00:18:28,700 --> 00:18:32,833
and poisons to kill 
pocket gophers.

387
00:18:32,933 --> 00:18:36,133
And I decided that it was 
time to get off the- the

388
00:18:36,233 --> 00:18:41,766
pesticide treadmill and try 
and use something different.

389
00:18:41,866 --> 00:18:45,033
Sarah: This study is being 
conducted in Northern California 
vineyards

390
00:18:45,133 --> 00:18:47,566
where rodents, such as 
gophers and voles,

391
00:18:47,666 --> 00:18:50,666
are making tasty treats 
out of vine roots.

392
00:18:50,766 --> 00:18:53,333
Sandy: In this particular 
property we have limited 
topsoil,

393
00:18:53,433 --> 00:18:56,933
ah we we're growing smaller 
vines, higher end crops,

394
00:18:57,033 --> 00:18:59,900
so we need as much root as 
we can in the ground.

395
00:19:00,000 --> 00:19:02,200
So if a gopher comes by and 
starts feeding on these roots,

396
00:19:02,300 --> 00:19:05,566
that's you know it's limiting 
what that vine can pull up.

397
00:19:05,666 --> 00:19:09,200
Mark: Hey kids, what's going 
on in there?

398
00:19:09,300 --> 00:19:12,133
Sarah: Animal handler and 
researcher and Mark Browning is 
part of

399
00:19:12,233 --> 00:19:15,800
the barn owl program... seeing 
how many nocturnal raptors

400
00:19:15,900 --> 00:19:21,966
are necessary to eradicate the 
pests in a particular field.

401
00:19:22,066 --> 00:19:25,700
Mark: The barn owl can be 
utilized in almost any crop.

402
00:19:25,800 --> 00:19:27,666
They're being utilized in 
almond orchards,

403
00:19:27,766 --> 00:19:31,200
cherry orchards, 
pistachio, avocado.

404
00:19:31,300 --> 00:19:32,766
And that's California 
crops including,

405
00:19:32,866 --> 00:19:34,333
of course, all the grapes.

406
00:19:34,433 --> 00:19:38,300
But something else is that 
barn owls are being used in

407
00:19:38,400 --> 00:19:41,933
sugar cane down in Florida 
because the barn owl will

408
00:19:42,033 --> 00:19:45,700
center on the rodent that is 
most populous in its area.

409
00:19:45,800 --> 00:19:50,466
♪♪♪

410
00:19:50,566 --> 00:19:52,500
Sarah: To increase the owl 
population,

411
00:19:52,600 --> 00:19:55,333
Browning is installing 
nesting boxes he says are

412
00:19:55,433 --> 00:19:57,866
designed to attract the 
predator bird.

413
00:19:57,966 --> 00:19:59,733
Mark: It has a hole that is 
just the right size

414
00:19:59,833 --> 00:20:01,866
for a barn owl to 
get interested in.

415
00:20:01,966 --> 00:20:04,966
They like to go into a hole 
that is just small enough for

416
00:20:05,066 --> 00:20:07,300
them to squeeze into, but not 
large enough for something

417
00:20:07,400 --> 00:20:10,966
larger and more ferocious 
to come in and get them.

418
00:20:11,066 --> 00:20:13,566
Sarah: Browning is being 
assisted by several wildlife 
students

419
00:20:13,666 --> 00:20:16,400
from the University of 
California at Davis

420
00:20:16,500 --> 00:20:20,866
including Kymberly Sugano.

421
00:20:20,966 --> 00:20:24,500
One of Sugano's daily duties is 
to keep track of the dirt mounds

422
00:20:24,600 --> 00:20:28,533
that may reappear following a 
night of owl activity.

423
00:20:28,633 --> 00:20:32,366
Kymberly: What we do is, we see 
mounds and we tap them down

424
00:20:32,466 --> 00:20:34,533
and then come back two days 
later in order to see

425
00:20:34,633 --> 00:20:36,366
whether or not there has 
been any change.

426
00:20:36,466 --> 00:20:39,200
And we set up nest boxes in 
order to see whether or not

427
00:20:39,300 --> 00:20:46,233
we can get more barn owls 
into the study site.

428
00:20:46,333 --> 00:20:49,300
Mark: Remember to hold so that 
you don't get messed on, okay?

429
00:20:49,400 --> 00:20:52,566
Sarah: Another job is to assist 
in the monthly census count of 
owl

430
00:20:52,666 --> 00:20:57,066
chicks to ensure the population 
is healthy and increasing.

431
00:20:57,166 --> 00:21:01,433
Mark: These guys are just 
starting to get their facial 
discs in.

432
00:21:01,533 --> 00:21:05,633
Barn owls have these, uh, 
concave facial discs

433
00:21:05,733 --> 00:21:07,733
created by feathers.

434
00:21:07,833 --> 00:21:10,433
And uh that's one of the 
reasons why barn owls have

435
00:21:10,533 --> 00:21:13,900
some of the best hearing in 
the bird world,

436
00:21:14,000 --> 00:21:16,666
which is already extremely 
good amongst owls.

437
00:21:16,766 --> 00:21:20,033
Barn owls have some of the best 
hearing among the owl families.

438
00:21:20,133 --> 00:21:23,966
And, uh, these guys, well, 
their starting to get some

439
00:21:24,066 --> 00:21:27,333
flight feathers in, like 
Jillian's got one right here.

440
00:21:27,433 --> 00:21:30,633
These guys are coming in, 
these are flight feathers.

441
00:21:30,733 --> 00:21:35,233
And I would say they're 
about two or three weeks away

442
00:21:35,333 --> 00:21:37,166
from being able just 
to fly right out

443
00:21:37,266 --> 00:21:41,233
and become adult barn 
owls themselves.

444
00:21:41,333 --> 00:21:43,700
Sarah: Vintners say the use of 
barn owls in the region for

445
00:21:43,800 --> 00:21:46,266
pest control is nothing new.

446
00:21:46,366 --> 00:21:50,133
Craig: We've had barn owl boxes 
up for probably 10 to 15 years 
now.

447
00:21:50,233 --> 00:21:54,566
Um, but, in this, with this 
many and isolated in

448
00:21:54,666 --> 00:21:57,466
specific spots like this, 
we've never had this many.

449
00:21:57,566 --> 00:22:00,166
And we've typically had 
one for probably

450
00:22:00,266 --> 00:22:01,766
for 40 acres or 30 acres.

451
00:22:01,866 --> 00:22:05,066
Now we're looking at 25 in a 
hundred-acre block.

452
00:22:05,166 --> 00:22:07,133
Sarah: Browning's research is 
validating the need to

453
00:22:07,233 --> 00:22:10,366
increase the population of 
the raptor.

454
00:22:10,466 --> 00:22:11,900
Sandy: So, if you've got a 
researcher in place that can

455
00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:15,700
take the time to measure 
that impact and determine,

456
00:22:15,800 --> 00:22:18,933
how many boxes do we need in 
a given acreage,

457
00:22:19,033 --> 00:22:21,466
where do we need to locate 
them for the best effect,

458
00:22:21,566 --> 00:22:24,033
how often do we need to 
clean them,

459
00:22:24,133 --> 00:22:26,933
all those types of things, 
that's wonderful.

460
00:22:27,033 --> 00:22:29,400
Craig: If we can come across 
where you know we need to put,

461
00:22:29,500 --> 00:22:32,233
um, you know, five per 
twenty acres,

462
00:22:32,333 --> 00:22:33,666
we'll put five per 
twenty acres.

463
00:22:33,766 --> 00:22:36,900
Yes, there's an expense to that, 
but you collect that money back

464
00:22:37,000 --> 00:22:40,566
by not having to send a tractor 
through the field leaving

465
00:22:40,666 --> 00:22:43,366
little bait behind in burrows 
for these gophers

466
00:22:43,466 --> 00:22:48,866
to take back to their 
own burrow and die.

467
00:22:48,966 --> 00:22:51,366
Sarah: The U.S. Fish and 
Wildlife Service is also keeping

468
00:22:51,466 --> 00:22:54,633
"an eye" on the research since 
the agency advocates the

469
00:22:54,733 --> 00:22:57,433
use of natural pesticide 
methods.

470
00:22:57,533 --> 00:23:02,833
Sonce: The more we can encourage 
people to restore as much

471
00:23:02,933 --> 00:23:06,266
as possible a natural 
environment where Mother Nature

472
00:23:06,366 --> 00:23:10,800
keeps things in check, rather 
than using chemicals to keep

473
00:23:10,900 --> 00:23:14,333
pests in check, that's simply 
good for all of us.

474
00:23:14,433 --> 00:23:16,866
And basically that's what the 
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

475
00:23:16,966 --> 00:23:20,833
is concerned with is 
encouraging a more natural

476
00:23:20,933 --> 00:23:30,100
world there a lot of species 
can survive and thrive.

477
00:23:30,200 --> 00:23:32,966
As night begins to fall, the 
nocturnal owls begin

478
00:23:33,066 --> 00:23:35,466
to take flight in search of 
their prey.

479
00:23:35,566 --> 00:23:39,966
Mark: Barn owls happen to be 
extremely well adapted to this 
job.

480
00:23:40,066 --> 00:23:42,666
They are attracted to 
nest boxes.

481
00:23:42,766 --> 00:23:45,400
That means you can attract 
them to a farm.

482
00:23:45,500 --> 00:23:47,500
They don't mind each other's 
company.

483
00:23:47,600 --> 00:23:50,566
So that also means that you 
can have a lot of them

484
00:23:50,666 --> 00:23:52,033
and they're not gonna fight.

485
00:23:52,133 --> 00:23:55,466
They tolerate human presence, 
and they eat a large number

486
00:23:55,566 --> 00:23:57,333
of rodents, and have 
lots of babies.

487
00:23:57,433 --> 00:24:00,566
So, you actually have a 
predator that's extremely

488
00:24:00,666 --> 00:24:03,300
well suited for an IPM 
program.

489
00:24:03,400 --> 00:24:08,166
And I think that in the end 
the result will be a greater

490
00:24:08,266 --> 00:24:11,100
interest in utilizing barn 
owls for rodent control.

491
00:24:11,200 --> 00:24:14,800
And various farmers around 
the country are starting to

492
00:24:14,900 --> 00:24:18,400
realize that you can use 
this animal to reduce the

493
00:24:18,500 --> 00:24:21,133
use of poisons and other 
invasive methods.

494
00:24:21,233 --> 00:24:24,166
Sarah: As for the growers, they 
feel the use of barn owls

495
00:24:24,266 --> 00:24:26,500
will allow them to provide a 
more environmentally

496
00:24:26,600 --> 00:24:30,633
friendly and cost efficient 
product for the consumer.

497
00:24:30,733 --> 00:24:33,600
Chris: They can see that the 
product they're purchasing, um,

498
00:24:33,700 --> 00:24:38,100
is safer for the environment, 
is better for the grower

499
00:24:38,200 --> 00:24:40,033
because the grower is making a 
little bit more money,

500
00:24:40,133 --> 00:24:42,066
and potentially the price 
of the product

501
00:24:42,166 --> 00:24:43,600
that they're buying is lower.

502
00:24:43,700 --> 00:24:47,466
Sandy: When you see an owl 
flying around at dusk starting

503
00:24:47,566 --> 00:24:52,366
to hunt for the night, it's one 
of the neatest sights I think

504
00:24:52,466 --> 00:24:56,733
that I've ever had the 
opportunity to experience.

505
00:24:56,833 --> 00:24:58,800
Working in these properties 
I get to see a lot of

506
00:24:58,900 --> 00:25:01,933
wildlife interact with our 
farming operation.

507
00:25:02,033 --> 00:25:05,066
And knowing that the owl is 
out there taking care of one

508
00:25:05,166 --> 00:25:10,366
last thing that I have to 
worry about is a great thing.

509
00:25:10,466 --> 00:25:13,000
Sarah: Lots of feathers and fur 
on the show this week.

510
00:25:13,100 --> 00:25:14,066
Hope you enjoyed it.

511
00:25:14,166 --> 00:25:15,733
Remember that if you want 
more information on

512
00:25:15,833 --> 00:25:17,566
America's Heartland or just 
want to see some

513
00:25:17,666 --> 00:25:20,766
of our programs again, just log 
on to our website at

514
00:25:20,866 --> 00:25:22,800
AmericasHeartland.Org

515
00:25:22,900 --> 00:25:24,600
And join us on some 
of your popular

516
00:25:24,700 --> 00:25:26,233
social media sites as well.

517
00:25:26,333 --> 00:25:27,300
Thanks for being with us.

518
00:25:27,400 --> 00:25:29,366
We'll see you next time, 
on America's Heartland.

519
00:25:31,133 --> 00:25:34,500
Narr:You can purchase a DVD or 
Blu Ray copy of this program.

520
00:25:34,600 --> 00:25:36,166
Here's the cost:

521
00:25:37,333 --> 00:25:39,566
To order, just visit us 
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522
00:25:43,266 --> 00:25:44,833
♪♪♪

523
00:25:44,933 --> 00:25:51,266
♪You can see it in the eyes 
of every woman and man♪

524
00:25:51,366 --> 00:25:57,233
♪In America's Heartland 
living close to the land♪

525
00:25:57,333 --> 00:26:03,266
♪There's a love for the country 
And a pride in the brand♪

526
00:26:03,366 --> 00:26:06,033
♪In America's Heartland♪

527
00:26:06,133 --> 00:26:11,600
♪Living close 
Close to the land♪

528
00:26:11,700 --> 00:26:12,933
♪♪♪

529
00:26:13,033 --> 00:26:16,466
Narr: America's Heartland is 
made possible by...

530
00:26:16,566 --> 00:26:19,200
CropLife America. 
And it's member companies

531
00:26:19,300 --> 00:26:22,066
and associations in the 
crop protection industry

532
00:26:22,166 --> 00:26:26,833
including:

533
00:26:26,933 --> 00:26:29,733
Farm Credit - 
financing agriculture

534
00:26:29,833 --> 00:26:33,166
and rural America since 1916.

535
00:26:33,266 --> 00:26:34,433
Farm Credit is 
cooperatively owned

536
00:26:34,533 --> 00:26:36,100
by America's farmers 
and ranchers.

537
00:26:36,200 --> 00:26:38,733
Learn more at 
farmcredit.com.

538
00:26:40,033 --> 00:26:45,033
♪♪♪